Shredding machine

Abstract

To provide a shredder capable of preventing an object to be shredded from being excessively wound around a rotary shaft.SOLUTION: A shredder (100) includes a rotary shaft (1), a fixed blade member (2), a rotary blade (3), a holder (4), an urging mechanism (5), and an annular member (6). The stationary blade member (2) includes an annular region (21) and a shredding region (22). The rotating shaft (1) is inserted into the annular region (21). The shredding area (22) has a plurality of communication holes (221). The rotary blade (3) is provided slidably with the shredding area (22). The holder (4) supports the rotary blade (3) and is attached to the rotary shaft (1). The holder (4) includes an annular base portion (41) into which the rotary shaft (1) is inserted and which faces the annular region (21) of the stationary blade member (2). The biasing mechanism (5) is provided on the rotary shaft (1) and biases the holder (4) toward the fixed blade member (2). The annular member (6) is interposed between the annular region (21) of the stationary blade member (2) and the annular base portion (41) of the holder (4).SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to shredders. [Background technology]

[0002] In sewage treatment plants, it is necessary to shred the residue (hair, lint, rubber bands, wood chips, etc.) contained in wastewater and sludge. In biogas plants, it is necessary to shred the raw plant material. Shredders are used to shred these types of materials.

[0003] A conventional shredder is described, for example, in JP 2021-037436 A (Patent Document 1). This shredder comprises a fixed blade member and a rotary blade member. The fixed blade member comprises a plate-shaped frame with multiple openings formed therein, and part of the edge defining the openings on one side (surface) of the frame serves as a fixed blade. The rotary blade member comprises a rotary blade and a biasing section, which biases the rotary blade against the surface of the fixed blade member. As the rotating shaft driven by the motor rotates, the rotary blade rotates while sliding against the surface of the fixed blade member, cutting the material to be shredded between the rotary blade and the fixed blade. This shreds the material to be shredded. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2021-037436 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] In conventional shredders, the shredded material can get wrapped around the rotating shaft. If too much material gets wrapped around the rotating shaft, it can hinder the smooth rotation of the rotating shaft. In this case, the motor can be overloaded and may stop.

[0006] An object of the present disclosure is to provide a shredder that can prevent excessive wrapping of material to be shredded around the rotating shaft. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The shredder according to the present disclosure comprises a rotating shaft, a fixed blade member, a rotary blade, a holder, a biasing mechanism, and an annular member. The rotating shaft is driven by a motor. The fixed blade member is plate-shaped and includes an annular region and a shredding region. The rotating shaft is inserted into the annular region. The shredding region surrounds the annular region and has a plurality of communicating holes. The rotary blade is slidably disposed with respect to the shredding region of the fixed blade member. The holder supports the rotary blade and is attached to the rotating shaft. The holder includes an annular base. The rotating shaft is inserted into the annular base and faces the annular region of the fixed blade member. The biasing mechanism is provided on the rotating shaft and biases the holder toward the fixed blade member. The annular member is interposed between the annular region of the fixed blade member and the annular base of the holder. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] The shredder according to the present disclosure can prevent excessive wrapping of the material to be shredded around the rotating shaft. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall configuration of a shredder. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a plan view of the fixed blade member. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the main parts of the shredder according to the first embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a plan view of the annular member in the shredder according to the first embodiment. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the main parts of a shredder according to the second embodiment. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the main parts of a shredder according to the third embodiment. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the main parts of a shredder according to the fourth embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0010] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described. Note that in the following description, examples of embodiments of the present disclosure will be described, but the present disclosure is not limited to the examples described below. In the following description, specific numerical values ​​and specific materials may be exemplified, but the present disclosure is not limited to these examples.

[0011] The shredder according to this embodiment comprises a rotating shaft, a fixed blade member, a rotary blade, a holder, a biasing mechanism, and an annular member. The rotating shaft is driven by a motor. The fixed blade member is plate-shaped and includes an annular region and a shredding region. The rotating shaft is inserted into the annular region. The shredding region surrounds the annular region and has a plurality of communicating holes. The rotary blade is slidably mounted on the shredding region of the fixed blade member. The holder supports the rotary blade and is attached to the rotating shaft. The holder includes an annular base. The rotating shaft is inserted into the annular base, which faces the annular region of the fixed blade member. The biasing mechanism is attached to the rotating shaft and biases the holder toward the fixed blade member. The annular member is interposed between the annular region of the fixed blade member and the annular base of the holder (first configuration).

[0012] In the shredder of the first configuration, when the motor is operated, the rotating shaft rotates, and as the rotating shaft rotates, the rotary blade rotates integrally with the holder. At this time, the holder is biased toward the fixed blade member by the biasing mechanism, so the rotating rotary blade slides against the shredding area of ​​the fixed blade member. In the shredding area of ​​the fixed blade member, part of the edge defining the communication hole becomes the fixed blade, and the material to be shredded is cut between this fixed blade and the rotating rotary blade, resulting in the material being shredded.

[0013] If there is a gap between the annular region of the fixed blade member and the annular base of the holder around the rotating shaft, shredded material will accumulate in the gap, and the shredded material will become entangled in the accumulated shredded material. This can cause the shredded material to become wrapped around the rotating shaft. In contrast, in the shredder of the first configuration, an annular member is interposed between the annular region of the fixed blade member and the annular base of the holder, and the gap between the annular region and the annular base is filled with the annular member. This makes it possible to suppress the accumulation of shredded material, and as a result, it is possible to prevent excessive wrapping of the shredded material around the rotating shaft.

[0014] In the shredder according to the first configuration, the annular member preferably includes a gap reduction allowing structure that allows the gap between the annular region of the fixed blade member and the annular base of the holder to be reduced in response to wear of the rotary blade as the shredder is used (second configuration).

[0015] During use, as the rotating shaft rotates, the rotary blade slides against the shredding zone of the fixed blade member, gradually wearing away. Because the holder is biased toward the fixed blade member by the biasing mechanism, the holder approaches the fixed blade member as the rotary blade wears. As the rotary blade wears, the distance between the annular zone of the fixed blade member and the annular base of the holder decreases. However, because an annular member is interposed between the annular zone and the annular base, this annular member can prevent the distance between the annular zone and the annular base from decreasing. If the distance between the annular zone and the annular base is prevented from decreasing, a gap may form between the worn rotary blade and the shredding zone of the fixed blade member, potentially causing an unstable sliding condition between the rotary blade and the shredding zone. In contrast, in the shredding zone of the second configuration, the annular member includes a gap reduction permitting structure, allowing the distance between the annular zone and the annular base to decrease as the rotary blade wears. This maintains a stable sliding condition between the rotary blade and the shredding zone.

[0016] In the shredder according to the second configuration, the annular member may be fixed to the holder (third configuration).

[0017] In the shredder of the second configuration, the rotary blade and the annular member rotate integrally with the holder. At that time, the holder is biased toward the fixed blade member by the biasing mechanism, so that when the rotary blade wears, the annular member slides against the annular region of the fixed blade member. The gap reduction permitting structure functions with the annular member sliding against the annular region.

[0018] In the shredder according to the third configuration, as the gap reduction allowing structure, the annular member is preferably made of a material that is less wear resistant than the fixed blade member and the rotary blade (fourth configuration).

[0019] In the shredder of the fourth configuration, the annular member is made of a material less wear-resistant than the fixed blade member and the rotary blade, so the annular member that slides against the annular region of the fixed blade member wears faster than the rotary blade. In this case, the annular member wears in accordance with the wear of the rotary blade, and as a result, the distance between the annular region and the annular base can decrease. Furthermore, even if the rotary blade wears, the annular member wears faster than the rotary blade, so the annular member does not come closer to the fixed blade member than the rotary blade. As a result, no gap occurs between the worn rotary blade and the fixed blade member. Therefore, with the shredder of the fourth configuration, a stable sliding state between the rotary blade and the shredding region is maintained.

[0020] In the shredder according to the fourth configuration, the material constituting the annular member is preferably engineering plastic (fifth configuration). Engineering plastic is suitable because it allows the annular member to have lower abrasion resistance than the fixed blade member and the rotary blade, high durability that prevents cracking even when subjected to impacts during shredding, and high corrosion resistance that prevents deterioration even when constantly immersed in liquid.

[0021] In a shredder according to any one of the third to fifth configurations, the spacing reduction allowing structure may include an elastic member that urges the annular member toward the annular region of the fixed blade member (sixth configuration).

[0022] In the shredder of the sixth configuration, the annular member is biased toward the annular region of the fixed blade member by the elastic member, so that as the rotary blade wears, the annular member is pressed against the annular region of the fixed blade member, causing the elastic member to elastically deform. This elastic deformation of the elastic member reduces the distance between the annular region and the annular base. Furthermore, the elastic deformation of the elastic member prevents the annular member from coming closer to the fixed blade member than the rotary blade. As a result, no gap is created between a worn rotary blade and the fixed blade member. Therefore, the shredder of the sixth configuration maintains a stable sliding state between the rotary blade and the shredding region.

[0023] In the shredder according to the second configuration, the annular member may be fixed to the fixed blade member (seventh configuration).

[0024] In the shredder of the seventh configuration, the rotary blade rotates integrally with the holder, and the annular base of the holder rotates relative to the annular member. Since the holder is biased toward the fixed blade member by the biasing mechanism, when the rotary blade wears, the annular base of the holder slides against the annular member. The clearance reduction permitting structure functions with respect to the annular member sliding against the annular base.

[0025] In the shredder according to the seventh configuration, the annular member may be made of a material with lower friction resistance than the holder and the rotary blade as a gap reduction allowing structure (eighth configuration).

[0026] In the shredder of the eighth configuration, the annular member is made of a material less wear-resistant than the holder and the rotary blade, so the annular member that slides against the annular base of the holder wears faster than the rotary blade. In this case, the annular member wears in accordance with the wear of the rotary blade, and as a result, the gap between the annular region and the annular base can be reduced. Furthermore, even if the rotary blade wears, the wear of the annular member progresses faster than the wear of the rotary blade, so no gap is created between the worn rotary blade and the fixed blade member. Therefore, with the shredder of the eighth configuration, a stable sliding state between the rotary blade and the shredding region is maintained.

[0027] In the shredder according to the eighth configuration, the material constituting the annular member is preferably engineering plastic (ninth configuration). Engineering plastic is suitable because it allows the annular member to have lower abrasion resistance than the fixed blade member and the rotary blade, high durability that prevents cracking even when subjected to impacts during shredding, and high corrosion resistance that prevents deterioration even when constantly immersed in liquid.

[0028] In a shredder according to any one of the seventh to ninth configurations, the spacing reduction allowing structure may include an elastic member that urges the annular member toward the annular base of the holder (tenth configuration).

[0029] In the shredder of the tenth configuration, the annular member is biased toward the annular base of the holder by the elastic member, so that the annular member is pressed against the annular base of the holder as the rotary blade wears, causing the elastic member to elastically deform. This elastic deformation of the elastic member reduces the gap between the annular region and the annular base. Furthermore, the elastic deformation of the elastic member prevents a gap from forming between the worn rotary blade and the fixed blade member. Therefore, the shredder of the tenth configuration maintains a stable sliding state between the rotary blade and the shredding region.

[0030] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. In each drawing, the same or equivalent components are designated by the same reference numerals, and the same description will not be repeated.

[0031] First Embodiment [Configuration of shredder] A shredder 100 according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to Figs. 1 to 4. Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall configuration of the shredder 100. Fig. 1 shows a side view of the interior of the shredder 100. Referring to Fig. 1, the shredder 100 includes a rotating shaft 1, a fixed blade member 2, a rotary blade 3, a holder 4, a biasing mechanism 5, and an annular member 6. Specifically, the shredder 100 includes a housing 101 and a lid unit 102, and the rotating shaft 1, the fixed blade member 2, the rotary blade 3, the holder 4, the biasing mechanism 5, and the annular member 6 are provided in the lid unit 102.

[0032] The housing 101 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and an opening 1011 at its upper end is inclined relative to a horizontal plane. The lid unit 102 is rotatable relative to the housing 101 by a hinge 1021, and opens and closes the opening 1011 of the housing 101. The shredder 100 is used with the lid unit 102 closing the opening 1011 of the housing.

[0033] An annular plate 1012 is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the housing 101. The annular plate 1012 is disposed parallel to the opening 1011 and is inclined relative to the horizontal plane. When the lid unit 102 closes the opening 1011 of the housing, the inner hole of the annular plate 1012 is closed by the fixed blade member 2, which will be described in detail later. In this state, the interior of the housing 101 is partitioned mainly by the annular plate 1012 and the fixed blade member 2 into an entrance chamber 1013 disposed diagonally downward and an exit chamber 1014 disposed diagonally upward.

[0034] An inlet 1015 and an outlet 1016 are provided on the side wall of the housing 101. In the housing 101, the inlet 1015 is connected to the inlet chamber 1013, and the outlet 1016 is connected to the outlet chamber 1014. When the shredder 100 is in use, as shown by the solid arrow in Figure 1, a fluid material containing material to be shredded is supplied from the inlet 1015 to the inlet chamber 1013, and the shredded material shredded by the fixed blade member 2 and the rotary blade 3 is discharged from the outlet 1016 through the outlet chamber 1014.

[0035] The lid unit 102 includes a cylindrical portion 1022 and a lid 1023. The upper end of the cylindrical portion 1022 is closed by the lid 1023. The lid 1023 is joined to the upper end of the cylindrical portion 1022 and protrudes from the cylindrical portion 1022. The lower end of the cylindrical portion 1022 is closed by the fixed blade member 2. The fixed blade member 2 is joined to the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical portion 1022. When the lid unit 102 closes the opening 1011 of the housing, the protruding portion of the lid 1023 tightly contacts the upper end of the opening 1011 via a seal member (not shown). In this state, the interior of the cylindrical portion 1022 communicates with the inlet chamber 1013 via a communication hole 221 (FIG. 2) of the fixed blade member 2. A discharge port 1024 is provided in a portion of the side wall of the cylindrical portion 1022 on the outlet 1016 side of the housing 101. The inside of the cylindrical portion 1022 communicates with the outlet chamber 1014 through its outlet port 1024 .

[0036] The lid unit 102 further includes a motor 1025. The motor 1025 is fixed to the lid 1023 via a shaft seal device 1026. A main shaft (not shown) of the motor 1025 is connected to the rotating shaft 1. The main shaft of the motor 1025 may be connected to the rotating shaft 1 via a reducer. The rotating shaft 1 is driven by the motor 1025 and rotates around its axis. The rotating shaft 1 extends on the central axis of the cylindrical portion 1022 and passes through the center of the fixed blade member 2.

[0037] In the lid unit 102, the rotary blade 3, holder 4, and urging mechanism 5 are arranged on the opposite side of the fixed blade member 2 from the motor 1025. The rotary blade 3, holder 4, and urging mechanism 5 are attached to the rotary shaft 1. The holder 4 supports the rotary blade 3. The urging mechanism 5 is mainly provided at the tip (lower end) of the rotary shaft 1, and urges the holder 4 and rotary blade 3 toward the fixed blade member 2.

[0038] FIG. 2 is a plan view of the fixed blade member 2. In FIG. 2, the rotary blade 3 is indicated by a two-dot chain line. Referring to FIG. 2, the fixed blade member 2 has a plate shape. More specifically, the fixed blade member 2 has a disk shape. The fixed blade member 2 includes an annular region 21 and a shredding region 22. The annular region 21 shares its center with the center of the fixed blade member 2. The annular region 21 has an inner hole 211. The shredding region 22 surrounds the annular region 21. The shredding region 22 is continuous with the annular region 21 and shares its center with the center of the fixed blade member 2.

[0039] The shredding region 22 has a plurality of communication holes 221. In the shredding region 22, the communication holes 221 are formed so as to penetrate from the front surface to the back surface of the shredding region 22. In a plan view of the fixed blade member 2, the rotary blade 3 is arranged so as to extend radially from the center of the fixed blade member 2 and overlaps with the shredding region 22. In the shredding region 22, part of the edge defining the communication holes 221 becomes the fixed blade.

[0040] Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the main parts of the shredder 100 according to the first embodiment. Fig. 3 shows a vertical cross section including the central axis of the fixed blade member 2. Referring to Fig. 3, as described above, the shredder 100 includes the rotating shaft 1, the fixed blade member 2, the rotating blade 3, the holder 4, the biasing mechanism 5, and the annular member 6.

[0041] In the fixed blade member 2, the rotating shaft 1 is inserted into the inner hole 211 of the annular region 21. The rotating shaft 1 is rotatable relative to the fixed blade member 2.

[0042] The holder 4 supports the rotary blade 3 and is attached to the rotary shaft 1. Specifically, the holder 4 includes an annular base 41 and an arm 42. The annular base 41 has an inner hole 411. In the holder 4, the rotary shaft 1 is inserted into the inner hole 411 of the annular base 41. In this state, the annular base 41 faces the annular region 21 of the fixed blade member 2 in the extension direction of the rotary shaft 1. The holder 4 is also movable in the extension direction of the rotary shaft 1. However, the holder 4 is configured to rotate integrally with the rotary shaft 1.

[0043] The holder 4 includes, for example, three arms 42. The arms 42 extend radially from the annular base 41. The arms 42 are arranged at equal angular intervals around the annular base 41. A groove 421 is formed in the surface of each arm 42 facing the fixed blade member 2 along the extension direction of the arm 42. The rotary blade 3 is arranged in the groove 421 of the arm 42 and is supported by a support shaft 422 so as to be swingable relative to the arm 42.

[0044] The biasing mechanism 5 includes a head 51, a stepped sleeve 52, and a spring 53. The head 51 is screwed onto the tip of the rotating shaft 1 and is integrated with the rotating shaft 1. The rotating shaft 1 is inserted into the stepped sleeve 52. The stepped sleeve 52 is movable in the extension direction of the rotating shaft 1. However, the stepped sleeve 52 is configured to rotate integrally with the rotating shaft 1.

[0045] The spring 53 is disposed between the head 51 and the stepped sleeve 52 in the extending direction of the rotary shaft 1. The spring 53 is, for example, a disc spring. The stepped sleeve 52 is provided with the elastic force of the spring 53.

[0046] In the holder 4, the stepped sleeve 52 is press-fitted into the inner hole 411 of the annular base 41. This makes the holder 4 integrated with the stepped sleeve 52. The stepped sleeve 52 is given the elastic force of the spring 53, so the holder 4 is urged toward the fixed blade member 2. Therefore, the rotary blade 3 is also urged toward the fixed blade member 2. The stepped sleeve 52 can be considered to be the rotary shaft 1 in that it rotates integrally with the rotary shaft 1.

[0047] The configuration of the annular member 6 will be described with reference to Figures 3 and 4. Figure 4 is a plan view of the annular member 6 in the shredder 100 according to the first embodiment. The annular member 6 is disk-shaped with an inner hole 61 in the center. In this embodiment, the annular member 6 further has a tubular portion 62. The tubular portion 62 is provided so as to protrude in the axial direction from the inner peripheral edge of the annular member 6. The inner hole 61 of the annular member 6 is continuous with the inner hole of the tubular portion 62. The tubular portion 62 can be formed from a single material together with the annular member 6. A notch 63 is formed on the outer peripheral edge of the annular member 6 to avoid interference with the rotary blade 3 (see Figure 4).

[0048] In the annular member 6 configured as above, as shown in Fig. 3, the rotating shaft 1 is inserted into the inner hole 61 of the annular member 6. The rotating shaft 1 is also inserted into the tubular portion 62. More specifically, the stepped sleeve 52 is inserted into the inner hole 61 and the tubular portion 62 of the annular member 6. The annular member 6 is interposed between the annular region 21 of the fixed blade member 2 and the annular base portion 41 of the holder 4 in the extending direction of the rotating shaft 1.

[0049] In this embodiment, the tubular portion 62 of the annular member 6 is inserted into the inner hole 211 of the annular region 21 of the fixed blade member 2. A collar 7 is fixed to the stepped sleeve 52 (i.e., the rotating shaft 1) by a screw (not shown). In this case, the holder 4 is biased toward the fixed blade member 2 by the spring 53, so the annular member 6 and the tubular portion 62 are pressed against the collar 7 by the annular base portion 41 of the holder 4. This fixes the annular member 6 to the stepped sleeve 52. In other words, the annular member 6 is essentially fixed to the holder 4. The annular member 6 then rotates integrally with the holder 4 and the rotating shaft 1.

[0050] In this embodiment, the annular member 6 is preferably made of a material that is less wear-resistant than the rotary blade 3. The annular member 6 is further preferably made of a material that is less wear-resistant than the fixed blade member 2.

[0051] The rotary blade 3 is made of, for example, tool steel. The fixed blade member 2 is made of, for example, stainless steel (SUS, SCS, etc.). The fixed blade member 2 may be made of an iron-based metal (SS400, S45C, FCD, SCM, SUJ, etc.) or an alloy (SKD, WC, etc.).

[0052] The material of the annular member 6 is, for example, engineering plastic. The engineering plastic is, for example, POM (polyacetal). The engineering plastic may be PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), high molecular weight polyethylene, or the like. The material of the annular member 6 may also be metal, for example, aluminum.

[0053] [effect] In the shredder 100 of this embodiment, when the shredder 100 is in use, when the motor 1025 is operated, the rotary shaft 1 rotates, and as the rotary shaft 1 rotates, the rotary blade 3 rotates integrally with the holder 4. At that time, the holder 4 is urged toward the fixed blade member 2 by the spring 53 of the urging mechanism 5, so the rotating rotary blade 3 slides against the shredding area 22 of the fixed blade member 2. In the shredding area 22 of the fixed blade member 2, part of the edge defining the communicating hole 221 is the fixed blade. Therefore, the material to be shredded is cut between the fixed blade and the rotating rotary blade 3, and as a result, the material to be shredded is shredded.

[0054] Furthermore, in the shredder 100 of this embodiment, an annular member 6 is interposed between the annular region 21 of the fixed blade member 2 and the annular base 41 of the holder 4. In this case, the gap between the annular region 21 and the annular base 41 is filled with the annular member 6. If there is a gap between the annular region 21 of the fixed blade member 2 and the annular base 41 of the holder 4 around the rotating shaft 1, i.e., the stepped sleeve 52, shredded material is likely to accumulate in the gap. This is because the gap is close to the rotating shaft 1 (stepped sleeve 52), and the centrifugal force acting on the flowing material in the gap is small. In particular, shredded material is likely to accumulate in the portion of the gap near the rotating blade 3. When shredded material accumulates, the material to be shredded becomes entangled in the accumulated shredded material, causing the shredded material to become wrapped around the rotating shaft 1 (stepped sleeve 52). In this regard, in the shredder 100 of this embodiment, the gap is filled with the annular member 6, which makes it possible to suppress accumulation of shredded material, and as a result, it is possible to prevent excessive wrapping of the shredded material around the rotating shaft 1 (stepped sleeve 52). Therefore, smooth rotation of the rotating shaft 1 is maintained, and it becomes possible to prevent the motor 1025 from stopping due to overload.

[0055] In the shredder 100 of this embodiment, when the shredder 100 is in use, the rotary blade 3 and the annular member 6 rotate integrally with the holder 4 as the rotary shaft 1 rotates. At this time, the holder 4 is biased toward the fixed blade member 2 by the spring 53 of the biasing mechanism 5. Therefore, when the rotary blade 3 wears due to sliding with the shredding region 22 of the fixed blade member 2, the annular member 6 slides with the annular region 21 of the fixed blade member 2. In this embodiment, the annular member 6 includes a clearance reduction allowance structure that allows the clearance between the annular region 21 and the annular base 41 to decrease as the rotary blade 3 wears. In this case, the clearance between the annular region 21 of the fixed blade member 2 and the annular base 41 of the holder 4 can decrease as the rotary blade 3 wears. Therefore, no gap is generated between the worn rotary blade 3 and the shredding region 22 of the fixed blade member 2. Therefore, a stable sliding state between the rotary blade 3 and the shredding region 22 is maintained.

[0056] Specifically, because the annular member 6 is made of a material less wear-resistant than the fixed blade member 2 and the rotary blade 3, the annular member 6, which slides against the annular region 21 of the fixed blade member 2, wears faster than the rotary blade 3. In this case, the annular member 6 wears in accordance with the wear of the rotary blade 3, and as a result, the gap reduction allowance structure functions, allowing the gap between the annular region 21 and the annular base 41 to decrease. Furthermore, even if the rotary blade 3 wears, the wear of the annular member 6 progresses faster than the wear of the rotary blade 3, so a situation does not occur in which the annular member 6 becomes closer to the fixed blade member 2 than the rotary blade 3. As a result, no gap is created between the worn rotary blade 3 and the fixed blade member 2. Therefore, a stable sliding state between the rotary blade 3 and the shredding region 22 is maintained, making it possible to shred materials for a long period of time.

[0057] Second Embodiment A shredder 100 according to a second embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 5. The shredder 100 according to the second embodiment differs from the shredder 100 according to the first embodiment in the configuration of the annular member 6A.

[0058] Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the main parts of a shredder 100 according to a second embodiment. Like Fig. 3, Fig. 5 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view including the central axis of the fixed blade member 2, and shows an enlarged view of the annular member 6A and its surroundings. The annular member 6A includes an elastic member 60A that biases the annular member 6A toward the annular region 21 of the fixed blade member 2.

[0059] Specifically, like the above-described annular member 6, the annular member 6A is disk-shaped with an inner hole 61 in the center and has a tubular portion 62. The annular member 6A further has a cylindrical portion 64. The cylindrical portion 64 is provided so as to protrude from the outer peripheral edge of the annular member 6A in the axial direction opposite the tubular portion 62. In other words, the cylindrical portion 64 protrudes toward the annular base 41 of the holder 4. A holder-side cylindrical portion 65 is provided on the annular base 41 of the holder 4. The holder-side cylindrical portion 65 is arranged so as to be inserted inside the cylindrical portion 64.

[0060] Furthermore, an elastic member 60A is disposed between the annular member 6A and the annular base portion 41 of the holder 4 in the extending direction of the rotating shaft 1. The elastic member 60A is a spring. For example, a disc spring can be used as the spring. The annular member 6A exerts the elastic force of the elastic member 60A toward the annular region 21 of the fixed blade member 2. In other words, the elastic member 60A biases the annular member 6A toward the annular region 21 of the fixed blade member 2. This elastic member 60A functions as a gap reduction allowance structure. The cylindrical portion 64 and the holder-side cylindrical portion 65 serve to surround and protect the elastic member 60A.

[0061] In the shredder 100 of this embodiment, the elastic member 60A urges the annular member 6A toward the annular region 21 of the fixed blade member 2. As the rotary blade 3 wears, the annular member 6A is pressed against the annular region 21 of the fixed blade member 2, and the elastic member 60A elastically deforms and contracts in the extension direction of the rotary shaft 1. This elastic deformation of the elastic member 60A reduces the distance between the annular region 21 and the annular base 41. Furthermore, the elastic deformation of the elastic member 60A prevents the annular member 6A from coming closer to the fixed blade member 2 than the rotary blade 3. As a result, no gap is created between the worn rotary blade 3 and the fixed blade member 2. Therefore, a stable sliding state between the rotary blade 3 and the shredding region 22 is maintained.

[0062] In this embodiment, like the annular member 6 in the first embodiment, the annular member 6A is made of a material that is less wear-resistant than the rotary blade 3, and is further made of a material that is less wear-resistant than the fixed blade member 2. However, the annular member 6A may be made of a material that has the same or greater wear resistance as the rotary blade 3, or may be made of a material that has the same or greater wear resistance as the fixed blade member 2.

[0063] <Third embodiment> A shredder 100 according to a third embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 6. The shredder 100 according to the third embodiment differs from the shredder 100 according to the first embodiment in the configuration of the annular member 6B.

[0064] Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the main parts of a shredder 100 according to a third embodiment. Like Fig. 3, Fig. 6 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view including the central axis of the fixed blade member 2, and shows an enlarged view of the annular member 6B and its surroundings. Like the annular member 6A, the annular member 6B includes an elastic member 60B that biases the annular member 6B toward the annular region 21 of the fixed blade member 2.

[0065] Specifically, the annular member 6B, like the above-described annular member 6, is disk-shaped with an inner hole 61 in the center and has a tubular portion 62. The annular member 6B further has an elastic member 60B. The elastic member 60B has an annular shape and is layered on the annular member 6B. In particular, the elastic member 60B is disposed between the annular member 6B and the annular base portion 41 of the holder 4 in the extension direction of the rotation shaft 1. The elastic member 60B is made of, for example, rubber or urethane sponge. The annular member 6B is provided with an elastic force of the elastic member 60B toward the annular region 21 of the fixed blade member 2. Therefore, the elastic member 60B biases the annular member 6B toward the annular region 21 of the fixed blade member 2. This elastic member 60B functions as a gap reduction allowance structure.

[0066] The shredder 100 of this embodiment has the same effects as the second embodiment.

[0067] <Fourth embodiment> A shredder 100 according to a fourth embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 7. The shredder 100 according to the fourth embodiment differs from the shredder 100 according to the first embodiment in the configuration of the annular member 6C.

[0068] Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the main parts of a shredder 100 according to a fourth embodiment. Similar to Fig. 3, Fig. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view including the central axis of the fixed blade member 2. An annular member 6C is fixed to the fixed blade member 2.

[0069] Specifically, like the above-described annular member 6, the annular member 6C is disk-shaped with an inner hole 61 in the center and has a tubular portion 62. However, the diameter of the inner hole 61 of the annular member 6C is larger than the diameters of the inner holes 61 of the annular members 6, 6A, and 6B, and the outer diameter of the tubular portion 62 of the annular member 6C is larger than the outer diameters of the tubular portions 62 of the annular members 6, 6A, and 6B. In the fixed blade member 2, the tubular portion 62 of the annular member 6C is press-fitted into the inner hole 211 of the annular region 21. This allows the annular member 6C to be integrated with the fixed blade member 2. That is, the annular member 6C is fixed to the fixed blade member 2.

[0070] In this embodiment, the annular member 6C is preferably made of a material with lower wear resistance than the rotary blade 3. The annular member 6C is further preferably made of a material with lower wear resistance than the holder 4. The materials of the rotary blade 3, the fixed blade member 2, and the annular member 6C can be the same as those of the first embodiment. The material of the holder 4 can be the same as that of the fixed blade member 2. In other words, the material of the holder 4 is, for example, stainless steel (SUS, SCS, etc.). The material of the holder 4 may be an iron-based metal (SS400, S45C, FCD, SCM, SUJ, etc.) or an alloy (SKD, WC, etc.). The material of the holder 4 may be different from the material of the fixed blade member 2.

[0071] Even in the shredder 100 of this embodiment, an annular member 6C is interposed between the annular region 21 of the fixed blade member 2 and the annular base 41 of the holder 4. In this case, the gap between the annular region 21 and the annular base 41 is filled with the annular member 6C. Therefore, as in the first embodiment, it is possible to suppress the accumulation of shredded material, and as a result, it is possible to prevent excessive wrapping of the material to be shredded around the rotating shaft 1 (stepped sleeve 52).

[0072] In the shredder 100 of this embodiment, when the shredder 100 is in use, as the rotary shaft 1 rotates, the rotary blade 3 rotates integrally with the holder 4, and the annular base 41 of the holder 4 rotates relative to the annular member 6C. At this time, the holder 4 is urged toward the fixed blade member 2 by the spring 53 of the urging mechanism 5, so when the rotary blade 3 wears due to sliding with the shredding region 22 of the fixed blade member 2, the annular base 41 of the holder 4 slides against the annular member 6C. In this embodiment, as a gap reduction allowance mechanism, the annular member 6C is made of a material that is less wear-resistant than the holder 4 and the rotary blade 3, so the annular member 6C sliding against the annular base 41 of the holder 4 wears. In this case, the annular member 6C wears in accordance with the wear of the rotary blade 3, and as a result, the gap between the annular region 21 and the annular base 41 can be reduced. Furthermore, even if the rotary blade 3 wears, the annular member 6C wears faster than the rotary blade 3, so no gap is created between the worn rotary blade 3 and the fixed blade member 2. Therefore, a stable sliding state between the rotary blade 3 and the shredding area 22 is maintained, making it possible to shred materials for a long period of time.

[0073] The elastic members 60A and 60B of the second and third embodiments can be applied to the shredder 100 of the fourth embodiment. In this case, the elastic members 60A and 60B are arranged between the annular member 6C and the annular region 21 of the fixed blade member 2 in the extension direction of the rotary shaft 1. The elastic members 60A and 60B urge the annular member 6C toward the annular base 41 of the holder 4. Therefore, as the rotary blade 3 wears, the annular member 6C is pressed against the annular base 41 of the holder 4, and the elastic members 60A and 60B elastically deform and contract in the extension direction of the rotary shaft 1. This elastic deformation of the elastic members 60A and 60B reduces the distance between the annular region 21 and the annular base 41, preventing a gap from occurring between the worn rotary blade 3 and the fixed blade member 2.

[0074] When the elastic members 60A and 60B of the second and third embodiments are applied to the shredder 100 of the fourth embodiment, the annular member 6C may be made of a material having wear resistance equal to or greater than that of the rotary blade 3, or may be made of a material having wear resistance equal to or greater than that of the holder 4.

[0075] The embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above. However, the above-described embodiments are merely examples. Therefore, the present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the above-described embodiments can be appropriately modified and implemented without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

[0076] For example, in the annular members 6, 6A, 6B of the first to third embodiments, the tubular portion 62 may be omitted. When the tubular portion 62 is omitted, the collar 7 can also be omitted.

[0077] The annular members 6, 6A, 6B may be formed together with the stepped sleeve 52 from a single material.

[0078] The biasing mechanism 5 that biases the holder 4 and the rotary blade 3 toward the fixed blade member 2 is not limited to a configuration that uses the spring 53, and may be a configuration that uses, for example, a pneumatic cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder. [Explanation of symbols]

[0079] 100: Shredder 1: Rotation axis 2: Fixed blade member 21: Annular region 22: Shredding area 221:Communication hole 3: Rotary blade 4: Holder 41: Annular base 5: Biasing mechanism 6, 6A, 6B, 6C: Annular members 60A, 60B: Elastic member 1025: Motor

Claims

1. a rotating shaft driven by a motor; a plate-shaped fixed blade member including an annular region into which the rotary shaft is inserted, and a shredding region surrounding the annular region and having a plurality of communication holes; a rotary blade slidably provided in the shredding area of ​​the fixed blade member; a holder that supports the rotary blade and is attached to the rotary shaft, the holder including an annular base portion into which the rotary shaft is inserted and that faces the annular region of the fixed blade member; a biasing mechanism provided on the rotation shaft and biasing the holder toward the fixed blade member; an annular member interposed between the annular region of the fixed blade member and the annular base of the holder.

2. 2. The shredder of claim 1, The shredder, wherein the annular member includes a gap reduction allowing structure that allows the gap between the annular region of the fixed blade member and the annular base of the holder to be reduced in response to wear of the rotary blade associated with use of the shredder.

3. 3. The shredder according to claim 2, The annular member is fixed to the holder.

4. 4. The shredder according to claim 3, A shredder, wherein the annular member is made of a material that is less wear-resistant than the fixed blade member and the rotary blade as the gap reduction allowing structure.

5. 5. The shredder according to claim 4, A shredder, wherein the material constituting the annular member is an engineering plastic.

6. The shredder according to any one of claims 3 to 5, The shredder, wherein the gap reduction allowing structure includes an elastic member that biases the annular member toward the annular region of the fixed blade member.

7. 3. The shredder according to claim 2, The shredder, wherein the annular member is fixed to the fixed blade member.

8. 8. The shredder of claim 7, A shredder, wherein the annular member is made of a material having lower friction resistance than the holder and the rotary blade as the gap reduction allowing structure.

9. 9. The shredder of claim 8, A shredder, wherein the material constituting the annular member is an engineering plastic.

10. The shredder according to any one of claims 7 to 9, The shredder, wherein the spacing reduction allowing structure includes a resilient member that biases the annular member toward the annular base of the holder.

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