Hybrid power generation system for ship

Abstract

To provide a hybrid power generation system for a ship that can effectively adjust the output power balance between a main power generator and an auxiliary power generator according to a change in power demand from facilities in the ship.SOLUTION: A hybrid power generation system for a ship 1 comprises a main power generator group 10 that sends out a first output power, and an auxiliary power generator 30 that sends out a second output power. A power management device 50 sequentially executes a first step of adjusting the first output power on the basis of navigation information and facility operating information, a second step of estimating the second output power on the basis of operation information and / or the navigation information, a third step of sending out the second output power when the estimated second output power is equal to or more than a predetermined value, and a fourth step of adjusting the first output power so as to reduce power corresponding to the second output power.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a hybrid power generation system for a marine vessel. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, a main generator powered by an internal combustion engine (for example, a diesel generator with a rated output power of 1.0 to 1.5 MW) has been used to supply power to onboard equipment on cargo ships and other vessels. A plurality of such main generators (for example, three) are installed to take into account the maximum power demand when entering and leaving port and during cargo handling operations while anchored. Furthermore, as described in Patent Document 1, a power generation system for a ship that uses both a generator and a secondary battery has also been proposed. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2019-142376 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In recent years, however, binary generators (organic Rankine cycle generators) that utilize waste heat and / or excess heat generated by the main engine that provides the ship's propulsion power, and shaft generators powered by the main engine, have been used as auxiliary generators to save fuel consumed by the main generators. The power demand for onboard equipment varies depending on the ship's navigation status, and auxiliary generators are generally only capable of generating power at limited times. Therefore, hybrid power generation systems that add an auxiliary generator to a conventional main generator require new technologies to operate the auxiliary generator effectively in response to changes in power demand.

[0005] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a hybrid power generation system for a ship that can effectively adjust the output power balance between the main generator and the auxiliary generator in response to changes in the power demand of the onboard equipment. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The marine hybrid power generation system of the present invention is a marine hybrid power generation system that supplies power to the interior of the marine vessel using multiple types of generators with different energy sources, and includes a main generator group consisting of multiple main generators powered by an internal combustion engine, an auxiliary generator operated by something other than the internal combustion engine, a main power generation control device capable of controlling a first output power of the main generator group, an auxiliary power generation control device capable of controlling a second output power of the auxiliary generators, and a power management device that manages the operation of the main power generation control device and the auxiliary power generation control device, wherein the power management device is configured to sequentially perform the following steps: a first step of adjusting the first output power via the main power generation control device based on navigation information of the vessel and equipment operation information of the vessel; a second step of estimating the second output power that can be supplied from the auxiliary generator based on main engine operation information and / or the navigation information; a third step of transmitting the second output power via the auxiliary power generation control device when the estimated second output power is equal to or greater than a predetermined value; and a fourth step of adjusting the first output power via the main power generation control device so as to reduce power equivalent to the second output power. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a marine hybrid power generation system that can effectively adjust the output power balance between the main generator and the auxiliary generator in response to changes in the power demand of the onboard facilities. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a hybrid power generation system for a marine vessel according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the flow of processing performed by the power management apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] 1. First embodiment A marine hybrid power generation system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a marine vessel 100 including the marine hybrid power generation system 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 1, the marine vessel 100 is equipped with the marine hybrid power generation system 1 in addition to a main engine 120 and onboard equipment 130.

[0010] The main engine 120 is a device that generates propulsive power for the ship 100. The main engine 120 supplies energy to at least a portion of the auxiliary generator 30, which will be described later.

[0011] The onboard equipment 130 is equipment provided on the ship 100, and is operated by electricity generated by at least one of the main generator group 10 and the auxiliary generator 30, which will be described later. Examples of the onboard equipment 130 include thrusters as steering devices, and deck hydraulic machines and ballast water pumps as cargo handling devices.

[0012] (Hybrid power generation system for ships) The marine hybrid power generation system 1 is a system that supplies power to the marine vessel using multiple types of generators with different energy sources. The marine hybrid power generation system 1 includes a main generator group 10, an auxiliary generator 30, a main power generation control device 52, an auxiliary power generation control device 54, and a power management device 50.

[0013] The main generator group 10, the auxiliary generator 30, the main power generation control device 52, the auxiliary power generation control device 54, and the power management device 50 provided in the marine hybrid power generation system 1 will be described in detail in this order.

[0014] (Main generator group) A generator that operates using an internal combustion engine as its driving force is called a main generator. An internal combustion engine is provided for each main generator. An example of a main generator is a diesel generator. When the main generator is a diesel generator, the internal combustion engine is a diesel engine. The main generator generates electricity by transmitting the rotation of the diesel engine to an alternator.

[0015] A group of multiple main generators is called a main generator group 10. In the example shown in FIG. 1 , the main generator group 10 includes a total of three main generators: a first main generator 11, a second main generator 12, and a third main generator 13. However, the number of main generators included in the main generator group 10 is not limited to three. The power output by the main generator group 10 is called first output power. The first output power is output from the main generator group 10 to the onboard equipment 130.

[0016] (auxiliary generator) A generator that operates using a driving force other than an internal combustion engine is called an auxiliary generator 30. The driving force of the auxiliary generator 30 is not particularly limited as long as it is other than an internal combustion engine. Furthermore, the number of auxiliary generators 30 is not particularly limited. The electric power output by the auxiliary generator 30 is called second output power. The second output power is output from the auxiliary generator 30 to the onboard equipment 130.

[0017] In the example shown in FIG. 1, the auxiliary generator 30 includes a first auxiliary generator 31 and a second auxiliary generator 32.

[0018] The first auxiliary generator 31 is a binary generator, i.e., an organic Rankine cycle generator. The first auxiliary generator 31 generates electricity by utilizing waste heat or excess heat generated within the ship 100.

[0019] The binary generator has a configuration in which a circulation pump, a heater, an expander, and a cooler are connected in this order in a ring shape by a working medium circulation circuit. The binary generator uses at least one of the supercharged air sent to the main engine 120 and the exhaust gas discharged from the main engine 120 as a heat source fluid for the heater to vaporize the working medium, and generates electricity by transmitting the rotation of the expander to an alternator. When both the supercharged air and the exhaust gas are used as heat source fluids, it is preferable that the heaters be configured with a first heater located in the front stage and a second heater located in the rear stage, with the supercharged air as the heat source fluid for the first heater and the exhaust gas as the heat source fluid for the second heater. Note that the binary generator may also generate electricity using heat source fluids other than the supercharged air and the exhaust gas (such as the jacket cooling water of the main engine or excess steam).

[0020] The second auxiliary generator 32 can be various types of generators other than binary generators, such as a shaft generator, a solar generator, a wind generator, a steam generator, or a gas turbine generator. The second auxiliary generator 32 may also include multiple types of generators. The driving force of the second auxiliary generator 32 varies depending on the type of generator. For example, if the second auxiliary generator 32 is a shaft generator, the driving force is the main engine 120. A shaft generator generates electricity using the rotation of the shaft of the main engine 120 as its driving force. For example, if the second auxiliary generator 32 is a solar generator or a wind generator, the driving force is natural energy. For example, if the second auxiliary generator 32 is a steam generator, the driving force is steam generated by an exhaust gas economizer (a steam generating device that uses the exhaust gas from the main engine 120 as a heat source fluid). For example, if the second auxiliary generator 32 is a gas turbine generator, the driving force is exhaust gas discharged from the main engine 120.

[0021] (Main power generation control device) The main power generation control device 52 is a device that controls the delivery of the first output power (unit: W). The main power generation control device 52 is connected to the main generator group 10.

[0022] (Auxiliary power generation control device) The auxiliary power generation control device 54 is a device that controls the delivery of the second output power (unit: W). The auxiliary power generation control device 54 is connected to the auxiliary generator 30.

[0023] (power management device) The power management device 50 is a device that controls the operation of the main power generation control device 52 and the auxiliary power generation control device 54. The power management device 50 is connected to the main power generation control device 52 and the auxiliary power generation control device 54. The power management device 50 performs the processing of steps 1 to 4 described below. The power management device 50 can also be called an EMS (energy management system) or a system controller.

[0024] Navigation information of the ship 100, equipment operation information of the ship 100, and operation information of the main engine 120 are input to the power management device 50.

[0025] Navigation information for the ship 100 includes, for example, (1) natural environment information (weather, sea conditions, etc.), (2) position information (latitude, longitude, etc.), (3) maneuvering information (course, rudder angle, speed, main engine RPM, thruster, etc.), (4) hull motion information (turning angle, etc.), and (5) geographical information (distance from the ship to the quay, etc.).

[0026] The equipment operation information of the ship 100 means operation information of the onboard equipment 130 provided on the ship 100. The equipment operation information of the ship 100 includes the operation / idle status of cargo handling-related equipment such as cranes, derricks, and ballast water pumps.

[0027] The operation information of the main engine 120 includes, for example, (1) the amount of waste heat remaining after heat recovery (the amount of heat contained in the exhaust gas that has undergone heat recovery in the exhaust gas turbine and the exhaust gas economizer) linked to the load factor of the main engine 120, and (2) the amount of compression heat generated in the turbocharger linked to the amount of heat recovered in the exhaust gas turbine. In a binary generator, the amount of compression heat is the amount of heat input to the first heater, and the amount of waste heat is the amount of heat input to the second heater.

[0028] The processing performed by the power management apparatus 50 will be described with reference to Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a flow diagram showing the flow of processing executed by the power management apparatus 50. In the following description and Fig. 2, S1 indicates the first step. The same applies to the other steps.

[0029] In a first step S1, the power management device 50 adjusts the first output power based on navigation information of the ship 100 and equipment operation information of the ship 100. For example, the first output power is adjusted according to the power consumption of thrusters and cargo-handling-related equipment. The adjustment of the first output power is performed via the main power generation control device 52.

[0030] The adjustment of the first output power of the main generator group 10 in the first step S1 includes increasing or decreasing the number of operating main generators 11, 12, and 13 included in the main generator group 10, and switching between full load operation and partial load operation of each of the main generators 11, 12, and 13 included in the main generator group 10.

[0031] In a second step S2, the power management device 50 estimates the second output power that can be supplied from the auxiliary generator 30 based on the operation information and / or navigation information of the main engine 120. The estimation of the second output power can be performed by the power management device 50. The method of estimating the second output power will be described later.

[0032] The third step S3 includes a decision step S3.1 and a processing step S3.2. In the decision step S3.1, the power management device 50 determines whether the second output power estimated in the second step S2 is equal to or greater than a predetermined value. If the result of decision step S3.1 is YES, the process proceeds to processing step S3.2, where the second output power is sent via the auxiliary power generation control device 54. The second output power is sent from the auxiliary generator 30 to the onboard equipment 130. On the other hand, if the result of decision step S3.1 is NO, the second output power is not sent and the process returns to the second step S2. This allows the second output power to be sent as soon as the estimated second output power becomes equal to or greater than the predetermined value.

[0033] The second output power of the auxiliary generator 30 in the third step S3 is basically sent out at full load, and if a plurality of auxiliary generators 30 are installed, all of them are operated.

[0034] In a fourth step S4, the power management device 50 adjusts the first output power so as to reduce the power equivalent to the second output power via the main power generation control device 52. In the fourth step S4, the output of the first output power is reduced by the amount of the second output power sent in the third step S3.

[0035] (Method for estimating second output power) If the auxiliary generator 30 includes a binary generator, in the second step S2, the power management device 50 can estimate the second output power based on the operation information of the main engine 120. Specifically, the second output power of the binary generator can be estimated from real-time operation information during the voyage, such as the amount of waste heat and the amount of compressed heat.

[0036] If the auxiliary generator 30 includes a shaft generator, in the second step S2, the power management device 50 can estimate the second output power based on navigation information of the ship 100. Specifically, the second output power of the shaft generator can be estimated from real-time maneuvering information during the voyage, such as the main engine speed.

[0037] If the auxiliary generator 30 includes a solar generator and / or a wind generator, in a second step S2, the power management device 50 can estimate the second output power based on navigation information of the ship 100. Specifically, the second output power of the solar generator or the wind generator can be estimated from real-time natural environment information during the voyage, such as the irradiance and wind speed.

[0038] If the auxiliary generator 30 includes a steam generator, in the second step S2, the power management device 50 can estimate the second output power based on operation information of the main engine 120. Specifically, the second output power of the steam generator can be estimated from real-time operation information during the voyage, such as the amount of steam generated by an exhaust gas economizer or a steam boiler for burning BOG (evaporative organic gas).

[0039] Note that types of steam generators include, for example, steam turbine generators using a turbine as a prime mover and steam expander generators using a screw rotor as a prime mover, but the former are often installed on the ship 100. Steam is mainly generated by an exhaust gas economizer, but in the case of LNG carriers, it may also be generated by a gas-fired boiler that uses boil-off gas produced in the LNG tank as fuel.

[0040] If the auxiliary generator 30 includes a gas turbine generator, in the second step S2, the power management device 50 can estimate the second output power based on operation information of the main engine 120. Specifically, the second output power of the gas turbine generator can be estimated from real-time operation information during the voyage, for example, the amount of exhaust gas generated linked to the load factor of the main engine 120.

[0041] When the ship 100 is a cargo ship, for example, the power demand of the onboard equipment 130 increases when entering or leaving port, when thrusters, which are steering devices, are activated, and when the ship is at anchor, when deck hydraulic machinery and ballast water pumps are activated for cargo handling operations. Meanwhile, when entering or leaving port or when the ship is at anchor, it is difficult to obtain the output power of the auxiliary generator 30, so that the main generator group 10 covers almost 100% of the power demand. In contrast, during normal navigation, the power demand decreases significantly and the output power of the auxiliary generator 30 becomes available, so that part or all of the first output power of the main generator group 10 is replaced with the second output power of the auxiliary generator 30. According to the first embodiment, when energy is available for the auxiliary generator 30, the auxiliary generator 30 is operated as a base load generator, thereby reducing the load on the main generator group 10 and reducing fuel consumption.

[0042] 2. Second embodiment As shown in FIG. 1, when the auxiliary generator 30 includes at least a first auxiliary generator 31 and a second auxiliary generator 32 of a different type from the first auxiliary generator 31, the power management device 50 can estimate the second output power that can be supplied from the first auxiliary generator 31 and the second auxiliary generator 32 in a second step S2, and can cause the auxiliary generator whose estimated second output power is equal to or greater than a predetermined value to output the second output power in a third step S3.

[0043] For example, as shown in FIG. 1 , the auxiliary generator 30 includes a first auxiliary generator 31 that is a binary generator and a second auxiliary generator 32 that is a shaft generator. In a second step S2, the power management device 50 estimates the second output power that can be supplied from each of the first auxiliary generator 31 and the second auxiliary generator 32. Then, in a third step S3, the power management device 50 causes the auxiliary generator 30 whose estimated second output power is equal to or greater than a predetermined value to output the second output power. For example, if the estimated value of the second output power of the first auxiliary generator 31 is equal to or greater than the predetermined value and the estimated value of the second output power of the second auxiliary generator 32 is less than the predetermined value, the power management device 50 causes only the first auxiliary generator 31 to output the second output power.

[0044] After the first auxiliary generator 31 is operated first, in a fourth step S4, the power management device 50 reduces the first output power of the main generator group 10 by an amount equivalent to the second output power of the first auxiliary generator 31.

[0045] After the first auxiliary generator 31 is operated first to reduce the first output power, steps S2 to S4 can be repeated for the second auxiliary generator 32. That is, when the second output power of the second auxiliary generator 32 becomes equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the second output power is further output from the second auxiliary generator 32, and the first output power of the main generator group 10 is reduced by an amount equivalent to the second output power of the second auxiliary generator 32. The second output power of the first auxiliary generator 31 and the second output power of the second auxiliary generator 32 can be set to different rated output powers determined by the specifications of each auxiliary generator 31, 32.

[0046] According to the second embodiment, when the auxiliary generator 30 includes a plurality of individual auxiliary generators, the delivery of the second output power of each auxiliary generator can be controlled sequentially. Note that the same operation is performed when the delivery of the second output power of the first auxiliary generator 31 precedes the delivery of the second output power of the second auxiliary generator 21.

[0047] 3. Third embodiment When the first auxiliary generator 31 is a binary generator, priority control of the power sent from the binary generator can be executed.

[0048] If the first auxiliary generator 31 and the second auxiliary generator 32 are both capable of supplying power in the third step S3.1 (the estimated values ​​of the second output power are both equal to or greater than a predetermined value), the power management device 50 causes the first auxiliary generator 31 to preferentially send the second output power in the third step S3.2. In other words, if both the binary generator and an auxiliary generator other than the binary generator are capable of supplying power, the power management device 50 causes the binary generator to preferentially supply power. Note that if only the second auxiliary generator 32 is capable of supplying power in the third step S3.1, the processing will wait until the first auxiliary generator 31 becomes capable of supplying power.

[0049] According to the third embodiment, for example, if a steam turbine generator that receives a portion of the steam generated by the exhaust gas economizer is already installed as the second auxiliary generator 32 in the engine room of the ship 100, and a binary generator is added as the first auxiliary generator 31 to recover heat from the supercharged air and exhaust gas of the main engine 120, the effect of heat recovery can be maximized by using the binary generator preferentially.

[0050] If the second auxiliary generator 32 further includes a different type of generator, the second auxiliary generators 32 may be prioritized for operation as long as the number of operating main generators 10 is the minimum number according to the ship class and does not fall below the minimum output power. For example, a binary generator serving as the first auxiliary generator 31 may be given first priority, a shaft generator serving as the second auxiliary generator 32 may be given second priority, a solar generator also serving as the second auxiliary generator 32 may be given third priority, and a steam turbine generator serving as the second auxiliary generator 32 may be given fourth priority. By using binary generators preferentially in this way, the effect of heat recovery can be maximized.

[0051] The second output power of the binary generator as the first auxiliary generator 31 can be estimated from real-time operating information during the voyage, such as the amount of waste heat and the amount of heat of compression. When there is thermal energy available for the binary generator, the first auxiliary generator 31, i.e., the binary generator, can be operated as a base load generator, thereby reducing the fuel consumed by the main generator group 10.

[0052] Although the present invention has been described above as an embodiment, it is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various changes, modifications, and combinations are possible.

[0053] [Contribution to the United Nations-led Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)] The marine hybrid power generation system according to the present disclosure can reduce the fossil fuel consumption by the main generator group 10, and can therefore contribute to achieving Goal 7 of the SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals), "Affordable and clean energy," and Goal 13, "Take urgent action to combat climate change and other urgent needs." [Explanation of symbols]

[0054] 1. Marine hybrid power generation system 10 Main Generator Group 11 No. 1 main generator 12 No. 2 main generator 13 Third main generator 30 Auxiliary generator 31 First Auxiliary Generator 32 Second Auxiliary Generator 50 Power management device 52 Main power generation control device 54 Auxiliary power generation control device 100 ships 120 Main engine 130 Onboard Facilities

Claims

1. A marine hybrid power generation system that supplies power to a marine vessel using multiple types of generators with different energy sources, a main generator group consisting of a plurality of main generators powered by internal combustion engines; an auxiliary generator operated by a means other than the internal combustion engine; a main power generation control device capable of controlling a first output power of the main power generator group; an auxiliary power generation control device capable of controlling the second output power of the auxiliary generator; a power management device that controls the operation of the main power generation control device and the auxiliary power generation control device, The power management device a first step of adjusting a first output power via the main power generation control device based on navigation information of the ship and equipment operation information of the ship; a second step of estimating a second output power that can be supplied from the auxiliary generator based on operation information of the main engine and / or the navigation information; a third step of transmitting the second output power via the auxiliary power generation control device when the estimated second output power is equal to or greater than a predetermined value; and a fourth step of adjusting the first output power via the main power generation controller to reduce power corresponding to the second output power. Hybrid power generation system for ships.

2. The auxiliary generator is a first auxiliary generator; a second auxiliary generator of a different type from the first auxiliary generator, The power management device In the second step, the second output power that can be supplied from the first auxiliary generator and the second auxiliary generator is estimated, In the third step, the second output power is transmitted from the auxiliary generator when the estimated second output power is equal to or greater than a predetermined value. The marine hybrid power generation system according to claim 1 .

3. The power management device In the second step, when both the first auxiliary generator and the second auxiliary generator are capable of supplying power, In the third step, the second output power is preferentially transmitted from the first auxiliary generator; the first auxiliary generator is a binary generator that utilizes waste heat or excess heat generated within the vessel; In the second step, the power management device estimates the second output power based on the operation information. The marine hybrid power generation system according to claim 2 .

4. the second auxiliary generator is a shaft generator powered by the main engine, In the second step, the power management device estimates the second output power based on the navigation information. The marine hybrid power generation system according to claim 3 .

5. the second auxiliary generator is a solar power generator and / or a wind power generator that utilizes natural energy, In the second step, the power management device estimates the second output power based on the navigation information. The marine hybrid power generation system according to claim 3 .

6. the second auxiliary generator is a steam generator that utilizes steam generated on board the ship, In the second step, the power management device estimates the second output power based on the operation information. The marine hybrid power generation system according to claim 3 .

7. the second auxiliary generator is a gas turbine generator that utilizes exhaust gas from the main engine, In the second step, the power management device estimates the second output power based on the operation information. The marine hybrid power generation system according to claim 3 .

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