Improvement of Hair Structure

Abstract

Sandal pentanol (3-methyl-5-(2,2,3-trimethylcyclopent-3-en-1-yl)pentan-2-ol), or a composition containing sandal pentanol, can be used to improve the hair structure. The composition may further optionally contain caffeine as an additional active ingredient and / or one or more saturated or unsaturated C10-C18 fatty acids or salts thereof as additional active ingredients. Improving the hair structure may include increasing the cross-sectional area of the hair. Improving the hair structure may include increasing the expression of keratin, particularly the expression of keratin 85. Improving the hair structure may include improving the hair structure affected by hair thinning associated with aging.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to improving hair structure. In an embodiment, the present invention relates to a cosmetic composition for improving hair structure. The composition contains sandal pentanol (3-methyl-5-(2,2,3-trimethylcyclopent-3-en-1-yl)pentan-2-ol) as an active ingredient. The composition may optionally contain caffeine as an additional active ingredient. The composition may optionally contain one or more saturated or unsaturated C10-C18 fatty acids or salts thereof as an additional active ingredient. For example, the composition may contain sandal pentanol, caffeine, and one or more saturated or unsaturated C10-C18 fatty acids or salts thereof as active ingredients. In another aspect, the present invention relates to the use of sandal pentanol (3-methyl-5-(2,2,3-trimethylcyclopent-3-en-1-yl)pentan-2-ol) in combination with caffeine and / or one or more saturated or unsaturated C10-C18 fatty acids, optionally, for improving hair structure.

Background Art

[0002] Human hair growth occurs in a known manner following a natural growth rhythm that includes the anagen (growth), catagen (transition), telogen (rest), and exogen (shedding) phases. A normal natural hair cycle begins when the hair root is expelled or shed during the exogen phase or prior to the start of a new anagen phase. During the anagen phase, new hair is formed as the cells of the hair root rapidly divide, and the typical growth rate of hair on the scalp is approximately 0.3 to 0.4 millimeters per day. The anagen phase lasts about 2 to 6 years. The catagen phase that follows the anagen phase is a short transition phase in which hair growth stops and the cells that cause hair growth are no longer supplied with blood. The catagen phase lasts approximately 10 days. The telogen phase lasts about 100 days, during which individual hairs are still held in the hair follicles but are no longer growing actively. Finally, during the exogen phase, individual hairs are expelled or shed. The exogen phase lasts approximately 2 to 5 months.

[0003] While normal hair growth is occurring, 80 to 100 hairs fall out from the scalp per day. This number is approximate, and there may be more or fewer hairs falling out in a shorter time, but it is not a cause for concern regarding natural hair growth.

[0004] The loss of hair volume over time is generally recognized as "thinning of hair," but such volume loss can be caused by different phenomena. One obvious reason for hair to be perceived as thinning is hair loss, i.e., a decrease in the number or areal density of hair follicles that produce hair. Another reason for hair to be perceived as thinning is a change in the growth cycle. For example, when the percentage of hairs in the anagen phase and the duration of the anagen phase decrease, the result is mainly that the hairs become shorter, but the hair volume is perceived as being overall lost. Another reason for hair to be perceived as thinning is a change in the diameter or cross-section of the hair, i.e., individual hairs become thinner.

[0005] The structure and size of human head or scalp hair vary according to ethnic origin. Asian hair has a round and uniform shape and an average diameter ranging from 80 to 120 micrometers. Caucasian hair is elliptical in shape, and the typical average diameter of the hair is considered to be 60 to 80 micrometers. African hair has a flat elliptical shape, and an average diameter ranging from 50 to 70 micrometers is considered typical. The average diameter also varies with age, increasing up to the mid-40s and then decreasing rapidly after that age.

[0006] Various "hair-thickening" products are commercially available. One type of such products is aimed at stopping or at least reducing hair loss and is, for example, unrelated to improving the hair structure by increasing the hair diameter or cross-sectional area. Another type of such products is aimed at improving the hairstyle to create the impression of fuller and fluffier hair, which also does not affect the hair diameter or cross-sectional area. A third type of such "hair-thickening" products actually aims at increasing the hair diameter or cross-sectional area by essentially coating the hair. Such a coating can give a richer appearance to the hair already grown out from the scalp, but does not increase the diameter of cross-section of the hair when growing from the keratogenous bulb. These commercially available products also do not improve the hair structure by increasing keratin expression, such as the expression of keratin 85.

[0007] Accordingly, there is a need for a care product suitable for improving hair structure, in particular a care product that includes increasing the hair diameter or cross-sectional area, or improving keratin expression. Furthermore, there is a need for a care product suitable for improving hair structure affected by hair thinning associated with aging. In particular, there is a need for such a product that can be administered locally.

[0008] EP0116439A2 discloses a hair tonic composition containing at least one specific C10-C20 fatty acid or its salt as an active ingredient. This hair tonic composition is said to prevent dandruff occurrence and scalp itching in hair and accelerate hair growth.

[0009] US2002 / 0034485A1 discloses a hair tonic for preventing or at least reducing hair loss, containing at least one saturated and unsaturated C10-C18 fatty acid or its salt, biotin and / or caffeine.

[0010] US2019 / 0216696A1 discloses the use of a specific derivative of sandal pentanol for promoting hair growth and / or inhibiting or delaying hair loss on the human scalp.

[0011] WO2020 / 069522A1 discloses a cosmetic formulation containing an effective amount of sandal pentanol or its analog and minoxidil or rosemary oil or emu oil or a combination thereof for the treatment and regeneration of hair loss in mammals. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0012] According to the present invention, it has now surprisingly been found that sandal pentanol is effective in improving hair structure. The inventors have found that sandal pentanol is suitable for improving hair structure, where improving hair structure includes increasing the cross-sectional area of the hair. Further, the inventors have found that sandal pentanol is suitable for improving hair structure, where improving hair structure includes increasing the expression of keratin, particularly (in particural) the expression of keratin 85. Furthermore, the inventors have found that sandal pentanol is suitable for improving hair structure affected by age-related hair thinning.

[0013] According to one aspect, the subject matter of the present invention is a composition for improving hair structure, particularly the structure of mammalian hair, such as human hair. The composition comprises sandal pentanol. The composition optionally further comprises caffeine. The composition optionally further comprises one or more saturated and unsaturated C10-C18 fatty acids. Typically, the composition further comprises a solvent or a solvent-aqueous system.

[0014] The composition for improving hair structure can optionally further comprise one or more components that provide beneficial effects (referred to herein as "supportive components"), one or more oil components, one or more mineral components, and one or more cosmetically acceptable additives.

[0015] According to an embodiment, the composition for improving hair structure is a hair tonic comprising a water-alcohol based solvent system.

[0016] According to another embodiment, the composition for improving hair structure is a dry shampoo, particularly a dry shampoo applied in the form of an aerosol.

[0017] According to other embodiments, the composition for improving hair structure is a shampoo, for example, a water-reduced shampoo.

[0018] According to an embodiment, the composition is an immediately usable scalp and hair treatment product for improving hair structure, which is a product selected from hair tonics, hair lotions, hair conditioners, hair creams, hair shampoos, dry shampoos, hair rinses, hair liquids, hair oils, hair pomades, hair foams, hair sprays.

[0019] According to another aspect, the subject matter of the present invention is a method for improving hair structure, which includes applying sandal pentanol or the composition according to the present disclosure to the scalp (or the skin area including facial hair).

[0020] According to a further aspect, the subject matter of the present invention is the use of sandal pentanol or the composition according to the present disclosure for improving hair structure.

[0021] The composition, method and use of the present invention are suitable for improving hair structure. In one aspect, the composition, method and use of the present invention are suitable for improving hair structure, where improving hair structure includes increasing the cross-sectional area of the hair. In another aspect, the composition, method and use of the present invention are suitable for improving hair structure, where improving hair structure includes increasing the expression of keratin, for example, the expression of keratin 85. In yet another aspect, the composition, method and use of the present invention are suitable for improving hair structure affected by hair thinning associated with aging.

[0022] The composition, method and use of the present invention are further suitable for topical administration onto the human scalp. The composition, method and use of the present invention are suitable for both cosmetic use and therapeutic use in improving hair structure.

[0023] Definitions In the following specification, the terms "sandal pentanol" and "Sandalore" are used interchangeably. Sandal pentanol is a synthetic odorant having an aroma similar to that of sandalwood, and thus is used as a relatively inexpensive raw material that mimics the scent of sandalwood in perfumes, skin softeners, and skin cleansers. Sandal pentanol is an alcohol having a chemical structure completely different from that of the ingredients of natural sandalwood oil, together with its structurally similar analogs, such as a compound named brahmanol. Sandalwood oil is extracted by steam distillation from mature sandalwood trees and is a well-known precious perfume ingredient. The IUPAC name of sandal pentanol is 3-methyl-5-(2,2,3-trimethylcyclopent-3-en-1-yl)pentan-2-ol.

[0024] In this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

[0025] The terms "can", "be possible", and "may" mean, in the context of this application, "is permitted to" or "is able to", and are synonyms of the term "can". The terms "can", "be possible", and "may" do not mean possibility or probability in this specification.

[0026] The term "and / or" means, in the context of this application, one or the other or both. For example, an aqueous solution of A and / or B means an aqueous solution of A alone, an aqueous solution of B alone, and an aqueous solution of a combination of A and B.

[0027] The term "about" is to be understood as meaning ±10 percent of the recited numerical value, plurality of numerical values, or numerical range. According to an embodiment, the term "about" is to be understood as meaning ±2 percent of the recited numerical value, plurality of numerical values, or numerical range.

[0028] As used herein, the term "optionally" means that the corresponding step or feature may or may not be present. This term encompasses both possibilities.

[0029] The terms "parts by weight" (PBW) and "parts by volume" (PBV) are used in their ordinary sense. When used in a complex context, such as in a mixture with a component indicated by PBV, where the amount of the component indicated by PBW is concerned, the terms PBW and PBV herein represent that the amount of the component indicated by PBV is in volume units of milliliters, whereas the component indicated by PBW is in amount units of grams.

[0030] As used herein, the term "composition" represents a mixture or blend containing at least two components. A typical composition includes at least one functional component (such as an active ingredient like sandal pentanol) and at least one solvent component (such as water or alcohol). The composition can exist in any suitable physical form, such as liquids of various viscosities, gels, foams, creams, etc. The term "composition" can represent an immediately usable product, unless stated otherwise by the context.

[0031] "An immediately usable scalp and hair treatment product" represents the form in which the present composition is actually applied to the skin area including the human scalp or facial hair.

[0032] The term "substantially free of" a certain component means that each corresponding component in a given entity, e.g., in a composition, is present in an amount less than 1.0% by weight based on the total weight of the entity. In particular, the term "substantially free of" means that each corresponding component in the entity is present in an amount less than 0.5% by weight, such as less than 0.1% by weight, for example less than 0.01% by weight, etc.

[0033] The term "free of" a certain component means, assuming a detection limit of ppm (parts per million) on a weight ratio basis, an amount below the detection limit. In particular, the term "free of" a certain component means that each corresponding component in the entity is present in an amount less than 50 ppm by weight, such as less than 10 ppm by weight, for example less than 5 ppm by weight, etc.

[0034] The term "consisting essentially of" means that in a given entity, e.g., in a certain composition, additional components not specifically described are not present in an amount greater than 1.0% by weight based on the total weight of the entity. In particular, the term "consisting essentially of" means that in a given entity, additional components not specifically described are not present in an amount greater than 0.5% by weight, such as greater than 0.1% by weight, for example greater than 0.01% by weight. Needless to say, any additional components not specifically described are compatible with the specifically described components and do not interfere with their function.

[0035] The term "consisting of" means that in a given entity, e.g., in a certain composition, additional components not specifically described are not present in an amount above the detection limit assuming a detection limit of ppm (parts per million) on a weight ratio basis. In particular, the term "consisting of" means that in a given entity, additional components not specifically described are not present in an amount greater than 50 ppm by weight, such as greater than 10 ppm by weight, for example greater than 10 ppm by weight. Needless to say, any additional components not specifically described are compatible with the specifically described components and do not interfere with their function.

[0036] As used herein, the term "hair" generally refers to mammalian hair, and more particularly to human hair. More specifically, for the purposes of the present invention, the term "hair" refers to human "scalp hair" or "head hair" and human "facial hair". The term "facial hair" includes beard, eyebrows and eyelashes.

[0037] The term "improved hair structure" means that one or more structural phenomena in the hair are improved. For example, "improved hair structure" includes that the "diameter" or "cross-sectional area" of "growing" hair is improved / increased. In another example, "improved hair structure" includes that keratin expression is improved / increased, particularly that the expression of KRT85 is improved / increased. The term "keratin 85" or "KRT85" refers to human keratin 85.

[0038] The term "age-related hair thinning" means that the volume of human hair is recognized to be lost due to a decrease in the diameter or cross-sectional area of the hair. The decrease in the diameter or cross-sectional area of the hair occurs in an age-dependent manner, and its starting age is typically in the early 40s. Scientific research has demonstrated that the age-dependent decrease in the diameter or cross-sectional area of the hair correlates with a decrease in keratin expression, such as a decrease in the expression of KRT85.

[0039] The term "KRT85 expression" refers to the expression of human keratin 85. Just beyond the proliferative zone with stem cells (often referred to as the "germative matrix" or Zone A in many studies), KRT85 occurs as one of the first keratins expressed in cortical cells and forms short filaments (paired with KRT35 or KRT31) in the cytoplasm within the "precortical hair matrix". KRT85 promotes the lateral association and bundling of short intermediate diameter filaments (IF: intermediate filament). This first bundle is the first sign of keratin ultrastructure and is usually found at approximately the same level as the tip of the dermal papilla in the cortex. These intermediate diameter filaments are always seen as tightly aligned bundles. As cortex cells move into Zone B, the Henle layer hardens, determining the final fiber diameter and shape (inner root sheath). In Zone C (the starting point of the keratinization region), the final shape and position are maintained. From this, it is suggested that KRT85 expression is directly correlated with the quality of the hair shaft, and an increase in KRT85 expression results in an increase in the cross-sectional area of the hair.

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0040] The inventors of the present invention surprisingly found that sandal pentanol is effective in improving hair structure. Sandal pentanol is used, optionally, in combination with caffeine and / or in combination with one or more C10 - C18 fatty acids. The inventors of the present invention surprisingly found that sandal pentanol and caffeine and / or one or more C10 - C18 fatty acids are synergistically effective in improving hair structure.

[0041] 1 Sandal pentanol Sandal pentanol is an active ingredient used in accordance with the present disclosure to improve hair structure. Sandal pentanol is a synthetic fragrance substance used as a raw material that mimics the scent of sandalwood. Sandal pentanol is an alcohol having a chemical structure completely different from the components contained in natural sandalwood oil. Sandalwood oil is usually extracted by steam distillation of wood obtained from mature sandalwood trees. The IUPAC name of sandal pentanol is 3-methyl-5-(2,2,3-trimethylcyclopent-3-en-1-yl)pentan-2-ol. Sandal pentanol has been shown to have a stimulating effect on the olfactory receptor OR2AT4 expressed in the epithelium of human hair follicles.

[0042] Analogs or derivatives of sandal pentanol are each considered to have a similar effect on improving hair structure and can be used in the present disclosure instead of or in addition to sandal pentanol. Examples of sandal pentanol analogs that are compatible as active ingredients include · (4Z)-3-methyl-5-(2,2,3-trimethylcyclopent-3-en-1-yl)penta-4-en-2-ol (sandal pentenol) · 1-methyl-2-((1,2,2-trimethylbicyclo(3.1.0)hex-3-yl)methyl)-cyclopropane-methanol (sandal cyclopropane) · (E)-3,3-dimethyl-5-(2,2,3-trimethylcyclopent-3-en-1-yl)penta-4-en-2-ol (santol pentenol) · 2-methyl-4-(2,2,3-trimethyl-3-cyclopenten-1-yl)butanol (sandal cyclopentane) · (E)-2-ethyl-4-(2,2,3-trimethylcyclopent-3-en-1-yl)but-2-en-1-ol (sandalrome) · (E)-2-methyl-4-(2,2,3-trimethyl-3-cyclopenten-1-yl)-2-buten-1-ol (sandal butenol) and the like.

[0043] According to an embodiment, the composition according to the present disclosure may include, in addition to sandal pentanol as an active ingredient, one or more of the aforementioned sandal pentanol analogs. When one or more sandal pentanol analogs are present, sandal pentanol + one or more sandal pentanol analogs are present in the total amount as described below for the case of sandal pentanol alone.

[0044] According to another embodiment, it is possible that the composition according to the present disclosure contains sandal pentanol as an active ingredient and substantially does not contain or does not contain the aforementioned sandal pentanol analogs.

[0045] According to a further embodiment, which is less preferred, the composition according to the present disclosure may contain one or more of the aforementioned sandal pentanol analogs instead of sandal pentanol as an active ingredient.

[0046] The amount of sandal pentanol in the composition according to the present disclosure is not so critically important. Typically, sandal pentanol will be present in an amount from 0.010 to 10.0 weight percent based on the weight of the composition. If the amount is less than 0.010 weight percent, there may be difficulty in achieving the effects pursued by the present disclosure. Using an amount exceeding 10.0 weight percent cannot further enhance the effect and contributes to an increase in the cost of the material resources used in the composition according to the present disclosure. According to an embodiment, sandal pentanol can be present in an amount from 0.050 to 5.0 weight percent based on the weight of the composition. According to a more specific embodiment, sandal pentanol can be present in an amount from 0.10 to 2.0 weight percent based on the weight of the composition. According to an even more specific embodiment, sandal pentanol can be present in an amount from 0.50 to 1.50 weight percent based on the weight of the composition.

[0047] When a sandanol pentanol analog is present in any form that either at least partially replaces sandal pentanol or is added to sandal pentanol, the total amount of one or more of sandal pentanol + sandal pentanol analog (as described above) is within the range described above for the case where sandal pentanol is exclusive.

[0048] 2 Optional additional active ingredients The compositions according to the present disclosure contain sandal pentanol, also known as sandalore, and as additional active ingredients, · caffeine, and · one or more saturated and / or unsaturated C10 - C18 fatty acids may further contain one or both of them.

[0049] Caffeine is an optional active ingredient used according to the present disclosure for improving hair structure. Caffeine is a plant alkaloid also known by the names theine, methyltheobromine, and guaranine. The IUPAC name is 1,3,7 - trimethylxanthine. Caffeine is a well - known stimulant present in, for example, not only coffee and black tea, but also cocoa solids, and products containing cocoa solids (especially dark chocolate) or kola nuts. Caffeine has a vasodilatory effect, thereby increasing the supply of blood and nutrients to the hair follicles. Studies have shown that caffeine enhances the elongation of the hair shaft, prolongs the duration of anagen (increases the hair growth phase), and stimulates the proliferation of keratin - producing cells, the hair matrix (increases keratin production).

[0050] The amount of caffeine in the composition according to the present disclosure is not so critically important. When caffeine is present, it will typically be present in an amount from 0.010 to 10.0 weight percent based on the weight of the composition. If the amount is less than 0.010 weight percent, the effects pursued by the present disclosure may be difficult to achieve. Using an amount in excess of 10.0 weight percent will not further enhance the effects and will contribute to an increase in the cost of the material resources used in the composition according to the present disclosure. According to an embodiment, caffeine can be present in an amount from 0.050 to 5.0 weight percent based on the weight of the composition. According to a more specific embodiment, caffeine can be present in an amount from 0.10 to 2.0 weight percent based on the weight of the composition. According to an even more specific embodiment, caffeine can be present in an amount from 0.50 to 1.5 weight percent based on the weight of the composition.

[0051] Another optional active ingredient used according to the present disclosure for improving hair structure is a C10-C18 fatty acid. The fatty acid optionally used for improving hair structure is one or more linear and / or branched saturated and / or unsaturated C10-C18 fatty acids. Typically, one or more C10-C18 fatty acids will be linear fatty acids. According to an embodiment, the C10-C18 fatty acid can be selected from capric acid (C10:0), lauric acid (C12:0), myristic acid (C14:0), isomyristic acid (C14:0), palmitic acid (C16:0), palmitoleic acid (C16:1), stearic acid (C18:0), oleic acid (C18:1), linoleic acid (C18:2), linolenic acid (C18:3), parinaric acid (C18:4), petroselinic acid (C18:1) or a combination thereof.

[0052] According to an embodiment, the C10-C18 fatty acid can include lauric acid (C12:0), myristic acid (C14:0), or a combination thereof. According to a specific embodiment, the C10-C18 fatty acid can be selected from lauric acid (C12:0), myristic acid (C14:0), or a combination thereof. For example, the fatty acid component of this active ingredient combination can be lauric acid (C12:0).

[0053] According to an embodiment, the fatty acid component can include one or more unsaturated fatty acids. According to an embodiment, the C10-C18 fatty acid can include palmitoleic acid (C16:1), oleic acid (C18:1), linoleic acid (C18:2), linolenic acid (C18:3), parinaric acid (C18:4), petroselinic acid (C18:1), or a combination thereof. For example, the fatty acid component can include linoleic acid (C18:2).

[0054] According to a specific embodiment, the fatty acid component can be selected from palmitoleic acid (C16:1), oleic acid (C18:1), linoleic acid (C18:2), linolenic acid (C18:3), parinaric acid (C18:4), petroselinic acid (C18:1), or a combination thereof. For example, the fatty acid component can be selected from palmitoleic acid (C16:1) and / or linoleic acid (C18:2).

[0055] When the fatty acid component includes one or more unsaturated fatty acids, each corresponding composition preferably includes an antioxidant for the purpose of reducing the autoxidation of double bonds.

[0056] According to an embodiment, the composition according to the present disclosure can substantially not contain or not contain unsaturated C10-C18 fatty acids. According to a specific embodiment, the composition according to the present disclosure can substantially not contain or not contain unsaturated fatty acids themselves.

[0057] When present, C10 - C18 fatty acids can exist in the form of free acids or in the form of cosmetically acceptable salts, such as alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts, ammonium salts or combinations thereof. For example, when present, C10 - C18 fatty acids can exist in the form of free acids.

[0058] The amount of C10 - C18 fatty acids in the composition according to the present disclosure is not so critically important. Typically, when present, C10 - C18 fatty acids will be present in an amount from 0.010 to 10.0 weight percent based on the weight of the composition. If the amount is less than 0.010 weight percent, the effects pursued by the present disclosure may be difficult to achieve. Using an amount in excess of 10.0 weight percent will not further enhance the effect and will contribute to an increase in the cost of the material resources used in the composition according to the present disclosure. Furthermore, when the amount of C10 - C18 fatty acids increases, a greater amount of surfactant is required, and as a result, there is a risk that the appearance or the feel when applied to the hair will become greasy. According to an embodiment, C10 - C18 fatty acids can be present in an amount from 0.050 to 5.0 weight percent based on the weight of the composition. According to a more specific embodiment, C10 - C18 fatty acids can be present in an amount from 0.10 to 2.0 weight percent based on the weight of the composition. According to an even more specific embodiment, C10 - C18 fatty acids can be present in an amount from 0.50 to 1.5 weight percent based on the weight of the composition.

[0059] 3 Relative amounts of active ingredients in the combination Typically, sandal pentanol will be present in an amount from 0.010 to 10.0 weight percent, based on the weight of the composition. When caffeine is present, caffeine will typically be present in an amount from 0.010 to 10.0 weight percent, based on the weight of the composition. When one or more C10-C18 fatty acids are present, the C10-C18 fatty acids will typically be present in an amount from 0.010 to 2.0 weight percent, based on the weight of the composition. For simplicity, based on the weight of the composition, sandal pentanol will be present in an amount from 0.10 to 5.0 weight percent, caffeine will be present in an amount from 0.10 to 5.0 weight percent, and one or more C10-C18 fatty acids will be present in an amount from 0.050 to 3.0 weight percent.

[0060] According to an embodiment, based on the weight of the composition, sandal pentanol will be present in an amount from 0.50 to 2.0 weight percent, caffeine will be present in an amount from 0.50 to 2.0 weight percent, and one or more C10-C18 fatty acids will be present in an amount from 0.10 to 2.0 weight percent. According to a more specific embodiment, based on the weight of the composition, sandal pentanol will be present in an amount from 0.80 to 1.50 weight percent, caffeine will be present in an amount from 0.80 to 1.50 weight percent, and one or more C10-C18 fatty acids will be present in an amount from 0.10 to 1.0 weight percent.

[0061] According to embodiments comprising a combination of sandal pentanol, caffeine and / or one or more C10-C18 fatty acids, the weight ratio of sandal pentanol to caffeine may be from 1:2 to 2:1, more particularly from 1:1.5 to 1.5:1, especially from 1:1.2 to 1.2:1. In such embodiments, the weight ratio of sandal pentanol to one or more C10-C18 fatty acids may be from 10:1 to 1:1, more particularly from 8:1 to 1.5:1, especially from 5:1 to 2:1. Further, the weight ratio of caffeine to one or more C10-C18 fatty acids may similarly be from 10:1 to 1:1, more particularly from 8:1 to 1.5:1, especially from 5:1 to 2:1. Since the molecular weights of sandal pentanol, caffeine and C10-C18 fatty acids are relatively close, the molar ratio will be a value close to the weight ratio.

[0062] 4 Optional additional beneficial components The compositions according to the present disclosure can optionally contain additional components that enhance, supplement or expand the benefits obtained by sandal pentanol alone or in combination with active ingredients. Such additional optional components will hereinafter be referred to as supportive components, oil components and mineral components. Supportive components encompass a wide range of substances that have diverse effects on physiological or metabolic processes. Oil components encompass natural essential oils and modified oils. Modified oils include, in particular, hydrogenated oils and oil constituents. Mineral components encompass water-soluble or alcohol-soluble minerals.

[0063] According to embodiments, the compositions according to the present disclosure can further contain supportive components. Examples of such supportive components include, in particular, vasodilators, blood circulation stimulants, antioxidants, vitamins, provitamins. When supportive components or combinations thereof are present, the amount will range from 0.0010 to 5.0 weight percent, especially from 0.010 to 3.0 weight percent, based on the weight of the composition.

[0064] Supporting ingredients can include, for example, tocopherols, tocotrienols, tocopherol esters, nicotinic acid, nicotinamides, nicotinic acid esters, vasodilatory plant extracts, camphor, royal jelly, biotin, vitamin B3, vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin D2, vitamin D3, vitamin E, vitamin K1, vitamin K2, panthenol (provitamin B5), omega-3 fatty acids, omega-6 fatty acids, folates, cannabidiol, one or more of the amino acids or combinations thereof.

[0065] According to embodiments, the supporting ingredients include vasodilators selected from tocopherols (α-, β-, γ- or δ-tocopherol), particularly α-tocopherol, tocopherol esters (examples include tocopherol acetate, tocopheryl succinate, tocopheryl nicotinate, tocopheryl poly(oxyethylene) succinate), nicotinic acid, nicotinamides, nicotinic acid esters, camphor; antioxidants such as vitamin C or polyphenols; testosterone-5-α-reductase inhibitors such as arachidonic acid which is an omega-6 fatty acid; substances that benefit hair health such as nicotinamide (niacinamide); or combinations thereof. According to embodiments, the supporting ingredients include tocopherol or tocopheryl acetate (vitamin E acetate) and / or niacinamide. Suitable vasodilatory plant extracts include nettle extract (Urtica Diocia) by combustion or distillation, horse chestnut extract (Aesculus Hippocastanum) by roasting, arnica extract (Arnica Montana) or hemp extract.

[0066] The oil component can include, for example, peppermint oil, rosemary essential oil, lavender essential oil, tea tree oil, ylang-ylang, thyme oil, cypress oil, clary sage essential oil, bergamot oil, jojoba oil, sunflower oil, hydrogenated olive oil ethylhexyl, or combinations thereof. When present, the oil component will be present in the composition of the present disclosure in an amount from 0.0010 to 1.0 weight percent, particularly from 0.010 to 0.50 weight percent, based on the weight of the composition.

[0067] According to an embodiment, examples of the oil component include peppermint oil and / or hydrogenated olive oil ethylhexyl.

[0068] Examples of the mineral component include metal ions that have a beneficial effect on the health of hair and / or the scalp. The mineral component can include, for example, iron, zinc, or combinations thereof. When present, the mineral component will be present in the composition of the present disclosure at a molar concentration of 0.0050 to 0.50, for example, 0.010 to 0.25.

[0069] The composition according to the present disclosure can include a supporting component, an oil component, or a mineral component, alone or in any combination.

[0070] 5 Solvent or Carrier System and pH Range The solvent system used in the composition of the present disclosure is water-based, alcohol-based, or water-alcohol-based. Typically, the solvent includes water and one or more monohydric and / or polyhydric C1-C4 alcohols. According to an embodiment, the solvent includes water and an alcohol selected from ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, glycerol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, or combinations thereof.

[0071] The solvent can further contain one or more solubilizing enhancers. A solubilizing enhancer is, of course, a substance intended to solubilize a compound that is not soluble or only partially soluble in the solvent at the concentration used in the composition. Generally, surfactants are cited as solubilizing enhancers. Surfactants include anionic, cationic, amphoteric and nonionic surfactants.

[0072] Anionic surfactants can be selected from the group consisting of salts of the following compounds (for example, alkaline salts, such as sodium salts, ammonium salts, amine salts, amino alcohol salts and magnesium salts, etc.), namely, alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl amide ether sulfates, alkyl aryl polyether sulfates, monoglyceride sulfates; alkyl sulfonates, alkyl phosphates, alkyl amide sulfonates, alkyl aryl sulfonates, α-olefin sulfonates, paraffin sulfonates; alkyl sulfosuccinates, alkyl ether sulfosuccinates, alkyl amide sulfosuccinates; alkyl sulfosuccinamates; alkyl sulfoacetates; alkyl ether phosphates; acyl sarcosinates; acyl isethionates; N-acyl taurates; and mixtures thereof. All alkyl or acyl radicals of these various compounds contain, for example, from 8 to 24 carbon atoms, and aryl substituents are selected, for example, from phenyl and benzyl groups. Weak anionic surfactants, such as alkyl-D-galactosiduronic acid and its salts, and polyoxyalkylenated (C 6 ~C 24 ) alkyl ether carboxylic acids, polyoxyalkylenated (C 6 ~C 24 ) alkyl aryl ether carboxylic acids, polyoxyalkylenated (C 6 ~C 24)Alkylamide ether carboxylic acids and their salts, for example those containing from 2 to 50 ethylene oxide groups, and mixtures thereof can also be used. Anionic derivatives of polysaccharides, such as carboxyalkyl ethers of alkyl polyglucosides, can also be used.

[0073] Suitable anionic surfactants can contain at least one anionic functional group selected from sulfate, sulfonate, phosphate, and carboxylate in their head. To avoid overlap with the active ingredient combinations of the present disclosure, anionic surfactants for use in the compositions according to the present disclosure exclude fatty acids or their salts.

[0074] Suitable alkyl sulfates include ammonium lauryl sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate (sodium dodecyl sulfate, SLS or SDS), and alkyl ether sulfates such as sodium laureth sulfate (sodium lauryl ether sulfate or SLES) and sodium myreth sulfate.

[0075] Further suitable anionic surfactants can include dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (docusate), alkyl-aryl ether phosphate, alkyl ether phosphate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, ammonium laureth sulfate, disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate, and sodium lauryl sulfoacetate.

[0076] Preferred anionic surfactants can be selected from the group consisting of sodium lauryl ether sulfate, sodium laureth sulfate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, ammonium laureth sulfate, ammonium dodecyl sulfate, alkylbenzene sulfonate, and combinations thereof.

[0077] The surfactant can be a nonionic surfactant. The nonionic surfactant can be selected from the group consisting of lanolin alcohol, polyoxyethylene ethers of fatty alcohols, and mixtures thereof. The nonionic surfactant can preferably be ceteth-n [where n is from 2 to 100, or from 10 to 30]. Suitable nonionic surfactants are well-known compounds (for which reference may be made, for example, to "Handbook of Surfactants", by M.R. Porter, published by Blackie & Son (Glasgow and London), 1991, pages 116 - 178).

[0078] Preferred surfactants include nonionic surfactants, particularly those containing polyoxyethylated fatty alcohols or oils. Particularly preferred nonionic surfactants include polyoxyethylated castor oil and hydrogenated polyoxylated castor oil. Specific examples of nonionic surfactants that can be used in the compositions of the present disclosure are PEG - 35 castor oil, PEG - 40 hydrogenated castor oil, and combinations thereof.

[0079] The compositions of the present disclosure can have a pH in the range from 3.0 to 8.0. According to an embodiment, the pH can be in the range from 4.0 to 6.5, for example in the range from 4.5 to 6.0.

[0080] 6 Optional cosmetically acceptable additives The composition according to the present disclosure can optionally contain cosmetically acceptable additives, such additives being capable of contributing to the achievement or enhancement of the desired properties or effects. According to an embodiment, the cosmetically acceptable additives are fragrances, opacifiers, preservatives, pH adjusters, chelating agents, hair care materials or skin care materials, physiologically compatible silicone derivative compounds, light protecting agents, anti-flaking agents, hair luster-imparting agents, combability improving agents, degreasing agents, moisturizers, conditioning agents, viscosity modifiers, cooling agents. The cosmetically acceptable additives can be used in any combination as desired or necessary.

[0081] For cosmetically acceptable additives that are compatible but not specifically described below, there is a list in the International Cosmetics Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook (8th Edition, The Cosmetics, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association). In particular, Volume 2, Chapters 3 (Chemical Classes) and 4 (Functions) are useful in identifying specific additives for achieving certain purposes or multiple purposes. Some of these additives are discussed below, but the disclosure is of course non-exhaustive.

[0082] For the suitable amount ranges of fragrance, opacifier, preservative, pH adjuster, chelating agent, hair care material or skin care material, physiologically compatible silicone derivative compound, sunscreen, anti-peeling agent, hair gloss enhancer, combability improver, degreaser, moisturizing substance, conditioning agent, viscosity modifier, and coolant, they are shown for each additive discussed below. These cosmetically acceptable additives can be present in a total amount of up to 20.0 weight percent, particularly up to 15.0 weight percent, based on the weight of the composition. Typically, the total amount of these cosmetically acceptable additives can be in the range of 0.010 to 10.0 weight percent, conveniently in the range of 0.010 to 7.0 weight percent, based on the weight of the composition. For example, the total amount of these cosmetically acceptable additives can be in the range of 0.010 to 5.0 weight percent, conveniently in the range of 0.010 to 3.0 weight percent, based on the weight of the composition.

[0083] 6.1 Fragrance or Perfuming Agent The composition according to the present disclosure can include a fragrance or a perfuming agent. For example, the composition can include a fragrance in an amount from 0.0010 to 1.50 weight percent, particularly 0.010 to 0.50 weight percent, based on the weight of the composition. The fragrance can provide a richer user experience by making the composition smell pleasant and / or evoking emotions such as, for example, a relaxing or uplifting smell.

[0084] Alternatively, the composition according to the present disclosure can also be substantially free of a fragrance and / or a perfuming agent. There are also consumers who prefer a composition without a fragrance.

[0085] The fragrance can be an animal-derived perfuming agent or a plant-derived perfuming agent. The animal-derived perfuming agent can be selected from the group consisting of musk oil, civet, castoreum, ambergris, and mixtures thereof.

[0086] The plant-based perfume can be selected from the group consisting of nutmeg extract, cardomon extract, ginger extract, cinnamon extract, patchouli oil, geranium oil, orange oil, mandarin oil, orange flower extract, cedarwood, vetiver, lavandin, ylang extract, musk extract, sandalwood oil, bergamot oil, rosemary oil, spearmint oil, peppermint oil, lemon oil, lavender oil, citronella oil, chamomille oil, clove oil, sage oil, neroli oil, labdanum oil, eucalyptus oil, verbena oil, mimosa extract, narcissus extract, carrot seed extract, jasmine extract, olibanum extract, rose extract and mixtures thereof.

[0087] The fragrances are acetophenone, adoxal, aldehyde C-12, aldehyde C-14, aldehyde C-18, allyl caprylate, ambroxan, amyl acetate, dimethyl indane derivative, α-amyl cinnamic aldehyde, anethole, anisaldehyde, benzaldehyde, benzyl acetate, benzyl alcohol and ester derivative, benzyl propionate, benzyl salicylate, borneol, butyl acetate, camphor, carbitol, cinnamaldehyde, cinnamyl acetate, cinnamyl alcohol, cis-3-hexanol and ester derivative, cis-3-hexenyl methyl carbonate, citral, citronnellol and ester derivative, cuminaldehyde, cyclamen aldehyde, cyclo galbanate, damascone, decalactone, decanol, estragole, dihydromyrcenol, dimethyl benzyl carbinol, 6,It can contain one or more scents selected from the group consisting of 8-dimethyl-2-nonanol, dimethylbenzylcarbinyl butyrate, ethyl acetate, ethyl isobutyrate, ethyl butyrate, ethyl propionate, ethyl caprylate, ethyl cinnamate, ethyl hexanoate, ethyl valerate, ethyl vanillin, eugenol, exaltolide, fencon, fruity ester such as ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, galaxolide, etc., geraniol and ester derivatives, helional, 2-heptonone, hexenol, α-hexylcinnamic aldehyde, hydroxycitrolnellal, indole, isoamyl acetate, isoeugenol acetate, ionone, isoeugenol, isoamyl isovalerate, iso E super, limonene, linalool, lilial, linalyl acetate, lyral, majantol, mayol, melonal, menthol, p-methylacetophenone, methyl anthranilate, methyl cedrylone, methyl dihydrojasmonate, methyl eugenol, methyl ionone, methyl-α-naphthyl ketone, methylphenylcarbinyl acetate, mugetanol, γ-nonalactone, octanal, phenylethyl acetate, phenylacetaldehyde dimethyl acetate, phenoxyethyl isobutyrate, phenylethyl alcohol, pinene, sandaloa, santalol, stemone, thymol, terpene, triplal, triethyl citrate, 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexanol, γ-undecalactone, undecenal, vanillin, veloutone, verdox and mixtures thereof.,

[0088] 6.2 Opacifying agent or turbidity-inducing agent The compositions according to the present disclosure can include an opacifying agent. The opacifying agent may also be represented by the term "turbidity inducer". For example, the composition can include the opacifying agent in an amount from 0.10 to 5.0 weight percent, particularly 0.50 to 2.0 weight percent, based on the weight of the composition. Suitable opacifying agents include mineral pigments such as titanium dioxide, alumina, calcium carbonate, and the like. Other suitable opacifying agents include fatty alcohols and fatty acid esters such as cetearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, ethylene glycol distearate, glyceryl stearate, glyceryl oleate, stearyl stearate, and the like.

[0089] 6.3 Preservatives The compositions according to the present disclosure can include a preservative or a mixture of preservatives. The composition can include the preservative in an amount up to 1.0 weight percent, for example from 0.0010 to 1.0 weight percent, particularly from 0.010 to 0.50 weight percent, based on the weight of the composition. Cosmetically acceptable preservatives include organic acids such as p-hydroxybenzoic acid; organic acid salts such as sodium benzoate; compounds such as benzyl alcohol, phenoxyethanol, 1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-5,5-dimethylimidazolidine-2,4-dione; and mixtures thereof.

[0090] 6.4 pH Adjusting Agents The compositions according to the present disclosure can include a pH adjuster and / or a buffering agent in an amount sufficient to effectively modify the pH of the composition. For example, the composition can include up to 1.0 weight percent of a pH adjuster, such as from 0.000010 to 1.0 weight percent, particularly 0.0010 to 0.50 weight percent, based on the weight of the composition. Examples of pH adjusters and / or buffering agents suitable for use in the present invention include, but are not limited to, ammonia, alkanolamines such as monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, monopropanolamine, dipropanolamine, tripropanolamine, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol and 2-amino-2-hydroxymethyl-1,3-propanediol and guanidium salts, hydroxides and carbonates of alkali metals and ammonium such as sodium hydroxide, sodium silicate, sodium metasilicate and ammonium carbonate, and acids such as organic and inorganic acids, for example ascorbic acid, citric acid, acetic acid or tartaric acid, phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid, and mixtures thereof.

[0091] Preferred alkaline pH adjusters include ammonia, ethanolamines and alkali metal hydroxides, particularly sodium hydroxide. Preferred acidic pH adjusters include hydrochloric acid, ascorbic acid or citric acid.

[0092] 6.5 Chelating agent The compositions according to the present disclosure can further comprise one or more chelating agents (also known as “chelating agents”, “metal ion sequestering agents” or “metal ion sequestering substances”) in an amount sufficient to reduce the amount of metal that can interact with the formulation ingredients. Chelating agents are well known in the art, and a non-exhaustive list thereof can be found in AE Martell & RM Smith, Critical Stability Constants, Volume 1, Plenum Press, New York & London (1974) and AE Martell & RD Hancock, Metal Complexes in Aqueous Solution, Plenum Press, New York & London (1996). Typically, the composition can comprise one or more chelating agents in a total amount from 0.0010 to 1.0 weight percent, particularly from 0.010 to 0.50 weight percent, based on the weight of the composition.

[0093] One or more chelating agents can be selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acids (such as aminocarboxylic acids), phosphonic acids (such as aminophosphonic acids), polyphosphoric acids (such as linear polyphosphoric acids), salts thereof, and mixtures thereof.

[0094] “Salts thereof” and “salts of these” mean, in the context of a chelating agent, all salts that contain the same functional structure as the chelating agent, including alkali metal salts, alkaline earth salts, ammonium salts, substituted ammonium salts and mixtures thereof; or sodium salts, potassium salts, calcium salts, magnesium salts, ammonium salts and mixtures thereof; or monoethanolammonium salts, diethanolammonium salts, triethanolammonium salts and mixtures thereof, and include.

[0095] One or more chelating agents may be one or more aminocarboxylic acid chelating agents containing one or more carboxylic acid moieties (-COOH) and one or more nitrogen atoms. The one or more aminocarboxylic acid chelating agents may be selected from the group consisting of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), ethylenediaminedisuccinic acid (EDDS), ethylenediamine-N,N'-diglutaric acid (EDDG), 2-hydroxypropylenediamine-N-N'-disuccinic acid (HPDDS), glycineamide-N,N'-disuccinic acid (GADS), ethylenediamine-N-N'-diglutaric acid (EDDG), 2-hydroxypropylenediamine-N-N'-disuccinic acid (HPDDS), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), ethylenedicysteic acid (EDC), ethylenediamine-N-N'-bis(ortho-hydroxyphenylacetic acid) (EDDHA), diaminoalkyldi(sulfosuccinic acid) (DDS), N,N'-bis(2-hydroxybenzyl)ethylenediamine-N,N'-diacetic acid (HBED), salts thereof, and mixtures thereof. For simplicity, when used in the compositions according to the present disclosure, the chelating agent may be EDTA.

[0096] 6.6 Viscosity modifier or rheology modifier The compositions according to the present disclosure can include a viscosity modifier. Viscosity modifiers are also referred to in the art as "thickeners". When such a viscosity modifier is present, it will typically be used in the composition in an amount from 0.010 to 3.0 weight percent, particularly from 0.50 to 1.0 weight percent, based on the weight of the composition. Suitable cosmetically acceptable viscosity modifiers include nonionic polymers, such as polysaccharides, for example cellulose, cellulose gum or xanthan gum, and nonionic viscosity modifiers based on polyether-1, such as the commercially available viscosity modifier Pure Thix 1442.

[0097] 6.7 Further cosmetically acceptable additives The composition according to the present disclosure can further include care materials, such as plant or vegetable extracts that provide hair care or skin care, cationic polymers, or cationic surfactants, etc. The typical amount of the care material in the composition according to the present disclosure will range from 0.010 to 5.0 weight percent, particularly in the range of 0.050 to 2.0 weight percent, based on the weight of the composition.

[0098] Possible additional cosmetically acceptable additives present in the composition according to the present disclosure include · Physiologically compatible silicone derivative compounds, such as volatile or non-volatile silicones or high molecular weight siloxane polymers, for example, quaternium-80, etc., and are typically used in an amount from 0.05 to 20 weight percent, particularly from 0.10 to 5.0 weight percent, based on the weight of the composition. · Sunscreen agents, such as octyl methoxycinnamate, etc. · Anti-peeling agents, typically used in an amount of about 0.01 to 2 weight percent. · Hair gloss agents, such as phenyltrimethicone, etc. · Combing improvers, such as cationic surfactants, for example behentrimonium chloride, etc., or cationic polymers, for example polyquaternium-10, etc. · Degreasing agents · Conditioning agents · Moisturizing agents, such as sodium lactate, sodium PCA, glycine, fructose, urea, niacinamide, inositol, etc. · Cooling agents, such as menthol, eucalyptol, geraniol, linalool, isopulegol, cubedol, p-menthane-3,8-diol, hydroxycitronellal, and esters and derivatives thereof, etc.; ketones, such as mentone and carvone, etc.; carboxamides, or evaporative cooling agents may be mentioned.

[0099] Cosmetically acceptable additives can be used in any combination in the compositions according to the present disclosure, as desired or necessary.

[0100] 7 Substances that may be excluded The compositions according to the present disclosure can be substantially free or free of certain substances or classes of chemical compounds.

[0101] According to an embodiment, the composition according to the present disclosure can be substantially free of biotin. According to an embodiment, the composition according to the present disclosure can be free of biotin. According to certain embodiments, the concentration of biotin can be less than 5 ppm by weight.

[0102] According to an embodiment, the composition according to the present disclosure can be substantially free of quaternary ammonium compounds. According to an embodiment, the composition according to the present disclosure can be free of quaternary ammonium compounds. According to certain embodiments, the concentration of quaternary ammonium compounds can be less than 5 ppm by weight.

[0103] According to an embodiment, the composition according to the present disclosure can be substantially free of silicone. According to an embodiment, the composition according to the present disclosure can be free of silicone. According to certain embodiments, the concentration of silicone can be less than 5 ppm by weight.

[0104] According to an embodiment, the composition according to the present disclosure can be substantially free of quaternary ammonium compounds and silicone. According to an embodiment, the composition according to the present disclosure can be free of quaternary ammonium compounds and silicone. According to certain embodiments, the concentration of quaternary ammonium compounds and silicone can be less than 5 ppm by weight.

[0105] According to an embodiment, the polymeric compound that is exclusively present in the composition according to the present disclosure is a film-forming polymer. In other words, according to an embodiment, the composition according to the present disclosure can be substantially free of non-film-forming polymers. According to an embodiment, the composition according to the present disclosure can be free of non-film-forming polymers. According to certain embodiments, the concentration of non-film-forming polymers can be less than 5 ppm by weight.

[0106] According to an embodiment, the composition according to the present disclosure can be substantially free of or free of non-film-forming polymers selected from acrylate / steareth-20 methacrylate copolymers, carbomers, polyacrylamides, hydroxyethylcellulose, xanthan gum, and polymers having similar chemical properties.

[0107] According to an embodiment, the composition according to the present disclosure can be substantially free of or free of unsaturated fatty acids.

[0108] 8 Specific embodiments of the composition Embodiments of the composition according to the present disclosure formulated as a liquid formulation or an aerosol formulation are described below.

[0109] 8.1 Embodiments of liquid formulations According to an embodiment, the composition according to the present disclosure can be formulated as a liquid formulation. This liquid formulation can have a conventional base for cosmetic compositions, such as an aqueous base, an alcoholic base, or an aqueous-alcoholic base. The composition in the form of a liquid formulation can, for example, contain 70.0 to 99.5 weight percent of a water-alcohol-based solvent (in addition to sandal pentanol or active ingredient combinations). In particular, the composition in the form of a liquid formulation can contain a water-alcohol-based solvent, for example, 90.0 to 99.0 weight percent, for example, 92.0 to 98.0 weight percent, based on the weight of the composition.

[0110] The composition in the form of a liquid preparation can contain, for example, water in an amount of at least 10% by weight based on the weight of the composition and alcohol in an amount of at least 20% by weight based on the weight of the composition. The solvent can include, for example, lower monohydric alcohols suitable for cosmetic purposes, such as ethanol, n-propanol, and isopropanol, etc., or polyhydric alcohols, such as glycerol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, etc., or combinations thereof. The composition in the form of a liquid preparation can further contain a solubilizing enhancer, such as a nonionic surfactant, etc. The pH of the composition in the form of a liquid preparation can be within the range from 3 to 7, particularly within the range from 4 to 6.5, for example, within the range from 4.5 to 6. The composition in the form of a liquid preparation can be a hair tonic.

[0111] According to an embodiment, the composition in the form of a liquid preparation can contain a water-based solvent and one or more surfactants in an amount of 5.0 to 25.0% by weight based on the weight of the composition, where the surfactant includes at least one anionic surfactant. The composition in the form of a liquid preparation can be a shampoo.

[0112] According to an embodiment, the composition in the form of a liquid preparation can contain an alcohol-based or water-alcohol-based solvent and one or more surfactants in an amount of 5.0 to 45.0% by weight based on the weight of the composition, where the surfactant includes at least one anionic surfactant. The solvent can include, for example, lower monohydric alcohols suitable for cosmetic purposes, such as ethanol, n-propanol, and isopropanol, etc., or polyhydric alcohols, such as glycerol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, etc., or combinations thereof. The composition in the form of a liquid preparation can be a shampoo.

[0113] 8.2 Embodiments of Aerosol Preparations According to an embodiment, the composition according to the present disclosure can be formulated as an aerosol preparation. The composition in the form of an aerosol preparation may contain a blend of starch particles and an alcohol-based solvent, for example, in an amount of from 70.0 to 99.5 weight percent, particularly from 90.0 to 99.0 weight percent, for example from 92.0 to 98.0 weight percent, based on the weight of the composition (in addition to sandal pentanol or the active ingredient combination).

[0114] The starch can be derived from any plant, such as potato, rice, corn or tapioca. According to an embodiment, the starch may be rice starch, tapioca starch or a combination thereof. The starch particles may be hydrophobically modified starch particles, unmodified starch particles or a combination thereof.

[0115] The alcohol-based solvent can include, for example, lower monohydric alcohols suitable for cosmetic purposes, such as ethanol, n-propanol and isopropanol, or polyhydric alcohols, such as glycerol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, etc., or a combination thereof. According to certain embodiments, the alcohol can be selected from ethanol and isopropanol.

[0116] This blend can further contain a propellant, such as propane, isobutane, n-butane, cyclopropane, etc., or a combination thereof. Propane can contain halogenated hydrocarbons, but is less preferred from an environmental concern perspective. The propellant is preferably miscible with the alcohol-based solvent.

[0117] The blend of the present composition in the form of an aerosol formulation can further contain inorganic particles. Such inorganic particles act as a dispersant for suspending any dispersed solid or liquid within the composition. Incorporating inorganic particles into the aerosol composition can prevent the separation of starch particles during precipitation when not in use, thereby preventing the formation of particle aggregates that are difficult to mechanically disrupt (by shaking). Examples of inorganic particles compatible with the aerosol blend include silica, clay, and mixtures thereof. For example, hydrophilic fumed silica particles with a total surface area greater than 100 m2 / g are compatible as the inorganic particles for this aerosol blend.

[0118] According to an embodiment, the present blend can contain, based on the weight of the blend, from 5.0 to 12.0 weight percent starch particles, from 30.0 to 50.0 weight percent alcohol-based solvent, from 40.0 to 60.0 weight percent propellant, and optionally from 0.50 to 1.0 weight percent inorganic particles. According to a more specific embodiment, the present blend can contain, based on the weight of the blend, from 7.0 to 10.0 weight percent starch particles, from 33.0 to 38.0 weight percent alcohol-based solvent, from 52.0 to 60.0 weight percent propellant, and optionally from 0.60 to 0.90 weight percent inorganic particles.

[0119] According to an embodiment, the present composition in the form of an aerosol formulation can be a dry shampoo.

[0120] 8.3 Scalp and Hair Treatment Products According to an embodiment, the composition according to the present disclosure can be formulated as an immediately usable scalp and hair treatment product. For example, the composition according to the present disclosure can be an immediately usable scalp and hair treatment product selected from hair tonics, hair lotions, hair conditioners, hair creams, hair shampoos, dry shampoos, hair rinses, hair liquids, hair oils, hair pomades, hair foams, hair sprays. The immediately usable scalp and hair treatment product can also be used on the skin area including facial hair, or a similar product can be formulated for the skin area including facial hair. When referring to the "scalp" hereinafter, it should be understood that such reference applies equally to a part of the scalp area, or the skin area including facial hair, or a part of the skin area including facial hair.

[0121] According to a preferred embodiment, the composition according to the present disclosure is left on the scalp for a time sufficient to elicit the effect of sandal pentanol or the active ingredient combination according to the present disclosure after application. For example, the present composition can be left on the scalp (or the skin area including facial hair) for at least 5 minutes, for example at least 15 minutes. The present composition can be left on the scalp for at least 30 minutes, for example at least 60 minutes.

[0122] According to a preferred embodiment, the immediately usable scalp and hair treatment product is a leave-on product. A leave-on product is a product that is applied to the hair and / or scalp (or the skin area including facial hair) and is not subsequently removed actively.

[0123] 9 Methods and Uses Sandal pentanol or the composition according to the present disclosure can be used according to a method in which sandal pentanol or the present composition is applied to at least a part of the scalp area or at least a part of the skin area including facial hair. Briefly, sandal pentanol or the present composition can be applied to at least a part of the scalp area or at least a part of the skin area including facial hair and then or simultaneously allowed to soak in gently.

[0124] Sandal pentanol or the composition according to the present disclosure is applied in an amount sufficient to obtain the desired effect. In particular, sandal pentanol or the present composition can deliver an effective amount of sandal pentanol or an active ingredient combination by being applied to at least a part of the scalp region or at least a part of the skin region including facial hair. For example, sandal pentanol or the composition according to the present disclosure can deliver an effective amount of sandal pentanol or an active ingredient combination daily by being applied to at least a part of the scalp region or at least a part of the skin region including facial hair once, twice, or even three or more times per day. For example, sandal pentanol or the composition according to the present disclosure can be applied once or twice per day (24 hours) to at least a part of the scalp region or at least a part of the skin region including facial hair.

[0125] Sandal pentanol or the composition according to the present disclosure is left on at least a part of the scalp region or at least a part of the skin region including facial hair for a time sufficient to obtain the desired effect. In particular, sandal pentanol or the present composition can be used as a leave-on product that is not rinsed off or washed off, or at least not immediately, after being applied to the hair and / or at least a part of the scalp region and / or at least a part of the skin region including facial hair.

[0126] A further subject of the present disclosure is the use of sandal pentanol or a composition according to the present disclosure for improving hair structure. For example, the present invention contemplates using sandal pentanol or a composition according to the present disclosure to improve hair structure, where improving hair structure includes increasing the cross-sectional area of the hair. Further, the present invention contemplates using sandal pentanol or a composition according to the present disclosure to improve hair structure, where improving hair structure includes increasing the expression of keratin, particularly the expression of keratin 85. Further, the present invention contemplates using sandal pentanol or a composition according to the present disclosure to improve hair structure affected by hair thinning associated with aging.

[0127] 9 Determination method 9.1 Cross-sectional area The "cross-sectional area" or "diameter" of a hair is determined by the diameter obtained by microscopically sectioning the newly formed hair shaft in the keratinizing region (at a distance of about 200 to 350 μm from the "germ matrix"). In ex vivo skin cultures and treatments of human scalp, 6 mm skin punch pieces (hairy skin obtained from healthy donors) are prepared according to the hair growth direction and maintained under normal oxygen pressure (37 °C, 5% CO 2 ) conditions. After the cultures are left standing (and then held) at the Air-Liquid Interphase for 24 hours, local treatment is performed twice (day1 and day3). The punch pieces are embedded in optimal cutting temperature compound and cryosectioned (7 μm sections) when the ex vivo culture has been carried out for 5 days. For each hair follicle (HF), the average value is calculated from 5 independent measurements.

[0128] 9.2 Keratin 85 expression The expression of keratin 85 (KRT85) is determined by the fluorescence intensity of the precortical hair matrix using a fluorescence microscope at 20X magnification. Skin sections were co-stained overnight at 4 °C using guinea pig anti-KRT85 antibody (Progen, 1:200), followed by DAPI (IUPAC: 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) counterstaining to visualize the nuclei. Using Image J software, the arithmetic mean of the KRT85 expression values was calculated for each donor within all hair follicles, and the fold change value relative to the vehicle group was determined.

Example

[0129] The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention claimed in the accompanying documents in more detail, and the details of these examples should not be regarded as limiting the "claims" appended hereto.

[0130] Example 1 Cross-sectional area Example 1 demonstrates that treatment with sandalwood alone or in combination with caffeine and lauric acid increases the cross-sectional area or hair shaft diameter compared to the "vehicle", i.e., the negative control. In ex vivo skin cultures of human scalp, punch pieces (hairy skin obtained from human donors) were treated topically twice (day 1 and day 3) and analyzed by crysectioning after 5 days. The mean value for each hair follicle (HF) was calculated from 5 independent measurements, and all mean values were arithmetically averaged by the total number of hair follicles (#HFs) measured. The results are shown in the following table. TIFF2025516920000001.tif29170

[0131] Sandalwood alone significantly increases the hair shaft diameter compared to the vehicle. The combination of sandalwood, caffeine, and lauric acid increases the hair shaft diameter by 6.5%, slightly exceeding the treatment with sandalwood alone.

[0132] Example 2 Keratin 85 expression Example 2 demonstrates that sandalore increased KRT85 expression by performing fluorescence intensity measurement on the staining of the anterior cortex hair matrix with guinea pig anti-KRT85 antibody (Progen, 1:200) contrasted with DAPI. The average KRT85 expression value expressed as the fold change value relative to the vehicle group of sandalore was significantly high. TIFF2025516920000002.tif28170

[0133] The change in KRT85 expression achieved by the combination of sandalore, caffeine, and lauric acid is greater compared to sandalore alone. In particular, the increase in KRT85 expression achieved by the combination of sandalore, caffeine, and lauric acid is 40% higher than that of the vehicle group.

[0134] The following statements further illustrate the present invention. Statement 1 A composition for improving hair structure, comprising sandal pentanol (3-methyl-5-(2,2,3-trimethylcyclopent-3-en-1-yl)pentan-2-ol). Statement 2 The composition according to Statement 1, wherein improving the hair structure comprises increasing the cross-sectional area of the hair. Statement 3 The composition according to Statement 1 or 2, wherein improving the hair structure comprises increasing the expression of keratin. Statement 4 The composition according to Statement 3, wherein improving the hair structure comprises increasing the expression of keratin 85. Statement 5 The composition according to any one of Statements 1 to 4 for improving the hair structure affected by hair thinning associated with aging. Statement 6 The composition according to any one of Statements 1 to 5, further comprising caffeine, one or more saturated and / or unsaturated C10-C18 fatty acids, or a combination thereof. Statement 7 The composition according to item 6, wherein the C10-C18 fatty acid is selected from capric acid (C10:0), lauric acid (C12:0), myristic acid (C14:0), isomyristic acid (C14:0), palmitic acid (C16:0), palmitoleic acid (C16:1), stearic acid (C18:0), oleic acid (C18:1), linoleic acid (C18:2), linolenic acid (C18:3), parinaric acid (C18:4), petroselinic acid (C18:1) or a combination thereof. Item 8 The composition according to item 6 or 7, wherein the C10-C18 fatty acid contains lauric acid (C12:0), myristic acid (C14:0) or a combination thereof. Item 9 The composition according to any one of items 6 to 8, wherein the C10-C18 fatty acid contains palmitoleic acid (C16:1), oleic acid (C18:1), linoleic acid (C18:2), linolenic acid (C18:3), parinaric acid (C18:4), petroselinic acid (C18:1) or a combination thereof. Item 10 The composition according to any one of items 6 to 8, wherein the composition substantially does not contain unsaturated C10-C18 fatty acids. Item 11 The composition according to any one of items 6 to 10, wherein the C10-C18 fatty acid is present in the form of a free acid, an alkali metal salt, an alkaline earth metal salt, an ammonium salt or a combination thereof. In particular, the fatty acid is present in the form of a free acid. Item 12 The composition according to any one of items 6 to 11, wherein one or more C10-C18 fatty acids are present in an amount from 0.010 to 10.0 weight percent, in particular from 0.10 to 2.0 weight percent, based on the weight of the composition. Item 13 The composition according to any one of items 6 to 12, wherein caffeine is present in an amount from 0.010 to 10.0 weight percent, in particular from 0.10 to 2.0 weight percent, based on the weight of the composition. Item 14 The composition according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 13, wherein sandal pentanol is present in an amount from 0.010 to 10.0 weight percent, particularly from 0.10 to 2.0 weight percent, based on the weight of the composition. Paragraph 15 The composition according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 14, comprising sandal pentanol in an amount from 0.50 to 2.0 weight percent, caffeine in an amount from 0.50 to 2.0 weight percent, and one or more C10-C18 fatty acids in an amount from 0.10 to 2.0 weight percent, each based on the weight of the composition. Paragraph 16 The composition according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 15, comprising sandal pentanol in an amount from 0.80 to 1.50 weight percent, caffeine in an amount from 0.80 to 1.50 weight percent, and one or more C10-C18 fatty acids in an amount from 0.10 to 1.0 weight percent, each based on the weight of the composition. Paragraph 17 The composition according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 16, comprising sandal pentanol and caffeine in a weight ratio of from 1:2 to 2:1, particularly from 1:1.5 to 1.5:1, for example from 1:1.2 to 1.2:1, based on sandal pentanol to caffeine. Paragraph 18 The composition according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 17, comprising sandal pentanol and one or more C10-C18 fatty acids in a weight ratio of from 10:1 to 1:1, particularly from 8:1 to 1.5:1, for example from 5:1 to 2:1, based on sandal pentanol to fatty acid. Paragraph 19 The composition according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 18, further comprising supportive components, particularly supportive components selected from vasodilators, blood circulation stimulants, antioxidants, vitamins, provitamins, and combinations thereof. Paragraph 20 The composition according to paragraph 19, wherein the supportive components are present in an amount from 0.0010 to 5.0 weight percent, particularly from 0.010 to 3.0 weight percent, based on the weight of the composition. Paragraph 21 The composition according to any one of claims 19 or 20, comprising one or more of the supported components selected from tocopherols, tocotrienols, tocopherol esters, nicotinic acid, nicotinamide, nicotinic acid esters, vasodilatory plant extracts, camphor, royal jelly, biotin, vitamin B3, vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin D2, vitamin D3, vitamin E, vitamin K1, vitamin K2, panthenol, ω-3 fatty acids, ω-6 fatty acids, folates, cannabidiol, one or more amino acids, or combinations thereof. Claim 22 The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 21, further comprising an oil component selected from peppermint oil, rosemary essential oil, lavender essential oil, tea tree oil, ylang-ylang, thyme oil, cedarwood oil, clarissa essential oil, bergamot oil, jojoba oil, sunflower oil, ethylhexyl hydrogenated olive oil, or combinations thereof. Claim 23 The composition according to claim 22, wherein the oil component is present in an amount from 0.0010 to 1.0 weight percent, particularly from 0.010 to 0.50 weight percent, based on the weight of the composition. Claim 24 The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 23, further comprising a mineral component selected from iron, zinc, or combinations thereof. Claim 25 The composition according to claim 24, wherein the mineral component is present at a concentration of 0.0050 to 0.50 molar. Claim 26 The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 25, further comprising one or more cosmetically acceptable additives selected from fragrances, opacifiers, preservatives, pH adjusters, chelating agents, hair care materials or skin care materials, physiologically compatible silicone derivative compounds, sunscreen agents, anti-peeling agents, hair gloss agents, combability improvers, degreasing agents, moisturizing substances, conditioning agents, viscosity adjusters, cooling agents, or combinations thereof. Claim 27 The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 26, further comprising a solvent. Claim 28 The composition according to paragraph 27, wherein the solvent is water-based, alcohol-based or water-alcohol-based. Paragraph 29 The composition according to paragraph 27 or 28, wherein the solvent comprises water and an alcohol selected from ethanol, propanol, glycerol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol or a combination thereof. Paragraph 30 The composition according to any one of paragraphs 27 to 29, further comprising a solubilization enhancer. Paragraph 31 The composition according to paragraph 30, wherein the solubilization enhancer comprises one or more surfactants. Paragraph 32 The composition according to any one of paragraphs 27 to 31, having a pH in the range from 3.0 to 8.0, in particular in the range from 4.0 to 6.5, for example in the range from 4.5 to 6.0. Paragraph 33 The composition according to any one of paragraphs 27 to 32, comprising 70.0 to 99.5% by weight, in particular 90.0 to 99.0% by weight, for example 92.0 to 98.0% by weight of a water-alcohol-based solvent, based on the weight of the composition. Paragraph 34 The composition according to paragraph 33, comprising at least 10% by weight of water and at least 20% by weight of alcohol, based on the weight of the composition. Paragraph 35 The composition according to paragraph 33 or 34, wherein the solvent comprises an alcohol selected from ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, glycerol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol or a combination thereof. Paragraph 36 The composition according to any one of paragraphs 33 to 35, wherein the composition is a hair tonic. Paragraph 37 The composition according to any one of paragraphs 27 to 32, comprising 5.0 to 25.0% by weight of a water-based solvent and one or more surfactants, based on the weight of the composition, wherein the surfactant comprises at least one anionic surfactant. Detail 38 The composition according to Detail 37, wherein the composition is a shampoo. Detail 39 The composition according to any one of Details 27 to 32, comprising an alcohol-based or water-alcohol-based solvent and one or more surfactants in an amount of 5.0 to 45.0 weight percent based on the weight of the composition, wherein the surfactant comprises at least one anionic surfactant. Detail 40 The composition according to Detail 39, wherein the solvent comprises an alcohol selected from ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, glycerol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, or combinations thereof. Detail 41 The composition according to Detail 39 or 40, wherein the composition is a shampoo. Detail 42 The composition according to any one of Details 27 to 32, comprising a blend of starch particles and an alcohol-based solvent in an amount of 70.0 to 99.5 weight percent, particularly 90.0 to 99.0 weight percent, for example 92.0 to 98.0 weight percent, based on the weight of the composition. Detail 43 The composition according to Detail 42, wherein the blend further comprises a propellant. Detail 44 The composition according to Detail 42 or 43, wherein the blend further comprises inorganic particles. Detail 45 The composition according to any one of Details 42 to 44, wherein the blend comprises 5.0 to 12.0 weight percent starch particles, 30.0 to 50.0 weight percent alcohol-based solvent, 40.0 to 60.0 weight percent propellant, and optionally 0.50 to 1.0 weight percent inorganic particles, based on the weight of the blend. Detail 46 The blend contains, based on the weight of the blend, from 7.0 to 10.0 weight percent of starch particles, from 33.0 to 38.0 weight percent of an alcohol-based solvent, from 52.0 to 60.0 weight percent of a propellant, and optionally from 0.60 to 0.90 weight percent of inorganic particles, the composition according to any one of claims 42 to 45. Claim 47 The composition according to any one of claims 42 to 46, wherein the composition is a dry shampoo. Claim 48 The composition according to any one of claims 27 to 32, wherein the composition is an immediately usable scalp and hair treatment product selected from hair tonic, hair lotion, hair conditioner, hair cream, hair shampoo, dry shampoo, hair rinse, hair liquid, hair oil, hair pomade, hair foam, hair spray. Claim 49 The composition according to claim 48, wherein the product is a leave-on product. Claim 50 The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 49, wherein the composition is substantially free of biotin. Claim 51 The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 50, wherein the composition is substantially free of quaternary ammonium compounds. Claim 52 The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 51, wherein the composition is substantially free of silicone. Claim 53 The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 52, wherein the composition is substantially free of polymers that do not form a coating film. Claim 54 The composition according to claim 53, wherein the composition is substantially free of acrylate / steareth-20 methacrylate copolymer, carbomer, polyacrylamide, hydroxyethyl cellulose, xanthan gum. Claim 55 A method for improving hair structure, the method comprising applying sandal pentanol or the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 54 to at least a part of the scalp region or at least a part of the skin region including facial hair. Detail 56 The method according to Detail 55, wherein improving the hair structure includes increasing the cross-sectional area of the hair. Detail 57 The method according to Detail 55 or 56, wherein improving the hair structure includes increasing the expression of keratin. Detail 58 The method according to Detail 57, wherein improving the hair structure includes increasing the expression of keratin 85. Detail 59 The method according to any one of Details 55 to 58 for improving a hair structure affected by hair thinning associated with aging. Detail 60 The method according to any one of Details 55 to 59, comprising applying sandal pentanol or the composition according to any one of Details 1 to 54 once or twice a day to at least a part of the scalp area or at least a part of the skin area including facial hair. Detail 61 Use of the composition according to any one of Details 1 to 54 for improving the hair structure. Detail 62 Use of sandal pentanol (3-methyl-5-(2,2,3-trimethylcyclopent-3-en-1-yl)pentan-2-ol) for improving the hair structure. Detail 63 The use according to Detail 61 or 62, wherein improving the hair structure includes increasing the cross-sectional area of the hair. Detail 64 The use according to any one of Details 61 to 63, wherein improving the hair structure includes increasing the expression of keratin. Detail 65 The use according to Detail 64, wherein improving the hair structure includes increasing the expression of keratin 85. Detail 66 The use according to any one of Details 61 to 65 for improving a hair structure affected by hair thinning associated with aging. Detail 67 Use according to any one of paragraphs 61 to 65, comprising applying the sandal pentanol or the composition according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 54 to at least a part of the scalp area or to at least a part of the skin area including the facial hair once or twice a day.

Claims

1. A composition for improving hair structure, comprising sandal pentanol (3-methyl-5-(2,2,3-trimethylcyclopent-3-en-1-yl)pentan-2-ol), wherein improving the hair structure comprises increasing the cross-sectional area of the hair.

2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein improving the hair structure comprises increasing the expression of keratin.

3. The composition according to claim 2, wherein improving the hair structure comprises increasing the expression of keratin 85.

4. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3 for improving a hair structure affected by hair thinning associated with aging.

5. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising caffeine, one or more saturated and / or unsaturated C10-C18 fatty acids, or a combination thereof.

6. The composition according to claim 5, wherein the C10-C18 fatty acid is selected from capric acid (C10:0), lauric acid (C12:0), myristic acid (C14:0), isomyristic acid (C14:0), palmitic acid (C16:0), palmitoleic acid (C16:1), stearic acid (C18:0), oleic acid (C18:1), linoleic acid (C18:2), linolenic acid (C18:3), parinaric acid (C18:4), petroselinic acid (C18:1), or a combination thereof.

7. The composition according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the C10-C18 fatty acid comprises lauric acid (C12:0), myristic acid (C14:0), or a combination thereof.

8. The composition according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the C10-C18 fatty acid comprises palmitoleic acid (C16:1), oleic acid (C18:1), linoleic acid (C18:2), linolenic acid (C18:3), parinaric acid (C18:4), petroselinic acid (C18:1), or a combination thereof.

9. The composition according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the composition is substantially free of unsaturated C10-C18 fatty acids.

10. The composition according to any one of claims 5 to 9, wherein the C10-C18 fatty acid is present in the form of a free acid, an alkali metal salt, an alkaline earth metal salt, an ammonium salt, or a combination thereof, in particular, the fatty acid is present in the form of a free acid.

11. The composition according to any one of claims 5 to 10, wherein one or more C10-C18 fatty acids are present in an amount from 0.010 to 10.0 weight percent, particularly in an amount from 0.10 to 2.0 weight percent, based on the weight of the composition.

12. The composition according to any one of claims 5 to 11, wherein caffeine is present in an amount from 0.010 to 10.0 weight percent, particularly in an amount from 0.10 to 2.0 weight percent, based on the weight of the composition.

13. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein sandal pentanol is present in an amount from 0.010 to 10.0 weight percent, particularly in an amount from 0.10 to 2.0 weight percent, based on the weight of the composition.

14. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 13, comprising sandal pentanol in an amount from 0.50 to 2.0 weight percent, caffeine in an amount from 0.50 to 2.0 weight percent, and one or more C10-C18 fatty acids in an amount from 0.10 to 2.0 weight percent, each based on the weight of the composition.

15. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 14, comprising sandal pentanol in an amount from 0.80 to 1.50 weight percent, caffeine in an amount from 0.80 to 1.50 weight percent, and one or more C10-C18 fatty acids in an amount from 0.10 to 1.0 weight percent, each based on the weight of the composition.

16. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 15, comprising sandal pentanol and caffeine in a weight ratio of from 1:2 to 2:1, particularly from 1:1.5 to 1.5:1, for example from 1:1.2 to 1.2:1, of sandal pentanol to caffeine.

17. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 16, comprising sandal pentanol and one or more C10-C18 fatty acids in a weight ratio of from 10:1 to 1:1, particularly from 8:1 to 1.5:1, for example from 5:1 to 2:1, of sandal pentanol to fatty acid.

18. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 17, further comprising supportive components, particularly supportive components selected from vasodilators, blood circulation stimulants, antioxidants, vitamins, provitamins, and combinations thereof.

19. The composition according to claim 18, wherein the supporting component is present in an amount of from 0.0010 to 5.0 weight percent, particularly from 0.010 to 3.0 weight percent, based on the weight of the composition.

20. The composition according to claim 18 or 19, wherein the supporting component comprises one or more of tocopherols, tocotrienols, tocopherol esters, nicotinic acid, nicotinamide, nicotinic acid esters, vasodilatory plant extracts, camphor, royal jelly, biotin, vitamin B3, vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin D2, vitamin D3, vitamin E, vitamin K1, vitamin K2, panthenol, omega-3 fatty acids, omega-6 fatty acids, folates, cannabidiol, amino acids or combinations thereof.

21. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 20, further comprising an oil component selected from peppermint oil, rosemary essential oil, lavender essential oil, tea tree oil, ylang-ylang, thyme oil, cedarwood oil, clary sage essential oil, bergamot oil, jojoba oil, sunflower oil, ethylhexyl hydrogenated olive oil or combinations thereof.

22. The composition according to claim 21, wherein the oil component is present in an amount of from 0.0010 to 1.0 weight percent, particularly from 0.010 to 0.50 weight percent, based on the weight of the composition.

23. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 22, further comprising a mineral component selected from iron, zinc or combinations thereof.

24. The composition according to claim 23, wherein the mineral component is present at a molar concentration of 0.0050 to 0.

50.

25. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 24, further comprising one or more cosmetically acceptable additives selected from fragrances, opacifiers, preservatives, pH adjusters, chelating agents, hair care materials or skin care materials, physiologically compatible silicone derivative compounds, sunscreen agents, anti-peeling agents, hair gloss agents, combability improvers, degreasing agents, moisturizing substances, conditioning agents, viscosity modifiers, cooling agents or combinations thereof.

26. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 25, further comprising a solvent.

27. The composition according to claim 26, wherein the solvent is water-based, alcohol-based or water-alcohol-based.

28. The composition according to claim 26 or 27, wherein the solvent comprises water and an alcohol selected from ethanol, propanol, glycerol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, or a combination thereof.

29. The composition according to any one of claims 26 to 28, further comprising a solubilizing enhancer.

30. The composition according to claim 29, wherein the solubilizing enhancer comprises one or more surfactants.

31. The composition according to any one of claims 26 to 30, having a pH in the range from 3.0 to 8.0, particularly in the range from 4.0 to 6.5, for example in the range from 4.5 to 6.

0.

32. The composition according to any one of claims 26 to 31, comprising a water-alcohol-based solvent in an amount of 70.0 to 99.5% by weight, particularly 90.0 to 99.0% by weight, for example 92.0 to 98.0% by weight, based on the weight of the composition.

33. The composition according to claim 32, comprising water in an amount of at least 10% by weight and alcohol in an amount of at least 20% by weight, based on the weight of the composition.

34. The composition according to claim 32 or 33, wherein the solvent comprises an alcohol selected from ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, glycerol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, or a combination thereof.

35. The composition according to any one of claims 32 to 34, wherein the composition is a hair tonic.

36. The composition according to any one of claims 26 to 31, comprising a water-based solvent and one or more surfactants in an amount of 5.0 to 25.0% by weight, based on the weight of the composition, wherein the surfactant comprises at least one anionic surfactant.

37. The composition according to claim 36, wherein the composition is a shampoo.

38. The composition according to any one of claims 26 to 31, comprising an alcohol-based or water-alcohol-based solvent and one or more surfactants in an amount of 5.0 to 45.0% by weight, based on the weight of the composition, wherein the surfactant comprises at least one anionic surfactant.

39. The composition according to claim 38, wherein the solvent comprises an alcohol selected from ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, glycerol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, or combinations thereof.

40. The composition according to claim 38 or 39, wherein the composition is a shampoo.

41. The composition according to any one of claims 26 to 31, comprising a blend of starch particles and an alcohol-based solvent in an amount of 70.0 to 99.5 weight percent, particularly 90.0 to 99.0 weight percent, for example 92.0 to 98.0 weight percent, based on the weight of the composition.

42. The composition according to claim 41, wherein the blend further comprises a propellant.

43. The composition according to claim 41 or 42, wherein the blend further comprises inorganic particles.

44. The composition according to any one of claims 41 to 43, wherein the blend comprises 5.0 to 12.0 weight percent of starch particles, 30.0 to 50.0 weight percent of an alcohol-based solvent, 40.0 to 60.0 weight percent of a propellant, and optionally 0.50 to 1.0 weight percent of inorganic particles, based on the weight of the blend.

45. The composition according to any one of claims 41 to 44, wherein the blend comprises 7.0 to 10.0 weight percent of starch particles, 33.0 to 38.0 weight percent of an alcohol-based solvent, 52.0 to 60.0 weight percent of a propellant, and optionally 0.60 to 0.90 weight percent of inorganic particles, based on the weight of the blend.

46. The composition according to any one of claims 41 to 45, wherein the composition is a dry shampoo.

47. The composition according to any one of claims 26 to 31, wherein the composition is an immediately usable scalp and hair treatment product selected from hair tonic, hair lotion, hair conditioner, hair cream, hair shampoo, dry shampoo, hair rinse, hair liquid, hair oil, hair pomade, hair foam, hair spray.

48. The composition according to claim 47, wherein the product is a leave-on product.

49. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 48, wherein the composition is substantially free of biotin.

50. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 49, wherein the composition is substantially free of quaternary ammonium compounds.

51. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 50, wherein the composition substantially does not contain silicone.

52. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 51, wherein the composition substantially does not contain a polymer that does not form a coating film.

53. The composition according to claim 52, wherein the composition substantially does not contain an acrylate / steareth-20 methacrylate copolymer, carbomer, polyacrylamide, hydroxyethyl cellulose, xanthan gum.

54. A method for improving hair structure, wherein improving the hair structure includes increasing the cross-sectional area of the hair, and the method includes applying sandal pentanol or the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 53 to at least a part of the scalp area or at least a part of the skin area including facial hair.

55. The method according to claim 54, wherein improving the hair structure includes increasing the expression of keratin.

56. The method according to claim 55, wherein improving the hair structure includes increasing the expression of keratin 85.

57. The method according to any one of claims 54 to 56 for improving a hair structure affected by hair thinning associated with aging.

58. The method according to any one of claims 54 to 57, including applying sandal pentanol or the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 54 to at least a part of the scalp area or at least a part of the skin area including facial hair once or twice a day.

59. Use of the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 53 for improving hair structure, wherein improving the hair structure includes increasing the cross-sectional area of the hair.

60. Use of sandal pentanol (3-methyl-5-(2,2,3-trimethylcyclopent-3-en-1-yl)pentan-2-ol) for improving hair structure, wherein improving the hair structure includes increasing the cross-sectional area of the hair.

61. The use according to claim 59 or 60, wherein improving the hair structure includes increasing the expression of keratin.

62. The use according to claim 61, wherein improving the hair structure includes increasing the expression of keratin 85.

63. Use according to any one of claims 59 to 62 for improving the hair structure affected by hair thinning associated with aging. **Claim 64** Use according to any one of claims 59 to 63, comprising applying sandal pentanol or a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 53 to at least a part of the scalp area or to at least a part of the skin area including facial hair once or twice a day.

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