Earthquake resistant shelter

Abstract

To provide an earthquake-resistant shelter capable of suppressing narrowing of a living space.SOLUTION: An earthquake-resistant shelter 50 is installed inside an existing building C1 including an existing frame composed of an existing column G1 having a rectangular outer shell of a cross section and an existing girder S1, and includes a plurality of steel columns 10 made of L-shaped steel and fixed to side surfaces of the plurality of existing column C1, and steel beams 20 and steel braces 30 that connect a pair of steel columns 10 erected at intervals.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an earthquake-resistant shelter. [Background technology]

[0002] In existing buildings such as detached houses, various factors are taken into consideration, such as the time of construction (design and construction based on the old earthquake resistance standards) and the degree of deterioration, and earthquake reinforcement is carried out as necessary.However, in the event of a major earthquake, for example, earthquake-resistant shelters may be installed inside existing buildings to ensure the lives of residents and others even if the existing building collapses, and an example of this is proposed in Patent Document 1.

[0003] The earthquake-resistant shelter proposed in Patent Document 1 is an earthquake-resistant shelter that is installed in a room of an existing building, with a foundation that forms a floor truss, columns that form a frame, and girders that form a roof truss, each of which is a framework made up of multiple lightweight steel frames. The foundation of the earthquake-resistant shelter is not fixed to the foundation of the room of the existing building so as not to interfere with the foundation of the room, and is installed so as not to move under the weight of the earthquake-resistant shelter itself. The shelter has a corner post joint consisting of a plate inserted on a horizontal plane between the end face of a corner post located at the corner of the column and the end of the foundation or girder, and a reinforcing plate that fixes the end of the corner post to the end of the foundation or girder on a vertical plane via the plate. The plate has outer vibration dampers at the corners of the corner posts corresponding to the outer wall surfaces of the ends of the two adjacent foundations or girders to secure the foundations or girders, and inner vibration dampers at predetermined locations on the surface that contacts the two adjacent foundations or girders to secure them. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 5475054 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] According to the earthquake-resistant shelter described in Patent Document 1, it can be easily assembled using metal materials in a room inside an existing building, does not interfere with the building, and can retain its shape even if the building itself collapses during an earthquake.

[0006] Incidentally, conventional earthquake-resistant shelters, including the earthquake-resistant shelter described in Patent Document 1, are generally installed with planar dimensions that are significantly smaller than the planar dimensions of the existing building in order to prevent interference between the existing building and the earthquake-resistant shelter installed inside it, which poses the problem of narrow living space in the earthquake-resistant shelter.

[0007] If an existing building were to collapse and only an earthquake-resistant shelter remained, residents would be forced to live inside the shelter for a certain period of time. Therefore, reducing the living space in an earthquake-resistant shelter is a major issue, but no earthquake-resistant shelters that address this issue have been developed to date.

[0008] This will be explained with reference to the schematic diagram shown in Figure 4, which compares the plan dimensions of an existing building and a conventional earthquake shelter.

[0009] In Fig. 4, for simplicity, only the frame on which the earthquake shelter will be installed is extracted from the existing building and simulated in plan view. In Fig. 4, the existing building S1 and its components are shown with a dashed line, and the earthquake shelter E and its components are shown with a solid line.

[0010] The existing building S1 has at least existing columns C1 installed at each corner of the rectangular frame, existing beams G1 connecting a pair of adjacent existing columns C1 at a distance, and braces (not shown) spanning the pair of existing columns C1, and its planar dimension is A1.

[0011] Inside this existing building S1, an earthquake-resistant shelter E is installed, which has steel columns C2 installed at least at each corner of the rectangular frame, steel beams G2 connecting a pair of adjacent steel columns C2 at a distance, and steel braces B2 spanning the pair of steel columns C2, and which has a planar dimension of A2 and an access opening E1. In the illustrated example, a brace R is installed on one of the existing columns C1, and a part of the earthquake-resistant shelter E is connected to the brace R.

[0012] As is clear from Figure 4, there is a large discrepancy between the planar dimensions A1 and A2 of the existing building S1 and the earthquake-resistant shelter E installed within it, and it is easy to see that the living space in the earthquake-resistant shelter E has been significantly reduced.

[0013] The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide an earthquake-resistant shelter that can prevent the living space from becoming narrower. [Means for solving the problem]

[0014] In order to achieve the above object, one aspect of the earthquake-resistant shelter according to the present invention is as follows: An earthquake-resistant shelter to be installed inside an existing building with an existing frame consisting of existing columns and existing beams whose cross-sectional outer shell is rectangular, A plurality of steel columns made of L-shaped steel members fixed to the side surfaces of the plurality of existing columns, respectively; The structure is characterized by having a steel beam and a steel brace that connect a pair of the steel columns that are erected at a distance from each other.

[0015] According to this embodiment, the steel columns that make up the earthquake-resistant shelter are made of L-shaped steel, and multiple steel columns made of L-shaped steel are fixed to the sides of multiple existing columns, and the earthquake-resistant shelter is formed by connecting a pair of steel columns with steel beams and steel braces, which makes it possible to make the planar dimensions of the earthquake-resistant shelter as wide as possible and to prevent the living space of the earthquake-resistant shelter from becoming too narrow.

[0016] For example, if the existing columns of an existing building are wooden timbers or dilapidated light steel square pipes, the two flanges of an L-shaped steel column are fitted into the two perpendicular sides of the timber, etc., and the L-shaped steel material is fixed to the timber, etc.

[0017] Conventional earthquake-resistant shelters are designed based on the concept of having dimensions that allow them to be housed inside the framework of an existing building so as not to interfere with the existing building, but the earthquake-resistant shelter of this embodiment is designed based on the concept of making the planar dimensions of the earthquake-resistant shelter as large as possible by fitting L-shaped steel members, which are steel columns, into the existing columns of the existing building to form an integrated structure and then fixing them to the existing columns. As a result, the existing columns and the L-shaped steel members interfere with each other, but the earthquake-resistant shelter of this embodiment is based on the design concept of using the L-shaped steel members to reinforce the existing columns from the outside, and by increasing the strength of the existing columns, it also has the effect of improving the strength of the existing building.

[0018] Another aspect of the earthquake-resistant shelter according to the present invention is The steel column is fastened to the side of the existing column by a plurality of fasteners spaced apart in the longitudinal direction.

[0019] According to this aspect, the steel column is fastened to the side of the existing column with a plurality of fasteners spaced apart in the longitudinal direction, so that the buckling length of the L-shaped steel member can be adjusted according to the fastener pitch, etc., and buckling of the L-shaped steel member due to vertical load can be suppressed. Here, screws, nails, bolts, lag screws, etc. can be used as fasteners.

[0020] Another aspect of the earthquake-resistant shelter according to the present invention is A feature of this structure is that multiple L-shaped steel members are joined in the vertical direction via steel connecting plates so that the height matches that of the existing columns.

[0021] According to this embodiment, multiple L-shaped steel members are joined in the vertical direction via steel connecting plates so that the height matches that of the existing column, so that a steel column of approximately the same height as existing columns of various heights can be formed using one or two types of standardized L-shaped steel members.

[0022] Another aspect of the earthquake-resistant shelter according to the present invention is The steel brace is characterized in that both ends of the steel brace are directly or indirectly connected to the side surfaces of the parallel flanges of a pair of L-shaped steel members that are erected at an interval.

[0023] According to this aspect, the steel brace can be easily attached to a pair of L-shaped steel materials because both ends of the steel brace are connected to the side surfaces of the parallel flanges of the pair of L-shaped steel materials. Here, there are two types: one in which the ends of the steel brace are directly connected to the side surfaces of the flanges of the L-shaped steel materials, and one in which they are indirectly connected to the side surfaces of the flanges of the L-shaped steel materials via gusset plates or the like.

[0024] Another aspect of the earthquake-resistant shelter according to the present invention is The steel brace is characterized in that both ends of the steel brace are directly or indirectly connected to the side surfaces of the opposing flanges of a pair of L-shaped steel members that are erected at a distance from each other.

[0025] According to this embodiment, since both ends of the steel brace are connected to the sides of the opposing flanges of a pair of L-shaped steel members, the steel brace can be positioned as far outward as possible, making the living space of the earthquake-resistant shelter as large as possible.

[0026] Another aspect of the earthquake-resistant shelter according to the present invention is A beam support member is connected above the flange of the L-shaped steel material, The steel beam is bridged across the beam support members of each of the pair of L-shaped steel members that are erected at a distance from each other.

[0027] According to this aspect, the steel beam is spanned across beam supports connected to the upper portions of the flanges of a pair of L-shaped steel members, thereby improving the ease of attachment of the steel beam to the steel column made of L-shaped steel members.

[0028] Another aspect of the earthquake-resistant shelter according to the present invention is The existing building is an existing wooden frame building, The existing pillar is characterized in that it is an existing square timber.

[0029] According to this embodiment, since the existing building is an existing wooden frame building and the existing columns are existing square timbers, an earthquake-resistant shelter with a large living space can be installed inside the existing wooden frame building while reinforcing the existing columns made of square timbers with L-shaped steel members. [Effects of the Invention]

[0030] As can be understood from the above explanation, the earthquake-resistant shelter of the present invention can prevent the living space from becoming narrower. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0031] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing an earthquake-resistant shelter according to an embodiment installed inside an existing building. [Figure 2] 2 is a view taken in the direction of the arrow II in FIG. 1, and is a side view of a part of a steel column and a steel beam. [Figure 3] This is a perspective view showing an L-shaped steel member fixed to an existing column. [Figure 4] This is a schematic diagram comparing the plan dimensions of an existing building and a conventional earthquake shelter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0032] An example of an earthquake-resistant shelter according to an embodiment will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this specification and drawings, substantially identical components may be designated by the same reference numerals to avoid redundant description.

[0033] [Earthquake-resistant shelter according to the embodiment] An example of an earthquake-resistant shelter according to an embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 3. Here, Figure 1 is a schematic plan view showing a state in which an earthquake-resistant shelter according to an embodiment is installed inside an existing building, and Figure 2 is a view taken in the direction of arrow II in Figure 1, and is a side view of a steel column and a part of a steel beam. Also, Figure 3 is a perspective view showing a state in which an L-shaped steel member is fixed to an existing column.

[0034] The existing building S1 in which the earthquake-resistant shelter 50 shown in Fig. 1 will be installed is a wooden frame building (detached house) and has existing columns C1 made of square timber (wood) with a rectangular cross-sectional outer shell, and existing wooden beams G1 connecting the pair of existing columns C1. Here, Fig. 1 illustrates only the existing frame in which the earthquake-resistant shelter 50 will be installed, extracted from a building having multiple existing rectangular frames in a plan view. The existing building may also be a lightweight steel-frame building or the like that was designed and constructed in accordance with old earthquake resistance standards or the like.

[0035] The earthquake-resistant shelter 50 has a plurality of steel columns 10 made of L-shaped steel material that are fixed to the sides of a plurality of existing columns C1, and steel beams 20 and steel braces 30 that connect a pair of steel columns 10 that are erected at a distance from each other, and has an access opening 51 in part of it.

[0036] The L-shaped steel material forming the steel column 10 may be an angle steel or a prefabricated steel material made by welding two flat steel pieces in a mutually orthogonal position.

[0037] Furthermore, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the length t1 of the L-shaped steel material 10 in the illustrated example is uniformly specified, and by applying multiple (for example, two) L-shaped steel materials 10 in the axial direction of the existing column C1 and connecting them with connecting plates 15, a steel column 10A of an overall length corresponding to existing columns C1 of various heights is formed.

[0038] More specifically, an adjustment gap G is set between the upper and lower L-shaped steel materials 10, and a connecting plate 15 spanning both L-shaped steel materials 10 is connected to both L-shaped steel materials 10 via multiple screws 12 (four in the illustrated example).

[0039] The upper and lower L-shaped steel members 10 are connected by the connecting plate 15 while adjusting the vertical width of the adjustment gap G according to the height of the existing column C1.

[0040] In this way, by connecting steel columns 10 of uniform length t1 in the axial direction of the existing column C1 to form a steel column 10A that matches the overall length of the existing column C1, steel columns 10A that correspond to existing columns C1 of various lengths can be formed at the lowest possible manufacturing cost.

[0041] For example, if the length of the existing column C1 is in the range of approximately 2.2 m to 2.5 m, only one type of L-shaped steel material 10 with a standardized length t1 of 1.0 m is prepared, and by connecting the upper and lower L-shaped steel materials 10 with connecting plates 15 while changing the adjustment gap G, a steel column 10A can be formed that can accommodate changes in the length of the existing column C1.

[0042] 2 and 3, each L-shaped steel member 10 is fixed to the side of the existing column C1 via fasteners 12 such as screws at a predetermined pitch t2. By fixing the L-shaped steel members 10 to the side of the existing column C1 via a plurality of fasteners 12 in this way, the buckling length of the L-shaped steel members 10 can be adjusted according to the pitch of the fasteners 12. Therefore, for L-shaped steel members 10 that are at risk of buckling when a vertical load is applied, buckling of the L-shaped steel members 10 can be suppressed when the existing building S1 collapses during a major earthquake and a vertical load is applied.

[0043] An L-shaped beam support 19 is connected by welding or the like above each flange 11 forming the L-shaped steel material 10, and both ends of a steel beam 20 made of H-shaped steel arranged between a pair of steel columns 10 are placed on the beam support 19 of both steel columns 10 and connected by bolts or welding, thereby connecting the steel columns 10 and the steel beam 20. Here, the steel beam 20 may be formed from other shaped steel materials such as channel steel in addition to the H-shaped steel shown in the illustration.

[0044] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, both ends of the steel brace 30 are connected by bolts or welding to the sides of the parallel flanges 11 of a pair of L-shaped steel members 10 (the flanges 11 facing the interior of the earthquake-resistant shelter 50).

[0045] Here, the steel brace 30 may be connected to the side surface of the other flange 11 of the pair of L-shaped steel members 10 (the flange 11 facing each other).

[0046] In the illustrated connection configuration, the steel brace 30 can be easily attached to the pair of L-shaped steel members 10. On the other hand, in the latter connection configuration, the position of the steel brace 30 is set back toward the outside of the earthquake-resistant shelter 50, making the living space of the earthquake-resistant shelter 50 even larger.

[0047] The side surface of the flange 11 and the end of the steel brace 30 may be directly connected to each other, or may be indirectly connected via a gusset plate or the like.

[0048] As is clear when compared with the conventional earthquake-resistant shelter E shown in Figure 4, according to the earthquake-resistant shelter 50 shown in Figure 1, the steel columns 10 are made of L-shaped steel, and steel columns 10 made of multiple L-shaped steel materials are each fixed to the sides of multiple existing columns C1, and the earthquake-resistant shelter 50 is formed by connecting a pair of steel columns 10 with steel beams 20 and steel braces 30, so that the planar dimension A3 of the earthquake-resistant shelter 50 can be made significantly wider than the planar dimension A2 of the conventional earthquake-resistant shelter E, and the living space of the earthquake-resistant shelter 50 can be prevented from becoming too narrow.

[0049] Furthermore, in the illustrated example of the earthquake-resistant shelter 50, the steel column 10 made of L-shaped steel material is fitted and fixed to the existing column C1 from the outside, so that the existing column C1 can be reinforced from the outside to increase its strength, thereby improving the strength of the existing building S1.

[0050] It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the configurations shown here, and other embodiments may be possible in which other components are combined with the configurations described in the above embodiments. In this regard, the present invention can be modified within the scope of the present invention, and can be appropriately determined depending on the application form. [Explanation of symbols]

[0051] 10: Steel column (L-shaped steel) 10A: Steel column 11: Flange 15: Connecting plate 18: Fastener (screw) 19: Beam support material 20: Steel beam 30: Steel brace 50: Earthquake-resistant shelter 51: Entrance / exit opening S1: Existing building C1: Existing column G1: Existing beam A3: Plan view dimensions G: Adjustment gap

Claims

1. An earthquake-resistant shelter to be installed inside an existing building with an existing frame consisting of existing columns and existing beams whose cross-sectional outer shell is rectangular, A plurality of steel columns made of L-shaped steel members fixed to the side surfaces of the plurality of existing columns, respectively; An earthquake-resistant shelter characterized by having a pair of steel columns erected at a distance from each other and steel beams and steel braces connecting the steel columns.

2. 2. The earthquake-resistant shelter according to claim 1, wherein the steel column is fastened to the side of the existing column by a plurality of fasteners spaced apart in the longitudinal direction thereof.

3. An earthquake-resistant shelter as described in claim 1, characterized in that multiple L-shaped steel members are joined in the vertical direction via steel connecting plates so that their height matches the height of the existing columns.

4. 2. An earthquake-resistant shelter as described in claim 1, characterized in that both ends of the steel brace are directly or indirectly connected to the side surfaces of the parallel flanges of a pair of the L-shaped steel members that are erected at a distance from each other.

5. 2. An earthquake-resistant shelter as described in claim 1, characterized in that both ends of the steel brace are directly or indirectly connected to the side surfaces of the opposing flanges of a pair of L-shaped steel members that are erected at a distance from each other.

6. A beam support member is connected above the flange of the L-shaped steel material, 2. The earthquake-resistant shelter according to claim 1, wherein the steel beam is spanned across the beam support members of each of the pair of L-shaped steel members erected at a distance from each other.

7. The existing building is an existing wooden frame building, The earthquake-resistant shelter according to claim 1, wherein the existing pillars are existing square timbers.

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