Battery pack

Abstract

The present invention relates to a battery pack (10). The battery pack (10) includes a casing (20) and a plurality of battery cells (12) disposed inside the casing (20). A plurality of conduits (60) are disposed at the bottom of the casing (20) and protrude to the exterior of the casing (20). The plurality of conduits (60) are configured to allow a dielectric coolant (40) to flow through the plurality of conduits (60). The battery pack (10) also includes a pump (70) attached to the casing (20). The pump (70) is configured to circulate the dielectric coolant (40) between the casing (20) and the plurality of conduits (60). The plurality of conduits (60) are configured to dissipate heat from the dielectric coolant (40) to the ambient atmosphere.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates generally to battery packs, and more particularly to systems for cooling battery packs. [Background technology]

[0002] A battery pack includes multiple battery cells interconnected with each other. A battery pack achieves a desired voltage by connecting several battery cells in series, with each battery cell adding its voltage potential to derive an overall terminal voltage. Similarly, a battery pack achieves a desired current by connecting several battery cells in parallel. The use of battery packs as energy sources is becoming increasingly popular worldwide due to the advantages offered by stored electrical energy, especially compared to energy generated by fossil fuel-powered internal combustion engines. Thus, battery packs are used to power a variety of electrical and electronic devices, including high-power applications such as powering automobiles, work machines, and power tools.

[0003] A battery pack is an energy source for electric vehicles, providing the electrical energy needed to propel the vehicle and power its auxiliary components. During the battery pack's charge and discharge cycles, the battery pack emits a large amount of heat, causing the battery cells in the battery pack to heat up. Higher temperatures are detrimental to the health of the battery cells, as they can lead to faster capacity loss and be more susceptible to thermal runaway. Battery cell capacity loss reduces the performance and lifespan of the battery pack. Furthermore, battery cell thermal runaway poses a significant safety risk, as it can lead to battery pack fire and explosion. Ideally, regardless of ambient thermal conditions, battery cells should be maintained between 25°C and 45°C for optimal performance, lifespan, and safety. Maintaining a uniform temperature throughout the cells and optimal thermal conditions throughout the battery pack is important to ensure safe cell operation and optimal battery life.

[0004] Generally, two types of cooling systems are used to cool battery packs: active cooling and passive cooling. Small-capacity battery packs generally require only passive cooling to maintain their temperature below an upper threshold. However, larger-capacity battery packs generate more heat and therefore use active cooling measures to maintain their temperature below an upper threshold. Conventional passive cooling systems use normal conduction-convection cooling to dissipate heat generated inside the battery pack to the ambient environment. Phase change materials (PCMs) may also be used to absorb the generated heat and gradually dissipate it to the ambient environment. Traditionally, active cooling systems use forced air cooling, in which airflow is continuously maintained over the surface of the battery pack to carry away heat, or liquid cooling, in which a refrigerant is circulated through the battery pack to absorb heat from the battery cells. Passive cooling measures are not very effective in cooling battery packs because the cooling efficiency decreases as the temperature of the battery pack increases. In the case of PCM, once all of the PCM melts due to heat absorption, the phase transition stops and heat absorption drops dramatically. These phenomena lead to very high battery temperatures due to a decrease in cooling efficiency as the temperature of the battery pack gradually increases.

[0005] Therefore, active cooling systems have better performance and are more suitable for cooling larger capacity battery packs. However, active cooling systems known in the art are bulky and consume a lot of space. Furthermore, a separate cooling system must be provided to dissipate heat from the coolant used, for example, a separate, bulky heat exchanger located outside the battery pack is commonly used to cool the coolant used. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] Therefore, there is a need in the art for a battery pack with a compact and efficient liquid cooling system that addresses at least the aforementioned problems and limitations. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] In one aspect, the present invention is directed to a battery pack. The battery pack includes a casing and a plurality of battery cells disposed inside the casing. A plurality of conduits are disposed at a bottom of the casing and protrude to an exterior of the casing. The plurality of conduits are adapted to allow a dielectric coolant to flow through the plurality of conduits. The battery pack further includes a pump attached to the casing. The pump circulates the dielectric coolant between the casing and the plurality of conduits. The plurality of conduits are adapted to dissipate heat from the dielectric coolant to the ambient atmosphere.

[0008] In one embodiment, the casing includes a first cover member and a second cover member. The second cover member has a base wall and one or more side walls extending perpendicularly from the base wall. The first cover member is coupled to the side walls of the second cover member to form the casing. The first cover member and the second cover member together define a casing cavity.

[0009] In one embodiment, a plurality of battery cells are housed inside the cavity, and the plurality of battery cells are immersed in a dielectric coolant.

[0010] In one embodiment, the casing includes a plurality of fins integrally formed with the casing, the fins protruding outside the cavity, the fins being provided on the base wall of the second cover member and adapted to dissipate heat from the casing to the ambient atmosphere.

[0011] In one embodiment, the plurality of conduits are disposed outside the cavity and interspersed among the plurality of fins. The plurality of conduits are provided in the base wall of the second cover member.

[0012] In one embodiment, the battery pack is oriented to have multiple fins and multiple ducts along the incoming airflow, which is generated by moving wind or forced air from a cooling fan.

[0013] In one embodiment, the fins are spaced apart so as to be parallel to one another, hi another embodiment, the conduits include transverse tubes aligned parallel to the fins.

[0014] In one embodiment, the battery pack includes an inlet tube that receives the dielectric coolant from the cavity and delivers the dielectric coolant to the plurality of conduits. The inlet tube is disposed along an edge of the base wall of the second cover member. The inlet tube is perpendicular to the plurality of conduits.

[0015] In one embodiment, the battery pack includes an outlet tube that receives the dielectric coolant from the plurality of conduits and returns the dielectric coolant to the casing cavity through the outlet tube, the outlet tube being positioned along another edge of the base wall of the second cover member opposite the inlet tube.

[0016] In one embodiment, the battery pack includes a first pipe member and a second pipe member, the first pipe member adapted to transport the dielectric refrigerant from the casing cavity to the pump, and the second pipe member adapted to transport the dielectric refrigerant from the pump to the inlet tube.

[0017] In another embodiment, the battery pack includes a third pipe member adapted to transport the dielectric refrigerant from the outlet tube to the cavity of the casing. In one embodiment, the third pipe member has a first connecting tube that receives the dielectric refrigerant from the outlet tube and a second connecting tube that receives the dielectric refrigerant from the first connecting tube and transports the dielectric refrigerant to the cavity.

[0018] In yet another embodiment, the pump causes the dielectric refrigerant to flow from the cavity to the inlet tube, through the transverse tubes into the outlet tube, and back into the cavity from the outlet tube, and from the inlet tube to the multiple conduits.

[0019] In one embodiment, a plurality of battery cells disposed in contact with the casing dissipate heat to a plurality of fins while simultaneously dissipating heat to a dielectric coolant surrounding the battery cells.

[0020] In another embodiment, each of the plurality of conduits is in thermal contact with at least one of the plurality of fins to enable heat dissipation from the dielectric coolant flowing through the respective conduit to the corresponding fin, while simultaneously dissipating heat from the dielectric coolant flowing through the respective conduit to the ambient atmosphere.

[0021] Reference will now be made to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which may be illustrated in the accompanying drawings. These drawings are intended to be illustrative, not limiting. While the invention will generally be described in the context of these embodiments, it should be understood that it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention to these particular embodiments. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0022] [Figure 1] 1 illustrates a top perspective view of an exemplary battery pack, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] 1 shows a cross-sectional perspective view of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 illustrates a bottom perspective view of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] 1 illustrates a perspective view of multiple conduits, inlet tubes, and outlet tubes of a battery pack, according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] 1 illustrates a perspective view of several conduits, inlet tubes, outlet tubes, and an exemplary pump of a battery pack, according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] 1 illustrates a top perspective view of a battery pack and an exemplary third pipe member of the battery pack, according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] 1 illustrates a top perspective view of a battery pack and an exemplary second cover member of the battery pack, according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] 1 illustrates a perspective view of multiple conduits, an inlet tube, an outlet tube, an exemplary first pipe piece, an exemplary second pipe piece, and a third pipe piece, according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9] 1 illustrates a perspective view of several lines, inlet tubes, outlet tubes, and pumps of a battery pack showing the direction of flow of the dielectric coolant, according to one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0023] Various features and embodiments of the present invention can now be appreciated from the further description thereof set forth below.

[0024] The present invention relates generally to battery packs, and more particularly to systems for cooling battery packs. In the following exemplary embodiment, the battery pack is shown as having an octagonal pyramidal shape. However, it is believed that the disclosure herein may be applied to any battery pack capable of housing the present invention without negating the scope of the present invention.

[0025] FIG. 1 shows a top perspective view of an exemplary battery pack 10 according to one embodiment of the present invention. The battery pack 10 includes a casing 20. The casing 20 includes a first cover member 22 and a second cover member 24. The second cover member 24 has a base wall 240 and one or more side walls 242. The one or more side walls 242 extend perpendicularly from the base wall 240 to define a chamber therebetween and an opening at the mouth of the chamber. The first cover member 22 is coupled to the side walls 242 to cover the chamber opening, thereby forming the casing 20 and defining the cavity 30 therein. In the illustrated embodiment, the casing 20 has an octagonal pyramidal shape and has eight side walls 242 extending from the base wall 240.

[0026] FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional perspective view of a battery pack 10 according to one embodiment of the present invention. The battery pack 10 includes a plurality of battery cells 12 disposed within a dielectric coolant 40 inside a casing 20. In the illustrated embodiment, the plurality of battery cells 12 are cylindrical battery cells. The plurality of battery cells 12 may be any type of battery cell, such as prismatic battery cells. In one embodiment, the battery pack 10 is provided with a cell holder to securely receive the plurality of battery cells 12. The cell holder may be provided with only the first cover member 22, only the second cover member 24, or both the first cover member 22 and the second cover member 24. The plurality of battery cells 12 are immersed in a dielectric coolant 40. The dielectric coolant 40 enables immersion cooling of the plurality of battery cells 12. The casing 20 is formed to have an airtight structure to retain the dielectric coolant 40 within the cavity 30 without leakage. In one embodiment, the plurality of battery cells 12 are completely immersed in the dielectric coolant 40. In another embodiment, the plurality of battery cells 12 are only partially immersed in the dielectric coolant 40. The battery pack 10 includes a plurality of conduits 60 adapted to allow the dielectric coolant 40 to flow therethrough. The plurality of conduits 60 are also adapted to dissipate heat from the dielectric coolant 40 to the ambient atmosphere. The plurality of conduits 60 are disposed on the casing 20 externally of the casing 20, i.e., outside the cavity 30 of the casing 20. In the illustrated embodiment, the plurality of conduits 60 are provided in the base wall 240 of the second cover member 24 and are in thermal communication with the ambient atmosphere. In one embodiment, the plurality of conduits 60 are embedded in and in thermal communication with the base wall 240. In a further embodiment, the plurality of conduits 60 are constructed by lateral tubes 62 (shown in FIG. 4 ). The lateral tubes 62 are arranged parallel to one another.

[0027] FIG. 3 shows a bottom perspective view of the battery pack 10 according to one embodiment of the present invention. The casing 20 includes a plurality of fins 50 integrally formed with the casing 20. The fins 50 protrude outside the cavity 30. In the illustrated embodiment, the fins 50 are provided on the base wall 240 of the second cover member 24. The fins 50 are adapted to dissipate heat from the casing 20 to the ambient air. Furthermore, the fins 50 are spaced apart and parallel to one another for optimal heat dissipation to the ambient air. In one embodiment, the fins 50 have a cubic shape with a rectangular cross section and a linear longitudinal length, and the fins 50 are parallel to one another. In yet another embodiment, the fins 50 are molded or machined onto the casing 20 so as to be integrally formed with the casing 20 to achieve minimal thermal resistance. In the illustrated embodiment, the fins 50 are molded or machined onto the base wall 240 of the second cover member 24. 2 and 3 , in one embodiment, the multiple ducts 60, i.e., the transverse tubes 62, are interspersed among the multiple fins 50. In another embodiment, each transverse tube 62 is sandwiched between a pair of fins 50, and the transverse tubes 62 are aligned parallel to the multiple fins 50. In yet another embodiment, the battery pack 10 is oriented with the multiple fins 50 and multiple ducts 60 aligned along the incoming airflow. This arrangement allows for the best possible cooling efficiency, as the flowing air carries heat away from the multiple fins 50 and multiple ducts 60. In one embodiment, the battery pack 10 is mounted to a vehicle, and the incoming airflow is generated by moving wind induced by the vehicle's motion. The battery pack 10 may be mounted in line with the vehicle floor or may have any other arrangement that allows the incoming airflow to flow parallel to the multiple fins 50 and multiple ducts 60. In another embodiment, the incoming airflow is generated by forced air generated by a cooling fan.

[0028] The battery pack 10 includes a pump 70 mounted to the casing 20. The pump 70 is adapted to circulate the dielectric coolant 40 between the cavity 30 and the plurality of conduits 60. In the illustrated embodiment, the pump 70 is mounted externally to the casing 20. However, in one embodiment, the pump 70 may be mounted inside the cavity 30. Furthermore, the pump 70 may be mounted to the first cover member 22 or the second cover member 24. In one embodiment, the pump 70 is secured to the casing 20 using any type of fastener known in the art.

[0029] FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of the multiple conduits 60, inlet tube 80, and outlet tube 82 of the battery pack 10 according to one embodiment of the present invention. The battery pack 10 includes the inlet tube 80. The inlet tube 80 receives the dielectric coolant 40 from the cavity 30 of the casing 20 and transports the dielectric coolant 40 to the multiple conduits 60. In one embodiment, a pump 70 receives the dielectric coolant 40 from the cavity 30 and pumps the dielectric coolant 40 into the inlet tube 80. The connection between the cavity 30, the pump 70, and the inlet tube 80 is internal. In another embodiment, the inlet tube 80 is positioned along the edge of the base wall 240 of the second cover member 24. This positioning allows the lateral tube 62 to have a maximum length for heat dissipation. In yet another embodiment, the inlet tube 80 is positioned perpendicular to the multiple conduits 60. The inlet tube 80 and the multiple conduits 60, i.e., the lateral tube 62, are in fluid communication with each other and are internally connected. The battery pack 10 further includes an outlet tube 82 that receives the dielectric coolant 40 from the plurality of conduits 60 and conveys the dielectric coolant 40 to the pump 70. The dielectric coolant 40 is returned from the pump 70 to the cavity 30 of the casing 20. In one embodiment, the outlet tube 82 is disposed along another edge of the base wall 240 opposite the inlet tube 80. In one embodiment, the outlet tube 82 and the plurality of conduits 60, i.e., the lateral tube 62, are in fluid communication with and internally connected to one another. In a further embodiment, the outlet tube 82 comprises a first section and a second section, the first section being disposed along another edge of the base wall 240 opposite the inlet tube 80. The second section of the outlet tube 82 bends along yet another edge of the base wall 240 such that the second section is disposed perpendicular to the plurality of conduits 60 and the first section of the outlet tube 82. This allows the dielectric coolant 40 to flow farther to dissipate more heat before being pumped back into the cavity 30 .

[0030] FIG. 5 illustrates a perspective view of multiple conduits 60, an inlet tube 80, an outlet tube 82, and an exemplary pump 70 of a battery pack 10, according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 illustrates a top perspective view of a battery pack 10 and an exemplary third pipe member 84 of the battery pack 10, according to one embodiment of the present invention. With reference to FIGS. 5 and 6 , the battery pack 10 includes a third pipe member 84 adapted to transport the dielectric refrigerant 40 from the outlet tube 82 to the cavity 30 of the casing 20. In the illustrated embodiment, the third pipe member 84 includes a first connecting tube 86 and a second connecting tube 88. The first connecting tube 86 receives the dielectric refrigerant 40 from the outlet tube 82. The second connecting tube 88 receives the dielectric refrigerant 40 from the first connecting tube 86 and transports the dielectric refrigerant 40 to the cavity 30. The first connecting tube 86 is in fluid communication with the outlet tube 82 at one end and with the second connecting tube 88 at the other end. The second connecting tube 88 is in fluid communication with the first connecting tube 86 at one end and in fluid communication with the cavity 30 of the casing 20 at the other end. In the embodiment shown, the first connecting tube 86 is an L-bend tube. In the embodiment shown, the second connecting tube 88 is a J-bend tube.

[0031] FIG. 7 illustrates a top perspective view of the battery pack 10 and an exemplary second cover member 24 of the battery pack 10, according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 illustrates a perspective view of a plurality of conduits 60, an inlet tube 80, an outlet tube 82, an exemplary first pipe member 72, an exemplary second pipe member 74, and a third pipe member 84, according to one embodiment of the present invention. With reference to FIGS. 7 and 8 , the first pipe member 72 is adapted to transport the dielectric refrigerant 40 from the cavity 30 of the casing 20 to the pump 70. The first pipe member 72 is in fluid communication with the cavity 30 of the casing 20 at one end and with the pump 70 at the other end. The second pipe member 74 is adapted to transport the dielectric refrigerant 40 from the pump 70 to the inlet tube 80. The second pipe member 74 is in fluid communication with the pump 70 at one end and with the inlet tube 80 at the other end. In one embodiment, the connection bonds between cavity 30 and first pipe member 72, between first pipe member 72 and pump 70, between pump 70 and second pipe member 74, between second pipe member 74 and inlet tube 80, between inlet tube 80 and plurality of conduits 60, between plurality of conduits 60 and outlet tube 82, between outlet tube 82 and third pipe member 84, and between third pipe member 84 and cavity 30 are all brazed to form sealed, airtight bonds that prevent leakage of dielectric refrigerant 40. In another embodiment, inlet tube 80, plurality of conduits 60, outlet tube 82, first pipe member 72, second pipe member 74, and third pipe member 84 all have the same cross-sectional area.

[0032] 9 shows a perspective view of the multiple conduits 60, inlet tube 80, outlet tube 82, and pump 70 of the battery pack 10, illustrating the flow direction of the dielectric coolant 40, according to one embodiment of the present invention. The pump 70 causes the dielectric coolant 40 to flow from the cavity 30 into the inlet tube 80 due to the low pressure created in the inlet tube 80. The dielectric coolant 40 flows from the inlet tube 80 into the multiple conduits 60 and through the lateral tube 62 into the outlet tube 82. The dielectric coolant 40 flows from the outlet tube 82 back into the cavity 30. Thus, the dielectric coolant 40 in the cavity 30, which absorbs heat generated by the multiple battery cells 12 and other heat-generating components of the battery pack 10, is pumped through the multiple conduits 60 to dissipate heat to the surrounding environment, and the cooled dielectric coolant 40 is returned to the cavity 30. In one embodiment, the pump 70 is adapted to be activated when the temperature of the battery pack exceeds a threshold temperature and to continue operating to pump the dielectric coolant 40 while the temperature of the battery pack 10 remains above the threshold temperature. For this purpose, a temperature monitoring system is provided within the battery pack 10. The monitoring of the temperature of the battery pack 10 and the operation of the pump 70 are monitored by an electronic device of the battery pack 10, for example, a battery management system. Furthermore, the battery pack 10 can be mounted horizontally, vertically, or at an angle to achieve the best heat dissipation and cooling efficiency.

[0033] 2 and 3 , the battery cells 12 and the conduits 60 are adapted for two-way cooling. The battery cells 12 arranged in contact with the casing 20 dissipate heat to the fins 50 while simultaneously dissipating heat to the dielectric coolant 40 surrounding the battery cells 12. In one embodiment, the bottom of the battery cells 12 in contact with the base wall 240 dissipates heat through the base wall 240 to both the fins 50 and the conduits 60, and simultaneously dissipates heat to the dielectric coolant 40. Each of the conduits 60 is in thermal contact with at least one of the fins 50 to enable heat dissipation from the dielectric coolant 40 flowing through the conduit 60 to the corresponding fin 50. A conduit 60 sandwiched between a pair of fins 50 dissipates heat to both fins 50 simultaneously. The plurality of conduits 60 are adapted to dissipate heat to the corresponding fins 50 while simultaneously dissipating heat from the dielectric coolant 40 flowing through each conduit 60 to the surrounding atmosphere.

[0034] The present invention also provides a battery pack and a submersion cooling system for the battery pack. The aforementioned battery pack configuration is not common, conventional, or well-understood in the art, because the inventive battery pack configuration provides solutions to existing problems in the prior art. Specifically, the battery pack achieves efficient and effective cooling of the battery cells and other heat-generating components of the battery pack, thereby improving battery performance, lifespan, and safety. The submersion cooling system disclosed in the present invention allows for a compact battery pack structure because it does not use a separate radiator. The radiator forms an integral part of the battery pack casing, appearing as fins integrated with the casing and multiple conduits embedded in the casing. This also ensures modularity of the battery pack, since the cooling system is integrated with the battery pack casing. The disclosed battery pack can be used in any type of vehicle, such as two- and three-wheeled vehicles, as well as large power tools using large-capacity batteries that require active cooling. The battery pack also improves cooling efficiency by providing maximum surface area for heat dissipation from the surfaces of the fins and conduits, allowing for two-way cooling. Other benefits include improved durability, better aesthetics, better ergonomics, reduced overall weight, reduced total number of parts used, and reduced overall cost.

[0035] While the present invention has been described with respect to specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the claims below. [Explanation of symbols]

[0036] 10 Battery pack 12 Multiple Battery Cells 20 Casing 22 first cover member 24 second cover member 240 Base wall 242 One or more side walls 30 Casing cavity 40 Dielectric Refrigerant 50 Multiple Fins 60 Multiple Pipes 62 Transverse tube 70 Pump 72 First pipe member 74 Second pipe member 80 inlet tube 82 Outlet tube 84 Third pipe member 86 First connecting tube 88 Second connecting tube

Claims

1. a casing (20); a plurality of battery cells (12) disposed inside the casing (20); a plurality of conduits (60) disposed at the bottom of the casing (20) and protruding to the outside of the casing (20), the plurality of conduits (60) being configured to allow a dielectric refrigerant (40) to flow through the plurality of conduits (60); a pump (70) attached to the casing (20), the pump (70) configured to circulate the dielectric refrigerant (40) between the casing (20) and the plurality of pipes (60); Equipped with The battery pack (10), wherein the plurality of conduits (60) are configured to dissipate heat from the dielectric coolant (40) to the ambient atmosphere.

2. 2. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein the casing comprises a first cover member and a second cover member, the second cover member having a base wall portion and one or more side walls extending perpendicularly from the base wall portion, the first cover member being coupled to the side walls of the second cover member to form the casing and defining a cavity therein.

3. 3. The battery pack (10) of claim 2, wherein the plurality of battery cells (12) are housed inside the cavity (30), and the plurality of battery cells (12) are immersed in the dielectric coolant (40).

4. 3. The battery pack (10) of claim 2, wherein the casing (20) includes a plurality of fins (50) formed integrally with the casing (20) and protruding outside the cavity (30), the plurality of fins (50) being provided on the base wall portion (240) of the second cover member (24), and the plurality of fins (50) being configured to dissipate heat from the casing (20) to the ambient atmosphere.

5. 5. The battery pack (10) of claim 4, wherein the plurality of conduits (60) are disposed outside the cavity (30) and interspersed among the plurality of fins (50), and the plurality of conduits (60) are provided in the base wall portion (240) of the second cover member (24).

6. 6. The battery pack (10) of claim 5, wherein the battery pack (10) is oriented with the plurality of fins (50) and the plurality of ducts (60) along an incoming airflow, the incoming airflow being generated by moving wind or forced air from a cooling fan.

7. 6. The battery pack (10) of claim 5, wherein the plurality of fins (50) are spaced apart so as to be parallel to one another, and the plurality of conduits (60) comprise transverse tubes (62) aligned parallel to the plurality of fins (50).

8. 6. The battery pack of claim 5, further comprising an inlet tube configured to receive the dielectric coolant from the cavity and transport the dielectric coolant to the plurality of conduits, the inlet tube being disposed along an edge of the base wall of the second cover member, the inlet tube being perpendicular to the plurality of conduits.

9. 9. The battery pack of claim 8, further comprising an outlet tube configured to receive the dielectric coolant from the plurality of conduits, the dielectric coolant being returned to the cavity of the casing through the outlet tube, the outlet tube being positioned along another edge of the base wall of the second cover member on an opposite side of the inlet tube.

10. 10. The battery pack (10) of claim 9, comprising: a first pipe member (72) configured to transport the dielectric coolant (40) from the cavity (30) of the casing (20) to the pump (70); and a second pipe member (74) configured to transport the dielectric coolant (40) from the pump (70) to the inlet tube (80).

11. 10. The battery pack (10) of claim 9, further comprising a third pipe member (84) configured to convey the dielectric coolant (40) from the outlet tube (82) to the cavity (30) of the casing (20).

12. 12. The battery pack (10) of claim 11, wherein the third pipe member (84) comprises a first connecting tube (86) configured to receive the dielectric refrigerant (40) from the outlet tube (82), and a second connecting tube (88) configured to receive the dielectric refrigerant (40) from the first connecting tube (86) and transport the dielectric refrigerant (40) to the cavity (30).

13. 10. The battery pack of claim 9, wherein the pump causes the dielectric coolant to flow from the cavity to the inlet tube, through the lateral tubes, into the outlet tube, and from the outlet tube back to the cavity, and from the inlet tube to the plurality of conduits.

14. 6. The battery pack (10) of claim 5, wherein the plurality of battery cells (12) arranged in contact with the casing (20) are configured to dissipate heat to the plurality of fins (50) while simultaneously dissipating heat to the dielectric coolant (40) surrounding the battery cells (12).

15. 6. The battery pack (10) of claim 5, wherein each of the plurality of conduits (60) is in thermal contact with at least one of the plurality of fins (50) to enable heat dissipation from the dielectric coolant (40) flowing through the respective conduit (60) to the corresponding fin (50), while simultaneously dissipating heat from the dielectric coolant (40) flowing through the respective conduit (60) to the ambient atmosphere.

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