Concrete block and concrete block laying method

Abstract

To provide a concrete block for drainage, which requires the same amount of excavated soil as when laying a normal drainage channel, and can reduce product costs and simplify a laying process.SOLUTION: A concrete block comprises: a body part as a free-gradient gutter 100; a mounting body 30 attached to an outer surface of a side wall 13 in a state in which rotation of the outer surface of the side wall 13 in an in-plane direction is restricted when placed directly facing the outer surface of the side wall 13 of the free-gradient gutter 100, standing up from the outer surface of the side wall 13, and bored with a through-hole 36 penetrating in a member thickness direction; and a height adjuster 20 attached to the through-hole 36 and formed on a bolt 22 as an elongated body provided with a ground plate 24 at a tip part. A length of the height adjuster 20 protruding from the through-hole 36 can be changed.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to concrete blocks and a method for laying concrete blocks, and more particularly to concrete blocks and a method for laying concrete blocks that can be manufactured and laid at low cost. [Background technology]

[0002] A side gutter and a side gutter installation method that can be easily installed by one person and that aims to shorten the number of days required for installation are known (Patent Document 1: JP 2009-161961 A). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2009-161961 A (specification paragraphs 0009-0016, Figures 1, 8, etc.) Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] The gutter and gutter installation method disclosed in Patent Document 1 have the problem that the adjustment mechanism is formed by combining multiple components, which increases the product cost, and the adjustment mechanism is large compared to the size of the main body of the drainage channel (concrete block), which means that the amount of soil excavated at the installation site increases compared to a normal drainage channel (concrete block), which increases the cost of laying the concrete blocks. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and its purpose is to provide concrete blocks that have a simple product structure and can be provided at low cost, and a method of laying concrete blocks that allows the amount of excavated soil to be about the same as when laying normal concrete blocks, and allows the laying work to be done at low cost.

[0006] In other words, the present invention is a concrete block comprising a main body, an attachment body attached to the outer surface of the side wall in a state in which the rotation of the outer surface of the side wall in the in-plane direction is restricted when the main body is facing the outer surface of the side wall, the attachment body standing from the outer surface of the side wall and having a through hole drilled therethrough in the thickness direction of the member, and a height adjustment device formed on an elongated body attached to the through hole and having a grounding body at its tip, wherein the height adjustment device is characterized in that the length of its protrusion from the through hole can be changed.

[0007] This allows for the provision of a concrete block that has a simple product structure and can be provided at low cost, and that can be laid at low cost using the same amount of excavated soil as when laying a normal concrete block.

[0008] It is also preferable that the mounting body has a first edge that abuts the outer surface of the side wall, and a second edge that is formed integrally with the first edge, stands up from the outer surface of the side wall, and has the through hole drilled therein.

[0009] This makes it easy to attach the mounting body to the outer surface of the side wall of the main body, and also makes it easy to attach the height adjuster and adjust the height.

[0010] Preferably, a recess is formed on the outer surface of the side wall, and a protrusion that fits into the recess is provided on the surface of the first side that abuts against the outer surface of the side wall.

[0011] This makes it easier to attach the mounting body to the side wall, and also makes it possible to reliably prevent the mounting body from rotating in the in-plane direction of the side wall.

[0012] It is also preferable that a female thread portion is formed in at least a part of the through hole, and the elongated body is a bolt that screws into the female thread portion.

[0013] This allows workers to use power tools or the like to adjust the height position of the concrete blocks when laying them, significantly reducing the labor required for laying work.

[0014] There is also an invention relating to a method for laying concrete blocks, which comprises the steps of: installing a main body after a foundation crushed stone layer has been constructed at the laying location; attaching a mounting body having a through hole drilled therethrough in the thickness direction of the member while restricting in-plane rotation of the outer surface of the side wall of the main body when facing the outer surface of the side wall; inserting a height adjustment device formed on a long body having a ground contact body at its tip into the through hole, abutting the ground contact body against the upper surface of the foundation crushed stone layer, and fixing the height adjustment device to the mounting body while suspending the main body above the upper surface of the foundation crushed stone layer; and pouring filler material between the upper surface of the foundation crushed stone layer and the bottom surface of the main body.

[0015] This allows the construction work to be carried out at low cost using the same amount of excavated soil as when laying ordinary concrete blocks.

[0016] Furthermore, it is preferable that the mounting body has a first edge that abuts against the outer surface of the side wall, and a second edge that is formed integrally with the first edge, stands up from the outer surface of the side wall, and has the through hole drilled therein, and that a recess is formed on the outer surface of the side wall, and that a protrusion that fits into the recess is erected on the abutting surface of the first edge that abuts against the outer surface of the side wall, and that by fitting the protrusion into the recess, the mounting body is mounted in a state in which rotation of the outer surface of the side wall in an in-plane direction is restricted when the first edge is directly facing the outer surface of the side wall.

[0017] This makes it easy to mount the mounting body in a state where rotation in the in-plane direction relative to the outer surface of the side wall is restricted.

[0018] Furthermore, it is preferable that a nut is attached to the second edge in alignment with the position of the through hole, and that the long body is a bolt, and that by adjusting the amount of protrusion of the bolt from the second edge, the grounding body is abutted against the upper surface of the foundation crushed stone layer, and the height adjustment device is fixed to the second edge with the main body part floating above the upper surface of the foundation crushed stone layer.

[0019] This allows the concrete blocks to be laid properly, the filler material to be poured reliably, and the concrete blocks to be prevented from sinking after use.

[0020] Furthermore, it is preferable that the main body is a free-gradient gutter and the filler is concrete, and that the process of pouring the filler between the top surface of the foundation crushed stone layer and the bottom surface of the free-gradient gutter also serves as pouring an invert for the free-gradient gutter.

[0021] This eliminates the need to pour foundation concrete when laying a free-slope gutter, and allows the pouring of filler material and the pouring of inverts to be done simultaneously, significantly reducing the labor required to lay a free-slope gutter. [Effects of the Invention]

[0022] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide concrete blocks that have a simple product structure and can be provided at low cost, and a method for laying concrete blocks that requires the same amount of excavated soil as when laying normal concrete blocks and allows laying work to be carried out at low cost. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0023] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a plan view of a free-gradient gutter according to the present embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a front view of the free-gradient gutter according to the present embodiment. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. [Figure 5] FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing an example of a process for laying a free-gradient ditch in this embodiment. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is a front view showing the installation status (excavation and construction of a foundation crushed stone layer) of a free-gradient gutter in this embodiment. [Figure 7] FIG. 1 is a front view showing the installation status (temporary installation and fine adjustment of installation height) of a free-gradient gutter in this embodiment. [Figure 8] FIG. 1 is a front view showing the installation status (concrete pouring and backfilling) of a free-gradient side gutter in this embodiment. [Figure 9] FIG. 10 is a side view of a main part of a free-gradient gutter according to another embodiment. [Figure 10] A front view showing the application of the present invention to an L-shaped retaining wall. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0024] In the following, in this embodiment, a form in which a free-gradient gutter 100 is used as a concrete block will be described. As shown in Figs. 1 to 4, the free-gradient gutter 100 in this embodiment has a main body 10, a height adjuster 20, and a mounting body 30 for mounting the height adjuster 20 to the main body 10. In this embodiment, up, down, front, back, left, and right will be described as referring to the directions of the arrows shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

[0025] The main body 10 is formed in an inverted U-shape, having a top plate 12 and side walls 13 extending downward from both left-right (width) ends of the top plate 12. Openings 14 are formed in the top plate 12 at required intervals in the front-to-rear direction (lengthwise) and penetrating the top plate 12 in the thickness direction. Recesses 15 that are hexagonal in front view are formed on the outer surfaces of the side walls 13 at both front-to-rear end positions. Insert screws (not shown) for attaching eyebolts as lifting devices can be embedded in the inner bottom surface of the recesses 15.

[0026] The height adjuster 20 in this embodiment has a bolt 22 as an elongated body and a ground plate 24 as a grounding body attached to the lower end (tip) of the bolt 22. In addition, a protrusion 26 that bites into the ground surface (here, the crushed stone foundation layer 300) is formed on the lower surface (bottom surface) of the ground plate 24. In this embodiment, the bolt 22 is used as the elongated body and the metal ground plate 24 (including the protrusion 26) is used as the grounding body, but the elongated body and the grounding body are not limited to these forms.

[0027] The mounting body 30 is formed as an L-shaped plate having a first side 32 that abuts against the outer surface of the side wall 13 and a second side 34 that is bent so as to stand perpendicular to the first side 32. A hexagonal prism-shaped protrusion 33 that fits into a recess 15 formed in the side wall 13 is formed on the abutting surface of the first side 32 that abuts against the outer surface of the side wall 13. A through hole 36 that penetrates the second side 34 in the plate thickness direction and through which the bolt 22 is inserted is formed in the second side 34, and a nut 38 is disposed with its internal thread portion aligned with the through hole 36. The nuts 38 are disposed so as to sandwich the second side 34 from above and below, with the nut 38 on the upper side of the second side 34 not fixed but threadedly engaged with the bolt 22, and the nut 38 on the lower side of the second side 34 fixed by welding or the like.

[0028] In this way, a female thread portion is formed in at least a portion of the second side 34 in the height direction of the through-hole 36. In the height adjuster 20 of this embodiment, the bolt 22 is inserted (threaded) into the through-hole 36 and the nut 38 in advance, and then the ground plate 24 is fixed to the lower end of the bolt 22 by welding or the like. The bolt 22 attached to the second side 34 of the mounting body 30 in this way has a variable protruding length from the underside of the second side 34. The protruding length of the bolt 22 from the underside of the second side 34 can be adjusted by abutting the nut 38 disposed on the upper side of the second side 34 against the upper surface of the second side 34, and the adjusted protruding length from the underside of the second side 34 can be firmly maintained.

[0029] The height adjuster 20 and mounting body 30 thus formed are attached to the outer surface of the side wall 13 of the main body 10 by fitting the convex portion 33 of the mounting body 30 into the concave portion 15 of the side wall 13. By fitting the convex portion 33 of the mounting body 30 into the concave portion 15 of the side wall 13, the mounting body 30 is attached to the side wall 13 in a state where rotation in the in-plane direction of the side wall 13 is restricted (a state where the mounting body 30 is fixed so as not to move from the concave portion 15) when facing the outer surface of the side wall 13.

[0030] The free-gradient gutter 100 of this embodiment has the above-described configuration. The free-gradient gutter 100 of this embodiment has a height adjuster 20 and a mounting body 30 on a main body 10 of a general structure, but because both the height adjuster 20 and the mounting body 30 have extremely simple configurations, the increase in manufacturing costs is within an acceptable range. Furthermore, the increase in volume compared to conventional products is almost negligible.

[0031] Next, the steps of laying the free-gradient gutter 100 in this embodiment will be described with reference to Figs. 5 to 8. Fig. 5 is a flow diagram showing an example of the steps of laying the free-gradient gutter 100 in this embodiment, and Figs. 6 to 8 are front views showing the state in each step. First, as shown in Fig. 6(A), a worker excavates the original ground 200 at the laying location 210 of the free-gradient gutter 100. The excavation range (excavated soil volume) is the same as the excavation range (excavated soil volume) when laying a conventional product.

[0032] Next, workers build a foundation crushed stone layer 300 of the required thickness from the bottom of the excavation. The foundation crushed stone layer 300 is sufficiently compacted. Next, as shown in FIG. 7(A), workers temporarily install the main body 10 of the free-gradient gutter 100 using heavy machinery (not shown). In conventional technology, after the temporary installation of the main body 10, fine adjustments (leveling) of the height position are performed using a crowbar or the like, so a foundation concrete layer needs to be built on top of the foundation crushed stone layer 300. In contrast, in this embodiment, there is no need to use a crowbar to adjust the height position after temporary installation, so the construction of the foundation concrete layer can be omitted, reducing construction costs and significantly shortening the construction period.

[0033] Next, as shown in FIG. 7(B), the worker turns the bolt 22 of the height adjuster 20 with a power tool or the like to bring the ground plate 24 into contact with the top surface of the foundation crushed stone layer 300. Furthermore, since the bottom surface of the ground plate 24 in this embodiment has a protrusion 26 formed thereon, when the ground plate 24 comes into contact with the top surface of the foundation crushed stone layer 300, the rotation of the ground plate 24 is constrained by the foundation crushed stone layer 300. If the bolt 22, with the rotation of the ground plate 24 constrained in this manner, is rotated with a power tool or the like to adjust the amount of protrusion of the bolt 22 from the top surface of the second edge 34 (adjust the height), a rotational moment acts on the mounting body 30, which may cause the mounting body 30 to become misaligned. To address this concern, the mounting body 30 of this embodiment has a concave-convex fit between the convex portion 33 and the concave portion 15, allowing the protrusion length of the bolt 22 to be adjusted without causing the mounting body 30 (first edge 32) attached to the side wall 13 to become misaligned, even if a rotational moment acts on the mounting body 30. Thereafter, by further rotating the bolt 22, the height position of the second side 34 of the mounting body 30 relative to the bolt 22 (ie, the height position of the main body 10) can be moved upward.

[0034] As described above, according to the free-gradient gutter 100 of this embodiment, after the free-gradient gutter 100 has been temporarily installed using heavy machinery, a single worker can fine-tune (level) the installation height of the main body 10, thereby significantly reducing the labor required for construction work. Once the adjustment of the installation height of the main body 10 is complete, in most cases, as shown in FIG. 7(B), a gap 400 is formed between the bottom surface of the main body 10 and the upper surface of the foundation crushed stone layer 300, and the main body 10 is installed suspended above the upper surface of the foundation crushed stone layer 300.

[0035] Next, as shown in FIG. 8(A), the worker pours concrete 500 as filler into the gap 400 between the bottom surface of the main body 10 and the top surface of the foundation crushed stone layer 300. When pouring the concrete 500, it is preferable to form a simple formwork using baseboards or the like on the outer surface of the side wall 13. By pouring the concrete 500 into the gap 400, the main body 10, which was previously suspended in midair, can be placed (held) on the concrete 500, preventing the main body 10 from shifting position. Furthermore, using concrete 500 as filler in the free-slope gutter 100 also allows for simultaneous pouring of the invert of the free-slope gutter 100, thereby reducing the labor and cost of construction. When pouring the invert, a predetermined slope is created in the front-to-rear direction (length direction). After the concrete 500 has hardened to the extent that it will not deform when backfilled, workers use heavy machinery or the like to backfill with backfill material 600 such as excavated soil and compact the backfill material 600. Finally, a cover such as a grating (not shown) is placed over the opening 14, thereby completing the installation of the free-slope gutter 100.

[0036] As described above, according to the method for laying the free-gradient gutter 100 of this embodiment, the main body 10 can be temporarily installed using heavy machinery or the like without constructing a concrete foundation. Furthermore, fine adjustments to the installation height of the main body 10 after temporary installation can be easily performed by a single worker. Furthermore, pouring the concrete 500 to stably hold the main body 10 after installation is complete and pouring the invert of the free-gradient gutter 100 can be performed simultaneously. The above-mentioned advantages are advantageous in that they enable a significant reduction in the construction time and construction costs involved in laying the free-gradient gutter 100 in the prior art.

[0037] The concrete block of this embodiment has been described in detail above, using the free-gradient gutter 100 as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. For example, while the bolts 22 are used as the elongated members in this embodiment, the elongated members are not limited to bolts 22. Simple rods or plates may also be used as the elongated members. In this case, after adjusting the protruding length of the elongated members from the underside of the second side 34, a stopper must be provided to maintain the protruding length of the elongated members from the underside of the second side 34. Furthermore, although the present embodiment illustrates a configuration in which the protruding members 26 are arranged in a matrix on the bottom surface of the ground plate 24, the protruding members 26 may be omitted.

[0038] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the front view shapes of the recessed portion 15 and the protruding portion 33 are hexagonal, but the front view shapes of the recessed portion 15 and the protruding portion 33 are not limited to hexagonal, and a combination of a plate-shaped protruding portion 33 and a groove-shaped recessed portion 15 may be adopted. In short, the specific shape is not particularly limited as long as the protruding portion 33 of the mounting body 30 can be inserted into the recessed portion 15 while restricting rotation of the outer surface of the side wall 13 in the in-plane direction when facing the outer surface of the side wall 13.

[0039] Furthermore, in this embodiment, when attaching the mounting body 30 to the outer surface of the side wall 13, a recess 15 is formed in the outer surface of the side wall 13, and a protrusion 33 is formed that enters the recess 15, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in Fig. 9, a configuration can also be adopted in which multiple locations on the first edge 32 of the mounting body 30 are fixed to the outer surface of the side wall 13 with concrete nails 39. Even with this configuration, the first edge 32 of the mounting body 30 can be fixed in contact with the outer surface of the side wall 13 while being restricted from rotating in the in-plane direction of the outer surface of the side wall 13.

[0040] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a free-slope gutter 100 is exemplified as a concrete block, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration. The present invention is not limited to the free-slope gutter 100 as a drainage concrete block, but can also be applied to drainage concrete blocks such as U-shaped gutters and catch basins, and earth-retaining concrete blocks such as L-shaped retaining wall blocks 110. The mounting body 30 can also be a rectangular flat plate, as shown in FIG. 10 , with through-holes 36 drilled through it in the thickness direction of the member. When using such a mounting body 30, a mounting recess 115 having a cross-sectional shape that allows the mounting body 30 to be inserted is formed in the retaining wall side wall 113 of the L-shaped retaining wall block main body 111. By inserting the mounting body 30 into the mounting recess 115, the mounting body 30 can be attached to the outer surface of the retaining wall side wall 113 while being restricted from rotating in the in-plane direction.

[0041] In this embodiment, the height adjuster 20 and the mounting body 30 are illustrated as being buried in the installation location 210 together with the free-slope gutter 100, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration. When pouring concrete 500 into the gap 400 between the bottom surface of the main body 10 and the upper surface of the foundation crushed stone layer 300, a simple formwork can be formed to prevent the ground plate 24 and bolts 22 from being buried in the concrete 500. This allows the height adjuster 20 and the mounting body 30 to be removed from the main body 10 and then backfilled after the concrete 500 has hardened, which is advantageous in that the height adjuster 20 and the mounting body 30 can be used repeatedly.

[0042] Furthermore, it is also possible to adopt a form of drainage concrete block in which any of the above-described modified examples are combined together. [Explanation of symbols]

[0043] 10: Main body 12: Top plate, 13: Side wall, 14: Opening, 15: Recess 20: Height adjustment tool 22: Bolt (long body), 24: Ground plate (ground body), 26: Protruding body 30: Mounting body 32: First side, 33: Protrusion, 34: Second side, 36: Through hole, 38: Nut, 39: Concrete nail 100: Free-slope gutter (concrete block) 110: L-shaped retaining wall block (concrete block) 111: L-shaped retaining wall block body 113: Retaining wall side wall, 115: Mounting recess 200: Raw Ground 210: Installation location 300: Foundation crushed stone layer 400: Gap 500: Concrete (filling material) 600: Backfill material

Claims

1. a main body; a mounting body attached to the outer surface of the side wall of the main body in a state where rotation of the outer surface of the side wall in an in-plane direction is restricted when the mounting body is placed directly opposite the outer surface of the side wall, the mounting body having a through hole formed therein that stands up from the outer surface of the side wall and penetrates in a thickness direction of the member; a height adjuster that is attached to the through hole and is formed on an elongated body with a grounding body at its tip, A concrete block characterized in that the height adjustment tool is capable of changing the length of its protrusion from the through hole.

2. The concrete block of claim 1, characterized in that the mounting body has a first edge that abuts the outer surface of the side wall, and a second edge that is formed integrally with the first edge, stands up from the outer surface of the side wall, and has the through hole drilled therein.

3. A recess is formed on the outer surface of the side wall, 3. The concrete block according to claim 2, wherein a protrusion that fits into the recess is provided on the surface of the first edge that abuts against the outer surface of the side wall.

4. A concrete block as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a female thread portion is formed in at least a portion of the through hole, and the elongated body is a bolt that screws into the female thread portion.

5. 4. The concrete block according to claim 1, wherein the main body is a free-slope gutter.

6. a step of installing the main body after the foundation crushed stone layer at the laying location is constructed; a step of attaching a mounting body having a through hole drilled therethrough in a member thickness direction while restricting rotation of the outer surface of the side wall in an in-plane direction when the mounting body faces the outer surface of the side wall of the main body; a step of inserting a height adjustment tool formed of an elongated body having a grounding body at its tip into the through hole, bringing the grounding body into contact with the upper surface of the foundation crushed stone layer, and fixing the height adjustment tool to the mounting body while suspending the main body above the upper surface of the foundation crushed stone layer; A method for laying concrete blocks, characterized by including a step of pouring filler material between the top surface of the foundation crushed stone layer and the bottom surface of the main body portion.

7. the mounting body has a first side that abuts against an outer surface of the side wall, and a second side that is formed integrally with the first side, stands up from the outer surface of the side wall, and has the through hole drilled therein; a recess is formed on an outer surface of the side wall, and a protrusion that fits into the recess is provided on a surface of the first side that abuts against the outer surface of the side wall, A method for laying concrete blocks as described in claim 6, characterized in that the convex portion is fitted into the concave portion, thereby restricting rotation of the outer surface of the side wall in the in-plane direction when the first edge is facing directly toward the outer surface of the side wall.

8. a nut is attached to the second side in alignment with the position of the through hole, and the elongated body is a bolt, A method for laying concrete blocks as described in claim 7, characterized in that the amount of protrusion of the bolt from the second edge is adjusted to abut the grounding body against the upper surface of the foundation crushed stone layer, and the height adjustment device is fixed to the second edge in a state where the main body is raised above the upper surface of the foundation crushed stone layer.

9. The main body is a free-slope gutter and the filling material is concrete, The method for laying concrete blocks described in any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the process of pouring the filler material between the top surface of the foundation crushed stone layer and the bottom surface of the free-slope gutter also serves as pouring the invert of the free-slope gutter.

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