High slope supporting and grouting combined type multi-point leaking stoppage anchoring device and plugging method

Abstract

The invention relates to a high slope supporting and grouting combined type multipoint leaking stoppage anchoring device which comprises a bearing cover, an end spiral anchor rod, a plugging anchor rod, an elastic grouting sleeve, an anchoring disc, a fastening nut and a transition drainage sleeve. The rear end face of the end spiral anchor rod is connected with the plugging anchor rod through the transition drainage sleeve, and the front end face of the end spiral anchor rod is connected with the bearing cover. A positioning groove is formed in the outer side face of the front half portion of the plugging anchor rod, the elastic grouting sleeve is embedded in the positioning groove, and the rear end face of the plugging anchor rod is wrapped with the anchoring disc and the fastening nut. The plugging method comprises the steps of anchor rod assembling, pre-tightening fixing and grouting plugging anchoring. On one hand, the equipment structure can be flexibly adjusted according to use requirements, so that the requirements of anchoring, plugging and strengthening operation of various different geological structures are effectively met; on the other hand, the strength and positioning stability of a positioning connection structure between the anchor rod and the drill hole can be greatly improved, and meanwhile cracks existing in a stratum structure can be repaired.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a multi-point plugging and anchoring device and method for grouting combination in high slope support, belonging to the technical fields of anchoring connection and geological restoration. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in the construction work of strengthening and repairing various high slope structures using anchor bolts, it is often necessary to strengthen the slope structure using anchor bolt equipment. However, in actual construction, due to the large height and slope of high slopes, the high slope structure is easily affected by gravity and groundwater factors within the rock strata during anchoring and strengthening. This can easily lead to the collapse and damage of the drilling structure for fixing the anchor bolts due to groundwater seepage, thus impairing the positioning and bearing capacity between the anchor bolts and the geological structure of the high slope. At the same time, the anchor bolts currently used in anchoring operations are often traditional anchor bolt structures, which can only be positioned by the friction and pressure between the high anchor bolt and the geological structure of the high slope, and cannot repair and strengthen the damaged cracks and groundwater seepage cracks in the geological structure of the high slope. This further increases the probability of the transmission anchor bolts loosening and falling off, which seriously affects the quality and lifespan of high slope structure repair work and increases the cost of daily management and maintenance.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a multi-point plugging and anchoring device and method for grouting combination in high slope support to meet the needs of practical use. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a multi-point leak-stopping and anchoring device for grouting in high slope support and a method for its use.

[0005] A multi-point plugging and anchoring device for grouting in high slope support includes a bearing cover, anchoring agent, end spiral anchor rods, sealing anchor rods, elastic grouting sleeves, anchoring discs, fastening nuts, transition drainage sleeves, and one-way valves. The rear end face of the end spiral anchor rod is connected to the sealing anchor rod through the transition drainage sleeve and is coaxially distributed. The transition drainage sleeve has a frustum-shaped structure, and its maximum outer diameter is at least 10 mm larger than the outer diameter of the end spiral anchor rod and the sealing anchor rod. Simultaneously, the front end face of the end spiral anchor rod is connected to the bearing cover and is coaxially distributed. The bearing cover has a conical cavity structure, and the anchoring agent and the front end face of the end spiral anchor rod are located inside the bearing cover. The sealing anchor rod has a grouting channel coaxially distributed with it inside, and the outer surface of the front half has a grouting channel coaxially distributed with it. The ring-shaped positioning groove is coaxially distributed, with at least two elastic grouting sleeves, all embedded in the positioning groove and covering the bottom of the positioning groove. Each elastic grouting sleeve is distributed along the axis of the sealing anchor rod, and the distance between two adjacent elastic grouting sleeves is not less than 5 mm. At least one grouting hole is provided at the corresponding position of the elastic grouting sleeve on the side wall of the sealing anchor rod and at the position between two adjacent elastic grouting sleeves. Each grouting hole is equipped with a one-way valve and is connected to the grouting channel through a guide valve. At the same time, each elastic grouting sleeve is also connected to the grouting hole through a one-way valve. The anchoring plate and fastening nut are both covered on the rear end face of the sealing anchor rod and coaxially distributed with the sealing anchor rod. The fastening nut is connected to the outer side of the sealing anchor rod by threads and abuts against the front end face of the anchoring plate.

[0006] Furthermore, the sealing anchor bolt includes an anchor bolt, a plugging and sealing device, a connector, a retaining ring, a positioning sleeve, and a grouting pipe. The anchor bolts are all hollow columnar structures with a rectangular axial cross-section. There are at least two anchor bolts, and adjacent anchor bolts are connected by a connector. The anchor bolts and connectors are coaxially distributed. The front end face of the foremost anchor bolt is connected to and coaxially distributed with the transition drainage sleeve. The positioning sleeve, anchoring disc, and fastening nut all cover the last anchor bolt. The positioning sleeve is slidably connected to the anchor bolt, and its rear end face abuts against the front end face of the anchoring disc. The anchoring disc and fastening nut are threadedly connected to the anchor bolt, and the front end face of the fastening nut abuts against the rear end face of the anchoring disc. The positioning grooves are distributed along the sealing anchor bolt axis from front to back on the outer side of at least one anchor bolt. The retaining ring is a closed ring structure coaxially distributed with the sealing anchor bolt. Each positioning groove contains two retaining rings, and the two retaining rings are distributed along the sealing anchor bolt axis. The rod axis is distributed at both ends of the positioning groove. At the same time, the outer side of the retaining ring abuts against the groove wall of the positioning groove, and the inner side abuts against the end face of the elastic grouting sleeve located at both ends of the positioning groove. At the same time, a leak-sealing device is provided in the positioning groove. The leak-sealing device covers the elastic grouting sleeve and is coaxially distributed with the elastic grouting sleeve. The two ends of the leak-sealing device abut against the inner side of the retaining ring and are slidably connected. The leak-sealing device is also connected to one of the grouting holes located between two adjacent elastic grouting sleeves through a guide branch pipe. In addition, at least one grouting hole is provided between two adjacent elastic grouting sleeves and is connected to the external drill hole. The outer diameter of the retaining ring is at least 1 mm larger than the outer diameter of the sealing anchor rod. When the elastic grouting sleeve and the leak-sealing device are in the ungrouting state, the outer diameter is not greater than the outer diameter of the retaining ring. There is at least one grouting pipe located inside each anchor rod. One end of the pipe is located outside the rear end face of the sealing anchor rod and is provided with a connecting pipe head. The other end is connected to each grouting hole through a one-way valve.

[0007] Furthermore, the leak-sealing device includes an elastic permeable grouting bag, a waterproof liner, and a wear-resistant protective layer. The elastic permeable grouting bag is a hollow cavity structure with an axial cross-section of either cylindrical or drum-shaped. One end of the elastic permeable grouting bag is provided with a drain port and a guide hole. The guide hole is coaxially distributed with the elastic permeable grouting bag, and the elastic permeable grouting bag covers the bottom of the positioning groove through the guide hole and is coaxially distributed within the positioning groove. The drain port is connected to a one-way valve at the grouting hole via a drain pipe. The waterproof liner and the wear-resistant protective layer both have a rectangular axial cross-section. The hollow tubular structure has a waterproof liner covering the inner side of the elastic permeable grouting bag and coaxially distributed with it. The length of the waterproof liner is 80%-95% of the length of the elastic permeable grouting bag. The distance between the two ends of the waterproof liner and the two ends of the elastic permeable grouting bag is not less than 2 cm. The wear-resistant protective layer covers the waterproof liner, and its two ends are connected to the inner side of the elastic permeable grouting bag. The wear-resistant protective layer and the elastic permeable grouting bag form a closed protective cavity structure. At the same time, the outer side of the wear-resistant protective layer abuts against and slides against the bottom of the positioning groove.

[0008] Furthermore, the wear-resistant protective layer is a hollow columnar structure with an axial cross-section of either rectangle or hyperbola. Elastic pads are provided at both ends of the wear-resistant protective layer and are connected to the inner side of the elastic permeable grouting bag through the elastic pads. The elastic pads are closed ring structures coaxially distributed with the elastic permeable grouting bag, and their height is 1 to 1.5 times the thickness of the waterproof lining. At the same time, several elastic bearing blocks are provided on the outer side of the wear-resistant protective layer. The elastic bearing blocks are either spherical crown-shaped structures or truncated pyramidal structures, and the wear-resistant protective layer abuts against the bottom of the positioning groove through the elastic bearing blocks.

[0009] Furthermore, the connector includes a connecting flange, a connecting pipe head, a flexible connecting pipe, a protective spring, a sealing head, and a universal rod. There are two sealing heads, with the front halves of each sealing head located within the end faces of two adjacent anchor rods and sealing the anchor rod end faces. Simultaneously, at least one connecting pipe head is provided within each sealing head, with one end connected to the grouting pipe inside the anchor rod and the other end connected to the flexible connecting pipe. The flexible connecting pipe is located between two adjacent anchor rods. The rear half of the sealing head is located outside the anchor rod, and a connecting flange coaxially distributed on the outer surface of the rear half of the sealing head is provided. The connecting flanges of the two sealing heads are connected by at least three universal rods evenly distributed around the axis of the sealing head, with both ends of the universal rods connected to the connecting flanges by bolts. The protective springs respectively cover the flexible connecting pipe and the universal rods, with both ends abutting against the connecting flange and the end face of the sealing head, respectively.

[0010] Furthermore, the transition drainage sleeve includes a guide sleeve, a cylindrical spring, a disc spring, a cutting edge, and a sealing ring. The guide sleeve has a frustum-shaped structure and an assembly hole coaxially distributed within it. The diameter of the front end face of the guide sleeve is no more than 60% of the rear end face and is 1-10 cm larger than the diameter of the end spiral anchor rod. The sidewall of the assembly hole of the guide sleeve is threaded, and the front end face of the guide sleeve is connected to the rear end face of the end spiral anchor rod through the assembly hole. The rear end face of the guide sleeve is connected to the front end face of the sealing anchor rod through the assembly hole, and the assembly hole is connected to the end spiral anchor rod and the sealing anchor rod through the connecting thread. There are 1-6 cutting edges, which are connected to and surround the outer surface of the guide sleeve. The guide sleeve has a spiral structure, and the upper end face of the cutting edge is parallel to the outer side of the guide sleeve. There are two disc springs, located in the assembly hole, coaxially distributed with the assembly hole and slidably connected to the wall of the assembly hole. The two disc springs abut against the end spiral anchor rod and the sealing anchor rod respectively. At the same time, the two disc springs are connected to each other by a cylindrical spring. There are two sealing rings, which cover the end spiral anchor rod and the sealing anchor rod respectively and are coaxially distributed with the guide sleeve. The sealing rings abut against the end face of the guide sleeve. At the same time, a forced sealing strip is provided at the rear end face of the sealing ring and is coaxially distributed with it. The forced sealing strip is embedded between the assembly hole and the contact surface of the end spiral anchor rod and the sealing anchor rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the elastic grouting sleeve, after expansion, has an ellipsoidal structure, including a clamp, an elastic bearing section, and an elastic adjusting section. There are two elastic bearing sections, coaxially distributed between them. Each elastic bearing section has a coaxially distributed assembly hole at its rear end face, which covers the bottom of the positioning groove. At least one clamp is provided on the outer side of the elastic bearing section corresponding to the assembly hole, connecting the assembly hole to the bottom of the positioning groove and sealing the contact surface between the assembly hole and the bottom of the positioning groove. An adjusting groove is coaxially distributed on the front end face of each elastic bearing section. The elastic adjusting section is a tubular structure coaxially distributed with the positioning groove, covering the positioning groove and with both ends embedded in the adjusting groove, slidingly connected to the groove wall. When the elastic grouting sleeve expands to its maximum volume, 3%–10% of the effective length of the elastic adjusting section is embedded in the adjusting groove.

[0012] Furthermore, the anchoring plate includes a base, pressure plates, disc springs, and auxiliary springs. The base is a frustum-shaped groove structure with a through hole coaxially distributed on its upper surface. The disc spring is embedded in the groove of the base and is flush with the lower surface of the base. The outer side of the disc spring is connected to the inner side of the base sidewall through several auxiliary springs. There are at least four pressure plates, each with a rectangular cross-section. The rear ends of at least two pressure plates are hinged to the outer side of the top of the base via elastic hinges, and the rear ends of at least two pressure plates are hinged to the outer side of the bottom of the base via elastic hinges. The pressure plates connecting the top and bottom of the base are parallel to each other and evenly distributed around the axis of the base. The surface of each pressure plate forms an angle of 0°–90° with the axis of the base. The two pressure plates connecting the top and bottom of the base are also connected to each other by at least one bolt.

[0013] A sealing method for a multi-point leak-stopping and anchoring device combined with grouting for high slope support includes the following steps:

[0014] S1, Anchor bolt assembly: First, the structure of the bearing cover, end spiral anchor bolt, sealing anchor bolt, elastic grouting sleeve, and transition drainage sleeve, as well as the length of the sealing anchor bolt, are set according to the depth and diameter of the preset borehole. Then, the bearing cover, anchoring agent, end spiral anchor bolt, sealing anchor bolt, elastic grouting sleeve, anchoring disc, fastening nut, transition drainage sleeve, and one-way valve are assembled to obtain the finished leak-sealing device.

[0015] S2, Pre-tightening and Fixing: After completing step S1, the pre-made plugging and sealing device is embedded into the pre-drilled hole, with the rear end face of the sealing anchor rod facing outside the rock wall. When the pre-made plugging and sealing device is embedded into the pre-drilled hole, axial pressure is applied to the sealing anchor rod. This axial pressure causes the guide cover at the front end to crack, and the anchoring agent inside overflows into the bottom space of the pre-drilled hole. The anchoring agent is used to fill and bond the gap between the end spiral anchor rod and the drill space. On the other hand, the anchoring plate set in the rear half of the sealing anchor rod abuts against the outer side of the rock wall, and the anchoring plate is pressed by the fastening nut. This completes the initial positioning of the pre-made plugging and sealing device.

[0016] S3, Grouting and Leak Sealing Anchoring: After completing step S2, connect the grouting pipe to the external grouting equipment. First, inject grout into each elastic grouting sleeve and each leak sealing device through the external grouting equipment. First, grouting is carried out to ensure that the pressure inside the elastic grouting sleeve is not less than 0.5MPa, and the elastic grouting sleeve and leak sealing device expand in volume under the pressure of the grouting grout. After the volume expansion, the outer surface of the elastic grouting sleeve and each leak sealing device abuts against the borehole wall and increases the contact surface pressure, thereby improving the positioning force between the elastic grouting sleeve and the borehole wall and sealing the pre-drilled borehole wall. Then, after completing the grouting and sealing of each elastic grouting sleeve and each leak sealing device, the grout is directly injected into the borehole space between two adjacent elastic grouting sleeves and leak sealing devices through the grouting hole, using the grout to perform secondary reinforcement and sealing of the borehole.

[0017] Furthermore, in step S3, the grouting slurry is any one or a mixture of several of the following: quick-drying and fast-hardening cement (sand) slurry, high-temperature molten resin material, and polymer foaming material.

[0018] The system of this invention has a simple structure, high degree of integration and modularity, and can be flexibly adjusted according to the needs of use, thereby effectively adapting to the needs of anchoring, sealing and reinforcement operations in various geological structures. At the same time, it is flexible and convenient to use, and the construction process is simple and easy to master, which can effectively reduce construction costs. On the other hand, it can greatly improve the strength and positioning stability of the positioning connection structure between the anchor and the borehole, and can also repair the cracks existing in the stratum structure, thereby improving the reliability and stability of anchoring and sealing positioning of geological structures. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments;

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention when the grouting pipe is located inside the grouting channel;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the sealing anchor bolt;

[0022] Figure 3 A partial cross-sectional structural diagram of a leak-sealing and hole-sealing device;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connector structure;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-section of the elastic grouting sleeve under expanded state.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the transition drainage sleeve;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the anchor plate;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To facilitate the implementation of the technical means, creative features, objectives, and effects of this invention, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown in Figure 7, a multi-point plugging and anchoring device for grouting in high slope support includes a bearing cover 1, an anchoring agent 2, an end spiral anchor rod 3, a sealing anchor rod 4, an elastic grouting sleeve 5, an anchoring disc 6, a fastening nut 7, a transition drainage sleeve 8, and a one-way valve 9. The rear end face of the end spiral anchor rod 3 is connected to the sealing anchor rod 4 through the transition drainage sleeve 8 and is coaxially distributed. The transition drainage sleeve 8 has a frustum-shaped structure, and its maximum outer diameter is at least 10 mm larger than the outer diameter of the end spiral anchor rod 3 and the sealing anchor rod 4. At the same time, the front end face of the end spiral anchor rod 3 is connected to the bearing cover 1 and is coaxially distributed. The bearing cover 1 has a conical cavity structure. The anchoring agent 2 and the front end face of the end spiral anchor rod 3 are located inside the bearing cover 1. The sealing anchor rod 4 has a grouting channel 10 coaxially distributed inside it, and the outer side of the front half is coaxially distributed with it. The distribution includes annular positioning grooves 11, and at least two elastic grouting sleeves 5, all embedded in the positioning grooves 11 and covering the bottom of the positioning grooves 11. Each elastic grouting sleeve 5 is distributed along the axis of the sealing anchor rod 4, and the distance between two adjacent elastic grouting sleeves 5 is not less than 5 mm. At least one grouting hole 12 is provided at the corresponding position of the side wall of the sealing anchor rod 4 and the position between two adjacent elastic grouting sleeves 5. Each grouting hole 12 is equipped with a one-way valve 9 and is connected to the grouting channel 10 through a guide valve 10. At the same time, each elastic grouting sleeve 5 is also connected to the grouting hole 12 through a one-way valve 9. The anchoring plate 6 and the fastening nut 7 are both covered outside the rear end face of the sealing anchor rod 4 and are coaxially distributed with the sealing anchor rod 4. The fastening nut 7 is threadedly connected to the outer side of the sealing anchor rod 4 and abuts against the front end face of the anchoring plate 6.

[0030] It should be noted that the sealing anchor bolt 4 includes anchor bolt 41, leak-sealing device 42, connector 43, retaining ring 44, positioning sleeve 45, and grouting pipe 46. The anchor bolts 41 are all hollow columnar structures with a rectangular axial cross-section. There are at least two anchor bolts 41, and adjacent anchor bolts 41 are connected by connector 43. The anchor bolts 41 and connector 43 are coaxially distributed. Among the anchor bolts 41, the front end face of the foremost anchor bolt 41 is connected to and coaxially distributed with the transition drainage sleeve 8. The positioning sleeve 45, anchoring disc 6, and fastening nut are also included. 7 are all covered by the last anchor rod 41. The positioning sleeve 45 is slidably connected to the anchor rod 41, and its rear end face abuts against the front end face of the anchoring plate 6. At the same time, the anchoring plate 6 and the fastening nut 7 are both threadedly connected to the anchor rod 41, and the front end face of the fastening nut 7 abuts against the rear end face of the anchoring plate 6. The positioning grooves 11 are distributed from front to back along the axis of the sealing anchor rod 4 on the outer side of at least one anchor rod 41. The retaining ring 44 is a closed ring structure coaxially distributed with the sealing anchor rod 4. Each positioning groove 11 is provided with two retaining rings 44. 4. Two retaining rings 44 are distributed at both ends of the positioning groove 11 along the axis of the sealing anchor rod 1. The outer surfaces of the retaining rings 44 abut against the groove wall of the positioning groove 11, and the inner surfaces abut against the end faces of the elastic grouting sleeves 5 located at both ends of the positioning groove 11. Additionally, a leak-sealing device is provided inside the positioning groove. The leak-sealing device covers the elastic grouting sleeve and is coaxially distributed with the elastic grouting sleeve 5. The two ends of the leak-sealing device 42 abut against and are slidably connected to the inner surfaces of the retaining rings 44. Furthermore, the leak-sealing device 42 is connected to the adjacent two... One of the grouting holes 12 between the elastic grouting sleeves 5 is connected. In addition, at least one grouting hole 12 between two adjacent elastic grouting sleeves 5 is connected to the external borehole. The outer diameter of the retaining ring 44 is at least 1 mm larger than the outer diameter of the sealing anchor rod. When the elastic grouting sleeve 5 and the plugging hole sealing device 42 are in the ungrouting state, the outer diameter is not greater than the outer diameter of the retaining ring 4. There is at least one grouting pipe 46 located inside each anchor rod 41. One end of the pipe is located outside the rear end face of the sealing anchor rod 4 and is provided with a connecting pipe head 13. The other end is connected to each grouting hole 12 through a one-way valve 9.

[0031] It should be noted that the leak-sealing device 42 includes an elastic permeable grouting bag 421, a waterproof liner 422, and a wear-resistant protective layer 423. The elastic permeable grouting bag 421 is a hollow cavity structure with an axial cross-section that is either cylindrical or drum-shaped. One end of the elastic permeable grouting bag 421 is provided with a drain port 424 and a guide hole 425. The guide hole 425 is coaxially distributed with the elastic permeable grouting bag 421, and the elastic permeable grouting bag 421 covers the bottom of the positioning groove 11 through the guide hole 425 and is coaxially distributed with the positioning groove 11. The drain port 424 is connected to the one-way valve 9 at the grouting hole 12 through a drain pipe. The waterproof liner 422 and the wear-resistant protective layer 423 are both axially cross-sections. The structure is a rectangular hollow tube. The waterproof liner 422 covers the inner side of the elastic permeable grouting bag 421 and is coaxially distributed with the elastic permeable grouting bag 421. The length of the waterproof liner 422 is 80%-95% of the length of the elastic permeable grouting bag 421. The distance between the two ends of the waterproof liner 422 and the two ends of the elastic permeable grouting bag 421 is not less than 2 cm. The wear-resistant protective layer 423 covers the outside of the waterproof liner 422. Its two ends are connected to the inner side of the elastic permeable grouting bag 41, and the wear-resistant protective layer 423 and the elastic permeable grouting bag 421 form a closed protective cavity structure 426. At the same time, the outer side of the wear-resistant protective layer 423 abuts against and slides against the bottom of the positioning groove 11.

[0032] The wear-resistant protective layer 423 is a hollow columnar structure with an axial cross-section of either rectangle or hyperbola. Elastic pads 427 are provided at both ends of the wear-resistant protective layer 423 and are connected to the inner side of the elastic permeable grouting bag 421 via elastic pads 425. The elastic pads 427 are closed ring structures coaxially distributed with the elastic permeable grouting bag, and their height is 1-1.5 times the thickness of the waterproof lining layer 422. Simultaneously, several elastic bearing blocks 428 are provided on the outer side of the wear-resistant protective layer 423. These elastic bearing blocks 428 are either spherical crown-shaped or truncated pyramidal structures, and the wear-resistant protective layer 423 abuts against the bottom of the positioning groove 11 via the elastic bearing blocks 428.

[0033] The wear-resistant layer and elastic bearing block can effectively improve the wear resistance of the plugging and sealing device and reduce the structural damage to the plugging and sealing device caused by friction between the plugging and sealing device and the elastic grouting sleeve.

[0034] The waterproof lining allows water in the grout to drain from the front and rear faces of the permeable grouting bag after the grout is injected. This improves the consistency of the grout's distribution during solidification and ensures gradual solidification along the bag's axis from the center outwards. While ensuring proper solidification, this effectively eliminates the effects of cracks, bubbles, and shrinkage that can occur during solidification, thus improving the quality of borehole sealing provided by the grouting bag.

[0035] Specifically, the connector 43 includes a connecting flange 431, a connecting pipe head 13, a flexible connecting pipe 432, a protective spring 433, a sealing head 434, and a universal rod 435. There are two sealing heads 431, with the front halves of each head located within the end faces of adjacent anchor bolts 41 and sealing the end faces of the anchor bolts 41. At least one connecting pipe head 13 is also provided within each sealing head 431, with one end connected to the grouting pipe 46 inside the anchor bolt 41 and the other end connected to the flexible connecting pipe 432. The flexible connecting pipe 432 is located in the... Between two adjacent anchor rods 41, the rear half of the sealing head 434 is located outside the anchor rod 41, and a connecting flange 431 coaxially distributed on the outer side of the rear half of the sealing head 431 is provided. The connecting flanges 431 of the two sealing heads 434 are connected by at least three universal rods 435 evenly distributed around the axis of the sealing head 434, and both ends of the universal rods 435 are connected to the connecting flanges 431 by bolts. The protective springs 433 are respectively wrapped around the flexible connecting pipe 433 and the universal rods 435, and their two ends abut against the end faces of the connecting flanges 431 and the sealing head 434, respectively.

[0036] In this embodiment, the transition drainage sleeve 8 includes a guide sleeve 81, a cylindrical spring 82, a disc spring 83, a cutting edge 84, and a sealing ring 85. The guide sleeve 81 has a frustum-shaped structure and a mounting hole 86 coaxially distributed within it. The diameter of the front end face of the guide sleeve 81 is no more than 60% of the rear end face and is 1-10 cm larger than the diameter of the end spiral anchor rod 3. The mounting hole 86 of the guide sleeve 81 has a threaded connection on its sidewall, and the front end face of the guide sleeve 81 is connected to the rear end face of the end spiral anchor rod 3 through the mounting hole 86. The rear end face of the guide sleeve 81 is connected to the front end face of the sealing anchor rod 4 through the mounting hole 86, and the mounting hole 86 is connected to the end spiral anchor rod 3 and the sealing anchor rod 4 through a connecting thread. There are 1-6 cutting edges 84, which are connected to the outer surface of the guide sleeve 81. The flow guide sleeve 81 is arranged in a spiral structure around its axis, with the upper end face of the cutting edge 84 parallel to the outer surface of the flow guide sleeve 81. There are two disc springs 83, located inside the assembly hole 86, coaxially distributed with the assembly hole 86 and slidably connected to the wall of the assembly hole 86. The two disc springs 83 abut against the end spiral anchor rod 3 and the sealing anchor rod 4, respectively. At the same time, the two disc springs 83 are connected to each other by a cylindrical spring 82. There are two sealing rings 85, which cover the end spiral anchor rod 3 and the sealing anchor rod 4, respectively and are coaxially distributed with the flow guide sleeve 81. The sealing rings 85 abut against the end face of the flow guide sleeve 81. At the same time, a forced sealing strip 87 is provided at the rear end face of the sealing ring 85 and is coaxially distributed with it. The forced sealing strip 87 is embedded between the assembly hole 86 and the contact surface of the end spiral anchor rod 3 and the sealing anchor rod 4.

[0037] On the one hand, the cutting edge can effectively repair the borehole wall and improve the convenience of inserting the entire equipment into the borehole; on the other hand, the sealing ring can achieve preliminary sealing of the borehole. When the anchoring agent is injected into the borehole, it is blocked by the sealing ring and only covers the outer side and front end face of the end spiral anchor rod. This achieves a reliable connection between the end spiral anchor rod and the borehole wall, while also allowing the anchoring agent to seep into the borehole fractures to strengthen and seal the borehole structure.

[0038] In this embodiment, the elastic grouting sleeve 5 expands into an ellipsoidal structure, including a clamp 51, an elastic bearing section 52, and an elastic adjusting section 53. There are two elastic bearing sections 52, coaxially distributed between them. Each elastic bearing section 52 has a coaxially distributed assembly hole 86 at its rear end face, which covers the bottom of the positioning groove 11. At least one clamp 51 is provided on the outer side of the elastic bearing section 52 corresponding to the assembly hole 86, and the assembly hole 86 is connected to the positioning groove 11 via the clamp 51. The bottom of the 11 groove is connected and the contact surface between the assembly hole 86 and the bottom of the positioning groove 11 is sealed. The front end face of the elastic bearing section 52 is provided with an adjustment groove 54 coaxially distributed with it. The elastic adjustment section 52 is a tubular structure coaxially distributed with the positioning groove 11. The elastic adjustment section 53 covers the outside of the positioning groove 11 and its two ends are respectively embedded in the adjustment groove 54 and are slidably connected with the groove wall of the adjustment groove 54. At the same time, when the elastic grouting sleeve 5 expands to the maximum volume, 3%-10% of the effective length of the elastic adjustment section 53 is embedded in the adjustment groove 54.

[0039] During operation, on the one hand, the elastic deformation capacity of the elastic bearing section and the elastic adjustment section is used to achieve the purpose of synchronous volume expansion with the grouting material pressure; on the other hand, the elastic bearing section and the elastic adjustment section are set to adjust the length of the elastic adjustment section extending from the adjustment groove when the elastic grouting sleeve expands, thereby achieving the purpose of flexibly adjusting the equipment structure.

[0040] Furthermore, the anchoring plate 6 includes a base 61, pressure plates 62, disc springs 63, and auxiliary springs 64. The base 61 is a frustum-shaped groove structure, with a through hole 65 coaxially distributed on its upper surface. The disc spring 63 is embedded in the groove of the base 61 and is flush with the lower surface of the base 61. The outer side of the disc spring 63 is connected to the inner side of the side wall of the base 61 through several auxiliary springs 64. There are at least four pressure plates 62, each with a cross-section of [missing information]. The rectangular plate structure has at least two pressure plates 62 whose rear ends are hinged to the outer side of the top of the base 61 via elastic hinges; at least two pressure plates 62 whose rear ends are hinged to the outer side of the bottom of the base 61 via elastic hinges; the pressure plates 62 connected to the top and bottom of the base 61 are parallel to each other and evenly distributed around the axis of the base 61; the plate surface of the pressure plate 62 forms an angle of 0° to 90° with the axis of the base 61; and the two pressure plates 62 connected to the top and bottom of the base 61 are connected to each other by at least one bolt 66.

[0041] The combination of the disc spring and the auxiliary spring can not only cover the anchor bolt, but also elastically absorb the pressure on the contact surface between the rock wall and the base support. At the same time, the auxiliary spring can not only provide load-bearing positioning between the base support and the disc spring, but also effectively realize the elastic absorption capacity of the base support when it deforms due to the load-bearing positioning force between the rock wall and the base support.

[0042] In addition, the pressure plate can effectively improve the positioning stability between the base support and the rock wall, and also effectively achieve the purpose of adjusting the pressure between the base support and the rock wall by utilizing the depth of the connection between the screw and the rock wall. The elastic hinge can effectively achieve a certain synchronous adjustment capability when the rock wall deforms, thereby further improving the stability and reliability of the base support connection and positioning.

[0043] The base 61 has several deformation grooves 67 evenly distributed around the axis of the base. The deformation grooves 67 are rectangular grooves, and the lower end face of the deformation grooves 67 is flush with the base 61. The distance between the upper end face of the deformation grooves 67 and the upper end face of the base 61 is not less than 20% of the width of the base 61.

[0044] By incorporating deformation grooves, the elastic deformation capacity of the base support under stress can be effectively improved, thereby enhancing the stability and reliability of equipment operation.

[0045] A sealing method for a multi-point leak-stopping and anchoring device combined with grouting for high slope support includes the following steps:

[0046] S1, Anchor bolt assembly: First, the structure of the bearing cover, end spiral anchor bolt, sealing anchor bolt, elastic grouting sleeve, and transition drainage sleeve, as well as the length of the sealing anchor bolt, are set according to the depth and diameter of the preset borehole. Then, the bearing cover, anchoring agent, end spiral anchor bolt, sealing anchor bolt, elastic grouting sleeve, anchoring disc, fastening nut, transition drainage sleeve, and one-way valve are assembled to obtain the finished leak-sealing device.

[0047] S2, Pre-tightening and Fixing: After completing step S1, the pre-made plugging and sealing device is embedded into the pre-drilled hole, with the rear end face of the sealing anchor rod facing outside the rock wall. When the pre-made plugging and sealing device is embedded into the pre-drilled hole, axial pressure is applied to the sealing anchor rod. This axial pressure causes the guide cover at the front end to crack, and the anchoring agent inside overflows into the bottom space of the pre-drilled hole. The anchoring agent is used to fill and bond the gap between the end spiral anchor rod and the drill space. On the other hand, the anchoring plate set in the rear half of the sealing anchor rod abuts against the outer side of the rock wall, and the anchoring plate is pressed by the fastening nut. This completes the initial positioning of the pre-made plugging and sealing device.

[0048] S3, Grouting and Leak Sealing Anchoring: After completing step S2, connect the grouting pipe to the external grouting equipment. First, inject grout into each elastic grouting sleeve and each leak sealing device through the external grouting equipment. First, grouting is carried out to ensure that the pressure inside the elastic grouting sleeve is not less than 0.5MPa, and the elastic grouting sleeve and leak sealing device expand in volume under the pressure of the grouting grout. After the volume expansion, the outer surface of the elastic grouting sleeve and each leak sealing device abuts against the borehole wall and increases the contact surface pressure, thereby improving the positioning force between the elastic grouting sleeve and the borehole wall and sealing the pre-drilled borehole wall. Then, after completing the grouting and sealing of each elastic grouting sleeve and each leak sealing device, the grout is directly injected into the borehole space between two adjacent elastic grouting sleeves and leak sealing devices through the grouting hole, using the grout to perform secondary reinforcement and sealing of the borehole.

[0049] In this embodiment, in step S3, the grouting slurry is any one or a mixture of several of the following: quick-drying and fast-hardening cement (sand) slurry, high-temperature molten resin material, and polymer foaming material.

[0050] The system of this invention has a simple structure, high degree of integration and modularity, and can be flexibly adjusted according to the needs of use, thereby effectively adapting to the needs of anchoring, sealing and reinforcement operations in various geological structures. At the same time, it is flexible and convenient to use, and the construction process is simple and easy to master, which can effectively reduce construction costs. On the other hand, it can greatly improve the strength and positioning stability of the positioning connection structure between the anchor and the borehole, and can also repair the cracks existing in the stratum structure, thereby improving the reliability and stability of anchoring and sealing positioning of geological structures.

[0051] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-point leak-stopping and anchoring device for grouting combination in high slope support, characterized in that: The high slope support grouting combined multi-point plugging and sealing device includes a bearing cover, anchoring agent, end spiral anchor rods, sealing anchor rods, elastic grouting sleeves, anchoring discs, fastening nuts, transition drainage sleeves, and one-way valves. The rear end face of the end spiral anchor rod is connected to the sealing anchor rod through the transition drainage sleeve and is coaxially distributed. The transition drainage sleeve has a frustum-shaped structure, and its maximum outer diameter is at least 10 mm larger than the outer diameter of the end spiral anchor rod and the sealing anchor rod. At the same time, the front end face of the end spiral anchor rod is connected to the bearing cover and is coaxially distributed. The bearing cover has a conical cavity structure. The anchoring agent and the front end face of the end spiral anchor rod are located inside the bearing cover. The sealing anchor rod has a grouting channel coaxially distributed with it inside, and the outer side of the front half is provided with a grouting channel. The ring-shaped positioning groove is coaxially distributed. At least two elastic grouting sleeves are embedded in the positioning groove and cover the bottom of the positioning groove. Each elastic grouting sleeve is distributed along the axis of the sealing anchor rod. The distance between two adjacent elastic grouting sleeves is not less than 5 mm. At least one grouting hole is provided at the corresponding position of the side wall of the sealing anchor rod and at the position between two adjacent elastic grouting sleeves. Each grouting hole is equipped with a one-way valve and is connected to the grouting channel through a guide valve. At the same time, each elastic grouting sleeve is also connected to the grouting hole through a one-way valve. The anchoring plate and the fastening nut are both covered on the rear end face of the sealing anchor rod and coaxially distributed with the sealing anchor rod. The fastening nut is threaded to the outer side of the sealing anchor rod and abuts against the front end face of the anchoring plate.

2. The multi-point leak-stopping and anchoring device for grouting combined with high slope support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing anchor bolts include anchor bolts, sealing devices, connectors, retaining rings, positioning sleeves, and grouting pipes. Each anchor bolt is a hollow columnar structure with a rectangular axial cross-section. There are at least two anchor bolts, connected to adjacent bolts via connectors, and the anchor bolts and connectors are coaxially distributed. The front end face of the foremost anchor bolt is connected to and coaxially distributed with the transition drainage sleeve. The positioning sleeve, anchoring disc, and fastening nut all cover the last anchor bolt. The positioning sleeve is slidably connected to the anchor bolt, with its rear end face abutting against the front end face of the anchoring disc. The anchoring disc and fastening nut are threadedly connected to the anchor bolt, with the front end face of the fastening nut abutting against the rear end face of the anchoring disc. Positioning grooves are distributed along the axis of the sealing anchor bolt from front to back on the outer side of at least one anchor bolt. The retaining ring is a closed ring structure coaxially distributed with the sealing anchor bolt. Each positioning groove contains two retaining rings, and the two retaining rings are along the axis of the sealing anchor bolt. The lines are distributed at both ends of the positioning groove. The outer side of the retaining ring abuts against the groove wall, and the inner side abuts against the end face of the elastic grouting sleeve located at both ends of the positioning groove. At the same time, a leak-sealing device is provided in the positioning groove. The leak-sealing device covers the elastic grouting sleeve and is coaxially distributed with the elastic grouting sleeve. The two ends of the leak-sealing device abut against the inner side of the retaining ring and are slidably connected. The leak-sealing device is also connected to one of the grouting holes located between two adjacent elastic grouting sleeves through a guide branch pipe. In addition, at least one grouting hole is provided between two adjacent elastic grouting sleeves and is connected to the external drill hole. The outer diameter of the retaining ring is at least 1 mm larger than the outer diameter of the sealing anchor rod. When the elastic grouting sleeve and the leak-sealing device are in the ungrouting state, the outer diameter is not greater than the outer diameter of the retaining ring. There is at least one grouting pipe located inside each anchor rod. One end of the pipe is located outside the rear end face of the sealing anchor rod and is provided with a connecting pipe head. The other end is connected to each grouting hole through a one-way valve.

3. The multi-point leak-stopping and anchoring device for grouting combined with high slope support according to claim 2, characterized in that: The leak-sealing device includes an elastic permeable grouting bag, a waterproof liner, and a wear-resistant protective layer. The elastic permeable grouting bag is a hollow cavity structure with an axial cross-section that is either cylindrical or drum-shaped. One end of the elastic permeable grouting bag has a drain port and a guide hole, with the guide hole coaxially distributed with the elastic permeable grouting bag. The elastic permeable grouting bag covers the bottom of the positioning groove through the guide hole and is coaxially distributed with the positioning groove. The drain port is connected to a one-way valve at the grouting hole through a drain pipe. The waterproof liner and the wear-resistant protective layer are both hollow with a rectangular axial cross-section. The tubular structure has a waterproof liner covering the inner side of the elastic permeable grouting bag and coaxially distributed with it. The length of the waterproof liner is 80%-95% of the length of the elastic permeable grouting bag. The distance between the two ends of the waterproof liner and the two ends of the elastic permeable grouting bag is not less than 2 cm. The wear-resistant protective layer covers the waterproof liner, and its two ends are connected to the inner side of the elastic permeable grouting bag. The wear-resistant protective layer and the elastic permeable grouting bag form a closed protective cavity structure. At the same time, the outer side of the wear-resistant protective layer abuts against and slides against the bottom of the positioning groove.

4. The multi-point plugging and anchoring device for grouting combined with high slope support according to claim 3, characterized in that: The wear-resistant protective layer is a hollow columnar structure with an axial cross-section of either rectangle or hyperbola. Elastic pads are provided at both ends of the wear-resistant protective layer and are connected to the inner side of the elastic permeable grouting bag through the elastic pads. The elastic pads are closed ring structures coaxially distributed with the elastic permeable grouting bag, and their height is 1 to 1.5 times the thickness of the waterproof lining. At the same time, several elastic bearing blocks are provided on the outer side of the wear-resistant protective layer. The elastic bearing blocks are either spherical crown-shaped structures or truncated pyramidal structures, and the wear-resistant protective layer abuts against the bottom of the positioning groove through the elastic bearing blocks.

5. A multi-point leak-stopping and anchoring device for grouting combined with high slope support according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connector includes a connecting flange, a connecting pipe head, a flexible connecting pipe, a protective spring, a sealing head, and a universal rod. There are two sealing heads, with the front halves of each head located within the end faces of two adjacent anchor rods and sealing the anchor rod end faces. Each sealing head also contains at least one connecting pipe head, with one end connected to the grouting pipe inside the anchor rod and the other end connected to the flexible connecting pipe. The flexible connecting pipe is located between two adjacent anchor rods. The rear half of the sealing head is located outside the anchor rod, and a connecting flange coaxially distributed on the outer surface of the rear half of the sealing head is provided. The connecting flanges of the two sealing heads are connected by at least three universal rods evenly distributed around the axis of the sealing heads, with both ends of the universal rods connected to the connecting flanges by bolts. The protective springs are respectively wrapped around the flexible connecting pipe and the universal rods, with both ends abutting against the connecting flange and the end face of the sealing head.

6. The multi-point leak-stopping and anchoring device for grouting combined with high slope support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transition drainage sleeve includes a guide sleeve, a cylindrical spring, a disc spring, cutting edges, and a sealing ring. The guide sleeve has a frustum-shaped structure and an assembly hole coaxially distributed within it. The diameter of the front end face of the guide sleeve is no more than 60% of the diameter of the rear end face and is 1-10 cm larger than the diameter of the end spiral anchor rod. The assembly hole of the guide sleeve has a threaded connection on its sidewall, and the front end face of the guide sleeve is connected to the rear end face of the end spiral anchor rod through the assembly hole. The rear end face of the guide sleeve is connected to the front end face of the sealing anchor rod through the assembly hole, and the assembly hole is connected to both the end spiral anchor rod and the sealing anchor rod via a threaded connection. There are 1-6 cutting edges, which are connected to the outer surface of the guide sleeve and surround the guide sleeve. The sleeve axis is distributed in a spiral structure, and the upper end face of the cutting edge is parallel to the outer side of the guide sleeve. There are two disc springs, located in the assembly hole, coaxially distributed with the assembly hole and slidably connected to the wall of the assembly hole. The two disc springs abut against the end spiral anchor rod and the sealing anchor rod respectively. At the same time, the two disc springs are connected to each other by a cylindrical spring. There are two sealing rings, which cover the end spiral anchor rod and the sealing anchor rod respectively and are coaxially distributed with the guide sleeve. The sealing rings abut against the end face of the guide sleeve. At the same time, a forced sealing strip is provided at the rear end face of the sealing ring and is coaxially distributed with it. The forced sealing strip is embedded between the assembly hole and the contact surface of the end spiral anchor rod and the sealing anchor rod.

7. The multi-point leak-stopping and anchoring device for grouting combined with high slope support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic grouting sleeve expands to an ellipsoidal structure, including a clamp, an elastic bearing section, and an elastic adjusting section. There are two elastic bearing sections, coaxially distributed between them. Each elastic bearing section has a coaxially distributed assembly hole at its rear end face, which covers the bottom of the positioning groove. At least one clamp is provided on the outer side of the elastic bearing section corresponding to the assembly hole, connecting the assembly hole to the bottom of the positioning groove and sealing the contact surface between the assembly hole and the bottom of the positioning groove. An adjusting groove is coaxially distributed on the front end face of each elastic bearing section. The elastic adjusting section is a tubular structure coaxially distributed with the positioning groove, covering the positioning groove with both ends embedded in the adjusting groove and slidably connected to the groove wall. When the elastic grouting sleeve expands to its maximum volume, 3%–10% of the effective length of the elastic adjusting section is embedded in the adjusting groove.

8. The multi-point plugging and anchoring device for grouting combined with high slope support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchoring plate includes a base, pressure plates, disc springs, and auxiliary springs. The base is a frustum-shaped groove structure with a through hole coaxially distributed on its upper surface. The disc spring is embedded in the groove of the base and is flush with the lower surface of the base. The outer side of the disc spring is connected to the inner side of the base sidewall through several auxiliary springs. There are at least four pressure plates, each with a rectangular cross-section. The rear ends of at least two pressure plates are hinged to the outer side of the top of the base via elastic hinges, and the rear ends of at least two pressure plates are hinged to the outer side of the bottom of the base via elastic hinges. The pressure plates connecting the top and bottom of the base are parallel to each other and evenly distributed around the axis of the base. The surface of each pressure plate forms an angle of 0°–90° with the axis of the base. The two pressure plates connecting the top and bottom of the base are also connected to each other by at least one bolt.

9. The sealing method of the combined multi-point plugging and anchoring device for grouting in high slope support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blocking method includes the following steps: S1, Anchor bolt assembly: First, the structure of the bearing cover, end spiral anchor bolt, sealing anchor bolt, elastic grouting sleeve, and transition drainage sleeve, as well as the length of the sealing anchor bolt, are set according to the depth and diameter of the preset borehole. Then, the bearing cover, anchoring agent, end spiral anchor bolt, sealing anchor bolt, elastic grouting sleeve, anchoring disc, fastening nut, transition drainage sleeve, and one-way valve are assembled to obtain the finished leak-sealing device. S2, Pre-tightening and Fixing: After completing step S1, the pre-made plugging and sealing device is embedded into the pre-drilled hole, with the rear end face of the sealing anchor rod facing outside the rock wall. When the pre-made plugging and sealing device is embedded into the pre-drilled hole, axial pressure is applied to the sealing anchor rod. This axial pressure causes the guide cover at the front end to crack, and the anchoring agent inside overflows into the bottom space of the pre-drilled hole. The anchoring agent is used to fill and bond the gap between the end spiral anchor rod and the drill space. On the other hand, the anchoring plate set in the rear half of the sealing anchor rod abuts against the outer side of the rock wall, and the anchoring plate is pressed by the fastening nut. This completes the initial positioning of the pre-made plugging and sealing device. S3, Grouting and Leak Sealing Anchoring: After completing step S2, connect the grouting pipe to the external grouting equipment. First, inject grout into each elastic grouting sleeve and each leak sealing device through the external grouting equipment. First, grouting is carried out to ensure that the pressure inside the elastic grouting sleeve is not less than 0.5MPa, and the elastic grouting sleeve and leak sealing device expand in volume under the pressure of the grouting grout. After the volume expansion, the outer surface of the elastic grouting sleeve and each leak sealing device abuts against the borehole wall and increases the contact surface pressure, thereby improving the positioning force between the elastic grouting sleeve and the borehole wall and sealing the pre-drilled borehole wall. Then, after completing the grouting and sealing of each elastic grouting sleeve and each leak sealing device, the grout is directly injected into the borehole space between two adjacent elastic grouting sleeves and leak sealing devices through the grouting hole, using the grout to perform secondary reinforcement and sealing of the borehole.

10. The sealing method of a multi-point plugging and anchoring device for grouting combination in high slope support according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S3, the grout is any one or a mixture of several of the following: quick-drying and fast-hardening cement (sand) grout, high-temperature molten resin material, and polymer foaming material.

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