Method for discharging particulate matter and cutting device for stuck particulate matter used for the same

Abstract

To provide a method for discharging particulate matters capable of consistently and conveniently discharging particulate matters that have formed bridges and have stuck.SOLUTION: In a method for discharging particulate matters according to the present invention that solves the above problem, when a particulate matter P stored inside a hollow structure S becomes stuck and cannot be discharged from a discharge port SD at a bottom SU of the hollow structure, the stuck particulate matter is crushed and discharged from the discharge port. By cutting the stuck particulate matter vertically upward from an observation hole H at the bottom of the hollow structure using a cutting device 1, a through hole T is formed in the stuck particulate matter.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for discharging powder or granular material and a cutting device for use in the same for stuck powder or granular material. [Background technology]

[0002] BACKGROUND ART In general, hollow structures such as silos are used to store various powdery and granular materials (hereinafter referred to as "granular materials") such as agricultural materials and industrial materials.

[0003] By using such a hollow structure, powder or granules can be added through the opening at the top and stored in the internal space, while the required amount of powder or granules can be removed by opening the discharge port at the bottom.

[0004] However, powder and granular materials can become stuck inside depending on their own weight, the state of granulation, humidity, etc. If this happens, the powder and granular materials cannot be removed even if the discharge port at the bottom is opened.

[0005] To address the above-mentioned problem, a method for resolving the stuck state is disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 1 below. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 6357287 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] However, the technology described in Patent Document 1 above involves forming a scaffold while breaking down the adhered powder and granular material and causing it to fall downwards, and there is a problem in that it is difficult to apply unless there are through holes or the like.

[0008] Therefore, it is necessary to form through holes in the solidified powder or granular material, but there has not been sufficient research into methods for forming through holes, and this remains an issue.

[0009] In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for discharging powder and granular material that can consistently and easily discharge powder and granular material that has formed a bridge and adhered to the powder and granular material. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] A first aspect of the present invention, which solves the above-mentioned problems, is a method for discharging powder and granular material, which, when the powder and granular material stored inside a hollow structure becomes stuck and cannot be discharged from the discharge outlet at the bottom of the hollow structure, breaks up the stuck powder and discharges it from the discharge outlet, and forms a through hole in the stuck powder and granular material by cutting the stuck powder and granular material vertically upward using a cutting device from an observation hole at the bottom of the hollow structure.

[0011] Also, in this respect, although not limited thereto, it is preferable that the cutting device comprises a power unit, a shaft, and a tip bit attached to the tip of the shaft, and that the shaft and tip bit are rotated and pushed up by the power unit to form a through hole in the powder or granular material in a solid state.

[0012] Furthermore, in this respect, although not limited thereto, it is preferable to apply an impact to the bottom of the hollow structure to loosen at least a portion of the powder and granular material that has become stuck in the bottom space of the hollow structure, and then discharge the powder and granular material from the discharge outlet to form a void in the bottom space of the hollow structure.

[0013] Furthermore, in this respect, although not limited thereto, it is preferable to apply an impact to the bottom of the hollow structure using at least one of vibration, ultrasound, and air pulses to loosen at least a portion of the powder and granular material that has become stuck in the bottom space of the hollow structure.

[0014] Furthermore, in this respect, although not limited thereto, after forming the through-hole, a rack rail of a predetermined length is suspended from an opening formed in the ceiling of the hollow structure into the upper space within the hollow structure, a lifting body that moves along the rack rail is lowered from the opening along the rack rail to the upper space within the hollow structure, a work scaffold is constructed in the upper space within the hollow structure so as to extend horizontally from the lifting body using parts carried into the hollow structure from the opening, and with the discharge port at the bottom of the hollow structure closed, a worker connected to the work scaffold with a safety harness is allowed to move downwards from the fixed state of the work scaffold. It is also preferable that the powder and granular material that has become solid is broken down, and the broken down powder and granular material is dropped into a through-hole formed in the powder and granular material that is stuck below the work scaffold, from the top surface of the powder and granular material that is stuck below the work scaffold, which runs from the top surface of the powder and granular material to the closed discharge outlet at the bottom of the hollow structure, and with the through-hole blocked by the broken down powder and granular material, a worker connected to the work scaffold with a safety harness adds a next rack rail to the lower end of the rack rail below the work scaffold, opens the discharge outlet at the bottom of the hollow structure, discharges the powder and granular material that has accumulated in the through-hole, and lowers the lifting body onto the added rack rail to lower the work scaffold.

[0015] Another aspect of the present invention is a cutting device for stuck powder or granular material, which comprises a power unit, a shaft, and a tip bit attached to the tip of the shaft, and the power unit rotates the shaft and the tip bit while pushing them vertically upward to form a through hole in the stuck powder or granular material. [Effects of the Invention]

[0016] As described above, the present invention can provide a method for discharging powder and granular material that can consistently and easily discharge powder and granular material that has formed a bridge and adhered to the material. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0017] [Figure 1] 1 is a diagram showing an image of a method for discharging powder or granular material according to an embodiment. FIG. [Figure 2] 1 is a diagram showing an image of a method for discharging powder or granular material according to an embodiment. FIG. [Figure 3] 1 is a diagram showing an image of a method for discharging powder or granular material according to an embodiment. FIG. [Figure 4] 1 is a diagram showing an outline of a cutting device for cutting stuck powder or granular material used in a powder or granular material discharging method according to an embodiment. FIG. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an image of a hole covering member according to an embodiment. [Figure 6] 1 is a diagram showing a specific image of a powder / granular material discharging method according to an embodiment. FIG. [Figure 7] 1 is a diagram showing a specific image of a powder / granular material discharging method according to an embodiment. FIG. [Figure 8] 1 is a diagram showing a specific image of a powder / granular material discharging method according to an embodiment. FIG. [Figure 9] 1 is a diagram showing a specific image of a powder / granular material discharging method according to an embodiment. FIG. [Figure 10] 1 is a diagram showing a specific image of a powder / granular material discharging method according to an embodiment. FIG. [Figure 11] 1 is a diagram showing a specific image of a powder / granular material discharging method according to an embodiment. FIG. [Figure 12] 1 is a diagram showing a specific image of a powder / granular material discharging method according to an embodiment. FIG. [Figure 13] 1 is a diagram showing a specific image of a powder / granular material discharging method according to an embodiment. FIG. [Figure 14] 1 is a diagram showing a specific image of a powder / granular material discharging method according to an embodiment. FIG. [Figure 15] 1 is a diagram showing a specific image of a powder / granular material discharging method according to an embodiment. FIG. [Figure 16] 1 is a diagram showing a specific image of a powder / granular material discharging method according to an embodiment. FIG. [Figure 17] 1 is a diagram showing a specific image of a powder / granular material discharging method according to an embodiment. FIG. [Figure 18] 1 is a diagram showing a specific image of a powder / granular material discharging method according to an embodiment. FIG. [Figure 19] 1 is a diagram showing a specific image of a powder / granular material discharging method according to an embodiment. FIG. [Figure 20]1 is a diagram showing a specific image of a powder / granular material discharging method according to an embodiment. FIG. [Figure 21] 1 is a diagram showing a specific image of a powder / granular material discharging method according to an embodiment. FIG. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0018] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the examples specifically shown in the following embodiments and examples.

[0019] Figures 1 to 3 are figures showing a specific image of the powder and granular material discharge method according to this embodiment (hereinafter referred to as "this method"). Figure 1 shows a case where the powder and granular material P stored inside the hollow structure S has no through holes T and is in a stuck state. Figure 3 shows a case where a through hole T has been formed in the powder and granular material P stored inside the hollow structure S. Figure 2 shows a case where the powder and granular material P is in an intermediate state.

[0020] As shown in these figures, this method is specifically a method for discharging powder P stored inside a hollow structure S when the powder P becomes stuck and cannot be discharged from the discharge outlet SD at the bottom SU of the hollow structure S, by breaking up the stuck powder P and discharging it from the discharge outlet SD, and involves (S1) cutting the stuck powder P vertically upward using a cutting device from an observation hole at the bottom of the hollow structure, thereby forming a through hole in the stuck powder.

[0021] Furthermore, in this method, as is clear from the above description, the hollow structure S is used to contain and store powdered or granular material P, and is composed of, but not limited to, a cylindrical body SB, a mortar-shaped (funnel-shaped) bottom SU, and a plate-shaped ceiling SC. An opening SA is formed in the ceiling SC for introducing powdered or granular material P into the hollow structure S, and a discharge port SD is formed in the bottom SU for discharging powdered or granular material P stored in the hollow structure S. An opening / closing valve SV is provided at the discharge port SD.

[0022] The size of the hollow structure S to be subjected to this method can be adjusted as appropriate, and is not limited, but its total length (height) is preferably in the range of 10 m to 40 m, more preferably 20 m to 30 m. The diameter of the hollow structure S is preferably 3 m to 10 m, more preferably 5 m to 7 m. The diameters of the opening SA and the discharge port SD are not limited, but are preferably in the range of 30 cm to 90 cm, more preferably 50 cm to 70 cm. The storage capacity of the powder or granular material P in the hollow structure S is not limited, but is preferably 100 t to 2000 t, more preferably 200 t to 1000 t.

[0023] Furthermore, in this method, after forming the through hole T, (S2) a rack rail of a predetermined length is suspended from an opening formed in the ceiling of the hollow structure into the upper space within the hollow structure, (S3) a lifting body that moves along the rack rail is lowered from the opening along the rack rail to the upper space within the hollow structure, (S4) a work scaffold is constructed in the upper space within the hollow structure so that it extends horizontally from the lifting body using the parts that have been carried into the hollow structure from the opening, and (S5) with the discharge port at the bottom of the hollow structure closed, a worker connected to the work scaffold with a safety harness stands on a fixed position below the work scaffold. The powder and granular material that has stuck to the work platform is broken down (S6), and the broken down powder and granular material is dropped from the top of the powder and granular material that has stuck to the work platform below into a through hole that is formed over the closed discharge outlet at the bottom of the hollow structure (S7), with the through hole blocked by the broken down powder and granular material, a worker connected to the work platform by a safety harness adds the next rack rail to the lower end of the rack rail below the work platform (S8), the discharge outlet at the bottom of the hollow structure is opened and the powder and granular material that has accumulated in the through hole is discharged (S9), and the lifting body is lowered onto the added rack rail to lower the work platform.

[0024] First, this method includes the step of (S1) forming a through hole in the solidified powder or granular material by cutting the solidified powder or granular material vertically upward using a cutting device from an observation hole at the bottom of a hollow structure.

[0025] In this step (S1), the cutting device 1 preferably includes a power unit 2, a shaft 3, and a tip bit 4 attached to the tip of the shaft 3, and the shaft 3 and the tip bit 4 are rotated and pushed up by the power unit 2 to form a through hole T in the stuck powder or granular material P. Fig. 4 is a diagram showing an outline of the cutting device 1 used in this step.

[0026] As described above, the cutting device 1 used in this method is equipped with a power unit 2, a shaft 3, and a tip bit 4, and the power generated by the power unit 1 is transmitted to the tip bit 4 via the shaft 3, and the tip bit 4 is used to cut the powder P that has become stuck, thereby forming a through hole T.

[0027] The power unit 2 of the cutting device 1 used in this embodiment applies a rotational force to the shaft 3, and is preferably a so-called motor, although this is not limited thereto. A motor is a device that can convert electrical energy into mechanical energy and generally comprises a shaft, a rotor connected to the shaft to rotate the shaft, and a stator that rotates the rotor. In particular, since the cutting device 1 is equipped with the rotating shaft 3, it is possible to share the shaft with the motor or connect it in series. Furthermore, even if the shaft is not shared, the rotation direction can be easily changed via gears or the like, which is preferable.

[0028] Furthermore, as in the cutting device 1 used in this embodiment, the shaft 3 is a rod-shaped member with a tip bit 4 fixed to its tip, and by rotating the shaft 3 and tip bit 4, the stuck powder P is loosened and dropped (raked out). In this embodiment, cutting begins at about the height of the observation hole H of the hollow structure S and proceeds vertically upward, so the cutting position by the tip bit 4 gradually increases in height. For this reason, the length of the shaft 3 is shorter than the height from the ground surface of the hollow structure S to the observation hole H. Preferably, by adding multiple shafts, the length can be extended to near the ceiling of the hollow structure S. The length of a single shaft 3 is not limited, but is preferably, for example, between 50 cm and 2 m, and more preferably, 1 m or less.

[0029] Furthermore, as described above, the tip bit 4 of the cutting device 1 used in this embodiment is pressed against the stuck powder P to loosen it and drop it (scrape it out), and serves as the tip of a drill. The shape of the tip bit 4 is not particularly limited, but is preferably a cone with protrusions or spiral grooves formed thereon, but is not limited to this.

[0030] In addition to the above functions, the cutting device 1 used in this embodiment preferably includes a lifting mechanism 5 for moving the tip bit 4, the shaft 3, and the power unit 2 up and down. The provision of the lifting mechanism 5 allows the tip bit 4 to be moved vertically upward while rotating. Specifically, the lifting mechanism 5 is initially placed on the lower side, and the shaft 3 and tip bit 4 are installed thereon. Then, the shaft 3 and tip bit 4 are rotated by the power unit 2 while the lifting mechanism 5 is driven to move them vertically upward. As a result, the tip bit 4 is moved vertically upward while rotating, and the tip bit 4 can be pressed against the lower end of the stuck granular material P to loosen it. When the lifting mechanism 5 reaches its upper limit (upper limit), the lifting mechanism 5 is returned to the lower side, the shaft 3 is added, and the tip bit 4 and the shaft 3 are again rotated while the lifting mechanism 5 is raised upward, thereby forming a through hole T in the stuck granular material P. The lifting mechanism 5 may be configured manually as shown in this figure, but it is also preferable that it is electrically operated.

[0031] The cutting device 1 used in this embodiment also preferably includes a frame 6 for accommodating and fixing the power unit 2, shaft 3, tip bit 4, and lifting mechanism 5. This allows the cutting device 1 to be stabilized.

[0032] Furthermore, in this step (S1), the observation hole H is opened. Although the observation hole H itself is not large, if the loosened powder P falls from this hole, it may land on the cutting device 1, hindering the operation of the cutting device itself. For this reason, in this step (S1), it is preferable to provide a hole covering member 7 that covers the observation hole H without interfering with the operation of the shaft 3. An image of this case is shown in Figure 5. Note that, although not limited to, the hole covering member 7 in this embodiment is preferably divided into multiple hole covering pieces 71 that can each be fixed to the observation hole H and, when combined, form a small hole large enough to insert the shaft 3. This has the advantage of significantly reducing the amount of powder P that spills from the observation hole H, as described above.

[0033] Furthermore, it is also preferable that the method further includes, prior to this step, a step (S0) of applying an impact to the bottom of the hollow structure to loosen at least a portion of the powder or granules that have become stuck in the bottom space of the hollow structure, and discharging the powder or granules from a discharge port to form a void in the bottom space of the hollow structure. An image of this step is shown in Figure 6.

[0034] In the above step (S1), the through-holes T are formed from below by the cutting device 1, but even in this case, the loosened powder P needs to fall downward. Therefore, it is important to form a gap large enough to allow the powder P to be discharged from the discharge port SD.

[0035] In addition, in this step (S0), it is preferable to apply an impact to the bottom of the hollow structure S using at least one of vibration, ultrasound, and air pulses to loosen at least a portion of the powder and granular material P that has become stuck in the bottom space of the hollow structure S.

[0036] Furthermore, in this method, after forming the through hole T, (S2) a rack rail of a predetermined length is suspended from an opening formed in the ceiling of the hollow structure into the upper space within the hollow structure, (S3) a lifting body that moves along the rack rail is lowered from the opening along the rack rail to the upper space within the hollow structure, (S4) a work scaffold is constructed in the upper space within the hollow structure so that it extends horizontally from the lifting body using the parts that have been carried into the hollow structure from the opening, and (S5) with the discharge port at the bottom of the hollow structure closed, a worker connected to the work scaffold with a safety harness stands on a fixed position below the work scaffold. (S6) the broken-down powder and granular material is dropped from the top of the stuck powder and granular material below the work scaffolding into a through-hole formed over the closed discharge port at the bottom of the hollow structure, (S7) with the through-hole blocked by the broken-down powder and granular material, a worker connected to the work scaffolding by a safety harness adds a next rack rail to the bottom end of the rack rail below the work scaffolding, (S8) opens the discharge port at the bottom of the hollow structure to discharge the powder and granular material accumulated in the through-hole, and (S9) the lifting body is lowered onto the added rack rail to lower the work scaffolding. This makes it possible to sufficiently discharge the stuck powder and granular material P inside the hollow structure S from the hollow structure S.

[0037] In this method, as described above, after step (S1), (S2) a rack rail L of a predetermined length is suspended from an opening SA formed in the ceiling portion SC of the hollow structure S into the upper space SS within the hollow structure S. An image of this case is shown in Figure 7. As shown in this figure, a rack rail L of a predetermined length is suspended from an opening SA formed in the ceiling portion SC of the hollow structure S into the upper space SS within the hollow structure S.

[0038] Next, in this method, (S3) the lifting body U that moves along the rack rail L is lowered from the opening SA along the rack rail L to the upper space SS within the hollow structure S.

[0039] Next, in this method, (S4) a work scaffold is constructed in the upper space SS within the hollow structure S using the parts B brought into the hollow structure S through the opening SA, so that it extends horizontally to the lifting body U (see Figures 8 and 9).

[0040] Next, in this method, (S5) with the discharge outlet SD at the bottom SU of the hollow structure S closed, a worker attached to the work scaffold F with a safety harness breaks down the powder and granular material P that has become stuck below the work scaffold F. An image of this process is shown in Figure 10.

[0041] Next, in this method, (S6) the broken-down powder P is dropped from its top surface onto the powder P that has solidified below the work scaffold F into a through-hole T formed in the bottom SU of the hollow structure S and extending to the closed discharge outlet SD. An image of this process is shown in Figure 11.

[0042] Next, in this method, (S7) with the through-hole T blocked by the collapsed powder P, a worker connected to the work scaffold F with a safety harness adds the next rack rail L to the lower end of the rack rail L below the work scaffold F. An image of this case is shown in Figure 12.

[0043] Next, in this method, (S8) the discharge port SD at the bottom SU of the hollow structure S is opened to discharge the powder P stored in the through-holes T. An image of this case is shown in FIG.

[0044] Then, in this method, (S9) the lifting body U is lowered onto the extended rack rail L to lower the working platform F. Images of this case are shown in Figs. 14 to 16.

[0045] As described above, when the through-hole T (rathole, artificial hole) is blocked by the powder and granular material P that has been pushed down, the next rack rail L is added to the lower end of the rack rail L below the work scaffolding F, and the lifting body U is lowered onto the added rack rail L to lower the work scaffolding F. This process is repeated (Figures 17 to 21), gradually extending the rack rail L downward and gradually lowering the work scaffolding F, gradually pushing down the powder and granular material P that has solidified inside the hollow structure S from above.

[0046] As described above, this embodiment can provide a method for discharging powder or granular material that can consistently and easily discharge powder or granular material that has formed a bridge and adhered to it. [Industrial Applicability]

[0047] This method has industrial applicability as a method for discharging powder and granular materials. [Explanation of symbols]

[0048] 1...Cutting device 2...Power unit 3...Shaft 4...Tip bit 5...Lifting mechanism S...Hollow structure SA...Opening SC…ceiling part SD…Discharge port SS…upper space SU…Bottom B...Parts F...Work scaffolding H: Observation hole L...Rack rail T…Through hole U...lifting body P...Powder material

Claims

1. A method for discharging powder and granular material, when powder and granular material stored inside a hollow structure has become stuck and cannot be discharged from a discharge port at the bottom of the hollow structure, by breaking up the stuck powder and granular material and discharging it from the discharge port, comprising: A method for discharging powder and granular material, comprising cutting the stuck powder and granular material vertically upward using a cutting device from an observation hole at the bottom of the hollow structure, thereby forming a through hole in the stuck powder and granular material.

2. The cutting device includes a power unit, a shaft, and a tip bit attached to the tip of the shaft, 2. The method for discharging powder and granular material according to claim 1, wherein the shaft and the tip bit are rotated and pushed up by the power unit to form a through hole in the stuck powder and granular material.

3. A method for discharging powder and granular material as described in claim 1, wherein an impact is applied to the bottom of the hollow structure to loosen at least a portion of the powder and granular material that has become stuck in the bottom space of the hollow structure, and the powder and granular material is discharged from the discharge outlet, thereby forming a void in the bottom space of the hollow structure.

4. A method for discharging powder and granular material according to claim 3, wherein at least a portion of the powder and granular material that has become stuck in the bottom space of the hollow structure is loosened by applying an impact to the bottom of the hollow structure using at least one of vibration, ultrasound, and air pulses.

5. After forming the through holes, A rack rail of a predetermined length is suspended from an opening formed in a ceiling portion of the hollow structure into an upper space within the hollow structure, a lifting body that moves along the rack rail is lowered from the opening along the rack rail to an upper space within the hollow structure; constructing a work scaffolding in an upper space within the hollow structure using the parts carried into the hollow structure through the opening so as to extend horizontally above the lifting body; With the discharge outlet at the bottom of the hollow structure closed, a worker connected to the work platform with a safety harness breaks down the powder and granular material that has become stuck below the work platform, The broken-down powder and granular material is dropped from the top surface of the powder and granular material that has adhered below the work scaffolding into the through-hole formed at the bottom of the hollow structure and extending to the discharge outlet that is in a closed state, With the through hole blocked by the broken-down powder and granular material, a worker connected to the work scaffold with a safety harness adds the next rack rail to the lower end of the rack rail below the work scaffold, Opening the discharge port at the bottom of the hollow structure to discharge the powder or granular material stored in the through-hole; 2. The method for discharging powdered or granular material according to claim 1, wherein the work platform is lowered by lowering the lifting body onto the extended rack rail.

6. A cutting device for cutting stuck powder or granular material, comprising a power unit, a shaft, and a tip bit attached to the tip of the shaft, The power unit is a cutting device for stuck powder and granular material that rotates the shaft and the tip bit while pushing them up vertically to form through holes in the stuck powder and granular material.

Images