Energy storage device and method of manufacturing same

Abstract

An energy storage device comprising an electrode having a borophene layer comprising borophene particles and an ionic liquid, the energy storage device providing high capacity, fast charging, light weight, and long life, and a method for manufacturing the energy storage device.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application claims priority to and the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 297,160, filed January 6, 2022, and entitled “ENERGY STORAGE DEVICE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THEREOF,” which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. [Background technology]

[0002] As environmentally friendly energy sources, especially in the field of electric vehicles, continue to gain popularity, the need for high-performance energy storage devices continues to grow. Currently, lithium-ion batteries lead the market, but the needs and demands for new energy storage devices and new materials for improved performance continue to evolve. In particular, recently developed electrode materials have attracted attention because they can provide high performance to energy storage devices, such as high capacity, fast charging, fast output, and durability.

[0003] Two-dimensional (2D) nanostructured materials such as graphene have been the subject of extensive scientific research as potential new electrode materials due to their unique properties. Recently, borophene, a single layer of boron atoms that forms various crystal structures, has attracted attention as a "super material" due to its excellent electrical properties and can be applied in various fields such as energy storage and microelectronics. In particular, borophene can be used as an electrode material in energy storage devices due to its high capacity and excellent electrical conductivity. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present disclosure provides an energy storage device including a borophene-based electrode and a simplified method for manufacturing the same.

[0005] More specifically, the present disclosure provides an energy storage device comprising: The positive connector and The negative connector, an electrode assembly including one or more electrodes between a first protective layer and a second protective layer; a housing for containing the electrode assembly; the electrode comprises a borophene layer and a substrate, the borophene layer comprises borophene particles and an ionic liquid; The positive and negative connectors are attached to the outside of the housing.

[0006] Preferably, the ionic liquid is an aqueous solution of phosphoric acid.

[0007] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the borophene particles may have a particle size in the range of 0.001 to 2 μm.

[0008] Preferably, the substrate is microporous vulcanized cellulose or aluminum foil. More preferably, the substrate is microporous vulcanized cellulose.

[0009] In one embodiment, each of the first and second protective layers may be a plastic layer, the plastic layer being made of a plastic material such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, or nylon.

[0010] Preferably, the electrode assembly may include two or more electrodes and a third protective layer between the two or more electrodes.

[0011] Preferably, the electrodes may include borophene layers on both the top and bottom surfaces of the substrate.

[0012] In one embodiment, the housing is an aluminum housing.

[0013] In another embodiment, the housing may include one or more vents.

[0014] In yet another embodiment, the housing may have any shape selected from a cube, a rectangular prism, a coin, and a cylinder.

[0015] The present disclosure also provides a method of making an energy storage device, the method comprising: applying borophene particles to a surface of a substrate; Spraying an ionic liquid onto borophene particles on a substrate to form a precoat layer; spreading the precoat layer to form a borophene layer thereby forming one or more electrodes; laminating one or more electrodes between a first protective layer and a second protective layer to form an electrode assembly; Enclosing the electrode assembly in a housing; and attaching a positive connector and a negative connector to an outer surface of the housing.

[0016] Preferably, the ionic liquid may be an aqueous solution of phosphoric acid.

[0017] In one embodiment, the borophene particles may have a particle size of 0.001 to 2 μm.

[0018] Preferably, the substrate may be microporous vulcanized cellulose or aluminum foil. More preferably, the substrate may be microporous vulcanized cellulose.

[0019] Preferably, each of the first protective layer and the second protective layer may be a plastic layer.

[0020] The plastic layer may be formed of a plastic material consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride or nylon.

[0021] In one embodiment, the electrode assembly may include two or more electrodes and a third protective layer between the two or more electrodes.

[0022] In another embodiment, a borophene layer may be formed on both the top and bottom surfaces of the substrate.

[0023] In one embodiment, the housing may be an aluminum housing.

[0024] In another embodiment, the housing may include one or more vents.

[0025] In yet another embodiment, the housing may have any shape selected from a cube, a rectangular prism, a coin, and a cylinder.

[0026] The present disclosure further provides an energy storage module including a plurality of the energy storage devices described above.

[0027] In another aspect of the present disclosure, there is also provided an energy storage pack including a plurality of the energy storage modules described above.

[0028] Other devices and methods according to embodiments of the present disclosure will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art upon review of the following figures and detailed description, and all such additional devices and methods are intended to be included within the scope of this specification and this disclosure. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0029] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the structure of an electrode assembly of an energy storage device according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] [Figure 2A] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a structure of an energy storage device according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0031] [Figure 2B] FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the structure of an energy storage device according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0032] [Diagram 3] FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing the structure of an energy storage device according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0033] [Figure 4A] FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing the structure of an energy storage device according to a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0034] [Figure 4B] FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing the structure of an energy storage device according to a fifth embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0035] [Diagram 5] FIG. 2 is a plan view illustrating a structure of an energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0036] [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the structure of an energy storage pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0037] The following detailed description relates to energy storage devices including borophene-based electrodes and methods for making the same.

[0038] FIG. 1 shows the structure of an electrode assembly of an energy storage device according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0039] Referring to FIG. 1, the electrode assembly includes a first protective layer 10a which is a plastic layer, an electrode including a borophene layer 12 coated on a substrate which is microporous vulcanized cellulose or aluminum foil, another electrode having another borophene layer 12 and another substrate 11, and a second protective layer 10b.

[0040] The borophene layer 12 is formed on the substrate 11 by applying borophene particles onto the substrate 11 and spraying the ionic liquid onto the borophene particles.

[0041] Preferably, the electrode assembly of the energy storage device of the first embodiment is formed by rolling the above listed components in the above order.

[0042] FIG. 2A is a diagram showing a structure of an energy storage device according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0043] 2A, positive and negative connectors 30 and 40 are mounted on the top surface of aluminum housing 20. These positive and negative connectors may be threaded or perforated and may be cable or slide-in connectors.

[0044] Preferably, in the energy storage device of the first embodiment, a first plastic protective layer 10a covers the electrodes, including a substrate 11, e.g., microporous vulcanized cellulose, and a borophene layer 12, on the outer surface of the electrode assembly. The borophene layer is formed on the substrate 11 by coating borophene particles on the substrate 11 and spraying an ionic liquid, e.g., an aqueous phosphoric acid solution, onto the borophene particles.

[0045] The energy storage device of the first embodiment includes a substrate, an additional electrode including a borophene layer obtained by the same process as described above, and a second plastic protective layer adjacent thereto. If the device is cylindrical and needs to be manufactured with a smaller or larger diameter, the borophene layer may be removed or added depending on the desired size of the device. Similarly, the protective layer may be removed or added depending on the desired size of the device.

[0046] FIG. 2B shows the structure of an energy storage device according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0047] 2B, the second embodiment of the energy storage device of the present disclosure differs from the first embodiment only in that the negative and positive connectors are located at opposite ends. An electrode assembly including a plastic protective layer 10 and an electrode having a substrate 11 and a borophene layer 12 is contained in an inner portion 13 of an aluminum housing 20.

[0048] FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a structure of an energy storage device according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0049] Referring to FIG. 3, the third embodiment of the energy storage device includes a first plastic protective layer 10a, two electrodes 21 including borophene layers 12 on both the upper and lower surfaces of a substrate 11 formed by a process similar to that described above, a third plastic protective layer 10c between the two electrodes 21, which may also function as a separator or partition, and a second plastic protective layer 10b on the inner surface of the electrode assembly housed in an aluminum housing 20 having a cylindrical shape.

[0050] FIG. 4A is an explanatory diagram showing the structure of an energy storage device according to a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0051] 4A, the fourth embodiment of the energy storage device includes an aluminum housing 50 having a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and is provided with a positive connector 30 and a negative connector 40. The aluminum housing 50 is further provided with a gas vent 51 for ventilation.

[0052] FIG. 4B is an explanatory diagram showing the structure of an energy storage device according to a fifth embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0053] Referring to FIG. 4B, the fifth embodiment of the energy storage device includes a positive connector 30 and a negative connector 40 located at opposite ends and extending outward from an aluminum housing 50, and each of the electrodes 60 includes a borophene layer formed on a substrate, such as microporous vulcanized cellulose, with a plastic protective layer extending along the inside of the housing 50 in a direction from the positive connector to the negative connector.

[0054] FIG. 5 is a plan view illustrating a structure of an energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0055] Referring to FIG. 5, an energy storage module of an embodiment of the present disclosure includes 16 individual energy storage devices 70 connected in series, with the positive connection terminal 31 and the negative connection terminal 41 located at opposite ends of each other.

[0056] The individual energy storage devices 70 have a diameter of 3 / 4 inch, a length L of 2 1 / 4 inches, and a voltage of 2.7 V. This relatively small size module is capable of carrying a voltage of 43.2 V.

[0057] FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the structure of an energy storage pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0058] With reference to FIG. 6, an energy storage pack of an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a top cover 80 and a bottom plastic base 90 that houses a plurality of energy storage modules 100.

[0059] The top cover 80 may be manufactured using any material, such as, but not limited to, lightweight aluminum steel. The energy storage pack also includes electrical connectors 110 for connecting the energy storage modules 100. The energy storage modules may have different shapes and the configuration of the energy storage pack may be designed depending on the desired voltage or current. EXAMPLES

[0060] As described above in the third embodiment of the present disclosure, a cylindrical energy storage device with dimensions of 3 / 4 inch and length of 2 1 / 4 inch was fabricated. Two electrodes were fabricated by applying borophene particles with particle size of 0.001-2 μm to both the top and bottom surfaces of microporous vulcanized cellulose (GC Electronics, 560 fibroid fish paper) to form a borophene layer, spraying the borophene particles with an aqueous phosphoric acid solution to form a precoat layer, and then brushing the precoat layer to spread it on the surface of the microporous electrolyte membrane.

[0061] As shown in Figure 3, an electrode assembly is produced including a first plastic protective layer 10a which is a plastic film, a third plastic protective layer 10c which is the same plastic film as the first protective layer and which is prepared as described above and placed between two electrodes 21, and a second plastic protective layer 10b which is also the same plastic film as the first plastic film, and is housed in an aluminum housing 20 having a cylindrical shape.

[0062] The energy storage device fabricated as described above provides a high performance electrical voltage of 2.7V.

[0063] As described above, the methods of the present disclosure provide a substantially simplified manufacturing process and a high performance energy storage device that is 60% lighter than conventional batteries, has an unlimited shelf life, an expected life span of 70-80 years, a minimum rechargeable cycle count of 45,000-50,000 cycles, a charging time 60% faster than lithium ion batteries, and has a capacity 60% higher than lithium ion batteries.

[0064] Due to the unique properties mentioned above, the energy storage devices of the present disclosure can be used in a variety of applications such as defense drones, ships, boats, planes, trains, robots, laser applications, motorcycles, electric vehicles, power plants, and the like. [Explanation of symbols]

[0065] 10a: First protective layer 50: Housing (rectangular parallelepiped) 10b: Second protective layer 51: Gas vent 10c: Third protective layer 60: Electrode 70: Individual energy storage device 11: Substrate 80: Top cover of energy storage pack 12: borophene layer 90: lower base of energy storage pack 13: Inside of the housing 100: Energy storage device 20: Housing 110: Electrical connector 21: Electrode L: Length of individual energy storage device 30: Positive connector 31: Positive connection end 40: Negative connector 41: Negative connection end

Claims

1. 1. An energy storage device, comprising: The positive connector and The negative connector, an electrode assembly including one or more electrodes between a first protective layer and a second protective layer; a housing for receiving the electrode assembly; the electrode comprises a borophene layer and a substrate, the borophene layer comprises borophene particles and an ionic liquid; The positive connector and the negative connector are attached to an exterior surface of the housing.

2. 2. The energy storage device of claim 1, wherein the ionic liquid is an aqueous phosphoric acid solution.

3. 2. The energy storage device of claim 1, wherein the borophene particles have a particle size in the range of 0.001 to 2 μm.

4. 10. The energy storage device of claim 1, wherein the substrate is microporous vulcanized cellulose or aluminum foil.

5. 10. The energy storage device of claim 1, wherein each of the first and second protective layers is a plastic layer formed of a plastic material selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, and nylon.

6. 10. The energy storage device of claim 1 , wherein the electrode assembly includes two or more electrodes and a third protective layer between the two or more electrodes.

7. 10. The energy storage device of claim 1 , wherein the electrode comprises the borophene layer on both a top surface and a bottom surface of the substrate.

8. 10. The energy storage device of claim 1, wherein the battery housing is an aluminum housing.

9. 10. The energy storage device of claim 1 , wherein the battery housing includes one or more vents.

10. 1. A method of making an energy storage device, the method comprising: applying borophene particles to a surface of a substrate; Spraying an ionic liquid onto the borophene particles on the substrate to form a precoat layer; spreading the precoat layer to form a borophene layer, thereby forming one or more electrodes; laminating the one or more electrodes between a first protective layer and a second protective layer to form an electrode assembly; housing the electrode assembly in a housing; and attaching a positive connector and a negative connector to an exterior surface of the housing.

11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the ionic liquid is an aqueous solution of phosphoric acid.

12. The method of claim 10, wherein the borophene particles have a particle size in the range of 0.001 to 2 μm.

13. The method of claim 10, wherein the substrate is microporous vulcanized cellulose or aluminum foil.

14. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein each of the first and second protective layers is a plastic layer formed of a plastic material consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, or nylon.

15. The method of claim 10 , wherein the electrode assembly comprises two or more electrodes and a third protective layer between the two or more electrodes.

16. The method of claim 10 , wherein the borophene layer is formed on both the top and bottom surfaces of the substrate.

17. An energy storage module comprising a plurality of the energy storage devices according to claim 1.

18. 20. An energy storage pack comprising a plurality of the energy storage modules according to claim 17.

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