Dual-mode W-band voltage-controlled oscillator based on magnetic tuning of a transformer

Abstract

The present invention discloses a dual-mode W-band voltage controlled oscillator based on transformer magnetic tuning. [Solution] A dual-mode W-band voltage-controlled oscillator based on magnetic tuning of a transformer includes two pairs of cross-coupled MOS transistors, a dual-mode six-coil transformer, a fine-tuning MOS transistor in the tuning switch, a coarse-tuning MOS transistor in the tuning switch, and two pairs of output buffer stage MOS transistors. The equivalent inductance of the resonant cavity is changed by controlling fine-tuning MOS transistors Msw1 and Msw2. Fine-tuning MOS transistor Msw1 is turned on in the high-frequency band where its inductance is small and turned off in the low-frequency band where its inductance is large. For fine frequency tuning without a variable capacitance diode, the gate voltage of fine-tuning MOS transistor Msw2 is changed to change its resistance to achieve fine tuning of the equivalent inductance. By using a dual-mode six-coil transformer instead of a single-mode three-coil transformer, a W-band voltage-controlled oscillator with four bands is realized. The present invention achieves better phase noise due to the larger Q value of the resonant cavity, providing a high-quality local oscillation signal source for the W-band signal transmission and reception front end.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of integrated circuits, and more particularly to a dual-mode W-band voltage-controlled oscillator based on transformer magnetic tuning. [Background technology]

[0002] The W-band frequency range, from 75 GHz to 110 GHz, has a wide range of applications, including communications, radar, radio astronomy, weather radar, medical imaging, and scientific research. As CMOS process nodes continue to shrink, there is now potential for CMOS-based voltage-controlled oscillators in this frequency range. However, achieving voltage-controlled oscillators with low phase noise, low power consumption, and a wide tuning range at such high frequencies remains a challenge. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0003] The conventional tuning method using a varactor diode suffers from a problem that its quality factor (Q) decreases rapidly with increasing frequency, which reduces the equivalent quality factor (Q) of the resonant cavity and ultimately impairs the phase noise performance of the entire voltage-controlled oscillator. Furthermore, considering parasitic effects within the W-band frequency range, the tuning range of a varactor diode is typically limited to 6% or less, which is insufficient for many applications, especially those that must tolerate process and temperature variations. Therefore, improving the quality factor (Q) of the resonant cavity, reducing phase noise, and achieving a wider frequency tuning range are crucial challenges in the design of W-band voltage-controlled oscillator circuits. [Means for solving the problem]

[0004] In response to the shortcomings present in the prior art, the present invention provides a dual-mode W-band voltage controlled oscillator based on magnetic tuning of a transformer.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above technical object by the following technical means.

[0006] The dual-mode W-band voltage-controlled oscillator based on transformer magnetic tuning includes a cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M1, a cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M2, a cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M3, a cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M4, a dual-mode 6-coil transformer coupled resonant coil L1, a dual-mode 6-coil transformer coupled resonant coil L2, a dual-mode 6-coil transformer fine tuning coil Lsw1, a dual-mode 6-coil transformer fine tuning coil Lsw2, a dual-mode 6-coil transformer coarse tuning coil Lsw3, a dual-mode 6-coil transformer coarse tuning coil Lsw4, a tuning switch fine tuning MOS transistor Msw1, a tuning switch fine tuning MOS transistor Msw2, a tuning switch coarse tuning MOS transistor Msw3, a tuning switch coarse tuning MOS transistor Msw4, an output buffer stage MOS transistor M5, an output buffer stage MOS transistor M6, an output buffer stage MOS transistor M7, and an output buffer stage MOS transistor M8; the sources of the cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M1 and the cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M2 are grounded, the drains of the cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M1 and the cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M2 are connected to both ends of the coupled resonant coil L1 of the dual-mode 6-coil transformer, respectively, and the gate of the cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M1 is connected to the drain of the cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M2; the gate of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M5 is connected to the drain of the cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M1, the source of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M5 is grounded, the drain of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M5 is connected to an output OUT1P, the gate of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M6 is connected to the drain of the cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M2, the source of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M6 is grounded, and the drain of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M6 is connected to an output OUT1N; the gate and drain of the fine tuning MOS transistor Msw1 are connected to both ends of the fine tuning coil Lsw1 of the dual mode 6-coil transformer, and a gate fine adjustment control voltage VS1 is connected to the source of the fine tuning MOS transistor Msw1; the gate and drain of the coarse tuning MOS transistor Msw3 are connected to both ends of the coarse tuning coil Lsw3 of the dual mode 6-coil transformer, and a gate coarse adjustment control voltage VS3 is connected to the source of the coarse tuning MOS transistor Msw3; the sources of the cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M3 and the cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M4 are grounded, the drains of the cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M3 and the cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M4 are connected to both ends of the coupled resonant coil L2 of the dual-mode 6-coil transformer, and the gate of the cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M3 is connected to the drain of the cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M4; the gate of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M7 is connected to the drain of the cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M3, the source of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M7 is grounded, the drain of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M7 is connected to the output OUT2P, the gate of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M8 is connected to the drain of the cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M4, the source of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M8 is grounded, and the drain of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M8 is connected to the output OUT2N; The gate and drain of the fine tuning MOS transistor Msw2 are connected to both ends of the fine tuning coil Lsw2 of the dual mode 6-coil transformer, and a gate fine tuning control voltage VS2 is connected to the source of the fine tuning MOS transistor Msw2. The gate and drain of the coarse tuning MOS transistor Msw4 are connected to both ends of the coarse tuning coil Lsw4 of the dual mode 6-coil transformer, and a gate coarse tuning control voltage VS4 is connected to the source of the coarse tuning MOS transistor Msw4.

[0007] In the above technical solution, the dual mode six-coil transformer fine tuning coil Lsw1 is arranged on the innermost ring, and the dual mode six-coil transformer fine tuning coil Lsw2 is arranged on the outermost ring. Between the dual mode six-coil transformer fine tuning coil Lsw1 and the dual mode six-coil transformer fine tuning coil Lsw2, the dual mode six-coil transformer coupling resonance coil L1, the dual mode six-coil transformer coarse tuning coil Lsw3, the dual mode six-coil transformer coarse tuning coil Lsw4, and the dual mode six-coil transformer coupling resonance coil L2 are arranged in this order, thereby forming a dual mode six-coil transformer.

[0008] In the above technical solution, the dual-mode six-coil transformer coarse-tuning coil Lsw3 and the dual-mode six-coil transformer coarse-tuning coil Lsw4 are arranged as shield coils.

[0009] In the above technical solution, the dual mode six-coil transformer fine tuning coil Lsw1, the dual mode six-coil transformer fine tuning coil Lsw2, the dual mode six-coil transformer coupled resonance coil L1, the dual mode six-coil transformer coarse tuning coil Lsw3, the dual mode six-coil transformer coarse tuning coil Lsw4 and the dual mode six-coil transformer coupled resonance coil L2 all use a thick metal upper layer.

[0010] In the above technical solution, when the dual-mode six-coil transformer is in high-frequency mode, the coupled resonant coil L1 of the dual-mode six-coil transformer and the fine tuning coil Lsw1 of the dual-mode six-coil transformer are used, the coarse tuning MOS transistor Msw3 of the tuning switch is turned on, and the coarse tuning MOS transistor Msw4 of the tuning switch is turned off.

[0011] In the above technical solution, when the dual-mode six-coil transformer is in low-frequency mode, the coupled resonant coil L2 of the dual-mode six-coil transformer and the fine tuning coil Lsw2 of the dual-mode six-coil transformer are used to turn off the coarse tuning MOS transistor Msw3 of the tuning switch and turn on the coarse tuning MOS transistor Msw4 of the tuning switch.

[0012] In the above technical solution, the dual-mode six-coil transformer generates four bands of W-band signals. [Effects of the Invention]

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are the following (1) and (2). (1) The dual-mode W-band voltage-controlled oscillator based on magnetic tuning of a transformer according to the present invention effectively solves the problem that the quality factor (Q) of a varactor diode decreases rapidly with increasing frequency, compared with the conventional tuning method using a varactor diode. By reducing the parasitic capacitance inside the resonant cavity, the varactor-free W-band oscillator can achieve low phase noise and a wide frequency tuning range, providing a reliable local oscillation signal source for generating W-band frequencies. (2) Compared to a three-coil single-mode transformer, the present invention employs a six-coil dual-mode transformer to generate ultra-wideband four-band W-band signals, achieving not only double the frequency tuning range but also a wider tuning range and better phase noise performance. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0014] [Figure 1] 1 is a circuit diagram of a dual-mode W-band voltage-controlled oscillator based on transformer magnetic tuning according to the present invention; [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a layout diagram of a dual-mode six-coil transformer according to the present invention. [Figure 3] 3A and 3B are transient waveform diagrams of the voltage controlled oscillator according to the present invention at different gate voltages. [Figure 4] 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the gate voltage and the voltage controlled oscillator according to the present invention when selecting different sideband frequencies; FIG. [Figure 5] 1 is a diagram showing phase noise characteristics of a voltage controlled oscillator according to the present invention at different gate voltages; DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings and specific examples, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0016] Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a dual-mode W-band voltage-controlled oscillator based on magnetic tuning of a transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention, the voltage-controlled oscillator including two pairs of cross-coupled MOS transistors M1 and M2, M3 and M4, dual-mode hexagonal coil transformer coupled resonance coils L1 and L2, dual-mode hexagonal coil transformer fine tuning coils Lsw1 and Lsw2, dual-mode hexagonal coil transformer coarse tuning coils Lsw3 and Lsw4, tuning switch fine tuning MOS transistors Msw1 and Msw2, tuning switch coarse tuning MOS transistors Msw3 and Msw4, and two pairs of output buffer stage MOS transistors M5 and M6, M7 and M8.

[0017] The sources of the first cross-coupled pair MOS transistors M1 and M2 are grounded, the gate of M1 is connected to the drain of M2, the drain of M2 is connected to the gate of M1, the drains of M1 and M2 are connected to both ends of the coupled resonant coil L1 of the dual-mode 6-coil transformer, the gate of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M5 is connected to the drain of M1, the source of M5 is grounded, the drain of M5 is connected to the output OUT1P, and the gate of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M6 is connected to the drain of M2. The source of M6 is grounded, the drain of M6 is connected to the output OUT1N, the gate and drain of the fine tuning MOS transistor Msw1 are connected to both ends of the fine tuning coil Lsw1 of the dual mode six-coil transformer, and a gate fine adjustment control voltage VS1 is connected to the source of Msw1, the gate and drain of the coarse tuning MOS transistor Msw3 are connected to both ends of the coarse tuning coil Lsw3 of the dual mode six-coil transformer, and a gate coarse adjustment control voltage VS3 is connected to the source of Msw3.

[0018] The sources of the second cross-coupled pair MOS transistors M3 and M4 are grounded, the gate of M3 is connected to the drain of M4, the drain of M4 is connected to the gate of M3, and the drains of M3 and M4 are connected to both ends of the coupled resonant coil L2 of the dual-mode 6-coil transformer. The gate of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M7 is connected to the drain of M3, the source of M7 is grounded, and the drain of M7 is connected to the output OUT2P. The gate of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M8 is connected to the drain of M4. The source of M8 is grounded, the drain of M8 is connected to the output OUT2N, the gate and drain of the fine tuning MOS transistor Msw2 are connected to both ends of the fine tuning coil Lsw2 of the dual mode 6-coil transformer, and a gate fine adjustment control voltage VS2 is connected to the source of Msw2, and the gate and drain of the coarse tuning MOS transistor Msw4 are connected to both ends of the coarse tuning coil Lsw4 of the dual mode 6-coil transformer, and a gate coarse adjustment control voltage VS4 is connected to the source of Msw4.

[0019] In this embodiment, two pairs of cross-coupled MOS transistors provide negative resistance to compensate for the loss of the resonant cavity, and the generated parasitic capacitance and the equivalent inductance of the dual-mode 6-coil transformer form a resonant cavity to generate an oscillation signal. When the coarse-tuning MOS transistors Msw3 and Msw4 of the tuning switch are turned on, the equivalent inductance is small, forming a high-frequency band, and when they are turned off, the equivalent inductance is large, forming a low-frequency band. The resistances (Rsw1 and Rsw2) of the fine-tuning MOS transistors Msw1 and Msw2 of the tuning switch are changed by the gate voltages (VS1 and VS2) of their resistances, thereby realizing fine tuning of the equivalent inductance.

[0020] Referring to FIG. 2, FIG. 2 is a layout diagram of a dual-mode six-coil transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention, including coupled resonant coils L1 and L2, fine tuning coils Lsw1 and Lsw2, and coarse tuning coils Lsw3 and Lsw4. The coarse tuning coils Lsw3 and Lsw4 are arranged as shield coils between L1 and L2 to reduce the coupling coefficient between the resonant coils L1 and L2. At any time, only one of Lsw3 and Lsw4 can be used. The fine tuning coil Lsw1 is arranged in the innermost ring, and fine tuning for the equivalent inductance L1eq is completed by magnetic tuning with L1. The fine tuning coil Lsw2 is arranged in the outermost ring, and L Fine tuning of the equivalent inductance L2eq is completed by magnetic tuning with 2, and all coils use a thick metal upper layer to reduce loss. When the above dual-mode 6-coil transformer is simulated at 100 GHz, the self-inductance values ​​of the coupled resonant coils L1 and L2 are 110 pH and 134 pH, respectively, the self-inductance values ​​of the fine tuning coils Lsw1 and Lsw2 are 72 pH and 183 pH, respectively, the self-inductance values ​​of the coarse tuning coils Lsw3 and Lsw4 are 86 pH and 104 pH, respectively, and the coupling coefficient between the coupled resonant coils L1 and L2 is 0.32.

[0021] In this embodiment, the dual-mode six-coil transformer has only power supply VDD1 turned on in high-frequency mode, using the coupled resonant coil L1 and fine-tuning coil Lsw1, while the coarse-tuning coils Lsw3 and Lsw4 are turned on and off, respectively. In low-frequency mode, only power supply VDD2 is turned on, using the coupled resonant coil L2 and fine-tuning coil Lsw2, while the coarse-tuning coils Lsw3 and Lsw4 are turned off and on, respectively. To ensure the stability of dual-mode operation, the coarse-tuning coils Lsw3 and Lsw4 are positioned as shield coils to reduce the coupling coefficient between the coupled resonant coils L1 and L2, and only one of the coarse-tuning coils Lsw3 and Lsw4 is open at any given time.

[0022] The advantages of the single-mode W-band voltage-controlled oscillator based on the magnetic tuning of the transformer of the present invention will be further explained below through simulation experiments.

[0023] In this embodiment, a dual-mode W-band voltage-controlled oscillator is fabricated using a 40 nm CMOS process. The process includes one poly layer and ten metal layers, of which the transformer structure is mainly realized by the thick metal M10 layer. The parameters of the dual-mode W-band voltage-controlled oscillator based on magnetic tuning of the transformer in this embodiment are as shown in Table 1. [Table 1]

[0024] 3, which shows the transient waveforms of the dual-mode W-band voltage-controlled oscillator based on magnetic tuning of a transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention, when the power supply VDD1 is turned on, the coupled resonant coil L1, the coarse-tuning MOS transistor Msw3 of the tuning switch is turned on, the coarse-tuning MOS transistor Msw4 of the tuning switch is turned off, and the fine-tuning MOS transistor Msw1 of the tuning switch is at different gate voltages. As can be seen from the simulation waveforms, after the oscillation ends, the amplitude of the voltage-controlled oscillator reaches 1.2V, and as the gate voltage of the fine-tuning MOS transistor Msw1 gradually increases, the amplitude of the voltage-controlled oscillator decreases slightly.

[0025] The truth table for each side band selection of the dual-mode W-band voltage controlled oscillator based on the magnetic tuning of the transformer in this embodiment is shown in Table 2. [Table 2]

[0026] 4, which shows the relationship between the gate voltage and the frequency bands selected by the dual-mode W-band voltage-controlled oscillator based on magnetic tuning of a transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention. By selecting the layout schemes listed in Table 2, four different output frequency bands can be obtained. As can be seen from the simulation output waveform, the fine tuning MOS transistor Msw1 (Msw2) is controlled to continuously adjust the output frequency, and the coarse tuning MOS transistor Msw3 (Msw4) of the tuning switch is controlled to adjust the output frequency bands. The output frequency range is 85 to 108 GHz, achieving a wide frequency tuning range of 23.8%.

[0027] 5, which shows the phase noise characteristics of the dual-mode W-band voltage-controlled oscillator based on magnetic tuning of a transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention, when the power supply VDD1 is turned on, the coupled resonant coil L1, the coarse-tuning MOS transistor Msw3 of the tuning switch are turned on, the coarse-tuning MOS transistor Msw4 of the tuning switch are turned off, and the fine-tuning MOS transistor Msw1 of the tuning switch are set to different gate voltages. As can be seen from the phase noise characteristics diagram, the quality factor (Q) of the dual-mode six-coil transformer gradually decreases with increasing gate voltage. Therefore, when the output frequency is about 100 GHz, the output phase noise of the voltage-controlled oscillator gradually increases with increasing gate voltage from -107.36 dBc / Hz@10 MHz to -102.31 dBc / Hz@10 MHz. Because tuning is not performed using a switched capacitor array or variable capacitance diode, a wide frequency tuning range and high phase noise performance are achieved at an output frequency of 100 GHz.

[0028] The above examples are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any improvements, substitutions, or modifications that can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M1, cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M2, cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M3, cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M4, dual mode hexagonal coil transformer coupled resonant coil L1, dual mode hexagonal coil transformer coupled resonant coil L2, dual mode hexagonal coil transformer fine tuning coil Lsw1, dual mode hexagonal coil transformer fine tuning coil Lsw2, dual mode hexagonal coil transformer coarse tuning coil Lsw3, dual mode hexagonal coil transformer coarse tuning coil Lsw4, tuning switch fine tuning MOS transistor Msw1, tuning switch fine tuning MOS transistor Msw2, tuning switch coarse tuning MOS transistor Msw3, tuning switch coarse tuning MOS transistor Msw4, output buffer stage MOS transistor M5, output buffer stage MOS transistor M6, output buffer stage MOS transistor M7, and output buffer stage MOS transistor M8, the sources of the cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M1 and the cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M2 are grounded, the drains of the cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M1 and the cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M2 are connected to both ends of a coupled resonant coil L1 of the dual-mode 6-coil transformer, respectively, and the gate of the cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M1 is connected to the drain of the cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M2; the gate of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M5 is connected to the drain of the cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M1, the source of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M5 is grounded, the drain of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M5 is connected to an output OUT1P, the gate of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M6 is connected to the drain of the cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M2, the source of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M6 is grounded, and the drain of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M6 is connected to an output OUT1N; the gate and drain of the fine tuning MOS transistor Msw1 are connected to both ends of the fine tuning coil Lsw1 of the dual mode 6-coil transformer, and a gate fine adjustment control voltage VS1 is connected to the source of the fine tuning MOS transistor Msw1; the gate and drain of the coarse tuning MOS transistor Msw3 are connected to both ends of the coarse tuning coil Lsw3 of the dual mode 6-coil transformer, and a gate coarse adjustment control voltage VS3 is connected to the source of the coarse tuning MOS transistor Msw3; the sources of the cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M3 and the cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M4 are grounded, the drains of the cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M3 and the cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M4 are connected to both ends of the coupled resonant coil L2 of the dual mode 6-coil transformer, and the gate of the cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M3 is connected to the drain of the cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M4; the gate of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M7 is connected to the drain of the cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M3, the source of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M7 is grounded, the drain of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M7 is connected to the output OUT2P, the gate of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M8 is connected to the drain of the cross-coupled pair MOS transistor M4, the source of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M8 is grounded, and the drain of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M8 is connected to the output OUT2N; a gate and a drain of the fine tuning MOS transistor Msw2 are connected to both ends of a fine tuning coil Lsw2 of the dual mode 6-coil transformer, and a gate fine tuning control voltage VS2 is connected to the source of the fine tuning MOS transistor Msw2; a gate and a drain of the coarse tuning MOS transistor Msw4 are connected to both ends of a coarse tuning coil Lsw4 of the dual mode 6-coil transformer, and a gate coarse tuning control voltage VS4 is connected to the source of the coarse tuning MOS transistor Msw4.

2. 2. The dual mode W-band voltage controlled oscillator based on transformer magnetic tuning of claim 1, wherein the dual mode 6 coil transformer fine tuning coil Lsw1 is provided on the innermost ring, the dual mode 6 coil transformer fine tuning coil Lsw2 is provided on the outermost ring, and the dual mode 6 coil transformer coupled resonance coil L1, the dual mode 6 coil transformer coarse tuning coil Lsw3, the dual mode 6 coil transformer coarse tuning coil Lsw4, and the dual mode 6 coil transformer coupled resonance coil L2 are provided in this order between the dual mode 6 coil transformer fine tuning coil Lsw1 and the dual mode 6 coil transformer fine tuning coil Lsw2, thereby forming a dual mode 6 coil transformer.

3. 3. The dual-mode W-band voltage-controlled oscillator based on transformer magnetic tuning as described in claim 2, wherein the coarse tuning coil Lsw3 of the dual-mode six-coil transformer and the coarse tuning coil Lsw4 of the dual-mode six-coil transformer are arranged as shield coils.

4. 4. The dual mode W-band voltage controlled oscillator based on transformer magnetic tuning as described in claim 3, wherein the dual mode 6-coil transformer fine tuning coil Lsw1, the dual mode 6-coil transformer fine tuning coil Lsw2, the dual mode 6-coil transformer coupled resonance coil L1, the dual mode 6-coil transformer coarse tuning coil Lsw3, the dual mode 6-coil transformer coarse tuning coil Lsw4, and the dual mode 6-coil transformer coupled resonance coil L2 all use a thick metal upper layer.

5. 3. The dual mode W-band voltage controlled oscillator based on transformer magnetic tuning as claimed in claim 2, wherein when the dual mode six-coil transformer is in high frequency mode, the coupled resonance coil L1 of the dual mode six-coil transformer and the fine tuning coil Lsw1 of the dual mode six-coil transformer are used, the coarse tuning MOS transistor Msw3 of the tuning switch is turned on, and the coarse tuning MOS transistor Msw4 of the tuning switch is turned off.

6. 6. The dual mode W-band voltage controlled oscillator based on transformer magnetic tuning of claim 5, wherein when the dual mode six-coil transformer is in low frequency mode, a coarse tuning MOS transistor Msw3 of the tuning switch is turned off and a coarse tuning MOS transistor Msw4 of the tuning switch is turned on using a coupled resonance coil L2 of the dual mode six-coil transformer and a fine tuning coil Lsw2 of the dual mode six-coil transformer.

7. 7. The dual-mode W-band voltage-controlled oscillator based on transformer magnetic tuning as claimed in claim 6, wherein the dual-mode six-coil transformer generates four bands of W-band signals.

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