Building structure, and architectural structure including building structure

Abstract

To make it difficult to see a metal material used in a fixing portion of a beam when the fixing portion is looked up from below.SOLUTION: A building structure comprises a metal plate, a plurality of wooden beams whose tips are positioned so as to overlap the metal plate when viewed in a vertical direction, and a first fixing member that fixes the tips of the plurality of beams to the metal plate. The metal plate is hidden by the tips of the plurality of beams when viewed from below.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to building structures and constructions including building structures. [Background technology]

[0002] BACKGROUND ART Techniques for using metal materials in structures that support beams of buildings are known. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-013538 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 11-200492 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In buildings that use wooden beams, it may be undesirable for the metal materials used in the fixing parts of the beams to be visible from the standpoint of appearance, etc.

[0005] Therefore, an object of the present disclosure is to make the metal material used in the fixing portion of the beam less visible when looking up at the fixing portion from below. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] On one side, a metal plate; A plurality of wooden beams, each having a tip portion thereof arranged so as to overlap the metal plate when viewed in the vertical direction; a first fixing member that fixes a tip end portion of each of the plurality of beams to the metal plate; A building structure is provided in which the metal plate is hidden by the tips of each of the plurality of beams when viewed from below. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] According to the present disclosure, it is possible to make the metal material used in the fixing portion of the beam less visible when looking up at the fixing portion from below. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic side view illustrating an example of a building including a building structure. [Figure 2] FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a modified example without pillars. [Figure 3] 1. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the fixing portion structure of a plurality of beams, and is a plan view of the portion Q3 in FIG. 1 viewed from above in the up-down direction. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 3. [Figure 5] FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an example of a metal plate in a single piece state. [Figure 6] 10 is an explanatory diagram of another embodiment (modification) of the fixing portion structure of a plurality of beams, and is a plan view corresponding to FIG. [Figure 7] 5 is an explanatory diagram of another embodiment (modification) of the fixing portion structure of a plurality of beams, and is a cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] Each embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that the dimensional ratios in the drawings are merely examples and are not limiting. Furthermore, shapes and the like in the drawings may be partially exaggerated for the sake of explanation. Furthermore, in the drawings, for ease of viewing, reference symbols may be assigned only to some of the parts that exist with the same attribute.

[0010] Fig. 1 is a schematic side view showing an example of a building 1 including a building structure 10. Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a modified example. Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the fixing portion structure of multiple beams 12, and is a plan view of part Q3 in Fig. 1 viewed from above in the vertical direction. Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a plan view showing an example of a metal plate 20 in a single state.

[0011] In this embodiment, the building 1 is, for example, one-story, but it may have two or more floors and may have a basement. For example, if the building has two or more floors, the building structure 10 of this embodiment may be applied to the building structure of the top floor. In FIG. 1, the reference numeral 4 denotes the ground.

[0012] The building structure 10 of this embodiment includes a plurality of wooden beams 12 .

[0013] The number of beams 12 is arbitrary, but in this embodiment, there are 12. The beams 12 each have the same shape. However, in a modified example, the beams 12 may have different shapes (lengths, cross sections, etc.).

[0014] The beams 12 are arranged such that the tips on one side are located close to each other. The ends of the beams 12 on the other side may be supported by pillars 14 or the like. In this embodiment, the beams 12 are arranged radially from a certain point (hereinafter referred to as "center point O") as viewed from above. In this case, the beams 12 may be arranged in such a manner that the side view shown in FIG. 1 applies when viewed from any side.

[0015] Hereinafter, the terms circumferential direction and radial direction refer to a circle centered on a center point O in a top view. The radially inner side refers to the side closer to the center point O, and the radially outer side refers to the side away from the center point O.

[0016] Although the beams 12 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction around the center point O, they may be arranged at different intervals. In a modified example, the beams 12 may be arranged in a spiral shape when viewed from above.

[0017] In addition, in this embodiment, the multiple beams 12 are arranged radially in top view, and therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the tips on the side of the center point O are tapered in top view. As a result, the multiple beams 12 are arranged in a manner in which the tips on the side of the center point O are in contact with each other (in a manner in which they are in contact in the horizontal direction). In this case, in this embodiment, the tips on the side of the center point O are tapered at an inclined surface of 30 degrees in top view. In this case, the tips of the multiple beams 12 are in contact with each other without any gaps in the circumferential direction. Hereinafter, the extending range of such tapered portions, which is a circular range (circular range in top view) centered on the center point O, is also referred to as a "predetermined circular range." Note that in this case, it is easier to position the multiple beams 12, improving workability during construction.

[0018] The building structure 10 of this embodiment includes a column 14 positioned at a center point O in top view. The column 14 may be made of wood and may be supported by underground piles (not shown). The column 14 supports multiple beams 12 via metal plates 20, which will be described later. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the ends of the multiple beams 12 farther from the center point O are supported by the column 16.

[0019] As shown in Fig. 4, the column 14 may have a small diameter portion 142 at its upper end that is smaller than the outer diameter of the main body portion 141. In this case, the tip portions of the multiple beams 12 on the side of the center point O may have a shape that follows the radial step between the main body portion 141 and the small diameter portion 142, as shown in Fig. 4. In this case, the multiple beams 12 can be easily positioned, improving workability during construction. Note that, for ease of viewing, a gap is shown between the beam 12 and the column 14 in Fig. 4, but such a gap (particularly a gap in the vertical direction) will be eliminated.

[0020] In this embodiment, the beams 12 are inclined such that the end on the center point O side is higher than the end on the other side (see the inclination angle θ in FIG. 1). When the inclination angle θ (angle with respect to the horizontal plane) is relatively small or 0, the columns 14 may be omitted, as in the modified building 1A shown in FIG. 2.

[0021] The building structure 10 further includes a metal plate 20 and fixing members 30, 40 as fixing structures for the multiple beams 12.

[0022] The metal plate 20 is made of any metal material such as aluminum or iron, and is disposed on the upper end of the column 14. The metal plate 20 is provided in a manner facing the upper end surface of the column 14 from above in the vertical direction.

[0023] In this embodiment, the metal plate 20 has a circular shape as shown in FIG. 5. As shown in FIG. 3, the metal plate 20 is arranged so that the center of the circle is located at the center point O. The metal plate 20 is a plate material with a constant thickness, but the thickness may vary. For example, the metal plate 20 may have a plate thickness configuration in which the side closer to the center point O in the radial direction is thicker than the side farther away. The metal plate 20 preferably has a circular shape with an outer diameter that falls within the above-mentioned predetermined circular range when viewed from above. In this case, as will be described later, the metal plate 20 can be completely hidden from the tip ends (ends on the center point O side) of each of the multiple beams 12.

[0024] The metal plate 20 is disposed so as to overlap, in top view, the tip ends (ends on the side of the center point O) of the beams 12. The metal plate 20 is disposed so that its normal direction is the up-down direction.

[0025] 4, the metal plate 20 is connected to the beams 12 by being inserted into recesses 122 formed at the tips of the beams 12. The recesses 122 are recessed radially outward with an opening on the side of the center point O. The recesses 122 extend horizontally in correspondence with the horizontal metal plate 20.

[0026] 5, the metal plate 20 has a plurality of through holes 23, 24 (through holes 23, 24 in the vertical direction). The plurality of through holes 23, 24 function as holes through which fixing members 30, 40, which will be described later, pass.

[0027] The fixing members 30 fix the tip ends of the beams 12 to the metal plate 20. The fixing members 30 pass through the through holes 23 in the metal plate 20 and are fixed to the corresponding beams 12. In this case, the fixing members 30 extend above and below the metal plate 20. In this embodiment, two fixing members 30 are provided for each beam 12 (two radially separated locations), but the number may be one, or three or more. The fixing members 30 may be in the form of drift pins. The fixing members 30 are fixed to the beams 12 from above. The fixing members 30 do not penetrate to the lower sides of the beams 12. In other words, the fixing members 30 are hidden by the beams 12 when viewed from below and are not visible. In other words, the holes for the fixing members 30 in the beams 12 are open only on the upper side (they do not penetrate to the lower side). This makes the fixing members 30 that fix the multiple beams 12 invisible when viewed from below, improving the appearance when viewed from below.

[0028] After the fixing members 30 are placed in the holes in the beams 12, wooden material (not shown) may be filled in on the upper side. In this case, the wooden material acts as a lid, and the fixing members 30 are not visible even when viewed vertically from above, improving the appearance when viewed from above.

[0029] The fixing member 40 fixes the metal plate 20 to the upper end of the pillar 14 from above. The fixing member 40 is located at the center point O when viewed from above. The fixing member 40 passes through the through-hole 24 of the metal plate 20 and is fixed to the pillar 14. In this embodiment, the fixing member 40 is in the form of a bolt, and fastens the metal plate 20 to the upper end of the pillar 14. In this embodiment, only one fixing member 40 is used for the pillar 14, but multiple fixing members 40 may also be used. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the fixing member 40 extends upward from the upper end of the small diameter portion 142 of the pillar 14 to reach the main body portion 141.

[0030] The fixing member 40 is not visible when viewed from below, and the appearance when viewed from below can be improved.

[0031] In this embodiment, the metal plate 20 overlaps with the pillars 14 when viewed from below, radially inward of the tips of the multiple beams 12 (the tips on the side of the center point O). That is, when viewed from below, the area of ​​the metal plate 20 that is not hidden by the multiple beams 12 is hidden by the pillars 14. In this way, in this embodiment, the metal plate 20 is entirely hidden by the multiple beams 12 and the pillars 14 when viewed from below. This can improve the appearance when viewed from below.

[0032] In this embodiment, the fixing structure of the multiple beams 12 on the side of the center point O preferably does not use any metal material other than the metal plate 20 and the fixing members 30, 40. This makes the metal material substantially invisible when the area around the center point O is viewed from below, effectively improving the appearance.

[0033] In the above-described embodiment, the fixing member 30 is in the form of a drift pin, but is not limited thereto. For example, in the modified examples shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a fixing member 30A in the form of a bolt is used. In this case, as shown in FIG. 7, the metal plate 20 may be disposed on the upper surfaces of multiple beams 12. In this case, the metal plate 20 is visible when viewed from above, but the appearance when viewed from below can still be improved. In FIG. 7, for ease of viewing, gaps are shown between the beams 12 and the columns 14, and between the metal plate 20 and the beams 12 or columns 14, but such gaps (particularly gaps in the vertical direction) are eliminated.

[0034] Although each embodiment has been described in detail above, it is not limited to the specific embodiment, and various modifications and changes are possible within the scope of the claims. It is also possible to combine all or a plurality of components of the above-described embodiments.

[0035] For example, in the above-described embodiment, the beams 12 are arranged in a conical shape, but they may also be arranged in a polygonal pyramid shape. Furthermore, the beams 12 are arranged so as to converge at one point (center point O), but they may also be arranged to form a line (ridge line) or a surface. For example, the beams 12 may be arranged in a truncated quadrangle. They may also be arranged so that the ends (radially inner ends) of the beams 12 are located on each side of the top plane (rectangular plane in top view). In this case, the metal plate 20 may have a rectangular shape in top view. [Explanation of symbols]

[0036] 1, 1A Buildings 10 Building Structure 12 Beam 14 pillars 20 metal plates 23 through hole 24 through holes 30, 30A: Fixing member (an example of a first fixing member) 40 Fixing member (an example of a second fixing member) 122 recess 141 Main body 142 Small diameter section

Claims

1. A metal plate and A plurality of wooden beams, each having a tip portion thereof arranged so as to overlap the metal plate when viewed in the vertical direction; a first fixing member that fixes a tip end portion of each of the plurality of beams to the metal plate; A building structure wherein the metal plate is hidden by the tips of each of the plurality of beams when viewed from below.

2. The plurality of beams are arranged inclined with respect to a horizontal plane such that the tip portions of the beams overlapping the metal plate are positioned higher than the tip portions of the beams on the other side when viewed in the up-down direction, a pillar having an upper end covered with the metal plate; a second fixing member that fixes the metal plate to the upper end of the column from above, The building structure according to claim 1 , wherein the metal plate is entirely hidden by the beams and the columns when viewed from below.

3. The metal plate has a circular shape when viewed in the vertical direction, The building structure according to claim 2 , wherein the beams have a tapered shape in a region overlapping the metal plate when viewed in the vertical direction.

4. The plurality of beams are arranged radially around the pillar when viewed in the vertical direction, and the tip ends are spaced apart in the longitudinal direction so that at least a part of the pillar is visible when viewed in the vertical direction from above, The building structure according to claim 3 , wherein the second fixing member overlaps at least a portion of the pillar when viewed in the vertical direction.

5. The building structure according to claim 2 , wherein the metal included in the structure supporting the tip ends of each of the plurality of beams comprises the metal plate, the first fixing member, and the second fixing member.

6. A building comprising a building structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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