Roller guide and turning device therefor

Abstract

To provide a roller guide and a turning device therefor capable of accommodating variations in the outer diameter of a bar material or changes in the outer diameter of the bar material without damaging the supported and gripped bar material in feeding in the axial direction.SOLUTION: In a first support stand 102, a cylindrical rotary shaft 1 is rotatably supported by a first bearing 12. A central axis of the rotary shaft 1 is arranged concentrically with a rotation axis 107 of a spindle of a first headstock 101. A support cylinder 13 is fixed to an inner circumferential surface of the rotary shaft 1 by bolts 14. Three cylindrical roller support shafts 15 are disposed in the support cylinder 13 at equal angular intervals so as to be movable in a center direction from an outer circumferential surface of a bar material 109. A roller 16 that rotates in the axis orthogonal to the rotation axis 107 of the spindle is rotatably supported on each roller support shaft 15, and the roller 16 contacts the outer circumferential surface of the bar material 109.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a roller guide and a turning device thereof, and more particularly to a roller guide and a turning device thereof that supports the outer periphery of a bar material as a workpiece with rollers and can support the bar material so as to follow variations in the outer diameter. [Background technology]

[0002] In turning processes for bar stock, etc., a bar support device (guide bush) is known that supports the bar stock near the processing area to prevent the tip of the bar stock from wobbling and deflecting during the turning process. Among these, a device that moves radially from the outer periphery of the bar stock and supports the bar stock with multiple guide rollers has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The guide roller device of Patent Document 1 uses an annular cam to move the guide rollers radially to clamp the bar stock, and the guide rollers are driven by a hydraulic cylinder and a cam mechanism. On the other hand, a rotating guide bush has also been proposed that clamps the bar stock by tightening it like a tapered collet chuck (see, for example, Patent Document 2). This rotating guide bush rotates with the bar stock during processing.

[0003] On the other hand, among turning devices, there is also known a numerically controlled automatic lathe that has two headstocks arranged opposite each other, each with a turret tool rest. The numerically controlled automatic lathe has guide bushes arranged between the headstocks to support a workpiece such as a bar during machining (see, for example, Patent Document 3). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 4-67901 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-219301 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 62-130102 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] When using a guide bush to process a polished round bar, high-precision turning, such as outer rounding accuracy and facing accuracy, requires maintaining center accuracy and supporting the bar without damaging it. In particular, the guide bush must prevent scratches on the outer surface of the bar when feeding the bar in the Z-axis direction. The guide roller device described in Patent Document 1, mentioned above, fixes the bar and rotates the tool to process it, and therefore cannot be used with turning machines in which the bar rotates. The rotating guide bush described in Patent Document 2 rotates with the bar, but it is difficult to accommodate dimensional errors in the bar and adjust the gripping pressure. Similarly, the guide bush for a numerically controlled automatic lathe described in Patent Document 3 is difficult to accommodate dimensional errors in the bar and adjust the gripping pressure.

[0006] The present invention has been made in view of the above background to achieve the following objects. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a roller guide and a turning device for the same which will not damage the supported and gripped bar material when fed in the axial direction. Another object of the present invention is to provide a roller guide and a turning device for the same that can accommodate variations in the outer diameter of a bar material or changes in the outer diameter of the bar material. A further object of the present invention is to provide a roller guide and a turning device thereof which are capable of changing the support and gripping force when the bar is moving in the axial direction and when it is stopped. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following means. That is, the roller guide of the present invention 1 is a turning processing device comprising a bed constituting a main body, a headstock having a spindle for rotating a workpiece and a rotation drive device for the spindle, a chuck attached to the end of the spindle of the headstock for gripping the workpiece, a tool rest having a blade for machining the workpiece, and a roller guide mounted on the bed and, when the workpiece is a bar stock, rotatably supporting the bar stock while the blade is machining the bar stock, The roller guide is a support base forming a main body of the roller guide; a cylindrical rotating shaft rotatably supported by a first bearing on the support base; a plurality of rollers provided on the rotating shaft, which support the bar in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the bar, rotate about an axis perpendicular to the rotation axis of the main shaft, and are arranged equiangularly on the outer peripheral surface of the bar; roller biasing means for biasing the roller from the outer peripheral surface of the bar toward the center of the bar; The present invention is characterized by having the following.

[0008] The roller guide of the second invention is the roller guide of the first invention, characterized in that the number of the rollers is three. The roller guide of the present invention 3 is the roller guide of the present invention 1 or 2, wherein the roller biasing means is a cylinder provided on the support base; a piston inserted in the cylinder, driven by fluid pressure, and operating parallel to the rotation axis of the main shaft; a wedge drive member supported on the rotation shaft so as to be movable parallel to the rotation axis of the main shaft; a second bearing that supports the wedge drive member and the piston so as to be relatively rotatable and is provided on the piston or the wedge drive member; a wedge member that drives the roller toward the center of the bar by moving the wedge driving member parallel to the rotation axis of the main shaft; The present invention is characterized in that it comprises:

[0009] The turning processing device of present invention 4 is a turning processing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the headstock and the support table are arranged opposite each other and can be controlled to move parallel to the rotation axis of the main spindle, and are mounted on the vertical surface of the bed. [Effects of the Invention]

[0010] The roller guide and turning device of the present invention uses rollers that contact the outer surface of the bar to support it, and rotates on an axis perpendicular to the rotation axis of the spindle, so the bar is not damaged even if it moves parallel to the rotation axis of the spindle.In addition, the roller guide and turning device can accommodate variations in the outer diameter of the bar or changes in the outer diameter of the bar. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0011] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is an overall front view of a turning device having a roller guide according to the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a right side view of FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a support base equipped with a roller guide of the present invention. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along CC in FIG. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line DD in FIG. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing the order of steps for machining both ends of a long shaft workpiece using the turning device having the roller guide of the present invention shown in FIGS. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0012] An embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall front view of a turning apparatus having a roller guide according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a right side view of FIG. 1. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the turning apparatus having a roller guide according to the present invention is an example applied to an opposed-spindle turning apparatus. A bar 109 is used as a material, and a first process is performed by a first headstock 101, a first support rest 102, and a first tool rest 103 arranged to the left of a bed 100 in FIG. 1, while a second process is performed by a second headstock 104, a second support rest 105, and a second tool rest 106 arranged to the right of the bed 100 in FIG. 1. The first headstock 101 and the second headstock 104 each have a spindle (not shown) that rotates about a horizontal rotation axis 107, and the bar 109 is gripped by a chuck (collet chuck) 108 attached to the end of the spindle. The first headstock 101, the first support stand 102, the second headstock 104, and the second support stand 105 can each be independently controlled to move parallel to the spindle rotation axis 107 along horizontal guide surfaces 111 formed on a vertical surface 110 in front of the bed 100. The first tool rest 103 and the second tool rest 106 have columns 115 and 116, and can each be independently controlled to move in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the page in FIG. 1 along guide surfaces 113 and 114 formed on a horizontal surface 112 on the top surface of the bed 100. The first tool rest 103 and the second tool rest 106 have turret tool rests 117 and 118. The turret tool rests 117 and 118 can each be independently controlled to move in a direction perpendicular to the spindle rotation axis 107 along vertical guide surfaces 119 and 120 formed on the vertical surfaces in front of the columns 115 and 116. The first support table 102 and the second support table 105 have roller guides that rotatably support the bar material 109 while it is being machined by the first tool rest 103 and the second tool rest 106.

[0013] Next, the internal structures of the first support base 102 and the second support base 105 will be described. Because the first support base 102 and the second support base 105 have a bilaterally symmetrical structure, the internal structure of the first support base 102 will be described, and a description of the internal structure of the second support base 105 will be omitted. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the first support base 102, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 3, FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC in FIG. 3, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line DD in FIG. 3. As shown in FIGS. 3 to 7, a cylindrical rotating shaft 1 is rotatably supported by a first bearing 12 on the first support base 102. The central axis of the rotating shaft 1 is arranged concentrically with the rotation axis 107 of the spindle of the first headstock 101. A support cylinder 13 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 1 with bolts 14. Three cylindrical roller holding shafts 15 are arranged at equal angular intervals on the support cylinder 13 so that they can move from the outer circumferential surface of the bar 109 toward the center. Rollers 16, which rotate on axes perpendicular to the rotation axis 107 of the main shaft, are rotatably supported on the roller holding shafts 15, and these rollers 16 are in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the bar 109. A compression spring 17 is arranged between the support cylinder 13 and the roller holding shafts 15, and urges the roller holding shafts 15 in a direction away from the outer circumferential surface of the bar 109.

[0014] A cylindrical wedge drive member 18 and a cylindrical wedge member 19 are supported between the inner peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 1 and the outer peripheral surface of the support cylinder 13 so as to be movable parallel to the rotation axis 107 of the main shaft. The wedge drive member 18 and the wedge member 19 are fixed together with three bolts 20. A cylinder 21 is formed in the first support base 102, and a piston 22 driven by fluid pressure is inserted into the cylinder 21 so as to be movable parallel to the rotation axis 107 of the main shaft. A disk-shaped transmission plate 27 for transmitting the force of the piston 22 to the wedge drive member 18 is fixed to the right end face of the piston 22 with three bolts 28. Three second bearings 23 are attached equiangularly to the left end of the wedge drive member 18 to support the transmission plate 27 and the wedge drive member 18 so as to be rotatable relative to each other. The second bearings 23 may be attached to the transmission plate 27. The wedge member 19 has three wedge grooves 24 each having a rectangular cross section formed at equal angular intervals, and the width across flats portion 25 of the roller holding shaft 15 is fitted into these wedge grooves 24 .

[0015] Therefore, when fluid pressure is supplied to the cylinder 21 and the piston 22 moves parallel to the rotation axis 107 of the spindle, the roller holding shaft 15 is driven toward the center of the bar 109, causing the rollers 16 to come into contact with the outer surface of the bar 109 and support the bar 109. Because the rollers 16 rotate on an axis perpendicular to the rotation axis 107 of the spindle, even if the bar 109 moves parallel to the rotation axis 107 of the spindle during processing, the rollers 16 rotate smoothly to guide the bar 109, preventing damage to the bar 109. This also makes it possible to accommodate variations in the outer diameter of the bar 109 or changes in the outer diameter of the bar 109. The gripping force of the rollers 16 can be changed depending on whether the bar 109 is moving parallel to the rotation axis 107 of the spindle or is stopped. Furthermore, since the rotary shaft 1 rotates at the same rotation speed as the bar 109 being processed, there is no need for an additional mechanism for rotating the rotary shaft 1 in synchronization with the rotation speed of the main shaft.

[0016] Figure 8 is an explanatory diagram showing the order of steps for machining both ends of a long shaft object using the turning device having the roller guide of the present invention shown in Figures 1 and 2. Figure 8(a) shows the state after the first and second steps have been completed and the workpiece that has been machined in the second step has been ejected from the machine. In FIG. 8(b), the second support table 105 and the second headstock 104 move toward the first support table 102, and the bar material 109 is gripped by the rollers 16 of the first support table 102 and cut off by the cut-off tool 26, and the workpiece W1 that has been machined in the first step is separated from the bar material 109. In FIG. 8(c), After the chuck 106 of the second headstock 104 and the rollers 16 of the second support stand 105 grip the workpiece W1 for which the first process has been completed, the second support stand 105 and the second headstock 104 move to the right, and the workpiece W1 for which the first process has been completed is subjected to the second process. At the same time, a bar 109 is fed out, and after the chuck 106 of the first headstock 101 and the rollers 16 of the first support stand 102 grip the bar 109, the bar 109 is subjected to the first process. Figure 8(d) shows the state after the simultaneous processing of the first and second processes has been completed. Figure 8(e) shows the workpiece W2 for which the second process has been completed is gripped by an external discharge device (not shown), and then the chuck 106 of the second headstock 104 releases its grip. At the same time, the rollers 16 of the second support table 105 release their grip on the workpiece W2 for which the second process has been completed. After that, the second support table 105 is moved to the left, and the second headstock 104 is moved to the right. After that, the workpiece W2 for which the second process has been completed is carried out of the machine by the external discharge device, and the series of processes is completed.

[0017] Although an embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. For example, in the above-described embodiment, three rollers 16 are arranged at equal angular intervals, but multiple rollers may be arranged at equal angular intervals. Also, although three wedge grooves 24 are formed at equal angular intervals in the cylindrical wedge member 19, multiple wedge members each having one wedge groove may be arranged at equal angular intervals. [Explanation of symbols]

[0018] 100...bed 101...1st headstock 102...1st support stand 103...1st tool post 104…Second headstock 105…Second support stand 106...2nd tool post 107...Rotation axis 108...Zipper 109...Bar material 110...Vertical surface 111...Guide surface 112…Horizontal plane 113, 114...Guide surface 115, 116...Column 117, 118...Turret tool rest 119, 120...Guide surface 1...Rotation axis 12...First bearing 13...Support tube 14...Volts 15...Roller holding shaft 16...Laura 17...Compression spring 18...Wedge drive member 19...Wedge member 20...volts 21...Cylinder 22...Piston 23...Second bearing 24...Wedge groove 25…Width across flats part 26...Cut-off tool 27...Transmission plate 28...Volts

Claims

1. A bed that constitutes the main body; a headstock including a spindle that rotates a workpiece and a rotation drive device for the spindle; a chuck attached to the end of the spindle of the headstock for gripping a workpiece; a tool rest on which a tool for processing the workpiece is attached; a roller guide mounted on the bed, which, when the workpiece is a bar material, rotatably supports the bar material while the blade is processing the bar material; In a turning processing device comprising: The roller guide is a support base forming a main body of the roller guide; a cylindrical rotating shaft rotatably supported by a first bearing on the support base; a plurality of rollers provided on the rotating shaft, which support the bar in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the bar, rotate about an axis perpendicular to the rotation axis of the main shaft, and are arranged equiangularly on the outer peripheral surface of the bar; roller biasing means for biasing the roller from the outer peripheral surface of the bar toward the center of the bar; A roller guide comprising:

2. The roller guide according to claim 1, There are three rollers A roller guide characterized by:

3. The roller guide according to claim 1 or 2, The roller biasing means a cylinder provided on the support base; a piston inserted in the cylinder, driven by fluid pressure, and operating parallel to the rotation axis of the main shaft; a wedge drive member supported on the rotation shaft so as to be movable parallel to the rotation axis of the main shaft; a second bearing that supports the wedge drive member and the piston so as to be relatively rotatable and is provided on the piston or the wedge drive member; a wedge member that drives the roller toward the center of the bar by moving the wedge driving member parallel to the rotation axis of the main shaft; A roller guide comprising:

4. A turning apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The headstock and the support table are arranged opposite each other and can be controlled to move parallel to the rotation axis of the spindle, and are mounted on the vertical surface of the bed. A turning processing device characterized by:

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