Instruction to start ai and / or ML for terminal

Abstract

A base transceiver station (BTS) and a communication method for supporting an AI and / or ML start indication for a terminal are provided.SOLUTION: In the mobile communication system, each of the base station devices 100 and 101 includes a transmission unit that transmits a signal indicating the start of training and a reception unit that receives training data, the signal indicating the start of training includes a training start time and a training cycle, and when the signal indicating the start of training is transmitted, the base station device instructs generation of training data based on the training start time and the training cycle. When receiving the signal indicating the start of the training, the terminal 102 to 104 generates the training datum based on the start time of the training and the cycle in which the training is performed.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a base station device instructing a terminal device to start artificial intelligence and / or machine learning. [Background technology]

[0002] The fourth-generation mobile communication system (4G) is also called Long Term Evolution or LTE, and the fifth-generation mobile communication system (5G) is also called New Radio Access Technology or NR. LTE and NR are being discussed and standardized by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0003] A base station device may have one or more cells. A plurality of cells may exist within the range of radio waves emitted by the base station device. Communication in one or more cells may be referred to as cellular communication. Data may be transmitted and received between a terminal device and a base station device using cellular communication.

[0004] The fifth-generation mobile communication system will adopt eMBB (Enhanced Mobile BroadBand), an evolution of the high-speed, high-capacity (Mobile BroadBand) data communications of conventional mobile communication systems, as well as Ultra Reliable and Low Latency Communications (URLLC) and Massive Machine Type Communications (mMTC). Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] The problem to be solved by the present disclosure is to provide a method for a base station device to instruct a terminal device to start artificial intelligence and / or machine learning. 3GPP is considering performing channel estimation using artificial intelligence and / or machine learning in a terminal device and / or a base station device. However, there is no known base station device, terminal device, or method implemented in a base station device, characterized in that a base station device signals the terminal device to start artificial intelligence and / or machine learning. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] (1) In order to achieve the above object, the aspects of the present disclosure employ the following measures: That is, a first aspect of the present disclosure is a terminal device comprising a receiving unit that receives a signal instructing the start of training and a transmitting unit that transmits training data, wherein the signal instructing the start of training includes a training start time and a training cycle, and when the signal instructing the start of training is received, the training data is generated based on the training start time and the training cycle.

[0007] (2) A second aspect of the present disclosure is a base station device comprising a transmitting unit that transmits a signal instructing the start of training and a receiving unit that receives training data, wherein the signal instructing the start of training includes a training start time and a training cycle, and when transmitting the signal instructing the start of training, the base station device instructs the generation of the training data based on the training start time and the training cycle.

[0008] (3) A third aspect of the present disclosure is a communication method used in a terminal device, comprising a processing unit that processes a signal instructing the start of training and a processing unit that processes training data, wherein the signal instructing the start of training includes a start time for training and a training cycle, and when the signal instructing the start of training is received, the training data is generated based on the start time for training and the training cycle.

[0009] (4) A fourth aspect of the present disclosure is a communication method used in a base station device, comprising a processing unit that processes a signal instructing the start of training and a processing unit that processes training data, wherein the signal instructing the start of training includes a training start time and a training cycle, and when transmitting the signal instructing the start of training, the method instructs the generation of the training data based on the training start time and the training cycle. [Effects of the Invention]

[0010] According to the present disclosure, efficient communication can be performed between a base station device and a terminal device. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0011] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of communication between a terminal device and a base station device in this embodiment. [Figure 2] 1 is an example of a conceptual block diagram showing the configuration of a terminal device 1 in this embodiment. [Figure 3] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between supportable numerologies and cyclic prefixes in this embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between SCS, slots, frames, and subframes in this embodiment. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a resource grid according to the present embodiment. [Figure 6]FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a training method when the upper layer parameter trainingType is configured as aperiodic in this embodiment. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a training method when the upper layer parameter trainingType in this embodiment is configured as semi-persistent. [Figure 8] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a training method when the upper layer parameter trainingType in this embodiment is configured as periodic. [Figure 9] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a training method when the upper layer parameter trainingType in this embodiment is configured as instantaneous. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0012] The terminal device may be a device that communicates with the base station device. The terminal device may be called UE (User Equipment). The base station device may be called Base Station.

[0013] In LTE, a base station device is called an eNodeB (evolved NodeB) or an eNB, and in NR, a base station device is called a gNodeB or a gNB.

[0014] Communication from a base station device to a terminal device may be called a downlink. The downlink may include frequencies, signals, and / or data transmitted from the base station device to the terminal device. The communication method in the downlink may be wireless.

[0015] Communication from a terminal device to a base station device may be referred to as an uplink. The uplink may include frequencies, signals, and / or data transmitted from the terminal device to the base station device. The communication method in the uplink may be wireless.

[0016] 1 is a diagram showing an example of communication between a terminal device and a base station device in this embodiment. Base station device 100 and base station device 101 may be called base station device 1 or base station devices. Terminal device 102, terminal device 103, and terminal device 104 may be called terminal device 1 or terminal devices. 105, 106, and 107, which indicate the communication direction from base station device 1 to terminal device 1, may be downlink. 108, 109, and 110, which indicate the communication direction from terminal device 1 to base station device 1, may be uplink.

[0017] The base station device 1 may configure one or both of an MCG (Master Cell Group) and / or an SCG (Secondary Cell Group). There may be one or more SCGs, or no SCGs may be configured. The MCG includes at least a PCell (Primary Cell). The SCG includes at least a PSCell (Primary Secondary Cell).

[0018] The base station device 1 may provide the configuration parameters to the MCG included in the higher layer parameter CellGroupConfig. The base station device 1 may provide the configuration parameters to the SCG included in the higher layer parameter CellGroupConfig.

[0019] 2 is an example of a conceptual block diagram showing the configuration of a terminal device 1 in this embodiment. Block 200 is an upper layer processing unit. Block 201 is a baseband signal processing unit that processes baseband signals. Block 202 is an RF unit that up-converts the baseband signals to carrier waves. 209, 210, 211, and 212 are antennas that transmit and / or receive radio waves.

[0020] The upper layer processing unit 200 may include a media access control unit 203 and a radio resource control unit 204 .

[0021] The media access control unit 203 may perform medium access control (MAC). The media access control unit 203 may be a protocol present in the terminal device 1 and the base station device 1. The media access control unit 203 may perform mapping between logical channels and transport channels. The media access control unit 203 may perform logical channel multiplexing. The media access control unit 203 may handle HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest). The media access control unit may perform processing at the MAC layer or the MAC layer.

[0022] The radio resource control unit 204 may perform radio resource control (RRC). The radio resource control unit 204 may perform broadcast information management, paging management, RRC connection control, security handling, radio bearer management, mobility management, and QOS (Quality of Service) management. The radio resource control unit 204 may perform RRC layer processing.

[0023] The higher layer processing unit 200 processes and manages setting information related to transmission and reception received from the base station device 1. This setting information is called higher layer parameters. The higher layer parameters may include at least a medium access control element (MAC CE) and radio resource control parameters (RRC parameters). The higher layer parameters may also be higher layer signaling.

[0024] The subcarrier spacing (SCS) may be adjusted by μ. The subcarrier spacing configuration parameter may be referred to as μ. The subcarrier spacing (Δf) is Δf=2 μ × 15 kHz. When there are multiple parameters μ constituting the subcarrier spacing, this may mean having multiple numerologies.

[0025] The cyclic prefix (CP) may be a guard interval provided to compensate for multipath interference due to delays in the channel, etc. The length of the cyclic prefix may vary depending on the channel state. The upper layer parameter cyclicPrefix may indicate whether to use an extended cyclic prefix in a certain BWP (Bandwidth Part). The base station device 1 may indicate the length of the cyclic prefix to the terminal device 1 using the upper layer parameter cyclicPrefix. The terminal device 1 may set the length of the cyclic prefix depending on the value of the upper layer parameter cyclicPrefix. The length of the cyclic prefix may be defined as normal and extended. The length of the extended cyclic prefix may be longer than the length of the normal cyclic prefix.

[0026] FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between supportable numerologies and cyclic prefixes in this embodiment. When μ is 0, the subcarrier spacing is 15 kHz, and the cyclic prefix length may be normal. When μ is 1, the subcarrier spacing is 30 kHz, and the cyclic prefix length may be normal. When μ is 2, the subcarrier spacing is 60 kHz, and the cyclic prefix length may be normal or extended. When μ is 2, and the upper layer parameter cyclicPrefix is ​​set to extended, the terminal device 1 may set the cyclic prefix length to extended. When μ is 2, and the upper layer parameter cyclicPrefix is ​​not set, the terminal device 1 may set the cyclic prefix length to normal. When μ is 3, the subcarrier spacing is 120 kHz, and the cyclic prefix length may be normal. When μ is 4, the subcarrier spacing is 240 kHz, and the cyclic prefix length may be normal. 1kHz is 1000Hz.

[0027] For an SCS configuration μ, one or more slots may be numbered in increasing order within one subframe. That is, slot number n s μ is n s μ ={0,...,N slot subframe、μ -1}, where N slot subframe、μ may represent the number of slots included in one subframe for the SCS configuration μ. For the SCS configuration μ, one or more slots may be numbered in increasing order within one frame. That is, slot number n s、f μ is n s、fμ ={0,...,N slot frame、μ -1}, where N slot frame、μ may denote the number of slots contained in one frame for an SCS configuration μ.

[0028] 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between SCS, slots, frames and subframes in this embodiment. One slot has N symb slot The number of slots included in one slot may be N symb slot may vary depending on the type of CP. If CP is set to Normal, N symb slot may be 14 regardless of the value of SCS. If CP is set to Extended, N symb slot may be 12.

[0029] The duration of one frame may be 10 ms regardless of the SCS. 1 ms is 1 / 1000 seconds. The number of slots included in one frame may differ depending on the SCS. For example, if the SCS is 15 kHz (μ=0), the number of slots included in one frame is N slot frame、μ may be 10. Also, when the SCS is 30 kHz (μ=1), the number of slots included in one frame, N slot frame、μ may be 20. Also, when the SCS is 60 kHz (μ=2), the number of slots included in one frame, N slot frame、μ may be 40. Also, when the SCS is 120 kHz (μ=3), the number of slots included in one frame, N slot frame、μ may be 80. Also, when the SCS is 240 kHz (μ=4), the number of slots included in one frame, N slot frame、μ may be 160.

[0030] One subframe may be 1 ms regardless of the SCS value. For example, when the SCS is 15 kHz (μ=0), the number of slots included in one subframe is N slot subframe、μ may be 1. Also, when the SCS is 30 kHz (μ=1), the number of slots included in one subframe, N slot subframe、μ may be 2. Also, when the SCS is 60 kHz (μ=2), the number of slots included in one subframe, N slot subframe、μ may be 4. Also, when the SCS is 120 kHz (μ=3), the number of slots included in one subframe, N slot subframe、μ may be 8. Also, when the SCS is 240 kHz (μ=4), the number of slots included in one subframe, N slot subframe、μ may be 16.

[0031] For a given numerology and carrier, N grid、x size、μ ×N sc RB subcarriers and N symb subframe、μ A resource grid having N OFDM symbols may be defined. The resource grid is divided into common resource blocks (CRBs) N grid start、μ It may start with N grid start、μ may be indicated by higher layer parameters. There may be one set of resource grids per transmission direction. The transmission direction may be uplink, downlink, or sidelink.

[0032] For the uplink and downlink, the bandwidth N of the carrier in the SCS configuration μ grid,x size,μmay be given by the carrierBandwidth included in the higher layer parameter SCS-SpecificCarrier. grid,x size,μ The x included in may be DL (downlink), UL (uplink), or SL (sidelink).

[0033] Starting position N of the resource grid in SCS configuration μ grid start,μ may be given by offsetToCarrier included in the upper layer parameter SCS-SpecificCarrier. The frequency location of a subcarrier may refer to the center frequency of the subcarrier. In other words, when calculating the frequency spacing between subcarriers, the spacing of the center frequencies of the subcarriers may be used.

[0034] Each element included in the resource grid for SCS configuration μ and antenna port p may be referred to as a resource element (RE). p,μ Here, k may be an index in the frequency domain, and l may represent a symbol position relative to a reference point in the time domain. The symbol may be an OFDM symbol. Resource element (k, l) p,μ is a physical resource and a complex number a k,l (p,μ) and may correspond to.

[0035] In this embodiment, unless otherwise specified, a symbol may refer to an OFDM symbol.

[0036] A resource block (RB) may be called a common resource block (CRB) or a physical resource block (PRB). An RB may be defined as a CRB and a PRB. An RB may include a CRB and a PRB. One resource block (RB) may be defined as 12 consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. In other words, the number of consecutive subcarriers included in one RB is defined as N. sc RB and N sc RB = 12. One CRB may be defined by 12 consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain.

[0037] 5 is a diagram showing an example of a resource grid in this embodiment. The horizontal axis of the diagram represents the time domain, and the vertical axis represents the frequency domain. 500 represents one subcarrier. 501 represents one PRB consisting of 12 subcarriers. 502 represents one slot consisting of 14 symbols.

[0038] Scheduling may mean that the base station apparatus 1 reserves resources used by the terminal apparatus 1 to transmit and / or receive physical signals. For example, in order for the terminal apparatus 1 to receive a PDSCH transmitted from the base station apparatus 1, the base station apparatus 1 may schedule four PRBs 503 included in symbols #0, #1, and #2 in Fig. 5 to the terminal apparatus 1. In other words, the resources reserved (scheduled) for the terminal apparatus 1 to receive the PDSCH may be an area where symbols #0, #1, #2, and 503 intersect.

[0039] In this embodiment, scheduling can also be called scheduling.

[0040] Unless otherwise specified in this disclosure, "A and B are transmitted simultaneously" may mean that A and B are transmitted simultaneously in the same one or more OFDM symbols in a slot.

[0041] Point A may serve as a Common Reference Point for a Resource Grid. The Resource Grid may be a Resource Block Grid. Point A may be given based on the higher layer parameter offsetToPointA. Point A may be given based on the higher layer parameter absoluteFrequencyPointA.

[0042] For an SCS configuration μ, CRBs may be numbered in ascending order starting from 0 in the frequency domain. A CRB with a lower number may be located in a lower frequency domain. For example, CRB#n may be located in a lower frequency domain than CRB#n+1. In this embodiment, the nth CRB is also referred to as CRB#n. For an SCS configuration μ, the center of subcarrier#0 included in CRB#0 may be Point A.

[0043] In the SCS configuration μ, the CRB number n in the frequency domain CRB μ The relationship between and resource element (k, l) is CRB μ =floor(k / N sc RB ) where k may be associated with Point A. That is, when k=0, the center frequency of the subcarrier may be located at Point A. Also, floor(x1) is a function that outputs the largest integer among integers equal to or smaller than x1. For example, the output of floor(1.2) is 1, the output of floor(2.99) is 2, and the output of floor(3) is 3.

[0044] In the SCS configuration μ, the PRB may be defined within a BWP (Bandwidth Part). In other words, the physical resource block constituting the BWP may be a PRB. For example, the base station device 1 may configure 503 as a BWP in the terminal device 1. The PRB ranges from 0 to (N BWP,i size,μ -1), that is, the PRB containing the lowest frequency among the PRBs contained in a BWP has an index of 0, the PRB containing the highest frequency has an index of N, BWP,i size,μ -1, PRB#0 and PRB#N BWP,i size,μ The PRB indices between -1 and N may be given in ascending order. BWP,i size,μ may be the number of PRBs constituting the BWP in the SCS configuration μ. In this embodiment, the n-th PRB is also denoted as PRB#n.

[0045] BWP is the numerology μ set for the i-th BWP of a component carrier. i A BWP may be a subset of consecutive CRBs. A BWP may consist of one or more consecutive CRBs. A BWP may consist of one or more consecutive PRBs.

[0046] A BWP in the downlink may be referred to as a downlink BWP (DL BWP). The terminal device 1 may be configured with up to four DL BWPs in the downlink. Of the up to four DL BWPs, one DL BWP may be activated (Active) at a given time. The terminal device 1 may not expect to receive a PDSCH, PDCCH, or CSI-RS outside the range of the activated DL BWP. The terminal device 1 may expect to receive a PDSCH, PDCCH, or CSI-RS in RBs included in the activated DL BWP.

[0047] A BWP in the uplink may be referred to as an uplink BWP (UL BWP). The terminal device 1 may have up to four UL BWPs configured in the uplink. Of the up to four UL BWPs, one UL BWP may be activated (Active) at a certain time. The terminal device 1 may not transmit a PUSCH or a PUCCH outside the range of the activated UL BWP. The terminal device 1 may transmit a PUSCH or a PUCCH in an RB included in the activated UL BWP. In an activated cell, the terminal device 1 may not transmit an SRS outside the range of the activated BWP.

[0048] A transport channel may be a channel for transferring information between the physical layer and the MAC layer. The transport channels in the downlink may include at least a broadcast channel (BCH), a downlink shared channel (DL-SCH), a paging channel (PCH), an uplink shared channel (UL-SCH), a random access channel (RACH), a sidelink broadcast channel (SL-BCH), and a sidelink shared channel (SL-SCH).

[0049] The BCH may be used in a cell to broadcast a single message or different BCH instances by beamforming to the entire area of ​​the cell. The BCH may have a fixed size. The BCH may use a predefined format.

[0050] The DL-SCH may be used to transmit user data, control information, higher layer parameters, or DL ​​system information. The DL-SCH may support HARQ. The DL-SCH may support dynamic link adaptation by changing modulation, coding, transmit power, etc. The DL-SCH may also be broadcast to all cells. The DL-SCH may also use beamforming. The DL-SCH may support dynamic and / or semi-static resource allocation.

[0051] The PCH may support discontinuous reception (DRX) that enables power saving (UE power saving) of the terminal device 1. The PCH may be used in a certain cell when broadcasting a single message or different BCH instances by beamforming to the entire area of ​​the cell.

[0052] The base station device 1 may transmit a PBCH (Physical Broadcast CHannel) including an MIB (Master Information Block) to the terminal device 1 in the downlink.

[0053] The Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) may be used to schedule downlink transmissions (DL Transmissions) on a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) or uplink transmissions (UL Transmissions) on a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH). The PDCCH may include Downlink Control Information (DCI).

[0054] The PDSCH may be a physical channel that carries the DL-SCH. The DL-SCH may be coded. The PDSCH may be used to transmit one or two transport blocks (TBs). DCI included in the PDCCH may assign PDSCH transmission together with a reference signal including DMRS. The PDSCH may be decoded based at least on information included in the PDCCH. That is, the time and frequency domain resources, modulation scheme, and number of layers for the PDSCH may be determined at least by information included in the PDCCH. The PDSCH transmission may be transmitted using two or more and 14 or less OFDM symbols. The number of layers for the PDSCH transmission may be eight or less. HARQ feedback or retransmission may be supported for the PDSCH transmission.

[0055] The terminal device 1 may transmit a preamble to the base station device 1 using a PRACH (Physical Random Access Channel). 64 preambles may be defined in each PRACH occasion. The PRACH occasion may be defined in the time domain and the frequency domain. The length of the preamble may be at least four different lengths. The preamble may be referred to as a PRACH preamble. The PRACH preamble may have one or more PRACH formats. Each PRACH format may have one or more PRACH preamble sequences. Each PRACH format may be defined with one or more PRACH OFDM symbols. Each PRACH format may be defined with a different CP length and / or a different guard time. The configuration of the PRACH preamble may be provided to the terminal device 1 through system information.

[0056] The PUCCH may be used to carry uplink control information (UCI).

[0057] The UCI may include some or all of HARQ-ACK (Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest-ACKnowledgement) information, a scheduling request (SR), and / or channel state information (CSI). The UCI may be carried on a PUCCH or a PUSCH. The number of UCI bits may determine the channel coding scheme.

[0058] In the HARQ-ACK feedback of a PDSCH corresponding to a certain DCI, a PUCCH resource set including one or more PUCCH resources may be configured. One PUCCH resource may be determined based on at least the UCI payload size and a PUCCH Resource Indicator (PRI) field included in the DL Assignment. When multiple PUCCHs overlap in the time domain, one or more UCIs included in the multiple PUCCHs may be multiplexed into one PUCCH. When a PUCCH and a PUSCH overlap in the time domain, the UCI included in the PUCCH may be multiplexed into the PUSCH.

[0059] The PUCCH resource may be a resource for transmitting UCI in the time domain and / or the frequency domain. The PUCCH resource may be configured in a certain PUCCH format. PUCCH format 0 may be used to transmit 2 or less bits of UCI using one or two OFDM symbols. PUCCH format 1 may be used to transmit 2 or less bits of UCI using 4 to 14 OFDM symbols. PUCCH format 2 may be used to transmit more than 2 bits of UCI using one or two OFDM symbols. PUCCH format 3 may be used to transmit more than 2 bits of UCI using 4 to 14 OFDM symbols. PUCCH format 4 may be used to transmit more than 2 bits of UCI using 4 to 14 OFDM symbols.

[0060] The PUSCH may be a physical channel carrying the UL-SCH. The PUSCH may be a physical channel carrying UCI. The PUSCH may be used to transmit one TB (Transport Block). The DCI included in the PDCCH may schedule PUSCH transmission together with a reference signal including DMRS. The PUSCH may be decoded based at least on information included in the PDCCH. That is, the time and frequency domain resources, modulation scheme, and number of layers for the PUSCH may be determined at least by information included in the PDCCH. The number of layers for PDSCH transmission may be four or less. HARQ retransmission may be supported for PDSCH transmission.

[0061] The DMRS may be used to measure the state of the communication channel. The DMRS may be a different signal for each user. Note that information identifying the user may be included when the DMRS is generated. The DMRS may be transmitted simultaneously with the PUCCH. The DMRS may be transmitted simultaneously with the PUSCH. The DMRS may be transmitted simultaneously with the PDSCH. The DMRS may be transmitted simultaneously with the PDCCH. The DMRS may be transmitted simultaneously with the PBCH.

[0062] The PTRS may be used to measure phase noise in a communication channel. The PTRS may be transmitted simultaneously with a PUSCH. The PTRS may be transmitted simultaneously with a PDSCH. The PTRS may be associated with one DMRS port.

[0063] The SRS may be different for each terminal device (UE-specific). The SRS may be transmitted using one, two, or four consecutive OFDM symbols in a certain slot.

[0064] A PRS (Positioning Reference Signal) may be transmitted simultaneously with a PDSCH, a PDCCH, or any of the downlink transmission channels. One or more downlink PRS positioning frequency layers may be configured for one terminal device 1. The PRS positioning frequency layer may be configured with one or more PRS resource sets. The PRS resource set may be configured with one or more PRS resources.

[0065] The CSI-RS may be transmitted in the downlink. One or more CSI reports may be configured corresponding to a certain CSI-RS. Multiple terminal devices may share one CSI-RS. The resources for the CSI-RS in the time domain may be configured with any OFDM symbols within a certain slot. The resources for the CSI-RS in the time domain may be configured with one, two, or four OFDM symbols. The CSI-RS may be configured with 32 antenna ports. The base station device 1 may transmit the CSI-RS to the terminal device 1 periodically (periodic), semi-persistently, or aperiodic.

[0066] Channel estimation in the terminal device 1 may be performed based at least on a reference signal transmitted from the base station device 1. The reference signal transmitted from the base station device 1 may be a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a PTRS, a CSI-RS, or an SSB. The reference signal is a known signal that is known to both the transmitter and the receiver. In other words, the receiver may know in advance what kind of reference signal will be transmitted from the transmitter.

[0067] The channel estimation in the base station device 1 may be performed based at least on a reference signal transmitted from the terminal device 1. The reference signal transmitted from the terminal device 1 may be a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a PTRS, or an SRS.

[0068] Describe an example related to channel estimation. The reference signals transmitted from the base station device 1 and the terminal device 1 may be represented in the form of complex numbers, which are a combination of real numbers and imaginary numbers. For example, if the transmitted reference signal is 1 + 2j, and when the reference signal is received through the communication channel, it is set to 0.5 + 2j. The receiver installed in the base station device 1 and / or the terminal device 1 may compare the transmitted reference signal and the received reference signal in the time domain and / or the frequency band to estimate the channel information, and then perform correction processing on the received signal based on the estimation result of the channel information.

[0069] A real number may be a number whose result when multiplied by itself is the same as or greater than 0. That is, a real number may be a positive number (Positive Number) including 0 when a number is multiplied by itself. For example, for a certain number A, in the result of multiplying A by itself (A x A), if A x A >= 0, then A is a real number. Here, X >= Y means that X is the same as or greater than Y. Also, an imaginary number may be a number whose result when multiplied by itself is less than 0. That is, an imaginary number may be a negative number (Negative Number) when a number is multiplied by itself. For example, for a certain number B, in the result of multiplying B by itself (B x B), if B x B < 0, then B is an imaginary number. Here, X < Y means that X is less than Y. To distinguish a real number from an imaginary number, j may be attached to the imaginary number. For example, 2j may be an imaginary number. Also, 2j x 2j may be -4.

[0070] The base station device 1 and / or the terminal device 1 may perform channel estimation using a channel model (Channel Model). The base station device 1 and / or the terminal device 1 may assist (Assist) channel estimation using a channel model. The base station device 1 and / or the terminal device 1 may perform positioning using a channel model. The base station device 1 and / or the terminal device 1 may assist positioning using a channel model.

[0071] The base station device 1 and / or the terminal device 1 may perform channel estimation using artificial intelligence and / or machine learning (AI / ML). The base station device 1 and / or the terminal device 1 may assist channel estimation using AI / ML. The base station device 1 and / or the terminal device 1 may perform positioning using AI / ML. The base station device 1 and / or the terminal device 1 may assist positioning using AI / ML.

[0072] The channel model may be created using AI / ML. The channel model may be created using training. Artificial intelligence may be the ability of a device such as the base station device 1 and / or the terminal device 1 to determine and / or analyze a situation by itself. Machine learning may be the ability of the base station device 1 and / or the terminal device 1 to discover patterns in the data collected by the base station device 1 and / or the terminal device 1 based on the data.

[0073] The base station device 1 may instruct the terminal device 1 to train for AI / ML. The base station device 1 may trigger training for AI / ML for the terminal device 1. In this embodiment, instructing training for AI / ML is also defined as instructing training or triggering training.

[0074] The base station device 1 may use a higher layer parameter trainingType to instruct training to the terminal device 1. trainingType may be configured to be aperiodic, semi-persistent, periodic, or instantaneous.

[0075] When the upper layer parameter trainingType is configured as aperiodic, the base station apparatus 1 may trigger training to the terminal apparatus 1 using DCI. When the upper layer parameter trainingType is configured as aperiodic, the base station apparatus 1 may trigger training to the terminal apparatus 1 using a field included in the DCI. When the upper layer parameter trainingType is configured as aperiodic, the terminal apparatus 1 may trigger training to the terminal apparatus 1 using X slot Training may start from slot number X or from slot number configured in the upper layer parameter trainingSlotOffset. slot can be an integer greater than or equal to 0. For example, X slot If is 0, the terminal device 1 may start training from the slot in which the PDCCH including the DCI is received.

[0076] If the upper layer parameter trainingType is configured as aperiodic, the terminal device 1 starts training in X duration Training may be performed between slots. duration can be an integer greater than or equal to 0. For example, X duration If the upper layer parameter trainingType is set to aperiodic, the terminal device 1 may perform training for the number of slots configured in the upper layer parameter trainingDuration. The number of slots may include the slot where training started.

[0077] FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a training method when the upper layer parameter trainingType in this embodiment is configured as aperiodic. The terminal device 1 receives a PDCCH 601 including a DCI 602 from the base station device 1. The DCI 602 has information instructing the start of training. The upper layer parameter trainingType 603 is configured as aperiodic. The upper layer parameter trainingSlotOffset 604 is configured as 2. The upper layer parameter trainingDuration 605 is configured as 4. Since trainingSlotOffset 604 is configured as 2 from the slot Slot#n at which the PDCCH 601 is received, the terminal device 1 may start training in Slot#n+2, which is two slots after the slot. Furthermore, since trainingDuration 605 is configured as 4, training may be performed over four slots. That is, in FIG. 6, the terminal device 1 may perform training from Slot#n+2 to Slot#n+5.

[0078] When the upper layer parameter trainingType is configured as semi-persistent, the base station apparatus 1 may trigger training to the terminal apparatus 1 using DCI. When the upper layer parameter trainingType is configured as semi-persistent, the base station apparatus 1 may trigger training to the terminal apparatus 1 using a field included in the DCI. When the upper layer parameter trainingType is configured as semi-persistent, the terminal apparatus 1 may trigger training to the terminal apparatus 1 using a field included in the DCI. When the upper layer parameter trainingType is configured as semi-persistent, the terminal apparatus 1 may slot Training may start from slot X or from the number of slots configured in the upper layer parameter trainingSlotOffset. slot can be an integer greater than or equal to 0. For example, X slot If is 0, the terminal device 1 may start training from the slot in which the PDCCH including the DCI is received.

[0079] When the upper layer parameter trainingType is configured as semi-persistent, the terminal device 1 may perform training based on the training cycle provided by the upper layer parameter trainingPeriod and the training duration provided by the upper layer parameter trainingDuration. The training cycle may be in slot units, symbol units, or frame units. The training cycle may be a value representing time. The training duration may be in slot units, symbol units, or frame units. The training duration may be a value representing time.

[0080] When the upper layer parameter trainingType is configured as semi-persistent, the base station apparatus 1 may use DCI to indicate to the terminal apparatus 1 the end of training. When the upper layer parameter trainingType is configured as semi-persistent, the base station apparatus 1 may use a field included in the DCI to indicate to the terminal apparatus 1 the end of training. When the upper layer parameter trainingType is configured as semi-persistent, the terminal apparatus 1 may use a field included in the DCI to indicate to the terminal apparatus 1 the end of training. When the upper layer parameter trainingType is configured as semi-persistent, the terminal apparatus 1 may use X slotFinish Training may end after slot X or after the number of slots configured in the upper layer parameter trainingFinishSlotOffset. slotFinish can be an integer greater than or equal to 0. For example, X slotFinish If is 0, the terminal device 1 may end training from the slot in which the PDCCH including the DCI is received.

[0081] FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a training method in the case where the upper layer parameter trainingType in this embodiment is configured as semi-persistent. The terminal device 1 receives a PDCCH 701 including a DCI 702 from the base station device 1. The DCI 702 has information instructing the start of training. The upper layer parameter trainingType 703 is configured as semi-persistent. The upper layer parameter trainingSlotOffset 704 is configured as 1. The upper layer parameter trainingDuration 705 is configured as 1. Since trainingSlotOffset 704 is configured as 1 from the slot Slot#n in which the PDCCH 701 is received, the terminal device 1 may start training in Slot#n+1, which is one slot after. Furthermore, since trainingDuration is configured as 1, training may be performed within one slot during the training period. That is, in FIG. 7, the terminal device 1 may perform training in Slot#n+1. Since the upper layer parameter trainingPeriod 706 is set to 2, the terminal device 1 may perform training in a cycle of two slots based on trainingDuration 705. In other words, the terminal device 1 may perform training in Slot#n+3.

[0082] The terminal device 1 receives PDCCH709 including DCI710 instructing the end of training in Slot#n+4. DCI710 has information instructing the end of training. The upper layer parameter trainingFinishSlotOffset is configured to 1. Since trainingFinishSlotOffset is configured to 1 from slot#n+4 in which the terminal device 1 received PDCCH709, it may finish training in slot#n+5, which is one slot later.

[0083] When the upper layer parameter trainingType is configured as periodic, the terminal device 1 may start training from the time when RRC is connected. When the upper layer parameter trainingType is configured as periodic, the terminal device 1 may start training from the time when RRC is connected. slot Training may start from slot number X or from slot number configured in the upper layer parameter trainingSlotOffset. slot can be an integer greater than or equal to 0. For example, X slot If is 0, the terminal device 1 may start training from the slot when RRC is connected.

[0084] When the upper layer parameter trainingType is configured as periodic, the terminal device 1 may perform training based on a training cycle provided by the upper layer parameter trainingPeriod and a training duration provided by the upper layer parameter trainingDuration. The training cycle may be in slot units, symbol units, or frame units. The training cycle may be a value representing time. The training duration may be in slot units, symbol units, or frame units. The training duration may be a value representing time.

[0085] FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of a training method when the upper layer parameter trainingType in this embodiment is configured as periodic. RRC enters the Connected state at slot #n. The upper layer parameter trainingType 802 is configured as periodic. The upper layer parameter trainingSlotOffset 803 is configured as 1. The upper layer parameter trainingDuration 804 is configured as 1. Since trainingSlotOffset 803 is configured as 1 from the slot Slot #n at which PDCCH 701 is received, the terminal device 1 may start training at slot #n+1, which is one slot after. Furthermore, since trainingDuration 804 is configured as 1, training may be performed within one slot during the training period. In other words, the terminal device 1 may perform training at slot #n+1. Furthermore, since the upper layer parameter trainingPeriod 805 is configured as 2, the terminal device 1 may perform training based on trainingDuration 804, with a period of two slots. 8, the terminal device 1 may perform training in Slot #n+3, Slot #n+5, and Slot #n+2×x1+1. Here, * may be multiplication. x1 may be a value configured in trainingPeriod.

[0086] When the upper layer parameter trainingType is configured as instantaneous, the terminal device 1 may start training based on a trigger counter. That is, when the value of the trigger counter reaches a threshold X threadshold If the X is equal to or greater than the X, the terminal device 1 may start training. threadshold may be an integer greater than 0 or may be given by the upper layer parameter trainingThreshold. The trigger counter may also count from 0. Once training begins, the trigger counter may be reset to 0.

[0087] The trigger counter may be counted based on the number of NACKs that the terminal device 1 transmits to the base station device 1 in a HARQ process related to the PDSCH received by the terminal device 1. The trigger counter may be counted based on the initial transmission and / or retransmission of the PDSCH. The trigger counter may be counted based on an NDI (New Data Indicator). The trigger counter may be counted based on an RV (Redundancy Version).

[0088] For example, when the terminal device 1 fails to decode a certain PDSCH received, the terminal device 1 may generate a NACK in the HARQ process for the PDSCH and increment the value of the trigger counter by 1. For example, when the NDI included in the DCI including the UL Grant indicates a retransmission, the terminal device 1 may increment the value of the trigger counter by 1.

[0089] When the upper layer parameter trainingType is configured as instantaneous, the terminal device 1 may perform training based on a training period provided by the upper layer parameter trainingDuration. The training period may be in slot units, symbol units, or frame units. The training period may be a value representing time. The training period may be in slot units, symbol units, or frame units. The training period may be a value representing time.

[0090] FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of a training method when the upper layer parameter trainingType in this embodiment is configured as instantaneous. The initial value of the trigger counter may be 0. The upper layer parameter trainingType 902 is configured as instantaneous. The upper layer parameter trainingSlotOffset 903 is configured as 1. The upper layer parameter trainingDuration 904 is configured as 5. The upper layer parameter trainingThreshold 905 is configured as 10. When the trigger counter 901 counts and reaches 10, the terminal device 1 may start training from slot #n where the trigger counter 901 reached 10, at slot #n+1, which is one slot after the slot #n, because trainingSlotOffset 903 is configured as 1. When training starts, the trigger counter may be reset to 0. Furthermore, since trainingDuration 904 is configured as 5, training may be performed over a period of five slots. That is, in FIG. 9, the terminal device 1 may perform training from slot #n+1 to slot #n+5.

[0091] As described above, one aspect of the present disclosure can instruct the start and / or end of training between the terminal device 1 and the base station device 1. Accordingly, the terminal device 1 can efficiently perform training.

[0092] Various aspects of the device according to one aspect of this embodiment will be described below.

[0093] (1) In order to achieve the above object, the aspects of the present disclosure employ the following measures: That is, a first aspect of the present disclosure is a terminal device comprising a receiving unit that receives a signal instructing the start of training and a transmitting unit that transmits training data, wherein the signal instructing the start of training includes a training start time and a training cycle, and when the signal instructing the start of training is received, the training data is generated based on the training start time and the training cycle.

[0094] (2) A second aspect of the present disclosure is a base station device comprising a transmitting unit that transmits a signal instructing the start of training and a receiving unit that receives training data, wherein the signal instructing the start of training includes a training start time and a training cycle, and when transmitting the signal instructing the start of training, the base station device instructs the generation of the training data based on the training start time and the training cycle.

[0095] (3) A third aspect of the present disclosure is a communication method used in a terminal device, comprising a processing unit that processes a signal instructing the start of training and a processing unit that processes training data, wherein the signal instructing the start of training includes a start time for training and a training cycle, and when the signal instructing the start of training is received, the training data is generated based on the start time for training and the training cycle.

[0096] (4) A fourth aspect of the present disclosure is a communication method used in a base station device, comprising a processing unit that processes a signal instructing the start of training and a processing unit that processes training data, wherein the signal instructing the start of training includes a training start time and a training cycle, and when transmitting the signal instructing the start of training, the method instructs the generation of the training data based on the training start time and the training cycle.

[0097] The base station device 1 and the program running on the terminal device 1 relating to one aspect of the present disclosure may be a program that controls a CPU (Central Processing Unit) or the like so as to realize the functions of the above-mentioned embodiment relating to one aspect of the present disclosure. [Explanation of symbols]

[0098] 100, 101 Base station equipment 1 102, 103, 104 Terminal device 1 (terminal device 1A, terminal device 1B, terminal device 1C) 200 Upper layer processing unit 201 Baseband processing unit 202 RF section

Claims

1. A terminal device comprising: a receiving unit that receives a signal instructing the start of training; and a transmitting unit that transmits training data; the signal instructing the start of the training includes a training start time and a training cycle; When a signal instructing the start of the training is received, the training data is generated based on the start time of the training and the period during which the training is performed. Terminal device.

2. A base station device comprising: a transmitter that transmits a signal instructing the start of training; and a receiver that receives training data; the signal instructing the start of the training includes a training start time and a training cycle; When transmitting a signal instructing the start of the training, the generation of the training data is instructed based on the start time of the training and the period during which the training is performed. Base station equipment.

3. A communication method used in a terminal device, comprising: a processing unit that processes a signal instructing the start of training; and a processing unit that processes training data; the signal instructing the start of the training includes a training start time and a training cycle; When a signal instructing the start of the training is received, the training data is generated based on the start time of the training and the period during which the training is performed. Communication method.

4. A communication method used in a base station device, comprising: a processing unit that processes a signal instructing the start of training; and a processing unit that processes training data; the signal instructing the start of the training includes a training start time and a training cycle; When transmitting a signal instructing the start of the training, the generation of the training data is instructed based on the start time of the training and the period during which the training is performed. Communication method.

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