Beam combination slab of slab bridge and construction method

Abstract

To provide a beam combination slab of a slab bridge and a construction method of the beam combination slab.SOLUTION: A beam combination slab 5 of a slab bridge 1 has beams arranged side by side in a direction Y perpendicular to a bridge axis. The beams are T-shaped beams 10 made of reinforced concrete with flanges 11 and webs 13, each including a normal beam 20 with a flange above the web and a reverse beam 21 with a flange below the web. Flange protrusion width 12b, flange thickness 11t, web height 13h, and web thickness 13 t are of the same dimensions. A vertical surface 13V of the web 13 of the reverse beam, a horizontal surface 12H of a flange protrusion 12, and a vertical surface 12V of the flange protrusion 12 are joined oppositely to the vertical surface 12V of the flange protrusion of the normal beam, the horizontal surface 12H of the flange protrusion, and the vertical surface 13V of the web, respectively and the flange protrusion of the reverse beam and the flange protrusion of the normal beam are connected by connection bolts 35, which are connection means.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This invention relates to a beam that constitutes a combined beam deck for the construction of a new superstructure or the replacement of an existing deck bridge in a small-scale deck bridge of the simply supported type. The bridge in question is intended for use as a roadway bridge. [Background technology]

[0002] Small concrete road bridges and stone bridges managed by local governments across the country have deteriorated over the decades since their construction. Deteriorating bridges that have exceeded the repair limit are replaced. In such cases, due to budgetary constraints and the need to simplify procedures, local governments may choose to replace only the superstructure at their own expense, without relying on national subsidies. In order to shorten construction time and simplify construction management, the replacement method often involves arranging deck slabs manufactured in a factory on-site.

[0003] Generally, factory-made deck slabs are plate-shaped concrete products that are 1m wide per piece and manufactured to fit the bridge length according to the site dimensions. They are transported to the site, arranged in parallel, and then pavement is installed to complete the construction. However, unlike RC deck slabs that are constructed on-site, these products either cannot be joined together when they are arranged in parallel, or they are joined using simple methods. As a result, the deflection of adjacent deck slabs differs when vehicles pass over them, which can cause cracks in the asphalt pavement and require repairs. Local governments often struggle to choose between cast-in-place or factory-made deck slabs as a construction method.

[0004] Patent Document 1 (paragraphs 1, 15-18, 31-32, Figure 1) describes that in a small bridge 1 of approximately 10m or less, consisting of abutment blocks 10, ground cover blocks 20, deck blocks 30, and protective fences (parapets) 40, the deck blocks 30 are made of multiple PC panels approximately 1.5m wide that are precast into flat concrete plates, and that the deck blocks 30 may be tightly fitted together, may have packing between them, or may have drainage gaps.

[0005] Patent Document 2 (paragraphs 1, 4-7, 9-13, 33-36, Figures 4-6, 11) shows, as an example, a PC deck bridge in which a large number of PC girders 1 made of I-shaped columns are arranged in parallel in the bridge width direction (Figure 11), and both ends of each PC girder 1 in the bridge length direction are supported by piers 2. In repairing or newly constructing a PC deck bridge, an upper bearing plate 12 is arranged to straddle the upper surfaces 1a of adjacent PC girders 1, and a lower bearing plate 13 is arranged to straddle the lower surfaces 1b of the adjacent PC girders 1, and the upper bearing plate 12 and the lower bearing plate 13 are arranged to straddle the upper surfaces 1a of the adjacent PC girders 1, and the upper bearing plate 12 and the lower bearing plate 13 are arranged to straddle the lower surfaces 1b of the adjacent PC girders 1. The document describes a PC deck bridge in which adjacent PC girders 1 are clamped between upper support plates 12 and lower support plates 13 by fastening them with fastening rods or fastening cables 14 that can be inserted vertically through long grooves 3 extending in the direction of the bridge length between the PC girders 1, or through the interfacial filling concrete 4 filled in the long grooves 3, and it is stated that this adequately solves the problem of the PC girders individually deflecting, causing cracks in the interfacial filling concrete, and even cracks and unevenness in the road surface.

[0006] Patent Document 3 (paragraphs 1, 17-19, 25, 35, Figures 1, 6(a)(b), 7) describes a method in which a plurality of structural steels 1, such as H-shaped steel or I-shaped steel, each having a flange 33 and a web portion, are arranged in parallel in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction thereof, and in order to improve the transmission of vertical shear force between adjacent structural steels 1 in the horizontal direction, in Figures 6(a)(b), a bearing step 38 having a vertical vertical wall surface 36 and a flat bearing surface 37 connected thereto is provided on the upper surface of the widthwise tip end side of the upper flange 33a of one of the adjacent structural steels 1, and a flat bearing surface 37 is provided on the lower surface of the widthwise tip end side of the upper flange 33a of the other structural steel 1. The document describes a slab-like panel for a deck slab using structural steel, which has a supported step 39 having a vertical surface 40 that engages with a vertical wall surface 36 and an engaging lower surface 41 connected thereto, the support step 38 and the supported step 39 being continuous in the longitudinal direction of the member, and further has openings 6 in the web portion of the structural steel 1, and rod-shaped members 7 such as steel pipes, reinforcing bars, and steel bars are inserted across each of the openings 6 to introduce tensile force, thereby forming shear keys that can withstand the shear force that is constantly generated in the structural steel 1, and a time-hardening material 8 such as concrete is filled in the space surrounded by the structural steel 1 to integrate the whole, preventing misalignment between multiple structural steels 1 and eliminating differential deflection of the upper surface.

[0007] Patent Document 4 (paragraphs 1, 4, 11-15, 19-27, and figures 1-6) describes a precast slab that constitutes a floor to be installed in a structure having columns and beams, in which adjacent precast slabs 5a and 5b have different shapes of the longitudinal side edges facing each other, with one precast slab 5a having a lower half-convex side edge 11 with only the lower half protruding convexly in the horizontal direction, and the other precast slab 5b having an upper half-convex side edge 6 shaped to fit with the lower half-convex side edge 11, and a connecting bolt 13 is provided on the upper end surface 11a of the lower half-convex side edge 11, and a connecting bolt 14 is provided on the upper half-convex side edge 11. The precast slabs are joined together in such a way that the lower end surface 6a of the upper semi-convex side end 6 and the upper end surface 11a of the lower semi-convex side end 11 are brought into face-to-face contact with each other, and fastening bolts 13 are passed through the bolt holes 8 and nuts 13a are fitted into them to fasten them together. This describes a joining structure for precast slabs used for floors as structures with columns and beams, which allows for easy adjustment of the horizontal level to create a highly accurate floor, prevents fire from spreading to upper floors in the event of a fire, and is easy to dismantle.

[0008] Patent Document 5 (first column, line 15 to second column, line 16, figures 1 to 4) describes a floorboard consisting of connecting material A, in which the width of the lower plate 2 of a U-shaped cross-section material 1 made of extruded plastic is made wider than the width of the upper plate 3, and protruding walls 4 are formed on both side edges pointing upward, central floor material B, in which both side plates 6 and 7 of a long material 5 made of extruded U-shaped cross-section are shaped to fit into the side recesses of connecting material A, and end floor material C, in which one side plate 9 of a long material 8 made of extruded U-shaped cross-section is shaped to fit into the side recesses of connecting material A, and connecting material A and central floor material B are connected to form a predetermined width, and the shapes of the side plates 6 and 7 of the U-shaped cross-section material 5 and the shape of the side recesses of connecting material A are formed to be the same, so that they fit together and do not rattle. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0009] [Patent Document 1] Patent Publication No. 2023-75759 [Patent Document 2] Patent Publication No. 2005-281969 [Patent Document 3] Patent Publication No. 2008-169619 [Patent Document 4] Patent Publication No. 2005-220528 [Patent Document 5] Jikko Showa 51-002892 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0010] In the prior art invention described in Patent Document 1, deck blocks 30 are precast concrete flat slabs approximately 1.5 meters wide. The deck blocks 30 are configured to be tightly fitted together, with packing intervening, or with drainage gaps. However, there remains the issue of differential deflection between the deck blocks 30. The invention described in Patent Document 2 uses separate upper and lower bearing plates 12 and 13 for adjacent PC girders 1, fastening them with fastening rods 14 that penetrate concrete 4 vertically. The adjacent PC girders 1 are sandwiched between the upper and lower bearing plates 12 and 13. However, this method uses prestressed concrete girders, fastening the girders to separate upper and lower bearing plates, and requires lateral tightening. This method relies heavily on auxiliary members for connection, and lacks direct connection of the PC girders. Furthermore, the use of PC girders poses challenges for application to small-scale deck bridges. In the invention described in Patent Document 3, the supporting step 38 of one adjacent shaped steel 1 and the supported step 39 of the other shaped steel 1 are configured to additionally improve shear force transmission, but the main shear key is configured by inserting a rod-shaped member 7 such as a steel bar into the web part of the shaped steel 1 to introduce tensile force, and concrete is filled into the space surrounded by the shaped steel 1 to integrate the whole, requiring high precision in processing the flange ends. Furthermore, as it is a hybrid structure of steel and concrete, it is very expensive and requires long construction costs and construction periods, posing challenges for application to small-scale deck bridges. The invention described in Patent Document 4 is a precast slab that constitutes a floor installed in a structure with columns and beams, and has a joint structure in which the upper semi-convex side end 6 of the precast slab 5 fits into the lower semi-convex side end 11 of the precast slab 5a, and connecting bolts 13 pass through bolt holes 8 and are fitted with nuts 13a to fasten them together.However, it has issues such as easily adjusting the horizontal level to create a high-precision floor, preventing fire from spreading to upper floors in the event of a fire, and being easy to dismantle, so it cannot be used for deck bridge beams.The invention described in Patent Document 5 is a floor surface that does not cause rattle, consisting of a central deck material B formed on the lower plate 2 of a cross-section shape material 1 in a shape that fits into the side recesses of a connecting material A having a projecting wall 4 and an upper plate portion 3, and the deck material is a molded plastic material, so it has issues such as creating a beautiful floor surface, so it cannot be used for deck bridge beams.

[0011] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above problems, and aims to provide a deck structure and construction method for a deck bridge that can be used to replace small-scale deteriorated concrete road bridges, that uses reinforced concrete members that are manufactured in a concrete product factory in principle but can also be manufactured on-site, that shortens the replacement construction time, and that does not cause differences in deflection between deck members. [Means for solving the problem]

[0012] The invention according to claim 1 of the present application is a combined beam deck of a deck bridge having beams arranged in parallel in a direction perpendicular to the bridge axis, the beams being T-beams made of reinforced concrete having flanges and webs, the beams comprising a normal beam in which the flange of the T-beam is provided at the upper end of the web, and a reverse beam in which the flange of the T-beam is provided at the lower end of the web, the flanges having a pair of flange protrusions protruding like wings from the web, the flange protrusion width, flange thickness, web height and web thickness being configured to be the same dimensions, the reverse beam and the normal beam being: The vertical surface of the web on the positive beam side of the reverse beam and the vertical surface of the flange protrusion on the negative beam side of the positive beam are joined opposite to each other, the horizontal surface of the flange protrusion on the positive beam side of the negative beam and the horizontal surface of the flange protrusion on the negative beam side of the positive beam are joined opposite to each other, the vertical surface of the flange protrusion on the positive beam side of the negative beam and the vertical surface of the web on the negative beam side of the positive beam are joined opposite to each other, and the flange protrusion on the negative beam and the flange protrusion on the positive beam are connected by a connecting means. Slab bridge consisting of beam-combined slabs is.

[0013] The invention according to claim 2 of the present application is characterized in that the connecting means comprises connecting bolts inserted into connecting holes provided in the flange protruding portions, and adhesive applied to the vertical and horizontal surfaces of the reverse beam and the forward beam. Slab bridge consisting of beam-combined slabs is.

[0014] The invention according to claim 3 of the present application is characterized in that the beam combination deck is provided with an end beam at the end in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis, and the end beam is an L-shaped end beam in which one flange protrusion of the T-shaped beam remains and the other flange protrusion is missing, or a horizontal T-shaped end beam in which the T-shaped beam is rotated 90 degrees in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis. Slab bridge consisting of beam-combined slabs is.

[0015] The invention according to claim 4 of the present application is characterized in that the beam combination deck has a predetermined oblique angle, and the T-shaped beam has arc-shaped ends at both ends in the bridge axis direction. Slab bridge consisting of beam-combined slabs is.

[0016] The invention according to claim 5 of the present application is a construction method for a combined beam deck of a deck bridge having beams arranged in parallel in a direction perpendicular to the bridge axis, wherein the beams are reinforced concrete T-shaped beams having flanges and webs, and the method comprises a normal beam in which the flange of the T-shaped beam is provided at the upper end of the web, and a reverse beam in which the flange of the T-shaped beam is provided at the lower end of the web, and the flange has a pair of flange protrusions that protrude like wings from the web, and the flange protrusion width, flange thickness, web height and web thickness are configured to be the same dimensions, and the reverse beam and The positive beam is joined such that the vertical surface of the web on the positive beam side of the reverse beam and the vertical surface of the flange protrusion on the reverse beam side of the positive beam are opposed to each other, the horizontal surface of the flange protrusion on the positive beam side of the reverse beam and the horizontal surface of the flange protrusion on the reverse beam side of the positive beam are opposed to each other, and the vertical surface of the flange protrusion on the positive beam side of the reverse beam and the vertical surface of the web on the reverse beam side of the positive beam are opposed to each other, and the flange protrusion of the reverse beam and the flange protrusion of the positive beam are connected by a connecting means. The deck bridge consisting of the beam combination deckthe step of installing the bridge between both abutments includes at least the steps of: arranging one of the reverse beams in the bridge axis direction between the both abutments from one side in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis between the both abutments; arranging the other reverse beam in the bridge axis direction between the both abutments at a predetermined interval in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis; arranging the normal beam between the pair of reverse beams in the bridge axis direction between the both abutments and joining the reverse beam and the normal beam facing each other; and connecting the flange protruding portion of the reverse beam and the flange protruding portion of the normal beam by connecting means. Slab bridge consisting of beam-combined slabs This is the construction method.

[0017] The invention according to claim 6 of the present application is characterized in that the step of connecting by the connecting means includes at least a step of connecting by inserting connecting bolts into connecting holes provided in the flange protruding portions, and a step of applying adhesive to the vertical surfaces and the horizontal surfaces of the reverse beam and the forward beam. Slab bridge consisting of beam-combined slabs This is the construction method. [Effects of the Invention]

[0018] The beams of the beam-combined deck slab of this invention are T-shaped beams with flanges and webs made of reinforced concrete. These beams can be fabricated in a concrete product factory or, under specified control standards, on-site in a yard. By configuring the flange protrusion width, flange thickness, web height, and web thickness of the beams to the same dimensions, the normal beams of the T-shaped beams with the flanges facing up and the reverse beams of the T-shaped beams with the flanges facing down can be alternately joined in parallel perpendicular to the bridge axis and connected to form an integral deck structure using connecting means. Therefore, since a single reinforced concrete T-shaped beam is fabricated in a factory and then assembled on-site, construction time is shortened. Furthermore, the integral deck structure eliminates differential deflection between adjacent decks due to vehicle traffic. In the invention described in Patent Document 1, the floor block 30 (corresponding to the reinforced concrete T-beam of the present application) is a flat, precast concrete panel, which differs from the "T-beam" of the present application, and the floor block 30 is not connected to each other. In the invention described in Patent Document 2, for example, the PC girder 1 (corresponding to the reinforced concrete T-beam of the present application) consisting of an I-shaped column is an I-shaped PC girder, which differs from the "reinforced concrete T-beam" of the present application. Furthermore, because PC girders have PC steel wires arranged in the girder, they cannot be "inverted beams in which the flange of the T-beam is provided at the bottom end of the web" as in the present invention. In the invention described in Patent Document 3, the structural steel 1 (corresponding to the reinforced concrete T-beam of the present application) is an I-shaped steel girder, which differs from the "reinforced concrete T-beam" of the present application. Furthermore, there is no mention of the structural steel 1 being configured "to include a normal beam in which the flange of the T-beam is provided at the upper end of the web, and an inverted beam in which the flange of the T-beam is provided at the lower end of the web." The invention described in Patent Document 4 is directed to adjacent precast slabs 5a and 5b (corresponding to the reinforced concrete T-beams of the present application) of precast slabs that constitute a floor (corresponding to the deck of the present application) installed in a structure (corresponding to the deck bridge of the present application) equipped with columns and beams. However, even when the upper semi-convex side end 6 of precast slab 5b is placed downward, it does not have the same shape as the lower semi-convex side end 11 of precast slab 5a, and there is no mention of the configuration "to include a normal beam in which the flange of the T-beam is provided at the upper end of the web, and an inverted beam in which the flange of the T-beam is provided at the lower end of the web." Furthermore, the problem to be solved by the invention described in Patent Document 4 is "a joint structure of precast slabs used for floors as structures with columns and beams, which can be easily adjusted to a horizontal level to create a highly accurate floor, can prevent the spread of fire to upper floors in the event of a fire, and can be easily dismantled," and the technical field also belongs to the so-called building structure field, which is different from the technical field and problem of the present invention.The invention described in Patent Document 5 is a rattle-free plastic floor panel (corresponding to the floor slab of the present application) consisting of a central floor material B (corresponding to the reinforced concrete T-beam of the present application) formed to fit into the side recess of a connecting material A (corresponding to the reinforced concrete T-beam of the present application) having a projecting wall 4 and an upper plate portion 3 on the lower plate 2 of a cross-section-shaped member 1. However, the connecting material A and the central floor material B are made of plastic and have a cross-section-shaped shape, which differs from the "reinforced concrete T-beam" of the present application. Furthermore, there is no mention of the connecting material A and the central floor material B being configured as "a normal beam with the flange of the T-beam attached to the upper end of the web, and an inverted beam with the flange of the T-beam attached to the lower end of the web." Furthermore, the problem of the invention described in Patent Document 5, which is to create a "beautiful floor surface without rattle," falls within the so-called building structure field, which differs from the technical field and problem of the present invention.

[0019] In addition, by using connecting bolts inserted into the connecting holes and adhesive applied to the joint surfaces as connecting means, construction time can be shortened and a one-piece deck structure with no deflection difference can be created, ensuring the reliability of the one-piece structure and impermeability to rainwater.

[0020] In addition, by using L-shaped end beams, which are T-beams with the other flange protrusion missing, or horizontal T-beams, which are T-beams rotated 90 degrees, for the end beams at the end perpendicular to the bridge axis of the deck slab, end processing and simple ground covering can be formed, shortening construction time. Furthermore, because the component shape is isotropic, it is possible to reuse the formwork for T-beams when manufacturing horizontal T-beam end beams. Furthermore, since L-shaped end beams are formed simply by missing the other flange protrusion of a T-beam, beam formation is easy and efficient.

[0021] In addition, by making the ends of the T-beam in the bridge axis direction arc-shaped, it can also be used with slanted deck slabs, making it applicable to a wide range of deck bridges.Furthermore, the curved-end T-beams used can be formed efficiently by simply changing the formwork shape at both ends of the T-beam during manufacturing.

[0022] In addition, the construction process for beam combination decks mainly involves assembling precast T-beams, which reduces the number of on-site construction tasks and shortens construction time.Furthermore, by connecting the flange protrusions with connecting means, it is possible to form a high-quality, integrated deck structure with no deflection differences.

[0023] In addition, by combining the process of connecting using the connecting means by connecting the connecting bolts to the connecting holes and applying adhesive, construction time is shortened, and reliability and impermeability to rainwater are ensured. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0024] [Figure 1] This is a slab bridge with a beam-combined slab according to Example 1 (straight bridge) of the present invention, where (a) is a front view of the slab bridge, (b) is a plan view, (c) is a cross-sectional view of the beam-combined slab, and (d) is an enlarged view of the support part. [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a beam combination deck according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] 1A is a plan view of a T-shaped beam made of reinforced concrete that constitutes a beam-combined floor slab according to Example 1 of the present invention, FIG. 1B is a front view of the same, and FIG. 1C is a cross-sectional view of the same. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the joining and connection of a braided beam formed by an inverted beam and a normal beam of a T-shaped beam according to Example 1 of the present invention. [Figure 5] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the joint and connection between a T-shaped beam and an L-shaped end beam according to Example 1 of the present invention. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the joint and connection between a T-shaped beam and a horizontal T-shaped end beam according to Example 1 of the present invention. [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is a plan view of a skew bridge deck bridge with a combined beam deck according to Example 2 (skew bridge) of the present invention, in which skew T-beams are used. [Figure 8] FIG. 10 is a partial plan view of a skew bridge with a combined beam deck according to Example 3 (skew bridge) of the present invention, in which curved T-shaped beams are used at the ends. [Figure 9] 1A and 1B are plan and cross-sectional views of a step of installing substructure connecting anchor bolts on both side abutments in a construction method for a beam-combined deck according to Example 1 (straight bridge) of the present invention. [Figure 10] (a) is a plan view, and (b) is a cross-sectional view of the process of arranging the reverse beams in the bridge axis direction, starting from one side perpendicular to the bridge axis. [Figure 11] (a) is a plan view, and (b) is a cross-sectional view of the process of arranging a positive beam between a pair of negative beams in the bridge axis direction and connecting the negative beam and positive beam. [Figure 12] (a) is a plan view, and (b) is a cross-sectional view of the process of repeating the arrangement and connection of reverse beams and normal beams until a predetermined width is reached. [Figure 13] (a) is a plan view, and (b) is a cross-sectional view of the process of installing end beams at both ends perpendicular to the bridge axis. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0025] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below. The materials, shapes, and dimensions of the components described below are merely examples, and changes are subject to design considerations.

[0026] <Coordinate axes> The drawings show the coordinate axes X (bridge axis direction), Y (perpendicular to the bridge axis), and Z (vertical direction). The deck surface of a deck bridge is the XY (horizontal) plane formed by the X axis in the bridge axis direction and the Y axis perpendicular to the bridge axis.

[0027] <Definition> Up, down: The vertical direction from the XY plane is the Z axis. The abutment is called the substructure and the deck is called the superstructure, so the positive direction of the Z axis is called "up" and the negative direction of the Z axis is called "down." Vertical plane: The plane formed by the vertical direction (Z axis) and the bridge axis direction (X axis). Horizontal plane: The plane formed by the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis (Y axis) and the bridge axis direction (X axis). T-beam: A beam in the shape of a T, with a flange and a web. T-beam straight beam: A T-beam with a flange at the top end of the web, forming a T shape. Inverted T-beam: A T-beam with an inverted T shape that has a flange at the bottom end of the web. Flange protrusion: A part of the flange provided at the upper or lower end of the web, which protrudes in both wing-like (both directions) directions from the upper or lower end of the web perpendicular to the bridge axis. Width and thickness determine the flange shape: The width is perpendicular to the bridge axis, and the thickness is vertical. Height and thickness determine the web shape: The vertical direction is called height, and the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis is called thickness.

[0028] <Overall overview of deck bridge, Example 1: Straight bridge> FIG. 1 illustrates a deck bridge 1 with a beam-combined deck 5 (simply referred to as deck 5) according to a first embodiment of the present invention, a straight bridge with a skew angle θ of 90 degrees. FIG. 1(a) is a front view of the deck bridge 1, and FIG. 1(b) is a plan view. The deck bridge 1 is erected in the bridge axis direction (X) between abutments 2 on both sides. One abutment 2 is a fixed-side abutment 2A equipped with a fixed bearing 2AS, and the other is a movable-side abutment 2B equipped with a movable bearing 2BS. Abutments 2A and 2B are equipped with substructure connecting anchor bolts 2C, whose upper portions protrude from the bridge seat 2S and are fixedly or movably connected to the beam-combined deck 5. See FIG. 1(d). The skew angle θ is the angle between the downstream river flow direction (the center of the river channel) and the bridge axis.

[0029] <Floor slab overview> As shown in Figures 1(a) and 1(b), the beam combination deck 5 spanning the bridge axis direction (X) between abutments 2 and 2 is a beam combination deck 5 with beams arranged in parallel in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis (Y). The beam combination deck 5 has a ground cover 6 and pavement 7, and is also equipped with protective fences and bridge deck waterproofing (not shown).

[0030] As shown in Figure 1(C), the beam combination slab 5 has beams arranged side by side in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis (Y). The beams are reinforced concrete T-beams 10 with flanges 11 and webs 13 of predetermined dimensions. The T-beams 10 are made of reinforced concrete and include a T-beam 20 (hereinafter referred to as a "normal beam") with the flange 11 attached to the upper end of the web 13, and a T-beam 21 (hereinafter referred to as a "reverse beam") with the flange 13 attached to the lower end of the web 13. Because the T-beam 10 is composed of isotropic flanges 11 and webs 13 of predetermined dimensions, the normal beams 20 and the reverse beams 21 are arranged opposite each other, and are joined at their opposing surfaces. In Figure 1(C), as an example, four reverse beams 21 and three normal beams 20 are alternately arranged opposite each other in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis (Y), forming a beam combination slab 5 of a predetermined width. Furthermore, end beams 22A and 22B capable of forming ground coverings 6 are provided at both ends of the beam combination deck 5 in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis (Y). The number of each of the reverse beams 21 and normal beams 20 that make up the beam combination deck 5 is determined by the dimensions of the beam members and the required width.

[0031] The "flange 11 and web 13 of predetermined dimensions with isotropic component shapes" described above refers to a pair of flange protrusions 12 that protrude from the web like wings, with the flange protrusion width 12b, flange thickness 11t, web height 13h, and web thickness 13t all having the same dimensions. Therefore, the inverted beam 21 is the same as the normal beam 20 rotated 180 degrees (also referred to as a single T-beam 10). For the flange protrusions 12, flange protrusion width 12b, flange thickness 11t, web height 13h, and web thickness 13t, see the definitions and Figure 4.

[0032] The construction of the beam combination deck 5 involves fabricating a single reinforced concrete T-beam 10 in a factory (a so-called precast concrete T-beam), and then assembling the single T-beam 10, the straight beam 20 and the reverse beam 21, with connecting means at the construction site, thereby shortening construction time. Furthermore, because the straight beam 20 and the reverse beam 21, which are joined opposite each other, are connected with connecting means, the deck is constructed as an integrated structure with no difference in deflection between adjacent decks due to vehicle traffic.

[0033] <Deck perspective view and end beam> FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a beam combination deck 5 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It shows that single T-shaped beams, namely, straight beams 20 and reverse beams 21, are alternately arranged in parallel in a direction perpendicular to the bridge axis to form an integral beam combination deck 5. By arranging the straight beams 20 and reverse beams 21 facing each other, the vertical surface 13V of the web 13 of the reverse beam 21 and the vertical surface 12V of the flange protrusion 12 of the straight beam 20 face to face with each other; the horizontal surface 12H of the flange protrusion 12 of the reverse beam 21 and the horizontal surface 12H of the flange protrusion 12 of the straight beam 20 face to face with each other; and the vertical surface 12V of the flange protrusion 12 of the reverse beam 21 and the vertical surface 13V of the web 13 of the straight beam 20 face to face with each other. The flange protrusion 12 of the reverse beam 21 and the flange protrusion 12 of the straight beam 20 are connected by connecting bolts 35, which serve as connecting means. As the ground protection 6, an L-shaped end beam 22A is arranged at the left end in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis (Y), with the other flange protrusion 12 of the T-beam 10 missing, and a ground protection 6 of the desired shape is formed at the upper end. At the right end in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis (Y), a horizontal T-shaped end beam 22B is arranged, with the normal beam 20 of the T-beam 10 rotated 90 degrees to the right, and the flange protrusion 12 protruding at the top plays the role of the ground protection 6.

[0034] <Reinforced concrete T-beam> FIG. 3 illustrates a standard T-beam 10 made of reinforced concrete that constitutes the beam-combined deck 5 according to Example 1 of the present invention, showing a straight beam 20 of the T-beam 10. FIG. 3(a) is a plan view, (b) is a front view, and (c) is a cross-sectional view. In the straight beam 20 of the T-beam 10, the flange 11 is provided horizontally at the upper end of the web 13. As an example, the straight beam 20 of the T-beam 10 has a length L of 6000 mm, a flange width 11b of 600 mm, a beam height 14h of 400 mm, a flange protrusion width 12b of 200 mm, a flange thickness 11t of 200 mm, a web thickness 13t of 200 mm, and a web height 13h of 200 mm.

[0035] The flange 11 has a pair of flange protrusions 12 that protrude like wings from the web 13. The flange protrusion width 12b, flange thickness 11t, web height 13h, and web thickness 13t are all the same dimensions. Because the component shape is isotropic, the reverse beam 21 is the normal beam 20 rotated 180 degrees (also referred to as a single T-beam), and by placing the normal beam 20 and the reverse beam 21 opposite each other, the opposing surfaces can be joined.

[0036] A pair of connecting holes 15 (φ30 mm) are provided in the flange protrusion 12 of the flange 11 of the reinforced concrete T-beam 10 (L = 6000 mm) in the bridge axis direction, for example, at 11 locations on each side. As an example, stainless steel bolts M22 can be inserted into these holes. In addition, the web 13 is provided with substructure connecting holes 16 (φ100 mm), which are anchor bolt holes, one at each end of the T-beam 10 in the bridge axis direction.

[0037] The reinforced concrete T-beam 10 is intended for use in roadway bridges. It is a so-called precast reinforced concrete T-beam 10, which is generally fabricated in a concrete product factory or on-site using formwork of specified specifications. The concrete strength is, for example, 24 to 40 N / mm2, and the reinforcing bars are SD295 or SD345. The reinforced concrete T-beam 10 is constructed by joining an inverted beam 21 with the flange 11 facing downwards and a normal beam 20 with the flange 11 facing upwards. However, since the structure is simple and prestressed, the inverted beam 21 can be rotated 180 degrees from the normal beam (also referred to as a single T-beam). Since the T-beam 10 is intended for use in the deck 5 of a small-scale deck bridge 1, and is used for the normal beam 20 and inverted beam 21, no camber is added.

[0038] <Manufacturing procedure for reinforced concrete T-shaped beams> (a) They are manufactured in a concrete product factory or in an on-site construction yard. They are standard T-shaped beams 10 made of so-called precast reinforced concrete. On-site construction yards are used only when there are transportation or other obstacles, and they are manufactured in accordance with specified management standards. (b) Arrange the reinforcement as specified in the design calculations within the formwork. (c) Place void formwork for the connection holes 15 of the pair of flange protrusions 12 and the substructure connection holes 16 of the web 13. Note that the accuracy of the position and height of the connection holes 15 of the flange protrusions 12 is important for beam joining, so adhere to the specified placement accuracy. (d) For straight bridges, end formwork with a skew angle θ = 90 degrees is used. For the example of a skew bridge described later, end formwork for a triangular skew T-beam 25 with a skew angle θ = 39 degrees and end formwork for a curved T-beam 26 with an arc-shaped curved surface with an end curvature radius R are used. (e) After the formwork is installed, concrete that meets various control standards is poured. (f) After the strength is reached, the formwork is demolded. (g) After the specified curing period, prepare for shipment to the site.

[0039] <End beam manufacturing procedure> It is manufactured by partially modifying the manufacturing procedure for the reinforced concrete T-beam 10 described above. (1) L-shaped end beam 22A One flange protrusion 12 of the normal beam 20 of the standard T-beam 10 is left intact, while the other flange protrusion 12 is missing. Only the different procedures will be described below. (b) Assemble a formwork with the other flange protrusion 12 removed, and arrange reinforcement in the remaining flange protrusion 12 and web 13 according to design calculations. (c) Place void formwork for the connection holes 15 of the remaining flange projections 12 and the substructure connection holes 16 of the web 13. (2) Horizontal T-shaped end beam 22B This is a horizontal T-shaped end beam 22B, which is the T-shaped beam 10 rotated 90 degrees perpendicular to the bridge axis. Only the different procedures will be described below. (c) A void form for the connecting holes 15 to be provided in the web 13 is arranged.

[0040] <Beam construction> Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a braided beam 30 constructed by alternately arranging inverted beams 21, in which the flanges 11 of T-beams 10 are attached horizontally to the lower end of the web 13, and normal beams 20, in which the flanges 11 of T-beams 10 are attached horizontally to the upper end of the web 13, in a direction perpendicular to the bridge axis (Y). The flanges 11 have a pair of flange protrusions 12 that protrude like wings from the web 13, and the flange protrusion width 12b, flange thickness 11t, web height 13h, and web thickness 13t are all the same dimensions. For an example of the dimensions of the T-beam 10, see Figure 3 and paragraph 34.

[0041] As shown in FIG. 4, a pair of the reverse beam 21 and the positive beam 20 are joined such that the vertical surface 13V of the web 13 on the positive beam 20 side of the reverse beam 21 faces the vertical surface 12V of the flange protrusion 12 on the reverse beam 21 side of the positive beam 20 (first vertically opposed joint surface 31). Also, the horizontal surface 12H of the flange protrusion 12 on the positive beam 20 side of the reverse beam 21 faces the horizontal surface 12H of the flange protrusion 12 on the reverse beam 21 side of the positive beam 20 (second horizontally opposed joint surface 32). Furthermore, the vertical surface 12V of the flange protrusion 12 on the positive beam 20 side of the reverse beam 21 faces the vertical surface 13V of the web 13 on the reverse beam 21 side of the positive beam 20 (third vertically opposed joint surface 33). Therefore, the reverse beam 21 and the positive beam 20 are joined facing each other on each vertical surface (first vertically opposed joint surface 31, third vertically opposed joint surface 33) and horizontal surface (second horizontally opposed joint surface 32).

[0042] The above has been explained using an example in which the reverse beam 21 (left) and the positive beam 20 (right) are joined facing each other (left-side assembly in Figure 4: reverse beam 21 / positive beam 20), but the same is true for the case in which the positive beam 20 (left) and the reverse beam 21 (right) are joined facing each other (right-side assembly in Figure 4: positive beam 20 / reverse beam 21). That is, the positive beam 20 and the reverse beam 21 are joined facing each other at the vertical surfaces of the flange protrusions 12 and the web 13 (first vertically opposed joint surface 31, third vertically opposed joint surface 33) and the horizontal surfaces of the flange protrusions 12 (second horizontally opposed joint surface 32).

[0043] <Connection method: Connection bolts and adhesive> FIG. 4 shows a cross section of an integrated structure of the reverse beam 21 and the front beam 20, with the flange protrusion 12 of the reverse beam 21 and the front beam 20 connected in the vertical direction (Z) by a connecting bolt 35 (stainless steel bolt SUS304 M22), which is one of the connecting means, as an example. The connection by the connecting bolt 35 is performed at multiple locations in the bridge axis direction (X). FIG. 4 also shows that the reverse beam 21, the front beam 20, and the reverse beam 21 are arranged in parallel in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis (Y), and the front beam 20 and the reverse beams 21 on both sides are connected by the connecting bolts 35 of the connecting means. Similarly, the reverse beams 21 and the front beams 20 are joined facing each other, and this connection by the connecting bolts 35 of the connecting means is repeated to form a predetermined width. For the connecting means, stainless steel bolts SUS304 (JIS-B-1180), threaded deformed steel bars SD295, SD345 (JIS-G3112), or hexagonal high-tensile bolts F10T (JIS-B-1186) can be used depending on the design conditions. The diameter of the bolts is determined by design calculations.

[0044] An epoxy resin adhesive 34, for example, which is one of the connecting means, is applied to the vertical surfaces (first vertically opposing joint surface 31, third vertically opposing joint surface 33) and horizontal surfaces (second horizontally opposing joint surface 32) of the reverse beam 21 and the normal beam 20 that are joined oppositely. The configuration of the connecting bolts 35, which are the connecting means, and the adhesive 34 ensures the reliability of the integrated structure of the beam combination deck 5 and makes it impermeable to rainwater.

[0045] If necessary, horizontal connections can be made in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis (Y) to the beam combination deck 5, which is composed of the inverted beams 21 and the normal beams 20. In this case, a predetermined number of horizontal connection holes (not shown) are made in the web 13 of the reinforced concrete T-shaped beam 10 at predetermined locations in the bridge axis direction (X). Then, a tension force can be applied to the beam combination deck 5 in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis (Y) by horizontal connection means (not shown). This configuration improves the reliability of the composite structure of the beam combination deck 5.

[0046] <End beam: L-shaped end beam> The end of the beam combination deck 5 perpendicular to the bridge axis is equipped with an end beam 22. The end beam 22 is an L-shaped end beam 22A in which one flange protrusion 12 of a T-shaped beam 10 remains and the other flange protrusion 12 is missing. See the left end perpendicular to the bridge axis in Figure 2 and both ends perpendicular to the bridge axis in Figure 5.

[0047] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an L-shaped end beam 22A installed on a reverse beam 21 and a forward beam 20. The L-shaped end beam 22A is a standard T-beam 10 with one flange protrusion 12 remaining and the other flange protrusion 12 missing (shown by dotted lines). Generally, an L-shaped beam has a flange 11 with a flange protrusion 12 on only one side, arranged on a web 13, and the flange protrusion 12 can protrude left or right. The end beam 22A located at the left end in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis in FIG. 5 is a right-type regular L-shaped end beam 22A (flange protrusion 12 on the right) with the flange 11 arranged at the upper end of the web 13. Furthermore, as a modified form, the end beam 22A located at the right end in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis in FIG. 5 is a left-type inverted L-shaped end beam 22A (flange protrusion 12 on the left) with the flange 11 arranged at the lower end of the web 13. The regular L-shaped end beam 22A and the inverted L-shaped end beam 22A include left-hand and right-hand types, and because the members are isotropic, there is basically no difference in member performance. The inverted L-shaped end beam 22A is the same as the regular L-shaped end beam 22A rotated 180 degrees.

[0048] 5 shows an example in which a regular L-shaped end beam 22A (right type) is disposed on the reverse beam 21 at the left end in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis, and an inverted L-shaped end beam 22A (left type) is disposed on the regular beam 20 at the right end in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis. The regular L-shaped end beam 22A and the reverse beam 21 are joined such that the vertical surface 12V of the flange protrusion 12 on the reverse beam 21 side of the regular L-shaped end beam 22A faces the vertical surface 13V of the web 13 on the regular L-shaped end beam 22A side of the reverse beam 21 (first vertically opposed joint surface 31). In addition, the horizontal surface 12H of the flange protrusion 12 on the reverse beam 21 side of the regular L-shaped end beam 22A faces the horizontal surface 12H of the flange protrusion 12 on the regular L-shaped end beam 22A side of the reverse beam 21 (second horizontally opposed joint surface 32). Furthermore, the vertical surface 13V of the web 13 on the reverse beam 21 side of the regular L-shaped end beam 22A and the vertical surface 12V of the flange protrusion 12 on the reverse beam 21 side of the regular L-shaped end beam 22A are joined opposite each other (third vertically opposed joint surface 33). Therefore, the regular L-shaped end beam 22A and the reverse beam 21 are joined opposite each other on each vertical surface (first vertically opposed joint surface 31, third vertically opposed joint surface 33) and horizontal surface (second horizontally opposed joint surface 32). The flange protrusion 12 of the regular L-shaped end beam 22A and the flange protrusion 12 of the reverse beam 21 are connected by a connecting means. The configuration in which the reverse L-shaped end beam 22A is arranged on the regular beam 20, joined opposite each other, and connected by a connecting means is the same as above, so a description thereof will be omitted. As for the connecting means, it is similarly composed of a connecting bolt 35 inserted into the connecting hole 15 provided in the flange protrusion 12 and adhesive 34 applied to the vertical and horizontal surfaces of each beam, so a description thereof will be omitted.

[0049] Similar to the configuration in which the straight beam 20 and the reverse beam 21 are joined opposite each other, the L-shaped end beam 22A and the straight beam 20 or the reverse beam 21 are joined opposite each other on the vertical surfaces of the flange protrusion 12 and the web 13 (first vertically opposing joint surface 31, third vertically opposing joint surface 33) and on the horizontal surfaces of the flange protrusions 12 (second horizontally opposing joint surface 32).

[0050] <End beam: Horizontal T-shaped end beam> The end of the beam combination deck 5 perpendicular to the bridge axis is equipped with an end beam 22. The end beam 22 has a horizontal T-shaped end beam 22B, which is a T-shaped beam 10 rotated 90 degrees perpendicular to the bridge axis.

[0051] FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an example in which a horizontal T-shaped end beam 22B is installed on a reverse beam 21. Because the horizontal T-shaped end beam 22B is rotated 90 degrees from the normal beam 20 of a standard T-shaped beam 10, the horizontal and vertical symbols for the flange 11, flange protrusion 12, and web 13 of the standard T-shaped beam 10 are used. The 90-degree rotation includes both a left-rotated horizontal T-shaped end beam (left type) and a right-rotated horizontal T-shaped end beam (right type). Because the component is isotropic, there is essentially no difference in component performance. The horizontal T-shaped end beam 22B (left type: rotated 90 degrees left) and the reverse beam 21 are joined such that the horizontal surface 13H of the web 13 on the reverse beam 21 side of the horizontal T-shaped end beam 22B (rotated 90 degrees left and vertical) faces the vertical surface 13V of the web 13 on the horizontal T-shaped end beam 22B side of the reverse beam 21 (first vertical facing joint surface 31). The vertical surface 13V (rotated 90 degrees left and horizontal) of the web 13 on the reverse beam 21 side of the horizontal T-shaped end beam 22B is joined to face the horizontal surface 12H of the flange protrusion 12 on the horizontal T-shaped end beam 22B side of the reverse beam 21 (second horizontally opposed joint surface 32). The horizontal surface 12H (rotated 90 degrees left and vertical) of the flange protrusion 12 on the reverse beam 21 side of the horizontal T-shaped end beam 22B is joined to face the vertical surface 12V of the flange protrusion 12 on the horizontal T-shaped end beam 22B side of the reverse beam 21 (third vertically opposed joint surface 33). Thus, the horizontal T-shaped end beam 22B and the reverse beam 21 are joined to face each other at each vertical surface (first vertically opposed joint surface 31, third vertically opposed joint surface 33) and horizontal surface (second horizontally opposed joint surface 32). The web 13 of the horizontal T-shaped end beam 22B (rotated 90 degrees left) and the flange protrusion 12 of the reverse beam 21 are connected by a connecting means. A connecting hole 15 is formed in the web 13 of the horizontal T-shaped end beam 22B (rotated 90 degrees left), and it is connected to the flange protrusion 12 by a connecting bolt 35. The connecting means is similarly composed of a connecting bolt 35 inserted into the connecting hole 15 and adhesive 34 applied to the vertical and horizontal surfaces of each beam, so a description thereof will be omitted. In addition, a substructure connecting hole 16 is provided in the flange 11.

[0052] Similar to the configuration in which the straight beam 20 and the reverse beam 21 are joined oppositely, and the configuration in which the L-shaped end beam 22A and the straight beam 20 or the reverse beam 21 are joined oppositely, the configuration in which the horizontal T-shaped end beam 22B and the straight beam 20 or the reverse beam 21 are joined oppositely at the first vertical opposing joint surface 31, the third vertical opposing joint surface 33, and the second horizontal opposing joint surface 32.

[0053] <Example 2: Skew bridge with oblique T-beams> FIG. 7 illustrates an oblique deck 50 of the combined beam deck 5 of the skew bridge deck bridge 1 according to Example 2 of the present invention. The oblique deck 50 has an oblique angle θ of 39 degrees, for example. Therefore, the ends of the T-beam 10 in the bridge axis direction are triangular with an oblique angle θ of 39 degrees, forming an oblique T-beam 25. The oblique T-beam 25 is fabricated in the same manner as the reinforced concrete T-beam 10 of a straight bridge, by preparing triangular end formwork with an oblique angle θ of 39 degrees at both ends of the beam formwork in the bridge axis direction. The beam can be fabricated simply by modifying both ends of the T-beam 10 in the bridge axis direction during fabrication, resulting in efficient component fabrication.

[0054] <Example 3: Skew bridge with T-shaped beams with arc-shaped curved ends> FIG. 8(a) shows a portion of the curved end slab 51 of the beam-combined deck 5 of the skew bridge 1 according to Example 3 of the present invention. The curved end slab 51 is designed for cases where the river or waterway is curved and the direction of the abutments 2 is not constant. The curved end slab 51 has an inclination angle θ of 39°, for example. Therefore, the T-shaped beams 10 used in the skew bridge's beam-combined deck 5 have arc-shaped ends in the bridge axis direction, forming curved end T-shaped beams 26. FIG. 8(a) shows that the straight beams 20, reverse beams 21, and straight beams 20 of the curved end T-shaped beam 26 are arranged side by side in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis (Y) at an inclination angle of 39°. Filling material 26V is filled in the space between the end formed by the curved end T-shaped beam 26 and the planned end face 51L of the curved end slab 51 at the inclination angle θ. As the filler 26V, for example, known filler materials such as ultra-high early strength concrete or non-shrinkage mortar can be used.

[0055] The curved-end T-beam 26 has four flange protrusions 12 at both ends of the T-beam 10 in the bridge axis direction, which are cut into an arc shape with an end curvature radius R of 200 mm, as shown in Figure 8(b), giving both ends an arc shape.

[0056] The curved end T-beam 26 is manufactured in the same way as a standard reinforced concrete T-beam 10, by preparing end formwork with curved end surfaces of an end curvature radius R at both ends of the beam formwork. The beam can be formed simply by changing the end of the T-beam 10 during manufacturing, making component formation efficient.

[0057] <Example 4: Construction method of deck of straight bridge> This is a construction method for installing a beam combination deck 5 between both abutments 2, 2 using a beam combination deck 5 according to Example 1 of the present invention, and the construction process is composed of at least the following intermediate processes (A) to (G). (This is a process for installing the beam combination deck between both abutments.) (A) Installation of substructure connecting anchor bolts (B) Arrangement of one reverse beam (C) Arrangement of other reverse beams (D) A positive beam is placed between a pair of reverse beams and joined together. (E) Formation of an integrated structure by connecting flange protrusions together (F) The specified width is formed by the reverse beam and the normal beam. (G) Installation of ground guardrails

[0058] <(A) Installation of substructure connecting anchor bolts, Figure 9> A specified number of substructure connecting anchor bolts 2C are installed at specified intervals in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis (Y) on each bridge seat 2S of both side abutments 2·2. Position adjustment slide rails (flat steel) (not shown) are installed on the bridge seat 2S as needed.

[0059] <(B) Arrangement of the first reverse beam, Figure 10> (a) The installation of one reverse beam 21 is carried out sequentially from one end (one side) of the fixed side 2A / movable side 2B in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis (Y) to the other end in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis (Y). (b) A crane is used to hold the reinforced concrete T-shaped beam 10 in an inverted beam position. One inverted beam 21 is suspended along the bridge axis direction (X) between the fixed side 2A and the movable side 2B. (c) One reverse beam 21 suspended by a crane is lowered toward the substructure connecting anchor bolt 2C at one end of the fixed side 2A and movable side 2B in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis (Y). (d) Insert the substructure connecting anchor bolt 2C into the substructure connecting hole 16 provided in the web 13 of one reverse beam 21, and complete the installation of one reverse beam 21 in the bridge axis direction (X) between both side abutments 2. (This is a process of disposing one of the reverse beams in the bridge axis direction between the abutments on both sides from one side perpendicular to the bridge axis.)

[0060] <(C) Arrangement of other reverse beams, Figure 10> (a) A crane is used to hold a reinforced concrete T-shaped beam 10 in an inverted beam position. (b) The other reverse beams 21 are suspended along the bridge axis direction (X) of the fixed side 2A and the movable side 2B. (c) From the previously installed reverse beam 21, leave space for the installation of the normal beam 20, and install another reverse beam 21 in the bridge axis direction (X) between the abutments 2 on both sides, similar to the previously installed reverse beam 21, toward the substructure connecting anchor bolt 2C on the fixed side 2A and the movable side 2B. (This is a process of arranging the other reverse beams in the bridge axis direction between the abutments on both sides at a predetermined interval in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis.)

[0061] <(D) A positive beam is placed between a pair of negative beams and joined together, Figure 11> (a) A crane is used to hold a reinforced concrete T-shaped beam 10 in an upright position. (b) The beam 20 is suspended along the bridge axis direction (X) between the fixed side 2A and the movable side 2B. (c) Between the pair of previously installed reverse beams 21, 21, a positive beam 20 is installed in the bridge axis direction (X) between the abutments 2 on both sides, similar to the previously installed reverse beam 21, facing the substructure connecting anchor bolts 2C on the fixed side 2A and the movable side 2B, and the reverse beam and positive beam are joined facing each other. (This is a process of arranging the positive beam between the pair of negative beams in the bridge axis direction between the abutments on both sides, and joining the negative beam and the positive beam facing each other.) (d) During installation, an epoxy resin adhesive 34, for example, is applied to the vertical surfaces (first vertically opposed joint surface 31 and third vertically opposed joint surface 33) and horizontal surfaces (second horizontally opposed joint surface 32) where the reverse beam 21 and the positive beam 20 are joined facing each other. See FIG. 4. The adhesive constitutes one of the connecting means in the next step (this is the step of applying adhesive to the vertical surfaces and horizontal surfaces of the reverse beam and the positive beam).

[0062] <(E) Construction of an integrated structure by connecting flange protrusions, Figure 11> (a) A connecting bolt 35, which is one of the connecting means, is inserted into the connecting hole 15 of the flange protrusion 12 of the reverse beam 21 and the flange protrusion 12 of the positive beam 20, which are joined opposite to each other, to connect them, thereby forming a combined beam 30 of a pair of reverse beams 21 and positive beams 20. (This is a process of connecting the flange protrusion of the reverse beam and the flange protrusion of the positive beam by connecting means.) (This is a process of connecting them by inserting a connecting bolt into the connecting hole provided in the flange protrusion.) (b) The adhesive 34 applied to the vertical surfaces (first vertically opposed joining surface 31 and third vertically opposed joining surface 33) and the horizontal surface (second horizontally opposed joining surface 32) also constitutes one of the connecting means. See Figure 4. (c) When connecting, the position and meshing are adjusted from the side using a jack.

[0063] <(F) The specified width is formed by the reverse beam and the normal beam, Figure 12> (a) The reverse beams 21 and the normal beams 20 are joined alternately facing each other in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis (Y). (b) Applying adhesive 34 and connecting with connecting bolts 35, which are connecting means. (c) When connecting, adjust the position and bite. (d) (a) to (c) are repeated a predetermined number of times to form a deck slab 5 of a predetermined width.

[0064] <(G) Ground cover arrangement, Figure 13> (a) Prepare an L-shaped end beam 22 (22A). (b) The end beam 22 (22A) is held in the installed shape by a crane. (c) The end beam 22 (22A) is arranged in the bridge axis direction (X) between the abutments 2 on both sides. (d) During installation, an adhesive 34, such as an epoxy resin adhesive, is applied to the horizontal and vertical surfaces that are to be joined opposite the previously installed inverted beam 21. (e) It is joined opposite to the previously installed reverse beam 21 and connected by connecting means, ie, connecting bolts 35. When connecting, the position and meshing are adjusted from the side using jacks. (f) The other ground cover 6 is also installed using the same procedure.

[0065] The main process in the construction method for the beam-combined deck 5 is assembling the reinforced concrete T-beams 10 that make up the beam-combined deck 5, which reduces the number of construction works on site, shortens construction time, and makes it possible to form a high-quality, integrated deck 5 with no deflection differences. Furthermore, by changing the process of connecting using connecting means to applying adhesive 34 and connecting connecting bolts 35 to connecting holes 15, construction time is shortened and reliability and rainwater impermeability are ensured. [Explanation of symbols]

[0066] 1 Slab bridge 2. Abutments 2A fixed side 2AS fixed bearing 2B Movable side 2BS movable bearing 2C Substructure connecting anchor bolt 2S Bridge seat 5. Beam combination deck (slab) 6 earth cover 7. Pavement X Bridge axis direction Y Direction perpendicular to bridge axis Z vertical direction θ Oblique angle (angle between the bridge axis and the center of the river channel) 10 Reinforced concrete T-beam 11 Flange 11b flange width 11t flange thickness 12 Flange protrusion 12V Vertical surface of flange protrusion 12H Horizontal surface of flange protrusion 12b Flange protrusion width 13 Web 13V Vertical surface of the web 13H Horizontal plane of web 13h Web High 13t web thickness 14h beam height 15 Connection hole 16 Substructure connection hole 20 Main beam 21 Reverse beam 22 End beam 22A L-shaped end beam 22B Horizontal T-shaped end beam 25 Beveled T-beam 26 T-shaped beam with curved end R End curvature radius 26V Filler 30 Beam 31 First vertically facing joint surface 32 Second horizontally opposing joint surface 33 Third vertically opposing joint surface 34 Adhesive 35 Connecting bolt 50 Beveled floor slab 51 Curved end slab 51L Planned end face with bevel angle θ

Claims

1. A combined beam deck of a deck bridge having beams arranged in parallel in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis, The beam is a T-shaped beam made of reinforced concrete having a flange and a web, and includes a normal beam in which the flange of the T-shaped beam is provided at the upper end of the web, and an inverted beam in which the flange of the T-shaped beam is provided at the lower end of the web, The flange has a pair of flange protrusions protruding from the web in a wing-like manner, and the flange protrusion width, flange thickness, web height, and web thickness are configured to be the same dimensions, The reverse beam and the positive beam are joined such that the vertical surface of the web on the positive beam side of the reverse beam faces the vertical surface of the flange protruding portion on the reverse beam side of the positive beam, the horizontal surface of the flange protruding portion on the positive beam side of the reverse beam faces the horizontal surface of the flange protruding portion on the reverse beam side of the positive beam, and the vertical surface of the flange protruding portion on the positive beam side of the reverse beam faces the vertical surface of the web on the reverse beam side of the positive beam, A beam combination deck of a deck bridge, characterized in that the flange protrusion of the reverse beam and the flange protrusion of the normal beam are connected by a connecting means.

2. The connecting means is a connecting bolt inserted into a connecting hole provided in the flange protruding portion; The beam combination deck of a deck bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with an adhesive applied to the vertical and horizontal surfaces of the reverse beam and the positive beam.

3. The beam combination floor slab is An end beam is provided at the end perpendicular to the bridge axis, The beam combination deck of a deck bridge as described in claim 1, characterized in that the end beam is an L-shaped end beam in which one flange protrusion of the T-shaped beam remains and the other flange protrusion is missing, or a horizontal T-shaped end beam in which the T-shaped beam is rotated 90 degrees perpendicular to the bridge axis.

4. The beam combination floor slab is having a predetermined oblique angle, 2. The combined beam deck of a deck bridge according to claim 1, wherein the T-shaped beam has arc-shaped ends at both ends in the bridge axis direction.

5. A construction method for a combined beam deck of a deck bridge having beams arranged in parallel in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis, The beam is a T-shaped beam made of reinforced concrete having a flange and a web, and includes a normal beam in which the flange of the T-shaped beam is provided at the upper end of the web, and an inverted beam in which the flange of the T-shaped beam is provided at the lower end of the web, The flange has a pair of flange protrusions protruding from the web in a wing-like manner, and the flange protrusion width, flange thickness, web height, and web thickness are configured to be the same dimensions, The reverse beam and the positive beam are joined such that the vertical surface of the web on the positive beam side of the reverse beam faces the vertical surface of the flange protruding portion on the reverse beam side of the positive beam, the horizontal surface of the flange protruding portion on the positive beam side of the reverse beam faces the horizontal surface of the flange protruding portion on the reverse beam side of the positive beam, and the vertical surface of the flange protruding portion on the positive beam side of the reverse beam faces the vertical surface of the web on the reverse beam side of the positive beam, The flange protrusion of the reverse beam and the flange protrusion of the positive beam are connected by a connecting means, and the step of installing the beam combination deck of the deck bridge between both side abutments is A process of disposing one of the reverse beams in the bridge axis direction between the abutments on both sides from one side in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis between the abutments on both sides; A process of arranging the other reverse beams in the bridge axis direction between the abutments on both sides at a predetermined interval in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis; A process of arranging the positive beam between the pair of negative beams in the bridge axis direction between the abutments on both sides and joining the negative beam and the positive beam facing each other; A construction method for a beam combination deck of a deck bridge, characterized by including at least a step of connecting the flange protruding portion of the reverse beam and the flange protruding portion of the normal beam using a connecting means.

6. The step of connecting by the connecting means includes: a step of inserting a connecting bolt into a connecting hole provided in the flange protruding portion to connect the flanges; A construction method for a beam combination deck of a deck bridge as described in claim 5, characterized in that it includes at least a step of applying adhesive to the vertical surfaces and horizontal surfaces of the reverse beam and the positive beam.

Images