Terminal, radio communication method, and base station

Abstract

To appropriately control UL transmission power.SOLUTION: A terminal according to an aspect of the present disclosure has: a receiving section that, when a scenario in which a downlink (DL) signal is received from a first transmission and reception point (TRP) and an uplink (UL) signal is transmitted to a second TRP is supported, receives a specific indication; and a control section that, on the basis of the specific indication, resets a first closed loop power control adjustment state corresponding to the first TRP, or resets a second closed loop power control adjustment state corresponding to the second TRP.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station in a next-generation mobile communication system. [Background technology]

[0002] In Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) networks, Long Term Evolution (LTE) has been specified with the aim of achieving higher data rates and lower latency (Non-Patent Document 1). Also, LTE-Advanced (3GPP Rel. 10-14) has been specified with the aim of achieving higher capacity and more advanced features than LTE (Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP (registered trademark)) Release (Rel.) 8, 9).

[0003] Successor systems to LTE (e.g., 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G+ (plus), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), New Radio (NR), 3GPP Rel. 15 or later) are also being considered. [Prior art documents] [Non-patent literature]

[0004] [Non-Patent Document 1] 3GPP TS 36.300 V8.12.0 “Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 (Release 8)”, April 2010 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] In future wireless communication systems, in order to expand UL coverage, it is being considered to install a device (e.g., an UL reception point) that mainly performs UL reception in addition to general transmission and reception points.In addition, in existing specifications, the closed-loop power control adjustment state is reset after receiving a Random Access Response (RAR).

[0006] However, the resetting of the first closed-loop power control adjustment state corresponding to the first TRP (e.g., DL transmission point) and the resetting of the second closed-loop power control adjustment state corresponding to the second TRP (e.g., UL reception point) are not clearly controlled, which may result in inappropriate control of the UL transmission power.

[0007] Therefore, one object of the present disclosure is to provide a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station that can appropriately control UL transmission power. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] A terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is characterized in that, when supporting a scenario in which a downlink (DL) signal is received from a first transmission / reception point (TRP) and an uplink (UL) signal is transmitted to a second TRP, the terminal has a receiving unit that receives a specific instruction, and a control unit that determines, based on the specific instruction, whether to reset a first closed-loop power control adjustment state corresponding to the first TRP or a second closed-loop power control adjustment state corresponding to the second TRP. [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, UL transmission power can be appropriately controlled. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0010] [Figure 1]Fig. 1A is a diagram showing an example of a typical arrangement of transmission and reception points, and Fig. 1B is a diagram showing an example of a high-density UL arrangement. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of DL / UL coverage of a Heterogeneous Network (HetNet). [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a base station according to an embodiment. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to an embodiment. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to an embodiment. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a vehicle according to an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0011] (Scenario 1: High-density UL deployment (TRP with only UL)) In Rel. 15 NR, the coverage (reaching distance) of PUSCH, PUCCH, PRACH, PDSCH, PDCCH, and PBCH is uneven. The coverage of PUSCH is limited, especially at higher frequencies. Future wireless communication systems (e.g., Rel. 18, Rel. 19, or later) are expected to improve at least one of UL coverage and UL throughput.

[0012] In order to expand UL coverage, the installation of UL receiving points in addition to general transmitting and receiving points is being considered. Here, we will explain an example of the layout of general transmitting and receiving points and an example of a layout with UL receiving points (high-density UL layout).

[0013] Figure 1A shows an example of a typical arrangement of transmission / reception points. In Figure 1A, a UE receives a DL signal from a transmission / reception point (TRP) and transmits a UL signal to the TRP. For example, if the UE and the TRP are far apart, the path loss may be large, resulting in a deterioration in communication quality.

[0014] FIG. 1B is a diagram showing an example of a high-density UL deployment. To expand UL coverage, it is being considered to provide UL reception points as shown in FIG. 1B in addition to DL transmission points. In FIG. 1B, a UE receives DL signals from a DL transmission point (TRP / Central TRP / DL TRP / Macro TRP) corresponding to a macro cell and transmits UL signals to a UL reception point (e.g., a reception point with a smaller path loss / reception power). However, the UE may also be capable of UL transmission to a DL transmission point.

[0015] By using a high-density UL deployment like that shown in Figure 1B, both coverage and UL data rates can be improved by reducing path loss, improving UL signaling quality, and obtaining higher coding rates compared to the general deployment like that shown in Figure 1A. Also, since the UL receiving point mainly performs reception, it requires fewer functions (e.g., power amplifiers) and is therefore less costly than the transmitting / receiving points corresponding to typical small cells, making deployment management much easier.

[0016] In scenario 1, UL transmission of multiple TRPs may not be supported. For example, even if there are two TCIs to be indicated, UL TCI (UL single TRP) may always be indicated to one UE.

[0017] Alternatively, in Scenario 1, multi-TRP UL transmission (e.g., TDM / FDM repetition, SDM / SFN multi-panel simultaneous transmission, or all of them) may be supported. It may be specified that one of the two UL TRPs must be a DL TRP, or one of the two UL TRPs may be a DL TRP.

[0018] (Scenario 2: Decoupling of DL TRP and UL TRP in Heterogeneous Networks) In this disclosure, a Heterogeneous Network (HetNet) using a macro Base Station (BS) (DL TRP) and a micro BS (UL TRP) may be applied (Figure 2). In a typical HetNet, the transmission power of the macro BS and the micro BS is different. Also, the optimal DL coverage and the optimal UL coverage are different. For example, DL coverage is determined by RSRP, and UL coverage is determined by path loss (PL).

[0019] In the example shown in Figure 2, the UE is included in the optimal DL coverage of the macro BS and the optimal UL coverage of the micro BS. In this case, the UE can receive DL signals from the macro BS and transmit UL signals to the micro BS. However, the UE may transmit some reference signals / channels (e.g., an SRS with an antenna switching (AS) usage, used for DL ​​CSI acquisition) to the macro BS. Therefore, the UE may require two timing advances (TAs) in this scenario. Note that the AS SRS is transmitted to the macro BS because it is used by the base station (macro BS) to measure DL CSI (e.g., to determine the DL MIMO precoder) based on the reception of the SRS using channel reciprocity. On the other hand, the codebook / non-codebook SRS is transmitted to the micro BS because it is used for PUSCH precoder / beam determination.

[0020] In HetNet, even if a micro BS has DL transmission capability, it can save energy by turning off the DL function most of the time. In this case, the function of the micro BS is similar to a UL-only TRP (UL Receiving Point).

[0021] (Path loss (PL) / PL offset reception) The UE may receive first information indicating a path loss (PL) used for transmission power control (TPC), which is estimated and notified (transmitted) by the network, via DL signaling. The DL signaling may be at least one of higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC or MAC CE) and physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI)).

[0022] The UE receives the path loss (PL b,f,c (q d ), P.L. b,f,c )(index q d The UL signal transmit power (e.g., transmit power of PUSCH / PUCCH / SRS / PRACH) for the UL receiving point / UL TRP that does not transmit downlink data may be calculated using the active UL BWP (path loss for b) of carrier f of serving cell c using the UL BWP (path loss for b).

[0023] [Option 1] The absolute path loss (PL) value [dB] for each RS index may be reported (transmitted) from the network to the UE, and the UE may use the reported absolute path loss value directly in calculating the transmit power.

[0024] [Option 2] The network may notify (transmit) a relative path loss (PL offset) value [dB] for each RS index to the UE. The UE may use the path loss value obtained by applying (adding or subtracting) the received PL offset value to the path loss value estimated from the DL RS transmitted from the DL transmission point / DL TRP to calculate the UL transmit power for the UL reception point / UL TRP.

[0025] (PL offset for PRACH) <PDCCHオーダPRACHのためのPLオフセット> The base station (gNB) can dynamically indicate the PDCCH-ordered PRACH to either the DL TRP or the UL TRP. Therefore, it is preferable that the value of the PL offset applied to the PDCCH-ordered PRACH is dynamically indicated by the PDCCH according to the target DL / UL TRP.

[0026] The UE may receive multiple PL offsets (e.g., PL offsets included in the PRACH configuration) through RRC signaling, receive a PDCCH (PDCCH order indicating a PRACH) indicating one of the multiple PL offset values, and apply the indicated PL offset value to the PRACH transmission. This process may be applied only in a specific frequency region (FR1).

[0027] The PL offset value of the PRACH may be configured separately for the PUSCH / PUCCH / SRS. For example, different PL offset values ​​may be configured for different joint / UL TCI states. For example, the gNB may configure up to M different PL offsets for M joint / UL TCI states (e.g., M=64).

[0028] On the other hand, for the PRACH, the required number of different PL offsets is determined by the number of DL / UL TRPs. Therefore, the number of PL offset values ​​configured for the PRACH can be less than the number of PUSCHs / PUCCHs / SRSs. For example, multiple PL offset values ​​may be configured for the PRACH in the PRACH configuration.

[0029] The UE may be configured with one PL offset value associated with the joint / UL TCI state or may be configured with different PL offset values ​​associated with different joint / UL TCI states by RRC signaling. The UE may update / activate / deactivate the PL offset values ​​for the joint / UL TCI states by the MAC CE.

[0030] (How to reset the closed loop for power control after PRACH) In UL power control, a value based on TPC commands of a power control adjustment state index (closed loop index) l (eg, power control adjustment state, accumulated value of TPC commands, value by closed loop) is used for UL power calculation.

[0031] In the existing specifications, the closed-loop power control adjustment state for l=0 (first closed-loop) of the PUSCH is reset at some timing after receiving a Random Access Response (RAR).

[0032] When two Timing Advance Groups (TAGs) are used, a PDCCH order based on Contention Free Random Access (CFRA) can trigger a PRACH specifically towards the first or second TRP. If two power control adjustment state indices (closed-loop indices) are configured for the PUSCH (twoPUSCH-PC-AdjustmentStates is configured), an unnecessary interruption occurs after RAR due to the existing reset mechanism when a PRACH is triggered towards the second TRP. This is because the first closed-loop index (l=0) that may be configured for the first TRP is reset, not the second closed-loop index (l=1).

[0033] To address this issue, the UE may decide whether to reset the first closed-loop power control adjustment state (l=0) or the second closed-loop power control adjustment state (l=1) based on whether the PRACH is directed to the first TRP or the second TRP.

[0034] To determine which closed-loop power control adjustment state to reset, one option may be to use the TAG indication of the RAR (e.g. the "TI" field of the MAC CE indicating one of the two TAGs corresponding to the RAR) for both inter-cell and intra-cell multi-TRP.

[0035] The PRACH association indicator in the PDCCH order may be used to determine which closed-loop power control adjustment state to reset. In case of inter-cell multi-TRP, the PRACH association indicator indicates the PCI associated with the PRACH transmission. In this case, the UE may reset the closed-loop power control adjustment state of the active TCI state associated with the same PCI as the PRACH.

[0036] In case of intra-cell multi-TRP, the PRACH related indication indicates whether a PDCCH order of the same TRP or a PDCCH order of a cross-TRP (different TRP) is used. In this case, if the PRACH related indication is 0, the UE may reset the closed-loop power control adjustment state of the active TCI state associated with the same Control Resource Set (CORESET) pool index as the DCI of the PDCCH order. If the PRACH related indication is 1, the UE may reset the closed-loop power control adjustment state of the active TCI state associated with a CORESET pool index different from the DCI of the PDCCH order.

[0037] Either option solves the problem of resetting the incorrect closed-loop power control regulation state and avoids unnecessary interruptions.

[0038] If the UE receives an RAR corresponding to a PRACH and two power control adjustment state indices (closed-loop indices) are configured for the PUSCH (twoPUSCH-PC-AdjustmentStates is configured), for a CFRA-based PDCCH order in a multi-DCI-based multi-TRP operation with two TAGs, the UE may decide whether to reset the closed-loop adjustment state to l=0 or l=1 depending on whether the PRACH is heading for the first TRP or the second TRP according to option 1 or option 2 below.

[0039] <<Option 1>> The UE may decide whether to reset the closed-loop coordination state for l=0 or l=1 based on the indication of the TAG ID in the RAR (sent by the MAC CE).

[0040] For example, if the UE is not provided with tag ID2 or if the UE is not provided with twoPUSCH-PC-AdjustmentStates, reset the closed-loop adjustment state for l=0; otherwise, if the first TAG is indicated by the random access response message, reset the closed-loop adjustment state for l=0; if the second TAG is indicated by the random access response message, reset the closed-loop adjustment state for l=1.

[0041] <<Option 2>> The UE may determine whether to reset the closed-loop coordination state to l=0 or l=1 based on the PRACH association indicator field of the DCI used for the PDCCH order PRACH.

[0042] In inter-cell multi-DCI based multi-TRP operation, the UE resets the closed-loop index of the active TCI state associated with the PCI indicated by the PRACH-related indication.

[0043] If intra-cell multi-DCI multi-TRP operation is applied and the PRACH related indication is 0, the UE may reset the closed-loop power control adjustment state corresponding to the active TCI state (the active TCI state related to the PCI indicated by the PRACH related indication) associated with the same CORESET pool index value as the PDCCH order.

[0044] If intra-cell multi-DCI multi-TRP operation applies and the PRACH association indicator is 1, the UE may reset the closed-loop power control adjustment states corresponding to the active TCI states associated with the PDCCH order and different CORESET pool index values.

[0045] Similar to option 1, if the UE is not provided with tag ID2 or if the UE is not provided with twoPUSCH-PC-AdjustmentStates, the closed-loop adjustment state for l=0 may be reset.

[0046] (analysis) As mentioned above, in order to expand UL coverage in future wireless communication systems, it is being considered to provide devices that mainly perform UL reception (e.g., UL reception points) in addition to general transmission and reception points. In addition, in existing specifications, the closed-loop power control adjustment state is reset after receiving a Random Access Response (RAR).

[0047] However, the resetting of the first closed-loop power control adjustment state corresponding to the first TRP (e.g., DL transmission point) and the resetting of the second closed-loop power control adjustment state corresponding to the second TRP (e.g., UL reception point) are not clearly controlled, which may result in inappropriate control of the UL transmission power.

[0048] Therefore, the present inventors came up with a method for appropriately controlling UL transmission power.

[0049] Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Wireless communication methods according to the embodiments may be applied independently or in combination.

[0050] (Various reading changes) In this disclosure, words enclosed in "()" in a sentence may indicate an explanation of the immediately preceding wording (for example, an explanation of spelling), a paraphrase, a specific example, a supplementary explanation, etc. Also, in this disclosure, words enclosed in "[ ]" in a sentence may be interpreted including the meaning of the entire sentence, or may be interpreted excluding the meaning of the entire sentence (ignoring the meaning of the entire sentence). Note that "()" and "[ ]" may also be used for purposes / meanings other than those mentioned above.

[0051] In the present disclosure, "A / B" and "at least one of A and B" may be interpreted interchangeably. Also, in the present disclosure, "A / B / C" may mean "at least one of A, B, and C."

[0052] In the present disclosure, terms such as notify, activate, deactivate, indicate (or indicate), select, configure, update, and determine may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, terms such as support, control, controllable, operate, and operate may be interchangeable.

[0053] In the present disclosure, Radio Resource Control (RRC), RRC parameters, RRC messages, higher layer parameters, fields, information elements (IEs), settings, etc. may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, Medium Access Control (MAC) control elements (CEs), update commands, activation / deactivation commands, etc. may be interchangeable.

[0054] In the present disclosure, the higher layer signaling may be, for example, any one of Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information, other messages (e.g., messages from the core network such as positioning protocol (e.g., NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa) / LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP)) messages), or a combination thereof.

[0055] In the present disclosure, MAC signaling may use, for example, a MAC Control Element (MAC CE), a MAC Protocol Data Unit (PDU), etc. Broadcast information may be, for example, a Master Information Block (MIB), a System Information Block (SIB), Remaining Minimum System Information (RMSI), Other System Information (OSI), etc.

[0056] In the present disclosure, physical layer signaling may be, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI), and the like.

[0057] In this disclosure, the terms drop, abort, cancel, puncture, rate match, postpone, do not transmit, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0058] The UL reception point may be connected to a TRP (e.g., a base station) or a core network via wired or wireless connections. The UL reception point may be treated as a network (NW) or a base station. The UL reception point may be capable of transmitting downlink (DL) signals (e.g., PL values) and may be applied to base stations forming a macrocell. For example, the UL reception point may not transmit downlink data but may transmit control signals / channels.

[0059] In this disclosure, the terms base station, second TRP, TRP, UL receiving point, UL TRP, UL only TRP, micro cell, micro BS, micro TRP, and TRP that does not transmit PL-RS may be interchangeable. An UL receiving point mainly performs UL reception. An UL receiving point may perform only UL reception, or may perform UL reception and DL transmission.

[0060] In the present disclosure, the terms base station, first TRP, TRP, DL transmission point, DL TRP, DL only TRP, UL / DL TRP, macro cell, macro BS, macro TRP, central TRP, and TRP transmitting PL-RS may be interchangeable. A DL transmission point mainly performs DL transmission. A DL transmission point may perform only DL transmission, or may perform UL reception and DL transmission.

[0061] In the present disclosure, UL high density deployment, distributed TRP mode, separated location mode of transmitting / receiving points, distributed transmitting / receiving mode, separated TRP mode, TRP type 1, TRP type 2, TRP type A, and TRP type B may be read as interchangeable.

[0062] In the present disclosure, the terms absolute PL, path loss (PL), PL value, PL parameter, PL RS, and PL RSID may be interchangeable. OThe offset of , the offset of α, the offset of power / power density [x dBm], and the difference between the PL for the DL transmission point and the PL for the UL reception point may be interpreted as interchangeable.

[0063] In the present disclosure, using / applying a PL offset may mean using a PL value obtained by applying (adding or subtracting) a PL offset to a PL value estimated / calculated based on a DL RS transmitted from a DL transmission point / DL TRP or a received PL value, in calculating the transmit power of a UL signal (e.g., PUCCH / PUSCH / PRACH / SRS) to be transmitted to a UL reception point / UL TRP. The PL offset and PL offset value may be interpreted as interchangeable.

[0064] The base station (gNB) in the present disclosure may be a DL transmission point or a UL reception point, or may be a base station above a DL transmission point or a UL reception point (capable of communicating with a DL transmission point / UL reception point).

[0065] PRACH, PDCCH-ordered PRACH, and PRACH transmission may be interchangeable. PDCCH-ordered PRACH may refer to a PRACH indicated by a PDCCH / DCI.

[0066] The TCI state, joint / UL TCI state, UL TCI state, DL TCI state, and joint / DL TCI state may be interchangeable. The PDCCH and DCI may be interchangeable. The PDCCH order PRACH, PRACH, and PRACH indicated by PDCCH / DCI may be interchangeable.

[0067] In the present disclosure, the terms TCI state indicated by DCI, indicated TCI state, indicated TCI state, unified TCI state, TCI state according to unified TCI state, TCI state applied to multiple types of channels / signals, joint TCI state for DL ​​and UL, DL TCI state, UL TCI state, Rel.17 TCI state, common TCI state, single unified TCI state to be configured, and single unified TCI state to be activated may be read as interchangeable.

[0068] In the present disclosure, the terms closed-loop power control adjustment state, power control adjustment state, value of closed-loop (power control adjustment state) index l based on a TPC command, accumulated value of TPC commands, value by a closed loop, and closed-loop index may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0069] The closed-loop power adjustment state for l=0, the first closed-loop power control adjustment state, and the closed-loop power adjustment state corresponding to the first TRP / DL transmission point / DL TRP may be interchangeable. The closed-loop power adjustment state for l=1, the second closed-loop power control adjustment state, and the closed-loop power adjustment state corresponding to the second TRP / UL transmission point / UL TRP may be interchangeable.

[0070] In the present disclosure, resetting, returning to an initial value, and setting to 0 may be read interchangeably.

[0071] (Wireless communication method) When the UE supports a scenario in which it receives a DL signal from a first TRP (e.g., a DL transmission point) and transmits a UL signal to a second TRP (e.g., a UL reception point) (see, for example, FIG. 1B or FIG. 2), the UE may receive a specific instruction and determine whether to reset a first closed-loop power control adjustment state (corresponding to l=0) corresponding to the first TRP or a second closed-loop power control adjustment state (corresponding to l=1) corresponding to the second TRP based on the specific instruction. The specific instruction will be described in detail in the first and second embodiments.

[0072] The present disclosure may assume, for example, an asymmetric Het Net scenario / asymmetric DL single TRP / UL multi-TRP deployment scenario.

[0073] <0th embodiment> Any of the options or embodiments described above (Method for resetting a closed loop for power control after a PRACH) may be applied if at least one of the following functions is applied:

[0074] Function 1-1: Two TAs (i.e., one indicated TCI) of the Rel 17 Unified TCI Framework are used for a single TRP.

[0075] Feature 1-2: Two TAs for Rel 18. Unified TCI framework for single DCI multi-TRP (i.e., two directed TCIs).

[0076] Function 2-1: A new 1-bit field indicating whether a PL offset is applied for the Rel 17 unified TCI framework (i.e., one indicated TCI) of a single TRP. The new 1-bit field is included in the PDCCH (DCI) indicating the PRACH. This 1-bit field may be used to indicate whether a PL offset associated with one indicated TCI is applied to a PDCCH-ordered PRACH.

[0077] Function 2-2: A new 1-bit field indicating PL offset selection for the Rel 18 unified TCI framework (i.e., two indicated TCIs) for single DCI multi-TRP. The new 1-bit field is included in the PDCCH (DCI) indicating the PRACH. This 1-bit field may be used to select / indicate which of the two indicated TCIs (TCIs) the PL offset associated with should be applied to the PDCCH-ordered PRACH.

[0078] Feature 3: Other features related to asymmetric Het Net scenarios (PL offset, two closed-loop power control adjustment states for SRS separate from PUSCH, two TAs without CORESET pool index).

[0079] Each embodiment may be applied only if the corresponding RRC parameter (e.g., a new RRC parameter that enables resetting of the two closed-loop power control adjustment states, or an RRC parameter that enables at least one of the above features) is configured.

[0080] Each embodiment may be applied together with at least one of the following (1) to (3). (1) Two TAs for Rel.18 Multi-DCI Multi-TRP. (2) Two TAs for Rel.18 single DCI multi-TRP. (3) Two TAs for Rel.18 single TRP.

[0081] In the present disclosure, different embodiments may be applied to different scenarios (e.g., intra-cell single TRP, intra-cell single DCI multi-TRP, inter-cell single TRP, inter-cell single DCI multi-TRP).

[0082] First Embodiment Option 1 of (Method for resetting a closed loop for power control after PRACH) may be applied. For example, only when at least one function of the 0th embodiment is configured, the contents of (Method for resetting a closed loop for power control after PRACH) (particularly option 1) may be applied.

[0083] That is, the UE may receive an indication of a Timing Advance Group (TAG) ID included in a Random Access Response (RAR) [sent by a MAC CE], and determine whether to reset the first closed-loop power control adjustment state (corresponding to l=0) or the second closed-loop power control adjustment state (corresponding to l=1) based on the indication. That is, the specific indication is an indication of a TAG ID included in the RAR.

[0084] According to this embodiment, the UE can reset the appropriate closed-loop power control adjustment state, and since the TAG ID of the RAR is used, there is no need to add new information for instructions.

[0085] <Second embodiment> Option 2 of (method for resetting a closed loop for power control after PRACH) may be applied. For example, option 2 of (method for resetting a closed loop for power control after PRACH) may be applied only when at least one function of the 0th embodiment is configured. Instead of the "PRACH-related indication field" of DCI, a specific (for example, 1-bit) field of DCI may be applied that indicates whether or not to apply / select a TRP / PL offset related to the PDCCH order PRACH.

[0086] That is, the UE may receive a DCI used for the PDCCH order PRACH, and determine whether to reset the first closed-loop power control adjustment state (corresponding to l=0) or the second closed-loop power control adjustment state (corresponding to l=1) based on the PRACH association indicator field of the DCI or a specific (e.g., 1-bit) DCI field indicating the TRP / PL offset corresponding to the DCI.

[0087] That is, when DCI used for PDCCH order PRACH (DCI indicating PRACH) is received, the specific indication is a PRACH-related indication field in the DCI or a specific field indicating a TRP / PL offset in the DCI. For example, at least one of the following cases may be applied:

[0088] <<Case 1>> If intra-cell single TRP is applied (i.e., one indicated TCI associated with the PCI of the serving cell is used), the following processing may be performed depending on the value of a specific field of the DCI:

[0089] The UE may reset the closed-loop power control adjustment state (closed-loop power control adjustment state with l=0) of the active TCI state associated with the DL TRP (i.e., the TCI state with PL offset=0 dB or the TCI state with no PL offset configured) if the value of a specific field of the DCI is 0.

[0090] If the value of a particular field of the DCI is 1, the UE may reset the closed-loop power control adjustment state (closed-loop power control adjustment state with l=1) of the active TCI state associated with the UL TRP (i.e., the TCI state configured with a PL offset other than 0 dB).

[0091] <<Case 2>> If intra-cell single DCI multi-TRP is applied (i.e., there are two indicated TCIs associated with the PCI of the serving cell), the following processing may be performed depending on the value of a specific field of the DCI:

[0092] The UE may reset the closed-loop power control adjustment state (or the closed-loop power control adjustment state for l=0) of the active TCI state associated with the first TRP (e.g., the TCI state associated with TAG ID=0) if the value of a specific field of the DCI is 0.

[0093] The UE may reset the closed-loop power control adjustment state (or the closed-loop power control adjustment state for l=1) of the active TCI state associated with the second TRP (e.g., the TCI state associated with TAG ID=1) if the value of a specific field of the DCI is 1.

[0094] <<Case 3>> The UE may reset the closed-loop power control adjustment state of the active TCI state associated with the PCI indicated by the PRACH-related indication field if inter-cell single TRP is applied (i.e., there is an indicated TCI associated with a PCI other than the PCI of the serving cell).

[0095] <<Case 4>> If inter-cell single DCI multi-TRP is applied (i.e., there are two indicated TCIs associated with PCIs other than the PCI of the serving cell), the UE may reset the closed-loop power control adjustment state of the active TCI state associated with the PCI indicated by the PRACH-related indication field.

[0096] According to this embodiment, the UE can reset the appropriate closed-loop power control adjustment state in various scenarios.

[0097] <Third embodiment> When the UE receives DCI used for PDCCH-ordered PRACH, after the RAR, it may reset both the first closed-loop power control adjustment state (l = 0) and the second closed-loop power control adjustment state (l = 1).

[0098] <Variation> The UE receives a PL offset for PRACH transmission (e.g., by RRC signaling), and when it receives DCI (PDCCH order) containing an instruction regarding PRACH, it may perform PRACH transmission power calculation based on the PL offset and control PRACH transmission. The UE may determine whether to apply the PL offset corresponding to the indicated TCI state to PRACH transmission and which PL offset to apply to PRACH transmission based on a specific field in the DCI. This specific field may be common with the specific field of the second embodiment.

[0099] When the value of a specific field in the DCI is 0, the UE may not apply the PL offset corresponding to the indicated TCI state to PRACH transmission. When the value of the specific field in the DCI is 1, the UE may apply the PL offset corresponding to the indicated TCI state to PRACH transmission.

[0100] <Supplement> <<Notification of Information to the UE>> Notification of any information from the [Network (NW) (e.g., Base Station (BS))] to the UE in the above-described embodiment (or in other words, reception of any information from the BS by the UE) may be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI), upper layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), specific signals / channels (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH, reference signals), or a combination thereof.

[0101] When the notification is performed by a MAC CE, the MAC CE may be identified by including a new Logical Channel ID (LCID) in the MAC subheader, which is not defined in existing standards.

[0102] When the notification is made by DCI, the notification may be made by a specific field of the DCI, a Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) used to scramble the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) bits assigned to the DCI, the format of the DCI, etc.

[0103] In addition, notification of any information to the UE in the above embodiments may be performed periodically, semi-persistently (triggered by an instruction from the UE or gNB), or aperiodically (triggered by an instruction from the UE or gNB).

[0104] In the above embodiment, the UE may receive information from the NW as at least one of the following QCL rules: QCL Type A. QCL Type B. QCL Type C. QCL Type D.

[0105] In the above-described embodiments, the QCL source RS for each QCL type may be at least one of the following several RSs: ·SSB. · CSI-RS with / without repetition. ·TRS. ·DMRS for PDCCH / PDSCH.

[0106] In the above embodiment, the information from the NW may be set / instructed by the following method. Common to multiple UEs or individual to each UE. - Cell specific or common to multiple cells. ·Per UE / Per CC / Per BWP / Per band / Per cell / Per cell group (CG).

[0107] <<Notification of information from UE>> Notification of any information from the UE to the [NW] in the above embodiments (or, equivalently, transmission / reporting of any information from the UE to the BS) may be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., UCI), upper layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), specific signals / channels (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH, PRACH, reference signals), or a combination thereof.

[0108] When the above notification is performed by MAC CE, the MAC CE may be identified by including a new LCID not defined in existing standards in the MAC subheader.

[0109] When the above notification is performed by UCI, the above notification may be transmitted using PUCCH or PUSCH.

[0110] Also, notification of any information from the UE in the above embodiments may be performed periodically, semi-persistently (triggered by an instruction from the UE or gNB), or aperiodically (triggered by an instruction from the UE or gNB).

[0111] <<Regarding the application of each embodiment>> In the UE / BS, specific (one or more) processing / operations / controls / assumptions / information regarding at least one of the above embodiments may be applied (used) when any one or a plurality of the following conditions are satisfied: · An upper layer parameter indicating the above specific processing / operation / control / assumption / information is set, · The above specific processing / operation / control / assumption / information is determined based on a related upper layer parameter, The above specific processes / actions / controls / assumptions / information are specified / activated / triggered by MAC CE / DCI / UCI / resources / channels / RS, Reporting or supporting specific UE capabilities indicating (or relating to) the above specific processes / actions / controls / assumptions / information; · The application of the above specific processing / action / control / assumption / information is judged based on specific conditions.

[0112] The specific UE capabilities may indicate at least one of the following: Supporting the above specific processes / actions / controls / assumptions / information; Support for a single TRP within a cell; Support single DCI multi-TRP within a cell; Support for single TRP between cells; · Supports inter-cell single DCI multi-TRP.

[0113] In the present disclosure, the terms "supporting" and "whether to support" may be read interchangeably.

[0114] Furthermore, the above-mentioned specific UE capability may be a capability that is applied across all frequencies (commonly regardless of frequency), or may be a capability for each frequency (e.g., one or a combination of a cell, band, band combination, BWP, component carrier, etc.), or may be a capability for each frequency range (e.g., Frequency Range 1 (FR1), FR2, FR3, FR4, FR5, FR2-1, FR2-2), or may be a capability for each subcarrier spacing (SubCarrier Spacing (SCS)), or may be a capability for each Feature Set (FS) or Feature Set Per Component-carrier (FSPC).

[0115] Furthermore, the specific UE capability may be a capability that is applied across all duplexing methods (commonly regardless of the duplexing method), or may be a capability for each duplexing method (for example, Time Division Duplex (TDD) or Frequency Division Duplex (FDD)).

[0116] If the above conditions are not met, the UE / BS may follow the behavior specified in existing 3GPP releases.

[0117] (Addendum) The following inventions are added regarding one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Appendix 1] A receiver for receiving specific instructions when supporting a scenario in which a downlink (DL) signal is received from a first transmission / reception point (TRP) and an uplink (UL) signal is transmitted to a second TRP; A control unit that determines whether to reset a first closed-loop power control adjustment state corresponding to the first TRP or reset a second closed-loop power control adjustment state corresponding to the second TRP based on the specific instruction; A terminal having: [Appendix 2] The specific instruction is an instruction for a Timing Advance Group (TAG) ID included in a Random Access Response (RAR). The device described in Appendix 1. [Appendix 3] The receiving unit receives Downlink Control Information (DCI) indicating a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH); The specific instruction is an instruction in a PRACH-related instruction field in the DCI. A device as described in Appendix 1 or Appendix 2. [Appendix 4] The receiving unit receives DCI indicating a PRACH; The specific indication is an indication of a specific field indicating a PL offset in the DCI 1. A terminal according to any one of Supplementary Note 1 to Supplementary Note 3.

[0118] (wireless communication system) The configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below. In this wireless communication system, communication is performed using any one of the wireless communication methods according to the above embodiments of the present disclosure or a combination thereof.

[0119] 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment. The wireless communication system 1 (which may be simply referred to as system 1) may be a system that realizes communication using Long Term Evolution (LTE), 5th generation mobile communication system New Radio (5G NR), or the like, which are specified by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0120] The wireless communication system 1 may also support dual connectivity between multiple Radio Access Technologies (RATs) (Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC)). MR-DC may include dual connectivity between LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)), dual connectivity between NR and LTE (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC)), etc.

[0121] In EN-DC, the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the master node (MN), and the NR base station (gNB) is the secondary node (SN). In NE-DC, the NR base station (gNB) is the MN, and the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the SN.

[0122] The wireless communication system 1 may support dual connectivity between multiple base stations within the same RAT (for example, dual connectivity in which both the MN and the SN are NR base stations (gNBs) (NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC))).

[0123] The wireless communication system 1 may include a base station 11 that forms a macrocell C1 with a relatively wide coverage, and base stations 12 (12a-12c) that are located within the macrocell C1 and form small cells C2 that are smaller than the macrocell C1. A user terminal 20 may be located within at least one of the cells. The location, number, shape, size, etc. of each cell and user terminal 20 are not limited to the embodiment shown in the figure. Hereinafter, when there is no need to distinguish between the base stations 11 and 12, they will be collectively referred to as base station 10.

[0124] The wireless communication system 1 may utilize Multi Input Multi Output (MIMO). For example, one cell may be formed by one antenna / base station 10, or may be formed by multiple antennas / base stations 10. One [virtual] cell (which may be called, for example, a super cell) may be composed of multiple [virtual] cells (which may be called, for example, sub-cells). A super cell may correspond to a cell whose physical range is fixed, and a sub-cell may correspond to a cell whose physical range varies semi-statically / dynamically. In this case, the wireless communication system 1 may be called a cell-free system.

[0125] The user terminal 20 may be connected to at least one of the multiple base stations 10. The user terminal 20 may utilize at least one of carrier aggregation (CA) using multiple component carriers (CC) and dual connectivity (DC).

[0126] Each CC may be included in at least one of a first frequency band (Frequency Range 1 (FR1)) and a second frequency band (Frequency Range 2 (FR2)). The macro cell C1 may be included in FR1, and the small cell C2 may be included in FR2. For example, FR1 may be a frequency band of 6 GHz or less (sub-6 GHz), and FR2 may be a frequency band above 24 GHz (above-24 GHz). Note that the frequency bands and definitions of FR1 and FR2 are not limited to these, and for example, FR1 may be a frequency band higher than FR2.

[0127] Furthermore, the user terminal 20 may perform communication using at least one of Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) in each CC.

[0128] The multiple base stations 10 may be connected by wire (for example, optical fiber conforming to the Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), an X2 / Xn interface, etc.) or wirelessly (for example, NR communication). For example, when NR communication is used as a backhaul between the base stations 11 and 12, the base station 11 corresponding to the upper station may be called an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) donor, and the base station 12 corresponding to the relay station (relay) may be called an IAB node.

[0129] The base station 10 may be connected to the core network 30 directly or via another base station 10. The core network 30 may include, for example, at least one of an Evolved Packet Core (EPC), a 5G Core Network (5GCN), a Next Generation Core (NGC), and the like.

[0130] The core network 30 may include network functions (NFs) such as a User Plane Function (UPF), an Access and Mobility management Function (AMF), a Session Management Function (SMF), a Unified Data Management (UDM), an Application Function (AF), a Data Network (DN), a Location Management Function (LMF), and an Operation, Administration and Maintenance (Management) (OAM). Note that a single network node may provide multiple functions. Furthermore, communication with an external network (e.g., the Internet) may be performed via the DN.

[0131] The user terminal 20 may be a terminal compatible with at least one of communication methods such as LTE, LTE-A, and 5G.

[0132] An Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)-based radio access scheme may be used in the radio communication system 1. For example, Cyclic Prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM), Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), or the like may be used in at least one of the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL).

[0133] The radio access scheme may also be called a waveform. Note that in the wireless communication system 1, other radio access schemes (for example, other single-carrier transmission schemes, other multi-carrier transmission schemes) may be used as the UL and DL radio access schemes.

[0134] In the wireless communication system 1, a downlink shared channel (Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)) shared by each user terminal 20, a broadcast channel (Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)), a downlink control channel (Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)), etc. may be used as the downlink channel.

[0135] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, an uplink shared channel (Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)) shared by each user terminal 20, an uplink control channel (Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)), a random access channel (Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)), etc. may be used as an uplink channel.

[0136] The PDSCH transmits user data, higher layer control information, System Information Block (SIB), etc. The PUSCH may transmit user data, higher layer control information, etc. Furthermore, the PBCH may transmit Master Information Block (MIB).

[0137] Lower layer control information may be transmitted by the PDCCH. The lower layer control information may include, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI) including scheduling information for at least one of the PDSCH and the PUSCH.

[0138] Note that the DCI for scheduling the PDSCH may be referred to as a DL assignment, a DL DCI, etc., and the DCI for scheduling the PUSCH may be referred to as an UL grant, a UL DCI, etc. Note that the PDSCH may be interpreted as DL data, and the PUSCH may be interpreted as UL data.

[0139] A control resource set (CORESET) and a search space may be used to detect the PDCCH. The CORESET corresponds to resources to search for DCI. The search space corresponds to a search region and a search method for PDCCH candidates. One CORESET may be associated with one or more search spaces. The UE may monitor a CORESET associated with a certain search space based on the search space configuration.

[0140] One search space may correspond to PDCCH candidates corresponding to one or more aggregation levels. One or more search spaces may be called a search space set. Note that the terms "search space," "search space set," "search space setting," "search space set setting," "CORESET," "CORESET setting," etc. in the present disclosure may be read interchangeably.

[0141] The PUCCH may transmit uplink control information (UCI) including at least one of channel state information (CSI), acknowledgement information (which may be called, for example, Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest ACKnowledgement (HARQ-ACK), ACK / NACK, etc.), and scheduling request (SR). The PRACH may transmit a random access preamble for establishing a connection with a cell.

[0142] In the present disclosure, downlink, uplink, etc. may be expressed without adding "link." Also, various channels may be expressed without adding "Physical" to the beginning.

[0143] In the wireless communication system 1, a synchronization signal (SS), a downlink reference signal (DL-RS), etc. may be transmitted. In the wireless communication system 1, a cell-specific reference signal (CRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a positioning reference signal (PRS), a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS), etc. may be transmitted as DL-RS.

[0144] The synchronization signal may be, for example, at least one of a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) and a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS). A signal block including the SS (PSS, SSS) and the PBCH (and DMRS for the PBCH) may be referred to as an SS / PBCH block, an SS Block (SSB), or the like. Note that the SS, SSB, and the like may also be referred to as reference signals.

[0145] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, a sounding reference signal (SRS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), etc. may be transmitted as an uplink reference signal (UL-RS). Note that the DMRS may also be called a user equipment-specific reference signal (UE-specific reference signal).

[0146] (base station) 4 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a base station according to an embodiment. The base station 10 includes a control unit 110, a transceiver unit 120, a transceiver antenna 130, and a transmission line interface 140. Note that the base station may include one or more of each of the control unit 110, the transceiver unit 120, the transceiver antenna 130, and the transmission line interface 140.

[0147] In this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of the present embodiment are mainly shown, and it may be assumed that the base station 10 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may be omitted.

[0148] The control unit 110 performs overall control of the base station 10. The control unit 110 can be configured from a controller, a control circuit, and the like that are explained based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates.

[0149] The control unit 110 may control signal generation, scheduling (e.g., resource allocation, mapping), etc. The control unit 110 may control transmission and reception using the transceiver unit 120, the transceiver antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140, measurement, etc. The control unit 110 may generate data to be transmitted as signals, control information, sequences, etc., and transfer them to the transceiver unit 120. The control unit 110 may perform call processing (setting up, releasing, etc.) of communication channels, status management of the base station 10, management of radio resources, etc.

[0150] The transceiver unit 120 may include a baseband unit 121, a radio frequency (RF) unit 122, and a measurement unit 123. The baseband unit 121 may include a transmission processing unit 1211 and a reception processing unit 1212. The transceiver unit 120 may be configured with a transmitter / receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measurement circuit, a transceiver circuit, etc., which are described based on common understanding in the technical field related to the present disclosure.

[0151] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or may be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may be composed of a transmission processing unit 1211 and an RF unit 122. The receiving unit may be composed of a reception processing unit 1212, an RF unit 122, and a measurement unit 123.

[0152] The transmitting and receiving antenna 130 can be configured from an antenna described based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure pertains, such as an array antenna.

[0153] The transceiver 120 may transmit the above-mentioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transceiver 120 may receive the above-mentioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0154] The transceiver 120 may form at least one of a transmission beam and a reception beam using digital beamforming (for example, precoding), analog beamforming (for example, phase rotation), or the like.

[0155] The transceiver 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) may perform Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer processing, Radio Link Control (RLC) layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), Medium Access Control (MAC) layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc. on data, control information, etc. obtained from the control unit 110, and generate a bit string to be transmitted.

[0156] The transceiver 120 (transmission processor 1211) may perform transmission processing such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) processing (if necessary), Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion on the bit string to be transmitted, and output a baseband signal.

[0157] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform modulation to a radio frequency band, filtering, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal, and transmit the radio frequency band signal via the transmitting / receiving antenna .

[0158] On the other hand, the transmitting / receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc. on the radio frequency band signal received by the transmitting / receiving antenna .

[0159] The transceiver 120 (reception processing unit 1212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) processing, Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal, thereby acquiring user data, etc.

[0160] The transceiver 120 (measurement unit 123) may perform measurements on the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 123 may perform Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurements, Channel State Information (CSI) measurements, etc. based on the received signal. The measurement unit 123 may measure received power (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)), received quality (e.g., Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)), signal strength (e.g., Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 110.

[0161] The transmission path interface 140 may transmit and receive signals (backhaul signaling) between devices included in the core network 30 (e.g., network nodes providing NFs), other base stations 10, etc., and may acquire and transmit user data (user plane data), control plane data, etc. for the user terminal 20.

[0162] The transmitting section and receiving section of the base station 10 in the present disclosure may be configured by at least one of the transmitting / receiving section 120, the transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140.

[0163] The base station 10 may be separated into three elements: a radio unit (RU), a distributed unit (DU), and a central unit (CU). For example, the RU may perform RF processing (digital beamforming, digital-to-analog conversion, analog beamforming, etc.) and lower-level functions of the physical layer (precoding, IFFT, FFT, etc.). The DU may perform higher-level functions of the physical layer (coding to resource element mapping, etc.), MAC layer functions, and RLC layer functions. The CU may perform PDCP layer, Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer, and RRC layer functions.

[0164] In the present disclosure, the base station 10 may include a single device that implements all of the functions of the RU, DU, and CU, or may include multiple devices that each implement some of the functions of the RU, DU, and CU and are connected to each other. In the present disclosure, the base station 10 may be interchangeably read as RU / DU / CU.

[0165] The transceiver 120 may send specific instructions if it supports a scenario in which it receives a downlink (DL) signal from a first transceiver point (TRP) and transmits an uplink (UL) signal to a second TRP.

[0166] The control unit 110 may determine whether to reset the first closed-loop power control adjustment state or the second closed-loop power control adjustment state based on the specific instruction, and may control reception of a UL signal using the first closed-loop power control adjustment state or the second closed-loop power control adjustment state.

[0167] (user terminal) 5 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to one embodiment. The user terminal 20 includes a control unit 210, a transceiver unit 220, and a transceiver antenna 230. Note that the user terminal 20 may include one or more of each of the control unit 210, the transceiver unit 220, and the transceiver antenna 230.

[0168] Note that this example mainly shows functional blocks of the characteristic parts of the present embodiment, and it may be assumed that the user terminal 20 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may be omitted.

[0169] The control unit 210 performs overall control of the user terminal 20. The control unit 210 can be configured from a controller, a control circuit, and the like that are explained based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates.

[0170] The control unit 210 may control signal generation, mapping, etc. The control unit 210 may also control transmission and reception, measurement, etc. using the transceiver unit 220 and the transceiver antenna 230. The control unit 210 may generate data, control information, sequences, etc. to be transmitted as signals, and transfer them to the transceiver unit 220.

[0171] The transceiver unit 220 may include a baseband unit 221, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223. The baseband unit 221 may include a transmission processing unit 2211 and a reception processing unit 2212. The transceiver unit 220 may be configured from a transmitter / receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measurement circuit, a transceiver circuit, etc., which are described based on common understanding in the technical field related to the present disclosure.

[0172] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or may be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may be composed of a transmission processing unit 2211 and an RF unit 222. The receiving unit may be composed of a reception processing unit 2212, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223.

[0173] The transmitting / receiving antenna 230 can be configured as an antenna described based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure pertains, such as an array antenna.

[0174] The transceiver 220 may receive the above-mentioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transceiver 220 may transmit the above-mentioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0175] The transceiver 220 may form at least one of a transmission beam and a reception beam using digital beamforming (for example, precoding), analog beamforming (for example, phase rotation), or the like.

[0176] The transceiver 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform PDCP layer processing, RLC layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), MAC layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc. on data, control information, etc. obtained from the control unit 210, and generate a bit string to be transmitted.

[0177] The transceiver 220 (transmission processor 2211) may perform transmission processing such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, DFT processing (if necessary), IFFT processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion on the bit string to be transmitted, and output a baseband signal.

[0178] Whether or not to apply DFT processing may be based on the setting of transform precoding. When transform precoding is enabled for a certain channel (e.g., PUSCH), the transceiver unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform DFT processing as the transmission processing to transmit the channel using a DFT-s-OFDM waveform, and when transform precoding is not enabled, the transceiver unit 220 may not perform DFT processing as the transmission processing.

[0179] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform modulation to a radio frequency band, filtering, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal, and transmit the radio frequency band signal via the transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0180] On the other hand, the transmitting / receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc. on the radio frequency band signal received by the transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0181] The transceiver 220 (reception processing unit 2212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, FFT processing, IDFT processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal to acquire user data, etc.

[0182] The transceiver 220 (measurement unit 223) may perform measurements on the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 223 may perform RRM measurement, CSI measurement, etc. based on the received signal. The measurement unit 223 may measure received power (e.g., RSRP), received quality (e.g., RSRQ, SINR, SNR), signal strength (e.g., RSSI), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 210.

[0183] The measurement unit 223 may derive channel measurements for CSI calculation based on the channel measurement resources. The channel measurement resources may be, for example, non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS resources. The measurement unit 223 may also derive interference measurements for CSI calculation based on the interference measurement resources. The interference measurement resources may be at least one of an NZP CSI-RS resource for interference measurement, a CSI-Interference Measurement (IM) resource, etc. Note that CSI-IM may be referred to as CSI-Interference Management (IM) or may be interchangeably read as Zero Power (ZP) CSI-RS. Note that in the present disclosure, CSI-RS, NZP CSI-RS, ZP CSI-RS, CSI-IM, CSI-SSB, etc. may be interchangeably read as interchangeable.

[0184] The transmitting section and receiving section of the user terminal 20 in the present disclosure may be configured by at least one of the transmitting / receiving section 220 and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0185] The transceiver unit 220 may perform at least some of the processing of the transmitter / receiver units described in the above appendix.

[0186] The control unit 210 may perform at least a part of the processing of the control unit described in the above-mentioned supplementary notes.

[0187] (Hardware configuration) The block diagrams used to explain the above embodiments show functional blocks. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, the method for realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using a single device that is physically or logically coupled, or may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are directly or indirectly connected (for example, using wires, wirelessly, etc.) and these multiple devices. The functional block may also be realized by combining the single device or multiple devices with software.

[0188] Here, the functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, determination, judgment, calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, election, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, deeming, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assignment. For example, a functional block (component) that performs transmission may be called a transmitting unit, transmitter, etc. As mentioned above, the implementation method of each is not particularly limited.

[0189] For example, a base station, a user terminal, etc. according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer that performs processing of the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to an embodiment. The above-described base station 10 and user terminal 20 may be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, etc.

[0190] In this disclosure, terms such as apparatus, circuit, device, section, unit, etc. may be read interchangeably. The hardware configurations of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include one or more of the devices shown in the drawings, or may be configured to exclude some of the devices.

[0191] For example, although only one processor 1001 is shown, there may be multiple processors. Furthermore, processing may be performed by one processor, or processing may be performed by two or more processors simultaneously, serially, or in other ways. Furthermore, processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips.

[0192] Each function in the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 is realized, for example, by loading predetermined software (programs) onto hardware such as a processor 1001 and a memory 1002, causing the processor 1001 to perform calculations, control communication via the communication device 1004, and control at least one of reading and writing data in the memory 1002 and the storage 1003.

[0193] The processor 1001, for example, runs an operating system to control the entire computer. The processor 1001 may be configured as a central processing unit (CPU) including an interface with peripheral devices, a control device, an arithmetic unit, a register, etc. For example, at least a part of the above-mentioned control unit 110 (210), transmission / reception unit 120 (220), etc. may be realized by the processor 1001.

[0194] The processor 1001 also reads programs (program codes), software modules, data, etc. from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002, and executes various processes in accordance with these. The programs used are those that cause a computer to execute at least some of the operations described in the above-described embodiments. For example, the control unit 110 (210) may be realized by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and running on the processor 1001, and the other functional blocks may be realized in a similar manner.

[0195] The memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be configured by at least one of, for example, a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a random access memory (RAM), or other suitable storage medium. The memory 1002 may also be referred to as a register, a cache, a main memory, or the like. The memory 1002 may store executable programs (program codes), software modules, and the like for implementing a wireless communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0196] Storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be constituted by at least one of, for example, a flexible disk, a floppy disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disc (e.g., a Compact Disc ROM (CD-ROM)), a digital versatile disc, a Blu-ray disc), a removable disk, a hard disk drive, a smart card, a flash memory device (e.g., a card, stick, key drive), a magnetic stripe, a database, a server, or other suitable storage medium. Storage 1003 may also be referred to as a secondary storage device.

[0197] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmission / reception device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as, for example, a network device, a network controller, a network card, or a communication module. The communication device 1004 may be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. to realize at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). For example, the above-mentioned transmission / reception unit 120 (220), transmission / reception antenna 130 (230), etc. may be realized by the communication device 1004. The transmission / reception unit 120 (220) may be implemented as a transmission unit 120a (220a) and a reception unit 120b (220b) that are physically or logically separated.

[0198] The input device 1005 is an input device (for example, a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, etc.) that receives input from the outside. The output device 1006 is an output device (for example, a display, a speaker, a light emitting diode (LED) lamp, etc.) that outputs to the outside. The input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be integrated into one device (for example, a touch panel).

[0199] Furthermore, each device, such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or may be configured using different buses between each device.

[0200] Furthermore, the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and some or all of the functional blocks may be realized using such hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these pieces of hardware.

[0201] Note that the devices included in the core network 30 (for example, network nodes that provide NFs) may also be realized by the above-described functional block / hardware configuration.

[0202] (Variation) Note that terms explained in the present disclosure and terms necessary for understanding the present disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, a channel, a symbol, and a signal (signal or signaling) may be interchangeable. A signal may also be a message. A reference signal may be abbreviated as RS, and may also be called a pilot, pilot signal, etc. depending on the applicable standard. A component carrier (CC) may also be called a cell, frequency carrier, carrier frequency, etc.

[0203] A radio frame may be composed of one or more periods (frames) in the time domain. Each of the one or more periods (frames) constituting a radio frame may be called a subframe. Furthermore, a subframe may be composed of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

[0204] Here, the numerology may be a communication parameter applied to at least one of transmission and reception of a signal or channel, and may indicate at least one of, for example, a subcarrier spacing (SCS), a bandwidth, a symbol length, a cyclic prefix length, a transmission time interval (TTI), the number of symbols per TTI, a radio frame structure, a specific filtering process performed by a transceiver in the frequency domain, and a specific windowing process performed by a transceiver in the time domain.

[0205] A slot may be composed of one or more symbols in the time domain (such as an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol or a Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbol), and may be a time unit based on numerology.

[0206] A slot may include multiple minislots. Each minislot may consist of one or multiple symbols in the time domain. A minislot may also be called a subslot. A minislot may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a minislot may be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a minislot may be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0207] A radio frame, a subframe, a slot, a minislot, and a symbol all represent time units for transmitting signals. The radio frame, the subframe, the slot, the minislot, and the symbol may be referred to by other names corresponding to the radio frame, the subframe, the slot, the minislot, and the symbol. Note that the time units such as a frame, a subframe, a slot, a minislot, and a symbol in the present disclosure may be interchangeable.

[0208] For example, one subframe may be referred to as a TTI, or multiple consecutive subframes may be referred to as a TTI, or one slot or one minislot may be referred to as a TTI. That is, at least one of a subframe and a TTI may be a subframe (1 ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1 ms (for example, 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Note that the unit representing the TTI may be called a slot, minislot, etc., instead of a subframe.

[0209] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest time unit for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, a base station performs scheduling to allocate radio resources (such as frequency bandwidth and transmission power that can be used by each user terminal) to each user terminal in TTI units. However, the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0210] The TTI may be a transmission time unit for a channel-encoded data packet (transport block), a code block, a code word, etc., or may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. When a TTI is given, the time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) to which a transport block, a code block, a code word, etc. is actually mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

[0211] When one slot or one minislot is called a TTI, one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more minislots) may be the minimum time unit for scheduling. Also, the number of slots (minislots) constituting the minimum time unit for scheduling may be controlled.

[0212] A TTI having a time length of 1 ms may be called a regular TTI (TTI in 3GPP Rel. 8-12), normal TTI, long TTI, regular subframe, normal subframe, long subframe, slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a regular TTI may be called a shortened TTI, short TTI, partial or fractional TTI, shortened subframe, short subframe, minislot, subslot, slot, etc.

[0213] In addition, a long TTI (e.g., a normal TTI, a subframe, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a time length of more than 1 ms, and a short TTI (e.g., a shortened TTI, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a TTI length shorter than the TTI length of a long TTI and equal to or greater than 1 ms.

[0214] A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and the frequency domain, and may include one or more consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be the same regardless of numerology, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may also be determined based on numerology.

[0215] In addition, an RB may include one or more symbols in the time domain and may have a length of one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI. One TTI, one subframe, etc. may each be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[0216] Note that one or more RBs may also be called a physical resource block (PRB), a sub-carrier group (SCG), a resource element group (REG), a PRB pair, an RB pair, etc.

[0217] Furthermore, a resource block may be composed of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource region of one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0218] A Bandwidth Part (BWP), which may also be referred to as a fractional bandwidth, may represent a subset of contiguous common resource blocks (RBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier, where the common RBs may be identified by their index relative to a common reference point of the carrier. PRBs may be defined in a given BWP and numbered within that BWP.

[0219] The BWP may include an UL BWP (a BWP for UL) and a DL BWP (a BWP for DL). One or more BWPs may be configured for a UE within one carrier.

[0220] At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE may not expect to transmit or receive a given signal / channel outside the active BWP. Note that the terms "cell," "carrier," etc. in this disclosure may be read as "BWP."

[0221] The above-described structures of radio frames, subframes, slots, minislots, symbols, etc. are merely examples. For example, the number of subframes included in a radio frame, the number of slots per subframe or radio frame, the number of minislots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, the number of symbols in a TTI, the symbol length, the cyclic prefix (CP) length, etc. may be changed in various ways.

[0222] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc. described in the present disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, may be expressed using relative values ​​from a predetermined value, or may be expressed using other corresponding information. For example, a radio resource may be indicated by a predetermined index.

[0223] The names used for parameters and the like in this disclosure are not intended to be limiting in any way. Furthermore, the mathematical expressions and the like using these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. The various channels (PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements may be identified by any suitable names, and therefore the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not intended to be limiting in any way.

[0224] The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0225] Furthermore, information, signals, etc. may be output from a higher layer to a lower layer and / or from a lower layer to a higher layer. Information, signals, etc. may be input / output via multiple network nodes.

[0226] Input and output information, signals, etc. may be stored in a specific location (for example, memory) or may be managed using a management table. Input and output information, signals, etc. may be overwritten, updated, or added. Output information, signals, etc. may be deleted. Input information, signals, etc. may be transmitted to another device.

[0227] With respect to any information (e.g., variables, constants, parameters) described in the present disclosure, even if not specifically stated in the above embodiments, any first device (e.g., UE / base station) may notify any second device (e.g., base station / UE) of information indicating / identifying (or relating to) the value of the any information.

[0228] Notification of information is not limited to the aspects / embodiments described in the present disclosure, and may be performed using other methods. For example, notification of information in the present disclosure may be performed by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI) and Uplink Control Information (UCI)), higher layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB) and System Information Block (SIB)), Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling), other signals, or a combination thereof.

[0229] Note that the physical layer signaling may be called Layer 1 / Layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information (L1 / L2 control signal), L1 control information (L1 control signal), etc. Furthermore, the RRC signaling may be called an RRC message, such as an RRC connection setup message or an RRC connection reconfiguration message. Furthermore, the MAC signaling may be notified using, for example, a MAC Control Element (CE).

[0230] Furthermore, notification of specified information (e.g., notification that "it is X") is not limited to explicit notification, but may be made implicitly (e.g., by not notifying the specified information or by notifying other information).

[0231] The determination may be made by a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), by a Boolean value represented by true or false, or by a comparison of numerical values ​​(e.g., comparison with a predetermined value).

[0232] Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.

[0233] Software, instructions, information, etc. may also be transmitted or received over a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using wired technologies (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)), and / or wireless technologies (such as infrared, microwave), then these wired and / or wireless technologies are included within the definition of transmission media.

[0234] As used in this disclosure, the terms "system" and "network" may be used interchangeably. A "network" may refer to devices included in the network (e.g., base stations).

[0235] In the present disclosure, terms such as "precoding," "precoder," "weight (precoding weight)," "Quasi-Co-Location (QCL)," "Transmission Configuration Indication state (TCI state)," "spatial relation," "spatial domain filter," "transmit power," "phase rotation," "antenna port," "layer," "number of layers," "rank," "resource," "resource set," "beam," "beam width," "beam angle," "antenna," "antenna element," "panel," "UE panel," "transmitting entity," "receiving entity," etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0236] In the present disclosure, the term "antenna port" may be interchangeably read as an antenna port for any signal / channel (e.g., a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) port). In the present disclosure, the term "resource" may be interchangeably read as a resource for any signal / channel (e.g., a reference signal resource, an SRS resource, etc.). The resource may include time / frequency / code / space / power resources. The spatial domain transmission filter may include at least one of a spatial domain transmission filter and a spatial domain reception filter.

[0237] The group may include, for example, at least one of a spatial relationship group, a Code Division Multiplexing (CDM) group, a Reference Signal (RS) group, a Control Resource Set (CORESET) group, a PUCCH group, an antenna port group (e.g., a DMRS port group), a layer group, a resource group, a beam group, an antenna group, a panel group, and the like.

[0238] In addition, in the present disclosure, beam, SRS Resource Indicator (SRI), CORESET, CORESET pool, PDSCH, PUSCH, codeword (CW), transport block (TB), RS, etc. may be read as interchangeable terms.

[0239] In addition, in the present disclosure, the terms TCI state, downlink TCI state (DL TCI state), uplink TCI state (UL TCI state), unified TCI state, common TCI state, joint TCI state, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0240] Furthermore, in this disclosure, terms such as "QCL," "QCL assumptions," "QCL relationships," "QCL type information," "QCL properties," "specific QCL type (e.g., Type A, Type D) properties," and "specific QCL type (e.g., Type A, Type D)" may be interchangeable.

[0241] In this disclosure, terms such as index, identifier (ID), indicator, indication, and resource ID may be interchangeable. In this disclosure, terms such as sequence, list, set, group, cluster, and subset may be interchangeable.

[0242] Furthermore, the spatial relationship information identifier (ID) (TCI state ID) and spatial relationship information (TCI state) may be interchangeable. "Spatial relationship information (TCI state)" may be interchangeable with "set of spatial relationship information (TCI state)", "one or more pieces of spatial relationship information", etc. The TCI state and TCI may be interchangeable. The spatial relationship information and spatial relationship may be interchangeable.

[0243] In this disclosure, terms such as "base station (BS)," "radio base station," "fixed station," "NodeB," "eNB (eNodeB)," "gNB (gNodeB)," "access point," "transmission point (TP)," "reception point (RP)," "transmission / reception point (TRP)," "panel," "cell," "sector," "cell group," "carrier," "component carrier," etc. may be used interchangeably. Base stations may also be referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, picocell, etc.

[0244] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells. When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the overall coverage area of ​​the base station can be divided into multiple smaller areas, and each smaller area can be provided with communication service by a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head (RRH))). The term "cell" or "sector" refers to a part or the entire coverage area of ​​a base station and / or base station subsystem that provides communication service within this coverage.

[0245] In the present disclosure, a base station transmitting information to a terminal may be interpreted as the base station instructing the terminal to control / operate based on the information.

[0246] In this disclosure, the terms "Mobile Station (MS)," "user terminal," "User Equipment (UE)," "terminal," etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0247] A mobile station may also be referred to as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other suitable terminology.

[0248] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be called a transmitting device, a receiving device, a wireless communication device, etc. Note that at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on a moving object, the moving object itself, etc.

[0249] The mobile body is a movable object that can move at any speed and naturally includes cases where the mobile body is stationary. Examples of the mobile body include, but are not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcars, rickshaws, ships and other watercraft, airplanes, rockets, satellites, drones, multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and objects mounted thereon. The mobile body may also be a mobile body that moves autonomously based on an operation command.

[0250] The mobile object may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), an unmanned mobile object (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). Note that at least one of the base station and the mobile station may also include devices that do not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.

[0251] 7 is a diagram showing an example of a vehicle according to an embodiment. Vehicle 40 includes a drive unit 41, a steering unit 42, an accelerator pedal 43, a brake pedal 44, a shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, an electronic control unit 49, various sensors (including a current sensor 50, an RPM sensor 51, an air pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration sensor 54, an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a brake pedal sensor 56, a shift lever sensor 57, and an object detection sensor 58), an information service unit 59, and a communication module 60.

[0252] The drive unit 41 is configured with at least one of an engine, a motor, and a hybrid of an engine and a motor, for example. The steering unit 42 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels 46 and the rear wheels 47 based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by the user.

[0253] The electronic control unit 49 is composed of a microprocessor 61, memory (ROM, RAM) 62, and a communication port (e.g., an input / output (IO) port) 63. Signals are input to the electronic control unit 49 from various sensors 50-58 provided in the vehicle. The electronic control unit 49 may also be called an Electronic Control Unit (ECU).

[0254] The signals from the various sensors 50-58 include a current signal from a current sensor 50 that senses the current of the motor, a rotation speed signal of the front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 obtained by a rotation speed sensor 51, an air pressure signal of the front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 obtained by an air pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed signal obtained by a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration signal obtained by an acceleration sensor 54, a depression amount signal of the accelerator pedal 43 obtained by an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a depression amount signal of the brake pedal 44 obtained by a brake pedal sensor 56, an operation signal of the shift lever 45 obtained by a shift lever sensor 57, and a detection signal for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc. obtained by an object detection sensor 58.

[0255] The information service unit 59 is composed of various devices, such as a car navigation system, an audio system, speakers, a display, a television, and a radio, for providing (outputting) various information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, and one or more ECUs for controlling these devices. The information service unit 59 uses information acquired from external devices via the communication module 60 or the like to provide various information / services (for example, multimedia information / multimedia services) to the occupants of the vehicle 40.

[0256] The information service unit 59 may include input devices (e.g., keyboards, mice, microphones, switches, buttons, sensors, touch panels, etc.) that accept input from the outside, and may also include output devices (e.g., displays, speakers, LED lamps, touch panels, etc.) that output to the outside.

[0257] The driving assistance system unit 64 is configured with various devices that provide functions for preventing accidents and reducing the driver's driving burden, such as millimeter-wave radar, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), cameras, positioning locators (e.g., Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)), map information (e.g., High Definition (HD) maps, Autonomous Vehicle (AV) maps), gyro systems (e.g., Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs), Inertial Navigation Systems (INSs)), Artificial Intelligence (AI) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. The driving assistance system unit 64 also transmits and receives various information via the communication module 60 to realize driving assistance functions or autonomous driving functions.

[0258] The communication module 60 can communicate with the microprocessor 61 and components of the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63. For example, the communication module 60 transmits and receives data (information) via the communication port 63 to and from the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, the microprocessor 61 and memory (ROM, RAM) 62 in the electronic control unit 49, and the various sensors 50-58, which are provided in the vehicle 40.

[0259] The communication module 60 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 61 of the electronic control unit 49 and can communicate with an external device. For example, it transmits and receives various information to and from the external device via wireless communication. The communication module 60 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 49. The external device may be, for example, the above-mentioned base station 10 or user terminal 20. Furthermore, the communication module 60 may be, for example, at least one of the above-mentioned base station 10 and user terminal 20 (or may function as at least one of the base station 10 and user terminal 20).

[0260] The communication module 60 may transmit at least one of signals from the above-mentioned various sensors 50-58 input to the electronic control unit 49, information obtained based on the signals, and information based on input from the outside (user) obtained via the information service unit 59 to an external device via wireless communication. The electronic control unit 49, the various sensors 50-58, the information service unit 59, etc. may be referred to as input units that accept input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 60 may include information based on the above-mentioned input.

[0261] The communication module 60 receives various information (traffic information, traffic signal information, vehicle distance information, etc.) transmitted from external devices and displays it on an information service unit 59 provided in the vehicle. The information service unit 59 may also be called an output unit that outputs information (for example, outputs information to a device such as a display or speaker based on the PDSCH received by the communication module 60 (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH)).

[0262] Furthermore, the communication module 60 stores various information received from external devices in a memory 62 that can be used by the microprocessor 61. Based on the information stored in the memory 62, the microprocessor 61 may control the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, various sensors 50-58, and the like provided in the vehicle 40.

[0263] Furthermore, a base station in the present disclosure may be read as a user terminal. For example, the aspects / embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a user terminal is replaced with communication between multiple user terminals (which may be called, for example, Device-to-Device (D2D) or Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X)). In this case, the user terminal 20 may be configured to have the functions of the base station 10 described above. Furthermore, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be read as terms corresponding to terminal-to-terminal communication (for example, "sidelink"). For example, terms such as uplink channel and downlink channel may be read as sidelink channel.

[0264] Similarly, the user terminal in the present disclosure may be read as a base station, in which case the base station 10 may be configured to have the functions of the user terminal 20 described above.

[0265] In the present disclosure, an operation described as being performed by a base station may be performed by its upper node in some cases. It is apparent that in a network including one or more network nodes having a base station, various operations performed for communication with a terminal may be performed by the base station, one or more network nodes other than the base station (such as, but not limited to, a Mobility Management Entity (MME) and a Serving-Gateway (S-GW)), or a combination thereof.

[0266] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be used alone, in combination, or switched depending on the implementation. Furthermore, the order of the processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc. of each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be changed unless inconsistent. For example, the methods described in this disclosure present elements of various steps using an example order, and are not limited to the specific order presented.

[0267] Each aspect / embodiment described in the present disclosure may be a technology other than Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG (x is, for example, an integer or decimal number)), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM (registered trademark)), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE The present invention may be applied to systems that use 802.20, Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), or other appropriate wireless communication methods, or to next-generation systems that are expanded, modified, created, or defined based on these. It may also be applied to a combination of multiple systems (e.g., a combination of LTE or LTE-A and 5G).

[0268] As used in this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based only on," unless expressly stated otherwise. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based only on" and "based at least on."

[0269] As used in this disclosure, any reference to an element using a designation such as "first," "second," etc. does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Thus, a reference to a first and a second element does not imply that only two elements may be employed or that the first element must in some way precede the second element.

[0270] The term "determining," as used in this disclosure, may encompass a wide variety of actions. For example, "determining" may be considered to be judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, search, inquiry (e.g., looking up in a table, database, or another data structure), ascertaining, etc.

[0271] Additionally, "determining" may be considered to be "determining" receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input, output, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), etc.

[0272] Furthermore, "determination" may be considered to be "determining" resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. In other words, "determination" may be considered to be "determining" some action. In the present disclosure, "determination" may be read interchangeably with the above-mentioned actions.

[0273] Furthermore, in this disclosure, "determine / determining" may be interchangeably read as "assume / assuming," "expect / expecting," "consider / considering," etc. Furthermore, in this disclosure, "does not expect to do..." may be interchangeably read as "assumes not to do...."

[0274] In the present disclosure, "expect" may be interchangeably read as "be expected." For example, "expect(s) ..." ("..." may be expressed, for example, as a that clause, a to-infinitive, etc.) may be interchangeably read as "be expected ...," "do ... (if the above "..." is a to-infinitive, a verb with "to")," etc. "does not expect ..." may be interchangeably read as "be not expected ...," "does not ... (if the above "..." is a to-infinitive, a verb with "to")," etc. Furthermore, "An apparatus A is not expected ..." may be interchangeably read as "an apparatus B other than apparatus A does not expect ... from apparatus A" (for example, if apparatus A is a UE, apparatus B may be a base station).

[0275] The "maximum transmit power" in this disclosure may mean the maximum value of transmit power, the nominal UE maximum transmit power, or the rated UE maximum transmit power.

[0276] As used in this disclosure, the terms "connected," "coupled," or any variation thereof, refer to any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are "connected" or "coupled" to each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, "connected" may be read as "access."

[0277] In this disclosure, when two elements are connected, they may be considered to be "connected" or "coupled" to one another using one or more wires, cables, printed electrical connections, etc., as well as using electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency range, microwave range, light (both visible and invisible) range, etc., as some non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples.

[0278] In the present disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "coupled" may also be interpreted in the same way as "different."

[0279] When used in this disclosure, the terms "include," "including," and variations thereof are intended to be inclusive, similar to the term "comprising." Furthermore, when used in this disclosure, the term "or" is not intended to be an exclusive or.

[0280] In this disclosure, where articles are added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, the disclosure may include that the nouns following these articles are in the plural form.

[0281] In the present disclosure, terms such as "less than or equal to," "less than," "greater than," "more than," "equal to," etc. may be interchangeable. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, terms meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "fast," "slow," "wide," "narrow," etc. may be interchangeable, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, terms meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "fast," "slow," "wide," "narrow," etc. may be interchangeable, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative, as expressions with the prefix "i-th" (i is any integer) (for example, "highest" may be interchangeable as "i-th highest").

[0282] In this disclosure, the terms "of," "for," "regarding," "related to," "associated with," etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0283] In the present disclosure, terms such as "when A, B," "if A, (then) B," "B upon A," "B in response to A," "B based on A," "B during / while A," "B before A," "B at (the same time as) / on A," "B after A," "B since A," and "B until A" may be interchangeable. Note that A, B, and the like herein may be replaced with appropriate expressions, such as nouns, gerunds, and regular sentences, depending on the context. Note that the time difference between A and B may be nearly zero (immediately after or immediately before). A time offset may be applied to the time at which A occurs. For example, "A" may be interchangeable with "before / after the time offset at which A occurs." The time offset (eg, one or more symbols / slots) may be predefined or may be specified by the UE based on signaled information.

[0284] In the present disclosure, timing, time, duration, time instance, any time unit (e.g., slot, subslot, symbol, subframe), period, occasion, resource, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0285] Although the invention according to the present disclosure has been described in detail above, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the invention according to the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in the present disclosure. The description of the present disclosure is for illustrative purposes only and does not impose any limiting meaning on the invention according to the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A receiver for receiving a specific instruction when supporting a scenario in which a downlink (DL) signal is received from a first transmission / reception point (TRP) and an uplink (UL) signal is transmitted to a second transmission / reception point (TRP); A control unit that determines whether to reset a first closed-loop power control adjustment state corresponding to the first TRP or a second closed-loop power control adjustment state corresponding to the second TRP based on the specific instruction; A terminal having:

2. The specific instruction is an instruction for a Timing Advance Group (TAG) ID included in a Random Access Response (RAR). The terminal according to claim 1 .

3. The receiving unit receives Downlink Control Information (DCI) indicating a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH), The specific indication is an indication of a PRACH-related indication field in the DCI. The terminal according to claim 1 .

4. The receiving unit receives DCI indicating a PRACH, The specific indication is an indication of a specific field in the DCI that indicates a PL offset. The terminal according to claim 1 .

5. receiving a specific indication if a scenario of receiving a downlink (DL) signal from a first transmission / reception point (TRP) and transmitting an uplink (UL) signal to a second TRP is supported; determining whether to reset a first closed-loop power control adjustment state corresponding to the first TRP or a second closed-loop power control adjustment state corresponding to the second TRP based on the specific instruction; A wireless communication method for a terminal having the above configuration.

6. A transmitter for transmitting a specific instruction when a scenario of receiving a downlink (DL) signal from a first transmission / reception point (TRP) and transmitting an uplink (UL) signal to a second TRP is supported; A control unit that determines whether to reset a first closed-loop power control adjustment state corresponding to the first TRP or a second closed-loop power control adjustment state corresponding to the second TRP based on the specific instruction, and controls reception of an UL signal using the first closed-loop power control adjustment state or the second closed-loop power control adjustment state; A base station having

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