Drilling and loading system and method

Abstract

To provide a drilling and loading system and a drilling and loading method capable of eliminating the need of controlling a boom so as to precisely position a loading pipe for loading an object to be loaded including an explosive to a charge hole.SOLUTION: A drilling and charging system 100 for drilling a charge hole H in a working face K and charging a charged object P into the charge hole H includes a guide shell 32 having a fixed fulcrum 32a for pressing the working face K, a drifter 33 to which a drilling rod 34 is attached, a centralizer 35 having a through hole 35a through which the drilling rod 34 passes, a pipe unit 50 including a pipe collar 51 and a charging pipe 55, and feeders 40 for feeding the charging pipe 55 from the pipe collar 51. In a state that the fixed fulcrum 32a is fixed to the working face K, the drilling rod 34 drills the charge hole H, the drilling rod 34 is pulled back and pushed aside, and the charging pipe 55 fed out by the feeders 40 forms a charging attitude of the charged object P.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a drill hole loading system and a drill hole loading method. [Background technology]

[0002] In the construction of mountain tunnels by blasting, workers work in close proximity to the tunnel face to load explosives, including explosives and fillers (such as clay), into the explosive holes drilled in the tunnel face. This poses a major challenge to safety in terms of preventing the collapse of the tunnel face due to falling rocks and falling rocks. Furthermore, the task of loading explosives into the explosive holes involves repeated, simple steps of inserting the explosive material into the hole and poking it with a loading rod, making it a demanding and difficult task in terms of both the working environment and posture. As the frontal view of the tunnel face becomes larger and the number of explosive holes increases, issues such as a decrease in work safety, increased work discomfort, and prolonged loading times become even more pronounced. For the above reasons, there is a demand for a loading system that can achieve high work safety, less work discomfort, and efficient loading work when loading explosives or other materials into a charge hole drilled in the face.

[0003] Patent Document 1 proposes an automatic explosive loading device for loading parent dynamite and additional dynamite to increase explosive power into a blast hole. This automatic explosive loading device includes a base, a loading pipe mounted on the base so as to be able to move back and forth in the loading direction of the explosive, a parent die supply mechanism mounted on the base in front of the loading pipe and capable of supplying parent dynamite coaxially with the loading pipe, a loading hose connected to and communicating with the rear of the loading pipe, and an explosive loading mechanism connected to the loading hose and pressure-feeding the additional dynamite through the inside of the loading hose and the loading pipe, and the parent dynamite can be inserted into the tip of the loading pipe. The traveling carriage is equipped with a drilling boom that rotatably supports the rock drilling machine, and a platform boom that rotatably supports a work platform on which workers can ride, and parent dynamite, etc. is inserted into the blast hole using a loading pipe on the work platform. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-25972 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] According to the automatic explosives loading device described in Patent Document 1, parent dynamite and additional dynamite can be loaded into a blast hole by remote control, which increases work safety and reduces the laboriousness of the work. In the automatic explosives loading device described in Patent Document 1, the drilling boom that creates the blast holes and the base boom that loads the blast holes with parent dynamite or the like are separate booms, so after creating the blast holes with the drilling boom, it is necessary to retract the drilling boom and use the base boom to align the loading pipe with the blast holes. At this time, it is necessary to precisely control the base boom so that the loading pipe is aligned with the blast holes, but such precise boom control is difficult and it takes time to align the loading pipe with the charge holes.

[0006] The present invention aims to provide a drilling loading system and a drilling loading method that eliminate the need to precisely align a loading pipe, which loads a charge containing an explosive, with the charge hole. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, one aspect of the drilling and loading system according to the present invention comprises: A drilling and loading system for drilling a charge hole in a tunnel face and loading a charge containing at least an explosive into the charge hole, a guide shell having a fixed fulcrum that presses against the face; a drifter that is slidably attached to the guide shell and has a drilling rod attached to its tip; a centralizer attached to a fixed support point side of the guide shell and having a through hole through which the drilling rod passes; a pipe unit including a pipe collar and a loading pipe that is inserted into the pipe collar and has a tip that protrudes from the pipe collar and loads the object to be loaded; a feeder that feeds the loading pipe from the pipe collar; With the fixed fulcrum of the guide shell fixed to the working face, the boring rod penetrates the through hole to drill the charge hole, the boring rod is pulled back through the through hole and pushed aside, and the loading pipe sent out by the feeder penetrates the through hole to form a loading posture for the material to be loaded.

[0008] According to this aspect, the drilling rod for drilling the explosive hole is slidably attached to a guide shell fixed to the working face via a fixed fulcrum, and the pipe unit for loading the explosive material into the explosive hole is attached so as to push the drilling rod aside and align it, thereby eliminating the need for precise alignment of the loading pipe with the explosive hole to load the explosive hole.

[0009] Here, the explosive contained in the charge loaded into the charge hole may be in the form of a combination of a parent die (including explosive and detonator) and an additional die, or may be in the form of only an additional die. In addition, the drilling rod may be pushed sideways by the pipe unit (or its pipe collar) when the pipe unit is aligned with the guide shell, or by manual pushing.

[0010] Furthermore, by forming a pipe unit from a loading pipe through which the material passes when being loaded into the charging hole, and a pipe collar surrounding the loading pipe, it becomes possible to slide the loading pipe relative to the pipe collar, while also allowing the loading pipe to extend from the pipe collar and align the tip of the loading pipe at a predetermined position in the charging hole.

[0011] The drilling and loading system of this aspect may be in a form including a drilling machine including a carriage, a boom rotatably attached to the carriage, and a guide shell attached to the tip of the boom. In this way, by using a drilling machine equipped with the drilling and loading system, the boom is moved and extended while aligning the guide shell attached to the boom at a predetermined position on the face to drill a charge hole, and then loading the charge into the charge hole while maintaining the tip of the guide shell in a fixed position on the face, thereby realizing remote work at a position away from the face and eliminating the need for workers to work close to the face, thereby improving work safety and eliminating the burden of work.

[0012] In another aspect of the drilling loading system according to the present invention, The feeder is formed by a pair of rotating rollers that sandwich the loading pipe, one of the rotating rollers being a movable roller that can slide freely to the side that fastens the loading pipe and the opposite side, and the other rotating roller being a non-movable roller that does not slide.

[0013] According to this aspect, the feeder is formed by a pair of rotating rollers that clamp the loading pipe, one of which is a movable roller that can slide freely to the side that tightens the loading pipe and the opposite side, and the other is a non-movable roller that does not slide, so that the movable roller can slide depending on the state of the loading pipe and clamp the loading pipe with a clamping force that is suitable for feeding and pulling back.

[0014] In another aspect of the drilling loading system according to the present invention, The feeder is characterized by including a clamping force adjusting means for freely adjusting the clamping force when the pair of rotating rollers clamp the loading pipe.

[0015] According to this aspect, the feeder is provided with a clamping force adjustment means that can freely adjust the clamping force when clamping the loading pipe, so that the movable roller can be slid using the clamping force adjustment means depending on the state of the loading pipe, and the loading pipe can be clamped with a clamping force that is appropriate for feeding and retracting.

[0016] In another aspect of the drilling loading system according to the present invention, A rotary encoder is attached to the movable roller, and the feed amount of the loading pipe is measured by the rotary encoder.

[0017] According to this aspect, a rotary encoder is attached to the movable roller, and the amount of loading pipe fed out is measured by the rotary encoder. Although the loading pipe may slip during the feeding process, the amount of loading pipe fed out can be precisely determined regardless of whether or not such slippage occurs, and the loading pipe can be inserted into the specified position in the loading hole.

[0018] Furthermore, one aspect of the drilling and loading method according to the present invention is to A drilling and loading method for drilling a charge hole in a tunnel face and loading a charge containing at least an explosive into the charge hole, A trolley and a boom rotatably attached to the carriage; a guide shell attached to the tip of the boom and having a fixed fulcrum that presses against the working face; a drifter that is slidably attached to the guide shell and has a drilling rod attached to its tip; a centralizer attached to a fixed support point side of the guide shell and having a through hole through which the drilling rod passes; a pipe unit including a pipe collar and a loading pipe that is inserted into the pipe collar and has a tip that protrudes from the pipe collar and loads the object to be loaded; a feeder that feeds the loading pipe from the pipe collar, After the fixed fulcrum of the guide shell is fixed to the face, the drilling rod is used to drill the charging hole, the drilling rod is pulled back through the through hole, the pipe unit pushes the drilling rod to the side, the feeder sends out the loading pipe to pass through the through hole, and the material to be charged is loaded into the charging hole.

[0019] According to this aspect, after the fixed support of the guide shell is fixed to the face, the charge hole is drilled with the drilling rod, and for example, by using the pipe unit to push the drilling rod to the side and align the axis of the pipe unit with the through hole of the centralizer attached to the guide shell, the axis of the loading pipe of the pipe unit can be aligned with the axis of the charge hole via the through hole. This makes it unnecessary to precisely align the loading pipe with the charge hole to load the charge material after the charge hole has been drilled with the drilling rod. [Effects of the Invention]

[0020] The drilling and loading system and drilling and loading method of the present invention eliminate the need to precisely align the loading pipe, which loads the explosive-containing charge, with the charge hole. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0021] [Figure 1] 1 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of an example of a drilling machine equipped with a drilling and loading system according to an embodiment. FIG. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an example of a drilling and loading system according to an embodiment, illustrating the state during drilling. [Figure 3] 3 is a view taken along the arrow III in FIG. 2, and is a side view of an example of a drilling and loading system during drilling. [Figure 4] 4 is a view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. 3, and is a front view showing a state in which the drilling rod is housed in the second through-hole of the second centralizer and the gripper is chucked onto the pipe unit and is on standby. [Figure 5]A front view showing the gripper rotating and the pipe unit pushing the drilling rod to the side. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an example of an embodiment of a drilling and loading system, illustrating a state during loading. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the state before assembly of the half-split type first centralizer (rod chuck) and the holding guide. [Figure 8] This is a side view of the drilling rod protruding from the first centralizer. [Figure 9] 9 is a view of the state of FIG. 8 as seen from the rear side of the holding guide. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a side view showing the loading pipe protruding from the first centralizer. [Figure 11] FIG. 2 is an enlarged side view of an example of a feeder. [Figure 12] A plan view showing an example of a drilling loading system according to an embodiment, illustrating the addition of a drilling rod. [Figure 13] 13 is a view taken in the direction of the arrow XIII in FIG. 12. [Figure 14] This is a view taken along the arrows XIV-XIV in Figure 12, and is a front view showing the state in which a drilling rod is housed in the third through hole of the third centralizer and the gripper is chucked and waiting to add a drilling rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0022] Hereinafter, a drilling and loading system and a drilling and loading method according to an embodiment will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this specification and the drawings, substantially identical components are designated by the same reference numerals, and redundant description may be omitted.

[0023] [Drilling and Loading System and Drilling and Loading Method According to the Embodiment] An example of a drilling and loading system and a drilling and loading method according to an embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 14. Here, Figure 1 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of an example of a drilling machine equipped with a drilling and loading system according to an embodiment, and Figure 2 is a plan view showing an example of a drilling and loading system according to an embodiment, illustrating the state during drilling.

[0024] The drilling and loading system 100 is a system that drills a charge hole H in a face K created in the process of constructing a mountain tunnel by drilling bedrock G through blasting, and loads a charge material P containing at least an explosive into the charge hole H, and is mounted on a drilling machine 80 equipped with multiple booms 20, 30.

[0025] Figure 1 shows a situation where a drilling machine 80 equipped with a drilling and loading system 100 is positioned on the tunnel entrance side of a face K, which is constructed in the process of constructing a mountain tunnel by drilling bedrock G through blasting, and a loading material P is being loaded into one charging hole H.

[0026] The drilling machine 80 has a carriage 10 and a plurality of booms 20, 30 attached to the carriage 10 so as to be able to rotate and rise and fall freely (in the X1 direction and the X3 direction). These booms 20, 30 may further be able to rotate left and right relative to the front of the working face K. Here, although not shown in the figures, the drilling and loading system 100 may be mounted on a transport vehicle in addition to the carriage 10 constituting the drilling machine 80.

[0027] As shown in Figure 2, the drilling loading system 100 mounted on the drilling machine 80 comprises a guide shell 32 attached to the tip of the boom 30, a drifter 33 slidably mounted on the guide shell 32 and having a drilling rod 34 attached to its tip, a first centralizer (rod chuck) 35 attached to the guide shell 32 and chucks the drilling rod 34 while it is inserted through the guide shell 32, a pipe unit 50 formed by a pipe collar 51 and a loading pipe 55 that loads the material P to be loaded into the charging hole H, a feeder 40 that sends out the loading pipe 55 from the pipe collar 51, and a gripper 42 fixed to the guide shell 32 and rotates the pipe unit 50 while chucking the pipe collar 51.

[0028] In Figure 1, the loading pipe 55 is completely exposed, but in reality, as shown in Figure 2, a pipe collar 51 is attached around the loading pipe 55, and the pipe collar 51 and the loading pipe 55 form a pipe unit 50.

[0029] A supply device 60 that stores and supplies the material P to be charged is mounted on the rear of the bogie 10, and is equipped with a first supply pipe 53A and a second supply pipe 53B that serve as a path for sending the material P supplied from the supply device 60 forward, a loading pipe 55 that is connected to the second supply pipe 53B and extends to the charging hole H, and delivery devices 65, 68 that send the material P supplied to the first supply pipe 53A to the charging hole H. Although not shown, the supply device 60 may be mounted on various vehicles other than the bogie 10 shown in the illustration.

[0030] The carriage 10 has an operator cabin 12, which houses a control device 70 that controls the operation of each boom 20, 30 and controls the supply device 60 that supplies the material P, the discharge devices 65, 68, etc.

[0031] One of the booms 20 attached to the cart 10 is a cage boom that has a man cage 22 at its tip that can rotate freely and can also extend and retract in the axial direction X4.The man cage 22 can always maintain a horizontal position in response to the rise and fall of the cage boom 20 in the X3 direction, allowing a worker on board the man cage 22 to perform various tasks and give instructions to the operator.

[0032] On the other hand, the other boom 30 attached to the carriage 10 is a work boom that performs both drilling of the charge hole H and loading of the charge material P into the charge hole H, and is extendable and retractable in the axial direction X2, and is provided with a guide shell 32 at its tip.

[0033] In the illustrated example, three supply devices 60A to 60C are arranged in parallel in series above and along the first supply pipe 53A at the rear of the carriage 10. The charged material P includes at least an explosive, and is available in two types: one containing only explosive, and the other containing both explosive and filler (clay (filler) having a cross-sectional dimension that blocks the charge hole H).

[0034] Here, three supply devices 60A to 60C may be configured to supply a main die, an additional die, and a charge to the first supply pipe 53A, respectively. The charge P includes, for example, a cartridge-type water-containing explosive having a cartridge diameter of approximately 25 mm to 30 mm and a length of approximately 200 mm, and a detonator. Here, the illustrated example is a configuration including three supply devices 60A to 60C, but the number of supply devices may be a number other than that shown in the illustration, such as four or more, one, two, etc.

[0035] The plurality of supply devices 60A, 60B, 60C arranged in series supply the materials P to be loaded into the plurality of charging holes H to the first supply pipe 53A in the Y1 to Y3 directions, respectively.

[0036] For example, the loaded material P is supplied from supply device 60A, and when the loaded material P contained in supply device 60A falls into first supply pipe 53A, the loaded material P is then supplied from supply device 60B, and when the loaded material P contained in supply device 60B falls into first supply pipe 53A, the loaded material P is finally supplied from supply device 60C.

[0037] A drive command signal is sent from the control device 70 to the supply device 60, and the supply device 60 is driven to supply the material P to the first supply pipe 53A. The first supply pipe 53A is connected to the second supply pipe 53B via a ball valve 54. Here, the first supply pipe 53A and the second supply pipe 53B are formed from a relatively rigid steel pipe, hard resin, or the like.

[0038] The material P supplied to the first supply pipe 53A is sent out by the first sending device 65 via the ball valve 54 to a midpoint of the second supply pipe 53B.

[0039] The first sending-out device 65 is a first pressure feeder formed by a compressor, and the load material P is pressure-fed by compressed air supplied from the first pressure feeder 65 to the first supply pipe 53A. Note that the first sending-out device 65 may be configured by a unit (not shown) formed by a cylinder mechanism and a pushing rod that reciprocates in the first supply pipe 53A by the cylinder mechanism, in addition to the compressor shown in the figure.

[0040] After the object P is supplied to the first supply pipe 53A, a drive command signal is sent from the control device 70 to the first delivery device 65, and the object P is delivered to a midpoint of the second supply pipe 53B by driving the first delivery device 65. The object P that has passed through the ball valve 54 and delivered to a midpoint of the second supply pipe 53B is stopped at this midpoint, and is prevented by the ball valve 54 from returning (reverse running) to the first supply pipe 53A.

[0041] Ball valve 54 is a control valve having a rotor with a through hole (not shown), and when a drive command signal is sent from control device 70 after the material P to be loaded has been fed to a midway position of second supply pipe 53B, the rotor rotates to release the communication state between first supply pipe 53A and second supply pipe 53B, and the valve is controlled to close. Note that the control valve may be a check valve whose opening is freely adjustable or a valve with a hinge structure that automatically closes after the material P to be loaded has been fed, in addition to the ball valve shown in the figure.

[0042] After controlling the ball valve 54 to be closed, a drive command signal is sent from the control device 70 to the second delivery device 68 connected to the second supply pipe 53B, and the second delivery device 68 is driven to continuously deliver the material P to the second supply pipe 53B and the loading pipe 55 in the Y8 and Y9 directions, and then the material P is loaded into the loading hole H.

[0043] Here, like the first feeding device 65, the second feeding device 68 is also a second compression machine formed by a compressor. A flow path that communicates the second compression machine 68 and the second supply pipe 53B is connected to a flow path that leads to a water tank 69, and lubricating water supplied in the Y6 direction from the water tank 69 is supplied to the second supply pipe 53B by compressed air that is pressure-fed from the second feeding device 68 in the Y7 direction, and the charged material P and the lubricating water are pressure-fed to the charging hole H by the pressure air.

[0044] 2-14, the drilling and loading system 100 will now be described in detail.

[0045] Here, Fig. 3 is a view taken along the arrow III in Fig. 2, showing a side view of an example of a drilling and loading system during drilling, Fig. 4 is a view taken along the arrow IV-IV in Fig. 3, showing a state in which a drilling rod is housed in the second through-hole of the second centralizer and the gripper is chucked and waiting to chuck the pipe unit, Fig. 5 is a front view showing a state in which the gripper has rotated and the pipe unit is pushing the drilling rod to the side, and Fig. 6 is a plan view showing an example of a drilling and loading system according to an embodiment, showing a state during charging. In addition, Figure 7 is a diagram showing the state before assembly of the half-type first centralizer (rod chuck) and holding guide, Figure 8 is a side view of the state with the drilling rod protruding from the first centralizer, Figure 9 is a side view of the state in Figure 8 from the back side of the holding guide, Figure 10 is a side view of the state with the loading pipe protruding from the first centralizer, and Figure 11 is an enlarged side view of an example of a feeder. Furthermore, Fig. 12 is a plan view showing an example of a drilling loading system according to an embodiment, and is a view illustrating the addition of a drilling rod. Fig. 13 is a view seen from the direction of arrow XIII in Fig. 12, and Fig. 14 is a view seen from the direction of arrow XIV-XIV in Fig. 12, and is a front view showing a state in which a drilling rod is housed in the third through-hole of the third centralizer and the gripper is chucked and waiting for the addition of the drilling rod.

[0046] As shown in Figure 2, the carriage side of the guide shell 32 is equipped with a drifter 33 that rotates the drilling rod 34 and a feeder 40 that feeds out a flexible loading pipe 55. Meanwhile, the tip of the guide shell 32 on the face side is provided with a fixed fulcrum 32a for fixing the guide shell 32 in a predetermined position on the face K during the series of drilling and loading operations, which involve drilling a charge hole H at the face K and then loading the charge material P into the charge hole H.

[0047] In addition, a first centralizer 35 (an example of a centralizer) having a first through hole 35a through which the drilling rod 34 and the loading pipe 55 are inserted is attached behind the fixed fulcrum 32a on the tip side of the guide shell 32.The first centralizer 35 not only has the function of aligning the axes of the drilling rod 34 and the loading pipe 55 with the axis of the charge hole H by passing them through the first through hole 35a, but also functions as a rod chuck that chucks the drilling rod 34, etc. that pass through the first through hole 35a.

[0048] In addition, a second centralizer 37 (another example of a centralizer) having a second through hole 37a (see Figure 4) through which the drilling rod 34 passes is attached to the guide shell 32 at a position midway along the longitudinal direction of the guide shell 32 so as to be freely rotatable relative to the guide shell 32.

[0049] Furthermore, as will be explained below, when drilling a long hole, the second centralizer 37 is removed from the guide shell 32, and a third centralizer 39 (see Figures 12 and 13), which is different from the second centralizer 37, is attached to the guide shell 32 at the attachment position of the second centralizer 37.

[0050] Furthermore, grippers 42 are rotatably attached to two locations on the guide shell 32, sandwiching the second centralizer 37, to grasp the pipe unit 50 as shown in Figure 2 or the extension drilling rod 34B as shown in Figure 12, and move them to the center position of the guide shell 32 by rotating them.

[0051] The pipe unit 50 has a pipe collar 51 and a loading pipe 55 inserted into the pipe collar 51. The pipe collar 51 is formed of an S-shaped pipe having two straight portions 51a and 51b and a bent portion 51c therebetween, and for example, the straight portion 51a and the bent portion 51c may be swivel pipes.

[0052] The pipe collar 51 is rotated by the grippers 42 while being directly chucked by the two grippers 42, and is therefore made of a relatively rigid steel pipe, hard resin, or the like.

[0053] On the other hand, as shown in Figure 6, the loading pipe 55 is a pipe that is unwound from the feeder 40 in the Z8 direction, passes through the inside of the pipe collar 51, and its tip extends from the pipe collar 51 and is inserted into the charging hole H, and is formed, for example, from a flexible hose and a tip steel pipe with a smaller diameter than the hose.

[0054] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the rear end of the drilling rod 34 is attached to the tip of the drifter 33, which is slidably attached to the guide shell 32, and the drilling rod 34 is aligned along the longitudinal direction of the guide shell 32 while passing through the second through hole 37a of the second centralizer 37 and then through the first through hole 35a of the first centralizer 35.

[0055] After the guide shell 32 is aligned by fixing the fixed fulcrum 32a at a predetermined position on the face K, the drifter 33 rotates while sliding in the Z1 direction toward the face, causing the drilling rod 34 to protrude in the Z2 direction from the first centralizer 35 toward the face K and perform drilling on the face K.

[0056] As shown in FIG. 4, the second centralizer 37 has a support piece 38b at one end 38ab of a V-shaped connecting piece 38a when viewed from the front, and a counterweight 38c at the other end 38ac, and the V-shaped bent portion 38aa of the connecting piece 38a is rotatably attached to the guide shell 32 via a pivot shaft 38d.

[0057] More specifically, as shown in Figure 5, when the gripper 42 holding the pipe unit 50 rotates counterclockwise in the Z5 direction via the pivot shaft 43 and pushes the drilling rod 34 to the side in the Z7 direction with the pipe unit 50, the second centralizer 37 is attached to the guide shell 32 so as to be freely rotatable in the Z6 direction to the side that is pushed aside.

[0058] Here, since the second centralizer 37 has a counterweight 38c, when the gripper 42 rotates and the sideward pushing of the second centralizer 37 by the pipe unit 50 is released, the second centralizer 37 can rotate and quickly return to its original position.

[0059] In this way, the second centralizer 37 rotates and moves sideways relative to the guide shell 32, while the third centralizer 39 (see Figures 12 and 13) attached to the guide shell 32 in place of the second centralizer 37 is fixed to the guide shell 32 (fixed so that it cannot rotate).

[0060] The third centralizer 39 has a C-shape when viewed from the front (see Figure 14), with the third through hole 39a connected to an opening 39b facing the outside, and the drilling rods 34A, 34B, which are connected to each other when drilling long holes, enter the third through hole 39a.

[0061] 4, the support piece 38b of the second centralizer 37 has a substantially O-shape in front view, and is provided with a second through-hole 37a inside thereof. Here, the shape of the support piece 38b in front view may be O-shaped.

[0062] In this way, by passing the drilling rod 34 through the second through hole 37a inside the support piece 38b, which has an approximately O-shaped or O-shaped shape when viewed from the front, the drilling rod 34 is prevented from falling off the support piece 38b even when the guide shell 32 is rotated to various angles, and by inserting the drilling rod 34 through the second through hole 37a, misalignment of the axis of the drilling rod 34 can be suppressed.

[0063] Furthermore, because the shape of the support piece 38b in a front view is approximately O-shaped or O-shaped, the area where the pipe unit 50 abuts against the support piece 38b is increased, making it easier to rotate the second centralizer 37 sideways with the pipe unit 50 and easily push the drilling rod 34 sideways. For example, if the second through hole 37a has a C-shape in a front view like the third through hole 39a, the presence of the opening reduces the area where the pipe unit 50 abuts.

[0064] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 3, when the tip of a drilling rod 34 with a total length t1 is pressed against the face to drill a hole, even if the drilling rod 34 attempts to buckle due to the compressive force (axial force) acting on the drilling rod 34, the buckling length of the drilling rod 34 can be set to t2 or t3, which is shorter than the total length t1, and buckling deformation of the drilling rod 34 during drilling can be effectively suppressed.

[0065] As described above, when drilling long holes, the third centralizer 39 is attached to the guide shell 32 instead of the second centralizer 37, as shown in Figures 12 and 13, and the intermediate positions of the drilling rods 34A, 34B are inserted into the third through-hole 39a via the opening 39b of the third centralizer 39, as shown in Figure 14, thereby supporting the intermediate positions of the drilling rods 34A, 34B.

[0066] In this way, by inserting the extension drilling rod 34B (or a separate drilling rod not shown) into the third through hole 39a, the extension drilling rod 34B is held on the left and right sides by the two grippers 42, and one point between them is supported by the third through hole 39a of the third centralizer 39, resulting in a three-point support state, whereby the front and rear ends of the drilling rod 34B can be aligned in a stable state to positions where they can be automatically connected to the rear end of the drilling rod 34A and the front end of the drifter 33, respectively.

[0067] Furthermore, when inserting the extension drilling rod 34B into the third through hole 39a of the third centralizer 39 to drill a long hole, a compressive force (axial force) acts on the extension drilling rod 34B, etc., causing it to buckle. However, as in the case of the second centralizer 37 described above, by making the buckling length of the drilling rod (extension drilling rod) shorter than the total length, a similar effect can be achieved, in which buckling deformation of the drilling rod during drilling can be suppressed.

[0068] In Figure 14, a first spacer 44 is attached to the gripper 42 that grips the extension drilling rod 34B. The gripper 42 has a case that grips the extension drilling rod 34B used when drilling long holes, and, as already explained, a case that grips the pipe unit 50. Since the gripper 42 is manufactured to a size that allows it to grip a pipe unit 50 with a larger diameter than the extension drilling rod 34B, the first spacer 44 is attached to the gripper 42 when gripping the extension drilling rod 34B.

[0069] After drilling a predetermined length of charge hole H in the working face K in the manner described above, the drifter 33 is slid along the guide shell 32 toward the carriage to remove the drilling rod 34 from the charge hole H, and the tip of the drilling rod 34 is pulled back toward the carriage through the first through hole 35a.

[0070] Next, when loading the material P into the charging hole H, as already explained with reference to Figure 5, the gripper 42 holding the pipe unit 50 is rotated and the pipe unit 50 pushes the drilling rod 34 to the side, thereby aligning the pipe unit 50 with the center position of the guide shell 32 where the drilling rod 34 was previously located, as shown in Figure 6, and the axis of the loading pipe 55 is aligned with the center of the first through hole 35a and the axis of the charging hole H.

[0071] The drilling rod 34, which has been pushed sideways in the Z7 direction in this manner, has its tip housed in a holding guide 36 located behind the first centralizer 35, and therefore the pushed-away drilling rod 34 can maintain its position within a certain range in the guide shell 32.

[0072] Here, as shown in Figure 7, the first centralizer 35 has a pair of half chucks 35A, with a first through hole 35a formed between them, and serves as a rod chuck that chucks a drilling rod 34 or the like that passes through the first through hole 35a.

[0073] A half holding guide 36A forming the holding guide 36 is attached to each of the pair of half chucks 35A (manufactured integrally).

[0074] The pair of half chucks 35A and the pair of half holding guides 36A provided thereon are welded together to form the first centralizer 35 having the holding guide 36 at the rear.

[0075] As shown in Figures 7 to 10, the holding guide 36 is a hood that surrounds the tip of the drilling rod 34, and the tip surface of the hood 36 is a tapered surface 36a that slopes toward the side where the drilling rod 34 is pushed aside.

[0076] In addition, the outer shape of the hood 36 is elongated sideways so that the drilling rod 34 is pushed aside by the pipe collar 51 when the pipe unit 50 is rotated by the gripper 42 .

[0077] In this way, because the holding guide 36 is a hood that surrounds the tip of the drilling rod 34, the tip of the drilling rod 34, which has been pushed to the side as shown in Figure 10, can be stored inside the hood 36 without falling off, regardless of the attitude of the guide shell 32 to which the first centralizer 35 equipped with the holding guide 36 is attached.

[0078] Furthermore, since the tip surface 36a of the hood 36 is a tapered surface 36a that slopes toward the side to which the drilling rod 34 is to be pushed, the tip of the drilling rod 34 can be slid along the tapered surface 36a, as shown in Figure 10, and the drilling rod 34 can be guided toward the specified side to be pushed away.

[0079] Furthermore, since the outer shape of the hood 36 is elongated toward the side where the drilling rod 34 is pushed aside by the pipe collar 51 when the pipe unit 50 is rotated by the gripper 42, smooth lateral movement of the drilling rod 34 pushed aside by the gripper 42 can be achieved.

[0080] By the pushed-aside drilling rod 34 maintaining its posture within a certain range, after the loading of the material P to be charged into the charge hole H is completed, when, for example, a separate charge hole H is drilled in the face K, when the gripper 42 rotates clockwise, opposite the Z5 direction shown in Figure 5, and the pipe unit 50 is retracted, the drilling rod 34 can be quickly returned to its original drilling position (the center position of the guide shell 32).

[0081] As shown in Figure 6, the drilling rod 34 is pushed to the side and the pipe unit 50 is aligned at the position where the drilling rod 34 was previously located.Then, the feeder 40 sends out the loading pipe 55 in the Z8 direction, causing the loading pipe 55 to protrude in the Z9 direction toward the face side through the first through hole 35a of the first centralizer 35 and be inserted into the charging hole H.

[0082] As shown in FIG. 11, the feeder 40 is formed by a pair of rotating rollers 40A and 40B that sandwich the loading pipe 55 therebetween.

[0083] More specifically, the two upper rotating rollers 40B are movable rollers that can slide in the Z10 direction from the side where the loading pipe 55 is tightened to the opposite side, while the two lower rotating rollers 40A are non-moving rollers that do not slide. Here, the movable rollers and non-moving rollers may be configured upside down. Also, while the illustrated example shows a configuration in which two rotating rollers are arranged on the top and bottom, a configuration in which one rotating roller is arranged on the top and bottom, or a configuration in which three or more rotating rollers are arranged on the top and bottom, may also be used.

[0084] The feeder 40 further includes a clamping force adjusting means 40C that can adjust the clamping force when the upper and lower movable rollers 40B and the non-movable rollers 40A clamp the loading pipe 55. Here, the clamping force adjusting means 40C in the illustrated example is in a form that adjusts the clamping force with a bolt, but other than the illustrated example, it may be in a form that adjusts the clamping force with a hydraulic cylinder, a spring, or the like.

[0085] If the loading pipe 55 is made of, for example, a conductive rubber hose, the loading pipe 55 may expand or contract depending on the outside temperature, etc., causing changes in its diameter, hardness, or other conditions. Therefore, by adjusting the clamping force of the loading pipe 55 by the upper and lower movable rollers 40B and the non-moving roller 40A each time using the clamping force adjustment means 40C, the friction between the loading pipe 55 and the upper and lower rotating rollers 40A, 40B when the loading pipe 55 is being fed out or taken up can be adjusted to a state where smooth feeding, etc. is possible.

[0086] In addition, adjustment by the tightening force adjustment means 40C allows the loading pipe 55 to slip when the frictional force between the loading pipe 55 and the upper and lower rotating rollers 40A, 40B exceeds a predetermined frictional force. For example, if the loading pipe 55 is continuously fed out and comes into contact with the back side of the powder hole H, and the loading pipe 55 is further fed out in this state, the frictional force between the upper and lower rotating rollers 40A, 40B increases, preventing damage to the loading pipe 55.

[0087] Furthermore, although not shown, a rotary encoder may be attached to the movable roller 40B, and the feed amount of the loading pipe 55 may be measured by the rotary encoder.

[0088] According to this embodiment, by measuring the feed amount of the loading pipe 55 with a rotary encoder, the feed amount of the loading pipe 55 can be precisely determined regardless of whether or not the loading pipe 55 has slipped as described above, and the loading pipe 55 can be inserted at a predetermined position in the loading hole H.

[0089] In addition, an installation method may be applied in which, after the loading pipe 55 reaches the depth of the charging hole H, the feeder 40 is reversed and the loading pipe 55 is aligned at a predetermined position in the charging hole H.

[0090] Incidentally, when the length of the rock bolt (not shown) is long or the length of the charging hole H is long, long-hole drilling is required, and in this case, it may be necessary to add a drilling rod. FIGS. 12 and 13 show that after drilling is performed in advance with a drilling rod 34A having a length t1, the tip 34b of an additional drilling rod 34B having a length t4 (<t1) is added to the rear end 34a of the drilling rod 34A to lengthen the drilling rod. A gripper 42 holds the additional drilling rod 34B and is shown in a waiting state.

[0091] As already described, the gripper 42 has a case of gripping the additional drilling rod 34B and a case of gripping a pipe unit 50 having a larger diameter than the additional drilling rod 34B. Since it is manufactured according to the outer diameter of the pipe unit 50, as shown in FIG. 14, a first spacer 44 is attached to the gripper 42 for dimensional adjustment, and the additional drilling rod 34B is gripped by the gripper 42.

[0092] When adding the additional drilling rod 34B, the first centering device 35 chucks and fixes the vicinity of the rear end of the drilling rod 34A that has previously drilled the face K, and the gripper 42 is rotated to align the additional drilling rod 34B with the central position of the guide shell 32. Next, the rear end 34c of the additional drilling rod 34B is attached to the drifter 33, and the drifter 33 is rotationally driven to screw the tip 34b of the additional drilling rod 34B to the rear end 34a of the drilling rod 34A, whereby the two drilling rods 34A and 34B can be added.

[0093] After long-hole drilling, the drifter 33 is slid to the trolley side to pull back the drilling rods 34A and 34B. By the method opposite to that during addition, that is, with the first centering device 35 chucking the vicinity of the rear end of the drilling rod 34A, the drifter 33 is rotated in the reverse direction to remove the tip 34b of the additional drilling rod 34B from the rear end 34a of the drilling rod 34A. Next, the chucking of the drilling rod 34A by the first centering device 35 is released, and the drilling rod 34A is further pulled back to complete the drilling.

[0094] According to the illustrated drilling and loading system 100 and drilling and loading method, a drilling rod 34 for drilling a charge hole H is slidably attached to a guide shell 32 attached to one boom 30 and fixed to the working face K via a fixed fulcrum 32a, and a pipe unit 50 for loading a charge P containing an explosive into the charge hole H is attached so as to push the drilling rod 34 to the side and align it, thereby making it possible to continuously drill the charge hole H and load the charge P into the charge hole H, and eliminating the need for precise alignment of the loading pipe 55 for loading the charge P into the charge hole H with the charge hole H.

[0095] It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the configurations shown here, and other embodiments may be possible in which other components are combined with the configurations described in the above embodiments. In this regard, the present invention can be modified within the scope of the present invention, and can be appropriately determined depending on the application form. [Explanation of symbols]

[0096] 10: Cart 12:Operator cabin 20: Cage Boom (Boom) 22: Mancage (workbench) 30: Work boom (boom) 32: Guide Shell 32a: Fixed fulcrum 33: Drifter 34: Drilling rod 34A: Drilling rod 34B: Extension drilling rod (drilling rod) 35: 1st centralizer (centralizer, rod chuck) 35A: Half-split chuck 35a: 1st through hole (through hole) 36: Retaining guide (hood) 36a: Tapered surface (tip surface) 36A: Half-split holding guide 37: Second centralizer 37a: 2nd through hole 38a: Connecting piece 38aa: V-shaped bend 38ab:One end 38ac: other end 38b: Support piece 38c: Counterweight 38d: Rotating shaft 39: 3rd Centralizer 39a: 3rd through hole 39b:Aperture 40: Feeder 40A: Non-moving roller (rotating roller) 40B: Movable roller (rotating roller) 40C: Tightening force adjustment means 42: Gripper 44: First spacer 45: Second spacer 50: Pipe unit 51: Pipe color 51a, 51b: Straight section 51c: Bent part 52: Reduced diameter tip 53A: First supply pipe 53B: Second supply pipe 54: Ball valve 55: Loading pipe 56: Hose 57: Tip steel pipe 58: Connection 60,60A~60C: Supply device 65: First sending device (sending device, first pressure pump) 68: Second sending device (sending device, second pressure pump) 69: Water tank 70: Control device 80:Drilling machine 100: Drilling and loading system G: Bedrock K: Face H: Charge hole P: Loading material (explosives)

Claims

1. A drilling and loading system for drilling a charge hole in a tunnel face and loading a charge containing at least an explosive into the charge hole, a guide shell having a fixed fulcrum that presses against the face; a drifter that is slidably attached to the guide shell and has a drilling rod attached to its tip; a centralizer attached to a fixed support point side of the guide shell and having a through hole through which the drilling rod passes; a pipe unit including a pipe collar and a loading pipe that is inserted into the pipe collar and has a tip that protrudes from the pipe collar and loads the object to be loaded; a feeder that feeds the loading pipe from the pipe collar; A drilling and loading system characterized in that, with the fixed support point of the guide shell fixed to the face, the drilling rod penetrates the through hole to drill the charge hole, the drilling rod is pulled back through the through hole and pushed to the side, and the loading pipe delivered by the feeder penetrates the through hole to form a loading position for the material to be loaded.

2. The drilling loading system of claim 1, characterized in that the feeder is formed by a pair of rotating rollers that sandwich the loading pipe, one of the rotating rollers is a movable roller that can slide freely to the side that tightens the loading pipe and the opposite side, and the other rotating roller is a non-movable roller that does not slide.

3. 3. The drilling and loading system according to claim 2, wherein the feeder is provided with a clamping force adjusting means for adjusting the clamping force when the pair of rotating rollers clamp the loading pipe.

4. 3. The drilling loading system according to claim 2, wherein a rotary encoder is attached to the movable roller, and the feed amount of the loading pipe is measured by the rotary encoder.

5. A drilling and loading method for drilling a charge hole in a tunnel face and loading a charge containing at least an explosive into the charge hole, A trolley and a boom rotatably attached to the carriage; a guide shell attached to the tip of the boom and having a fixed fulcrum that presses against the working face; a drifter that is slidably attached to the guide shell and has a drilling rod attached to its tip; a centralizer attached to a fixed support point side of the guide shell and having a through hole through which the drilling rod passes; a pipe unit including a pipe collar and a loading pipe that is inserted into the pipe collar and has a tip that protrudes from the pipe collar and loads the object to be loaded; a feeder that feeds the loading pipe from the pipe collar, A drilling and loading method, characterized in that after the fixed support point of the guide shell is fixed to the face, the drilling rod is used to drill the charge hole, the drilling rod is pulled back through the through hole, the pipe unit pushes the drilling rod to the side, the feeder sends out the loading pipe to pass through the through hole, and the material to be charged is loaded into the charge hole.

Images