Method and apparatus for terminal performing measurements for positioning in wireless communication system

Abstract

In a wireless communication system according to various embodiments of the present invention, a method and an apparatus for a terminal performing measurements for positioning are disclosed, the method and the apparatus include a step of receiving configuration information related to position measurement from a network, a step of performing measurements for at least one measurement frequency based on the configuration information, and a step of reporting a measurement result for the at least one measurement frequency to the network, the terminal specifies a plurality of measurement frequencies for carrier phase positioning (CPP) based on the configuration information, and determines the at least one measurement frequency based on the plurality of measurement frequencies, and the measurement result includes phase information measured for the at least one measurement frequency.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for performing positioning for a terminal in a wireless communication system based on phase information measured by the terminal. [Background technology]

[0002] A wireless communication system is a multiple access system that supports communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmission power, etc.). Examples of multiple access systems include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, and multi carrier frequency division multiple access (MC-FDMA) systems.

[0003] As more communication devices require larger communication capacity, the need for improved mobile broadband communication compared to conventional radio access technology (RAT) is increasing. In addition, massive machine type communications (MTC), which connects multiple devices and objects and provides various services anytime and anywhere, is also one of the main issues considered in next-generation communications. In addition, the design of communication systems taking into account reliability and delay-sensitive services / terminals is being discussed. Thus, the introduction of next-generation wireless access technologies taking into account enhanced mobile broadband communication, massive MTC, Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communication (URLLC), etc. is being discussed, and for convenience in this invention, the technology is referred to as new RAT or NR. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for instructing a terminal on a plurality of measurement frequencies related to phase measurement from a network, setting an active downlink BWP based on the plurality of measurement frequencies, performing highly accurate and efficient phase measurement, and positioning the terminal based on the phase measurement.

[0005] The technical problems to be achieved by the present invention are not limited to the above technical problems, and other technical problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains from the following description. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] A method for a terminal performing measurements for positioning in a wireless communication system according to one aspect of the present invention includes a step of receiving configuration information regarding position measurement from a network, a step of performing measurements for at least one measurement frequency based on the configuration information, and a step of reporting measurement results for the at least one measurement frequency to the network, wherein the terminal identifies a plurality of measurement frequencies for CPP (Carrier Phase positioning) based on the configuration information and determines the at least one measurement frequency based on the plurality of measurement frequencies, and the measurement results include phase information measured for the at least one measurement frequency.

[0007] Alternatively, the plurality of measurement frequencies may be specified by a reference measurement frequency and a plurality of measurement frequency offsets that are specified based on the setting information.

[0008] Alternatively, the reference measurement frequency is determined based on an Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number (ARFCN) or a starting Physical Resource Block (PRB) of a PRS related to a Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) setting included in the setting information.

[0009] Alternatively, the reference measurement frequency is determined based on the frequency of a DC (Direct Current) carrier associated with a downlink signal or an uplink signal.

[0010] Alternatively, the reference measurement frequency may be determined based on an index of a resource element (RE) included in a positioning reference signal (PRS) configuration included in the configuration information.

[0011] Alternatively, the at least one measurement frequency may be determined based on at least one of the plurality of measurement frequencies, an active downlink BWP (Bandwidth Part) and a measurement gap configured in the terminal.

[0012] Alternatively, based on the identification of the plurality of measurement frequencies that are not included in the active downlink BWP, the at least one measurement frequency is determined to be a predefined measurement frequency that is not one of the plurality of measurement frequencies.

[0013] Alternatively, the predefined measurement frequency is a frequency that is an integer multiple of any one of the plurality of measurement frequencies within the active downlink BWP, or a frequency that is closest to the plurality of measurement frequencies within the active downlink BWP.

[0014] Alternatively, the predefined measurement frequency is the lowest frequency in the active downlink BWP, or the highest frequency in the active downlink BWP.

[0015] Alternatively, the at least one measurement frequency is determined differently depending on whether or not a measurement for the at least one measurement frequency is performed within the measurement gap.

[0016] According to another aspect of the present invention, a terminal that performs measurements for positioning in a wireless communication system includes an RF (Radio Frequency) transceiver and a processor connected to the RF transceiver, wherein the processor controls the RF transceiver to receive configuration information regarding position measurement from a network, perform measurements for at least one measurement frequency based on the configuration information, and report measurement results for the at least one measurement frequency to the network, wherein the at least one measurement frequency is determined based on a plurality of measurement frequencies for CPP (Carrier Phase positioning) identified based on the configuration information, and the measurement results include phase information measured for the at least one measurement frequency.

[0017] According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for a network to receive a report of measurement results for positioning from a terminal in a wireless communication system includes the steps of transmitting configuration information regarding positioning measurement, and receiving measurement results for at least one measurement frequency measured based on the configuration information, wherein the configuration information indicates a plurality of measurement frequencies for CPP (Carrier Phase positioning), and the measurement results include phase information measured for the at least one measurement frequency determined based on the plurality of measurement frequencies.

[0018] Alternatively, the network may set an active downlink BWP (Bandwidth Part) for the terminal so that the plurality of measurement frequencies are included.

[0019] According to another aspect of the present invention, a chipset for performing measurements for positioning of a terminal in a wireless communication system includes at least one processor and at least one memory operatively connected to the at least one processor and which, when executed, causes the at least one processor to perform operations, the operations including receiving configuration information regarding position measurement from a network, performing measurements for at least one measurement frequency based on the configuration information, and reporting measurement results for the at least one measurement frequency to the network, the at least one measurement frequency being determined based on a plurality of measurement frequencies for a CPP (Carrier Phase positioning) identified based on the configuration information, and the measurement results including phase information measured for the at least one measurement frequency.

[0020] A computer-readable storage medium including at least one computer program in a wireless communication system according to another aspect of the present invention includes at least one computer program causing at least one processor to perform operations related to measurements for positioning of a terminal, and a computer-readable storage medium having the at least one computer program stored thereon, the operations including receiving configuration information related to position measurement, performing measurements for at least one measurement frequency based on the configuration information, and reporting measurement results for the at least one measurement frequency, the at least one measurement frequency being determined based on a plurality of measurement frequencies for Carrier Phase positioning (CPP) identified based on the configuration information, and the measurement results including phase information measured for the at least one measurement frequency. Effect of the Invention

[0021] In various embodiments of the present invention, a terminal is instructed by the network of multiple measurement frequencies related to phase measurement, and the terminal selects a measurement frequency from the multiple measurement frequencies that is suitable for the channel conditions of the terminal, or receives an active downlink BWP setting based on the multiple measurement frequencies, thereby enabling phase measurement to be performed at measurement frequencies that are highly accurate and efficient for positioning the terminal.

[0022] The effects obtained from the various embodiments of the present invention are not limited to those mentioned above, and other effects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains from the following description. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0023] The drawings accompanying this specification are intended to provide an understanding of the invention, illustrate various embodiments of the invention, and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0024] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the structure of an LTE system.

[0025] [Diagram 2] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the structure of an NR system.

[0026] [Diagram 3] A diagram showing the structure of an NR radio frame.

[0027] [Figure 4] A diagram showing the slot structure of an NR frame.

[0028] [Diagram 5] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating physical channels that can be used in various embodiments and methods of transmitting signals using them.

[0029] [Figure 6]FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a positioning protocol configuration for determining the position of a terminal to which various embodiments are applicable.

[0030] [Figure 7] FIG. 1 shows an example of the architecture of a system for determining the position of a terminal to which the various embodiments can be applied.

[0031] [Figure 8] FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a procedure for determining the location of a terminal to which various embodiments can be applied.

[0032] [Figure 9] FIG. 2 illustrates an example of protocol layers for supporting LTE positioning protocol (LPP) message transmission to which various embodiments are applicable.

[0033] [Figure 10] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of protocol layers for supporting NR positioning protocol a (NRPPa) protocol data unit (PDU) transmission to which various embodiments are applicable.

[0034] [Figure 11] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of an observed time difference of arrival (OTDOA) positioning method to which various embodiments can be applied.

[0035] [Figure 12] 11 is a diagram for explaining a method in which a terminal performs phase measurement for positioning according to an example of the present invention. FIG.

[0036] [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining a method in which a network receives a report of measurement results for positioning from a terminal.

[0037] [Figure 14] 1 shows an example of a communication system to which the present invention is applied.

[0038] [Figure 15] 1 shows an example of a wireless device to which the present invention can be applied.

[0039] [Figure 16] Another example of a wireless device to which the present invention can be applied is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0040] Wireless communication systems are multiple-access systems supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power, etc.) Examples of multiple-access systems include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, and multi carrier frequency division multiple access (MC-FDMA) systems.

[0041] Sidelink is a communication method that sets up a direct link between terminals (User Equipment, UE) to directly transmit voice or data between terminals without going through a base station (BS). Sidelink is one solution to alleviate the burden on base stations due to the rapidly increasing data traffic.

[0042] V2X (vehicle-to-everything) refers to a communication technology that exchanges information with other vehicles, pedestrians, infrastructure, etc. through wired and wireless communication. V2X is divided into four types: V2V (vehicle-to-vehicle), V2I (vehicle-to-infrastructure), V2N (vehicle-to-network), and V2P (vehicle-to-pedestrian). V2X communication is provided by the PC5 interface and / or Uu interface.

[0043] As more communication devices require larger communication capacity, the need for improved mobile broadband communication compared to existing radio access technology is emerging. As a result, communication system design that takes into account reliability and latency sensitive services or terminals is being discussed. The next generation radio access technology that takes into account such improved mobile broadband communication, massive MTC, and URLLC (Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communication) is called new radio access technology (RAT) or new radio (NR). NR can also support vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication.

[0044] The following technologies can be used for various wireless access systems such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), etc. CDMA can be realized by radio technologies such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and CDMA2000. TDMA can be realized by radio technologies such as Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) / General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) / Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE). OFDMA can be realized by radio technologies such as IEEE802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE802-20, Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), etc. IEEE 802.16m is an evolution of IEEE 802.16e and provides backward compatibility with systems based on IEEE 802.16e. UTRA is part of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). 3GPP (registered trademark) 3rd Generation Partnership Project (LTE) long term evolution (LTE) is part of Evolved UMTS (E-UMTS) that uses E-UTRA and employs OFDMA on the downlink and SC-FDMA on the uplink. LTE-A (Advanced) is an evolution of 3GPP LTE.

[0045] 5G NR is the successor technology to LTE-A and is a new clean-slate type mobile communication system with characteristics such as high performance, low latency, and high availability. 5G NR can utilize all available spectrum resources, including low frequency bands below 1 GHz, intermediate frequency bands from 1 GHz to 10 GHz, and high frequency (millimeter wave) bands above 24 GHz.

[0046] For clarity of explanation, the following description will focus on LTE-A or 5G NR, but the technical ideas of the embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0047] 1 shows the structure of an LTE system applicable to the present invention, which is also called E-UTRAN (Evolved-UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access network) or LTE (Long Term Evolution) / LTE-A system.

[0048] 1, the E-UTRAN includes a base station 20 that provides a control plane and a user plane to a terminal 10. The terminal 10 may be fixed or mobile, and may also be referred to by terms such as mobile station (MS), user terminal (UT), subscriber station (SS), mobile terminal (MT), wireless device, etc. In general, the base station 20 is a fixed station that communicates with the terminal 10, and may also be referred to by terms such as evolved NodE-B (eNB), base transceiver system (BTS), access point, etc.

[0049] The base stations 20 are connected to each other via an X2 interface. The base stations 20 are connected to an evolved packet core (EPC, 30) via an S1 interface, more specifically to a mobility management entity (MME) via an S1-MME, and to a serving gateway (S-GW) via an S1-U.

[0050] EPC30 is composed of MME, S-GW and P-GW (Packet data network-gateway). MME has terminal connection information and terminal capability information, and such information is mainly used for terminal mobility management. S-GW is a gateway with E-UTRAN as an end point, and P-GW is a gateway with PDN (Packet Data network) as an end point.

[0051] The radio interface protocol layers between a terminal and a network are classified into Layer 1 (L1), Layer 2 (L2), and Layer 3 (L3) based on the bottom three layers of the Open System Interconnection (OSI) reference model known in communication systems. Among them, the physical layer belonging to Layer 1 provides information transmission services using physical channels, and the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer belonging to Layer 3 controls radio resources between a terminal and a network. To this end, the RRC layer exchanges RRC messages between a terminal and a base station.

[0052] Figure 2 shows the structure of an NR system.

[0053] Referring to FIG. 2, the NG-RAN includes a gNB and / or an eNB that provides user plane and control plane protocol termination to a terminal. FIG. 7 illustrates a case where only a gNB is included. The gNB and the eNB are connected to each other via an Xn interface. The gNB and the eNB are connected to a 5th generation core network (5G Core Network: 5GC) via an NG interface. More specifically, the gNB and the eNB are connected to an access and mobility management function (AMF) via an NG-C interface, and to a user plane function (UPF) via an NG-U interface.

[0054] Figure 3 shows the structure of an NR radio frame.

[0055] Referring to Figure 3, in NR, radio frames are used for uplink and downlink transmission. A radio frame has a length of 10 ms and is defined by two 5 ms half-frames (HF). A half-frame includes five 1 ms subframes (SF). A subframe is divided into one or more slots, and the number of slots in a subframe depends on the subcarrier spacing (SCS). Each slot includes 12 or 14 OFDM(A) symbols depending on the cyclic prefix (CP).

[0056] When the general CP is used, each slot includes 14 symbols. When the extended CP is used, each slot includes 12 symbols, where the symbols include OFDM symbols (or CP-OFDM symbols) and SC-FDMA symbols (or DFT-s-OFDM symbols).

[0057] Table 1 shows the number of symbols per slot (N slot symb ), the number of slots per frame (N frame,u slot ) and the number of slots per subframe (N subframe,u slot ) is shown below.

[0058] [Table 1]

[0059] Table 2 illustrates the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per frame, and the number of slots per subframe according to the SCS when the extended CP is used.

[0060] [Table 2]

[0061] In the NR system, OFDM neurology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.) may be different between multiple cells merged to one terminal. As a result, the (absolute time) interval of a time resource (e.g., subframe, slot, or TTI) (for convenience, collectively referred to as TU (Time Unit)) consisting of the same number of symbols is set to be different between the merged cells. In the NR, multiple neurology or SCS is supported to support various 5G services. For example, when the SCS is 15 kHz, a wide area in a traditional cellular band is supported, and when the SCS is 30 kHz / 60 kHz, dense-urban, lower latency, and wider carrier bandwidth are supported. When the SCS is 60 kHz or higher, a bandwidth larger than 24.25 GHz is supported to overcome phase noise.

[0062] The NR frequency band is defined by two types of frequency ranges. The two types of frequency ranges are FR1 and FR2. The values ​​of the frequency ranges can be changed, and for example, the two types of frequency ranges are as shown in Table 3 below. Among the frequency ranges used in the NR system, FR1 means "sub 6GHz range" and FR2 means "above 6GHz range", and are also called millimeter wave (mmW).

[0063] [Table 3]

[0064] As described above, the numerical value of the frequency range of the NR system can be changed. For example, FR1 includes a band from 410 MHz to 7125 MHz as shown in Table 4 below. That is, FR1 includes a frequency band of 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, etc.) or higher. For example, the frequency band of 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, etc.) or higher included in FR1 includes an unlicensed band. The unlicensed band is used for various purposes, for example, for communication for vehicles (e.g., autonomous driving).

[0065] [Table 4]

[0066] Figure 4 shows the slot structure of the NR frame.

[0067] 4, a slot includes a number of symbols in the time domain. For example, in the case of the general CP, one slot includes 14 symbols, whereas in the case of the extended CP, one slot includes 12 symbols. Alternatively, in the case of the general CP, one slot includes 7 symbols, whereas in the case of the extended CP, one slot includes 6 symbols.

[0068] A carrier includes multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. An RB (Resource Block) is defined as multiple (e.g., 12) consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. A BWP is defined as multiple consecutive (P)RBs (Physical (Resource Blocks)) in the frequency domain, and corresponds to one numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). A carrier includes up to N (e.g., 5) BWPs. Data communication is performed in the activated BWPs. Each element is called a Resource Element (RE) in the resource grid, and one complex symbol can be mapped to it.

[0069] Meanwhile, a wireless interface between terminals or between a terminal and a network is composed of an L1 layer, an L2 layer, and an L3 layer. In various embodiments of the present invention, the L1 layer refers to a physical layer. The L2 layer refers to, for example, any one of a MAC layer, an RLC layer, a PDCP layer, and an SDAP layer. The L3 layer refers to, for example, an RRC layer.

[0070] Bandwidth part (BWP)

[0071] In the NR system, up to 400 MHz is supported for each component carrier (CC). If a terminal operating in such a wideband CC always operates with the RF for the entire CC turned on, the battery consumption of the UE increases. Or, when considering multiple use cases (e.g., eMBB, URLLC, mMTC, V2X, etc.) operating in one wideband CC, different neurology (e.g., subcarrier spacing) is supported for each frequency band in the corresponding CC. Or, the capability for the maximum bandwidth may differ for each UE. In consideration of this situation, the base station instructs the UE to operate only in a part of the bandwidth that is not the entire bandwidth of the wideband CC, and the part of the bandwidth is defined as a bandwidth part (BWP) for convenience. The BWP is composed of resource blocks (RBs) that are continuous on the frequency axis and corresponds to one neurology (e.g., subcarrier spacing, CP length, slot / minislot period).

[0072] Meanwhile, the base station can set multiple BWPs even within one CC set to the UE. For example, a BWP occupying a relatively small frequency range is set in the PDCCH monitoring slot, and the PDSCH indicated by the PDCCH is scheduled on a larger BWP. In addition, when UEs are concentrated in a specific BWP, some UEs can be set to other BWPs for load balancing. In addition, taking into consideration frequency domain inter-cell interference cancellation between adjacent cells, some spectrum in the middle of the entire bandwidth can be excluded and both BWPs can be set in the same slot. That is, the base station can set at least one DL / UL BWP to a UE associated with a wideband CC and activate any of the DL / UL BWPs set at a specific time (by layer 1 signaling, MAC, RRC signaling, etc.). It can also instruct switching by other set DL / UL BWPs (by L1 signaling, MAC CE, RRC signaling, etc.). Also, the UE may perform switching operation with a specific DL / UL BWP when the timer expires based on the timer value. In this case, the activated DL / UL BWP is called an active DL / UL BWP. In the initial access process or before the RRC connection is set up, the UE may not receive the configuration for the DL / UL BWP from the base station, but the DL / UL BWP assumed for the UE is defined as the initial active DL / UL BWP.

[0073] FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating physical channels that may be used in various embodiments and the manner in which signals are transmitted using them.

[0074] Referring to FIG. 5, a terminal that is powered on in a power-off state or that has newly entered a cell performs an initial cell search operation such as establishing synchronization with a base station in step S11. To this end, the terminal receives a synchronization signal block (SSB) from the base station. The SSB includes a primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS) and a physical broadcast channel (PBCH). The terminal establishes synchronization with the base station based on the PSS / SSS and obtains information such as a cell identity (cell ID). The terminal also obtains broadcast information within the cell based on the PBCH. In addition, the terminal can receive a downlink reference signal (DL RS) in the initial cell search stage to check the state of the downlink channel.

[0075] After completing the initial cell search, the terminal receives a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) and a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) corresponding to the physical downlink control channel information to obtain more specific system information (S12).

[0076] Thereafter, the terminal performs a random access procedure to complete connection to the base station (S13 to S16). To this end, the terminal transmits a preamble on a physical random access channel (PRACH) (S13), and receives a random access test (RAR) for the preamble on a physical downlink control channel and a corresponding physical downlink shared channel (S14). The terminal transmits a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) using scheduling information in the RAR (S15), and performs a contention resolution procedure such as receiving a physical downlink control channel signal and a corresponding physical downlink shared channel signal (S16).

[0077] On the other hand, in addition to the above-mentioned four-step optional access process (4-step RACH, Type-1 optional access procedure), if the optional access process is performed in two steps (2-step RACH, Type-2 optional access procedure), S13 / S15 is performed in one operation in which the terminal transmits (e.g., a transmission operation of message A including a PRACH preamble and / or PUSCH), and S14 / S16 is performed in one operation in which the base station transmits (e.g., a transmission operation of message B including an RAR and / or collision resolution information).

[0078] After performing the above-mentioned procedure, the terminal then receives a physical downlink control channel signal and / or a physical downlink shared channel signal (S17) and transmits a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) signal and / or a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) signal (S18) as a general uplink / downlink signal transmission procedure.

[0079] The control information that a terminal transmits to a base station is collectively called uplink control information (UCI). UCI includes hybrid automatic repeat and reQuest acknowledgement / negative-ACK (HARQ-ACK / NACK), scheduling request (SR), channel quality indication (CQI), precoding matrix indication (PMI), and rank indication (RI).

[0080] Although UCI is generally transmitted periodically via PUCCH, it may be transmitted via PUSCH when control information and data are to be transmitted simultaneously. In addition, the terminal may transmit UCI aperiodically via PUSCH upon request / instruction of the network.

[0081] FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a positioning protocol configuration for determining the position of a terminal to which various embodiments are applicable.

[0082] 6, the LPP is used as a point-to-point between a location server (E-SMLC and / or SLP and / or LMF) and a target device (UE and / or SET) to position the target device using position-related measurements obtained from one or more reference sources. The LPP allows the target device and the location server to exchange measurement and / or location information based on signal A and / or signal B.

[0083] NRPPa is used for information exchange between reference sources (ACCESS NODE and / or BS and / or TP and / or NG-RAN nodes) and the location server.

[0084] The functions provided by the NRPPa protocol include:

[0085] - E-CID Location Information Transfer: This function exchanges location information between the reference source and the LMF for E-CID positioning.

[0086] - OTDOA Information Transfer: This function exchanges information between the reference source and the LMF for OTDOA positioning.

[0087] - Reporting of General Error Situations. This feature reports general error situations for which no feature-specific error message is defined.

[0088] PRS (positioning reference signal)

[0089] For positioning, a positioning reference signal (PRS) is used. The PRS is a reference signal used for estimating the position of the UE.

[0090] The positioning frequency layer includes one or more PRS resource sets, each of which includes one or more PRS resources.

[0091] Sequence generation

[0092] PRS sequence JPEG2025515348000006.jpg837 is defined by the following equation 1.

[0093]

number

[0094] c(i) is a pseudo-random sequence. The pseudo-random sequence generator can be initialized by the following formula (2):

[0095]

number

[0096] JPEG2025515348000009.jpg98 is the number of slots in a frame with SCS (subcarrier spacing) setting μ. DL PRS sequence ID JPEG2025515348000010.jpg1041 is given by a higher layer parameter (e.g., DL-PRS-SequenceId), and l may be the OFDM symbol in the slot to which the sequence is mapped.

[0097] Mapping to physical resources in a DL PRS Resource

[0098] PRS sequence JPEG2025515348000011.jpg912 is JPEG2025515348000012.jpg910 scaled, JPEG2025515348000013.jpg1015RE is used for mapping. More specifically, it is based on the following Equation 3. JPEG2025515348000014.jpg1015 denotes RE(k,l) for antenna port p and SCS setting μ.

[0099]

number

[0100] Here, the following conditions must be met:

[0101] -RE JPEG2025515348000016.jpg1015 is included in the RB occupied by the DL PRS resource configured for the UE;

[0102] - the symbol l is not used by any SS / PBCH block used by the serving cell for downlink PRS transmitted from the serving cell or indicated by the higher-layer parameter SSB-positionInBurst for downlink PRS transmitted from a non-serving cell;

[0103] - The slot number satisfies the PRS resource set related conditions described below;

[0104] JPEG2025515348000017.jpg811 is the first symbol of the DL PRS in the slot, given by the higher layer parameter DL-PRS-ResourceSymbolOffset. The size of the DL PRS resource in the time domain JPEG2025515348000018.jpg933 is given by the higher layer parameter DL-PRS-NumSymbols. Comb size JPEG2025515348000019.jpg1035 is given by the higher hierarchical parameter transmissionComb. JPEG2025515348000020.jpg910 and Combination of JPEG2025515348000021.jpg912 JPEG2025515348000022.jpg920 is one of {2,2}, {4,2}, {6,2}, {12,2}, {4,4}, {12,4}, {6,6}, {12,6} and / or {12,12}. RE offset JPEG2025515348000023.jpg1049 is given by combOffset. Frequency offset JPEG2025515348000024.jpg77 is as shown in Table 5. This is a function of JPEG2025515348000025.jpg1017.

[0105] [Table 5]

[0106] The reference point for k=0 is the location of point A in the positioning frequency layer where the DL PRS resource is configured. Point A is given by the higher layer parameter dl-PRS-PointA-r16.

[0107] Mapping to slots in a DL PRS Resource set

[0108] The DL PRS resources in the DL PRS resource set are transmitted in slots and frames that satisfy the following equation 4:

[0109]

number

[0110] JPEG2025515348000028.jpg916 is the number of slots per frame in SCS setting μ. JPEG2025515348000029.jpg86 is the SFN (system frame number). JPEG2025515348000030.jpg98 is the number of slots in a frame at SCS setting μ. Slot offset JPEG2025515348000031.jpg1048 is given by the higher layer parameter DL-PRS-ResourceSetSlotOffset. DL PRS resource slot offset JPEG2025515348000032.jpg1017 is given by the higher layer parameter DL-PRS-ResourceSlotOffset. JPEG2025515348000033.jpg9142 is given by the higher-level parameter DL-PRS-periodicity. Repetition factor JPEG2025515348000034.jpg944 is given by the higher-level parameter DL-PRS-ResourceRepetitionFactor. Muting repetition factor JPEG2025515348000035.jpg913 is given by the higher layer parameter DL-PRS-MutingBitRepetitionFactor. Time Gap JPEG2025515348000036.jpg941 is given by the upper layer parameter DL-PRS-ResourceTimeGap.

[0111] In an NR system to which various embodiments of the present invention can be applied, the PRS reception procedure of a terminal is based on Table 6 below.

[0112] [Table 6-1]

[0113] [Table 6-2]

[0114] [Table 6-3]

[0115] [Table 6-4]

[0116] UE Positioning Architecture

[0117] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a system architecture for determining the location of a terminal to which the various embodiments can be applied.

[0118] Referring to FIG. 7, the Core Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) may receive a request for a location service related to a specific target UE from another entity such as a Gateway Mobile Location Center (GMLC), or may decide to initiate a location service on behalf of the specific target UE. In this case, the AMF sends a location service request to a Location Management Function (LMF). The LMF that receives the location service request processes the location service request and returns a processing result including an estimated location of the UE to the AMF. On the other hand, if the location service request is received from another entity such as a GMLC other than the AMF, the AMF transfers the processing result received from the LMF to the other entity.

[0119] The ng-eNB (new generation evolved-NB) and gNB are network elements of NG-RAN that can provide measurement results for location tracking, measuring radio signals for target UEs and transmitting the results to the LMF. The ng-eNB can also control several TPs (Transmission Points) such as remote radio heads or PRS-specific TPs that support the PRS-based Beacon System for E-UTRA.

[0120] The LMF is connected to an Enhanced Serving Mobile Location Centre (E-SMLC), which allows the LMF to connect to the E-UTRAN. For example, the E-SMLC allows the LMF to support Observed Time Difference Of Arrival (OTDOA), which is one of the E-UTRAN positioning methods, using downlink measurements acquired by the target UE from signals transmitted from the eNB and / or PRS-dedicated TP in the E-UTRAN.

[0121] The LMF is connected to the SLP (SUPL Location Platform). The LMF supports and manages different location services for the target UE. The LMF interacts with the serving ng-eNB or serving gNB for the target UE to obtain the location measurement of the UE. For the location measurement of the target UE, the LMF determines a positioning method based on the LCS (Location Service) client type, the required Quality of Service (QoS), the UE positioning capabilities, the gNB positioning capabilities, and the ng-eNB positioning capabilities, and applies the positioning method to the serving gNB and / or the serving ng-eNB. The LMF also determines additional information such as a location estimate and accuracy of the location estimate and velocity for the target UE. The SLP is a SUPL (Secure User Plane Location) entity responsible for positioning by the user plane.

[0122] The UE measures the location of the UE using a downlink reference signal transmitted by the NG-RAN and E-UTRAN. The downlink reference signal transmitted from the NG-RAN and E-UTRAN to the UE includes an SS / PBCH block, a CSI-RS, and / or a PRS, and which downlink reference signal is used to measure the location of the UE is determined according to the settings of the LMF / E-SMLC / ng-eNB / E-UTRAN. The UE may also measure the location in a RAT-independent manner using different Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), Terrestrial Beacon System (TBS), WLAN connection points, Bluetooth beacons, and sensors (e.g., barometric pressure sensors) built into the UE. The UE may include an LCS application and may connect to the LCS application through communication with a network to which the UE is connected or through other applications included in the UE. The LCS application includes measurement and calculation capabilities required to determine the location of the UE. For example, the UE may include an independent positioning function such as a Global Positioning System (GPS) and may report the location of the UE independently of NG-RAN transmissions. Such independently obtained positioning information can also be used as auxiliary information for positioning information obtained from the network.

[0123] Operations for UE location measurement

[0124] FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of a procedure for measuring the location of a terminal to which various embodiments can be applied.

[0125] When the UE is in a Connection Management-IDLE (CM-IDLE) state, if the AMF receives a location service request, the AMF requests a network triggered service to set up a signaling connection with the UE and allocate a specific serving gNB or ng-eNB. This operation process is omitted in FIG 8. That is, it is assumed that the UE is in a connected mode in FIG 8. However, the signaling connection may be released by the NG-RAN during the positioning procedure due to signaling and data inactivity, etc.

[0126] A network operation process for UE location measurement will be described in detail with reference to Figure 8. In step 1a, a 5GC entity such as GMLC requests a location service to measure the location of a target UE from a serving AMF. However, even if GMLC does not request a location service, the serving AMF may determine that a location service is required to measure the location of the target UE in step 1b. For example, the serving AMF may determine to directly perform a location service to measure the UE location for an emergency call.

[0127] Then, the AMF sends a location service request to the LMF in step 2, and the LMF starts location procedures with the serving ng-eNB and serving gNB in ​​step 3a to obtain location measurement data or location measurement assistance data. For example, the LMF may request location-related information associated with one or more UEs from the NG-RAN and indicate the type of location information required and associated QoS. The NG-RAN then transmits the location-related information to the LMF in response to the request. In this case, if the location method according to the request is E-CID, the NG-RAN may transmit further location-related information to the LMF by one or more NRPPa messages. Here, "location-related information" refers to all values ​​used for location calculation, such as actual location estimation information and radio measurement or location measurement. The protocol used in step 3a is the NRPPa protocol, which will be described later.

[0128] Further, in step 3b, the LMF initiates location procedures for downlink positioning together with the UE. For example, the LMF may transmit location assistance data to the UE or obtain a location estimate or measurement value. For example, a capability transfer process may be performed in step 3b. Specifically, the LMF may request capability information from the UE, and the UE may transmit capability information to the LMF. In this case, the capability information may include information on a location measurement method that the LMF or the UE can support, information on various aspects of a specific location measurement method such as various types of assistance data for A-GNSS, and information on common features that are not limited to any one location measurement method such as the ability to handle multiple LPP transactions. In some cases, the UE may provide capability information to the LMF even if the LMF does not request capability information from the UE.

[0129] As another example, a location assistance data transfer process can be performed in step 3b. More specifically, the UE can request location assistance data from the LMF and indicate the specific location assistance data required to the LMF. The LMF can then transmit the corresponding location assistance data to the UE and further transmit additional assistance data to the UE through one or more additional LPP messages. Note that the location assistance data transmitted from the LMF to the UE is transmitted in a unicast manner, and in some cases, the LMF can transmit the location assistance data and / or additional assistance data to the UE without the UE requesting assistance data from the LMF.

[0130] As another example, a location information transfer process may be performed in step 3b. More specifically, the LMF may request location-related information related to the UE and indicate the type of required location information and related QoS. Then, the UE transmits the location-related information to the LMF in response to the request. In this case, the UE may further transmit additional location-related information to the LMF by one or more LPP messages. Here, the "location-related information" refers to all values ​​used for location calculation such as actual location estimation information and radio measurement or location measurement, and typically includes a Reference Signal Time Difference (RSTD) value measured by the UE based on downlink reference signals transmitted to the UE from multiple NG-RANs and / or E-UTRANs. Similarly, the UE may transmit location-related information to the LMF even without a request from the LMF.

[0131] Meanwhile, the process performed in step 3b may be performed independently or sequentially. Generally, step 3b is performed in the order of capability information exchange process, location assistance data exchange process, and location information exchange process, but is not limited thereto. In other words, step 3b is not related to a specific order in order to improve the flexibility of location measurement. For example, the UE may request location assistance data at any time to perform a location measurement request already requested by the LMF. In addition, the LMF may also request location information such as a location measurement value or a location estimate value at any time if the location information transmitted by the UE does not satisfy the QoS required. Similarly, if the UE does not perform measurement for location estimation, it may transmit capability information to the LMF at any time.

[0132] In step 3b, if an error occurs in the information or request exchanged between the LMF and the UE, an Error message is transmitted and received, and an Abort message to abort the position measurement may also be transmitted and received.

[0133] The protocol used in stage 3b may be the LPP protocol, which is described below.

[0134] Also, step 3b may be performed after step 3a, or may be performed instead of step 3a.

[0135] In step 4, the LMF provides a location service response to the AMF. The location service response also includes information on whether the UE's location estimation was successful and the UE's location estimate. Then, when the procedure of FIG. 11 is started by step 1a, the AMF can transmit the location service response to a 5GC entity such as the GMLC, and when the procedure of FIG. 11 is started by step 1b, the AMF can use the location service response to provide location services related to emergency calls, etc.

[0136] Protocol for position measurement

[0137] LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP)

[0138] 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of a protocol layer for supporting LTE positioning protocol (LPP) message transmission to which various embodiments are applicable. The LPP PDU is transmitted by a NAS PDU between the MAF and the UE.

[0139] Referring to FIG. 9, the LPP can be connected between a target device (e.g., a UE in the control plane or a SET (SUPL Enabled Terminal) in the user plane) and a location server (e.g., an LMF in the control plane or an SLP in the user plane). LPP messages are delivered in the form of transparent PDUs by intermediate network interfaces using appropriate protocols such as NGAP over the NG-C interface, NAS / RRC over the LTE-Uu and NR-Uu interfaces, etc. The LPP protocol enables positioning for NR and LTE using various positioning methods.

[0140] For example, the LPP protocol allows the target device and the location server to exchange capability information, assistance data for positioning, and / or location information between each other. The LPP message can also exchange error information and / or indicate an interruption of the LPP procedure.

[0141] NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa)

[0142] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of protocol layers for supporting NR positioning protocol a (NRPPa) protocol data unit (PDU) transmission to which various embodiments are applicable.

[0143] NRPPa is used for information exchange between NG-RAN nodes and LMF. Specifically, NRPPa can exchange E-CID for measurement, data for supporting OTDOA positioning method, Cell-ID and Cell location ID for NR Cell ID positioning method, etc. transmitted from ng-eNB to LMF. AMF can route NRPPa PDU based on the routing ID of associated LMF via NG-C interface even if it does not have information about associated NRPPa transaction.

[0144] The NRPPa protocol procedures for location and data collection can be divided into two types. The first type is a UE associated procedure for transmitting information about a specific UE (e.g., location measurement information, etc.), and the second type is a non UE associated procedure for transmitting information applicable to NG-RAN nodes and associated TPs (e.g., gNB / ng-eNG / TP timing information, etc.). These two types of procedures are supported individually or simultaneously.

[0145] Positioning Measurement Method

[0146] Positioning methods supported by NG-RAN include GNSS, OTDOA, E-CID (enhanced cell ID), barometric sensor positioning, WLAN positioning, Bluetooth positioning, TBS (terrestrial beacon system), UTDOA (Uplink Time Difference of Arrival), etc. The UE's location can be measured using any one of these positioning methods, but it can also be measured using two or more positioning methods.

[0147] OTDOA(Observed Time Difference Of Arrival)

[0148] FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of an observed time difference of arrival (OTDOA) positioning method to which various embodiments can be applied.

[0149] In the OTDOA positioning method, the UE uses the measured timing of downlink signals received from multiple TPs, including eNB, ng-eNB, and TPs dedicated to the PRS. The UE measures the timing of the received downlink signals using location assistance data received from a location server. Based on the measurement results and the geographic coordinates of the neighboring TPs, the UE's location can be determined.

[0150] A UE connected to a gNB can request a measurement gap for OTDOA measurement from the TP. If the UE cannot recognize the SFN for at least one TP in the OTDOA assistance data, the UE can use an autonomous gap to obtain the SFN of the OTDOA reference cell before requesting a measurement gap for measuring the Reference Signal Time Difference (RSTD).

[0151] Here, RSTD is defined based on the minimum relative time difference between the boundaries of two subframes received from the reference cell and the measurement cell, i.e., it can be calculated based on the relative time difference between the start time of the subframe of the reference cell that is closest to the start time of the subframe received from the measurement cell. Meanwhile, the reference cell is selected by the UE.

[0152] For accurate OTDOA measurement, it is necessary to measure the TOA (time of arrival) of signals received from three or more geographically distributed TPs or base stations. For example, the TOA for each of TP1, TP2, and TP3 is measured, and the RSTD for TP1-TP2, the RSTD for TP2-TP3, and the RSTD for TP3-TP1 are calculated based on the three TOAs, and a geometric hyperbola is determined based on the above, and the point where the hyperbola intersects can be estimated as the location of the UE. At this time, since there may be accuracy and / or uncertainty for each TOA measurement, the estimated UE location can also be reported as a specific range depending on the measurement uncertainty.

[0153] For example, the RSTD for two TPs can be calculated based on the following equation (5):

[0154]

number

[0155] where c is the speed of light and {x t , y t} are the (unknown) coordinates of the target UE, and {x i , y i} are the (known) coordinates of the TP, and {x 1 , y 1} are the coordinates of the reference TP (or other TP). i -T 1 ) is the transmission time offset between two TPs, called "Real Time Differences" (RTDs), and n i , n 1 denotes a value related to the UE TOA measurement error.

[0156] E-CID (Enhanced Cell ID)

[0157] In the Cell ID (CID) positioning method, the location of the UE can be determined by the geographic information of the serving ng-eNB, serving gNB, and / or serving cell of the UE. For example, the geographic information of the serving ng-eNB, serving gNB, and / or serving cell can be obtained by paging, registration, etc.

[0158] Meanwhile, the E-CID positioning method can use additional UE measurements and / or NG-RAN radio resources to improve UE location estimates in addition to the CID positioning method. Although the E-CID positioning method can use some of the same measurement methods as the measurement control system of the RRC protocol, generally no additional measurements are performed solely for UE location measurement. In other words, no separate measurement configuration or measurement control message is provided to measure the UE location, and the UE does not expect that additional measurement operations are required solely for location measurement, but reports measurements obtained by measurement methods that the UE can generally measure.

[0159] For example, the serving gNB implements an E-CID positioning method using E-UTRA measurement values ​​provided by the UE.

[0160] Measurement elements that can be used for E-CID positioning are, for example:

[0161] - UE measurement: E-UTRA RSRP (Reference Signal Received Power), E-UTRA RSRQ (Reference Signal Received Quality), UE E-UTRA reception-transmission time difference (Rx-Tx Time difference), GERAN / WLAN RSSI (Reference Signal Strength Indication), UTRAN CPICH (Common Pilot Channel) RSCP (Received Signal Code Power), UTRAN CPICH Ec / Io

[0162] - E-UTRAN measurements: ng-eNB Rx-Tx Time difference, Timing Advance (T ADV ), Angle of Arrival (AoA)

[0163] Here, T ADV can be classified into Type 1 and Type 2 as follows:

[0164] T ADV Type1 = (ng-eNB reception-transmission time difference) + (UE E-UTRA reception-transmission time difference)

[0165] T ADV Type2 = ng-eNB reception-transmission time difference

[0166] Meanwhile, AoA is used to measure the direction of the UE. AoA is defined as an estimated angle from the base station / TP to the UE's position in a counterclockwise direction. In this case, the geographical reference direction is north. The base station / TP uses uplink signals such as SRS (Sounding Reference Signal) and / or DMRS (Demodulation Reference Signal) to measure AoA. In addition, the larger the arrangement of the antenna array, the higher the accuracy of AoA measurement. If the antenna array is arranged at the same interval, the signals received by adjacent antenna elements have a certain phase change (Phase-Rotate).

[0167] CPM(carrier phase measurement)

[0168] CPM is one of the position estimation algorithms used in GPS / GNSS. Simply put, CPM is a method of estimating the distance between a transmitting end and a receiving end by measuring the phase of a received transmission signal, and locating the position based on the estimated distance. That is, the position of a user is measured by measuring the distance to each satellite based on signals received from multiple satellites. In this case, it is assumed that there is a Line of Sight (LoS) between the satellite and the user, and based on this assumption, the time difference between the transmitting and receiving ends can be replaced with the distance between the transmitting and receiving ends. Meanwhile, the satellite channel may have multi-path and delay due to the ionosphere, and the multi-path and delay due to the ionosphere can be removed by modeling.

[0169] The items discussed in relation to (3GPP) CPM in specific scenarios are as follows in Table 7.

[0170] [Table 7]

[0171] The above-mentioned CPM (Carrier phase measurement) can be set in comparison with a code phase measurement method. Although code phase measurement is generally used, in GPS / GNSS-related positioning, the actual phase of the carrier can be directly measured. Generally, the carrier phase directly measures the phase within the length of one period corresponding to the carrier frequency, and therefore can have higher accuracy than the code phase measurement. Meanwhile, CPM and code phase measurement may be performed based on similar or identical algorithms or methods.

[0172] CPM (carrier phase measurement) is a basic positioning principle in which a transmitting end transmits a predetermined signal at a predetermined time and a receiving end measures the exact reception time at the carrier phase level (i.e., within a carrier frequency period). In this case, the distance between the transmitting end and receiving end can be measured very accurately based on CPM. To use this method, the distance is usually converted to a phase, and a pseudo-range equation is derived from the conversion. As CPM positioning using the pseudo-range equation, positioning based on GNSS / GPS is performed using the following Equation 6.

[0173]

number

[0174] where p is the pseudo-range measurement, JPEG2025515348000044.jpg4169 is the true range, JPEG2025515348000045.jpg4116 is a satellite orbital error. JPEG2025515348000046.jpg3169 is the speed of light, JPEG2025515348000047.jpg4169 is the satellite clock offset from GPS time, JPEG2025515348000048.jpg4169 is the receiver clock offset from GPS time, JPEG2025515348000049.jpg5169 is ionospheric delay, JPEG2025515348000050.jpg5150 is Tropospheric delay, JPEG2025515348000051.jpg4169 is Multipath, JPEG2025515348000052.jpg4169 is the receiver noise.

[0175] These terms are taken into account in GPS / GNSS, and there may be a method to remove each term. Also, although not shown in Equation 6, the carrier phase information that the user can estimate is [0 2π], and another estimation method is required for distances outside this range. That is, when converting the actual distance between the user and the satellite into a phase, the receiving end needs to estimate the distance equivalent to an integer multiple of the period of that frequency according to another estimation method (integer ambiguity resolution).

[0176] Differencing

[0177] In addition, positioning using CPM based on GNSS / GPS also takes into consideration the following. Specifically, cycle slips may occur at the receiving end, and therefore reporting or correction for cycle slips is necessary. Here, a cycle slip occurs when the receiving end is unable to track more than a certain threshold (e.g., a half-cycle). When such a cycle slip occurs, the measurement of the corresponding epoch from the transmitting end may not be valid. After a cycle slip, the measurement can be reused, but the unknown integer ambiguity needs to be re-estimated.

[0178] In addition, the problem of dilution of position also occurs. Dilution of position means that even if positioning is performed based on the same SNR from the same number of transmitting and receiving ends, the accuracy of positioning varies depending on the positions of the transmitting and receiving ends (or the distance between the transmitting and receiving ends), and is also defined as GDOP (Geometric dilution of precision). For example, when a receiving end receives signals from N transmitting ends and determines its position, the accuracy of the receiving end's position determination is inferior when the positions of the N transmitting ends are similar to each other compared to when the N transmitting ends are uniformly distributed.

[0179] Integer ambiguity resolution

[0180] First, the following can be considered as a solution to the integer ambiguity resolution (see Hong Kyu, LEE (2014), "An Instantaneous Integer Ambiguity Resolution for GPS Real-Time Structure Monitoring", Journal of Korean Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 34, No. 1, pp. 342 - 353 (in Korean)).

[0181] In dynamic positioning using GPS carrier waves, centimeter-level accuracy can be achieved by accurately resolving the unknown integers or integer ambiguities contained in the observation data. For this purpose, ambiguity resolution is required, which is a mathematical procedure for converting ambiguous range data with uncertainty into accurate distances with millimeter-level accuracy. In GPS dynamic positioning, integer constrained least-squares is generally applied (Teunnissen, 1994; Han et al., 1997; Verhagen, 2004).

[0182] However, when the receiver is moving, the observation data available for the mathematical model is limited compared to when the receiver is not moving, so the estimation accuracy is low and correlation is large, making it difficult to quickly and accurately determine the unknown integers (Teunnissen, 1993; Lee et al., 2005). Therefore, in dynamic GPS positioning, it is common to use the On-The-Fly (OTF) technique, which extracts and accumulates only the unknown integers of the normal equation. In this case, the time required for initialization of the unknown integers ranges from several seconds to several minutes depending on the satellite geometric structure and the remaining error (Hofmann-Wellenhof et al., 2001). This technique uses a predetermined unknown integer as long as there is no signal cycle slip phenomenon after initialization, so the computational burden of the process is low, but if initialization is required, high-precision positioning cannot be performed during that period. In addition, the unknown integers must be recalculated when the satellite geometric structure changes, and continuous monitoring of signal cycle slip is required, which inevitably makes the algorithm complicated.

[0183] As a result, in the mid-1990s, with the emergence of dual-frequency receivers capable of observing precise pseudo-range, instantaneous ambiguity resolution was developed for baseline lengths of within or outside 10 km (Han et al., 1996). This is a technique in which the GPS receiver determines the ambiguity independently for each epoch every time it acquires the carrier wave and the highly precise pseudo-range. Therefore, it does not require additional algorithms required for checking signal outages and satellite geometric structures, and is suitable for GPS structural monitoring positioning environments where such phenomena occur frequently due to the structures themselves and vehicle traffic. Nevertheless, the performance of instantaneous ambiguity resolution is greatly affected by the satellite geometric structures and remaining errors, and its performance decreases especially when there are five or fewer observation satellites or when the effect of multipath is large (Lee et al., 2004).

[0184] There are many different algorithms for such integer ambiguity resolution. Among them, the one that is widely known and has good performance is LABMDA (Least Squares Ambiguity Decorrelation Adjustment). To use the LAMBDA method, it is necessary to separate the float estimate of the position, i.e., the positioning in a period, from the unknown integer. Since the unknown integer is an integer instead of a floating point, the obtained float solution is not an exact solution and can be further subdivided. The ellipsoid formed by the covariance of the unknown integers is extremely elongated in one direction, and searching this space is inefficient. Therefore, the LAMBDA method is a method of converting the conventional extremely elongated ellipsoid into a system close to a circle, and is therefore a more efficient method for searching for a solution to the unknown integers than conventional methods.

[0185] Another method of integer ambiguity determination is to use the code and carrier phase measurements at each epoch. The drawback of this method is that a time slew is required to obtain the correlation between the code and carrier phase measurements, for which GPS outputs 1Hz from Novatel SuperStar II. The summary for this is that only the measurement for a single epoch and the covariance of the integer ambiguity of the previous epoch are used. The reason for using the covariance of the integer ambiguity of the previous epoch is that the integer ambiguity is constant over two epochs when the receiver is phase locked to the carrier phase. There are many different algorithms to estimate the integer ambiguity, including those based on the extended Kalman filter.

[0186] Carrier Phase Measurement in NR

[0187] The above-mentioned CPM in GPS / GNSS can be performed based on a single carrier. In particular, the CPM estimates a phase based on transmitting and receiving a sinusoidal signal that is not in the code domain. This CPM between a satellite and a user in GPS / GNSS is introduced to a gNB (or TRP) and a UE in NR. On the other hand, there are the following differences when it is introduced in NR. Unless a sinusoidal signal is redefined as a reference signal, OFDM-based CPM needs to be performed. That is, the OFDM-based CPM is different from the GPS / GNSS-based CPM in that it is performed for a relatively wideband signal.

[0188] First, the current reference signal for NR positioning has a PRS (positioning reference signal), and when a sinusoidal signal is redefined based on the PRS, the sinusoidal signal has the characteristics of PRS configuration. That is, the BW for the sinusoidal signal is freely set. Also, the probability that a line of sight (LoS) path exists between a base station (or TRP) and a user is lower than the probability that a LoS path exists between a satellite and a user. In other words, since the effect of multipath between a base station (or TRP) and a user cannot be ignored, CPM in NR needs to further consider the effect of multipath between a base station (or TRP) and a user. In CPM in NR, NLOS elimination or LOS path estimation is treated more importantly from the aspect of algorithm. Also, in the case of NR, the carrier frequency is usually higher, the BW is larger, and there is a requirement for delay, etc., compared to GPS, so in CPM in NR, it is necessary to further reduce the time it takes to resolve unknown integers.

[0189] A solution is needed to solve the problem of user positioning based on CPM using PRS in NR. Here, since PRS is a reference signal having a bandwidth, it is necessary for a higher layer and a terminal to have a common understanding of which frequency of a given PRS is used as a reference for phase measurement. Meanwhile, positioning methods (OTDOA, AOA, AOD, etc.) considered in conventional NR do not need to indicate or express a specific frequency resource, but CPM-based positioning using PRS may require an additional operation of indicating or reporting a specific frequency.

[0190] Hereinafter, a frequency resource for estimating and reporting the carrier phase between the UE and the server will be configured, and a detailed description will be given of an indication and signaling method for the carrier phase measurement based on the frequency resource configuration.

[0191] CPM positioning method using PRS

[0192] In CPM-based positioning, a definition is required for the expression method of the distance measured based on the carrier phase. For example, when a frequency for deriving a distance from a phase or phase information is preset, the UE reports (to the base station) phase information measured for the frequency without reporting information about the frequency, or a pseudo-range equation, which is a formula for calculating a distance corresponding to a period of the carrier frequency and a measured phase, is reported or signaled. However, when a frequency for deriving a distance based on phase information is not preset, the UE must always report or indicate information about the frequency (RE) at which the phase was measured together with signaling for measurement reporting and differencing, etc.

[0193] Therefore, in item "1", a method for expressing a measurement frequency for CPM is described in detail, and in item "2", a method for indicating a measurement frequency for CPM is described in detail. In other words, in item 1, a method for expressing a measurement frequency for CPM for calculating a distance between a gNB and a user or a distance between users is described, and in item 2, a method for indicating (instructing and / or reporting) a measurement frequency that is a reference for calculating a distance between a gNB and a user or a distance between users is described.

[0194] 1. How to express measurement frequency for CPM

[0195] Before describing the measurement frequency for calculating the distance between the gNB and the user, a method of expressing such a measurement frequency should be discussed first. The measurement frequency is generally expressed by combining a specific reference frequency with an offset therefor. For example, when expressing a measurement frequency f1, f1 may be directly indicated, but the measurement frequency is generally expressed by a value corresponding to the f_offset based on the relationship f1=fo+f_offset (where fo is the reference frequency and f_offset is the difference value from the reference frequency). Therefore, it is necessary to define in advance a method of expressing a reference measurement frequency (f0) related to the measurement frequency f1 and a method of expressing the frequency offset (f_offset).

[0196] For convenience of explanation, the frequency, reference frequency, and frequency offset for the CPM will be defined as a measurement frequency, a reference measurement frequency, and a measurement frequency offset.

[0197] (1) Expression of standard measurement frequency

[0198] Here, the reference measurement frequency refers to a reference or reference frequency agreed or predefined between a gNB (or a location server) and a UE to express a measurement frequency when performing positioning using CPM. In other words, when the measurement frequency f1 is expressed using the relationship of f1=fo+f_offset, the reference measurement frequency is fo excluding f_offset. In addition, the reference measurement frequency can be at least one of the following options:

[0199] - Option 1: Reusing the conventional resource reference frequency to indicate

[0200] The reference measurement frequency for positioning (or carrier phase measurement) based on CPM reuses the resource reference frequency (a reference instructed to instruct a UE on a frequency resource, or a reference frequency related to the operation of the UE (or gNB)) used for common understanding between the UE and the gNB (or location server). Such a conventional resource reference frequency is defined by the instruction of the gNB (or location server) or the report of the UE. In this way, the reference measurement frequency is also defined by the instruction of the gNB or the report of the UE, and the reference measurement frequency can be common in CPM in DL and CPM in UL to reduce the signaling load. Alternatively, for flexible configuration, the reference measurement frequency serving as the reference for CPM in UL is reported by the UE, and the reference measurement frequency serving as the reference for CPM in DL is a value instructed by the gNB (or location server).

[0201] For example, the reference measurement frequency indicated by the gNB (or the location server) corresponds to point A used as a conventional resource reference frequency. That is, the reference measurement frequency for CPM is a value set in the frequency layer when the PRS is configured. In this case, the reference measurement frequency is defined to a value corresponding to point A included in DL-PRS assistance data, which is a resource reference frequency specified by the location server for DL-PRS processing (see Table 8 below). Here, point A is defined based on the ARFCN value, or similarly, the PRB (PRB index) indicated in dl-PRS-StartPRB-r16 in the corresponding IE, as shown in Table 8.

[0202] [Table 8]

[0203] Alternatively, the reference measurement frequency for CPM instructed / set by the gNB (or the location server) corresponds to the DC subcarrier of DL or UL, which is the resource reference frequency conventionally instructed (see Table 9, 4.4.2 of 3GPP TS 38.211).

[0204] [Table 9]

[0205] That is, the reference measurement frequency for at least one of DL and UL CPM corresponds to the frequency position of the DC (Direct Current) subcarrier defined by txDirectCurrentLocation of SCS-SpecificCarrier instructed to the UE by the gNB in ​​a higher layer, or the frequency position of the DC subcarrier of PRS corresponding to the frequency position of the DC (Direct Current) subcarrier. Also (or differently), the reference measurement frequency for at least one of DL and UL CPM corresponds to the frequency position of the DC subcarrier defined by txDirectCurrentLocation of UplinkTxDirectCurrentBWP instructed to the UE by the gNB in ​​a higher layer, or the corresponding DC subcarrier position of SRS.

[0206] Alternatively, the reference frequency reported by the UE, which is a reference measurement frequency for at least one of the DL and UL CPMs, corresponds to the position of the DC subcarrier at the terminal TX end. Similar to the above-mentioned txDirectCurrentLocation, when the position of the DC subcarrier at the terminal Tx end is reported, the reference measurement frequency for at least one of the DL and UL CPMs corresponds to the reported position of the DC subcarrier.

[0207] - Option 2: Position of the measurement frequency by setting

[0208] In the above-mentioned option 1, the reference measurement frequency is explicitly indicated or reported, whereas in option 2, the reference measurement frequency is considered to be indicated by pre-definition / agreement without being configured by report and indication. For example, the reference measurement frequency may be pre-agreed / promised to be a frequency corresponding to a specific RB or RE within a bandwidth (BW) in which a reference signal (e.g., PRS, SRS) indicated for positioning is indicated. For example, the PRS is indicated for a frequency layer in NR-DL-PRS-PositioningFrequencyLayer-r16 at the time of configuration. In this case, parameters indicated by the configuration information for the PRS include SCS (subcarrier spacing), resource bandwidth, start PRB, point A, CombSize, Cyclic prefix, etc., among which a frequency depending on the SCS and / or resource bandwidth is the reference measurement frequency for CPM. For example, the reference measurement frequency may be pre-agreed upon to be based on the RE at the center of the resource bandwidth, or may correspond to the frequency of the RE with the highest index or the frequency of the RE with the lowest index among the RE indices associated with the resource bandwidth.

[0209] In the following, a method for expressing the measured frequency offset, which is the frequency offset related to the measured frequency, will be described in detail.

[0210] (2) Expression of frequency equivalent to the measured frequency offset

[0211] Here, the measurement frequency offset means a measurement frequency offset for expressing a measurement frequency understood or shared by a gNB (or a location server) and a UE when performing positioning based on CPM. In other words, when the measurement frequency f1 is expressed using the relationship of f1=fo+f_offset, f_offset corresponds to the measurement frequency offset. At least one of the following options can be considered as a method for a gNB (or a location server) or a UE to indicate / report a measurement frequency offset related to the above-mentioned reference measurement frequency. On the other hand, if a frequency offset is not indicated / configured, the above-mentioned reference measurement frequency is considered to be set / instructed as a measurement frequency for the CPM. That is, it is expected that a gNB (or a location server) indicates a measurement frequency offset (and / or a reference measurement frequency) to a UE, but if there is no indication / configuration for the measurement frequency offset, the UE can understand / consider the reference measurement frequency as a measurement frequency for the CPM. Alternatively, if the UE is expected to report the reference measurement frequency and measurement frequency offset to a gNB (or a location server), but the gNB (or location server) is unable to receive a report of the measurement frequency offset, the gNB (or location server) may assume / understand that the reported reference measurement frequency has been reported as the measurement frequency for the CPM.

[0212] - Option 1: Traditional frequency domain grid based instructions

[0213] A frequency domain grid used in the conventional frequency domain can be reused to express / indicate the measurement frequency offset. For example, the measurement frequency offset is indicated / set / reported based on a frequency offset used in a synchronization raster (i.e., ARFCN (Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number) or GSCN (Global Synchronization Channel Number)). That is, when the measurement frequency (f1) is indicated by the gNB (or the location server) according to the above-mentioned method (or pre-arrangement), the measurement frequency offset (and / or the measurement frequency) is indicated in the form of N bits based on the ARFCN (or GSCN). That is, the measurement frequency offset can be indicated / set by reusing the conventional frequency offset expression method previously agreed upon at 100 kHz intervals or 15 kHz intervals for each band. For example, the measurement frequency offset is expressed as an N-bit frequency offset, M-bit unit. Alternatively, since the transmission / reception channel or signal of the UE is always indicated together with a subcarrier spacing (SCS), the measurement frequency offset is used with the indicated SCS as a unit or base unit, i.e., the measurement frequency offset is indicated with RB or RE (associated with the signal / channel) as a reference or base unit.

[0214] - Option 2: Direct indication of actual frequency offset

[0215] Even if the phase measured based on CPM is the same, the distance corresponding to the measured phase may differ depending on the frequency at which the phase is measured. Therefore, the measurement frequency offset for expressing the measurement frequency needs to be specified / indicated quite accurately. That is, the reference measurement frequency and / or the measurement frequency offset for indicating / expressing the measurement frequency needs to be expressed quite precisely. For this purpose, the measurement frequency offset can be directly specified / set in Hz (or kHz). Alternatively, the frequency at which CPM should or is actually performed, except for the reference measurement frequency, is specified in Hz (or kHz). In other words, the above-mentioned method of indicating / setting the reference measurement frequency is used as it is, but the measurement frequency offset can be indicated in Hz or kHz.

[0216] Meanwhile, unlike the above-mentioned instruction / setting of the measurement frequency, the measurement frequency may be specified for each frequency interval by a pre-promise / agreement. In this way, when based on a measurement frequency determined by a pre-promise or agreement, the gNB (or location server) / UE can assume / understand that CPM is performed based on a pre-defined measurement frequency for a specific frequency interval even without an instruction / report. Alternatively, in consideration of the case where an instruction / report for the measurement frequency is not performed (different from expecting the gNB / UE to instruct / report by the method described in item "2"), a measurement frequency for performing CPM is specified for each frequency interval by a pre-promise or agreement, and the UE and / or gNB can perform the CPM or expect the CPM to be performed based on the pre-promised / promised measurement frequency. In other words, if there is no explicit / implicit instruction / report for the measurement frequency, the UE performs and reports the measurement for the CPM based on a pre-specified default measurement frequency.

[0217] Below, based on the above-mentioned measurement frequency expression method, a method in which the gNB configures / instructs the UE on the measurement frequency for CPM (and / or a method in which the UE reports the measurement frequency for CPM) to the gNB will be described in detail.

[0218] 2. Setting / instructing / reporting measurement frequency

[0219] The method of indicating / setting / reporting the measurement frequency for the above-mentioned CPM can be divided into the following two scenarios: Scenario 1 is a method in which the gNB indicates / sets the measurement frequency, and Scenario 2 is a method in which the UE reports the measurement frequency.

[0220] The measurement frequency (frequency for CPM) reported / instructed by the method described below can be reported / instructed together with the start of measurement for CPM (or before measurement). In this case, the gNB (or location server) and the UE can determine that the frequency is valid for the time when location estimation using CPM is performed. Here, the time when location estimation based on the indicated / reported measurement frequency is valid means all time periods in which measurement of carrier phase for CPM and measurement reporting are repeatedly performed on the frequency according to the setting of PRS (or SRS, etc.) set for the purpose of CPM (or for all reference signals corresponding to the same frequency layer). Alternatively, it can be simply determined that the indicated / set measurement frequency is valid for the measurement based on the CPM until a new measurement frequency is reported / instructed / set (after the measurement frequency is reported / instructed / set).

[0221] Alternatively, the gNB (or the location server) may set a valid time window for the reported / instructed / set measurement frequency, such as in the manner described below. The valid time window is a time interval from when the measurement frequency is reported / instructed / set to a report on the measurement frequency. However, the valid time window is set by taking into consideration (bounding) factors such as changes in channel characteristics and UE mobility (or factors of the UE's capabilities, such as a time interval that ensures continuity of UE measurement). A single measurement frequency is used for the valid time window, and after the valid time window expires, a new measurement frequency is instructed to the UE or reported by the UE. On the other hand, the PRS configuration related to the execution of the CPM can also be configured for PRS resources and / or PRS resource sets outside the valid time window configured for the CPM. In this case, the UE performs positioning based on CPM for PRS resources / PRS resource sets within the valid time window, but can perform measurement / reporting based on other positioning techniques (e.g., based on OTDOA, AOA, AOD) for PRS resources / PRS resource sets outside the valid time window.

[0222] Alternatively, for the clarity of the measurement operation of the UE, the UE may further specify / set a measurement gap related to the measurement frequency. That is, if the reception time of a signal in an active DL BWP overlaps with the measurement time of the carrier phase, another measurement gap needs to be set for the clarity of the measurement operation of the UE. For example, if the reception time and the measurement time overlap and the center frequency and / or SCS are different between the reception of a signal in an active DL BWP and the measurement of the CPM, the measurement gap needs to be further set (e.g., for a center frequency and / or SCS change). Thus, if the center frequency corresponding to an active DL BWP (or receiving an active DL BWP) and the measurement frequency indicated / specified for the measurement of the carrier phase are different, or if the SCS of the PRS for the measurement of an active DL BWP and the PRS for the carrier phase measurement are different, the UE expects the measurement gap to be set in relation to the PRS for the carrier phase measurement, or the measurement gap is set.

[0223] On the other hand, even if the signal reception time in an active DL BWP overlaps with the carrier phase measurement time, if the center frequency and SCS are the same between the signal reception in an active DL BWP and the CPM measurement, the UE can ensure the clarity of the measurement operation even without setting the measurement gap.

[0224] The measurement frequency can be determined by the method described below. In this case, it may be impossible to distinguish between different frequency layers by the conventional reporting technique. To overcome this, when the UE performs a measurement report for CPM, it can report CPM by distinguishing it from other positioning techniques by indicating the measurement frequency for CPM in addition to RSRP, LOS indicator, etc. Alternatively, it can report to the gNB (or location server) that the measurement report is a measurement according to CPM by using a separate indicator.

[0225] (1) Scenario 1

[0226] The gNB (or the location server) may specify / instruct / configure a single-value measurement frequency / multiple-value measurement frequencies to the UE for the purpose of CPM. In this regard, the following option 1 and / or option 2 may be considered.

[0227] - Option 1: Single measurement frequency indication for CPM

[0228] When the gNB (or location server) instructs / configures a single-valued measurement frequency to the UE for the purpose of CPM, the gNB (or location server) may also instruct / configure a reference signal configuration together with the instruction / setting of the measurement frequency. In the case of CPM for downlink in NR, since the CPM is performed based on the PRS, the reference signal configuration and / or the (single or single) measurement frequency is specified / configured in a frequency layer for the PRS. Since the PRS resource set of the current frequency layer and the PRS resources corresponding to each PRS resource set all have the same bandwidth (BW), point A and / or SCS, the gNB (or location server) may specify / configure a (single or single) measurement frequency (and / or the reference signal configuration) in a frequency layer (or a PRS resource set or PRS resource) by the method described in item "1" (e.g., a frequency offset from point A, a specific point of a configured BW, etc.). In this manner, if a UE group is configured with a PRS in the same frequency layer, the UE group will have a common measurement frequency for CPM, which may be advantageous in future signaling for differencing, etc.

[0229] Alternatively, the single or single measurement frequency can be specified in "Assistance data transfer" in the procedure for NR positioning. For example, the gNB (or the location server) transmits "Assistance data transfer" for the purpose of instructing a UE capable of performing CPM to configure for CPM. In this case, the gNB (or the location server) can explicitly specify / instruct the UE to specify / instruct the reference measurement frequency and measurement frequency offset for CPM by "Assistance data transfer" (for example, by the method described in item "1"), separately from the PRS configuration.

[0230] - Option 2: Specify multiple measurement frequencies for CPM

[0231] The indication of a single frequency for CPM according to the above-mentioned option 1 is efficient from the viewpoint of signaling, but from the viewpoint of the UE, there is a restriction that the phase must always be measured only for the specified measurement frequency. Such a restriction may not be suitable depending on the capability or channel environment of the UE. Therefore, the gNB (or the location server) indicates / configures multiple measurement frequencies to the UE, and the UE can select one of the multiple measurement frequencies based on the capability or channel environment of the UE and perform CPM for the selected measurement frequency. In this case, as described in option 1, the configuration of the reference signal related to CPM for the multiple measurement frequencies can also be indicated. Alternatively, the gNB (or the location server) can indicate / specify a reference measurement frequency and / or a measurement frequency offset for multiple measurement frequencies other than the PRS configuration by transmitting an "assistance data transfer" to a UE capable of performing CPM in order to indicate another configuration for CPM.

[0232] Alternatively, the gNB (or location server) may implicitly indicate the multiple measurement frequencies by indicating only one measurement frequency. For example, the gNB (or location server) indicates one measurement frequency to the UE, and the UE considers that measurement frequencies that are integer multiples of the indicated one measurement frequency are also implicitly indicated as multiple measurement frequencies for the CPM.

[0233] As described above, when the gNB (or location server) assigns multiple measurement frequencies to the UE, the UE can report explicitly or implicitly for one of the multiple measurement frequencies. In this case, it is necessary to specify the time when the UE reports for the measurement frequency for which such CPM is performed. For example, when the UE reports a measurement result or a result derived by the measurement for a DL reference signal (e.g., PRS) for positioning, the UE also reports the (at least one) measurement frequency selected by the UE. In this case, the validity period specified in relation to the UE's report may be defined separately. That is, the reporting of the measurement result or the result derived by the measurement for one measurement frequency among the multiple measurement frequencies set by the gNB (or location server) is valid until the UE reports the measurement result or the result derived by the measurement for one of the multiple measurement frequencies set by the gNB (or location server) together thereafter. In other words, the gNB can determine that the multiple measurement frequencies are valid until the UE reports the CPM result and at least one measurement frequency on which the CPM is performed (i.e., the aforementioned validity period is from when the multiple measurement frequencies are configured until the UE reports the measurement result and the measurement frequency). Meanwhile, the multiple measurement frequencies are applied for performing CPM for downlink or for performing CPM for uplink.

[0234] The single / multiple measurement frequencies for CPM described in Option 1 and Option 2 are in a mapping relationship in the frequency layer, but may have a mapping relationship for each TRP (or a smaller unit). For example, a single / multiple measurement frequencies for CPM are mapped to each PRS resource, or a single / multiple measurement frequencies for CPM are mapped to each PRS resource set.

[0235] (2) Scenario 2: Frequency reporting by UE for CPM

[0236] When the UE reports measurement results for CPM without configuration of measurement frequencies related to CPM from the gNB (or location server), the UE can provide information regarding the measurement frequencies to the gNB based on the method described below.

[0237] Specifically, in a capability report step of reporting the UE's positioning capability to the gNB (or location server), the UE can indicate / report a measurement frequency for each specific frequency to the gNB (or location server). The method of expressing the reference point and frequency offset for indicating / reporting the measurement frequency for each specific frequency is based on the method described in section "1". Here, the measurement frequency for each specific frequency is one measurement frequency for each BWP for UE positioning, or one measurement frequency per resource unit in a predefined / agreed frequency domain. Alternatively, in an "assistance data transfer (by UE)" step in which the UE transfers additional information to the gNB (or location server), the UE can indicate / report a measurement frequency for each specific frequency to the gNB (or location server). Alternatively, in the step of the UE reporting to the gNB (or the location server) the measurement result for the carrier phase or a value calculated based on the measurement result, the UE may instruct / report the measurement frequency for each specific frequency to the gNB (or the location server).

[0238] Hereinafter, a detailed description will be given of a specific method for the UE to select / report a measurement frequency for CPM based on the above-mentioned measurement frequency expression method, measurement frequency indication / setting method, etc. Meanwhile, the description will be given on the assumption that the UE is indicated / configured for a plurality of measurement frequencies as described above and selects a measurement frequency for CPM from the plurality of measurement frequencies.

[0239] The UE may select a measurement frequency for CPM from among the plurality of measurement frequencies in consideration of at least one of a configured active downlink BWP, a measurement gap, etc. Here, a measurement gap (MG) is a period during which a DL signal is received from a gNB or a serving cell, but a UL signal is not transmitted.

[0240] Specifically, when the measurement gap is configured and a PRS for CPM in the measurement gap is configured, the UE can freely select a measurement frequency for CPM from among a plurality of measurement frequencies for CPM configured by a gNB (or serving cell) in a positioning frequency layer (PFL) in the time period of the measurement gap. In contrast, when a PRS for CPM in the measurement gap is not configured, the UE must remain in the active DL BWP even if the bandwidth of the configured PRS is not aligned with the active DL BWP configured in the UE (i.e., the active DL BWP cannot be aligned to the bandwidth of the PRS). Thus, when the UE performs phase measurement for the PRS based on the configured PRS configuration, the manner in which the UE selects the measurement frequency for CPM may differ depending on whether the phase measurement based on the PRS configuration is performed in a time period within the MG or outside the MG. In addition, when a report is made on the measurement of an indicated / configured PRS, the UE does not distinguish whether the measurement of the PRS is performed in a time interval within MG or a time interval outside MG and report the result.

[0241] Hereinafter, as described above, a signaling method between the gNB and the LMF for designating multiple measurement frequencies for CPM, a signaling method in which the gNB instructs / sets the designated multiple measurement frequencies to the UE, a method in which the UE selects a measurement frequency for CPM from the multiple measurement frequencies, and a signaling method in which the UE reports the measurement result by the CPM to the gNB will be described. Meanwhile, the following signaling is performed based on NRPPa (NR Positioning Protocol A) described with reference to FIG. 10.

[0242] (1) Signaling method between LMF and gNB to instruct UE on multiple frequencies for phase measurement

[0243] From the viewpoint of the LMF, the accuracy of positioning based on the measured phase may vary depending on the frequency at which the UE measures the phase. For example, phase measurement by frequency bands varies for each UE depending on the capabilities of the UE, and the performance of the positioning varies depending on the frequency band in which the UE operates and / or the frequency band in which the phase measurement is performed. In other words, even if phase measurement is performed for frequency bands corresponding to each other between UEs, the accuracy of the measurement varies depending on the capabilities of each UE, and the accuracy of the measurement varies depending on the frequency band in which the UE operates and / or the frequency band in which the phase measurement is performed. On the other hand, when differencing is performed on phase measurement based on CPM, the UE needs to receive PRS from multiple gNBs (TRPs).

[0244] Therefore, when positioning based on CPM is performed, the LMF needs to (further) manage frequency resources in which phase measurement is performed for frequencies in the PFL, taking into account the above-mentioned differences in positioning accuracy. Specifically, the LMF informs the gNB of multiple preferred frequencies in the PFL. In other words, the LMF needs to select multiple frequency resources suitable for the phase measurement from among the frequencies in the PFL, taking into account differences in positioning accuracy for each UE, differences in positioning accuracy for each frequency band, and the like, and instruct or notify the gNB in ​​advance of preference information for the selected multiple frequency resources.

[0245] The LMF informs the gNB of the PFL information in which the preference for multiple frequencies per PFL (i.e., preference related to phase positioning) is indicated by a priority flag. For example, if four frequency layers (or measurement frequencies) are indicated per PFL, the preference of the frequency layers is specified sequentially. In other words, if four frequency layers are indicated per PFL, the LMF determines the priority among the frequencies and transmits the PLF information including a priority flag according to the determined priority to the gNB.

[0246] Alternatively, when the LMF informs the gNB of PFL information, it informs the gNB of a predetermined number of frequency bands (or frequencies divided into N frequency regions) indicated by the PFL. The gNB configures an active DL BWP for a UE that measures the CPM-based PRS based on the PFL information. For example, the gNB configures an active DL BWP for the UE to include a frequency that distinguishes the PFL included in the PFL information configured or transmitted from the LMF. Alternatively, the gNB configures an active DL BWP for the UE to not include a frequency that distinguishes the PFL included in the PFL information configured or transmitted from the LMF.

[0247] (2) A signaling method between a gNB and a UE to instruct the UE on multiple frequencies for phase measurement

[0248] The signaling between the gNB and the UE includes signaling instructed from the gNB to the UE and signaling reported from the UE to the gNB. Among these signaling, the following items can be considered in relation to the signaling instructed by the gNB to the UE.

[0249] The gNB (or LMF) may instruct / configure multiple measurement frequencies for the CPM to the UE based on the PFL information. That is, the gNB instructs multiple measurement frequencies based on the preference of the LMF. Alternatively, the gNB configures / instructs the UE to configure multiple measurement frequencies for phase measurement according to the preference of the LMF in a frequency domain indicated by a PFL (or a PRS resource set, a PRS resource, etc.) set via RRC / MAC-CE / DCI, etc.

[0250] Alternatively, the gNB configures an active DL BWP for the UE based on the PFL information (or the multiple measurement frequencies) and / or whether or not another MG is configured for the UE. If another MG is not configured for the UE, the gNB configures the active DL BWP including the multiple measurement frequencies (multiple frequencies divided into N frequency ranges included in the PFL information and / or a frequency for CPM preferred by the LMF) for the UE performing the CPM measurement. Alternatively, the gNB configures an active DL BWP not including the multiple measurement frequencies for the UE performing the CPM measurement (on the other hand, the UE may not report the measurement result for the CPM if the multiple measurement frequencies instructed / configured by the gNB are not included in the active DL BWP).

[0251] On the other hand, if the multiple frequencies (or preferred frequencies) set or indicated by the LMF (or gNB) in the PFL are not included in the active DL BWP, the UE may report at least one preferred frequency (or frequency preference) for the CPM to the LMF (or gNB) by assistance data transfer, etc. The reporting may be performed after the UE receives an instruction for phase measurement based on CPM from the LMF (gNB) until the phase measurement is performed (or without the instructed phase measurement being performed).

[0252] (3) Signaling related to UE measurement reports or measurement result reports

[0253] The UE can determine / select at least one measurement frequency based on a plurality of measurement frequencies configured / instructed by signaling of the gNB, and report measurement results for the at least one measurement frequency to the gNB.

[0254] Specifically, the UE is instructed or derived multiple measurement frequencies for CPM (or preferred measurement frequencies preferred by the LMF for the CPM) in a PFL explicitly or implicitly configured (via RRC / MAC-CE / DCI) from the gNB as described above. Alternatively, the UE derives the multiple measurement frequencies (preferred frequencies preferred by the LMF for the CPM) in the PFL by prior agreement / agreement even without a separate configuration for the multiple measurement frequencies. For example, like a synchronization raster, the UE derives a preference (preferred by the LMF for the CPM) according to a specific granularity on the frequency even without a separate configuration of the gNB. In this case, the gNB (LMF) expects the UE to report a phase measurement result in the measurement frequency that the gNB (LMF) (most) prefers based on the multiple measurement frequencies. However, the UE may also perform CPM measurement reporting for measurement frequencies that are not included in the plurality of measurement frequencies, depending on whether MG is configured, an active DL BWP, and / or a relationship between the PFLs.

[0255] As an example, the UE determines whether to select the measurement frequency from among a plurality of measurement frequencies set / instructed by the signaling of the gNB based on the relationship between the MG, the active DL BWP, and / or the PFL. Specifically, when performing phase measurement for a PRS in an MG, the UE selects one of the plurality of measurement frequencies from an LMF(gNB) to measure the phase for the CPM. Alternatively, when performing phase measurement for a PRS when out of an MG, the UE selects a measurement frequency within the active DL BWP from the plurality of measurement frequencies to perform the CPM.

[0256] Alternatively, if a phase measurement for a PRS is performed when out of MG and / or the plurality of measurement frequencies are not included in the active DL BWP, the UE may select another measurement frequency outside the plurality of measurement frequencies, as an option described below.

[0257] - Option 1: The UE selects a frequency for performing the commanded phase measurement based on a specific frequency depending on the implementation of the UE.

[0258] - Option 2: The UE selects as the frequency for performing the phase measurement (as a reference) the frequency that is most adjacent or close to the measurement frequencies (or the frequency preferred by the LMF) in an active DL BWP.

[0259] - Option 3: The UE selects a measurement frequency within an active DL BWP that is an integer multiple of one of the measurement frequencies (or a frequency selected by the LMF) as a measurement frequency for performing the phase measurement (as a reference).

[0260] - Option 4: The UE selects a specific (e.g. highest or lowest) predefined / agreed frequency within the active DL BWP as the measurement frequency for performing said phase measurements (as a reference).

[0261] Alternatively, if CPM is performed for a PRS in the MG but the multiple measurement frequencies are not included in the active DL BWP, the UE may select another measurement frequency outside the multiple measurement frequencies within the active DL BWP based on at least one of options 1 to 4.

[0262] Alternatively, the UE may select a measurement frequency for CPM based on Option 1 to Option 4 if there is no available measurement frequency among the multiple measurement frequencies or a predefined default measurement frequency is not available.

[0263] The UE may also perform phase measurements for different frequencies in the MG and / or outside the MG for the same PFL in the above-mentioned manner. In this case, the UE may report a measurement result including phase measurements for each of two or more measurement frequencies even if a single report is instructed for the measurement result. For example, when phases are measured based on different frequencies inside and outside the MG for the same PFL, the UE reports a measurement result including information on a first phase measured for a first frequency selected in the MG and a second phase measured for a second frequency selected outside the MG even if a single phase measurement for a single frequency for the single PFL is instructed. This method may also be applied when an active DL BWP is changed due to BWP switching or the like during the phase measurement.

[0264] Alternatively, if the UE does not report for the frequency at which the phase was measured by the measurement result, the gNB may treat or consider the measurement result as a measurement report for a predefined default frequency.

[0265] In this way, the gNB can expect or guarantee phase measurement at a measurement frequency that can estimate the location of the UE with higher accuracy by implicitly / explicitly instructing the UE of a plurality of measurement frequencies selected by the location server, so that the UE performs the phase measurement among the plurality of measurement frequencies. Alternatively, even if the location measurement is not performed among the plurality of measurement frequencies, the UE can perform phase measurement for a measurement frequency having a predefined relationship with the plurality of measurement frequencies, thereby minimizing a decrease in accuracy in the location server or guaranteeing the selection of the measurement frequency within a predictable range.

[0266] FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining a method in which a terminal performs phase measurement for positioning according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0267] Referring to FIG. 12, the terminal receives configuration information for the phase measurement (or CPM) from a network (gNB or location server) (S201). Here, the configuration information for the phase measurement corresponds to the configuration information for the CPM described above. That is, the configuration information includes information on a plurality of measurement frequencies related to the execution of CPM and / or information on PRS configuration related to the execution of the CPM. In this case, the terminal can identify a plurality of measurement frequencies related to the phase measurement based on the configuration information. Meanwhile, hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, the CPM will be defined as CPP (Carrier Phase Positioning) and described.

[0268] For example, the plurality of measurement frequencies are specified in the configuration information by a reference measurement frequency and a plurality of measurement frequency offsets as in the above-mentioned item "1". For example, the reference measurement frequency and the plurality of measurement frequency offsets are indicated to the terminal based on the configuration information. The reference measurement frequency is directly indicated in the configuration information or implicitly indicated by the configuration information. For example, the reference measurement frequency is determined / specified as a frequency corresponding to an Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number (ARFCN) related to a PRS configuration included in the configuration information and a starting Physical Resource Block (PRB) of the PRS. Alternatively, the reference measurement frequency corresponds to a frequency of a Direct Current (DC) carrier related to a downlink signal or an uplink signal indicated from a higher layer signal (e.g., an RRC configuration) of the network. Alternatively, the reference measurement frequency is specified as a frequency for a predefined RE among resource elements (REs) related to the PRS indicated in a Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) configuration included in the configuration information without a separate indication / setting. For example, the reference measurement frequency is predefined / provisioned to correspond to the frequency of the RE with the highest index, the lowest index or the middle index among the REs included in the PRS configuration, and the configuration information includes information on the multiple frequency offsets, either directly as in option “1(2)” or relative to a conventional frequency domain grid.

[0269] Next, the terminal performs measurement for at least one measurement frequency based on the configuration information (S203). As described above, the measurement is a CPP-based phase measurement for the at least one measurement frequency or a PRS corresponding to the at least one measurement frequency. That is, the terminal receives a PRS corresponding to the at least one measurement frequency and can perform CPP for the at least one measurement frequency by phase measurement for the received PRS.

[0270] For example, the terminal determines / selects at least one measurement frequency for performing CPP based on the plurality of measurement frequencies. Specifically, the terminal determines / selects at least one measurement frequency from the plurality of measurement frequencies based on an active downlink BWP (Bandwidth Part) and / or a measurement gap configured by the network, or determines / selects another frequency other than the plurality of measurement frequencies as the at least one measurement frequency.

[0271] For example, when a measurement gap is configured for the terminal, the terminal determines the at least one measurement frequency differently depending on whether the measurement for the at least one measurement frequency is performed within the measurement gap. For example, when the measurement is not performed within the measurement gap, the terminal selects a measurement frequency that overlaps with the active downlink BWP from among the multiple measurement frequencies as the at least one measurement frequency. In contrast, when the measurement is performed within the measurement gap, the terminal can select at least one measurement frequency from among the multiple measurement frequencies without being restricted by the active downlink BWP. In this case, the terminal can select / determine at least one measurement frequency from among the multiple measurement frequencies taking into account the terminal's measurement capability, channel state, etc.

[0272] Alternatively, regardless of whether the measurement gap is configured or whether the measurement gap is within the measurement gap, the terminal may select / determine the at least one measurement frequency differently based on whether the active downlink BWP includes the plurality of measurement frequencies. For example, the terminal may not select the at least one measurement frequency from the plurality of measurement frequencies when the plurality of measurement frequencies not included in the active downlink BWP are indicated. Specifically, the terminal determines a predefined measurement frequency (e.g., the above-mentioned option 1 to option 4) other than the plurality of measurement frequencies as the at least one measurement frequency based on the plurality of measurement frequencies not included in the active downlink BWP being identified. Here, the predefined measurement frequency is a frequency that is an integer multiple of any one of the plurality of measurement frequencies in the active downlink BWP or a frequency that is most adjacent to the plurality of measurement frequencies in the active downlink BWP. Alternatively, the predefined measurement frequency is the lowest frequency in the active downlink BWP or the highest frequency in the active downlink BWP.

[0273] Next, the terminal reports a measurement result including phase information measured for the at least one measurement frequency to the network (S205). When reporting the measurement result, the terminal may also report information about the at least one measurement frequency. Alternatively, the terminal may also report information about the at least one measurement frequency only if the at least one measurement frequency is not selected from the plurality of measurement frequencies.

[0274] FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining a method in which the network receives a report of the measurement result for positioning from the terminal.

[0275] Referring to Fig. 13, the network transmits configuration information related to the positioning to the terminal (S301). As described above, the network may instruct the terminal of a plurality of measurement frequencies related to the CPP based on the above-mentioned expression method by the configuration information, etc. Here, the configuration information includes information on PRS configuration in which the CPP is performed. Also, the network may explicitly / implicitly instruct / configure the plurality of measurement frequencies as described with reference to Figs. 11 to 12, or may consider / determine that the plurality of measurement frequencies are identified according to what is predefined.

[0276] Next, the network receives a measurement result including phase information measured for at least one of the plurality of measurement frequencies from the terminal (S303). The network may expect that the terminal selects the at least one measurement frequency from the plurality of measurement frequencies as described with reference to FIG. 12 and reports the measurement result including phase information for the selected at least one measurement frequency. The network may also determine that the phase information is measured for the at least one measurement frequency selected / determined within the plurality of measurement frequencies or within the active downlink BWP based on the active downlink BWP, a measurement gap, etc. The measurement result may also further include information about the at least one frequency. Alternatively, the network may configure the active downlink BWP to include all or a part of the plurality of measurement frequencies in the terminal. Alternatively, the network may receive a measurement result including phase information measured for measurement frequencies other than the plurality of measurement frequencies from the terminal as described above.

[0277] Next, the network estimates the location of the terminal based on the measurement result (S305). The network performs differentiating related to the CPP based on phase information measured by the terminal and / or phase information measured for the measurement frequency from multiple terminals for PRSs transmitted by multiple TRPs, and can accurately estimate the location of the terminal based on the differentiating.

[0278] In this way, the gNB can implicitly / explicitly instruct the UE of a number of measurement frequencies preferred by the location server, so that the UE performs the phase measurement among the number of measurement frequencies, and can expect or guarantee phase measurement at a measurement frequency at which the location server can estimate the location of the UE with higher accuracy. Alternatively, even if the location measurement is not performed at the number of measurement frequencies, the UE can perform phase measurement for a measurement frequency having a predefined relationship with the number of measurement frequencies, thereby minimizing a decrease in accuracy at the location server or ensuring the selection of the measurement frequency within a predictable range.

[0279] An example of a communication system to which the present invention is applied

[0280] Without being limited thereto, the various descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or flow charts of the present invention disclosed in this specification may be applied to various fields requiring wireless communication / connection between devices (e.g., 5G).

[0281] Hereinafter, a more detailed description will be given with reference to the drawings. In the following drawings / description, the same reference numerals denote the same or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks or function blocks, unless otherwise specified.

[0282] FIG. 14 illustrates a communication system to which the present invention is applied.

[0283] Referring to FIG. 14, the communication system 1 applied to the present invention includes wireless devices, base stations, and networks. Here, the wireless devices refer to devices that communicate using wireless connection technology (e.g., 5G NR, LTE), and are also referred to as communication / wireless / 5G devices. The wireless devices include, but are not limited to, a robot 100a, vehicles 100b-1, 100b-2, an XR (eXtended Reality) device 100c, a handheld device (Hand-held Device) 100d, a home appliance 100e, an IoT (Internet of Thing) device 100f, and an AI device / server 400. For example, the vehicles include vehicles equipped with wireless communication functions, autonomous vehicles, vehicles capable of inter-vehicle communication, and the like. Here, the vehicles include UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) (e.g., drones). XR devices include Augmented Reality (AR) / Virtual Reality (VR) / Mixed Reality (MR) devices, and are embodied in the form of Head-Mounted Devices (HMDs), Head-Up Displays (HUDs) mounted on vehicles, TVs, smartphones, computers, wearable devices, home appliances, digital billboards, vehicles, robots, etc. Portable devices include smartphones, smart pads, wearable devices (e.g., smart watches, smart glasses), computers (e.g., notebook computers, etc.), etc. Home appliances include TVs, refrigerators, washing machines, etc. IoT devices include sensors, smart meters, etc. For example, base stations and networks may also be embodied as wireless devices, and a specific wireless device 200a may operate as a base station / network node for other wireless devices.

[0284] The wireless devices 100a to 100f are connected to a network 300 via a base station 200. AI (Artificial Intelligence) technology is applied to the wireless devices 100a to 100f, and the wireless devices 100a to 100f are connected to an AI server 400 via the network 300. The network 300 is configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, or a 5G (e.g., NR) network. The wireless devices 100a to 100f can communicate with each other via the base station 200 / network 300, but can also communicate directly without going through the base station / network (e.g., sidelink communication). For example, the vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2 can communicate directly (e.g., V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle) / V2X (Vehicle to everything) communication). Also, an IoT device (e.g., a sensor) can directly communicate with another IoT device (e.g., a sensor) or another wireless device 100a to 100f.

[0285] Wireless communication / connections 150a, 150b, and 150c are performed between the wireless devices 100a to 100f / base stations 200 and the base stations 200. Here, the wireless communication / connections are performed by various wireless connection technologies such as uplink / downlink communication 150a and sidelink communication 150b (or D2D communication) and inter-base station communication 150c (e.g., relay, IAB (Integrated Access Backhaul) (e.g., 5G NR). Through the wireless communication / connections 150a, 150b, and 150c, the wireless devices and base stations, and the base stations and base stations can transmit / receive wireless signals to each other. For example, the wireless communication / connections 150a, 150b, and 150c can transmit / receive signals via various physical channels. To this end, any one of various configuration information setting processes for transmitting / receiving wireless signals, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel coding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, resource mapping / demapping, etc.), and resource allocation processes is performed based on various proposals of the present invention.

[0286] Examples of wireless devices to which the present invention can be applied

[0287] FIG. 15 illustrates a wireless device to which the present invention is applied.

[0288] 15, a first wireless device 100 and a second wireless device 200 transmit and receive wireless signals using various wireless access technologies (e.g., LTE, NR), where {first wireless device 100, second wireless device 200} corresponds to {wireless device 100x, base station 200} and / or {wireless device 100x, wireless device 100x} in FIG.

[0289] The first wireless device 100 includes one or more processors 102 and one or more memories 104, and further includes one or more transceivers 106 and / or one or more antennas 108. The processor 102 is configured to control the memory 104 and / or the transceiver 106 to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or flowcharts disclosed herein. For example, the processor 102 processes information in the memory 104 to generate a first information / signal, and then transmits a wireless signal including the first information / signal via the transceiver 106. The processor 102 also receives a wireless signal including a second information / signal via the transceiver 106, and then stores information obtained from signal processing of the second information / signal in the memory 104. The memory 104 is coupled to the processor 102 and stores various information related to the operation of the processor 102. For example, the memory 104 stores software code including instructions for performing some or all of the processes controlled by the processor 102 or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or flowcharts disclosed herein. Here, the processor 102 and memory 104 are part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver 106 is coupled to the processor 102 and transmits and / or receives wireless signals via one or more antennas 108. The transceiver 106 includes a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver 106 may also be referred to as an RF (radio frequency) unit. In the present invention, a wireless device may also refer to a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0290] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first wireless device 100 or terminal includes a processor 102 coupled to the RF transceiver and a memory 104. The memory 104 includes at least one program for performing operations associated with the embodiments described in Figures 10 to 13.

[0291] Specifically, the processor 102 controls the RF transceiver 106 to receive configuration information related to position measurement from a network, perform measurement for at least one measurement frequency based on the configuration information, and report measurement results for the at least one measurement frequency to the network, where the at least one measurement frequency is determined based on a plurality of measurement frequencies for Carrier Phase Positioning (CPP) identified based on the configuration information, and the measurement results include phase information measured for the at least one measurement frequency.

[0292] Alternatively, a chipset including the processor 102 and the memory 104 is configured. In this case, the chipset includes at least one processor and at least one memory operatively connected to the at least one processor and configured to cause the at least one processor to perform operations when executed, the operations including receiving configuration information related to position measurement from a network, performing measurements for at least one measurement frequency based on the configuration information, and reporting measurement results for the at least one measurement frequency to the network, the at least one measurement frequency being determined based on a plurality of measurement frequencies for a carrier phase positioning (CPP) identified based on the configuration information, and the measurement results including phase information measured for the at least one measurement frequency. Furthermore, the at least one processor performs operations for the embodiments described in Figures 10 to 13 based on a program included in the memory.

[0293] Alternatively, a computer-readable storage medium is provided that includes at least one computer program causing the at least one processor to perform operations, the operations including receiving configuration information related to position measurement, performing measurements for at least one measurement frequency based on the configuration information, and reporting measurement results for the at least one measurement frequency, the at least one measurement frequency being determined based on a plurality of measurement frequencies for a carrier phase positioning (CPP) identified based on the configuration information, and the measurement results including phase information measured for the at least one measurement frequency. Also, the computer program includes a program for performing operations for the embodiments described in Figures 10 to 13.

[0294] The second wireless device 200 includes one or more processors 202 and one or more memories 204, and further includes one or more transceivers 206 and / or one or more antennas 208. The processor 202 is configured to control the memory 204 and / or the transceiver 206 to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or flowcharts disclosed herein. For example, the processor 202 processes information in the memory 204 to generate a third information / signal, and then transmits a wireless signal including the third information / signal via the transceiver 206. The processor 202 also receives a wireless signal including a fourth information / signal via the transceiver 206, and then stores information obtained from the signal processing of the fourth information / signal in the memory 204. The memory 204 is coupled to the processor 202 and stores various information related to the operation of the processor 202. For example, the memory 204 stores software code including instructions for performing some or all of the processes controlled by the processor 202 or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or flowcharts disclosed herein. Here, the processor 202 and memory 204 are part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver 206 is coupled to the processor 202 and transmits and / or receives wireless signals via one or more antennas 208. The transceiver 206 includes a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver 206 may also be referred to as an RF unit. In the present invention, a wireless device may also refer to a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0295] In one embodiment of the present invention, the base station or network includes a processor 202, a memory 204 and / or a transceiver 206. The processor 202 controls the transceiver 206 or RF transceiver to transmit configuration information related to position measurement and to receive measurement results for at least one measurement frequency measured based on the configuration information, the configuration information indicating multiple measurement frequencies for Carrier Phase Positioning (CPP), and the measurement results including phase information measured for the at least one measurement frequency determined based on the multiple measurement frequencies.

[0296] The hardware components of the wireless device 100, 200 are described in more detail below. One or more protocol layers may be implemented by, but are not limited to, one or more processors 102, 202. For example, the one or more processors 102, 202 may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, SDAP, etc.). The one or more processors 102, 202 may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and / or one or more Service Data Units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or flowcharts disclosed herein. The one or more processors 102, 202 may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or flowcharts disclosed herein. The one or more processors 102, 202 may generate and provide signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the functions, procedures, suggestions, and / or methods disclosed herein to the one or more transceivers 106, 206. The one or more processors 102, 202 may receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from the one or more transceivers 106, 206 and derive the PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or flowcharts disclosed herein.

[0297] The one or more processors 102, 202 may also be referred to as controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or microcomputers. The one or more processors 102, 202 may be implemented using hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. As an example, the one or more processors 102, 202 may include one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), one or more digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), one or more programmable logic devices (PLDs), or one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or flowcharts disclosed herein may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, and the like. The firmware or software configured to perform the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or flowcharts disclosed herein may be included in the one or more processors 102, 202, or may be stored in one or more memories 104, 204 and executed by the one or more processors 102, 202. The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or flow charts disclosed in this specification may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of code, instructions and / or sets of instructions.

[0298] The one or more memories 104, 204 are coupled to the one or more processors 102, 202 and store various types of data, signals, messages, information, programs, code, instructions, and / or commands. The one or more memories 104, 204 may be comprised of ROM, RAM, EPROM, flash memory, hard drives, registers, cache memory, computer readable storage media, and / or combinations thereof. The one or more memories 104, 204 may be located internal and / or external to the one or more processors 102, 202. Additionally, the one or more memories 104, 204 may be coupled to the one or more processors 102, 202 via various techniques, such as wired or wireless connections.

[0299] One or more transceivers 106, 206 may transmit user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as described in the methods and / or flow charts, etc., herein to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106, 206 may receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as described in the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or flow charts, etc., herein from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers 106, 206 may be coupled to one or more processors 102, 202 to transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, one or more processors 102, 202 may control one or more transceivers 106, 206 to transmit user data, control information, or wireless signals to one or more other devices. Also, one or more processors 102, 202 may control one or more transceivers 106, 206 to receive user data, control information, or wireless signals from one or more other devices. The one or more transceivers 106, 206 are coupled to one or more antennas 108, 208, and the one or more transceivers 106, 206 are configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc., as described, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or flow charts disclosed herein, via the one or more antennas 108, 208. In this specification, the one or more antennas can be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). The one or more transceivers 106, 206 convert the received user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc., from RF band signals to baseband signals for processing by the one or more processors 102, 202. The one or more transceivers 106, 206 convert the user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc., processed by the one or more processors 102, 202, from baseband signals to RF band signals. To this end, the one or more transceivers 106, 206 include (analog) oscillators and / or filters.

[0300] Examples of use of wireless devices to which this invention can be applied

[0301] 16 shows another example of a wireless device to which the present invention can be applied. The wireless device can be embodied in various forms depending on the use case / service.

[0302] Referring to Fig. 16, the wireless devices 100 and 200 correspond to the wireless devices 100 and 200 of Fig. 15 and are composed of various elements, components, units / parts and / or modules. For example, the wireless devices 100 and 200 include a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130 and an additional element 140. The communication unit includes a communication circuit 112 and a transceiver 114. For example, the communication circuit 112 includes one or more processors 102 and 202 and / or one or more memories 104 and 204 in Fig. 15. For example, the transceiver 114 includes one or more transceivers 106 and 206 and / or one or more antennas 108 and 208 in Fig. 15. The control unit 120 is electrically connected to the communication unit 110, the memory unit 130 and the additional element 140 and controls the overall operation of the wireless device. For example, the control unit 120 controls electrical / mechanical operations of the wireless device based on the programs / codes / commands / information stored in the memory unit 130. In addition, the control unit 120 transmits information stored in the memory unit 130 to the outside (e.g., another communication device) via the communication unit 110 through a wireless / wired interface, or stores information received from the outside (e.g., another communication device) via the communication unit 110 through a wireless / wired interface in the memory unit 130.

[0303] The additional element 140 may be configured in various ways depending on the type of wireless device. For example, the additional element 140 may include any one of a power unit / battery, an input / output unit (I / O unit), a driving unit, and a computer unit. The wireless device may be embodied in the form of, but not limited to, a robot (FIG. 14, 100a), a vehicle (FIG. 14, 100b-1, 100b-2), an XR device (FIG. 14, 100c), a mobile device (FIG. 14, 100d), a home appliance (FIG. 14, 100e), an IoT device (FIG. 14, 100f), a digital broadcasting terminal, a hologram device, a public safety device, an MTC device, a medical device, a Fintech device (or a financial device), a security device, a climate / environment device, an AI server / device (FIG. 14, 400), a base station (FIG. 14, 200), and a network node. The wireless device may be mobile or fixed depending on the use case / service.

[0304] In FIG. 16, the various elements, components, units / sections and / or modules within the wireless devices 100, 200 are all coupled to each other by wired interfaces or at least some are wirelessly coupled to each other by a communication unit 110. For example, in the wireless devices 100 and 200, the control unit 120 and the communication unit 110 are connected by wire, and the control unit 120 and a first unit (e.g., 130, 140) are connected wirelessly via the communication unit 110. In addition, each element, component, unit / part and / or module in the wireless devices 100 and 200 further includes one or more elements. For example, the control unit 120 is composed of a set of one or more processors. For example, the control unit 120 is composed of a set of a communication control processor, an application processor, an ECU (Electronic control Unit), a graphics processor, a memory control processor, etc. As another example, the memory unit 130 is composed of a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Dynamic RAM (DRAM), a Read Only Memory (ROM), a flash memory, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory and / or a combination thereof.

[0305] Here, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices XXX and YYY of this specification includes not only LTE, NR, and 6G, but also NB-IoT (Narrowband Internet of Things) for low power communication. At this time, for example, the NB-IoT technology is an example of LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network) technology, and may be implemented in a standard such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, and is not limited to the above-mentioned names. In addition or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices XXX and YYY of this specification communicates based on the LTE-M technology. At this time, as an example, the LTE-M technology is an example of LPWAN technology, and may be called various names such as eMTC (enhanced Machine Type Communication). For example, the LTE-M technology may be implemented in any one of various standards such as 1) LTE CAT0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-BL (non-Bandwidth Limited), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE Machine Type Communication, and / or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the above-mentioned names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology embodied in the wireless device XXX, YYY of this specification may include any of ZigBee (registered trademark), Bluetooth (registered trademark), and Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) that consider low power communication, but are not limited to the above names. As an example, ZigBee technology creates personal area networks (PANs) related to small / low power digital communication based on various standards such as IEEE802.15.4, and is called by various names.

[0306] The above-described embodiments combine the components and features of the present invention in a predetermined form. Each component or feature is considered to be optional unless otherwise explicitly stated. Each component or feature may be implemented in a form not combined with other components or features, or some components and / or features may be combined to form an embodiment of the present invention. The order of operations described in the embodiments of the present invention may be changed. Some components or features of one embodiment may be included in another embodiment, or may be replaced with corresponding components or features of another embodiment. It is clear that claims that are not explicitly cited in the claims may be combined to form an embodiment, or may be included as a new claim by amendment after filing.

[0307] In this specification, the embodiment of the present invention is mainly described with a focus on a signal transmission / reception relationship between a terminal and a base station. Such a transmission / reception relationship can be similarly / identically extended to signal transmission / reception between a terminal and a relay or between a base station and a relay. A specific operation performed by a base station in this document may be performed by its upper node in some cases. That is, it is clear that various operations performed for communication with a terminal in a network consisting of a plurality of network nodes including a base station may be performed by a base station or a network node other than a base station. A base station may be a fixed station, Node b, eNode b (eNB), an access point, etc. Also, a terminal may be a user equipment (UE), a mobile station (MS), a mobile subscriber station (MSS), etc.

[0308] Embodiments of the invention may be implemented in various ways, such as hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. In a hardware implementation, an embodiment of the invention may be implemented using one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), processors, controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, etc.

[0309] In the case of implementation by firmware or software, an embodiment of the present invention is implemented in the form of modules, procedures, or functions that perform the functions or operations described above. The software code is stored in a memory and is driven by a processor. The memory unit is provided inside or outside the processor and exchanges data with the processor by various means known in the art.

[0310] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, the above detailed description should not be interpreted as limiting in all respects, but should be considered as illustrative. The scope of the present invention should be determined by reasonable interpretation of the appended claims, and all modifications within the equivalent scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. [Industrial Applicability]

[0311] The above-described embodiments of the present invention can be applied to various mobile communication systems.

Claims

1. A method for a terminal to perform measurements for positioning in a wireless communication system, comprising: receiving configuration information related to location measurement from a network; performing a measurement for at least one measurement frequency based on the setting information; reporting a measurement result for the at least one measurement frequency to the network; The terminal identifies a plurality of measurement frequencies for Carrier Phase positioning (CPP) based on the configuration information, and determines the at least one measurement frequency based on the plurality of measurement frequencies; The method, wherein the measurement results include measured phase information for the at least one measurement frequency.

2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of measurement frequencies are specified by a reference measurement frequency and a plurality of measurement frequency offsets that are indicated based on the setting information.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the reference measurement frequency is determined based on an Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number (ARFCN) or a starting Physical Resource Block (PRB) of a Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) included in the configuration information, the ARFCN being associated with the PRS configuration.

4. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the reference measurement frequency is determined based on a frequency of a direct current (DC) carrier associated with a downlink signal or an uplink signal.

5. The method of claim 2, wherein the reference measurement frequency is determined based on an index of a resource element (RE) included in a positioning reference signal (PRS) setting included in the setting information.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the at least one measurement frequency is determined based on at least one of the plurality of measurement frequencies, an active downlink BWP (Bandwidth Part) and a measurement gap configured in the terminal.

7. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein, based on the identification of the plurality of measurement frequencies that are not included in the active downlink BWP, the at least one measurement frequency is determined to be a predefined measurement frequency that is not the plurality of measurement frequencies.

8. 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the predefined measurement frequency is a frequency that is an integer multiple of any one of the plurality of measurement frequencies within the active downlink BWP, or a frequency that is closest to the plurality of measurement frequencies within the active downlink BWP.

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the predefined measurement frequency is the lowest frequency in the active downlink BWP or the highest frequency in the active downlink BWP.

10. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the at least one measurement frequency is determined differently depending on whether a measurement for the at least one measurement frequency is performed within the measurement gap or not.

11. A terminal that performs measurements for positioning in a wireless communication system, An RF (Radio Frequency) transceiver; a processor coupled to the RF transceiver; The processor controls the RF transceiver to receive configuration information related to location measurement from a network, perform measurements for at least one measurement frequency based on the configuration information, and report measurement results for the at least one measurement frequency to the network; The at least one measurement frequency is determined based on a plurality of measurement frequencies for a carrier phase positioning (CPP) identified based on the setting information; The terminal, wherein the measurement result includes phase information measured for the at least one measurement frequency.

12. A method for a network to receive a report of a measurement result for positioning from a terminal in a wireless communication system, comprising: transmitting configuration information relating to position measurement; receiving a measurement result for at least one measurement frequency measured based on the setting information; The setting information indicates a plurality of measurement frequencies for Carrier Phase positioning (CPP), The method, wherein the measurement results include measured phase information for the at least one measurement frequency determined based on the multiple measurement frequencies.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the network configures an active downlink BWP (Bandwidth Part) for the terminal to include the plurality of measurement frequencies.

14. A chipset for performing measurements for positioning a terminal in a wireless communication system, At least one processor; at least one memory operatively connected to said at least one processor and which, when executed, causes said at least one processor to perform operations; The operations include receiving configuration information related to location measurement from a network, performing measurements for at least one measurement frequency based on the configuration information, and reporting measurement results for the at least one measurement frequency to the network; The at least one measurement frequency is determined based on a plurality of measurement frequencies for a carrier phase positioning (CPP) identified based on the setting information; The measurement results include measured phase information for the at least one measurement frequency.

15. 1. A computer-readable storage medium containing at least one computer program in a wireless communication system, comprising: at least one computer program causing at least one processor to perform operations related to positioning measurements for the terminal; a computer readable storage medium having said at least one computer program stored thereon; The operations include receiving configuration information related to position measurement, performing measurements for at least one measurement frequency based on the configuration information, and reporting measurement results for the at least one measurement frequency; The at least one measurement frequency is determined based on a plurality of measurement frequencies for a carrier phase positioning (CPP) identified based on the setting information; The measurement results include measured phase information for the at least one measurement frequency.

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