Spunbond nonwoven fabric laminate and method for producing spunbond nonwoven fabric laminate

Abstract

A spunbond nonwoven laminate having at least two spunbond nonwoven layers made of endless filaments, with at least one crimp-spunbond nonwoven layer containing crimped endless filaments. The crimped endless filaments of the at least one crimp-spunbond nonwoven layer are multicomponent filaments containing at least one first plastic component and at least one second plastic component. There is at least one reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer, which consists of or consists essentially of non-crimped endless filaments and / or endless filaments that are less crimped than the endless filaments of the at least one crimp-spunbond nonwoven layer. The endless filaments of the reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer contain at least one binding component disposed on its surface. The difference in melting temperature between the binding component of the endless filaments of the reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer and the first plastic component of the endless filaments of the at least one crimp-spunbond nonwoven layer is less than 15 °C. The laminate has a maximum flexural rigidity using a cantilever of up to 100 mm.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a spunbond nonwoven laminate having at least two spunbond nonwoven layers made of endless filaments, wherein at least one crimp-spunbond nonwoven layer is present, and this at least one crimp-spunbond nonwoven layer contains crimped endless filaments, in particular consists of or consists essentially of crimped endless filaments, wherein the crimped endless filaments of the at least one crimp-spunbond nonwoven layer are multicomponent filaments, in particular bicomponent filaments. Furthermore, the subject of the present invention is a method for producing a spunbond nonwoven laminate having at least two spunbond nonwoven layers made of endless filaments. The endless filaments of the at least two spunbond nonwoven layers of the spunbond nonwoven laminate according to the present invention are preferably endless filaments made of a thermoplastic plastic. Endless filaments differ from staple fibers, for example, in that they have a clearly shorter length, for example, from 1 mm to 60 mm, in terms of their substantially endless length.

Background Art

[0002] Spunbond nonwoven fabric laminates and methods for manufacturing spunbond nonwoven fabric laminates are basically known in various embodiments in practice. In spunbond nonwoven fabrics or spunbond nonwoven fabric laminates, for example, for later use in the sanitary field, satisfactory drapability is usually desired. However, spunbond nonwoven fabric laminates that can be well draped generally have low mechanical stability, and in particular, in many cases, they cannot sufficiently withstand relatively large tensile forces acting on the spunbond nonwoven fabric laminate. This is disadvantageous, and thus, it is also desirable for the spunbond nonwoven fabric laminate to be mechanically stable and in particular to have sufficient longitudinal rigidity to ensure the processability of the spunbond nonwoven fabric laminate as well. In this regard, in spunbond nonwoven fabric laminates known from practice, there is a targeted contradiction between satisfactory drapability and sufficient mechanical stability, in particular sufficient longitudinal rigidity. In this context, multilayer spunbond nonwoven fabric laminates are known, in which the individual layers thereof have different properties (e.g., with regard to flexibility and strength), and as a result, different target parameters of the spunbond nonwoven fabric laminate can be adjusted by the properties of the individual layers. Such spunbond nonwoven fabric laminates have been found to be basically effective. However, it has been shown that with the means known from practice, the abrasion resistance of the spunbond nonwoven fabric laminate still leaves something to be desired in many cases. In known spunbond nonwoven fabric laminates, in particular, an undesirable delamination phenomenon between layers has been observed. Furthermore, an optimal compromise between the drapability and mechanical stability of the spunbond nonwoven fabric laminate has not been achieved so far. There is a need for improvement in this regard. This is the starting point of the present invention.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Non-Patent Documents

[0004]

Non-Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] The present invention is a spunbond nonwoven laminate of the type described at the beginning, in which an optimal compromise between satisfactory drapability and sufficient mechanical stability, particularly advantageous longitudinal rigidity, is achieved, and nevertheless, the undesirable interlayer peeling phenomenon can be avoided, and in this regard, preferably, a spunbond nonwoven laminate characterized by also having advantageous abrasion resistance is provided. Further, the present invention is also based on the technical problem of providing a method for manufacturing such a spunbond nonwoven laminate.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is a spunbond nonwoven laminate having at least two spunbond nonwoven layers made of endless filaments, wherein at least one crimp-spunbond nonwoven layer is present, and this at least one crimp-spunbond nonwoven layer contains crimped endless filaments, particularly consists of or essentially consists of crimped end filaments. At this time, the crimped endless filaments of the at least one crimp-spunbond nonwoven layer are multi-component filaments, particularly bicomponent filaments, and the multi-component filaments, particularly bicomponent filaments, contain at least one first (especially low melting point) plastic component and at least one second (especially higher melting point) plastic component, and There is at least one reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer, and this at least one reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer consists of or consists essentially of endless filaments from non - crimped endless filaments and / or endless filaments that are less crimped compared to the endless filaments of the at least one crimp - spunbond nonwoven layer. At this time, the endless filaments of the reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer contain at least one binding component disposed on its surface, and the difference in melting temperature between the binding component of the endless filaments of the reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer and the first (especially low - melting - point) plastic component of the endless filaments of the at least one crimp - spunbond nonwoven layer is less than 15°C, especially less than 12°C, preferably less than 8°C, particularly preferably less than 5°C, very preferably less than 3°C, especially preferably less than 2°C, for example 0°C or about 0°C, and the laminate has a maximum bending rigidity using a cantilever of at most 100 mm, especially at most 90 mm, preferably at most 80 mm, particularly preferably at most 75 mm, especially preferably at most 70 mm, which teaches a spunbond nonwoven laminate.

[0007] According to a very preferred embodiment, the laminate according to the invention has a maximum bending rigidity using a cantilever of at most 65 mm, preferably at most 55 mm, particularly preferably at most 50 mm, especially preferably at most 45 mm. Here and hereinafter, when referring to a cantilever, this means, inter alia, a cantilever in the MD direction and / or CD direction of the spunbond nonwoven laminate, preferably at least a cantilever in the MD direction of the spunbond nonwoven laminate. The machine direction (MD) means, within the framework of the present invention, in particular, the conveying direction F of the spunbond nonwoven laminate on the deposition device. In contrast, the CD or CD direction means the transverse direction with respect to the machine direction.

[0008] The bending rigidity of the spunbond nonwoven laminate is determined within the framework of the present invention, in particular, according to the method of "WSP90.1(05) Standard Test Method for Stiffness of Nonwoven: Fabrics Using the Cantilever Test". In other respects, within the framework of the present invention, the bending rigidity on one hand and the longitudinal rigidity on the other hand of the spunbond nonwoven laminate are distinguished. The bending rigidity is, in particular, an index of the drapability of the spunbond nonwoven laminate. On the other hand, in contrast, the longitudinal rigidity is, in particular, an index of the mechanical stability of the spunbond nonwoven laminate, especially the workability. The longitudinal rigidity means, within the framework of the present invention, in particular, the rigidity of the spunbond nonwoven laminate in the machine direction (MD).

[0009] The description of the spunbond nonwoven laminate means, within the framework of the present invention, in particular, a nonwoven fabric constituted as a laminate using at least two spunbond nonwoven layers. Here and hereinafter, the term "laminate" is also used instead of the term "spunbond nonwoven laminate". Further, the laminate or the spunbond nonwoven laminate means, in particular, a completed, especially pre-fixed and / or finally fixed laminate.

[0010] For the endless filaments for the at least one crimp - spanbond nonwoven layer, it is recommended to use endless filaments having natural crimps or having a potential tendency to crimp. In particular, the at least one crimp - spanbond nonwoven layer contains crimped endless filaments in a proportion of at least 90% by weight, preferably at least 95% by weight, and particularly preferably at least 98% by weight. Particularly preferably, the at least one crimp - spanbond nonwoven layer consists of or consists essentially of crimped endless filaments. Advantageously, the natural crimp or potential tendency to crimp is brought about by the choice of raw materials and / or process adjustment. Preferably, for this purpose, at least one first low - melting plastic component and at least one (compared thereto) second higher - melting plastic component are used for the endless filaments of the at least one crimp - spanbond nonwoven layer. Here, "higher - melting" and "low - melting" refer, within the framework of the present invention, in particular to the melting temperature of the plastic components. However, in principle, the first and second plastic components of the endless filaments of the at least one crimp - spanbond nonwoven layer may have the same melting temperature, and in this case, the crimp or tendency to crimp can also be achieved by other different properties of the plastic components.

[0011] In the present invention, the at least one reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer consists of endless filaments that are less crimped than the endless filaments from which the spunbond nonwoven laminate is formed and / or the endless filaments of the at least one crimped-spunbond nonwoven layer, or consists essentially of such endless filaments. Within the framework of the present invention, the at least one reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer is, in particular, responsible for the mechanical stability or the longitudinal rigidity of the spunbond nonwoven laminate, and moreover, the design of the endless filaments of the at least one reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer preferably contributes to the advantageous abrasion resistance and the avoidance of delamination phenomena in the spunbond nonwoven laminate according to the present invention. That the endless filaments of the at least one reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer consist of or consist essentially of endless filaments that are less crimped than the endless filaments of the at least one crimped-spunbond nonwoven layer means, within the framework of the present invention, in particular that the degree of crimp of the endless filaments of the at least one reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer is lower than the degree of crimp of the endless filaments of the at least one crimped-spunbond nonwoven layer.

[0012] At this time, the fact that the crimp of the endless filaments of the spunbond nonwoven fabric layer is lower than that of the endless filaments of other spunbond nonwoven fabric layers means, in particular, that the endless filaments have fewer crimps or bow-shaped parts (number of bow-shaped parts) per 1 cm of filament length and / or a larger crimp diameter or bow diameter compared to the endless filaments of other spunbond nonwoven fabric layers. At this time, the number of crimp loops or crimp bow-shaped parts per 1 cm of filament length is measured by counting the number of crimps at (1 / 10 mm) under a preload of 2 mg / den, in particular in accordance with JIS L-1015-1981 of the Japanese Industrial Standards, where the length of the crimped filament under the preload is taken as the basis. To determine the number of crimp loops or crimp bow-shaped parts, a precision of 0.05 mm is used. This measurement is preferably carried out using the "Favimat" device of TexTechco in Germany. In this regard, reference is made to the publication "Automatic Crimp Measurement on Staple Fibres", Denkendorf Colloquium, "Textile Mess- und Prueftechnik", 9.11.99, Dr. Ulrich Moerschel (Non-Patent Document 1) (in particular page 4, Figure 4). For this purpose, the filament (or filament sample) is taken from the filament bundle, from the deposition site or from the deposition belt and then the filament is separated and measured before being further fixed.

[0013] The bow diameter is preferably measured by placing the nonwoven fabric to be measured under a microscope and creating an upright image using an appropriate magnification, where the bow diameter can be measured. In the case of a nonwoven fabric assembly or nonwoven fabric laminate having a plurality of layers, the optical system needs to be focused on the surface of each visible layer, with the other surface of the layer or layers being as far as possible outside the depth of field of view. Due to the accidental distribution of the filaments or the accidental distribution of the bow diameters, at least 25 measurements are required for each. The arithmetic mean value is displayed.

[0014] According to the present invention, the endless filaments of said at least one reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer comprise at least one, in particular one or just one, binding component arranged on their surface. The endless filaments of said at least one crimped-spunbond nonwoven layer comprise, according to the present invention, at least one first (in particular, low melting point) plastic component. Within the framework of the present invention, expediently, a joining is achieved between said at least one reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer and said at least one crimped-spunbond nonwoven layer, in particular between said binding component of the endless filaments of the reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer and at least said first (in particular, low melting point) plastic component of the at least one crimped-spunbond nonwoven layer. This can be done, in particular, by means of fixing means or by the action of pressure and / or temperature.

[0015] The difference in melting temperature between the binding component of the endless filaments of the reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer and the first (especially, low - melting point) component of the endless filaments of the at least one crimp - spunbond nonwoven layer is, in the present invention, less than 15°C. The melting temperature of the components of the endless filaments, in particular the melting temperature of the materials or plastics used, is measured within the framework of the present invention in accordance with ISO 11357 - 3:2011 using dynamic differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). When the difference in melting temperature between the binding component of the endless filaments of the reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer and the first (especially, low - melting point) component of the endless filaments of the crimp - spunbond nonwoven layer is, according to a preferred embodiment, 0°C or about 0°C, this means, in particular, that both components have the same melting temperature or essentially the same melting temperature. This can be achieved by two different components or materials having the same melting temperature or by the material of the first (especially, low - melting point) plastic component of the endless filaments of the at least one crimp - spunbond nonwoven layer being identical to the material of the binding component of the endless filaments of the reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer. Therefore, in one of the preferred embodiments, the binding component of the endless filaments of the reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer is identical to the first (especially, low - melting point) plastic component of the endless filaments of the at least one crimp - spunbond nonwoven layer with respect to the materials or plastics used. It is within the framework of the present invention for the melting temperature of the binding component of the endless filaments of the reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer to be higher or lower than the melting temperature of the first (especially, low - melting point) plastic component of the endless filaments of the at least one crimp - spunbond nonwoven layer.

[0016] The spunbond nonwoven fabric laminate according to the present invention features satisfactory drapability, particularly based on its advantageously low bending rigidity, and nevertheless has sufficient mechanical stability, particularly sufficient longitudinal rigidity. Furthermore, the delamination phenomenon often observed in practice can be avoided in the spunbond nonwoven fabric laminate according to the present invention, and as a result, the laminate also has particularly advantageous abrasion resistance. By a special selection of the components or plastic components of the at least one crimped - spunbond nonwoven fabric layer and the at least one reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven fabric layer, the bonding characteristics of the individual spunbond nonwoven fabric layers of the spunbond nonwoven fabric laminate are improved, and as a result, the delamination phenomenon can be significantly reduced.

[0017] One preferred embodiment of the spunbond nonwoven fabric laminate according to the present invention is characterized in that the endless filaments of the at least one reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven fabric layer consist of or essentially consist of a binder component. The fact that the endless filaments or monocomponent filaments consist of or essentially consist of a binder component means, within the framework of the present invention, in particular that the endless filaments of the at least one reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven fabric layer contain only the binder component, particularly preferably containing or consisting of or essentially consisting of only one (first) plastic as the binder component. This will be explained in more detail below.

[0018] According to one alternative preferred embodiment of the spunbond nonwoven laminate according to the present invention, the endless filaments of said at least one reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer are multi - component filaments, in particular bicomponent filaments, preferably multi - component filaments or bicomponent filaments having a core - sheath configuration, particularly preferably multi - component filaments or bicomponent filaments having a concentric or symmetric core - sheath configuration and / or an eccentric core - sheath configuration. Among them, particularly preferably, at least one binding component of the endless filaments of the reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer forms the sheath component of the endless filament having a core - sheath configuration. Further, it is within the scope of the present invention that the endless filaments of said at least one reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer, configured as multi - component filaments or bicomponent filaments, have other symmetric cross - sectional configurations, such as a three - lobed configuration or a monotype configuration. In other respects, the fact that at least one binding component is arranged on the surface of the endless filaments of the reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer according to the present invention particularly means that the binding component is arranged at least on the surface of this endless filament, for example, in the case of the one - component filament described above, or in the case of the filament having the core - sheath configuration described above where the binding component forms, among other things, the sheath component.

[0019] When the endless filaments of said at least one reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer are configured as multi - component filaments or bicomponent filaments having a core - sheath configuration, it is within the scope of the present invention that the core:sheath mass ratio of the endless filaments of the reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer having a core - sheath configuration is from 50:50 to 95:5, especially from 55:45 to 85:15, preferably from 60:40 to 80:20. This embodiment is based in particular on the finding that by using this mass ratio, a particularly good compromise can be achieved between the longitudinal rigidity of the resulting spunbond nonwoven laminate and the abrasion resistance or the avoidance of delamination phenomena.

[0020] One particularly recommended embodiment of the spunbond nonwoven laminate according to the present invention is that the melting temperature of the binding component of the endless filaments of the reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer is lower than the melting temperature of the second (especially, higher melting point) plastic component of the endless filaments of the at least one crimp-spunbond nonwoven layer, wherein the difference in melting temperature between the second (especially, higher melting point) plastic component of the endless filaments of the at least one crimp-spunbond nonwoven layer and the binding component of the endless filaments of the at least one reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer is especially at least 2 °C, preferably at least 5 °C, particularly preferably at least 7 °C.

[0021] When the first and second plastic components of the endless filaments of the at least one crimp-spunbond nonwoven layer have the same melting temperature, expediently, this melting temperature serves as a basis for determining the difference in melting temperature between the second plastic component of the endless filaments of the at least one crimp-spunbond nonwoven layer and the binding component of the endless filaments of the at least one reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer. This preferred embodiment, in which the melting temperature of the binding component of the endless filaments of the reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer is lower than the melting temperature of the second (especially, higher melting point) plastic component of the endless filaments of the at least one crimp-spunbond nonwoven layer, is based in this case on the finding that the endless filaments of the reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer have very good bonding properties compared to the endless filaments of the at least one crimp-spunbond nonwoven layer. The delamination between the reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer and the at least one crimp-spunbond nonwoven layer can thus be further reduced, whereby the resulting spunbond nonwoven laminate also has very satisfactory abrasion resistance.

[0022] One particularly preferred embodiment of the spunbond nonwoven laminate according to the present invention is characterized in that the endless filaments of the at least one reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer are more strongly oriented in the machine direction (MD) than the endless filaments of the at least one crimped-spunbond nonwoven layer. This embodiment is based in particular on the finding that in this case the at least one reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer has a particularly advantageous longitudinal rigidity. Preferably, the at least one reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer has a higher longitudinal rigidity than the at least one crimped-spunbond nonwoven layer. The orientation in the machine direction (MD) of the endless filaments of the reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer and / or of the endless filaments of the at least one crimped-spunbond nonwoven layer can be determined in particular within the framework of the present invention by using micro-computed tomography (μCT), especially as described in WO2020 / 103964A1 (Patent Document 1), especially on pages 50 to 53 of "Method to determine geometric fiber statistics for a nonwoven".

[0023] It is very preferred that the fineness of the endless filaments of the at least one reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer is less than 2.5 den, in particular less than 1.7 den, especially less than 1.5 den, preferably from 1.0 den to 1.4 den, particularly preferably from 1.2 den to 1.4 den, and / or that the fineness of the endless filaments of the at least one crimped-spunbond nonwoven layer is less than 3.0 den, especially less than 2.0 den, preferably less than 1.7 den, particularly preferably from 1.0 den to 1.6 den, especially particularly preferably from 1.2 den to 1.4 den. It is within the framework of the present invention that the fineness of the endless filaments of the at least one reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer is lower than the fineness of the endless filaments of the at least one crimped-spunbond nonwoven layer.

[0024] At least one binding component of the endless filaments of the reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven fabric layer comprises a first plastic, in particular consists of or consists essentially of the first plastic, wherein the first plastic is, inter alia, a homopolyolefin (in particular, homopolypropylene and / or homopolyethylene), and / or a polyolefin copolymer (in particular, a polypropylene copolymer and / or a polyethylene copolymer). Preferably, when the first plastic is homopolypropylene, it is polypropylene polymerized by a metallocene catalyst within the scope of the present invention. When the first plastic is a polypropylene copolymer, it is preferably a propylene-α-olefin copolymer. It is particularly preferred that the first plastic is a polypropylene copolymer and / or homopolypropylene, in particular homopolypropylene polymerized by a metallocene catalyst. Within the scope of the present invention, when it is said that a component consists of or consists essentially of a plastic, "consists essentially of" means, in particular, that this component consists of at least 90% by weight, in particular at least 95% by weight, preferably at least 98% by weight of that plastic, and in particular, in addition to the described plastic, small amounts of further additives, such as softeners, fillers, colorants, lubricants, etc. may also be present.

[0025] Another preferred embodiment of the present invention is that at least one binding component of the reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer consists of or consists essentially of a mixture or blend of at least one first plastic and at least one second plastic, and preferably, the first plastic and / or the second plastic is a homopolyolefin (in particular, homopolypropylene and / or homopolyethylene) and / or a polyolefin copolymer (in particular, a polypropylene copolymer and / or a polyethylene copolymer). When the first plastic and / or the second plastic is homopolypropylene, it is within the scope of the present invention that this is polypropylene polymerized with a metallocene catalyst. When the first plastic and / or the second plastic is a polypropylene copolymer, it is preferably a propylene-α-olefin copolymer.

[0026] According to one preferred embodiment of the spunbond nonwoven laminate according to the present invention, the endless filaments of the at least one reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer are formed as bicomponent filaments having a core-sheath configuration, and in this case, expediently, at least one, in particular one, binding component of the endless filaments of the reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer forms the sheath component of this endless filament having a core-sheath configuration. In this case, expediently, the binding component forming the sheath component consists of or consists essentially of at least one first plastic or a mixture or blend of at least one first plastic and at least one second plastic, in accordance with the above description.

[0027] One preferred embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the core component of the endless filament having a core-sheath structure in the at least one reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer is at least one homopolyolefin (in particular, at least one homopolypropylene and / or at least one homopolyethylene) and / or at least one polyolefin copolymer (in particular, at least one polypropylene copolymer and / or at least one polyethylene copolymer). When the core component of the endless filament having a core-sheath structure in the at least one reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer is at least one homopolypropylene, it is within the scope of the present invention that this is polypropylene polymerized with a metallocene catalyst or a Ziegler-Natta catalyst. When the core component of the endless filament having a core-sheath structure in the reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer is a polypropylene copolymer, it is preferably a propylene-α-olefin copolymer. Further, it is preferred that the core component of the endless filament having a core-sheath structure in the reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven consists of or consists essentially of just one plastic, and this plastic is, for the purpose, the plastic described above. However, in principle, it is also possible that the core component of the endless filament having a core-sheath structure in the at least one reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer is present as a mixture or blend consisting of at least two plastics. It is particularly preferred that the core component of the endless filament having a core-sheath structure in the at least one reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer is at least one homopolypropylene, in particular consists of or consists essentially of at least one homopolypropylene. The homopolypropylene is, inter alia, polypropylene polymerized with a metallocene catalyst or a Ziegler-Natta catalyst. It is within the scope of the present invention that both the core and the sheath of the endless filament having a core-sheath structure in the at least one reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer consist of or consist essentially of a polyolefin copolymer, in particular a polypropylene copolymer.In this case, the copolymer used for the sheath has, among other things, a higher comonomer ratio than the copolymer used for the core.

[0028] One particularly preferred embodiment of the spunbond nonwoven laminate according to the present invention is that the first (especially, low melting point) and / or second (especially, higher melting point) plastic components of the endless filaments of the at least one crimped-spunbond nonwoven layer are at least one homopolyolefin (especially, at least one homopolypropylene and / or at least one homopolyethylene) and / or at least one polyolefin copolymer (especially, at least one polypropylene copolymer and / or at least one polyethylene copolymer). It is preferred that the first (especially, low melting point) plastic component of the endless filaments of the at least one crimped-spunbond nonwoven layer and / or the second (especially, higher melting point) plastic component of the endless filaments of the at least one crimped-spunbond nonwoven layer each consists of or consists essentially of at least one plastic, especially just one plastic, and this plastic is one of the plastics listed above. However, in principle, it is also within the scope of the present invention that the first (especially, low melting point) plastic component of the endless filaments of the at least one crimped-spunbond nonwoven layer and / or the second (especially, higher melting point) plastic component of the endless filaments of the at least one crimped-spunbond nonwoven layer are present as a mixture or blend of at least two plastics. When the first and / or second plastic components of the endless filaments of the at least one crimped-spunbond nonwoven layer are at least one polypropylene copolymer, it is preferred that this is at least one propylene-α-olefin copolymer. When the first and / or second plastic components of the endless filaments of the at least one crimped-spunbond nonwoven layer are at least one homopolypropylene, it is within the scope of the present invention that this is at least one polypropylene polymerized with a Ziegler-Natta catalyst.

[0029] One particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the binding component of the endless filaments of the reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer and / or the first (especially low-melting point) plastic component of the endless filaments of the at least one crimp-spunbond nonwoven layer and / or the second (especially higher-melting point) plastic component of the endless filaments of the at least one crimp-spunbond nonwoven layer are each based on a polyolefin from the same group of polyolefin substances, especially based on polypropylene. The endless filaments of the at least one reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer are formed as multicomponent filaments or bicomponent filaments having a core-sheath configuration according to a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention. In this case, when the binding component forms a sheath component, it is particularly preferred that the core component of the endless filaments having a core-sheath configuration of the reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer is also formed based on a polyolefin from the same group of polyolefin substances as the binding component, the first plastic component, and the second plastic component. The same group of polyolefin substances means, within the framework of the present invention, in particular polyolefins formed based on the same olefin monomer. As a result, for example, homopolypropylene and polypropylene copolymers belong to the same group of polyolefin substances, that is, the same group of substances based on propylene.

[0030] The endless filaments of the at least one crimp - spunbond nonwoven layer are multicomponent filaments, especially bicomponent filaments, having a side - by - side configuration and / or a core - sheath configuration, in particular an eccentric core - sheath configuration. In this case, preferably, within the framework of the present invention, in the case of a core - sheath configuration or an eccentric core - sheath configuration, the first (especially low - melting - point) plastic component of the endless filaments of the at least one crimp - spunbond nonwoven layer forms the sheath component. In this case, preferably, the second (especially higher - melting - point) plastic component of the endless filaments of the at least one crimp - spunbond nonwoven layer forms the core component. In the case of endless filaments having a side - by - side configuration, preferably, the first and second plastic components each form one side of the filament. In other respects, within the framework of the present invention, the expression "configuration of the endless filament" means, in particular, the configuration of the cross - section of the filament.

[0031] The first (especially, low melting point) plastic component of the endless filaments of the at least one crimp - spunbond nonwoven layer is a polypropylene copolymer, and it is particularly preferred that it consists of or consists essentially of a polypropylene copolymer. It is within the scope of the present invention that this is preferably the same polypropylene copolymer that forms the first plastic of the binding component of the endless filaments of the reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer. More preferably, the second (especially, higher melting point) plastic component of the endless filaments of the at least one crimp - spunbond nonwoven layer is at least one homopolypropylene, and particularly consists of or consists essentially of homopolypropylene. The homopolypropylene is, inter alia, polypropylene polymerized with a Ziegler - Natta catalyst. In one embodiment, the homopolypropylene of the second (especially, higher melting point) plastic component of the at least one crimp - spunbond nonwoven layer is the same homopolypropylene as, or a different homopolypropylene from, the homopolypropylene used for the core component of the endless filaments having a core - sheath configuration of the reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer, especially.

[0032] When the endless filaments of the crimp - spunbond nonwoven layer are multi - component filaments, especially bicomponent filaments, having an eccentric core - sheath configuration, it is within the scope of the present invention that both the sheath of the filament and the core of the filament are formed in a circular shape as seen in the filament cross - section. According to another embodiment of the present invention, the multi - component filament or bicomponent filament is formed as a multi - component filament or bicomponent filament having an eccentric core - sheath configuration, and the core of this filament is formed in an arcuate shape as seen in the filament cross - section, and has an arcuate peripheral section and a linear peripheral section with respect to its periphery, and as a result, a so - called D - shaped core is produced as seen in the cross - section of the filament. In other respects, the above - mentioned form regarding the cross - section design of the endless filaments having an eccentric core - sheath configuration also applies to embodiments of the spunbond nonwoven laminate according to the present invention, in which the endless filaments of the at least one reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer are formed as multi - component filaments, especially bicomponent filaments, having an eccentric core - sheath configuration.

[0033] It has been found to be effective that the mass ratio of the first (especially, low - melting - point) plastic component of the endless filaments of the at least one crimp - spunbond nonwoven layer to the second (especially, higher - melting - point) plastic component of the at least one crimp - spunbond nonwoven layer is from 10:90 to 60:40, especially from 25:75 to 50:50, preferably from 30:70 to 40:60.

[0034] One particularly preferred embodiment of the spunbond nonwoven laminate according to the present invention is that there is at least one second crimped-spunbond nonwoven layer, wherein the at least one reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer is arranged, inter alia, between at least two crimped-spunbond nonwoven layers, in particular between two crimped-spunbond nonwoven layers. Therefore, particularly preferably, the spunbond nonwoven laminate according to the present invention is of at least a three-layer type, in particular a three-layer type, and has a first crimped-spunbond nonwoven layer, inter alia a reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer arranged thereon, and preferably a second crimped-spunbond nonwoven layer arranged on the reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer. With such an at least three-layer type, in particular three-layer type laminate having a reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer arranged between two crimped-spunbond nonwoven layers, it has been found that the technical problem of the present invention can be solved particularly reliably, and in particular, a particularly advantageous compromise between longitudinal rigidity, drapability and abrasion resistance can be achieved. In other respects, it is preferable that the above-mentioned form regarding the design of the crimped-spunbond nonwoven or the first crimped-spunbond nonwoven also applies to the design of the second crimped-spunbond nonwoven layer. In particular, the first crimped-spunbond nonwoven layer and the second crimped-spunbond nonwoven layer are identical or essentially identical with respect to their design. However, in principle, the first and second crimped-spunbond nonwoven layers can also be different in their design and their properties. When the spunbond nonwoven laminate according to the present invention preferably has at least two crimped-spunbond nonwoven layers according to a preferred embodiment, it is possible for both crimped-spunbond nonwoven layers to have the same degree of crimp or essentially the same degree of crimp. However, it is also possible that the at least two crimped-spunbond nonwoven layers have different degrees of crimp, provided that these degrees of crimp are higher than the degree of crimp of the endless filaments of the reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer.

[0035] The ratio of the tensile strength of the laminate in the machine direction (MD) to the tensile strength of the laminate in the cross-machine direction (CD) with respect to the machine direction (MD) is from 1.0 to 2.5, particularly from 1.1 to 2.3, preferably from 1.2 to 2.0, and particularly preferably from 1.3 to 1.9, which is within the scope of the present invention. For practical purposes, the tensile strength of the laminate in the machine direction (MD) is at least 8 N / 5 cm, particularly at least 10 N / 5 cm, particularly at least 15 N / 5 cm, preferably at least 17.5 N / 5 cm, particularly preferably at least 20 N / 5 cm, and particularly preferably at least 22.5 N / 5 cm, for example at least 28 N / 5 cm. More preferably, the tensile strength of the nonwoven fabric in the cross-machine direction (CD) with respect to the machine direction is at least 6 N / 5 cm, particularly at least 8 N / 5 cm, particularly at least 10 N / 5 cm, preferably at least 12 N / 5 cm, and particularly preferably at least 15 N / 5 cm. The tensile strength of the nonwoven fabric is determined particularly in accordance with the following method within the scope of the present invention: "Determination of Tensile Strength (Edana 20.2 - 89 standard)": unit N / 5 cm; sample width 50 mm; grip length 100 mm; test speed 200 mm / min.

[0036] One of the preferred embodiments of the spunbond nonwoven laminate according to the present invention is that in this laminate, in the machine direction (MD), at 5% elongation, a tensile force exceeding 3.0 N / 5 cm, particularly exceeding 4.0 N / 5 cm, preferably exceeding 4.5 N / 5 cm, and / or at 10% elongation, a tensile force exceeding 5.0 N / 5 cm, preferably exceeding 6.0 N / 5 cm, particularly preferably exceeding 7.0 N / 5 cm is generated. The measurement of the tensile force in the machine direction (MD) at the described elongation or the measurement of the stress-strain curve is particularly carried out in accordance with the test standard of DIN EN29073-3. At this time, it is within the scope of the present invention to attach a nonwoven sample or a laminate sample having a width of 50 mm between two clamp devices at an interval of 100 mm, so that the test / measurement length of the sample is 100 mm. Then, this nonwoven sample or laminate sample is tensioned to a preload of 0.5 N at a feed rate of 100 mm / min using a tensile machine. Then, the measurement is reset to the zero value in this state, and the actual measurement is started. At this time, the tensile machine operates at a feed rate or tensile speed of 200 mm / min. The tensile force in the machine direction (MD) is determined from the stress-strain curve as the force at 5% elongation of the sample and / or at 10% elongation of the sample, as already explained above. At this time, the tensile force in the machine direction (MD) is particularly an index of the longitudinal rigidity of the spunbond nonwoven laminate.

[0037] In one of the particularly recommended embodiments of the present invention, the spunbond nonwoven layer has an embossed pattern, and in this case, this embossed pattern consists of a plurality of (especially not connected to each other) embosses, and each of the embosses is from 0.05 to 0.3 mm 2 up to, particularly from 0.06 to 0.2 mm 2 up to, preferably from 0.07 to 0.18 mm 2 up to, particularly preferably from 0.08 to 0.15 mm 2 up to, especially preferably from 0.09 to 0.12 mm 2It has an embossed surface up to [the specified point]. The term "emboss" within the framework of the present invention particularly refers to a densified portion of the laminate or the nonwoven fabric, that is, a portion where the laminate has a particularly thinner thickness compared to the regions of the laminate that have not been embossed, and where the fibers of the laminate are at least partially bonded or fused to each other, especially by the action of pressure and / or temperature. The embosses of the embossing pattern are preferably generated by at least one calendar roller provided with a complementary embossing pattern consisting of embossing elements.

[0038] The term "embossing pattern" within the framework of the present invention particularly refers to a pattern resulting from a plurality of embosses on the laminate or the nonwoven fabric. The embossing pattern can be a regular embossing pattern and / or an irregular embossing pattern. In this case, the individual embosses are distributed on the laminate, especially at regular intervals, preferably at the same interval. More preferably, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the embossed surfaces of each emboss of the embossing pattern are of the same size or essentially of the same size. It has also been found to be effective that the geometric shapes of the embossed surfaces of each emboss are the same or essentially the same. It is particularly preferred that the embossing pattern has embosses of the same or the same size, or essentially the same or the same size, and the embosses of the same geometric shape or essentially the same geometric shape are uniformly distributed. However, in principle, it is also possible that each emboss of the embossing pattern has a different size and / or a different geometric shape from each other, and / or the embosses are arranged on the nonwoven fabric in an irregular embossing pattern. Within the framework of the present invention, the geometric shape of the emboss refers, among other things, to the geometric shape of the embossed surface of the emboss as seen from above.

[0039] Within the framework of the present invention, the embossed surface of an embossment, in particular, means the embossed surface of the embossment, and in determining the area of the embossed surface, material protrusions or material bulges that are formed during the pressing or embossing process and that at least partially surround the embossment are not, in particular, part of the embossed surface of the embossment. In the case of an embossment or embossed surface having a dot-shaped or circular geometry when viewed from above, the embossed surface of the embossment corresponds, for example, to the area of the dot-shaped or circular embossment, and in this case, material protrusions or material bulges surrounding the embossment, if any, are not added to the embossed surface of the embossment. The fact that the embossments of the nonwoven fabric or laminate according to the present invention each have an embossed surface within the above range means that, in particular within the framework of the present invention, at least 95%, especially at least 97%, of all the embossments of the nonwoven fabric have an embossed surface within the above range. Particularly preferably, all the embossments of the nonwoven fabric have an embossed surface within the above range. The embossed surface of the embossment can be determined, in particular within the framework of the present invention, by means of a reflection illumination or transmission illumination 2D microscope, and / or a scanning electron microscope (REM) and / or micro-computed tomography (μCT). In the corresponding image evaluation, preferably, the geometry that forms the basis of the embossed surface geometry, or a geometry that coincides with or essentially coincides with the embossed surface geometry, is used as the basis, and for the evaluation, it is placed on the embossed surface of each optically imaged embossment.

[0040] A preferred embodiment of the spunbond nonwoven laminate according to the present invention having an embossed pattern, wherein each of the embossments has an embossed surface of the width described above, in this case features particularly advantageous mechanical properties for the spunbond nonwoven laminate, and nevertheless, due to the particular width of the embossed surface, visual damage caused by the embossed pattern consisting of the embossments can be almost completely avoided based on the relatively clearly reduced recognizability of the embossed pattern to the human eye. This is based on the finding that a laminate can be provided.

[0041] The ratio of the total embossed surface of the embossed pattern to the entire surface of the laminate is within the scope of the present invention when it is from 2 to 12%, particularly from 2.5 to 8%, preferably from 3 to 6%, particularly preferably from 3.5 to 5.5%, and most preferably from 4 to 5%. Further, the ratio of the total embossed surface of the embossed pattern to the entire surface of the laminate is within the scope of the present invention when it is less than 10%, particularly less than 8%, preferably less than 7.5%, very preferably less than 6.5%, particularly preferably less than 5.5%, and most preferably less than 5%. By the above-mentioned ratio of the total embossed surface of the embossed pattern to the entire surface of the laminate or nonwoven fabric, the visual recognition of the embossed pattern composed of embosses can be further reduced. Nevertheless, a laminate having satisfactory mechanical properties is obtained. In this connection, the total embossed surface of the embossed pattern particularly means the sum of the total embossed surfaces of the embossed pattern. The entire surface of the laminate or nonwoven fabric particularly means, within the scope of the present invention, the entire surface of the laminate including the embossed area and the non-embossed area.

[0042] The minimum distance d between two embosses of the emboss pattern is preferably from 0.6 to 2.5 mm, particularly preferably from 0.8 to 2.0 mm, preferably from 0.9 to 1.8 mm, particularly preferably from 0.95 to 1.6 mm, and most preferably from 1.0 to 1.5 mm. Advantageously, the minimum distance d between two embosses of the emboss pattern is at least 0.6 mm, particularly at least 0.8 mm, preferably at least 1.0 mm, particularly preferably at least 1.4 mm, and most preferably at least 2.0 mm. In this case, the minimum distance d between two embosses of the emboss pattern is particularly the minimum distance d between two directly adjacent embosses of the emboss pattern, i.e., preferably, the minimum distance between one emboss and the nearest emboss of the emboss pattern. Further, the minimum distance d between two embosses of the emboss pattern particularly refers to the minimum distance between the respective emboss boundaries of the two embosses, i.e., the minimum distance between these two embosses along the non-embossed nonwoven surface existing between the two embosses. This embodiment is based on the finding that the visual recognition of the emboss pattern consisting of embosses can be further reduced, while nevertheless ensuring the advantageous mechanical properties of the laminate. The minimum distance described above between two embosses of the emboss pattern relates to at least 95%, particularly at least 97% of all embosses of the laminate. Particularly preferably, the above-mentioned minimum distance between two embosses relates to all embosses of the laminate.

[0043] When viewed from above, it is recommended that the embossed surface of the embossment has at least one geometric shape selected from the group of "dot-shaped or circular, elliptical, square, rectangular, rhombic, polygonal, linear, wavy". As already described above, the embossed surface of the embossment specifically means the embossed surface of the embossment, excluding in particular the material protrusions or material ridges that may surround this embossed surface. It is preferable that the embossed surface or embossments of the embossment pattern each have the same geometric shape or an essentially the same geometric shape. However, it is also basically within the scope of the present invention for the embossment pattern to have embossed surfaces or embossments of different geometric shapes. One particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that when viewed from above, the embossed surface of the embossment or all of the embossments is dot-shaped or circular.

[0044] One of the recommended embodiments of the present invention is that the laminate or the non-woven fabric has a basis weight of less than 200 g / m 2 and particularly less than 150 g / m 2 and especially less than 100 g / m 2 and preferably less than 75 g / m 2 and particularly preferably less than 50 g / m 2 and most preferably less than 30 g / m 2 and is characterized by having a basis weight of less than. The basis weight of the laminate is from 10 g / m 2 to 80 g / m 2 and especially from 15 g / m 2 to 60 g / m 2 and preferably from 15 g / m 2 to 30 g / m 2 is particularly preferred. In another particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the basis weight of the laminate is from 11 g / m 2 to 60 g / m 2 and preferably from 12 g / m 2 to 30 g / m 2 and is.

[0045] It is more preferable that the nonwoven fabric or the laminate has a thickness h of from 0.1 to 0.85 mm, particularly from 0.15 to 0.75 mm, preferably from 0.2 to 0.65 mm, and particularly preferably from 0.25 to 0.55 mm. It is within the scope of the present invention for the nonwoven fabric to have a thickness h of less than 0.85 mm, preferably less than 0.75 mm, particularly preferably less than 0.65 mm, particularly preferably less than 0.5 mm, very preferably less than 0.45 mm, and especially preferably less than 0.4 mm, for example less than 0.35 mm. At this time, the thickness h means the maximum thickness or total thickness of the laminate in a direction transverse to, particularly perpendicular or essentially perpendicular to, the plane extension of the laminate in the unembossed region of the laminate. At this time, the thickness or total thickness h of the nonwoven fabric is particularly measured according to the method of WRT120.6(05)-Option A. Within the scope of the present invention, the thickness h relates particularly to the finished, optionally pre-fixed and / or finally fixed laminate.

[0046] One of the embodiments that has been found to be particularly effective in the present invention is characterized in that the laminate has a wear resistance of at least class 2 according to Martindale, particularly class 1 according to Martindale. In this embodiment, in this case, this finding is based on the fact that the laminate or the nonwoven fabric features satisfactory wear resistance and, in particular, the delamination phenomenon between the layers of the laminate during the Martindale test can also be avoided. The wear resistance of the laminate or the nonwoven fabric is particularly determined within the scope of the present invention using a Martindale abrasion tester according to the following test method.

[0047] As the testing machine, in particular, the machine called "SDL Atlas M235 Martindale Tester" is used. The method for determining abrasion resistance is based especially on WSP20.5(05). At this time, in particular, the following deviations from WSP20.5(05) are defined: The surfaces (upper / lower) are tested separately; At least 10 tests, preferably at least 20 tests, are carried out for one sample and one surface. At this time, the test pieces are evenly obtained from the surface of the sample, and the final result is the arithmetic mean value. The test pieces should be obtained from representative positions, not just from the edges, because the deviations in the test or as a result should only be affected by typical (local) variations, not by macroscopic deviations, such as poor process control; The test sample to be tested is stretched on a standard felt and attached to the lower holder; As the moving upper friction surface, the same non-woven fabric is used with the test sides facing each other. This piece is fixed together with a PU foam plastic patch (e.g., manufactured by SDL Atlas); A pressing force of 9 kPa; 32 cycles, that is, two complete loops of the Lissajous figure; After each test, the pair (test piece and upper friction surface) is exchanged; The sample is evaluated on a scale from 1 to 5, where 1 is the best score. For example, if the average value is 1 on the upper side and 3 on the lower side, the sample is evaluated as 1 overall. When only evaluating the changes in the non-woven fabric, if this non-woven fabric has similar defects beforehand, these can be overlooked. This means, for example, fiber tufts (groups or bundles of fibers on the surface). If the test piece clearly shows these defects from the beginning, that test piece should preferably be excluded if in doubt.

[0048] Rating 1: Seen from above, there is virtually no change. There may be some signs of loosening on the surface, but the filaments should only be loose and should not form large or long agglomerates. When seen from the side, the fuzz height of the loose filaments should not exceed 5 mm. Individual filaments or a plurality of filaments may gather to form small spherical objects with a diameter of less than 2 mm.

[0049] Rating 2: In addition to the above damage pattern (Rating 1): The filaments are loose and tangle with adjacent filaments to form long aggregates. These filament groups are referred to as "tufts" or "strings or bundles". These tufts range in length from 5 to 40 mm and are bonded to the substrate at least every 10 mm in length. One tuft has a maximum height of 5 mm (extending 5 mm from the surface) and a maximum width of 2 mm.

[0050] Rating 3: The above-mentioned "tuft" is no longer bonded to the substrate along its length, and the bonding parts, if any, are more than 10 mm apart from each other, or in this case, the tuft is still bonded to the sample only at the starting point and the ending point. This tuft can be lifted and moved, for example, using a needle.

[0051] Rating 4: The tufts are bonded to adjacent tufts to form a network. "Spider web" Rating 5: The sample is further damaged and the formation of the first hole has occurred.

[0052] One embodiment of the invention found to be effective is that the laminate or the nonwoven fabric is fixed using at least one calendar roller (especially for generating the preferably provided embossing pattern described above), and particularly using at least one thermal fluid type main fixing device, especially at least one hot air type main fixing device. The above-mentioned at least one calendar roller is, in particular, part of a calendar, preferably part of a calendar including at least two calendar rollers or at least one pair of calendar rollers. When the laminate is fixed using at least one calendar roller (especially for generating the embossing pattern) and at least one thermal fluid type main fixing device in a preferred embodiment, in particular, a spunbond nonwoven fabric laminate characterized by further improved mechanical stability, and at the same time, advantageously low bending stiffness, and furthermore, particularly satisfactory abrasion resistance, and further, advantageous visual characteristics is produced.

[0053] To solve the above technical problem, the present invention further provides a method for manufacturing a spunbond nonwoven fabric laminate having at least two spunbond nonwoven fabric layers made of endless filaments (in particular, the spunbond nonwoven fabric laminate described above), comprising manufacturing a crimped endless filament and depositing it to form at least one crimp-spunbond nonwoven fabric layer. At this time, the crimped endless filament of the crimp-spunbond nonwoven fabric layer is a multi-component filament, in particular a bicomponent filament, containing at least one first (especially low melting point) plastic component and at least one second (especially higher melting point) plastic component, and manufacturing a non-crimped endless filament and / or an endless filament that is less crimped compared to the endless filament of the at least one crimp-spunbond nonwoven fabric layer, and depositing it, especially depositing it above the at least one crimp-spunbond nonwoven fabric layer to form at least one reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven fabric layer. At this time, the endless filament of the reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven fabric layer contains at least one bonding component disposed on its surface, and the difference in melting temperature between the bonding component of the endless filament of the reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven fabric layer and the first (especially low melting point) plastic component of the endless filament of the crimp-spunbond nonwoven fabric layer is less than 15°C, especially less than 12°C, preferably less than 8°C, particularly preferably less than 5°C, very preferably less than 3°C, especially preferably less than 2°C, for example 0°C or about 0°C, and the laminate has a maximum flexural rigidity using a cantilever of at most 100 mm, especially at most 90 mm, preferably at most 80 mm, particularly preferably at most 75 mm, especially preferably at most 70 mm, which teaches the above method.

[0054] Within the framework of the method of the present invention, a crimped endless filament is produced and deposited, in particular above said at least one reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer to form at least one second crimp - spunbond nonwoven layer, with the result that, in particular preferably, a laminate of at least three layers, in particular a three - layer laminate, is produced, wherein it is preferred that said at least one reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer forms the intermediate layer.

[0055] Said laminate is fixed or finally fixed using at least one calendar roller, where, using this at least one calendar roller, an embossing pattern consisting of a plurality of embosses, among other things, is introduced into the laminate, and in this case, these embosses preferably each have an embossed surface ranging from 2 0.05 to 0.3 mm, among other things from 2 0.06 to 0.2 mm, preferably from 2 0.07 to 0.18 mm, particularly preferably from 2 0.08 to 0.15 mm, especially preferably from 2 0.09 to 0.12 mm. It is particularly preferred that they have an embossed surface up to this range.

[0056] It is within the framework of the method of the present invention that the laminate or the nonwoven fabric is fixed, in particular fixed by means of at least one hot-fluid main fixing device, in particular by means of at least one hot-air main fixing device, especially after being fixed, in particular by using at least one calendar roller, especially by using at least one calendar or calendar roller pair having the calendar roller. According to yet another preferred embodiment of the method of the present invention, after the laminate is deposited on a deposition device, in particular on a deposition screen belt, it is first pre-fixed by means of at least one pre-fixing device, in particular by means of at least one hot-fluid pre-fixing device, especially by means of at least one hot-air pre-fixing device, and then, in particular, fixed by means of at least one calendar roller, and then, in particular, fixed, especially main-fixed, by means of a hot-fluid main fixing device or a hot-air main fixing device. In the context of the present invention, pre-fixing means fixing the laminate or one of the layers of the laminate, which in particular ensures transportability, but which, in particular, results in a lower degree of fixing of the laminate compared to fixing or main-fixing.

[0057] It is within the scope of the present invention that the at least one crimp - spunbond nonwoven layer, in particular the at least two crimp - spunbond nonwoven layers, and the at least one reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer are produced according to the spunbond process or as spunbond layers. For this purpose, first, endless filaments are spun from a spinning head or a spinneret. These spun endless filaments are then, expediently, cooled in a cooling chamber and drawn in a drawing device. In this case, this cooling and drawing are carried out, in particular, in a cooling and drawing combined unit. It is recommended to carry out the drawing of the endless filaments as aerodynamic drawing. It is within the scope of the present invention that the connecting machine consisting of the cooling chamber and the drawing device, or the cooling and drawing combined unit, is formed as a closed system, except for the supply of air into the cooling chamber or the cooling unit. This means that, apart from the above - mentioned supply of air to the cooling chamber or the cooling unit, no further air supply to the connecting machine is carried out. It has been found that the above - mentioned embodiment of the closed system is particularly effective for the production of the laminate according to the present invention. According to one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the cooled and drawn endless filaments are guided by at least one diffuser for the spunbond nonwoven layer of the spunbond nonwoven laminate, and subsequently deposited on a deposition device, in particular on a deposition screen belt. Expediently, first, the endless filaments for the (first) crimp - spunbond nonwoven layer are deposited, then the endless filaments for the reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer, and in a preferred embodiment, subsequently, the endless filaments for the second crimp - endless filament layer are deposited on the deposition device or on the deposition screen belt. In principle, other orders of production and deposition of the individual spunbond nonwoven layers, and thus other layer structures of the resulting laminate, are also possible.

[0058] The present invention is based on the finding that the spunbond nonwoven laminate according to the present invention features an optimal compromise between mechanical stability, in particular sufficient longitudinal rigidity, satisfactory drapability, particularly advantageously low bending rigidity, and nevertheless sufficient abrasion resistance. The delamination phenomenon can be significantly avoided in the spunbond nonwoven laminate of the present invention. In the spunbond nonwoven laminate according to the present invention, in particular, the at least one crimp-spunbond nonwoven layer is responsible for its advantageous drapability or low bending rigidity. The at least one reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer contributes, inter alia, to the fact that the spunbond nonwoven laminate features advantageous mechanical stability, in particular satisfactory longitudinal rigidity. Furthermore, the adjustment of the filament components of the reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer, or the reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer and the at least one crimp-spunbond nonwoven layer, advantageously contributes to the fact that the delamination phenomenon in the spunbond nonwoven laminate is avoided and the further improved abrasion resistance of the spunbond nonwoven laminate occurs. According to a preferred embodiment of the spunbond nonwoven laminate according to the present invention or the method according to the present invention, when an embossing pattern consisting of a plurality of embossings with a special embossing surface area is provided, these further contribute to the advantageous mechanical stability of the spunbond nonwoven laminate, whereby visual damage to the spunbond nonwoven laminate is almost completely avoided by the embossing pattern. The above advantages according to the present invention are achieved by means that are not overly laborious, and it should also be emphasized that the spunbond nonwoven laminate according to the present invention, as well as the method according to the present invention for producing such a spunbond nonwoven laminate, also feature advantageous economy.

[0059] The present invention will be described in more detail below based on an example showing only one preferred embodiment of the present invention. Within the framework of the present invention and in this example, the spunbond nonwoven laminate according to the present invention is manufactured from three spunbond nonwoven layers using a three-beam apparatus. At this time, these three spunbond nonwoven layers are manufactured in particular according to the spunbond method. Advantageously, the three spunbond nonwoven layers are manufactured according to the meltblown method. At this time, the filaments spun into the spunbond nonwoven are first guided into a cooling chamber, cooled there with cooling air, and then introduced into a stretching unit for aerodynamic stretching. Advantageously and in this example, in the production of each spunbond nonwoven layer, it is carried out using a cooling and stretching composite unit configured as a closed system. This means that in this cooling and stretching unit, except for the supply of air into the cooling chamber, no further supply of air from the outside is carried out. After passing through the stretching unit, the filaments of each spunbond nonwoven are guided into a diffuser and then deposited on a deposition screen belt to form a spunbond nonwoven layer.

[0060] Within the framework of the present invention and in this example, the lower (first) crimp-spunbond nonwoven layer consists of crimped endless filaments having an eccentric core-sheath configuration. At this time, this first (especially and in this example, low-melting point) plastic component of the endless filaments forms the sheath component and preferably consists essentially of a polypropylene copolymer (Basell RP248R). The second (especially and in this example, higher-melting point) plastic component of the endless filaments of the (first) lower crimp-spunbond nonwoven layer preferably forms the core component and, advantageously, consists essentially of a homopolypropylene (Exxon PP3155E5) (preferably and in this example, polymerized with a Ziegler-Natta catalyst).

[0061] For the purpose and in this example, the endless filaments of the reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer that forms the intermediate layer of the three - layer spunbond nonwoven laminate are, preferably and in this example, single - component filaments. This single - component filament consists essentially of a bonding component or a first plastic, and in this example, this first plastic is a homopolypropylene polymerized with a metallocene catalyst (Atofina MR2001) for the purpose and in this example. The single - component filament is non - crimped.

[0062] For the upper second crimp - spunbond nonwoven layer as well, especially and in this example, the same data as described above for the first lower crimp - spunbond nonwoven layer applies. In this resulting three - layer laminate, the difference in melting temperature between the bonding component of the endless filaments of the reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer and the first (especially and in this example, low - melting - point) plastic component of the endless filaments of the crimp - spunbond nonwoven layer is less than 3°C. At this time, for the purpose, the bonding component of the endless filaments of the reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer has a higher melting temperature than the first plastic component of the endless filaments of the crimp - spunbond nonwoven layer. Further, the resulting spunbond nonwoven laminate has, for the purpose and in this example, a 41 - mm cantilever in the MD direction. In this spunbond nonwoven laminate, especially and in this example, in the machine direction (MD), a tensile force of 6.4 N / 5 cm occurs at 5% elongation and 10.0 N / 5 cm at 10% elongation.

[0063] The present invention will be described in more detail below based on the drawings showing only one example.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0064]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Example

[0065] Using the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 or by the method according to the present invention, and in particular in this example, it is possible to produce a spunbond nonwoven laminate 1 having at least three spunbond nonwoven layers 2, 3, 4 made of endless filaments. And in particular in this example, this spunbond nonwoven laminate 1 consists only of three spunbond nonwoven layers 2, 3, 4, and in this case, these are preferably and in this example, the lower crimp-spunbond nonwoven layer 2, the reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer 3 formed as an intermediate layer, and the second upper crimp-spunbond nonwoven layer 4. The endless filaments are, for the purpose and in this example, made of a thermoplastic plastic.

[0066] And in particular in the example based on FIG. 1, the spunbond nonwoven laminate 1 has a first lower crimp-spunbond nonwoven layer 2 and a second upper crimp-spunbond nonwoven layer 4, which each consist of or consist essentially of crimped endless filaments. The crimped endless filaments of the crimp-spunbond nonwoven layers 2, 4 may preferably and in this example have an eccentric core-sheath configuration. In this case, preferably, the core consists of or consists essentially of homopolypropylene, and the sheath consists of or consists essentially of a polypropylene copolymer for the purpose and in this example.

[0067] More preferably and in this example, the spunbond nonwoven laminate 1 has a reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer 3 disposed between two crimp-spunbond nonwoven layers 2, 4. The reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer 3 consists especially of non-crimp endless filaments, and for the purpose and in this example, the non-crimp endless filaments of the reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer 3 have a concentric or symmetric core-sheath configuration, wherein the sheath of the endless filaments of the reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer 3 is formed from a bonding component, which consists of or consists essentially of a first plastic, which for the purpose and in this example is a polypropylene copolymer, and especially preferably, this plastic is the same polypropylene copolymer that forms the sheath component of the endless filaments of the crimp-spunbond nonwoven layers 2, 4. The core component of the endless filaments of the reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer 3 consists of or consists essentially of a homopolypropylene polymerized by a metallocene catalyst, especially and in this example.

[0068] For the production of the spunbond nonwoven laminate 1, preferably and in this example, first, the endless filaments of the first lower crimp-spunbond nonwoven layer 2 are produced and deposited on a deposition device not shown in detail in FIG. 1 and, optionally, densified or pre-fixed. Then, especially, the non-crimp endless filaments of the reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer 3 are produced and, especially and in this example, deposited on the first lower crimp-spunbond nonwoven layer 2 and, optionally, densified or pre-fixed. Then, preferably, the crimped endless filaments of the second upper crimp-spunbond nonwoven layer 4 are produced and, especially and in this example, deposited above the reinforcing-spunbond nonwoven layer 3 and, optionally, densified or pre-fixed. The individual devices for densification or pre-fixation are not shown in detail in FIG. 1.

[0069] An assembly consisting of two crimp - spunbond nonwoven layers 2, 4 and a reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer 3 is then finally fixed using a calendar, which has at least one calendar roller 8, and in particular in this embodiment has a pair of calendar rollers. It is within the scope of the present invention that an embossing pattern 5 consisting of a plurality of embossments 6 provided in particular is introduced into the laminate 1 using the calendar roller 8. This will be explained in more detail below. The second calendar roller is preferably formed with a smooth or a smooth surface.

[0070] In other respects, in FIG. 1, three devices 9 for manufacturing a spunbond nonwoven layer are schematically shown, and thus, so to speak, they are three - beam devices with three spinning beams. FIG. 2 shows the basic structure of a device 9 for manufacturing a spunbond nonwoven layer, for example a crimp - spunbond nonwoven layer 2, according to the spunbond method, and includes a spinneret or spinning beam 10 for spinning endless filaments for the spunbond nonwoven layer. The endless filaments spun from the spinneret or spinning beam 10 are introduced into a cooling device 11 having a cooling chamber 12. In particular and in this embodiment, on two opposite sides of the cooling chamber 12, air supply cabins 13, 14 arranged one above the other are arranged. From these air supply cabins 13, 14 arranged one above the other, air of preferably different temperatures is introduced into the cooling chamber 12.

[0071] As is recommended and in this embodiment, in the flow direction of the filaments, a stretching device 15 for stretching the endless filaments is arranged after the cooling device 11. Advantageously and in this embodiment, the stretching device 15 has an intermediate channel 16, which connects the cooling device 11 to the stretching shaft 17 of the stretching device 15. Preferably and in this embodiment, the connecting machine consisting of the cooling device 11, the intermediate channel 16 and the stretching shaft 17 is configured as a closed connecting machine, and apart from the supply of cooling air into the cooling device 11, no further external air supply to this connecting machine is carried out.

[0072] For the purpose and in this embodiment, in the flow direction of the filament, a diffuser 18 is connected to the stretching device 15, through which the endless filament is guided. After passing through the diffuser 18, the endless filament is deposited, especially and in this embodiment, on a deposition device configured as a deposition screen belt 19. The deposition screen belt 19 is preferably and in this embodiment designed as an endless circulating deposition screen belt 19. It is within the scope of the present invention that the deposition screen belt 19 is air-permeable, so that suction of process air from below through the deposition screen belt is possible. FIG. 2 also shows the conveying direction F of the spunbond nonwoven layer 2 or laminate and the deposition screen belt 19, and thus the machine direction (MD).

[0073] FIGS. 3 and 4 show a laminate 1 according to the invention having spunbond nonwoven layers 2, 3 and 4. The laminate 1 has, especially and in this embodiment, an embossing pattern 5 consisting of a plurality of embossings 6 that are not connected to each other. At this time, the embossing 6 especially means a densified part of the nonwoven fabric 1, that is, the laminate 1 has a thinner thickness compared to the area not embossed, and the endless filaments of the laminate 1 especially mean the places where they are at least partially bonded or fused to each other by the action of pressure and / or temperature. The embossing pattern 5 is preferably and in this embodiment a regular embossing pattern 5, and its individual embossings 6 are especially and in this embodiment arranged in a distributed state on the laminate 1 or on the nonwoven fabric at regular intervals.

[0074] For the purpose and in this embodiment, each of the embossings 6 is from 0.05 to 0.3 mm 2It has an embossed surface up to [a certain point]. The embossed surface 7 of the emboss 6, within the framework of the present invention and in this embodiment, particularly means the embossed surface of the emboss 6. At this time, when determining the area of the embossed surface 7, material protrusions or material bulges that are formed during the pressing or embossing process and at least partially surround the emboss 6 are not part of the embossed surface 7 of the emboss 6. This can be seen, in particular, in the hatched depiction in FIG. 4. Even more preferably and in this embodiment, the embossed surfaces 7 of the individual embosses 6 of the embossing pattern 5 are of the same size or essentially of the same size. In particular and in this embodiment, the embossed surface 7 of the emboss 6 has a dot-shaped or circular geometry when viewed from above.

[0075] Within the framework of the present invention, the minimum distance d between two embosses 6 of the embossing pattern 5 is from 0.6 to 2.5 mm respectively. At this time, the minimum distance d between two embosses 6 particularly means the minimum distance d between two directly adjacent embosses 6 of the embossing pattern 5, that is, preferably, the minimum distance d between one emboss 6 and the emboss 6 closest to it in the embossing pattern 5. Further, the minimum distance d between two embosses 6 particularly means the minimum distance d between the respective emboss boundaries of the two embosses 6, that is, the minimum distance between these two embosses 6 along the surface of the unembossed spunbond nonwoven laminate 1 or nonwoven fabric existing between the two embosses 6 (FIG. 3).

[0076] Purposefully, the thickness h of the spunbond nonwoven laminate 1 is from 0.15 to 0.75 mm. In the embodiments based on these drawings, the thickness h of the laminate 1 can be about 0.3 mm. At this time, the thickness h means the maximum thickness or total thickness of the laminate 1 in a direction transverse to the flat extension in the unembossed area of the spunbond nonwoven laminate 1, particularly in a vertical or essentially vertical direction. This can be seen, in particular, in FIG. 4. Within the framework of the present invention, the thickness h particularly relates to the completed, optionally pre-fixed and / or finally fixed laminate 1.

Claims

1. A spunbond nonwoven laminate (1) having at least two spunbond nonwoven layers (2, 3) made of endless filaments, wherein at least one crimp - spunbond nonwoven layer (2) is present, and this at least one crimp - spunbond nonwoven layer (2) contains crimped endless filaments, especially consists of or consists essentially of crimped endless filaments. At this time, the crimped endless filaments of the at least one crimp - spunbond nonwoven layer (2) are multi - component filaments, especially bicomponent filaments, which contain at least one first (especially low - melting - point) plastic component and at least one second (especially higher - melting - point) plastic component, and at least one reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer (3) is present, and this at least one reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer (3) consists of or consists essentially of non - crimped endless filaments and / or endless filaments that are less crimped compared to the endless filaments of the at least one crimp - spunbond nonwoven layer (2). At this time, the endless filaments of the reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer (3) have at least one binding component arranged on its surface, and the difference in melting temperature between the binding component of the endless filaments of the reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer (3) and the first (especially low - melting - point) plastic component of the endless filaments of the at least one crimp - spunbond nonwoven layer (2) is less than 15°C, especially less than 12°C, preferably less than 8°C, particularly preferably less than 5°C, very preferably less than 3°C, especially preferably less than 2°C, for example 0°C or about 0°C, and the laminate (1) has a maximum bending rigidity using a cantilever of at most 100 mm, especially at most 90 mm, preferably at most 80 mm, particularly preferably at most 75 mm, especially preferably at most 70 mm, spunbond nonwoven laminate (1).

2. The spunbond nonwoven laminate according to claim 1, wherein the laminate (1) has a maximum bending rigidity using a cantilever of at most 65 mm, preferably at most 55 mm, particularly preferably at most 50 mm, especially preferably at most 45 mm.

3. The endless filaments of the at least one reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer (3) are single - component filaments consisting of or essentially consisting of the binding component, the spunbond nonwoven laminate according to claim 1 or 2.

4. The endless filaments of the at least one reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer (3) are multi - component filaments, particularly bicomponent filaments, preferably multi - component filaments or bicomponent filaments having a core - sheath configuration, particularly preferably multi - component filaments or bicomponent filaments having a concentric or symmetric core - sheath configuration and / or an eccentric core - sheath configuration. In this case, particularly preferably, at least one of the binding components of the endless filaments of the reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer (3) forms the sheath component of the endless filaments having a core - sheath configuration, the spunbond nonwoven laminate according to claim 1 or 2.

5. The core:sheath mass ratio of the endless filaments of the reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer (3) having a core - sheath configuration is from 50:50 to 95:5, especially from 55:45 to 85:15, preferably from 60:40 to 80:20, the spunbond nonwoven laminate according to claim 4.

6. The melting temperature of the binding component of the endless filaments of the reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer (3) is lower than the melting temperature of the second (especially the higher - melting - point) plastic component of the endless filaments of the at least one crimp - spunbond nonwoven layer (2). In this case, the difference in melting temperature between the second (especially the higher - melting - point) plastic component of the endless filaments of the at least one crimp - spunbond nonwoven layer (2) and the binding component of the endless filaments of the at least one reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer (3) is at least 2 °C, preferably at least 5 °C, particularly preferably at least 7 °C, the spunbond nonwoven laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The endless filaments of the at least one reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer (3) are more strongly oriented in the machine direction (MD) compared to the endless filaments of the at least one crimped - spunbond nonwoven layer (2), the spunbond nonwoven laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The fineness of the endless filaments of the at least one reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer (3) is less than 2.5 den, particularly less than 1.7 den, especially less than 1.5 den, preferably from 1.0 den to 1.4 den, particularly preferably from 1.2 den to 1.4 den, and / or the fineness of the endless filaments of the at least one crimped - spunbond nonwoven layer (2) is less than 3.0 den, particularly less than 2.0 den, preferably less than 1.7 den, particularly preferably from 1.0 den to 1.6 den, very particularly preferably from 1.2 den to 1.4 den, the spunbond nonwoven laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The at least one binding component of the endless filaments of the reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer (3) contains a first plastic, particularly consists of or consists essentially of the first plastic, wherein the first plastic is, inter alia, a homopolyolefin (particularly, homopolypropylene and / or homopolyethylene), and / or a polyolefin copolymer (particularly, a polypropylene copolymer and / or a polyethylene copolymer), the spunbond nonwoven laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The at least one binding component of the reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer (3) consists of or consists essentially of a mixture or blend of at least one first plastic and at least one second plastic, wherein preferably, the first plastic and / or the second plastic is a homopolyolefin (particularly, homopolypropylene and / or homopolyethylene) and / or a polyolefin copolymer (particularly, a polypropylene copolymer and / or a polyethylene copolymer), the spunbond nonwoven laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. The first (especially, low melting point) and / or the second (especially, higher melting point) plastic component of the endless filaments of the at least one crimped - spunbond nonwoven layer (2) is at least one homopolyolefin (especially, at least one homopolypropylene and / or at least one homopolyethylene) and / or at least one polyolefin copolymer (especially, at least one polypropylene copolymer and / or at least one polyethylene copolymer), the spunbond nonwoven laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. The binding component of the endless filaments of the reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer (3) and / or the first (especially, low melting point) plastic component of the endless filaments of the at least one crimped - spunbond nonwoven layer (2) and / or the second (especially, higher melting point) plastic component of the endless filaments of the at least one crimped - spunbond nonwoven layer (2) are each formed based on a polyolefin from the same group of polyolefin substances, especially based on polypropylene, the spunbond nonwoven laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

13. The endless filaments of the at least one crimped - spunbond nonwoven layer (2) are multi - component filaments having a side - by - side configuration and / or a core - sheath configuration, especially an eccentric core - sheath configuration, and in this case, preferably, in the case of the core - sheath configuration or the eccentric core - sheath configuration, the first (especially, low melting point) plastic component of the endless filaments of the at least one crimped - spunbond nonwoven layer (2) forms the sheath component, the spunbond nonwoven laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

14. The mass ratio of the first (especially, low melting point) plastic component of the endless filaments of the at least one crimp - spunbond nonwoven layer (2) to the second (especially, higher melting point) plastic component of the at least one crimp - spunbond nonwoven layer (2) is from 10:90 to 60:40, especially from 25:75 to 50:50, preferably from 30:70 to 40:60, the spunbond nonwoven laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. There is at least one second crimp - spunbond nonwoven layer (4), wherein the at least one reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer (3) is, in particular, disposed between the at least two crimp - spunbond nonwoven layers (2, 4), especially between two crimp - spunbond nonwoven layers (2, 4), the spunbond nonwoven laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 14.

16. The ratio of the tensile strength of the laminate (1) in the machine direction (MD) to the tensile strength of the laminate (1) in the cross - direction (CD) with respect to the machine direction is from 1.0 to 2.5, especially from 1.1 to 2.3, preferably from 1.2 to 2.0, particularly preferably from 1.3 to 1.9, the spunbond nonwoven laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

17. For the laminate (1), a tensile force exceeding 3.0 N / 5 cm, especially exceeding 4.0 N / 5 cm, preferably exceeding 4.5 N / 5 cm at 5% elongation and / or a tensile force exceeding 5.0 N / 5 cm, preferably exceeding 6.0 N / 5 cm, particularly preferably exceeding 7.0 N / 5 cm at 10% elongation occurs in the machine direction (MD), the spunbond nonwoven laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 16.

18. The laminate (1) has an embossed pattern (5), and the embossed pattern (5) consists of a plurality of (especially, non-connected to each other) embosses (6). At this time, each of the embosses (6) has an embossed surface (7) ranging from 0.05 to 0.3 mm ２ up to, especially from 0.06 to 0.2 mm ２ up to, preferably from 0.07 to 0.18 mm ２ up to, particularly preferably from 0.08 to 0.15 mm ２ up to, especially preferably from 0.09 to 0.12 mm ２ The spunbond nonwoven fabric laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 17, having an embossed surface (7) up to.

19. The ratio of the total embossed area of the embossing pattern (5) to the total surface area of the laminate (1) is from 2 to 12%, especially from 2.5 to 8%, preferably from 3 to 6%, particularly preferably from 3.5 to 5.5%, especially particularly preferably from 4 to 5%, the spunbond nonwoven laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 18.

20. The minimum distance d between two embosses (6) of the emboss pattern (5) is respectively from 0.6 to 2.5 mm, particularly from 0.8 to 2.0 mm, preferably from 0.9 to 1.8 mm, particularly preferably from 0.95 to 1.6 mm, and most preferably from 1.0 to 1.5 mm, for the spunbond nonwoven fabric laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 19.

21. The laminate (1) has a wear resistance of at least class 2 according to Martindale, particularly class 1 according to Martindale, for the spunbond nonwoven fabric laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 20.

22. A method for manufacturing a spunbond nonwoven fabric laminate having at least two spunbond nonwoven fabric layers (2, 3) made of endless filaments, particularly for manufacturing the spunbond nonwoven fabric laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 21, comprising manufacturing a crimped endless filament and depositing it to form at least one crimp-spunbond nonwoven fabric layer (2), wherein the crimped endless filament of the crimp-spunbond nonwoven fabric layer (2) is a multi-component filament, particularly a bicomponent filament, and this multi-component filament, particularly the bicomponent filament, contains at least one first (particularly, low melting point) plastic component and at least one second (particularly, higher melting point) plastic component, and manufacturing a non-crimped endless filament and / or an endless filament that is less crimped compared to the endless filament of the at least one crimp-spunbond nonwoven fabric layer (2) and depositing it, particularly depositing it above the at least one crimp-spunbond nonwoven fabric layer (2) to form at least one reinforcement-spunbond nonwoven fabric layer (3), wherein the endless filament of the reinforcement-spunbond nonwoven fabric layer (3) contains at least one bonding component disposed on its surface, and The difference in melting temperature between the binding component of the endless filaments of the reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer (3) and the first (especially low melting point) plastic component of the endless filaments of the crimp - spunbond nonwoven layer (2) is less than 15 °C, especially less than 12 °C, preferably less than 8 °C, particularly preferably less than 5 °C, very preferably less than 3 °C, especially preferably less than 2 °C, for example 0 °C or about 0 °C, and the laminate (1) has a maximum bending stiffness using a cantilever of at most 100 mm, especially at most 90 mm, preferably at most 80 mm, particularly preferably at most 75 mm, especially preferably at most 70 mm, The method. Claim 23 The method according to claim 22, wherein crimped endless filaments are produced and deposited, especially deposited above the at least one reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer (3) to form at least one second crimp - spunbond nonwoven layer (4), so that in particular, a laminate (1) of at least three layers, especially a three - layer laminate, is produced in which the at least one reinforcing - spunbond nonwoven layer (3) forms an intermediate layer. Claim 24 The laminate (1) is fixed or finally fixed using at least one calendar roller (8), and an embossing pattern consisting of a plurality of embosses (6) is introduced into the laminate (1) using the at least one calendar roller (8), where each of the embosses (6) has an embossed surface (7) ranging from 0.05 to 0.3 mm ２ up to, in particular, from 0.06 to 0.2 mm ２ up to, preferably from 0.07 to 0.18 mm ２ up to, particularly preferably from 0.08 to 0.15 mm ２ up to, very particularly preferably from 0.09 to 0.12 mm ２ The method according to claim 22 or 23, having an embossed surface (7) up to

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