Incineration system

Abstract

To provide an incineration system for suppressing costs associated with incineration of sludge.SOLUTION: A dryer configured to dry an object to be processed, an incinerator configured to incinerate the object to be processed dried by the dryer, a supercharger including a compressor configured to generate compressed gas by inducing and compressing exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator, and a turbine configured to drive the compressor, a first heat exchanger configured to raise a temperature of the compressed gas supplied from the compressor by at least a part of the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator, and a supply unit that supplies the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator to the first heat exchanger, supplies the exhaust gas supplied from the first heat exchanger to the compressor, supplies the compressed gas supplied from the compressor to the first heat exchanger, supplies the compressed gas supplied from the first heat exchanger to the turbine, and supplies the compressed gas supplied from the turbine to the second heat exchanger.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to incineration systems. [Background technology]

[0002] For example, a technology has been proposed in which waste heat from an incinerator that incinerates sewage sludge (hereinafter also simply referred to as sludge or material to be treated) is utilized to induce exhaust gas from the incinerator (see Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2015-194307 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In incineration systems that utilize waste heat from incinerators such as those described above, it is desirable to reduce costs by, for example, incinerating sludge while reducing the amount of fuel used to assist in the incineration of sludge (hereinafter also referred to as auxiliary fuel). [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] The incineration system of the present disclosure includes a dryer for drying materials to be treated, an incinerator for incinerating the materials to be treated dried by the dryer, a turbocharger having a compressor for generating compressed gas by attracting and compressing exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator and a turbine for driving the compressor, a first heat exchanger for raising the temperature of the compressed gas supplied from the compressor by at least a portion of the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator, and a second heat exchanger for heating the compressed gas supplied from the compressor by the compressed gas discharged from the turbine. a second heat exchanger that heats the circulating fluid through the second heat exchanger, and a supply unit that supplies the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator to the first heat exchanger, supplies the exhaust gas supplied from the first heat exchanger to the compressor, supplies the compressed gas supplied from the compressor to the first heat exchanger, supplies the compressed gas supplied from the first heat exchanger to the turbine, and supplies the compressed gas supplied from the turbine to the second heat exchanger, and the dryer dries the material to be treated using the thermal energy of the fluid. [Effects of the Invention]

[0006] The incineration system of the present disclosure makes it possible to reduce the costs associated with incinerating sludge. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0007] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of an incineration system 100 according to the first embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the line L25, the line L26, and the line L31. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the function of the control device 10. As shown in FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the hardware configuration of the control device 10. As shown in FIG. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating the temperature control in the first embodiment. [Figure 6]FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of an incineration system 200 according to the second embodiment. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of an incineration system 200 according to the second embodiment. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of an incineration system 300 according to the third embodiment. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of an incineration system 300 according to the third embodiment. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of an incineration system 400 according to the fourth embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0008] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. However, such descriptions should not be interpreted in a limiting sense, and do not limit the subject matter described in the claims. Furthermore, various changes, substitutions, and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Furthermore, different embodiments can be combined as appropriate.

[0009] [Incineration system 100 in the first embodiment] First, an incineration system 100 in the first embodiment will be described. Figures 1 to 4 are diagrams illustrating an example of the configuration of the incineration system 100 in the first embodiment. Note that the positions and numbers of lines (pipes) and valves shown below are examples and are not limited to these.

[0010] As shown in FIG. 1, the incineration system 100 includes, for example, an incinerator 1, a heat exchanger 2, a dust collector 3, a smoke washing tower 4, a chimney 5, a turbocharger 6, heat exchangers 7a, 7b, and 8, a dryer 30, and blowers B1 and B2. Blowers B1 and B2 are devices that have the function of blowing air, such as fans or blowers. Hereinafter, heat exchangers 7a and 7b will be collectively referred to simply as heat exchanger 7 or first heat exchanger 7. Hereinafter, heat exchanger 8 will also be referred to as second heat exchanger 8. Hereinafter, when heat exchanger 7b is referred to as first heat exchanger 7b, heat exchanger 7a will also be referred to as third heat exchanger 7a.

[0011] The dryer 30 dries sludge (hereinafter also referred to as dewatered sludge) supplied from upstream equipment of the dryer 30 (for example, a concentrator not shown) via a line L51, for example. The line L51 is a pipe connecting the upstream equipment of the dryer 30 with the dryer 30. The sludge dried in the dryer 30 (hereinafter also referred to as dried sludge) is supplied to the incinerator 1 via a line L41, for example.

[0012] The incinerator 1 is, for example, a fluidized bed incinerator that incinerates sludge (dried sludge) supplied from the dryer 30 via line L41, and has a so-called fluidized bed 1a. Line L41 is, for example, a pipe connecting the dryer 30 and the incinerator 1. Below, we will explain the case where the incinerator 1 is a fluidized bed incinerator, but the incinerator 1 may be various types of incinerators other than a fluidized bed incinerator. Furthermore, hereinafter, the air supplied to the incinerator 1 will also be referred to as combustion air.

[0013] The blower B1 supplies combustion air to the heat exchanger 2 via, for example, a line L11. The line L11 is, for example, a pipe that connects the outlet side of the blower B1 and the inlet side of the heat exchanger 2 for combustion air.

[0014] The heat exchanger 2 exchanges heat between, for example, the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1 and the combustion air supplied by the blower B1.

[0015] Specifically, the heat exchanger 2 heats the combustion air supplied via the line L11 by using, for example, the heat retained in the exhaust gas G1 supplied from the incinerator 1 via the line L1 (i.e., the waste heat of the incinerator 1). The line L1 is, for example, a pipe connecting the outlet side of the exhaust gas G1 in the incinerator 1 and the inlet side of the exhaust gas G1 in the heat exchanger 2. The heated combustion air is then supplied to the incinerator 1 (for example, the fluidized bed 1a in the incinerator 1) via the line L12. The line L12 is, for example, a pipe connecting the outlet side of the combustion air in the heat exchanger 2 and the inlet side of the combustion air in the incinerator 1. The exhaust gas G1 supplied from the heat exchanger 2 is then supplied to the heat exchanger 7a via the line L2. The line L2 is, for example, a pipe that connects the outlet side of the heat exchanger 2 for the exhaust gas G1 with the inlet side of the heat exchanger 7a for the exhaust gas G1.

[0016] The dust collector 3 is installed, for example, downstream of the heat exchanger 7a, and collects incineration ash contained in the flue gas G1 supplied from the heat exchanger 7a via line L3. The line L3 is, for example, a pipe connecting the outlet side of the heat exchanger 7a for the flue gas G1 to the inlet side of the dust collector 3. The flue gas G1 supplied from the dust collector 3 is then supplied to the heat exchanger 7b via line L4a. The line L4a is, for example, a pipe connecting the outlet side of the flue gas G1 in the dust collector 3 to the inlet side of the heat exchanger 7b for the flue gas G1. The incineration system 100 may also include, for example, a cooling tower (not shown) upstream of the dust collector 3, for cooling the flue gas G1 supplied from the heat exchanger 7a.

[0017] The smoke washing treatment tower 4 is installed, for example, at the rear stage of the heat exchanger 7b, and the flue gas G1 supplied from the heat exchanger 7b via the line L4b is introduced from the bottom of the tower and brought into contact with the smoke washing water sprayed from the spray nozzles (not shown) at the top, thereby removing the SO in the flue gas G1. X The line L4b is, for example, a pipe connecting the outlet side of the heat exchanger 7b for the flue gas G1 to the inlet side of the smoke washing tower 4 for the flue gas G1.

[0018] The chimney 5 is installed, for example, at the top of the smoke washing tower 4. Then, the exhaust gas G2 washed in the smoke washing tower 4 passes through, for example, a blower B2, a turbocharger 6, a heat exchanger 7a, a heat exchanger 7b, and a heat exchanger 8, as will be described later, and is then released to the outside from the chimney 5.

[0019] The blower B2 is, for example, an induced draft fan, and draws the flue gas G1 (flue gas G2) discharged from the incinerator 1. Specifically, the blower B2 draws the flue gas G1 (flue gas G2) via, for example, line L1, line L2, line L3, line L4a, line L4b, and line L21. The line L21 is, for example, a pipe connecting the outlet side of the flue gas G2 in the smoke washing tower 4 with the inlet side of the blower B2. The blower B2 then supplies the flue gas G2 to the turbocharger 6 via, for example, line L22. The line L22 is, for example, a pipe connecting the outlet side of the blower B2 with the inlet side of the compressor 6a.

[0020] The supercharger 6 includes, for example, a compressor 6a and a turbine 6b connected via a rotary shaft 6c.

[0021] The compressor 6a compresses, for example, the flue gas G2 supplied from the blower B2 via line L22. The compressor 6a also compresses, for example, the flue gas G2 supplied directly from the smoke scrubbing tower 4 via line L24. The line L24 is, for example, a pipe connecting a portion of line L21 between the outlet side of the smoke scrubbing tower 4 and the inlet side of the blower B2 with a portion of line L22 between the outlet side of the blower B2 and the inlet side of the compressor 6a. That is, the line L24 is a pipe used, for example, when the flue gas G2 supplied from the smoke scrubbing tower 4 is supplied directly to the compressor 6a, bypassing the blower B2. Specifically, in the incineration system 100, for example, the flue gas G2 supplied from the smoke scrubbing tower 4 is directly supplied to the compressor 6a by controlling the opening of a valve V1 provided on line L24. Note that the valve opening control refers to control to increase the valve opening. Hereinafter, the exhaust gas G2 compressed by the compressor 6a will also be referred to as compressed gas.

[0022] The compressor 6a supplies the exhaust gas G2 (compressed gas) to the heat exchanger 7b via, for example, a line L25. The line L25 is, for example, a pipe connecting the outlet side of the compressor 6a to the inlet side of the heat exchanger 7b for the exhaust gas G2.

[0023] The heat exchanger 7b performs heat exchange between, for example, the exhaust gas G1 supplied from the dust collector 3 and the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the compressor 6a.

[0024] Specifically, the heat exchanger 7b uses the heat contained in the exhaust gas G1 supplied from the dust collector 3 via the line L4a to heat the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the compressor 6a via the line L25. The exhaust gas G2 heated in the heat exchanger 7b is then supplied to the heat exchanger 7a via the line L31. The line L31 is, for example, a pipe connecting the outlet side of the heat exchanger 7b for the exhaust gas G2 to the inlet side of the heat exchanger 7a for the exhaust gas G2.

[0025] The heat exchanger 7a performs heat exchange between, for example, the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the heat exchanger 2 and the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the heat exchanger 7b.

[0026] Specifically, the heat exchanger 7a uses the heat contained in the exhaust gas G1 supplied from the heat exchanger 2 via the line L2 to heat the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the heat exchanger 7b via the line L31. The exhaust gas G2 heated in the heat exchanger 7a is then supplied to the turbine 6b via the line L26. The line L26 is, for example, a pipe connecting the outlet side of the exhaust gas G2 in the heat exchanger 7a with the inlet side of the turbine 6b. Hereinafter, the exhaust gas G2 heated by at least one of the heat exchanger 7b and the heat exchanger 7a will also be referred to as heated gas.

[0027] [Configuration of Lines L25, L26 and L31] Next, the configurations of the lines L25, L26, and L31 will be described. Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configurations of the lines L25, L26, and L31.

[0028] The line L25 and the line L31 are provided with, for example, a bypass L32a that bypasses the heat exchanger 7b. The bypass L32a is, for example, a pipe that branches off from the line L25 and joins the line L31.

[0029] In the incineration system 100, for example, the amount of flue gas G2 supplied to the heat exchanger 7b is controlled by at least one of opening and closing the valve V11 provided downstream of the branch point with the bypass L32a in the line L25 and opening and closing the valve V12 provided in the bypass L32a. In other words, in the incineration system 100, for example, by at least one of opening and closing the valve V11 and opening and closing the valve V12, control is performed so that at least a portion of the flue gas G2 supplied from the compressor 6a via the line L25 is not supplied to the heat exchanger 7b. Note that the closing control of the valve refers to a control that reduces the opening degree of the valve.

[0030] The line L31 and the line L26 are provided with, for example, a bypass L32b that bypasses the heat exchanger 7a. The bypass L32b is, for example, a pipe that branches off from the line L31 downstream of the junction of the line L31 with the bypass L32a and merges with the line L26.

[0031] In the incineration system 100, the amount of flue gas G2 supplied to the heat exchanger 7a is controlled by, for example, at least one of opening and closing the valve V13 provided in the bypass L32b and opening and closing the valve V14 provided in the line L31 downstream of the branch point with the bypass L32b. In other words, in the incineration system 100, by, for example, opening and closing the valve V13 and opening and closing the valve V14, control is performed so that at least a portion of the flue gas G2 supplied from the compressor 6a or the heat exchanger 7b via the line L31 is not supplied to the heat exchanger 7a.

[0032] Also, for example, a thermometer M is attached to the line L26 to measure the temperature of the exhaust gas G2 flowing through the line L26. That is, the thermometer M can measure the temperature of the exhaust gas G2 whose temperature has been increased by both the heat exchanger 7a and the heat exchanger 7b, or the temperature of the exhaust gas G2 whose temperature has been increased only by the heat exchanger 7a, or the temperature of the exhaust gas G2 whose temperature has been increased only by the heat exchanger 7b. Note that, in the following description, the thermometer M is assumed to be attached downstream of the junction of the line L26 with the bypass L32b, but this is not limiting. Specifically, for example, the thermometer M may be attached upstream of the junction of the line L26 with the bypass L32b.

[0033] 1, the turbine 6b rotates the rotary shaft 6c by using, for example, the energy (thermal energy) of the exhaust gas G2 (heated gas) supplied from the heat exchanger 7a. The compressor 6a compresses the exhaust gas G2 by being driven in conjunction with the rotation of the rotary shaft 6c by the turbine 6b.

[0034] The turbine 6b then supplies the exhaust gas G2 (heated gas) to the heat exchanger 8 via, for example, a line L23a. The line L23a is, for example, a pipe that connects the outlet side of the turbine 6b and the inlet side of the heat exchanger 8 for the exhaust gas G2.

[0035] The heat exchanger 8 exchanges heat between, for example, the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the turbine 6b and a fluid. The fluid is, for example, steam or thermal oil circulated between the heat exchanger 8 and the dryer 30 via a line L61. The line L61 is, for example, a circulation pipe that circulates between the heat exchanger 8 and the dryer 30.

[0036] Specifically, the heat exchanger 8 uses the heat contained in the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the turbine 6b or the heat exchanger 7a via the line L23a to raise the temperature of the fluid supplied from the dryer 30 via the line L61. Then, the fluid heated in the heat exchanger 8 is supplied to the dryer 30 via the line L61, for example.

[0037] The dryer 30 dries the sludge (dewatered sludge) supplied via the line L51, for example, by using the heat contained in the fluid supplied from the heat exchanger 8 via the line L61.

[0038] In addition, in the incineration system 100, for example, another heat exchanger (not shown) may be installed in the line L23a or the line L23b. The other heat exchanger may recover waste heat in excess of the thermal energy used in the white smoke prevention process in the chimney 5.

[0039] Furthermore, hereinafter, the section including lines L1, L2, L3, L4a, L4b, L21, L22, L23a, L23b, L24, L25, L26 and valve V1 as shown in FIG. 1 will be collectively referred to as supply section 20.

[0040] That is, the supply unit 20 can, for example, supply the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1 to the heat exchanger 2, supply the exhaust gas G1 supplied from the heat exchanger 2 to the heat exchanger 7a, supply the exhaust gas G1 supplied from the heat exchanger 7a to the dust collector 3, supply the exhaust gas G1 supplied from the dust collector 3 to the heat exchanger 7b, supply the exhaust gas G1 supplied from the heat exchanger 7b to the smoke washing treatment tower 4, supply the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the smoke washing treatment tower 4 to the compressor 6a, supply the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the compressor 6a to the heat exchanger 7b, supply the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the heat exchanger 7b to the heat exchanger 7a, supply the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the heat exchanger 7a to the turbine 6b, supply the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the turbine 6b to the heat exchanger 8, and supply the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the heat exchanger 8 to the chimney 5.

[0041] In addition, the supply unit 20 can, for example, supply the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the smoke washing treatment tower 4 to the blower B2, supply the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the blower B2 to the heat exchanger 7b, supply the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the heat exchanger 7b to the heat exchanger 7a, supply the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the heat exchanger 7a to the turbine 6b, supply the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the turbine 6b to the heat exchanger 8, and supply the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the heat exchanger 8 to the chimney 5.

[0042] Next, a description will be given of the functions of the control device 10. FIG.

[0043] As shown in FIG. 3, the incineration system 100 includes a control device 10 that controls the temperature (hereinafter also referred to as temperature control) of the exhaust gas G2 supplied to the turbine 6b (heat exchanger 8), for example.

[0044] The control device 10 is, for example, an electronic device having an electronic circuit. Specifically, the control device 10 is, for example, one or more physical machines or one or more virtual machines having a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and a memory.

[0045] As shown in FIG. 3, the control device 10 controls the temperature of the exhaust gas G2 supplied to the turbine 6b by, for example, controlling the opening and closing of the valve V11 provided in the line L25, controlling the opening and closing of the valve V12 provided in the bypass L32a, controlling the opening and closing of the valve V13 provided in the bypass L32b, and controlling the opening and closing of the valve V14 provided in the line L26, depending on the temperature measured by the thermometer M (the temperature of the exhaust gas G2).

[0046] That is, the control device 10 controls the temperature of the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the turbine 6b to the heat exchanger 8 to approach a predetermined target temperature (hereinafter also referred to as a second target temperature) by, for example, controlling the opening and closing of the valve V11 provided on the line L25, the valve V12 provided on the bypass L32a, the valve V13 provided on the bypass L32b, and the valve V14 provided on the line L26 so that the temperature measured by the thermometer M approaches a predetermined target temperature (hereinafter also referred to as a first target temperature). The second target temperature is a temperature measured by, for example, a thermometer (not shown) attached to the line L23a (near the turbine 6b on the line L23a), and is a temperature at which the heat exchanger 8 can supply necessary thermal energy to the dryer 30 via the line L61 (for example, thermal energy sufficient to dry a predetermined amount of sludge supplied to the dryer 30 via the line L51).

[0047] Specifically, for example, when the temperature measured by the thermometer M is lower than the first target temperature, the control device 10 increases the supply amount of the exhaust gas G2 supplied to the heat exchanger 7a by performing at least one of control to decrease the opening of the valve V13 and control to increase the opening of the valve V14. That is, in this case, the control device 10 controls so that the temperature measured by the thermometer M increases by increasing the supply amount of the exhaust gas G2 supplied to the heat exchanger 7a.

[0048] Furthermore, for example, if the temperature measured by the thermometer M is below the first target temperature even though the valve V13 is fully closed and the valve V14 is fully open, the control device 10 increases the supply amount of the exhaust gas G2 supplied to the heat exchanger 7b by performing at least one of control to decrease the opening of the valve V12 and control to increase the opening of the valve V11. That is, in this case, the control device 10 controls so that the temperature measured by the thermometer M rises, for example, by increasing the supply amount of the exhaust gas G2 supplied to the heat exchanger 7b.

[0049] If the temperature measured by the thermometer M reaches the first target temperature but the temperature of the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the turbine 6b to the heat exchanger 8 does not reach (approach) the second target temperature, the control device 10 may, for example, further perform at least one of control to reduce the aperture of the valve V13 and control to increase the aperture of the valve V14 so that the temperature of the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the turbine 6b to the heat exchanger 8 reaches (approaches) the second target temperature. In this case, the control device 10 may, for example, further perform at least one of control to increase the aperture of the valve V11 and control to decrease the aperture of the valve V12 in addition to at least one of control to reduce the aperture of the valve V13 and control to increase the aperture of the valve V14.

[0050] Furthermore, when the temperature measured by thermometer M has reached the first target temperature but the temperature of exhaust gas G2 supplied from turbine 6b to heat exchanger 8 has not reached (approached) the second target temperature, the control device 10 may, for example, update the first target temperature to a temperature that is a predetermined temperature higher than the current temperature, and further perform at least one of control to reduce the aperture of valve V13 and control to increase the aperture of valve V14 so that the temperature measured by thermometer M approaches the updated first target temperature. Furthermore, in this case, the control device 10 may, for example, further perform at least one of control to increase the aperture of valve V11 and control to decrease the aperture of valve V12 in addition to at least one of control to reduce the aperture of valve V13 and control to increase the aperture of valve V14.

[0051] Next, the configuration of the control device 10 in the first embodiment will be described. Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating the hardware configuration of the control device 10.

[0052] 4, the control device 10 is, for example, an electronic device having an electronic circuit. Specifically, the control device 10 is, for example, a computer device having a CPU 101 which is a processor, a memory 102, a communication device 103, and a storage medium 104. Each unit is connected to each other via, for example, a bus 105.

[0053] The storage medium 104 has, for example, a program storage area (not shown) that stores a program 110 for performing temperature control. The storage medium 104 also has, for example, an information storage area 130 that stores information used when performing temperature control. The storage medium 104 may be, for example, a hard disk drive (HDD) or a solid state drive (SSD).

[0054] The CPU 101 performs temperature control by executing a program 110 loaded into the memory 102 from the storage medium 104, for example.

[0055] The communication device 103 accesses an operation terminal (not shown) through which an operator inputs necessary information, for example, via a network (not shown) such as the Internet.

[0056] The control device 10 may have, for example, an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) or an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit). The control device 10 may also include, for example, a PIC (Peripheral Interface Controller). Temperature control may be performed by, for example, the FPGA or ASIC.

[0057] [Temperature control flowchart] Next, a flow chart of the temperature control will be described below: Fig. 5 is a flow chart for explaining the temperature control in the first embodiment.

[0058] The control device 10 waits, for example, until it is time to control the temperature. The temperature control may be performed periodically, for example, at intervals of one minute.

[0059] Then, when it is time to control the temperature, the control device 10, as shown in FIG. 5, acquires, for example, the temperature measured by the thermometer M (the temperature of the exhaust gas G2 flowing through the line L26) (step S1 in FIG. 5).

[0060] Thereafter, the control device 10 determines whether the temperature acquired in step S1 satisfies a predetermined condition (hereinafter simply referred to as the condition). Specifically, the control device 10 determines that the temperature acquired in step S1 satisfies the condition if, for example, the temperature difference between the temperature acquired in step S1 and the first target temperature is equal to or less than a predetermined threshold. Note that the control device 10 may also determine that the temperature acquired in step S1 satisfies the condition if, for example, the temperature acquired in step S1 is even slightly lower than the first target temperature.

[0061] As a result, if it is determined that the temperature acquired in step S1 does not satisfy the conditions, in other words, if it is determined that the temperature acquired in step S1 is outside the allowable range of the target temperature, the control device 10 performs, for example, temperature control (NO in step S2, step S3 in FIG. 5).

[0062] Specifically, in this case, the control device 10 performs temperature control by, for example, opening and closing the valve V11 provided in the line L25, opening and closing the valve V12 provided in the bypass L32a, opening and closing the valve V13 provided in the bypass L32b, and opening and closing the valve V14 provided in the line L26.

[0063] On the other hand, if it is determined that the temperature acquired in step S1 satisfies the conditions, in other words, if it is determined that the temperature acquired in step S1 is within the allowable range of the target temperature, the control device 10 may, for example, not perform step S3 (YES in step S2 of Figure 5).

[0064] As described above, the incineration system 100 in this embodiment includes, for example, a dryer 30 that dries sludge (material to be treated), an incinerator 1 that incinerates the sludge dried by the dryer 30, a turbocharger 6 having a compressor 6a that generates compressed gas by attracting and compressing the exhaust gas G1 (exhaust gas G2) discharged from the incinerator 1 and a turbine 6b that drives the compressor 6a, and a heat exchanger 6 that heats the compressed gas supplied from the compressor 6a by at least a portion of the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1. and a supply unit 20 that supplies exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1 to the heat exchanger 7, supplies the exhaust gas G1 (exhaust gas G2) supplied from the heat exchanger 7 to the compressor 6a, supplies the compressed gas supplied from the compressor 6a to the heat exchanger 7, supplies the compressed gas supplied from the heat exchanger 7 to the turbine 6b, and supplies the compressed gas supplied from the turbine 6b to the heat exchanger 8. In the incineration system 100 of this embodiment, the dryer 30 dries sludge, for example, by using the thermal energy of the fluid.

[0065] Specifically, in the incineration system 100 of this embodiment, the supply unit 20 can, for example, supply at least a portion of the compressed gas supplied from the compressor 6a to the turbine 6b, bypassing the heat exchanger 7. The incineration system 100 of this embodiment also includes a control device 10 that controls the supply unit 20 to supply at least a portion of the compressed gas supplied from the compressor 6a to the turbine 6b, bypassing the heat exchanger 7, for example.

[0066] More specifically, the incineration system 100 of this embodiment further includes, for example, a heat exchanger 7b that heats the compressed gas supplied from the compressor 6a using at least a portion of the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1, and a heat exchanger 7a that heats the compressed gas supplied from the heat exchanger 7b using at least a portion of the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1. In the incineration system 100 of this embodiment, the supply unit 20 can, for example, supply the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1 to the heat exchanger 7a, supply the exhaust gas G1 supplied from the heat exchanger 7a to the heat exchanger 7b, supply the compressed gas supplied from the compressor 6a or the heat exchanger 7b to the heat exchanger 7a, supply the compressed gas supplied from the heat exchanger 7a to the turbine 6b, and supply at least a portion of the compressed gas supplied from the compressor 6a or the heat exchanger 7b to the turbine 6b, bypassing the heat exchanger 7a. In the incineration system 100 of this embodiment, the control device 10, for example, controls the supply unit 20 to cause at least a portion of the compressed gas supplied from the compressor 6a or the heat exchanger 7b to bypass the heat exchanger 7a and be supplied to the turbine 6b.

[0067] Furthermore, the incineration system 100 in this embodiment further includes, for example, a dust collector 3 that collects objects (for example, incineration ash) contained in the exhaust gas G1 supplied from the heat exchanger 7a. In the incineration system 100 in this embodiment, the supply unit 20 can supply, for example, the exhaust gas G1 supplied from the heat exchanger 7a to the dust collector 3, and can supply the exhaust gas G1 supplied from the dust collector 3 to the heat exchanger 7b.

[0068] That is, in the incineration system 100 of this embodiment, for example, the sludge is dried in the dryer 30 by using the thermal energy of the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1. Specifically, in the incineration system 100 of this embodiment, for example, the sludge is dried in the dryer 30 by diverting the thermal energy of the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1 that was not used to drive the turbocharger 6.

[0069] As a result, in the incineration system 100 of this embodiment, for example, it is possible to sufficiently reduce the moisture content of the sludge (dried sludge) fed into the incinerator 1 by using the thermal energy of the exhaust gas G1. Therefore, in the incineration system 100 of this embodiment, for example, it is possible to burn sludge without using auxiliary fuel in the incinerator 1. Therefore, in the incineration system 100 of this embodiment, it is possible to reduce the cost required for incinerating sludge, for example.

[0070] In addition, in the incineration system 100 of this embodiment, the temperature of the exhaust gas G2 is raised not only by using the heat exchanger 7a, which is the equipment upstream of the dust collector 3, but also by using the heat exchanger 7b, which is the equipment downstream of the dust collector 3.

[0071] As a result, in the incineration system 100 of this embodiment, even when sludge is dried using the thermal energy of the exhaust gas G1, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the temperature of the exhaust gas G1 supplied to the dust collector 3. Therefore, in the incineration system 100 of this embodiment, it is possible to prevent condensation from occurring on the dust collection surface (not shown) of the dust collector 3, for example.

[0072] [Incineration system 200 according to the second embodiment] Next, an incineration system 200 in the second embodiment will be described. Figures 6 and 7 are diagrams illustrating an example of the configuration of the incineration system 200 in the second embodiment. Below, differences from the incineration system 100 in the first embodiment will be described.

[0073] 6, unlike the incineration system 100, the incineration system 200 does not have a heat exchanger 7a. Therefore, the exhaust gas G1 supplied from the heat exchanger 2 is supplied directly to the dust collector 3 via a line L2, for example. Furthermore, the exhaust gas G2 heated in the heat exchanger 7b is supplied directly to the turbine 6b via a line L26, for example.

[0074] 7, the incineration system 200 does not have the line L31 or the bypass 32b, unlike the incineration system 100. Therefore, the control device 10 controls the amount of exhaust gas G2 supplied to the heat exchanger 7b by, for example, controlling the opening and closing of the valve V11 provided downstream of the branch point with the bypass L32a in the line L25, and controlling the opening and closing of the valve V12 provided in the bypass L32a.

[0075] As a result, in the incineration system 200 of this embodiment, it is possible to supply the heat energy required to dry the sludge to the dryer 30, for example, as in the case of the incineration system 100. Therefore, in the incineration system 200 of this embodiment, it is possible to reduce the cost required to combust the sludge, for example, as in the case of the incineration system 200.

[0076] [Incineration system 300 in the third embodiment] Next, an incineration system 300 in the third embodiment will be described. Figures 8 and 9 are diagrams illustrating an example of the configuration of the incineration system 300 in the third embodiment. Below, differences from the incineration system 100 in the first embodiment will be described.

[0077] 8, unlike the incineration system 100, the incineration system 300 does not have a heat exchanger 7b. Therefore, the flue gas G1 supplied from the dust collector 3 is supplied directly to the smoke washing tower 4 via, for example, line L4a. Also, the flue gas G2 supplied from the compressor 6a is supplied directly to the heat exchanger 7a via, for example, line L25.

[0078] 9, the incineration system 300 does not have the line L31 or the bypass 32a, unlike the incineration system 100. Therefore, the control device 10 controls the amount of exhaust gas G2 supplied to the heat exchanger 7a by, for example, controlling the opening and closing of the valve V13 provided in the bypass L32b and / or controlling the opening and closing of the valve V14 provided downstream of the branch point of the line L25 with the bypass L32b.

[0079] As a result, in the incineration system 300 of this embodiment, it is possible to supply the heat energy required to dry the sludge to the dryer 30, for example, as in the case of the incineration system 100. Therefore, in the incineration system 300 of this embodiment, it is possible to reduce the cost required to combust the sludge, for example, as in the case of the incineration system 200.

[0080] [Incineration system 400 according to the fourth embodiment] Next, an incineration system 400 in the fourth embodiment will be described. Figure 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the incineration system 400 in the fourth embodiment. Below, differences from the incineration system 100 in the first embodiment will be described.

[0081] 10, unlike the incineration system 100, the incineration system 400 further includes, for example, a line L71. The line L71 is, for example, a pipe connecting the lines L23a and L23b. The control device 10 controls the exhaust gas G2 so that at least a portion of the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the turbine 6b via the line L23a is not supplied to the heat exchanger 8, for example, by performing at least one of opening and closing control of a valve V21 provided in the line L71 and opening and closing control of a valve V22 provided in the line L23a downstream of the branch point with the line L71.

[0082] That is, the properties of the sludge (dewatered sludge) input into the dryer 30 change depending on, for example, the season and the operating conditions of the sludge treatment or water treatment. In the dryer 30, the amount of thermal energy required to dry the sludge changes depending on, for example, the properties of the sludge input. Specifically, in the dryer 30, for example, the higher the moisture content of the sludge, the greater the amount of thermal energy required to dry the sludge. In addition, in the dryer 30, for example, the lower the moisture content of the sludge, the less the amount of thermal energy required to dry the sludge.

[0083] Therefore, the control device 10 in this embodiment controls the amount of thermal energy supplied from the heat exchanger 8 to the dryer 30 via a fluid by performing at least one of opening and closing control of the valve V21 and opening and closing control of the valve V22, depending on the properties of the sludge (dewatered sludge) fed into the dryer 30 (for example, the moisture content of the sludge fed into the dryer 30).

[0084] Specifically, for example, when the moisture content of the sludge fed into the dryer 30 (for example, the moisture content of the sludge measured by a moisture content meter (not shown)) is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value (hereinafter also referred to as a first threshold value), the control device 10 may perform control so that the opening of the valve V21 is decreased or the opening of the valve V22 is increased. Furthermore, for example, when the moisture content of the sludge fed into the dryer 30 is less than a threshold value (hereinafter referred to as a second threshold value) that is equal to or less than the first threshold value, the control device 10 may perform control so that the opening of the valve V21 is increased or the opening of the valve V22 is decreased.

[0085] Thus, in the incineration system 400 of this embodiment, the supply unit 20 can, for example, supply at least a portion of the compressed gas supplied from the turbine 6b to the chimney 5, bypassing the heat exchanger 8. In the incineration system 400 of this embodiment, the control device 10 controls the supply unit 20 in accordance with the properties of the sludge, for example, to supply at least a portion of the compressed gas supplied from the turbine 6b to the chimney 5, bypassing the heat exchanger 8.

[0086] As a result, in the incineration system 400 of this embodiment, it is possible to adjust the amount of thermal energy supplied from the heat exchanger 8 to the dryer 30 via a fluid, for example, depending on the properties of the sludge (dewatered sludge) fed into the dryer 30. Therefore, in the incineration system 400 of this embodiment, it is possible to prevent, for example, sludge whose moisture content has not been sufficiently reduced from being fed into the incinerator 1, and to prevent the sludge from being over-dried in the dryer 30.

[0087] In addition, the control device 10 in this embodiment may adjust the amount of thermal energy supplied from the heat exchanger 8 to the dryer 30 via a fluid by performing at least one of opening and closing control of the valve V21 and opening and closing control of the valve V22, depending on the properties of the sludge (dried sludge) after drying in the dryer 30 (for example, the moisture content of the sludge after drying in the dryer 30). [Explanation of symbols]

[0088] 1: Incinerator 1a: Fluidized bed 2: Heat exchanger 3: Dust collector 4: Smoke washing tower 5: Chimney 6: Turbocharger 6a: Compressor 6b: Turbine 6c: Rotating shaft 7: Heat exchanger 7a: Heat exchanger 7b: Heat exchanger 8: Heat exchanger 10: Control device 20: Supply unit 30: Dryer 100: Incineration system 200: Incineration system 300: Incineration system 400: Incineration system B1: Blower B2: Blower L1: Line L2: Line L3: Line L4a: Line L4b: Line L11: Line L12: Line L21: Line L22: Line L23a: Line L23b: Line L24: Line L25: Line L26: Line L31: Line L32a: Bypass L32b: Bypass L41: Line L51: Line L61: Line L71: Line M: Thermometer V1: Valve V11: Valve V12: Valve V13: Valve V14: Valve V21: Valve V22: Valve

Claims

1. a dryer for drying the object to be treated; an incinerator for incinerating the material dried by the dryer; a turbocharger having a compressor that generates compressed gas by inducing and compressing the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator and a turbine that drives the compressor; a first heat exchanger that heats the compressed gas supplied from the compressor by at least a portion of the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator; a second heat exchanger that uses the compressed gas discharged from the turbine to heat a fluid circulating between the second heat exchanger and the dryer; a supply unit that supplies the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator to the first heat exchanger, supplies the exhaust gas supplied from the first heat exchanger to the compressor, supplies the compressed gas supplied from the compressor to the first heat exchanger, supplies the compressed gas supplied from the first heat exchanger to the turbine, and supplies the compressed gas supplied from the turbine to the second heat exchanger, The dryer dries the object to be treated using thermal energy of the fluid.

2. the supply unit is capable of supplying at least a portion of the compressed gas supplied from the compressor to the turbine, bypassing the first heat exchanger; and 2. The incineration system of claim 1, further comprising a control device that controls the supply unit to cause at least a portion of the compressed gas supplied from the compressor to bypass the first heat exchanger and be supplied to the turbine.

3. Further, a third heat exchanger is provided which heats the compressed gas supplied from the first heat exchanger by at least a part of the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator, the supply unit is capable of supplying the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator to the third heat exchanger, capable of supplying the exhaust gas supplied from the third heat exchanger to the first heat exchanger, capable of supplying the compressed gas supplied from the compressor or the first heat exchanger to the third heat exchanger, capable of supplying the compressed gas supplied from the third heat exchanger to the turbine, and capable of supplying at least a portion of the compressed gas supplied from the compressor or the first heat exchanger to the turbine, bypassing the third heat exchanger; 3. The incineration system of claim 2, wherein the control device controls the supply unit to cause at least a portion of the compressed gas supplied from the compressor or the first heat exchanger to bypass the third heat exchanger and be supplied to the turbine.

4. The exhaust gas treatment system further includes a dust collector that collects particles contained in the exhaust gas supplied from the third heat exchanger, The incineration system described in claim 3, wherein the supply unit is capable of supplying the exhaust gas supplied from the third heat exchanger to the dust collector and the exhaust gas supplied from the dust collector to the first heat exchanger.

5. The supply unit is capable of supplying at least a portion of the compressed gas supplied from the turbine to a chimney, bypassing the second heat exchanger; and The incineration system described in claim 2, wherein the control device controls the supply unit according to the properties of the material to be treated, thereby causing at least a portion of the compressed gas supplied from the turbine to bypass the second heat exchanger and be supplied to the chimney.

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