Lifting apparatus and lifting method

Abstract

To safely and easily lift an object to be lifted even when the height of a machine room is low and a sufficient hanging margin cannot be secured.SOLUTION: A lifting device includes a movable body arranged on a beam of a portal structure and movable in a horizontal direction, a rope traction machine fixed to or suspended from the movable body, and a support body for supporting a place lower than the center of gravity of an object to be lifted. The rope traction machine raises the support body and the object to be lifted by pulling one end of a rope in a state where the rope is passed through a part of the support body and the other end of the rope is fixed to the movable body.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] FIELD OF THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention relate to a lifting device and a lifting method. [Background technology]

[0002] For example, when a lifting object, such as a hoist used in an elevator, is fixed to a machine beam in a machine room, the lifting jig is often attached to the top of the object. In this case, if the machine room is low, it can be difficult to ensure sufficient hanging space, including the height of the lifting jig such as a chain block, making the lifting operation difficult. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 6605411 [Patent Document 2] International Publication No. 2019 / 069455 [Patent Document 3] International Publication No. 2019 / 073585 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] When it is difficult to secure sufficient hanging space, various methods have been tried, such as installing additional ceiling hanging fixtures or installing a shortened gate-type structure, but these methods make it difficult to lift smoothly, require time-consuming consideration each time, and make it difficult to ensure safety.

[0005] The problem that the invention aims to solve is to provide a lifting device and a lifting method that can safely and easily lift an object to be lifted even when the height of the machine room is low and sufficient hanging space cannot be secured. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The lifting device of the present embodiment includes a movable body that is arranged on a beam of a portal structure and is capable of moving horizontally, a rope pulling machine that is fixed to or suspended from the movable body, and a support that supports a portion of an object to be lifted below the center of gravity. The rope pulling machine raises the support and the object to be lifted by pulling the other end of the rope, with a rope passed through a portion of the support and one end of the rope fixed to the movable body. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0007] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of the configuration of each part in the machine room of an elevator when lifting an object to be lifted using a lifting device according to an embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a part of the structure of FIG. 1 when viewed from a different direction. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the cross-sectional shape of the support member 11. As shown in FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing a modified example of the configuration of FIG. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a part of the structure of FIG. 4 when viewed from a different direction. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing an example in which a tip-over prevention member 14 is attached to the second member 22 as a modification of FIG. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram showing an example in which a tip-over prevention member 14 is attached to the second member 22 as a modified example of FIG. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an example of a processing procedure of the lifting method according to the embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0008] Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0009] <Configuration> Fig. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of the configuration of each part in an elevator machine room when lifting an object to be lifted using a lifting device according to an embodiment. Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing part of the structure of Fig. 1 when viewed from a different direction. In Fig. 2, some components are represented by dashed lines instead of solid lines so that the main elements can be more easily seen.

[0010] 1 and 2, in order to make the configuration easier to understand, some of the dimensions of the parts shown in the drawings are made larger or smaller than their actual sizes, or their positions are shifted, so the size relationships and positions of the parts shown in the drawings may differ from the actual sizes.

[0011] In this embodiment, the lifting object is described as a hoist. However, the lifting object is not limited to this example and can be changed as appropriate. For example, in addition to the hoist itself, parts attached to the hoist (such as sheaves and shafts) can also be the lifting object.

[0012] Furthermore, in this embodiment, an example of installing a new hoist is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this and can also be applied to replacing a hoist (renewal, repair work, etc.).

[0013] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a machine room 1 is provided above the elevator hoistway. A machine beam 3 for fixing a cylindrical hoisting machine M is installed on a floor 2 of the machine room 1. When lifting the hoisting machine M, a portal structure 4 is installed on the floor 2 of the machine room 1. The portal structure 4 has two parallel-arranged long beams 4a, two parallel-arranged short beams 4b, and four columns 4c.

[0014] Compared to the height of the machine beam 3 and the height of the hoisting machine M, the height from the floor 2 to the ceiling 5 of the machine room 1 is considerably low, and there is no hanging space above the top of the hoisting machine M, including the height of lifting jigs, etc. Some ingenuity is required to transport the hoisting machine M from any location on the floor 2 to the top of the machine beam 3 by lifting work.

[0015] Hereinafter, in the elevator of this embodiment, the thickness direction of the hoisting machine M is defined as the x-axis direction, the horizontal direction and the direction perpendicular to the x-axis direction is defined as the y-axis direction, and the height direction of the elevator shaft is defined as the z-axis direction.

[0016] 1, the symbol P1 indicates the position where the hoisting machine M is first introduced into the machine room before lifting the hoisting machine M. The symbol P2 indicates the position where the hoisting machine M is lifted from the position of the symbol P1 in the direction of the symbol T1 (z-axis direction) using a lifting device described later.

[0017] The position of the hoisting machine M shown in Fig. 1 represents the position when the hoisting machine M is moved horizontally from the position indicated by symbol P2 in the direction indicated by symbol T2 (y-axis direction) using a lifting device, and also moved horizontally in the x-axis direction as necessary, so that the hoisting machine M is positioned above the machine beam 3. At this time, it is sufficient for there to be a small gap G between the top of the hoisting machine M and the ceiling 5 of the machine room 1. Even if an attempt was made to lift the hoisting machine M with a lifting jig using conventional technology, this narrow gap G would not allow for a sufficient lifting allowance, including the height of the jig, and the hoisting machine M would not be able to be lifted.

[0018] After this, the hoisting machine M is lowered onto the machine beam 3 using a lifting device and fixed in place.

[0019] The lifting device according to this embodiment mainly comprises a support body 10, a movable body 20, and a rope pulling machine 30. In addition, it also comprises a collapse prevention member 13, a lifting adjustment device F1, a hanging member F2, sheaves K1, K2, K3, K4, a rope (such as a chain or belt) C, and the like.

[0020] There are two rope pulling machines 30, one installed on the front side of the hoisting machine M shown in Figure 1, and the other installed in the same way on the back side (not shown) of the hoisting machine M. There are also two of each of the anti-collapse member 13, lifting adjustment device F1, hoisting member F2, sheaves K1, K2, K3, K4, and ropes (chains, belts, etc.) C.

[0021] The two ropes C are respectively hung on sheaves K1, K2, K3, and K4, and are used with one end of the rope C attached to the hanging member F2 and the other end fixed to a predetermined part (such as a hook) on the rope pulling machine 30 side. In addition to a wire rope, a belt band or a chain may also be used as the rope C. In this case, at least a part of the sheaves K1, K2, K3, and K4 may be replaced with a tubular member (such as a pipe) through which the belt band or chain passes.

[0022] The support body 10 is a jig that is shaped like a frame that surrounds the underside of the hoisting machine M so that the hoisting machine M can be lifted stably, and supports a portion of the hoisting machine M below its center of gravity. The support body 10 includes four support members (attachments) 11 that are attached to four portions of the hoisting machine M that are below its center of gravity, and four connecting members (long-shaft bolts, etc.) 12 that connect these four support members 11. Furthermore, a sheave K3 or K4 is attached to each support member 11.

[0023] Fig. 3 shows an example of the cross-sectional shape of the support member 11. As shown in Fig. 3, a certain support member 11 holds the sheave K4 via the shaft (not shown) of the sheave K4, and also holds the hoisting machine M via a buffer material (such as rubber) 16 that fits to the surface shape of the hoisting machine M.

[0024] The support body 10 further includes two anti-tip members 13 that prevent the hoisting machine M from tipping over. The two anti-tip members 13 are each installed on a side where the hoisting machine M is more likely to tip over. That is, one of the two anti-tip members 13 is installed on the front side of the hoisting machine M shown in FIG. 1, and the other is installed on the rear side (not shown) of the hoisting machine M. Each anti-tip member 13 is attached to the connecting member 12 closest to the anti-tip member 13, for example, as shown in FIG. 1. In this case, each anti-tip member 13 is installed so as to extend from the connecting member 12 toward the center of the height width and the center of the width of the hoisting machine M. Each anti-tip member 13 may also be attached to the two support members 11 closest to the anti-tip member 13. In this case, the anti-tip member 13 is installed so as to extend from the connecting member 12 toward the center of the height width and the center of the width of the hoisting machine M.

[0025] Movable body 20 is a device that is disposed on two beams 4a of portal structure 4 and is capable of moving in the horizontal direction. Specifically, movable body 20 includes two first members (spacers) 21 disposed in parallel and capable of sliding relative to portal structure 4 in a first direction (y-axis direction) or the opposite direction, and two second members (adapters) 22 disposed in parallel and capable of sliding relative to the two first members 21 in a second direction (x-axis direction) perpendicular to the first direction (y-axis direction) or the opposite direction.

[0026] To enable the first member 21 to move smoothly along the longitudinal direction of the beam 4a (the y-axis direction or the opposite direction), for example, wheels and tires (not shown) may be provided on the first member 21 side. Furthermore, to prevent the wheels and tires from coming off the beam 4a side, grooves or rails extending in the longitudinal direction may be provided. Furthermore, instead of wheels and tires, a member made of a material that ensures smooth sliding may be provided on at least one of the first member 21 and the beam 4a. Furthermore, to enable the positioning of the first member 21 relative to the beam 4a, multiple holes may be provided on the beam 4a side, and multiple plungers that enter and exit the holes may be provided on the first member 21 side.

[0027] The same applies to the relationship between the first member 21 and the second member 22. For example, the second member 22 may be provided with wheels and tires (not shown) to enable the second member 22 to move smoothly along the longitudinal direction of the first member 21 (the x-axis direction or the opposite direction). Furthermore, the first member 21 may be provided with grooves or rails extending in the longitudinal direction to prevent the wheels and tires from coming off. Instead of wheels and tires, a member made of a material that ensures smooth sliding may be provided on at least one of the second member 22 and the first member 21. Furthermore, the first member 21 may be provided with multiple holes, and the second member 22 may be provided with multiple plungers that move in and out of the holes, so that the second member 22 can be positioned relative to the beam 4a.

[0028] 2, the distance between the two second members 22 is wider than the distance between the two support members 11 below them, but this is not limited to this example. By narrowing the distance between the second members 22 and adjusting the ropes C fixed to the two hanging members F2 so that they are oriented vertically, it is possible to further strengthen the prevention of the hoisting machine M from tipping over during lifting operations and to perform lifting operations more safely.

[0029] A lifting adjustment device F1, a lifting member F2, and a rope pulling machine 30 are fixed to the underside of each second member 22. These are provided on the front side of the hoisting machine M shown in FIG. 1, and similarly on the rear side of the hoisting machine M. Each lifting adjustment device F1 and each rope pulling machine 30 are installed on the underside of each second member 22 near the end in the y-axis direction. Meanwhile, each lifting member F2 is installed on the underside of each second member 22 near the end in the direction opposite to the y-axis direction. Each rope pulling machine 30 may be suspended using a hook or the like instead of being fixed to the underside of each second member 22. Each lifting adjustment device F1 has sheaves K1 and K2 around which a rope C is hung, contributing to the adjustment of the hanging position of the rope C. Each lifting member F2 secures one end of the rope C hung on the sheaves K1, K2, K3, and K4. Each rope puller 30 can pull the other end of the rope C, stop the pulling action, or release the pull.

[0030] When lifting the hoisting machine M from the floor surface 2, each rope pulling machine 30 raises the support body 10 and the hoisting machine M by pulling the other end of the rope C, with the rope C passed through two support members 11 of the support body 10 that supports the hoisting machine M and one end of the rope C fixed to the movable body 20. In particular, each rope pulling machine 30 raises the support body 10 and the hoisting machine M to a position where the top of the hoisting machine M is higher than the beams 4a, 4b of the portal structure 4.

[0031] In this embodiment, each rope pulling machine 30 is a chain block. The chain block may be either an electric or manual type. Note that each rope pulling machine 30 is not limited to being a chain block, and may also be, for example, a hoist-type driving device.

[0032] In the example of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, "2:1 roping" is adopted as the roping method for the rope C. In this case, if the speed at which the rope pulling machine 30 pulls the rope C is 2, the speed at which the hoisting machine M rises is 1. The rope C pulled by the rope pulling machine 30 is arranged so that it passes through sheaves K1 and K2 provided in the lifting adjustment device F1 on the front side of the hoisting machine M shown in Fig. 1, passes through sheaves K3 and K4 provided in the support member 11 of the support body 10, and finally reaches the hoisting member F2, which is the hoisting origin. Such an arrangement is also performed on the far side of the hoisting machine M shown in Fig. 1. In other words, two ropes C are used.

[0033] By configuring in this manner, the hoisting machine M can be lifted safely and easily even if the height of the machine room is low.

[0034] Up to this point, we have shown an example of using "2:1 roping" as the roping method, but it is also possible to use "4:1 roping" instead. Below, we will show an example of using "4:1 roping".

[0035] <Modifications regarding roping> Next, a modified example of the configuration shown in Figures 1 and 2 will be described with reference to Figures 4 and 5. Here, a description of elements common to Figures 1 and 2 will be omitted, and the description will focus on the differences.

[0036] Fig. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing a modified example of the configuration of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing a part of the structure of Fig. 4 when viewed from a different direction.

[0037] The configurations of FIGS. 4 and 5 differ from the configurations of FIGS. 1 and 2 in the roping of the rope C and the configuration and arrangement of each member related to the roping.

[0038] For example, in the configurations of FIGS. 1 and 2, two ropes C are used, but in the configurations of FIGS. 4 and 5, one rope C is used.

[0039] 4 and 5, a lifting adjustment device F1 and a rope pulling machine 30 are fixed to the underside of each second member 22, but these are provided only on the front side of the hoisting machine M shown in FIG. 4. They are not provided on the rear side of the hoisting machine M.

[0040] In addition, in the configurations of Figures 1 and 2, a hanging member F2 was installed on the underside near the end of each second member 22 in the direction opposite to the y-axis direction, but in the configurations of Figures 4 and 5, a hanging member (bracket) F4 equipped with a sheave K5 is installed instead.

[0041] 1 and 2, the member from which the rope C is suspended is the suspension member F2, but in the configurations of Figures 4 and 5, the member from which the rope C is suspended is the suspension member F3. The position of the suspension member F3 is not on the front side of the hoisting machine M shown in Figure 4, but on the back side of the hoisting machine M.

[0042] 4 and 5, a "4:1 roping" is adopted as the roping method for the rope C. In this case, if the speed at which the rope pulling machine 30 pulls the rope C is 4, the speed at which the hoisting machine M rises is 1. The rope C pulled by the rope pulling machine 30 passes through sheaves K1 and K2 provided in the lifting adjustment device F1 on the front side of the hoisting machine M shown in FIG. 4, passes through sheaves K3 and K4 provided in the support member 11 of the support body 10, passes through sheave K5 provided in the hoisting member F4, proceeds from the front side of the hoisting machine M shown in FIG. 4 to the back side of the hoisting machine M, passes through sheave K5 provided in the other hoisting member F4, further passes through the other sheaves K4 and K3, and finally reaches the hoisting member F3 that is the hoisting origin.

[0043] By adopting the "4:1 roping" method in this way, the number of equipment and parts required for lifting can be reduced, and the lifting machine M can be safely and easily performed even if the height of the machine room is low.

[0044] <Modifications regarding the arrangement of fall prevention members> In the above description, an example was shown in which each anti-fall member 13 is attached to the connecting member 12, but each anti-fall member may be attached to the second member 22 instead.

[0045] Fig. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a modification of Fig. 1 in which a tip-prevention member 14 is attached to a second member 22. Fig. 7 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a modification of Fig. 4 in which a tip-prevention member 14 is attached to a second member 22.

[0046] In both the cases of Figures 6 and 7, two anti-tip members 14 are used. One of the two anti-tip members 14 is installed on the second member 22 on the front side of the hoisting machine M, and the other is installed on the second member 22 on the back side of the hoisting machine M. Each anti-tip member 14 is attached to the side of the second member 22 (the side closer to the hoisting machine M). In this case, each anti-tip member 14 is installed so as to extend toward the center of the height width and the center of the width width of the hoisting machine M.

[0047] In this way, even when the fall prevention member 13 is attached to the connecting member 12, the hoisting machine M can be prevented from falling when the hoisting machine M is being lifted.

[0048] <Example of operation> Next, an example of the processing procedure of the lifting method according to the embodiment will be described with reference to the flowchart in Figure 8. However, the flowchart shown here is only an example, and the present invention is not limited to this example and can be modified as appropriate. For example, the processing of steps S1 and S2 may be performed simultaneously instead of in this order.

[0049] First, the portal structure 4 is installed in the machine room 1 (step S1), and the movable body 20 is attached to the beam 4a of the portal structure 4 (step S2). In addition to the rope pulling machine 30, a lifting adjustment device F1, a lifting member, etc. are attached to the underside of the member 22 of the movable body 20.

[0050] Next, the hoisting machine M is introduced onto the floor surface 2 of the machine room 1 (step S3), and the support members 11 of the support body 10 are attached to four locations on the hoisting machine M below the center of gravity of the hoisting machine M (step S4).

[0051] Next, the rope C is passed through each sheave provided on the support member 11 of the support body 10 and various other sheaves, one end of the rope C is fixed to the hanging member from which it will be hung, and the other end of the rope C is fixed to a predetermined part (such as a hook) of the rope pulling machine 30.The rope C is then pulled by the rope pulling machine 30, thereby raising the support body 10 and the hoisting machine M to a predetermined height (step S5).

[0052] Next, by moving the movable body 20, the hoisting machine M is moved horizontally in the direction of symbol T2 (y-axis direction), and if necessary, also in the x-axis direction, to move the hoisting machine M to a specified position (a position corresponding to above the machine beam 3) (step S6).

[0053] Finally, the hoisting machine M is lowered onto the machine beam 3 and fixed in place (step S7).

[0054] As described above in detail, according to the embodiment, even if the height of the machine room is low and a sufficient hanging margin cannot be secured, the hoisting machine M can be lifted safely and easily.

[0055] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described, the above embodiments are presented as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These novel embodiments can be embodied in various other forms, and various omissions, substitutions, and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. These embodiments and their modifications are included within the scope and spirit of the invention, and are also included in the inventions and their equivalents as defined in the claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0056] 1...machine room, 2...floor, 3...machine beam, 4...portal structure, 4a, 4b...beam, 4c...column, 5...ceiling, 10...support, 11...support member (attachment), 12...connecting member, 13, 14...anti-collapse member, 16...buffer material, 20...movable body, 21...first member (spacer), 22...second member (adapter), 30...rope traction machine, F1...lifting adjustment device, F2, F3, F4...lifting member, G...gap, K1, K2, K3, K4, K5...sheave, M...hoisting machine.

Claims

1. a movable body that is disposed on the beam of the portal structure and is capable of moving horizontally; A rope pulling machine fixed to or suspended from the movable body; A support body that supports a portion below the center of gravity of the object to be lifted; Equipped with The rope pulling machine is A rope is passed through a part of the support body and one end of the rope is fixed to the movable body, and the other end of the rope is pulled to raise the support body and the object to be lifted. Lifting equipment.

2. The support is Four support members attached to four locations below the center of gravity of the object to be lifted; four connecting members that connect the four support members; 2. The lifting device of claim 1, comprising:

3. The movable body is a first member consisting of two members that can move in a first direction or an opposite direction relative to the portal structure; a second member made up of two members that can move relative to the first member made up of two members in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction or in the opposite direction; 2. The lifting device of claim 1, comprising:

4. The rope pulling machine is Raising the support and the object to be lifted to a position where the top of the object to be lifted is higher than the beam of the portal structure; The lifting device according to claim 1.

5. The lifting device further includes a fall prevention member provided on the support and extending toward the center of the height and width of the object to be lifted to prevent the object from falling. A lifting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. The movable body further includes a fall prevention member extending toward the center of the height and width of the object to be lifted to prevent the object from falling. A lifting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

7. The rope pulling machine is a chain block. A lifting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

8. The rope pulling machine is a drum type drive device, A lifting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

9. The object to be lifted is a hoist. A lifting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

10. A step of attaching a movable body that can move horizontally to a beam of the portal structure and fixing or hanging at least a rope pulling machine to the movable body; a step of attaching a support to the object to be lifted, the support supporting a portion of the object to be lifted that is below the center of gravity of the object; a step of passing a rope through a portion of the support body and pulling the other end of the rope while fixing one end of the rope to the movable body, thereby lifting the support body and the object to be lifted; A lifting method including:

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