Cutting insert, cutting tool, and method of manufacturing cutting workpiece

Abstract

To solve such the problem that coolant is less likely to be supplied to a cutting edge because a groove does not extend to the cutting edge.SOLUTION: A cutting insert includes a cutting part that includes a first surface, a second surface, a third surface, a cutting blade, and a through-hole. The first surface includes an inclined surface and a groove extending from the inclined surface to the cutting blade. The through-hole includes an opening connected to the groove.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a cutting insert, a cutting tool, and a method for manufacturing a machined product. [Background technology]

[0002] Known cutting inserts (throw-away chips) are cutting tools used to cut workpieces such as metals, for example, as described in Patent Documents 1 to 4. The cutting insert described in Patent Document 2 has a coolant ejection hole on the rake face, and further has a groove extending from the coolant ejection hole toward the cutting edge. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] US Patent No. 2013 / 0251463 [Patent Document 2] International Publication No. 2021 / 074979 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 03-033005 [Patent Document 4] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 04-183503 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In the cutting insert described in Patent Document 2, the grooves are located away from the cutting edge, which makes it difficult for the coolant to reach the cutting edge, potentially reducing the cooling effect. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] A cutting insert according to one embodiment has a cutting portion including a first surface, a second surface located opposite the first surface, a third surface connected to the first surface and the second surface, a cutting edge located at the intersection of the first surface and the third surface, and a through hole opening in the first surface. The first surface has an inclined surface that moves away from the second surface as it moves away from the cutting edge, and one or more grooves extending from the inclined surface to the cutting edge. The through hole has one or more openings that open in the inclined surface and are connected to the groove. [Effects of the Invention]

[0006] According to the cutting insert of the above embodiment, the coolant can easily reach the cutting edge, and the cooling effect can easily be increased. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0007] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a non-limiting one-sided cutting insert according to the present disclosure. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of an area A1 shown in FIG. [Figure 3] This is the same enlarged view as in FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a side view of the cutting insert shown in FIG. 1, as viewed from a direction B1. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of an area A2 shown in FIG. [Figure 6] This is the same enlarged view as FIG. 5. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VII-VII shown in FIG. 6. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of an area C1 shown in FIG. [Figure 9] FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IX-IX in FIG. 6. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of an area C2 shown in FIG. [Figure 11] FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XI-XI shown in FIG. 6. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of an area C3 shown in FIG. [Figure 13]FIG. 2 is a side view of the cutting insert shown in FIG. 1, viewed from a direction B2. [Figure 14] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a non-limiting one-sided cutting tool of the present disclosure. [Figure 15] 1 is a schematic diagram showing a non-limiting step in a method for manufacturing a one-sided machined product according to the present disclosure. [Figure 16] 1 is a schematic diagram showing a non-limiting step in a method for manufacturing a one-sided machined product according to the present disclosure. [Figure 17] 1 is a schematic diagram showing a non-limiting step in a method for manufacturing a one-sided machined product according to the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0008] <Cutting insert> The cutting insert 1 of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings (hereinafter simply referred to as the insert 1). However, for the sake of convenience, the drawings referred to below show only the main components necessary for explaining the insert 1 of the embodiment in a simplified form. Therefore, the insert 1 of the present disclosure may include any components not shown in the drawings referred to. Furthermore, the dimensions of the components in the drawings do not faithfully represent the actual dimensions of the components and the dimensional ratios of each component. Note that the present invention is not limited to the following aspects.

[0009] As shown in the example of Fig. 1, the insert 1 may have a base portion 3 and a cutting portion 5. The base portion 3 and the cutting portion 5 may be formed separately or integrally. The portion including the base portion 3 and the cutting portion 5 may be set as a main body.

[0010] The insert 1 may have a polygonal plate shape as a whole. The insert 1 shown in FIG. 1 has a roughly rectangular plate shape. When the base portion 3 and the cutting portion 5 are configured as separate bodies, the base portion 3 may have a roughly rectangular plate shape with some of the corners cut out. The cutting portion 5 may be joined to the cut-out portion using brazing material or the like. As an example shown in FIG. 1, the cutting portion 5 may have a roughly triangular plate shape.

[0011] The base portion 3 and the cutting portion 5 are not limited to the above configurations. For example, the base portion 3 and the cutting portion 5 may each be a rectangular plate and have the same shape when viewed from above. For example, the cutting portion 5, which is also a rectangular plate, may be located on top of the base portion 3, which is also a rectangular plate.

[0012] 1 and 13, the base portion 3 may have an upper end surface 35, a lower end surface 37, and a hole 39. The hole 39 may be positioned so as to penetrate from the upper end surface 35 to the lower end surface 37. The hole 39 can be used as an insertion hole for a fastener when attaching the insert 1 to a holder. Examples of the fastener include a screw, a clamp member, and a wedge.

[0013] As shown in an example in FIG. 2 , the cutting portion 5 may have a first surface 7, a second surface 9, and a third surface 11. The second surface 9 may be located opposite the first surface 7. The third surface 11 may be located between the first surface 7 and the second surface 9. The first surface 7 may have a corner portion 13 and a first side 15. The first side 15 may be connected to the corner portion 13.

[0014] In the example shown in FIG. 2, the first surface 7 is located at the upper part of the cutting portion 5. Therefore, the first surface 7 may be conveniently referred to as the upper surface 7. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the second surface 9 is located at the lower part of the cutting portion 5. Therefore, the second surface 9 may be conveniently referred to as the lower surface 9. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the third surface 11 is located between the upper surface 7 and the lower surface 9 and is connected to these surfaces. Therefore, the third surface 11 may be conveniently referred to as the side surface 11.

[0015] The upper surface 7 has a polygonal shape, and may be a triangle as in the example shown in FIG. 5. As in the example shown in FIG. 5, the upper surface 7 may have three corners and three sides. Note that the shape of the upper surface 7 is not limited to the example shown in FIG. 5. For example, the upper surface 7 may be a square, a pentagon, or the like instead of a triangle. There is no problem with the shape, hexagon, or octagon.

[0016] The upper surface 7 may have a generally polygonal shape, but does not have to be a polygonal shape in the strict sense. That is, the corners of the polygonal upper surface 7 are not limited to the intersection of two straight lines, and may have a shape with outwardly rounded corner portions 13, as in the example shown in Figures 2 and 5.

[0017] Furthermore, first side 15 of upper surface 7 does not have to be a straight line in the strict sense, but may be, for example, a slightly curved concave or convex curve. Note that "slightly curved" means that the radius of curvature of the curved first side is sufficiently large compared to the length of the first side, specifically, the radius of curvature of the first side is 10 times or more the length of the first side.

[0018] The size of the cutting portion 5 is not particularly limited, but for example, the length of the first side 15 on the upper surface 7 may be set to about 0.4 to 2.0 mm. Also, the height from the upper surface 7 to the lower surface 9 may be set to about 0.8 to 2.5 mm.

[0019] As shown in an example in Figure 2, the cutting portion 5 may have a cutting edge 19 located at the intersection of the top surface 7 and the side surface 11. The cutting edge 19 may be used to cut a workpiece. The cutting edge 19 may be located over the entire intersection, or may be located only at a portion of the intersection. For example, the cutting edge 19 may be located at the corner portion 13 on the top surface 7 and at a portion of the first side 15 continuing from the corner portion 13.

[0020] The intersection of the top surface 7 and the side surface 11 may be indicated by a ridgeline, and a linear cutting edge 19 may be located on this ridgeline, but the configuration of the cutting edge 19 is not limited to this. For example, a strip-shaped region that is sufficiently narrower than the width of the top surface 7 and the side surface 11 may be provided at the intersection of the top surface 7 and the side surface 11, and the top surface 7 and the side surface 11 may be connected via this region. The strip-shaped region described above is generally called a honed surface. Examples of honed surfaces include c-chamfering (chamfer honing) and round honing (R honing), as shown in FIG. 2.

[0021] In the case where the cutting portion 5 has a honed surface, the cutting edge 19 may be evaluated as being located in a band shape on the honed surface rather than in a line shape. In the example shown in Fig. 2, the end of a groove 31 (described later) is located on the honed surface, so the groove 31 can be evaluated as being connected to the cutting edge 19.

[0022] As shown in an example in FIG. 2, the upper surface 7 may have an inclined surface 21. The inclined surface 21 may be located along the corner portion 13 and the first side 15, and may be inclined so as to move away from the lower surface 9 as it moves away from the cutting edge 19. In other words, the inclined surface 21 may be inclined upward toward the inside of the upper surface 7. Furthermore, the inclined surface 21 may be a flat surface or a curved surface. The inclined surface 21 may be used to collide with and curve chips during cutting. In other words, the inclined surface 21 may be used as a so-called chip breaker.

[0023] 2, the cutting portion 5 may have a through-hole 23. The through-hole 23 may be positioned so as to penetrate the inside of the base portion 3 from the upper surface 7 toward the base portion 3. Furthermore, the base portion 3 may have another through-hole that is connected to the through-hole 23 of the cutting portion 5. This through-hole may be positioned inside the base portion 3.

[0024] The through-hole 23 may be open at the inclined surface 21. In other words, the through-hole 23 may have an opening 25 at the inclined surface 21. There may be only one opening 25 at the inclined surface 21, or there may be multiple openings 25 at the inclined surface 21. The opening 25 at the inclined surface 21 may be located at a specific position. It may be located at any location without any restrictions.

[0025] A coolant (cooling fluid) for cooling the insert 1 during cutting can be passed through the through hole 23 in the cutting portion 5 and the through hole in the base portion 3. The opening of the through hole in the base portion 3 can function as an inlet through which coolant flows in (is supplied) from the outside, and the opening 25 of the through hole 23 can function as an outlet through which the coolant flows out during cutting. In this case, the through hole 23 in the cutting portion 5 and the through hole in the base portion 3 can be collectively positioned as a coolant flow path.

[0026] Examples of coolants include water-insoluble oils and water-soluble oils. Examples of water-insoluble oils include cutting oils such as oil-based, inactive extreme pressure, and active extreme pressure types. Examples of water-soluble oils include cutting oils such as emulsions, solubles, and solutions. The coolant is not limited to a liquid, and may be a gas such as an inert gas. The coolant may be appropriately selected and used depending on the material of the workpiece.

[0027] The through holes 23 may be formed by, for example, drilling or laser processing a member that will become the cutting portion 5 to form a hole. The portion of the hole through which the coolant flows may be the through hole 23. Each hole may have, for example, a circular, elliptical, or polygonal shape in a cross section perpendicular to the direction of fluid flow. Of the hole portions formed by drilling, portions that do not function as a portion through which the coolant flows may be blocked with a sealing member to prevent fluid leakage. Examples of sealing members include solder, resin, and screw members.

[0028] As shown in an example in Fig. 2, the upper surface 7 may have a groove 31 extending from the inclined surface 21 to the cutting edge 19. In other words, the groove 31 may be connected to the cutting edge 19. Furthermore, there may be only one groove 31, or there may be multiple grooves 31.

[0029] As shown in an example in Fig. 2, the upper surface 7 may have openings 25 in the inclined surface 21. There may be only one opening 25, or there may be multiple openings 25. Furthermore, the openings 25 may be connected to grooves 31 in the inclined surface 21. The number of openings 25 may be the same as the number of grooves 31.

[0030] The boundary between the opening 25 and the groove 31 may be the position where the inclined surface 21 is lowest. In other words, as in the example shown in Figures 2 and 5, the position of the inclined surface 21 closest to the lower surface 9 may be the boundary 33 between the opening 25 and the groove 31.

[0031] When the insert 1 has the above-described configuration, the coolant flowing out from the opening 25 is easily guided along the groove 31 and supplied to the cutting edge 19. Therefore, the coolant can easily directly cool the cutting edge 19, and the cooling effect of the coolant can easily be enhanced.

[0032] 2 and 3, through-hole 23 is configured by a portion extending linearly, but is not limited thereto. For example, through-hole 23 may be configured to have a portion extending linearly from opening 25 and another portion connected to this portion and inclined relative to this portion. Here, the other portion may be linear or curved.

[0033] The coolant flow path has an inlet hole 27 through which the coolant flows in and an outlet hole 29 through which the coolant flows out. As described above, the through hole 23 is a portion of the coolant flow path that is located in the cutting portion 5. In the example shown in Figures 2 and 3, the through hole 23 is configured by a portion that extends linearly, and therefore this linearly extending portion is the through hole 23, and the outlet hole 29 is It can be evaluated as 29.

[0034] 2 and 3, the base portion 3 has another through hole connected to the through hole 23. This through hole can be considered to be an inlet hole 27 in the coolant flow path.

[0035] 2 and 3, the inlet hole 27 extends linearly from the upper end surface 35 of the base portion 3 toward the lower end surface 37, and opens at the lower end surface 37. The opening at the lower end surface 37 can function as an inlet through which coolant flows in from the outside. When the inlet hole 27 is linear, the pressure loss of the coolant flowing through the inlet hole 27 is small.

[0036] It should be noted that the term "straight line" or "curved line" used here does not mean a one-dimensional straight line or curve, but simply means that the inlet hole 27 is straight or curved. In the following description, the terms "straight line" and "curved line" used with respect to the through-hole 23, the inlet hole 27, and the outlet hole 29 may have the same meaning.

[0037] 2, 3, and 5, the outlet hole 29 may extend linearly from the opening 25. There may be one or more outlet holes 29. The number of outlet holes 29 may be the same as the number of openings 25 and grooves 31.

[0038] 7 to 12, the outlet holes 29 may be inclined so as to move away from the lower surface 9 with increasing distance from the opening 25. In other words, the outlet holes 29 may be inclined upward toward the inside of the upper surface 7.

[0039] When the insert 1 has the above-described configuration, the coolant flowing out from the opening 25 is likely to be supplied directly toward the cutting edge 19. Therefore, the amount of coolant supplied to the cutting edge 19 is likely to be large, and the cooling effect of the coolant on the cutting edge 19 is likely to be enhanced.

[0040] 2, 3, and 5, the upper surface 7 may have two or more grooves 31 extending from the inclined surface 21 to the cutting edge 19. Furthermore, the through hole 23 may have two or more openings 25 that open at the inclined surface 19 and are connected to the grooves 31. The number of grooves 31 may be the same as the number of openings 25.

[0041] When the insert 1 has the above configuration, the coolant can be supplied to a wider area more easily than when there is only one opening 25, one outlet hole 29, and one groove 31. This makes it easier for the coolant to cool a wider area of ​​the cutting edge 19, and the cooling effect is likely to be enhanced.

[0042] As shown in the example of Fig. 2, the top surface 7 may have a second side 17. The second side 17 may be connected to the corner portion 13. The second side 17 may not be a straight line in the strict sense, but may be a slightly curved convex or concave curve, similar to the first side.

[0043] 2, 3 and 5, the cutting edge 19 may have a first cutting edge 19a, a second cutting edge 19b and a corner cutting edge 19c. The corner cutting edge 19c may be located at the corner portion 13 of the upper surface 7.

[0044] 2, 3, and 5, the first cutting edge 19a may be connected to the corner cutting edge 19c. The first cutting edge 19a may also be located on the first side 15. In this case, the first cutting edge 19a may be located on the entire first side 15, or may be located on only a portion connected to the corner cutting edge 19c. When cutting, such as external diameter machining or internal diameter machining, the first cutting edge 19a may be used as a main cutting edge.

[0045] 2, 3, and 5, the second cutting edge 19b may be connected to the corner cutting edge 19c. The second cutting edge 19b may also be located on the second side 17. In this case, the second cutting edge 19b may be located over the entire second side 17, or may be located only on a portion connected to the corner cutting edge 19c. When performing cutting such as external diameter machining or internal diameter machining, the second cutting edge 19b may be used as a main cutting edge.

[0046] 5, when the top surface 7 is viewed from the front, the first cutting edge 19a and the second cutting edge 19b are located on the right and the left, respectively, but there is no problem if the positional relationship is reversed. In the following description, the front view of the top surface 7 may be referred to as a top view.

[0047] 2, 3, and 5, the groove 31 may include a first groove 31a, a second groove 31b, and a third groove 31c. The first groove 31a may extend from the inclined surface 21 to the first cutting edge 19a. In other words, the first groove 31a may be connected to the first cutting edge 19a.

[0048] 2, 3, and 5, the second groove 31b may extend to the second cutting edge 19b. The third groove 31c may extend to the corner cutting edge 19c. That is, the second groove 31b and the third groove 31c may be connected to the second cutting edge 19b and the corner cutting edge 19c, respectively.

[0049] 3 and 5, the opening 25 may include a first opening 25a, a second opening 25b, and a third opening 25c. The first opening 25a, the second opening 25b, and the third opening 25c may be connected to a first groove 31a, a second groove 31b, and a third groove 31c, respectively.

[0050] When the insert 1 has the above configuration, coolant can be easily supplied to each of the first cutting edge 19a, the second cutting edge 19b, and the corner cutting edge 19c. As a result, each cutting edge can be easily cooled, and the cooling effect can be easily improved.

[0051] 7 to 12, the outlet holes 29 may include a first outlet hole 29a connected to the first opening 25a, a second outlet hole 29b connected to the second opening 25b, and a third outlet hole 29c connected to the third opening 25c. Each hole may extend linearly.

[0052] 5 and 6, the outlet holes 29 may branch off and extend from the inlet holes 27. Specifically, a first outlet hole 29a may extend from the inlet hole 27 toward the first opening 25a, a second outlet hole 29b may extend from the inlet hole 27 toward the second opening 25a, and a third outlet hole 29c may extend from the inlet hole 27 toward the third opening 25c.

[0053] 7 and 8, the first outlet holes 29a may be inclined so as to be away from the lower surface 9 as they move away from the first opening 25a. In other words, the first outlet holes 29a may be inclined downward toward the first cutting edge 19a.

[0054] 9 and 10, the second outlet holes 29b may be inclined away from the lower surface 9 as they move away from the second opening 25b. In other words, the second outlet holes 29b may be inclined downward toward the second cutting edge 19b.

[0055] 11 and 12, the third outlet holes 29c may be inclined away from the lower surface 9 as they move away from the third opening 25c. In other words, the third outlet holes 29c may be inclined downward toward the corner cutting edge 19c.

[0056] As shown in the examples of FIGS. 8, 10, and 12, the inner diameter of the first outlet hole 29a may be D1, the inner diameter of the second outlet hole 29b may be D2, and the inner diameter of the third outlet hole 29c may be D3. The inner diameter D1 of the first outlet hole 29a may be larger than the inner diameter D3 of the third outlet hole 29c. The inner diameter D2 of the second outlet hole 29b may be larger than the inner diameter D3 of the third outlet hole 29c. The inner diameter D1 of the first outlet hole 29a may be set to 0.08 to 0.15 mm. The inner diameter D2 of the second outlet hole 29b may be set to 0.08 to 0.15 mm. The inner diameter D3 of the third outlet hole 29c may be set to 0.03 to 0.08 mm.

[0057] When the insert 1 has the above configuration, it is easy to supply more coolant to the portions used as so-called main cutting edges, such as the first cutting edge 19a and the second cutting edge 19b, and therefore it is easy to more efficiently cool the main cutting edges, which have a large cutting resistance and generate a lot of heat during cutting.

[0058] An imaginary plane that includes the cutting edge 19 and is parallel to the lower surface 9 may be defined as the surface S. The angle that the outlet hole 29 forms with the surface S may be defined as the inclination angle. In other words, the angle at which the outlet hole 29 is inclined with respect to the lower surface 9 may be defined as the inclination angle. Specifically, as in the example shown in FIG. 8 , the angle that the outlet hole 29a forms with the surface S may be defined as the first inclination angle θ1. Similarly, the angle that the second outlet hole 29b forms with the surface S may be defined as the second inclination angle θ2, and the angle that the third outlet hole 29c forms with the surface S may be defined as the third inclination angle θ3.

[0059] Here, the angle formed by the outflow hole 29 and the surface S is not limited to the angle formed by the intersection of the outflow hole 29 and the surface S. If the outflow hole 29 and the surface S do not intersect, the angle formed by the intersection of the central axis L of the outflow hole 29 and the surface S may also be the angle formed by the outflow hole 29 and the surface S.

[0060] The first tilt angle θ1 may be approximately 2° to 6°. The second tilt angle θ2 may be approximately 2° to 6°. The third tilt angle θ3 may be approximately 1° to 4°. The magnitudes of the first tilt angle θ1 and the second tilt angle θ2 may be different from the magnitude of the third tilt angle θ3.

[0061] When the insert 1 has the above-described configuration, the coolant is easily supplied to the vicinity of the cutting edge, and a higher cooling effect is easily obtained.

[0062] As an example shown in Figure 5, the width from the first cutting edge 19a to the first opening 25a in the direction along the central axis L1 of the first outlet hole 29a may be defined as the first length W1, the width from the second cutting edge 19b to the second opening 25b in the direction along the central axis L2 of the second outlet hole 29b may be defined as the second length W2, and the width from the corner cutting edge 19c to the third opening 25c in the direction along the central axis L3 of the third outlet hole 29c may be defined as the third length W3.

[0063] The third length W3 may be greater than the first length W1 and the second length W2. That is, the distance required to supply coolant from the third opening 25c to the corner cutting edge 19c may be greater than the distance required to supply coolant from the first opening 25a and the second opening 25b to the first cutting edge 19a and the second cutting edge 19b, respectively.

[0064] To supply coolant over a longer distance, it is preferable that the inclination angle of the outlet hole 29 is small. Therefore, the third inclination angle θ3 may be smaller than the first inclination angle θ1 and the second inclination angle θ2. In other words, the first inclination angle θ1 and the second inclination angle θ2 may be larger than the third inclination angle θ3.

[0065] When the insert 1 has the above-described configuration, the coolant discharged from each opening is more likely to be supplied to the vicinity of each cutting edge more accurately.

[0066] As shown in an example in Fig. 8, the height from the lower surface 9 to the center of the first opening 25a may be defined as a first height H1. As shown in an example in Fig. 10, the height from the lower surface 9 to the center of the second opening 25b may be defined as a second height H2. As shown in an example in Fig. 12, the height from the lower surface 9 to the center of the third opening 25c may be defined as a third height H3.

[0067] Here, the center of each opening may be the central axis of outlet hole 29 to which each opening is connected or the point where each opening intersects. Specifically, the center of first opening 25a may be the point where central axis L1 of first outlet hole 29a intersects with first opening 25a. Centers may be set similarly for second opening 25b and third opening 25c.

[0068] The first height H1 and the second height H2 may be different from the third height H3. When the insert 1 has the above configuration, it is easy to adjust the position where the coolant is supplied and to supply the coolant near the cutting edge 19. Therefore, a higher cooling effect is easily obtained.

[0069] As an example shown in FIG. 5, the first length W1 and the second length W2 may be smaller than the third length W3, so the distance required to supply coolant from the third opening 25c to the corner cutting edge 19c may be longer than the distance required to supply coolant from the first opening 25a and the second opening 25b to the first cutting edge 19a and the second cutting edge 19b, respectively.

[0070] In order to supply the coolant over a longer distance, it is preferable that the height from the lower surface 9 to the opening 25 is large. Therefore, the third height H3 may be larger than the first height H1 and the second height H2. In other words, the first height H1 and the second height H2 may be smaller than the third height H3. When the insert 1 has the above-described configuration, the coolant discharged from each opening is more likely to be supplied to the vicinity of each cutting edge more accurately.

[0071] The opening 25 may have a shape with a major axis and a minor axis. Note that the major axis and minor axis here may be different from the major axis and minor axis used to define an ellipse. The major axis may mean the longest line segment that passes through the center of the shape and is bounded by the periphery of the shape. The minor axis may mean the shortest line segment that passes through the center of the shape and is bounded by the periphery of the shape.

[0072] 5, when viewed from above, the width of the opening 25 in a direction along the central axis L of the outlet hole 29 is defined as a first width G1, and this first width G1 is the major axis. Furthermore, when the width of the outlet hole 29 in a direction perpendicular to the central axis L is defined as a second width G2, this second width G2 is the minor axis.

[0073] 5, the first width G1 is the major axis and the second width G2 is the minor axis, but there is no problem if the opening 25 has a shape in which the first width G1 is the minor axis and the second width G2 is the major axis. In other words, the opening 25 only needs to have different sizes for the first width G1 and the second width G2. Also, in the example shown in FIG. 5, the first width G1 and the second width G2 are perpendicular to each other, but there is no problem if the opening 25 has a shape in which the major axis and the minor axis are not perpendicular to each other.

[0074] When the insert 1 has the above-described configuration, it is easy to reduce the pressure loss of the coolant flowing out from the opening 25. In other words, the coolant flows more easily than when the opening 25 is simply circular.

[0075] 5, in a front view (top view) of the first surface, the width of the opening 25 in a direction along the central axis L of the outlet hole 29 may be larger than the width of the opening 25 in a direction perpendicular to the central axis L of the outlet hole 29. In other words, in a top view, the first width G1 may be larger than the second width G2.

[0076] When the insert 1 has the above-described configuration, it is easy to reduce the pressure loss of the coolant flowing out from the opening 25. Furthermore, since the second width G2 is smaller and the coolant flows out in a vertically long shape, the coolant not only cools the cutting edge but also makes it easier to remove chips.

[0077] When the main body including the base portion 3 and the cutting portion 5 is integrally formed, examples of the material for the main body (base portion 3 and cutting portion 5) include inorganic materials such as cemented carbide, cermet, and ceramics. Examples of cemented carbide compositions include WC (tungsten carbide)-Co, WC-TiC (titanium carbide)-Co, and WC-TiC-TaC (tantalum carbide)-Co. WC, TiC, and TaC are hard particles, and Co is a binder phase. Cermet is a sintered composite material in which a ceramic component is combined with a metal. Specific examples of cermets include compounds whose main component is TiC or TiN (titanium nitride). However, the main body is not limited to these materials.

[0078] When the base portion 3 and the cutting portion 5 are formed separately, the base portion 3 and the cutting portion 5 may be made of different materials. Examples of the material of the base portion 3 include inorganic materials such as cemented carbide, cermet, and ceramics. The compositions of the cemented carbide and cermet are the same as those in the above examples. However, the base portion 3 is not limited to these materials.

[0079] Examples of materials for the cutting part 5 include cubic boron nitride (CBN) and diamond. Examples of diamond include polycrystalline diamond (PCD). The cutting part 5 may also contain materials other than these materials as long as it contains these materials as its main component. Note that the term "main component" here means the component with the largest content ratio by mass. However, the cutting part 5 is not limited to these materials.

[0080] The insert 1 may also be configured to include a main body containing the above-mentioned materials and a coating layer that coats the main body. Examples of materials for the coating layer include aluminum oxide (alumina), titanium carbide, nitride, oxide, carbonate, oxynitride, and oxycarbonitride. The coating layer may contain only one of the above-mentioned materials, or may contain multiple materials. The coating layer may be configured with only one layer, or may be configured with multiple layers stacked together. Note that the materials for the coating layer are not limited to these.

[0081] The coating layer can be formed on the substrate by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or physical vapor deposition (PVD). For example, when the coating layer is formed by the vapor deposition method while the substrate is held at the inner periphery of the hole, the coating layer can be formed so as to cover the entire surface of the substrate except for the inner periphery of the hole.

[0082] <Cutting tools> Next, the cutting tool 101 according to the embodiment will be described.

[0083] As shown in Figure 14, one embodiment of the cutting tool 101 may be rod-shaped extending from a first end 103a to a second end 103b, and may include a holder 103 having a pocket 105 (insert pocket) on the side of the first end 103a, and the above-mentioned insert 1 positioned in the pocket 105.

[0084] As shown in an example in FIG. 14, the pocket 105 is a portion where the insert 1 is attached, and in this case, the base portion 3 of the insert 1 may be in direct contact with the pocket 105.

[0085] As an example shown in FIG. 14, the insert 1 may be attached so that at least a part of the portion used as a cutting edge in the cutting portion 5 protrudes outward from the holder 103.

[0086] Steel, cast iron, etc. may be used as the material of holder 103. In particular, when steel is used among these materials, holder 103 has high toughness.

[0087] 14 shows an example of a cutting tool used for so-called turning. Turning includes, for example, external diameter machining, internal diameter machining, end face machining, and grooving. The cutting tool is not limited to that used for turning. For example, the insert 1 of the above embodiment may be used in a cutting tool used for milling.

[0088] <Method of manufacturing machined products> Next, a method for manufacturing a machined product according to an embodiment will be described.

[0089] The machined product can be produced by machining the workpiece 201. A manufacturing method of the machined product according to the embodiment of the present disclosure may include the following steps: (1) rotating the workpiece 201; (2) bringing a cutting tool 101, such as the one typified by the above-described embodiment, into contact with a rotating workpiece; (3) separating the cutting tool 101 from the workpiece 201; It is equipped with:

[0090] More specifically, first, as shown in an example in Fig. 15, the workpiece 201 is rotated around the axis O, and the cutting tool 101 is brought relatively close to the workpiece 201. Next, as shown in an example in Fig. 16, the ridge line (cutting edge) of the cutting tool 101 is brought into contact with the workpiece 201 to cut the workpiece 201. Then, as shown in an example in Fig. 17, the cutting tool 101 is moved relatively away from the workpiece 201.

[0091] In Fig. 15, while the axis O is fixed and the workpiece 201 is being rotated around the axis O, the cutting tool 101 is moved in the Y1 direction to approach the workpiece 201. In Fig. 16, at least a part of the corner portion 13 and the first side 15 of the insert 1, which are used as cutting edges, is brought into contact with the rotating workpiece 201, and the insert 1 is moved in the X1 direction to cut the workpiece 201. In Fig. 17, while the workpiece 201 is being rotated, the cutting tool 101 is moved in the Y2 direction to move away from the workpiece 201.

[0092] In the cutting process in the manufacturing method of the embodiment, the cutting tool 101 is moved in each step to bring the cutting tool 101 into contact with the workpiece 201 or to move the cutting tool 101 away from the workpiece 201, but of course, this is not limited to this form.

[0093] For example, in step (1), the workpiece 201 may be brought closer to the cutting tool 101. Similarly, in step (3), the workpiece 201 may be moved away from the cutting tool 101. To continue the cutting process, the workpiece 201 may be kept rotating, and the step of bringing the cutting edge of the insert 1 into contact with different locations on the workpiece 201 may be repeated.

[0094] Representative examples of the material of the workpiece 201 include hardened steel, carbon steel, alloy steel, stainless steel, cast iron, and non-ferrous metals. [Explanation of symbols]

[0095] 1. Cutting insert (insert) 3. Base part 5...Cutting part 7...1st side (top side) 9...2nd side (bottom side) 11...Third side (side) 13 Corner part 15... First side 17...Second side 19. Cutting edge 19a··First cutting edge 19b Second cutting edge 19c Corner cutting edge 21...Slope surface 23...Through hole 25...Opening 25a...1st opening 25b...Second opening 25c...Third opening 27...Inflow hole 29...Outflow hole 29a 1st outflow hole 29b...Second outflow hole 29c...Third outflow hole 31...Groove 31a...1st groove 31b...2nd groove 31c...3rd groove 33...boundary 35...Top end surface 37...Bottom end surface 39 holes 101...Cutting tools 103 Holder 103a...1st end 103b...2nd end 105···Pocket (insert pocket) 201...Work material D1: Inner diameter of first outlet hole D2: Inner diameter of the second outlet hole D3: Inner diameter of the third outlet hole G1: First width G2...Second width H1: First height H2: Second height H3: Third height L: Central axis of the outlet hole L1: Central axis of the first outlet hole L2: Central axis of the second outlet hole L3: Central axis of the third outlet hole O Rotation axis of the workpiece W1: First length W2: Second length W3: Third length θ1···1st tilt angle θ2···Second tilt angle θ3···3rd inclination angle

Claims

1. The first page and a second surface located opposite the first surface; a third surface connected to the first surface and the second surface; a cutting edge located at an intersection of the first surface and the third surface; a cutting portion having a through hole that opens in the first surface, The first surface is an inclined surface that moves away from the second surface as it moves away from the cutting edge; one or more grooves extending from the inclined surface to the cutting edge; The through hole has one or more openings that open at the inclined surface and are connected to the groove.

2. the through-hole has one or more linear outflow holes extending from the opening, The cutting insert according to claim 1 , wherein the outlet hole is inclined away from the second surface as it moves away from the opening.

3. the first surface has two or more grooves extending from the inclined surface to the cutting edge, The cutting insert according to claim 1 , wherein the through-hole has two or more openings that open on the inclined surface and are connected to the groove.

4. The first surface is Corner portion and a first side connected to the corner portion; a second side connected to the corner portion, The cutting blade is a corner cutting edge located at a corner portion of the first surface; a first cutting edge connected to the corner cutting edge; a second cutting edge connected to the corner cutting edge, The groove is a first groove extending from the inclined surface to the first cutting edge; a second groove extending from the inclined surface to the second cutting edge; a third groove extending from the inclined surface to the corner cutting edge, The opening is a first opening connected to the first groove; a second opening connected to the second groove; The cutting insert according to claim 3 , further comprising: a third opening connected to the third groove.

5. The outflow hole is a first outlet hole extending from the first opening; a second outlet hole extending from the second opening; a third outlet hole extending from the third opening, The cutting insert according to claim 4 , wherein inner diameters of the first outlet hole and the second outlet hole are larger than an inner diameter of the third outlet hole.

6. The cutting insert according to claim 5 , wherein the inclination angles of the first outlet hole and the second outlet hole are different from the inclination angle of the third outlet hole.

7. The inclination angles of the first outlet hole and the second outlet hole are each smaller than the inclination angle of the third outlet hole. The cutting insert according to claim 6 , wherein the axial length is also large.

8. 6. The cutting insert according to claim 5, wherein a height from the second surface to a center of the first opening and a height from the second surface to a center of the second opening are different from a height from the second surface to a center of the third opening.

9. 9. The cutting insert according to claim 8, wherein a height from the second surface to a center of the first opening and a height from the second surface to a center of the second opening are smaller than a height from the second surface to a center of the third opening.

10. The cutting insert of claim 1 , wherein the opening has a shape with a major axis and a minor axis.

11. the through-hole has one or more linear outflow holes extending from the opening, 11. The cutting insert according to claim 10, wherein, in a front view of the first surface, a width of the opening in a direction along the central axis of the outlet hole is larger than a width of the opening in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the outlet hole.

12. a holder extending from a first end toward a second end and having a pocket located on the first end side; and the cutting insert according to any one of claims 1 to 11 located in the pocket.

13. rotating the workpiece; bringing the cutting tool according to claim 12 into contact with the rotating workpiece; and removing the cutting tool from the workpiece.

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