Excavation condition determination device, excavation condition determination method, and program

Abstract

To provide an excavation condition determination device, an excavation condition determination method, and a program that can determine excavation depth with a simple configuration.SOLUTION: An excavation condition determination device includes an acquisition unit that acquires tilt information corresponding to measurement results of each of multiple inclinometers attached in multiple stages to buried objects buried in an excavation area, and a determination unit that determines the excavation depth of the excavation area based on the tilt information.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an excavation condition determination device, an excavation condition determination method, and a program. [Background technology]

[0002] Measurement management plans for underground construction work are primarily designed to measure the safety of the earth retaining structure. For this reason, measurement management for underground construction work mainly involves measuring the horizontal displacement of the earth retaining wall, the axial force of the supports (struts and ground anchors), and managing the condition of the surface behind the earth retaining wall.

[0003] In underground construction, it is essential for safety to carry out measurement management during construction and to proceed with the work while feeding back the results. In this case, the excavation status, including excavation depth, is one of the pieces of information that should be collected and organized in parallel with measurement management. However, it is difficult to understand the underground excavation status unless you are on-site during construction.

[0004] To address this issue, remote observation is a method for grasping the excavation status from a remote location without going to the excavation site. Remote observation is a technology in which an excavation site is photographed by a wearable camera or a network camera carried by a worker, and the captured images are used to observe the site from a remote location (see, for example, Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2022-048501 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] However, when remote observation is used to grasp the excavation status, it is often necessary to introduce equipment such as wearable cameras and network cameras, which means that the amount of equipment required increases, which creates the problem of increased costs.

[0007] An object of the present invention is to provide an excavation condition determination device, an excavation condition determination method, and a program that can determine excavation depth with a simple configuration. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] The excavation condition determining device, the excavation condition determining method, and the program according to the present invention employ the following configuration. (1): An excavation condition determination device according to one embodiment of the present invention is an excavation condition determination device comprising: an acquisition unit that acquires tilt information corresponding to the measurement results of each of a plurality of inclinometers attached in multiple stages to buried objects buried in an excavation area; and a determination unit that determines the excavation depth of the excavation area based on the tilt information.

[0009] (2): In the above aspect (1), the inclinometer is a MEMS inclinometer, and the tilt information includes a horizontal acceleration measurement value as the measurement result.

[0010] (3): In the above aspect (2), the determination unit calculates an index value of the measurement point, which is the burial depth of each of the multiple inclinometers, based on the inclination information for each of the multiple inclinometers, normalizes the index values ​​of the multiple measurement points with the index value of a reference point, and determines the excavation depth based on the burial depth of the deepest measurement point among the measurement points whose index value is equal to or greater than a predetermined value.

[0011] (4): In the above aspect (3), the excavation area is subjected to a second excavation following a first excavation, and the determination unit determines the burial depth during the first excavation by the process described in (3) above, and during the second excavation, calculates an index value for each of the measurement points based on the tilt information for each of the multiple inclinometers, normalizes the index values ​​of the multiple measurement points by the index value of the reference point of the first excavation, and determines the excavation depth based on the burial depth of the deepest measurement point among the measurement points whose index value is equal to or greater than the index value of the measurement point determined to be the excavation depth.

[0012] (5): Furthermore, a method for determining an excavation condition according to one embodiment of the present invention is a method for determining an excavation condition, in which a computer acquires tilt information corresponding to the measurement results of each of a plurality of inclinometers attached in multiple stages to buried objects buried in an excavation area, and determines the excavation depth of the excavation area based on the tilt information.

[0013] (6): Furthermore, a program according to one embodiment of the present invention is a program that causes a computer to acquire tilt information corresponding to the measurement results of a plurality of inclinometers attached in multiple stages to buried objects buried in an excavation area, and determine the excavation depth of the excavation area based on the tilt information. [Effects of the Invention]

[0014] According to the above-mentioned aspects (1) to (6), the excavation depth can be determined with a simple configuration. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0015] [Figure 1] 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of an excavation situation determination device 100 according to an embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overview of a construction site. [Figure 3] 4 is a flowchart showing an example of processing in the excavation situation determination device 100. [Figure 4] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an image of the distribution of index values ​​at each measurement point. [Figure 5] 4 is a flowchart showing an example of processing in the excavation situation determination device 100. [Figure 6] 10 is a graph showing acceleration measurements at shallow depths during the day. [Figure 7] 10 is a graph showing acceleration measurements at mid-depth during the day. [Figure 8] 10 is a graph showing acceleration measurements at different depths during the day. [Figure 9] 10 is a graph showing acceleration measurements at shallow depths at night. [Figure 10] 10 is a graph showing acceleration measurements at mid-depth at night. [Figure 11] 10 is a graph showing acceleration measurements at different depths at night. [Figure 12] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing calculated index values ​​at each depth. [Figure 13] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the distribution of normalized index values ​​in the depth direction. [Figure 14] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an image of structured data. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0016] Hereinafter, embodiments of an excavation condition determination device, an excavation condition determination method, and a program will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0017] 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of an excavation situation determination device 100 according to an embodiment. The excavation situation determination device 100 determines the excavation depth at a construction site based on inclination information, for example, acceleration measurement values, transmitted from a plurality of inclinometers 10 installed on an earth retaining wall W constructed in an excavation area G at a construction site where underground construction work is being carried out. The inclinometers 10 and the excavation situation determination device 100 are connected via a wired or wireless network.

[0018] Figure 2 shows an overview of a construction site that uses the inverted construction method. At the construction site, first, in the excavation area G, a retaining wall W is formed to prevent the surrounding ground from collapsing up to the planned excavation depth and to ensure the stability of the excavation bottom. If the retaining wall W is a soil cement wall, the in-situ soil and a cement-based suspension are mixed and stirred, and after the soil cement is created, stress material T is inserted. The area below the stress material T is filled with uncored soil cement. In this state, the ground in the excavation area G is excavated along the retaining wall W, proceeding along the excavation surface DD with a construction machine M such as a backhoe.

[0019] As the excavation of the ground progresses with the construction heavy equipment M, floor slabs F1 and drop walls F2 are installed at depths that will become the respective basement floors of the structure to be erected at the excavation site. A plurality of inclinometers 10 for determining the inclination of the earth retaining wall W are installed in multiple stages at approximately equal intervals along the embedding direction on the stress member T of the earth retaining wall W. In this embodiment, 19 inclinometers 10 are installed at intervals of about 1 m. The intervals between the inclinometers 10 are preferably about 1 to 2 m.

[0020] In this specification, the multiple inclinometers 10 may be described by adding sub-numbers to the reference numerals in order from shallow to deep as necessary. For example, in Fig. 2, only three of the 19 inclinometers 10 are shown, and are respectively designated as the fourth inclinometer 10-4, the ninth inclinometer 10-9, and the nineteenth inclinometer 10-19.

[0021] The inclinometer 10 is, for example, a MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) inclinometer. The inclinometer 10 measures acceleration in three axial directions, for example, two axial directions along a horizontal plane and one axial direction along a vertical axis. The inclinometer 10 transmits the measured acceleration measurement values ​​to the excavation status determination device 100. The two axes along the horizontal plane are, for example, perpendicular to each other. In the following description, the depth position (burial depth) of the inclinometer 10 at which the acceleration measurement value is measured is referred to as the measurement point.

[0022] At a construction site, for example, a separately installed behavior confirmation device confirms the overall behavior of the earth retaining wall W based on acceleration measurement values ​​measured by an inclinometer 10. The inclinometer 10 is mainly installed on the stress member T to confirm the behavior of the earth retaining wall W. The excavation status determination device 100 determines the excavation depth using the measurement results of the inclinometer 10 installed to confirm the behavior of the earth retaining wall W.

[0023] The behavior of the retaining wall W is checked, for example, several times a day. The excavation status determination device 100 is operated, for example, several times a day to coincide with opportunities to check the behavior of the retaining wall W. For this reason, the inclinometer 10 transmits measurement results to the excavation status determination device 100 several times a day. The sampling time for acceleration measurements by the inclinometer 10 is, for example, 10 minutes or more, and the sampling cycle is 10 Hz or more.

[0024] The excavation condition determination device 100 may determine the excavation depth when confirming the behavior of the earth retaining wall W, or may determine the excavation depth separately from confirming the behavior of the earth retaining wall W. The excavation condition determination device 100 may be included in the behavior confirmation device, or may be provided independently from the behavior confirmation device.

[0025] Returning to FIG. 1 , the excavation situation determination device 100 includes, for example, a communication device 110, an input device 120, a display device 130, a memory 140, and a control unit 150. The communication device 110 communicates with an external device, for example, an inclinometer 10, via a wired or wireless connection. The communication device 110 communicates with the inclinometer 10 via, for example, UWB (Ultra Wide Band), Bluetooth (registered trademark), Wi-Fi, NFC (Near Field Communication), or the like. The communication device 110 receives acceleration measurement values ​​transmitted by the inclinometer 10 and outputs them to the control unit 150.

[0026] The input device 120 is a device that can be operated by an operator who operates the excavation status determination device 100. The operator is, for example, a person in charge of managing the target site. The input device 120 is realized by, for example, a mouse, a keyboard, a touch panel, a trackball, a switch, a button, a joystick, a camera, an infrared sensor, a microphone, etc.

[0027] The display device 130 is realized by, for example, a display or a touch panel. If the display device is a touch panel, the display device also serves as an input device. The display device is, for example, a liquid crystal display, a CRT (Cathode Ray Tube), an organic EL (Electroluminescence) display, etc.

[0028] The memory 140 stores various information. The memory 140 is realized by, for example, a semiconductor memory element such as a random access memory (RAM), a flash memory, a hard disk drive (HDD), an optical disk, etc. The memory 140 may also be a drive device externally attached to the excavation situation determination device 100.

[0029] The control unit 150 includes, for example, an acquisition unit 151, a determination unit 152, and a display control unit 153. The control unit 150 is realized by a hardware processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) executing a program (software). Some or all of the components of the control unit 150 may be realized by hardware such as an LSI (Large Scale Integration), an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), or a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), or may be realized by a combination of software and hardware.

[0030] The program may be stored in advance in memory 140 (non-transitory storage medium), or may be stored in a removable storage medium (non-transitory storage medium) such as a DVD or CD-ROM and installed by inserting the storage medium into a drive device. The program may be updated, for example, by a change (update) technology using communication technology (OTA: Over The Air).

[0031] The acquisition unit 151 acquires tilt information according to the measurement results of each of a plurality of inclinometers attached in multiple stages to an object buried in the excavation area G. The acquisition unit 151 acquires, for example, horizontal acceleration measurement values ​​(hereinafter referred to as horizontal acceleration measurement values) of each of a plurality of inclinometers 10 attached in multiple stages to an earth retaining wall W constructed at a construction site.

[0032] The determination unit 152 determines the excavation depth of the excavation area G based on the inclination information. The determination unit 152 determines the excavation depth of the construction site based on, for example, the horizontal acceleration measurement values ​​acquired by the acquisition unit 151. When determining the excavation depth of the excavation area G, the determination unit 152 calculates an index value (index value for inclination information) for each horizontal acceleration measurement value based on the horizontal acceleration measurement values ​​for each of the inclinometers 10.

[0033] The determination unit 152 normalizes the calculated index value by the index value of the reference point, and determines the excavation depth based on the deepest buried depth of the inclinometers 10 corresponding to the index value that is a predetermined ratio to the index value of the reference point. The procedure by which the determination unit 152 determines the excavation depth will be further explained later.

[0034] The display control unit 153 causes various information to be displayed on the display device 130. For example, the display control unit 153 causes the display device 130 to display the horizontal acceleration measurement value acquired by the acquisition unit 151, the excavation depth as the determination result by the determination unit 152, or information required while the determination unit 152 is determining the excavation depth.

[0035] Next, the processing in the excavation situation determination device 100 will be described. Fig. 3 is a flowchart showing an example of the processing in the excavation situation determination device 100. Fig. 3 explains the processing during the first excavation. The excavation situation determination device 100 first acquires, by the acquisition unit 151, acceleration measurement values ​​transmitted by the multiple inclinometers 10 and received by the communication device 110 (step S101).

[0036] Next, the determination unit 152 extracts the horizontal acceleration measurement value from the acceleration measurement value acquired by the acquisition unit 151, and creates an acceleration waveform of the horizontal acceleration measurement value (step S103). When the behavior confirmation device checks the behavior of the retaining wall W, high-frequency noise such as construction vibration and microtremors is removed from the horizontal acceleration measurement value, and the determination unit 152 creates an acceleration waveform of the horizontal acceleration measurement value based on the acceleration measurement value before the high-frequency noise is removed.

[0037] Next, the determination unit 152 calculates the index value for each of the 19 measurement points (step S105). For example, the determination unit 152 extracts the top 20% of the absolute values ​​of the horizontal acceleration measurement values ​​measured at each measurement point, and calculates the arithmetic mean of the extracted absolute values ​​of the horizontal acceleration measurement values ​​as the index value for that measurement point.

[0038] Next, the determination unit 152 normalizes the index values ​​of each measurement point using the horizontal acceleration measurement value measured at the lowest measurement point (depth position of the 19th inclinometer 10-19) as a reference point (step S107). Next, the determination unit 152 draws the distribution of the normalized index values ​​on a two-dimensional cross section (step S109). The drawn two-dimensional cross section is displayed on the display device 130 under the control of the display control unit 153, for example.

[0039] Next, the determination unit 152 determines the excavation depth by comparing the normalized index values ​​of each measurement point. In determining the excavation depth, the determination unit 152 determines the depth of the deepest measurement point among the measurement points whose normalized index value is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, for example, 5 or greater, as the excavation depth (step S111). Here, the reason why the depth of the deepest measurement point among the measurement points whose normalized index value is equal to or greater than 5 is determined to be the excavation depth will be described.

[0040] Figure 4 is a diagram showing an image of the distribution of index values ​​at each measurement point. Figure 4 shows index values ​​for 10 measurement points. The excavation surface DD where the construction heavy machine M is operating is the vibration source, and at positions deeper than the vibration source, the vibration decreases rapidly with distance in the depth direction due to distance attenuation of the vibration propagating through the ground. On the other hand, at positions shallower than the excavation surface, there is no distance attenuation in the ground, so the vibration is about the same as that of the excavation surface DD.

[0041] For this reason, since the index value of each measurement point fluctuates greatly near the excavation surface DD, the depth of the deepest measurement point with an index value of 5 or more is determined to be the excavation depth. Here, the predetermined value used to determine the excavation depth is 5, but the predetermined value may be a value other than 5 depending on the conditions of the construction site, etc. On the other hand, the determination unit 152 may, for example, compare the index values ​​of each measurement point and determine the depth of the shallower measurement point among those with the largest amount of change between adjacent measurement points to be the excavation depth.

[0042] Next, the determination unit 152 stores the calculated index value of the reference point as the index value of the reference point during the primary excavation, and the determined excavation depth and the determined index value of the measurement point as the excavation depth during the primary excavation in the memory 140 (step S113). In this way, the excavation situation determination device 100 ends the processing shown in FIG. 3.

[0043] Next, the processing during secondary excavation by the excavation status determination device 100 will be explained. Secondary excavation is excavation carried out after primary excavation. For example, if excavation after the third excavation is carried out following the second excavation, the third excavation and subsequent excavations are included in the second excavation. Processing during secondary excavation is carried out up to bedding.

[0044] Fig. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of processing in the excavation situation determination device 100. Fig. 5 shows processing by the excavation situation determination device 100 during secondary excavation. During secondary excavation, first, the acquisition unit 151 acquires horizontal velocity measurement values ​​(step S201). Next, the determination unit 152 creates an acceleration waveform (step S203), and then calculates index values ​​for each measurement point (step S205). Up to this point, the processing is the same as during primary excavation.

[0045] Next, the determination unit 152 normalizes the index value of each measurement point with the index value of the reference point at the time of the first excavation stored in the memory 140 (step S207). Next, the determination unit 152 draws the distribution of the normalized index values ​​on a two-dimensional cross section, as in the case of the first excavation (step S209). The drawn two-dimensional cross section is displayed on the display device 130, for example, under the control of the display control unit 153.

[0046] Next, the determination unit 152 determines the excavation depth by comparing the normalized index values ​​of each measurement point. Here, the determination unit 152 determines the depth of the deepest measurement point whose normalized index value is equal to or greater than the index value of the measurement point determined to be the excavation depth during the primary excavation as the excavation depth (step S211). For example, if the index value of the measurement point determined to be the excavation depth during the primary excavation is 6, the determination unit 152 determines the depth of the deepest measurement point whose normalized index value is equal to or greater than 6 as the excavation depth. In this way, the excavation status determination device 100 ends the processing shown in FIG. 5.

[0047] Next, we will explain the verification based on the results of on-site measurements performed using the excavation status determination device 100. At the verification site (construction site), where underground construction work was being carried out using the inverted construction method, a MEMS inclinometer (inclinometer 10) was attached to a stress member (H-section steel member) T inserted into an earth retaining wall W, and the in-plane, horizontal acceleration of the earth retaining wall W was measured.

[0048] The MEMS inclinometer obtained acceleration measurements during excavation at three depths: the first depth was the depth where the fourth inclinometer 10-4 was installed (hereafter referred to as the shallow depth), the second depth was the depth where the ninth inclinometer 10-9 was installed (hereafter referred to as the medium depth), and the third depth was the depth where the 19th inclinometer 10-19 was installed (hereafter referred to as the deep depth).

[0049] The sampling frequency for on-site measurements was 12.8 Hz, and 60 minutes of data (7,680 data points in total) was acquired during the daytime (14:00) and nighttime (2:00). The measurement results of the MEMS inclinometer are shown in Figures 6 to 11. Figure 6 is a graph showing acceleration measurements at shallow depths during the day. Figure 7 is a graph showing acceleration measurements at medium depths during the day. Figure 8 is a graph showing acceleration measurements at deep depths during the day. Figure 9 is a graph showing acceleration measurements at shallow depths during the night. Figure 10 is a graph showing acceleration measurements at medium depths during the night. Figure 11 is a graph showing acceleration measurements at deep depths during the night.

[0050] Of the daytime measurements shown in Figures 6 to 8, the shallow and medium depth measurements shown in Figures 6 and 7 showed relatively large changes in horizontal acceleration due to the operation of heavy construction equipment M. On the other hand, the deep depth measurements shown in Figure 8 showed almost no changes in horizontal acceleration, as the impact of the operation of heavy construction equipment M was thought to be relatively small. Additionally, the nighttime measurements shown in Figures 9 to 11 showed almost no changes in horizontal acceleration, as no construction work such as the operation of heavy construction equipment M was being carried out.

[0051] In the field measurements, daytime index values ​​for the measurement values ​​at each depth were calculated based on these data. The index values ​​were calculated by taking the arithmetic mean of the top 5%, top 10%, top 20%, and top 30% of the measurement values. Furthermore, the depth-wise distribution of the normalized index values ​​was calculated. Figure 12 shows the calculated index values ​​at each depth. Figure 13 shows the depth-wise distribution of the normalized index values.

[0052] Assume that the excavation depth is determined based on index values ​​calculated by on-site measurements. For example, when the construction stage is the first excavation, the deepest measurement point where the normalized index value is 5 or greater is the mid-depth depth position where the fourth inclinometer 10-4 is installed, based on the top 20% of the index value distribution shown in FIG. 12. Therefore, the mid-depth depth position is determined to be the excavation depth. At this time, the index value of the reference point (index value of the 19th inclinometer 10-19) is 00067, and the index value of the deepest measurement point (the 9th inclinometer 10-9) where the normalized index value is 5 or greater is 6.34. In the first excavation, these index values ​​are stored in memory 140.

[0053] Furthermore, when the construction stage is the second excavation, the index values ​​of the multiple measurements are normalized by the index value (0.00067) of the reference point stored in memory 140 during the first excavation. Next, the depth position of the deepest measurement point where the normalized index value is equal to or greater than the index value of 6.34 of the deepest measurement point during the first excavation is determined to be the excavation position.

[0054] The excavation status determination device 100 of the embodiment determines the excavation depth at a construction site by, for example, using the measurement results of an inclinometer 10 that is used by a behavior confirmation device to confirm the behavior of an earth retaining wall W. Therefore, there is no need to provide a dedicated sensor for determining the excavation depth, and the excavation depth can be determined with a simple configuration.

[0055] Furthermore, the excavation situation determination device 100 of the embodiment can automatically determine the excavation depth without human intervention based on the acceleration measurement values ​​transmitted by the inclinometer 10. Therefore, the excavation depth can be determined whenever necessary (24 hours a day, 365 days a year) without being restricted by time or date.

[0056] In the excavation status determination device 100, the determination unit 152 may store the excavation depth in underground construction work as structured data in the memory 140. At this time, the determination unit 152 may create the structured data by adding time information to the normalized index value. Fig. 14 is a diagram showing an image of the structured data.

[0057] In the above embodiment, since a MEMS inclinometer is used as the inclinometer 10, the tilt information is an acceleration measurement value, but the tilt information may be information other than an acceleration measurement value depending on the measurement mode of the inclinometer. The tilt information may be information such as the amount of movement (amount of movement in the horizontal direction) or the tilt angle.

[0058] The above-described embodiment can be expressed as follows. a storage device storing a program; a hardware processor; The hardware processor executes the program stored in the storage device, Obtaining tilt information according to the measurement results of each of a plurality of tilt meters attached in multiple stages to buried objects buried in the excavation area; determining an excavation depth of the excavation area based on the slope information; The excavation status determination device is configured as follows.

[0059] The above describes the form for carrying out the present invention using an embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to such an embodiment, and various modifications and substitutions can be made within the scope that does not deviate from the gist of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0060] 10 Inclinometer 100 Excavation status determination device 110 Communication equipment 120 Input Device 130 Display device 140 memory 150 control section 151 Acquisition Department 152 Judgment section 153 Display control unit DD excavation surface F1 Floor slab F2 Falling wall G Excavation area W Retaining wall M Heavy construction equipment T-type materials

Claims

1. an acquisition unit that acquires tilt information according to the measurement results of each of a plurality of inclinometers that are attached in multiple stages to buried objects buried in the excavation area; a determination unit that determines the excavation depth of the excavation area based on the slope information, Excavation status determination device.

2. the inclinometer is a MEMS inclinometer, The tilt information includes a horizontal acceleration measurement value as the measurement result. The excavation condition determination device according to claim 1 .

3. the determining unit calculates an index value of a measurement point, which is the buried depth of each of the inclinometers, based on the inclinometer information for each of the plurality of inclinometers; normalizing the index values ​​of the plurality of measurement points with the index value of a reference point; The excavation depth is determined based on the buried depth of the deepest measurement point among the measurement points where the index value is equal to or greater than a predetermined value. The excavation condition determination device according to claim 2.

4. The excavation area is excavated secondarily following the first excavation, The determination unit During the primary excavation, the buried depth is determined by the process described in claim 3; During the second excavation, calculating an index value for each of the measurement points based on the tilt information for each of the plurality of inclinometers; The index values ​​of the plurality of measurement points are normalized by the index value of the reference point of the primary excavation; The excavation depth is determined based on the buried depth of the deepest measurement point among the measurement points whose index value is equal to or greater than the index value of the measurement point determined to be the excavation depth. The excavation condition determination device according to claim 3.

5. The computer Obtaining tilt information according to the measurement results of each of a plurality of tilt meters attached in multiple stages to buried objects buried in the excavation area; determining an excavation depth of the excavation area based on the slope information; Method for determining excavation status.

6. On the computer, Obtaining tilt information according to the measurement results of each of a plurality of tilt meters attached in multiple stages to buried objects buried in the excavation area; determining an excavation depth of the excavation area based on the slope information; program.

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