Opening structure and building

Abstract

To provide an opening structure including a frame body capable of suppressing deformation of a vertical frame following a structural skeleton when the structural skeleton is deformed, and a building.SOLUTION: An opening structure according to the present invention includes a structural body of a building, the structural body defining an opening, a frame body disposed in the opening, and a fitting attached to the frame body and capable of opening and closing the opening, in which the frame body includes vertical frames on both sides extending in a vertical direction, and an upper horizontal frame and a lower horizontal frame extending in a horizontal direction and connecting the vertical frames on both sides, the vertical frames on both sides are not fixed to the structural body, and the upper horizontal frame and the lower horizontal frame are fixed to the structural body.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an opening structure and a building. [Background technology]

[0002] A conventional structure has been known in which a frame is placed in an opening defined in a structural skeleton and a fixture is attached to the frame. Patent Document 1 describes a fixture frame as this type of frame.

[0003] The fitting frame described in Patent Document 1 has left and right vertical frames, an upper frame, and a lower frame, which are each separately fixed to the skeleton of a building as a structural skeleton. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2023-059373 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] In the fitting frame serving as a frame described in Patent Document 1, the left vertical frame, right vertical frame, upper frame, and lower frame are each fixed to the skeleton of the building serving as the structural skeleton. When the part of the skeleton to which the upper frame is fixed is displaced horizontally relative to the part of the skeleton to which the lower frame is fixed, such as when the building is displaced between stories during an earthquake, the left and right vertical frames are likely to deform and follow the skeleton, which can easily cause damage.

[0006] The present invention aims to provide an opening structure and a building that are equipped with a frame body that can prevent the vertical frame from deforming in accordance with the structural body when the structural body deforms. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The opening structure according to a first aspect of the present invention comprises: (1) The building's structural frame that defines the opening, a frame body disposed in the opening; a fitting attached to the frame body and capable of opening and closing the opening, The frame body is Vertical frames on both sides extending vertically; An upper horizontal frame and a lower horizontal frame extending horizontally and connecting the vertical frames on both sides, The vertical frames on both sides are not fixed to the structural body, and the upper and lower horizontal frames are fixed to the structural body, creating an opening structure.

[0008] The opening structure according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: (2) The opening structure is described in (1) above, in which each of the vertical frames on both sides extends in the vertical direction and has an endless portion that defines a hollow portion inside when viewed in a cross section perpendicular to the vertical direction.

[0009] The opening structure according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: (3) Each of the vertical frames on both sides is the opening structure described in (2) above, which includes hollow material.

[0010] The opening structure according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: (4) The opening structure is described in (1) or (2) above, in which each of the vertical frames on both sides comprises a plate-shaped frame material and a reinforcing material attached to the plate-shaped frame material.

[0011] The opening structure according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: (5) The structural body is an upper horizontal frame member disposed adjacent to the upper horizontal frame and fixed to the upper horizontal frame; An opening structure according to any one of (1) to (4) above, comprising a lower horizontal frame fixing portion arranged adjacent to the lower horizontal frame and fixed to the lower horizontal frame.

[0012] The opening structure according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: (6) The structural body is a first vertical frame member and a first wall panel member that are arranged adjacent to a first vertical frame, which is one of the vertical frames on both sides, and are directly or indirectly attached to the upper horizontal frame member and the lower horizontal frame fixing portion, and to which the first vertical frame is not fixed; An opening structure as described in (5) above, comprising a second vertical frame member and a second wall panel member that are arranged adjacent to the other of the two vertical frames, and are directly or indirectly attached to the upper horizontal frame member and the lower horizontal frame fixing portion, and to which the second vertical frame is not fixed.

[0013] The opening structure according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: (7) The structural body does not include vertical frame members attached directly or indirectly to the upper horizontal frame member and the lower horizontal frame fixing portion at positions adjacent to the vertical frames on both sides, The structural body is A first wall panel member that is arranged adjacent to a first vertical frame, which is one of the vertical frames on both sides, and is directly or indirectly attached to the upper horizontal frame member and the lower horizontal frame fixing portion, and to which the first vertical frame is not fixed; An opening structure as described in (5) above, comprising a second wall panel member that is arranged adjacent to the second vertical frame, which is the other of the two vertical frames on both sides, and is directly or indirectly attached to the upper horizontal frame member and the lower horizontal frame fixing portion, and to which the second vertical frame is not fixed.

[0014] A building according to a second aspect of the present invention comprises: (8) A building equipped with an opening structure according to any one of (1) to (7) above.

[0015] A building according to a third aspect of the present invention comprises: (9) A structural frame that defines the opening; a frame body disposed in the opening; a fitting attached to the frame body and capable of opening and closing the opening, The frame body is Vertical frames on both sides extending vertically; An upper horizontal frame and a lower horizontal frame extending horizontally and connecting the vertical frames on both sides, The vertical frames on both sides are not fixed to the structural body, and the upper horizontal frame and the lower horizontal frame are fixed to the structural body, The structural body is a first wall panel member disposed adjacent to the first vertical frame, which is one of the vertical frames on both sides; and a second wall panel member arranged adjacent to the other of the two vertical frames. [Effects of the Invention]

[0016] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an opening structure and a building that are provided with a frame body that can prevent the vertical frame from deforming in accordance with the structural body when the structural body deforms. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0017] [Figure 1] 1 is a front view of an opening structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II in FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a front view of an aperture structure as a modified example of the aperture structure shown in FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0018] Hereinafter, an embodiment of an opening structure and a building according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In each drawing, the same components are designated by the same reference numerals.

[0019] Fig. 1 is a diagram showing an opening structure 100 as one embodiment of the opening structure according to the present invention. As shown in Fig. 1, the opening structure 100 comprises a structural body 1 of a building 200, a frame body 2, and a fitting 3. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in Fig. 1.

[0020] First, an overview of the building 200 of this embodiment will be described. The building 200 may be, for example, a two-story detached house with a steel frame. The building 200 of this embodiment includes a foundation structure and a superstructure as a structural frame 1. The foundation structure may be, for example, a reinforced concrete continuous footing supported on the ground. The superstructure is supported by the foundation structure and has a framework composed of framework members, such as vertical frame members 30 (see FIG. 2) such as pillars and studs, and horizontal frame members 40 (see FIG. 3) such as beams, lintels, and window sills. The framework members that make up the framework may be standardized members that are manufactured in a factory and then transported to a construction site and assembled. However, the building 200 may also be a wooden house constructed using a so-called conventional construction method. The building 200 is not limited to being two-story, and may have one or three or more floors. Furthermore, the building 200 is not limited to a detached house, but may be, for example, an apartment building.

[0021] The upper structure of the building 200 of this embodiment includes a framework made up of a plurality of vertical frame members 30 and a plurality of horizontal frame members 40 erected between these vertical frame members 30, walls 201 attached to this framework, a floor supported by the horizontal frame members 40 of the framework, and a roof covering the upper part of the framework. In other words, the structural body 1 of the building 200 of this embodiment includes the framework, walls 201, floor, and roof of the above-mentioned upper structure.

[0022] The wall section 201 is arranged on the outer periphery of the frame and includes an exterior wall 202 that separates the outdoor space and the indoor space of the building 200, and a partition wall that is arranged inside the frame and separates the indoor spaces of the building 200. Fig. 1 shows an opening structure 100 formed at the position of the exterior wall 202 of the wall section 201. Fig. 1 is a front view of the opening structure 100 as seen from the outdoor side.

[0023] As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the outdoor surface of the exterior wall 202 is made up of exterior wall panels that serve as connected wall panel members 203. Also, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, a heat insulating material 204 and an interior material 205 that form a heat insulating layer are arranged on the indoor side of the wall panel member 203 of the exterior wall 202. The interior material 205 of this embodiment includes an interior wall material 205a that covers the indoor side of the heat insulating material 204 in the thickness direction of the exterior wall 202, and an interior frame material 205b that covers the opening 1a side of the frame 2 in the visible width direction of the heat insulating material 204.

[0024] The exterior wall panel serving as the wall panel member 203 can be, for example, a lightweight aerated concrete (hereinafter referred to as "ALC." "ALC" is an abbreviation for "autoclaved lightweight concrete") panel, metal or ceramic siding, extruded cement board, wood panel, etc. By connecting the exterior wall panel serving as the wall panel member 203 around the outer periphery of the frame, the outer skin layer of the exterior wall 202 can be formed.

[0025] The insulating material 204 may be, for example, a panel-shaped insulating material made of a foamed resin material such as phenolic foam, polystyrene foam, or urethane foam, or a fibrous insulating material such as rock wool. By arranging the insulating material 204 on the indoor side of the wall panel member 203 along the inner surface of the wall panel member 203, an insulating layer can be formed in the exterior wall 202. For example, gypsum board can be used as the interior wall material 205a of the interior material 205, and an inner skin layer can be formed by connecting the interior wall material 205a to the indoor side of the outer periphery of the frame. For example, a wooden frame can be used as the interior frame material 205b of the interior material 205, and by connecting the interior wall material 205a to the interior wall material 205a, an inner skin layer can be formed together with the interior wall material 205a.

[0026] The floor may include, for example, a floor slab material. The floor slab material is installed between beams serving as horizontal frame members 40 of the frame, and is supported directly or indirectly by the beams. For example, ALC panels can be used as the floor slab material, but other materials such as folded plates, extruded cement boards, and wood panel materials may also be used. The floor may also be a dirt floor.

[0027] The roof may be, for example, a flat roof. The roof floor slab material constituting the flat roof may be, but is not limited to, ALC panels. Furthermore, the roof is not limited to a flat roof, and may be a sloped roof using roof exterior materials such as slate.

[0028] Next, we will explain in detail the opening structure 100. As described above, the opening structure 100 comprises the structural body 1 of the building 200, the frame body 2, and the fittings 3.

[0029] The structural body 1 of the building 200 defines an opening 1a. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the opening 1a in this embodiment is a doorway formed in an exterior wall 202. However, the opening 1a may also be, for example, a window opening formed in the exterior wall 202. The opening 1a may also be, for example, a doorway formed in a partition wall inside the building 200.

[0030] As shown in Fig. 1, an entranceway serving as the opening 1a in this embodiment is defined by vertical frame members 30, horizontal frame members 40, and an exterior wall 202 of the structural body 1. The vertical frame members 30 and horizontal frame members 40 that define the entranceway serving as the opening 1a in this embodiment are an upper horizontal frame member 40a and a lower horizontal frame member 40b that extend horizontally, and vertical frame members 30a and 30b on both sides that extend vertically and are attached to the upper horizontal frame member 40a and the lower horizontal frame member 40b. Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, in a front view of the opening structure 100 seen from the outdoors side (see Fig. 1), the vertical frame member 30a located on the left side will be referred to as the "first vertical frame member 30a," and the vertical frame member 30b located on the right side will be referred to as the "second vertical frame member 30b."

[0031] The first vertical frame member 30a and the second vertical frame member 30b may be, for example, pillars, studs, or the like fixed to the upper and lower beams of the floor where the opening 1a of the building 200 is located. The first vertical frame member 30a and the second vertical frame member 30b in this embodiment have the same cross-sectional shape. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2 , the first vertical frame member 30a and the second vertical frame member 30b in this embodiment are each made of angle iron. However, the first vertical frame member 30a and the second vertical frame member 30b are not limited to this configuration. The first vertical frame member 30a and the second vertical frame member 30b may each be made of other cross-sectional shapes, such as H-shaped steel, C-shaped steel, channel steel, or square steel. Furthermore, if the building 200 is made of wood, the first vertical frame member 30a and the second vertical frame member 30b may each be made of wooden pillars.

[0032] As shown in FIG. 3 , an exterior wall 202 is located above the opening 1a in this embodiment. Therefore, the upper horizontal frame member 40a in this embodiment is composed of a lintel fixed to the first vertical frame member 30a and the second vertical frame member 30b. However, if there is no exterior wall 202 above the opening 1a, the upper horizontal frame member 40a may be, for example, an upper beam of the floor on which the opening 1a of the building 200 is located. As shown in FIG. 3 , the upper horizontal frame member 40a in this embodiment is composed of an angle iron, but is not limited to this configuration. The upper horizontal frame member 40a may be composed of other cross-sectional shapes, such as an H-shaped steel, a C-shaped steel, a channel steel, or a square steel. Furthermore, if the building 200 is made of wood, the upper horizontal frame member 40a may be composed of a wooden beam.

[0033] The lower horizontal frame member 40b of this embodiment is formed by a lower beam of the floor where the opening 1a of the building 200 is located. The lower beam serving as the lower horizontal frame member 40b of this embodiment is fixed to the first vertical frame member 30a and the second vertical frame member 30b. However, if the opening 1a is a window opening, the lower horizontal frame member 40b may be, for example, a window sill fixed to the first vertical frame member 30a and the second vertical frame member 30b. Although the lower horizontal frame member 40b of this embodiment is formed by an H-shaped steel, this configuration is not limited thereto. The lower horizontal frame member 40b may also be formed by a configuration with other cross-sectional shapes, such as an angle steel, a C-shaped steel, a channel steel, or a square steel. Furthermore, if the building 200 is constructed of wood, the lower horizontal frame member 40b may be formed by a wooden beam.

[0034] The upper horizontal frame member 40a may be fixed to the first vertical frame member 30a and the second vertical frame member 30b using fastening members such as bolts or screws, or may be fixed by welding metal materials together. The lower horizontal frame member 40b may be fixed to the first vertical frame member 30a and the second vertical frame member 30b using fastening members such as bolts, or may be fixed by welding metal materials together.

[0035] In this way, the opening 1a of this embodiment is defined by the first vertical frame member 30a, the second vertical frame member 30b, the upper horizontal frame member 40a, and the lower horizontal frame member 40b in addition to the exterior wall 202, and therefore the strength around the opening 1a is increased compared to when the opening 1a is defined only by the exterior wall 202. However, in the opening structure according to the present invention, the first vertical frame member 30a and the second vertical frame member 30b may be omitted under certain conditions. This will be described in detail later (see FIG. 4).

[0036] As shown in Fig. 1, the frame body 2 is placed in the opening 1a. As shown in Figs. 1 to 3, the fitting 3 is attached to the frame body 2 and is configured to be able to open and close the opening 1a.

[0037] The frame body 2 includes vertically extending vertical frames 10a, 10b on both sides and horizontally extending upper and lower horizontal frames 20a, 20b. The upper and lower horizontal frames 20a, 20b connect the vertical frames 10a, 10b. More specifically, the upper horizontal frame 20a is fixed to the upper ends of the vertical frames 10a, 10b on both sides. The lower horizontal frame 20b is fixed to the lower ends of the vertical frames 10a, 10b on both sides. The vertical frames 10a, 10b, the upper horizontal frame 20a, and the lower horizontal frame 20b on both sides may each be made of a metal material such as aluminum. Alternatively, the vertical frames 10a, 10b, the upper horizontal frame 20a, and the lower horizontal frame 20b on both sides may each be made of both a metal material such as aluminum and a resin material. In this embodiment, the vertical frames 10a, 10b, the upper horizontal frame 20a, and the lower horizontal frame 20b on both sides are each configured to include both a metal material, such as aluminum, and a resin material. The upper horizontal frame 20a and each of the vertical frames 10a, 10b on both sides may be fixed to each other using fastening members, such as bolts and screws, or by welding metal materials together. Similarly, the lower horizontal frame 20b and each of the vertical frames 10a, 10b on both sides may be fixed to each other using fastening members, such as bolts and screws, or by welding metal materials together. Hereinafter, for ease of explanation, in a front view of the opening structure 100 viewed from the outdoor side (see FIG. 1 ), the vertical frame 10a located on the left side will be referred to as the “first vertical frame 10a,” and the other vertical frame 10b located on the right side will be referred to as the “second vertical frame 10b.”

[0038] Here, as shown in FIG. 3 , the upper horizontal frame 20a is fixed to the structural body 1. More specifically, the upper horizontal frame member 40a of the structural body 1 of this embodiment is disposed adjacent to the upper horizontal frame 20a and extends substantially parallel to the upper horizontal frame 20a. The upper horizontal frame 20a of this embodiment is fixed to the upper horizontal frame member 40a. Specifically, in this embodiment, the upper horizontal frame 20a and the upper horizontal frame member 40a are fixed by welding at welded portion X1. However, the upper horizontal frame 20a and the upper horizontal frame member 40a may also be fixed by fastening members such as bolts or screws.

[0039] The lower horizontal frame 20b is also fixed to the structural body 1, similar to the upper horizontal frame 20a shown in FIG. 3. More specifically, the lower horizontal frame member 40b of the structural body 1 of this embodiment is disposed adjacent to the lower horizontal frame 20b and extends substantially parallel to the lower horizontal frame 20b. The lower horizontal frame 20b of this embodiment is fixed to the lower horizontal frame member 40b. Specifically, in this embodiment, the lower horizontal frame 20b and the lower horizontal frame member 40b are fixed by welding. However, the lower horizontal frame 20b and the lower horizontal frame member 40b may also be fixed by fastening members such as bolts or screws.

[0040] Furthermore, although the lower horizontal frame 20b in this embodiment is fixed to the lower horizontal frame member 40b of the upper structure as the structural body 1, this configuration is not limited to this. The lower horizontal frame 20b may be fixed, for example, to the floor of the upper structure as the structural body 1. The lower horizontal frame 20b may also be fixed, for example, to the foundation structure as the structural body 1. Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, when there is no need to distinguish between the lower horizontal frame member 40b of the upper structure, the floor of the upper structure, and the foundation structure to which the lower horizontal frame 20b may be fixed, they will simply be referred to as the "lower horizontal frame fixing portion."

[0041] In this way, in the opening structure 100, the upper horizontal frame 20a and the lower horizontal frame 20b of the frame body 2 are fixed to the structural body 1.

[0042] In contrast, in the opening structure 100, the first vertical frame 10a and the second vertical frame 10b of the frame body 2 are not fixed to the structural skeleton 1. Therefore, even if inter-story displacement occurs in the building 200 during an earthquake, for example, and the structural skeleton 1 deforms, the first vertical frame 10a and the second vertical frame 10b can be prevented from deforming in accordance with the structural skeleton 1. In other words, damage to the first vertical frame 10a and the second vertical frame 10b can be prevented during an earthquake.

[0043] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the first vertical frame member 30a of the structural body 1 of this embodiment is disposed adjacent to the first vertical frame 10a and extends substantially parallel to the first vertical frame 10a. As shown in FIG. 1, the first vertical frame member 30a is directly attached to the upper horizontal frame member 40a and the lower horizontal frame member 40b. More specifically, as described above, the first vertical frame member 30a is fixed to the upper horizontal frame member 40a and the lower horizontal frame member 40b by fastening, welding, or the like. However, the first vertical frame 10a of this embodiment is not fixed to the first vertical frame member 30a. In other words, the first vertical frame 10a of this embodiment is not fixed to the first vertical frame member 30a by fastening members such as bolts or screws. Furthermore, the first vertical frame 10a of this embodiment is not fixed to the first vertical frame member 30a by welding. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the first vertical frame 10a is disposed at a distance from the first vertical frame member 30a. Therefore, even if inter-story displacement occurs in the building 200 and the first vertical frame member 30a deforms so as to tilt relative to the vertical direction, the first vertical frame 10a is prevented from deforming excessively in response to the deformation of the first vertical frame member 30a. As a result, damage to the first vertical frame 10a can be prevented.

[0044] The same applies to the second vertical frame 10b and the second vertical frame member 30b. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the second vertical frame member 30b of the structural body 1 of this embodiment is disposed adjacent to the second vertical frame 10b and extends substantially parallel to the second vertical frame 10b. And, as shown in FIG. 1, the second vertical frame member 30b is directly attached to the upper horizontal frame member 40a and the lower horizontal frame member 40b. More specifically, as described above, the second vertical frame member 30b is fixed to the upper horizontal frame member 40a and the lower horizontal frame member 40b by fastening, welding, or the like. However, the second vertical frame 10b of this embodiment is not fixed to the second vertical frame member 30b. That is, the second vertical frame 10b of this embodiment is not fixed to the second vertical frame member 30b by fastening members such as bolts or screws. Furthermore, the second vertical frame 10b of this embodiment is not fixed to the second vertical frame member 30b by welding. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the second vertical frame 10b is disposed at a distance from the second vertical frame member 30b. Therefore, even if inter-story displacement occurs in the building 200 and the second vertical frame member 30b deforms so as to tilt relative to the vertical direction, the second vertical frame 10b can be prevented from deforming excessively in response to the deformation of the second vertical frame member 30b. As a result, damage to the second vertical frame 10b can be prevented.

[0045] As described above, in the opening structure 100, the upper horizontal frame 20a and the lower horizontal frame 20b of the frame body 2 are fixed to the structural body 1, while the first vertical frame 10a and the second vertical frame 10b of the frame body 2 are not fixed to the structural body 1.

[0046] As shown in Fig. 2, the structural body 1 of this embodiment includes, in addition to the first vertical frame member 30a described above, an exterior wall panel serving as a first wall panel member 203a, which is disposed adjacent to the first vertical frame member 10a and directly attached to the upper horizontal frame member 40a and the lower horizontal frame member 40b, and to which the first vertical frame member 10a is not fixed. In other words, the first vertical frame member 10a of the frame body 2 of this embodiment is not fixed to either the first vertical frame member 30a or the first wall panel member 203a. As shown in Fig. 2, a sealant 207 is filled in the gap between the first vertical frame member 10a of the frame body 2 of this embodiment and the first wall panel member 203a.

[0047] 2, the structural body 1 of this embodiment includes, in addition to the second vertical frame member 30b described above, an exterior wall panel serving as a second wall panel member 203b, which is disposed adjacent to the second vertical frame member 10b and is directly attached to the upper horizontal frame member 40a and the lower horizontal frame member 40b, and to which the second vertical frame member 10b is not fixed. In other words, the second vertical frame member 10b of the frame body 2 of this embodiment is not fixed to either the second vertical frame member 30b or the second wall panel member 203b. As shown in FIG. 2, a sealant 207 is filled in the gap between the second vertical frame member 10b of the frame body 2 of this embodiment and the second wall panel member 203b.

[0048] In this embodiment, the first wall panel member 203a and the second wall panel member 203b are attached to the upper and lower beams of the horizontal frame member 40 so that they can rotate relative to the upper and lower beams when inter-story displacement occurs. In other words, the exterior wall 202 in this embodiment has a locking mechanism. Therefore, the gap distance between the first vertical frame 10a, which is filled with the sealant 207, and the first wall panel member 203a is adjusted so that the first vertical frame 10a of the frame body 2 and the first wall panel member 203a do not interfere with each other when the first panel member 203a rotates during an earthquake. The same applies to the gap distance between the second vertical frame 10b, which is filled with the sealant 207, and the second wall panel member 203b.

[0049] In this embodiment, both the first vertical frame member 30a and the first wall panel member 203a are disposed adjacent to the first vertical frame 10a, but this configuration is not limited thereto. For example, as shown in Fig. 4, if the upper horizontal frame 20a is fixed to an upper beam serving as an upper horizontal frame member 40a and the lower horizontal frame 20b is fixed to a lower beam serving as a lower horizontal frame member 40b, the first vertical frame member 30a may be omitted. In other words, the structural framework 1 may be configured not to include the first vertical frame member 30a attached to the upper horizontal frame member 40a and the lower horizontal frame member 40b adjacent to the first vertical frame 10a, but to include the first wall panel member 203a attached to the upper horizontal frame member 40a and the lower horizontal frame member 40b adjacent to the first vertical frame 10a. In this embodiment, the upper horizontal frame 20a is fixed to an upper beam as the upper horizontal frame member 40a, and the lower horizontal frame 20b is fixed to a lower beam as the lower horizontal frame member 40b. However, the configuration in which the first vertical frame member 30a can be omitted is not limited to this configuration. The first vertical frame member 30a can also be omitted when the upper horizontal frame 20a is fixed to an upper beam as the upper horizontal frame member 40a, and the lower horizontal frame 20b is fixed to a foundation structure or a floor.

[0050] In addition, in this embodiment, both the second vertical frame member 30b and the second wall panel member 203b are disposed adjacent to the second vertical frame 10b, but this configuration is not limited thereto. For example, as shown in Fig. 4, if the upper horizontal frame 20a is fixed to an upper beam serving as an upper horizontal frame member 40a and the lower horizontal frame 20b is fixed to a lower beam serving as a lower horizontal frame member 40b, the second vertical frame member 30b may be omitted. In other words, the structural framework 1 may be configured not to include the second vertical frame member 30b attached to the upper horizontal frame member 40a and the lower horizontal frame member 40b adjacent to the second vertical frame 10b, but to include the second wall panel member 203b attached to the upper horizontal frame member 40a and the lower horizontal frame member 40b adjacent to the second vertical frame 10b. In this embodiment, the upper horizontal frame 20a is fixed to an upper beam as the upper horizontal frame member 40a, and the lower horizontal frame 20b is fixed to a lower beam as the lower horizontal frame member 40b. However, the configuration in which the second vertical frame member 30b can be omitted is not limited to this configuration. The second vertical frame member 30b can also be omitted, for example, even when the upper horizontal frame 20a is fixed to an upper beam as the upper horizontal frame member 40a, and the lower horizontal frame 20b is fixed to a foundation structure or a floor portion.

[0051] However, from the viewpoint of reinforcing the area around the opening 1a, it is preferable that the structural body 1 include a first vertical frame member 30a and a second vertical frame member 30b.

[0052] As described above, in the opening structure 100, the first vertical frame 10a and the second vertical frame 10b of the frame body 2 are not fixed to the structural body 1. Therefore, forces acting on the frame body 2 due to wind pressure on the fitting 3, forces acting on the frame body 2 when the fitting 3 is opened or closed, etc. are borne by the structural body 1 via the upper horizontal frame member 40a and the lower horizontal frame member 40b that are fixed to the structural body 1, but are not borne by the structural body 1 via the first vertical frame 10a and the second vertical frame 10b that are not fixed to the structural body 1. In other words, when the first vertical frame 10a and the second vertical frame 10b of the frame body 2 are not fixed to the structural body 1, the first vertical frame 10a and the second vertical frame 10b are subjected to forces acting on the frame body 2 due to wind pressure on the fitting 3, forces acting on the frame body 2 when the fitting 3 is opened or closed, etc., compared to when the first vertical frame 10a and the second vertical frame 10b are fixed to the structural body 1. For this reason, it is preferable that the first vertical frame 10a and the second vertical frame 10b be configured to have high strength.

[0053] Therefore, the first vertical frame 10a and the second vertical frame 10b of this embodiment each have an endless portion that extends in the vertical direction and defines a hollow portion inside when viewed in a cross section perpendicular to the vertical direction (see FIG. 2). Specifically, the first vertical frame 10a of this embodiment has an endless portion 11a that defines a hollow portion 12a inside when viewed in a cross section perpendicular to the vertical direction (see FIG. 2). Furthermore, the second vertical frame 10b of this embodiment has an endless portion 11b that defines a hollow portion 12b inside when viewed in a cross section perpendicular to the vertical direction (see FIG. 2). In this way, by each of the first vertical frame 10a and the second vertical frame 10b having an endless portion, the first vertical frame 10a and the second vertical frame 10b can each be configured to be lightweight and high-strength.

[0054] Each of the first vertical frame 10a and the second vertical frame 10b may include, for example, a hollow material. The hollow material is, for example, an aluminum profile formed by aluminum extrusion. By including hollow material in each of the first vertical frame 10a and the second vertical frame 10b in this manner, a lightweight and high-strength vertical frame can be easily formed. In the first vertical frame 10a of this embodiment, the first vertical frame body 10a1 is made of hollow material that forms the endless portion 11a. In the second vertical frame 10b of this embodiment, the second vertical frame body 10b1 is made of hollow material that forms the endless portion 11b.

[0055] Note that the first vertical frame 10a and the second vertical frame 10b may each be configured to include, for example, a plate-shaped frame material and a reinforcing material attached to the plate-shaped frame material. In other words, the strength of a plate-shaped frame material without an endless portion may be reinforced by attaching a reinforcing material. The first vertical frame 10a and the second vertical frame 10b, each including such a plate-shaped frame material and reinforcing material, may be configured such that the plate-shaped frame material itself does not have an endless portion, but forms an endless portion together with the reinforcing material. Furthermore, the first vertical frame 10a and the second vertical frame 10b, each including a plate-shaped frame material and reinforcing material, may be configured such that the plate-shaped frame material and reinforcing material do not form an endless portion, and the strength of the plate-shaped frame material is sufficiently reinforced by the reinforcing material. In other words, the first vertical frame 10a and the second vertical frame 10b may each be configured without an endless portion, as long as sufficient strength can be ensured.

[0056] The fitting 3 is not particularly limited as long as it is attached to the frame 2 and is configured to be able to open and close the opening 1a. The fitting 3 in this embodiment is a single swing door, but the opening and closing mechanism is not particularly limited, and it may be, for example, a hinged door, a sliding door, a folding door, or the like. The fitting 3 may also be a glass shoji screen or the like installed in a window opening serving as the opening 1a.

[0057] The single swing door serving as the fitting 3 of this embodiment can open and close the entranceway serving as the opening 1a. The single swing door serving as the fitting 3 of this embodiment has an end portion on one side in the width direction at the base of the door (hereinafter referred to as the "base end portion") rotatably attached to the frame 2 by a hinge 3f or the like. This allows the fitting 3 of this embodiment to rotate relative to the frame 2 with the base end portion as the rotation center axis.

[0058] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the fitting 3 of this embodiment comprises a first panel 3a and a second panel 3b constituting both sides of the fitting 3 in the thickness direction; a framework 3c extending between the outer edges of the first panel 3a and the second panel 3b along the outer edges of the first panel 3a and the second panel 3b and sandwiched between the outer edges of the first panel 3a and the second panel 3b; and an insulating material 3d disposed within the framework 3c between the first panel 3a and the second panel 3b. The first panel 3a and the second panel 3b may be made of metal, such as aluminum, stainless steel, or steel. The framework 3c may be made of metal or resin. The insulating material 3d may be a panel-shaped insulating material made of a foamed resin material, such as phenolic foam, polystyrene foam, or urethane foam.

[0059] As described above, in the outer edge 3e of the fitting 3 of this embodiment, no insulating material 3d is placed between the first face material 3a and the second face material 3b, and the skeleton frame material 3c is sandwiched between them. Therefore, the outer edge 3e of the fitting 3 of this embodiment, which includes the upper end, lower end, door base end, and the end on the door tip side on the other side in the width direction (hereinafter referred to as the "door tip"), has a higher thermal conductivity in the thickness direction than the center of the fitting 3.

[0060] The frame body 2 of this embodiment is equipped with a resin covering portion 50 that covers the outer edge portion 3e of the fitting 3 in the closed state from the projected width direction of the frame body 2 (the thickness direction of the wall portion 201). Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 , the covering portion 50 of this embodiment is equipped with a door tip covering portion 51 that covers the door tip portion as the outer edge portion 3e of the fitting 3 from the projected width direction, a door base covering portion 52 that covers the door base end portion as the outer edge portion 3e of the fitting 3 from the projected width direction, and an upper end covering portion 53 that covers the upper end portion as the outer edge portion 3e of the fitting 3 from the projected width direction. Note that the covering portion 50 may further be equipped with a lower end covering portion that covers the lower end portion as the outer edge portion 3e of the fitting 3 from the projected width direction. Examples of materials that can be used for the resin covering portion 50 include vinyl chloride, which is the material that forms the frame body 2.

[0061] As shown in FIG. 2, the first vertical frame 10a of this embodiment includes an aluminum first vertical frame body 10a1 with an endless portion 11a and a bottom covering portion 52 of a resin covering portion 50 connected to the first vertical frame body 10a1. As shown in FIG. 2, the first vertical frame body 10a1 is positioned adjacent to the door frame 3 in the closed state in the visible width direction of the frame body 2. In contrast, as shown in FIG. 2, the bottom covering portion 52 is positioned adjacent to the door frame end portion, which serves as the outer edge 3e of the door frame 3 in the closed state, in the visible width direction. The opening structure 100 of this embodiment includes a rubber sealing member 55 attached to the first vertical frame 10a of the frame body 2. The sealing member 55 can be sandwiched between the first vertical frame 10a and the door frame end portion, which serves as the outer edge 3e of the door frame 3 in the closed state. In other words, the sealing member 55 can seal between the door frame end portion, which serves as the outer edge 3e of the door frame 3 in the closed state, and the first vertical frame 10a of the frame body 2.

[0062] As shown in FIG. 2, the second vertical frame 10b of this embodiment includes an aluminum second vertical frame body 10b1 with an endless portion 11b, and a door edge covering portion 51 of a resin covering portion 50 connected to the second vertical frame body 10b1. As shown in FIG. 2, the second vertical frame body 10b1 is positioned adjacent to the door fixture 3 in the closed state in the visible width direction of the frame body 2. In contrast, as shown in FIG. 2, the door edge covering portion 51 is positioned adjacent to the door tip portion, which serves as the outer edge portion 3e of the door fixture 3 in the closed state, in the visible width direction. The opening structure 100 of this embodiment includes a rubber seal member 56 attached to the second vertical frame 10b of the frame body 2. The seal member 56 can be sandwiched between the second vertical frame 10b and the door tip portion, which serves as the outer edge portion 3e of the door fixture 3 in the closed state. In other words, the seal member 56 can seal between the door tip portion, which is the outer edge portion 3e of the fitting 3 in the closed state, and the second vertical frame 10b of the frame body 2.

[0063] Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3, the upper horizontal frame 20a of this embodiment includes an aluminum upper horizontal frame body 20a1 having an endless portion 11c and an upper end covering portion 53 of a resin covering portion 50 connected to the upper horizontal frame body 20a1. The upper horizontal frame body 20a1 of this embodiment is made of a hollow material that forms the endless portion 11c. As shown in FIG. 3, the upper horizontal frame body 20a1 is positioned adjacent to the upper vertical portion of the door 3 in the closed state. In contrast, as shown in FIG. 3, the upper end covering portion 53 is positioned adjacent to the upper end portion, which serves as the outer edge 3e of the door 3 in the closed state, in the projected width direction. The opening structure 100 of this embodiment includes a rubber sealing member 57 attached to the upper horizontal frame 20a of the frame body 2. The sealing member 57 can be sandwiched between the upper horizontal frame 20a and the upper end portion, which serves as the outer edge 3e of the door 3 in the closed state. In other words, the seal member 57 can seal between the door tip portion, which is the outer edge portion 3e of the fitting 3 in the closed state, and the upper horizontal frame 20a of the frame body 2.

[0064] As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 , the exterior wall 202 serving as the wall portion 201 of this embodiment includes a wall element (hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, referred to as a “low thermal conductivity wall element”) arranged on the opposite side of the covering portion 50 from the side where the door frame 3 is located in the closed state in the projected width direction. The wall element is made of a material with a thermal conductivity lower than that of the material constituting the covering portion 50. The low thermal conductivity wall element of this embodiment is the interior frame material 205b. In other words, in the opening structure 100 of this embodiment, the outer edge 3e of the door frame 3, the resin covering portion 50, and the low thermal conductivity wall element made of a material with a thermal conductivity lower than that of the material constituting the covering portion 50 are arranged side by side in the projected width direction. Specifically, the resin covering portion 50 of this embodiment is made of vinyl chloride, and the interior frame material 205b of this embodiment is made of wood. The thermal conductivity of wood is lower than that of vinyl chloride.

[0065] In this way, the outer edge 3e of the fitting 3, the resin covering portion 50, and the low thermal conductivity wall element are arranged side by side in the projected width direction, so that one side of the outer edge 3e of the fitting 3 in the projected width direction is covered by both the covering portion 50 and the low thermal conductivity wall element, thereby preventing the formation of a thermal bridge in the projected width direction through the outer edge 3e of the fitting 3.

[0066] In this embodiment, the low thermal conductive wall element is the interior frame material 205b, but is not limited to this configuration. The low thermal conductive wall element may be an interior material 205 other than the interior frame material 205b, such as the interior wall material 205a. The low thermal conductive wall element may also be, for example, the heat insulating material 204.

[0067] Furthermore, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, it is preferable that the visible surface 50a of the covering portion 50, which faces the entrance / exit as the opening 1a, is configured as a flat surface. Specifically, in this embodiment, the visible surface 50a of the covering portion 50 is configured as a flat surface parallel to the projected width direction. In other words, no steps are formed on the visible surface 50a of the covering portion 50. This reduces the surface area of ​​the visible surface 50a of the covering portion 50, thereby suppressing heat transfer through the visible surface 50a. In other words, it is possible to further suppress the formation of a thermal bridge in the projected width direction through the outer edge portion 3e of the fitting 3. Note that in this embodiment, the visible surface 51a of the door edge covering portion 51, the visible surface 52a of the door base covering portion 52, and the visible surface 53a of the upper end covering portion 53 are each configured as a flat surface parallel to the projected width direction.

[0068] The opening structure and building according to the present invention are not limited to the specific configurations described in the above-described embodiment, and various modifications, alterations, and combinations are possible without departing from the scope of the claims. In the above-described embodiment, the lower horizontal frame 20b is fixed to the lower horizontal frame member 40b as a lower horizontal frame fixing portion, and the first vertical frame member 30a and the second vertical frame member 30b are directly attached to the lower horizontal frame member 40b as a lower horizontal frame fixing portion. In contrast, if the lower horizontal frame 20b is fixed to, for example, the floor as a lower horizontal frame fixing portion, the first vertical frame member 30a and the second vertical frame member 30b do not need to be directly attached to the floor as a lower horizontal frame fixing portion. In this case, the first vertical frame member 30a and the second vertical frame member 30b may be directly attached to the lower horizontal frame member 40b, which is fixed in position relative to the floor as a lower horizontal frame fixing portion, a foundation structure, etc., or may be indirectly attached to the floor as a lower horizontal frame fixing portion via the lower horizontal frame member 40b, a foundation structure, etc. The same applies to the attachment of the first wall panel member 203a and the second wall panel member 203b. [Industrial Applicability]

[0069] The present invention relates to an opening structure and a building. [Explanation of symbols]

[0070] 1: Structural frame 1a: opening 2: Frame 3: Doors and windows 3a: First surface material 3b: 2nd surface material 3c: Frame material 3d:Insulation 3e: Outer edge of fittings 3f: Hinge 10a: First vertical frame 10a1: First vertical frame body 10b:Second vertical frame 10b1: Second vertical frame body 11a: Endless part of the first vertical frame 11b: Endless part of second vertical frame 11c: Endless part of upper horizontal frame 12a: Hollow section of the first vertical frame 12b: Hollow section of the second vertical frame 20a: Upper horizontal frame 20a1: Upper horizontal frame body 20b: Lower horizontal frame 30: Vertical frame member 30a: First vertical frame member 30b: Second vertical frame member 40: Horizontal frame member 40a: Upper horizontal frame member 40b: Lower horizontal frame member (an example of a lower horizontal frame fixing part) 50: Covering part 50a: Visible surface of the coated part 51: Door edge covering part 51a: Visible surface of door edge covering 52: Door covering part 52a: Visible surface of door base covering 53: Upper end covering part 53a: Visible surface of upper end covering part 55, 56, 57: Sealing members 100: Opening structure 200: Building 201: Wall 202: Exterior wall (an example of a wall) 203: Wall panel member 203a: First wall panel member 203b: Second wall panel member 204:Insulation material 205: Interior materials 205a: Interior wall materials 205b: Interior frame material 207: Sealant X1: Welded section

Claims

1. The building's structural frame that defines the opening, a frame body disposed in the opening; a fitting attached to the frame body and capable of opening and closing the opening, The frame body is Vertical frames on both sides extending vertically; An upper horizontal frame and a lower horizontal frame extending horizontally and connecting the vertical frames on both sides, An opening structure in which the vertical frames on both sides are not fixed to the structural body, and the upper horizontal frame and the lower horizontal frame are fixed to the structural body.

2. The opening structure according to claim 1 , wherein each of the vertical frames on both sides includes an endless portion that extends in the vertical direction and defines a hollow portion inside in a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the vertical direction.

3. The opening structure according to claim 2 , wherein each of the vertical frames on both sides includes a hollow material.

4. The opening structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each of the vertical frames on both sides comprises a plate-shaped frame material and a reinforcing material attached to the plate-shaped frame material.

5. The structural body is an upper horizontal frame member disposed adjacent to the upper horizontal frame and fixed to the upper horizontal frame; The opening structure according to claim 1 , further comprising: a lower horizontal frame fixing portion arranged adjacent to the lower horizontal frame and fixed to the lower horizontal frame.

6. The structural body is a first vertical frame member and a first wall panel member that are arranged adjacent to a first vertical frame, which is one of the vertical frames on both sides, and are directly or indirectly attached to the upper horizontal frame member and the lower horizontal frame fixing portion, and to which the first vertical frame is not fixed; 6. The opening structure according to claim 5, further comprising: a second vertical frame member and a second wall panel member that are arranged adjacent to the other of the two vertical frames, and are directly or indirectly attached to the upper horizontal frame member and the lower horizontal frame fixing portion, and to which the second vertical frame is not fixed.

7. The structural body does not include vertical frame members attached directly or indirectly to the upper horizontal frame member and the lower horizontal frame fixing portion at positions adjacent to the vertical frames on both sides, The structural body is a first wall panel member that is disposed adjacent to a first vertical frame, which is one of the vertical frames on both sides, and is directly or indirectly attached to the upper horizontal frame member and the lower horizontal frame fixing portion, and to which the first vertical frame is not fixed; The opening structure described in claim 5, further comprising: a second wall panel member that is arranged adjacent to the second vertical frame, which is the other of the two vertical frames on both sides, and is directly or indirectly attached to the upper horizontal frame member and the lower horizontal frame fixing portion, and to which the second vertical frame is not fixed.

8. A building comprising the opening structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

9. A structural frame that defines the opening; a frame body disposed in the opening; a fitting attached to the frame body and capable of opening and closing the opening, The frame body is Vertical frames on both sides extending vertically; An upper horizontal frame and a lower horizontal frame extending horizontally and connecting the vertical frames on both sides, The vertical frames on both sides are not fixed to the structural body, and the upper horizontal frame and the lower horizontal frame are fixed to the structural body, The structural body is a first wall panel member disposed adjacent to the first vertical frame, which is one of the vertical frames on both sides; A building comprising: a second wall panel member arranged adjacent to the second vertical frame, which is the other of the two vertical frames.

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