Press working method, press die and press apparatus

Abstract

To provide a press working method in which a punch is hardly broken even when a through-hole having a high aspect ratio is formed.SOLUTION: A press working method for forming a through-hole P having a diameter φ equal to or smaller than a plate thickness t in a portion to be worked of the plate thickness t in a metal material W using a punch 10 and a die 20 attached to a press device, the press working method including a half-blanking step of half-blanking the metal material W by driving the punch 10 into the metal material W once or a plurality of times from the same direction, and a punching-out step of punching out a portion half-blanked in the half-blanking step in the metal material W, in the half blanking process, the driving depth H1 per one time of the punch to the metallic material W is made to be 0.7 times or more and 1.4 times or less.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a press working method, and also to a press die and press device capable of performing the press working method. [Background technology]

[0002] A punching process (piercing) using a punch and a die is used to form through holes in plate-like workpieces of metal materials. This process has traditionally been considered difficult to form through holes with a high aspect ratio (through holes with a punching dimension small relative to the thickness of the workpiece). This is because forming a high-aspect-ratio through hole requires forming a long and slender punch, which makes the punch prone to breakage, for example, due to the tip of the punch being prone to buckling. For this reason, drills and other tools have traditionally been used when it is necessary to form through holes with a high aspect ratio. However, drilling processes have the drawback of taking a long time to form one through hole, resulting in high processing costs. Another drawback is that it is difficult to achieve high processing accuracy.

[0003] In this regard, Figure 1 and other figures of Patent Document 1 describe a punching tool for forming a through hole with a high aspect ratio by punching. In the punching tool described in this document, a punch 1 is provided with a substantially conical protrusion 11 at its tip, which makes it possible to suppress bending of the punch body 10 when the punch body 10 is inserted into a workpiece W, and it is said that this makes it possible to prevent breakage of the punch 1 even when a through hole with a high aspect ratio is formed. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-68836 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] However, with the punching tool described in Patent Document 1, even though it was possible to make the tip portion of the punch 1 less likely to bend, it was not possible to prevent breakage of the punch 1. This is because, when attempting to punch a through hole with a high aspect ratio, the shank portion of the punch (the portion marked with reference numeral 3 in Figure 1 of Patent Document 1) may sink into the flange portion (the portion marked with reference numeral 2 in the same figure), or a crack may occur at the boundary between the shank portion and the flange portion, resulting in breakage of the base end (root) portion of the punch.

[0006] The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and provides a press working method that is less likely to cause punch damage even when forming a through hole with a high aspect ratio. It is also an object of the present invention to provide a press die and a press device that can perform this press working method. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The above issues are: A press working method for forming a through hole having a diameter φ (when the punched contour shape of the through hole is other than a circle, the diameter of a circle having a circumferential length equal to the length of the punched contour of the through hole; the same applies hereinafter) equal to or less than the plate thickness t in a processed portion of a metal material having a plate thickness t, using a punch and a die attached to a press device, a half-punching process in which a punch is driven into the metal material once or multiple times from the same direction to half-punch the metal material; A punching-out process for punching out the part that has been half-punched in the half-punching process for metal materials; Including, In the half-punching process, the punch depth per punch into the metal material is 0.7 to 1.4 times the punch diameter. Press processing method This is solved by providing

[0008] Here, "punch diameter" means the diameter of a circle when the cross section of the punch (a cross section of the cutting edge of the punch cut by a plane perpendicular to the pressing direction of the punch; the same applies below) is circular, and means the diameter of a circle having a circumferential length equal to the circumferential length of the cross section when the cross section of the punch is other than circular. The same applies below.

[0009] In the above-described press working method, the load on the punch during each press operation can be reduced, making it less likely that the punch will break even when punching a through hole with a high aspect ratio. The diameter φ of the through hole can be set to 0.8 times or less, 0.6 times or less, 0.5 times or less (half or less), 0.4 times or less, or 0.3 times or less of the plate thickness t. However, if the diameter φ of the through hole is too small compared to the plate thickness t, the punch may be more likely to break even when the above-described press working method is used. For this reason, the diameter φ of the through hole is preferably set to 0.1 times or more of the plate thickness t. The diameter φ of the through hole can also be set to 0.2 times or more of the plate thickness t.

[0010] The above-described press working method can be performed using, for example, a servo press. That is, by using a servo press as the press and gradually increasing the stroke amount of the punch through servo control of the servo press, the half-punching process and the punching-out process can be performed with the same punch. Furthermore, as will be described in detail later, the above-described press working method can also be performed using a mechanical or hydraulic press, a progressive press, or a transfer press.

[0011] The above issues also include: A press die for single press use to form a through hole having a diameter φ (if the punched contour shape of the through hole is other than a circle, the diameter of a circle having a circumferential length equal to the length of the punched contour of the through hole; the same applies hereinafter) that is equal to or less than the plate thickness t in a processed portion of a metal material having a plate thickness t, a set of punch and die; an upper die to which the punch is attached; a lower mold to which the die is attached; a punch switching means capable of switching the protruding length of the punch from the upper die in stages; By providing a half-punching mode for punching the metal material once or multiple times from the same direction; a punching-out mode for punching out a portion half-punched in a half-punching mode in a metal material with the punch; You can switch between In half-punching mode, the punching depth per punch into the metal material is 0.7 to 1.4 times the punch diameter. Press dies for single presses This can also be solved by providing This press die can be used by being attached to a mechanical or hydraulic press device.

[0012] The above-mentioned press die for single-shot pressing preferably further includes a fixed plate fixed to the upper die, a movable block passage formed in the fixed plate, and a movable block fitted in the movable block passage so as to be movable in the vertical direction. The base of the punch is fixed to the movable block, and the punch switching means preferably includes an upper punch switching cam for contacting the upper surface of the movable block and a lower punch switching cam for contacting the lower surface of the movable block to move the movable block in the vertical direction, thereby switching the length of protrusion of the punch from the upper die. By adopting this configuration, the length of protrusion of the punch from the upper die can be smoothly changed. Furthermore, when punching through holes with a high aspect ratio, friction between the side of the punch driven into the metal material and the metal material tends to be large, which increases the strain on the punch and its surrounding components not only when the punch is driven into the metal material but also when it is pulled out. However, by adopting the upper punch switching cam and the lower punch switching cam as the punch switching means, the structure around the punch can be made more robust against vertical forces.

[0013] The above problem is further addressed by: A press device for forming a through hole having a diameter φ (when the punched contour shape of the through hole is other than a circle, the diameter of a circle having a circumferential length equal to the length of the punched contour of the through hole; the same applies hereinafter) equal to or less than the plate thickness t in a processed portion of the metal material having a plate thickness t by sequentially performing press working at a plurality of processing positions while feeding the metal material, a half-punching punch and a half-punching die for half-punching a metal material; A punch and die for punching out a part half-punched by a punch and die for punching out a part half-punched in a metal material. Equipped with A plurality of sets of half-blanking punches and half-blanking dies are provided, the distance between which is smaller in the vertical direction at the dead center in the later stages, The driving depth of each half-punch into the metal material is 0.7 to 1.4 times the punch diameter. Press equipment This can also be solved by providing The press may be a progressive press or a transfer press.

[0014] In the above-mentioned press machine (progressive press machine or transfer press machine), it is preferable that the dimensions of the half-punching dies are made larger as they go to the later stages. This can further reduce the burden on the half-punching punches in the later stages. In addition, when the metal material that has been processed in the previous half-punching die is sent to the subsequent half-punching die, it can be easily placed in the subsequent half-punching die.

[0015] In the above-mentioned press apparatus (progressive press apparatus or transfer press apparatus), it is preferable that the punch diameters of the half-blanking punches be approximately the same from the frontmost punch to the rearmost punch, and that the tips of the half-blanking punches other than the frontmost punch be rounded or chamfered. By making the punch diameters of the half-blanking punches approximately the same from the frontmost punch to the rearmost punch, the dimensional accuracy of the through hole can be improved. However, in a progressive press apparatus or transfer press apparatus in which a metal material is fed and pressed sequentially with multiple types of punches, some degree of error in positioning the metal material is unavoidable. Therefore, if the punch diameters of the multiple stages of half-blanking punches are approximately the same, the tips of the half-blanking punches after the frontmost punch may hit the shoulder of the previously formed half-blank hole, resulting in a risk of reducing the dimensional accuracy of the through hole. In this regard, if the half-punching punches other than the front-most punch are rounded or chamfered around the peripheral edge of the punch tip, it will be possible to make it less likely that the half-punching punches after the front-most punch will hit the shoulder of the half-punching hole (so that the half-punching punches after the front-most punch can be inserted smoothly into the half-punching hole that was formed earlier).

[0016] In the above-mentioned press machine (progressive press machine or transfer press machine), it is also preferable to make the punch diameter of the half-blanking punches smaller toward the later stages, thereby making it less likely that the tip of the half-blanking punches later than the front stage will hit the shoulder of the half-blanking hole formed earlier.

[0017] The above-mentioned press machine (progressive press machine or transfer press machine) preferably further includes a shaving punch and a shaving die for shaving processing, downstream of the punch and die, which facilitates improving the dimensional accuracy of the through holes.

[0018] In the above-mentioned press device (progressive press device or transfer press device), the punch diameter of the punch for punching out can be set larger than the maximum punch diameter of the plurality of half-punching punches, and the punch for punching out and the shaving process can be performed simultaneously (in a single press operation) using the punch for punching out and the die for punching out. This makes it easier to improve the dimensional accuracy of the through hole, and fine shavings generated by the shaving process can be discharged by being pressed against the portion punched out by the punch for punching out (scrap portion), making it possible to prevent the shavings from scattering. [Effects of the Invention]

[0019] As described above, the present invention makes it possible to provide a press working method that is less likely to cause punch damage even when forming a through hole with a high aspect ratio, and also makes it possible to provide a press die and press device that can perform this press working method. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0020] [Figure 1] 1A to 1C are diagrams for explaining a press working method according to a first embodiment. [Figure 2] 10A to 10C are diagrams for explaining a press working method according to a second embodiment. [Figure 3] FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a press die used in the press working method of the second embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the press die of FIG. 3 in a second half-blanking mode. [Figure 5] FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the press die of FIG. 3 in a punching-out mode. [Figure 6] 4 is a perspective view showing a cam member, a movable block, and a punch extracted from the press die of FIG. 3. FIG. [Figure 7] 10A and 10B are diagrams for explaining a press working method according to a third embodiment. [Figure 8]7(a) to 7(e) are enlarged views showing the vicinity of the processing point in each of the views. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0021] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. In the following, the present invention will be described using first, second, and third embodiments as examples. However, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0022] 1. First embodiment First, a press working method according to a first embodiment will be described. Fig. 1 is a diagram for explaining the press working method according to the first embodiment. Fig. 1(a) shows the state before a punch 10 is driven into a metal material W, Fig. 1(b) shows the state in which the punch 10 has reached bottom dead center in the half-punching process, Fig. 1(c) shows the state in which the punch 10 has reached bottom dead center in the punching-out process, and Fig. 1(d) shows the state in which all processes have been completed and the formation of a through hole P has been completed. Figs. 1(a) to 1(d) show only the periphery of the punch 10 and die 20 in the press machine.

[0023] In the press working method of the first embodiment, a servo press machine (not shown) equipped with a servo motor is used as the press machine. As shown in FIG. 1, a press die 100 for single-stroke pressing is attached to the servo press machine. A punch 10 is attached to an upper die 110 of the press die 100, and a die 20 is attached to a lower die 120. Using this punch 10 and die 20, a through hole P having a diameter φ equal to or less than the sheet thickness t is formed in a processed portion of a metal material W having a sheet thickness t. Here, the "diameter φ" means the diameter of the circle when the punched outline shape of the through hole P is circular, and when the punched outline shape of the through hole P is other than circular, means the diameter of a circle having a circumferential length equal to the length of the punched outline of the through hole P. The same applies hereinafter.

[0024] As shown in FIGS. 1(b) and 1(c), the press working method of the first embodiment includes a half-punching step and a punching-out step. As shown in FIG. 1(b), the half-punching step is a step of punching the metal material W by striking the metal material W with a punch 10. In the first embodiment, the half-punching step is performed by striking the metal material W only once with the punch 10. In the half-punching step, the punch 10 strikes the metal material W at a depth H1 (FIG. 1(b)) of 0.7 to 1.4 times the punch diameter D. This allows efficient half-punching while minimizing the load on the punch 10. The striking depth H1 may be set to 0.8 times or more, 0.9 times or more, or 1.0 times or more the punch diameter D. Furthermore, the striking depth H1 may be set to 1.3 times or less, or 1.2 times or less the punch diameter D. Upon completion of the half-punching step, a half-punching hole P is formed in the metal material W. h is formed.

[0025] The punching process is a process of punching out the part (scrap part S) that has been half-punched in the half-punching process from the metal material W. In the punching process, as shown in FIG. 1(c), the tip of the punch 10 and the die 20 are set to overlap in the vertical direction at the bottom dead center, and a half-punched hole P h A punch 10 is inserted into the metal material W and a pressing operation is performed. This allows the scrap portion S to be punched out from the metal material W. When the punching out process is completed, the formation of the through hole P is completed as shown in FIG. 1(d).

[0026] In this way, by pressing the same location on the metal material W multiple times to perform punching in stages, the load on the punch 10 in each pressing operation can be reduced. Therefore, even when forming a through hole P with a high aspect ratio, damage to the punch 10 can be made less likely.

[0027] In the first embodiment, the stroke amount of the punch 10 is increased stepwise for each press operation by servo control of the servo press device (the tip position of the punch 10 at the bottom dead center is lowered stepwise for each press operation), so that the half-punching process and the punching-out process are performed with the same punch 10. In other words, after the half-punching process is completed, the punch 10 is temporarily raised to punch the metal material W (the half-punched hole P h ), and then the punch 10 is lowered again from that state with a stroke amount greater than that in the half-punching step, thereby carrying out the punching-off step. By carrying out the half-punching step and the punching-off step using the same punch 10 and die 20 in this manner, it is possible to maintain high positional accuracy of the punch 10 relative to the metal material W.

[0028] In the half-blanking process in the first embodiment, as already described, half-blanking is performed by striking the punch 10 only once against the metal material W. That is, when the number of times the punch 10 strikes the metal material W in the half-blanking process is n (n is a natural number), n = 1. However, when the plate thickness t is large relative to the punch diameter D (for example, when the plate thickness t is 2.5 times or more the punch diameter D), there is a risk that sufficient half-blanking cannot be performed by striking the punch 10 only once.

[0029] Therefore, in such cases, the half-blanking process can be performed by striking the metal material W with the punch 10 multiple times from the same direction. That is, when the number of times the punch 10 is struck in the half-blanking process is n (n is a natural number), n ≧ 2 can be satisfied. This makes it possible to perform half-blanking to a sufficient depth while preventing damage to the punch 10, even when the plate thickness t is large relative to the punch diameter D. There is no upper limit to the number of times n the punch 10 is struck in the half-blanking process, but it is usually set to 5 times or less (n ≦ 5), and preferably 4 times or less (n ≦ 4).

[0030] In the half-punching process, when the punch 10 is punched into the metal material W n times, the punch 10 is punched into the metal material W for each m-th press operation (m is a natural number and is a variable that satisfies 1≦m≦n) in the half-punching process. m is set to be 0.7 times or more and 1.4 times or less of the punch diameter D. Here, the driving depth H m When m=1, it means the depth from the top surface of the metal material W to the bottom dead center of the punch 10 in the first pressing operation, and when m≧2, it means the depth from the bottom dead center of the punch 10 in the (m-1)th pressing operation to the bottom dead center of the punch 10 in the mth pressing operation (see also Figures 2 and 8 below). The same applies hereinafter. Driving depth H m The driving depth H can be set to 0.8 times or more, 0.9 times or more, or 1.0 times or more of the punch diameter D. m The driving depth H can be set to 1.3 times or less of the punch diameter D, or 1.2 times or less. m may be substantially the same or different between multiple pressing operations.

[0031] In the half-punching process, when punch 10 is to be driven into metal material W multiple times, the stroke amount of punch 10 is gradually increased with each press operation by servo control of the servo press device (the tip position of punch 10 at the bottom dead center is gradually lowered with each press operation), thereby enabling multiple driving operations with the same punch 10.

[0032] Remaining plate thickness H at the time when half-blanking process is completed R (Half punched hole P h The distance in the vertical direction between the bottom surface of the punch and the bottom surface of the metal material W. See Figure 1(c). ) is not limited to, but is the distance between the punch diameter D and the remaining plate thickness H R If the thickness H is too large, the punch 10 will be subjected to too much load in the subsequent punching process, which may cause the punch 10 to be easily damaged.R is preferably 1.4 times or less of the punch diameter D, more preferably 1.2 times or less, and even more preferably 1.1 times or less. R In the first embodiment, the remaining plate thickness H R The lower limit is 0 times or more of the punch diameter D.

[0033] The driving direction of the punch 10 in the punching process is usually the same as the driving direction of the punch 10 in the half-punching process. However, when the half-punching process is completed, the remaining plate thickness H R If the blank is sufficiently thin (for example, 1 mm or less), the direction of the punch 10 in the blanking step can be opposite to the direction of the punch 10 in the half-blank step.

[0034] In the first embodiment, the clearance between the punch 10 and the die 20 is a positive clearance. The amount of one-side clearance between the punch 10 and the die 20 varies depending on the material of the metal material W and is not limited, but is preferably 3% to 20% of the plate thickness t, more preferably 4% to 15% of the plate thickness t, and even more preferably 5% to 12% of the plate thickness t.

[0035] The punch 10 may be made of, for example, cemented carbide, high-speed steel (e.g., powdered high-speed steel, molten high-speed steel, etc.), die steel, etc. The die 20 may be made of a material similar to that described for the punch 10. The punch 10 and the die 20 may be made of the same material or different materials. The surfaces of the punch 10 and the die 20 may be coated (e.g., titanium nitride coating, titanium carbonitride coating, titanium aluminum nitride coating, chromium nitride coating, aluminum chromium nitride coating, salt bath nitriding, etc.).

[0036] The hardness of the punch 10 is not limited, but is preferably 60 HRC or higher, and more preferably 65 HRC or higher. The upper limit of the hardness of the punch 10 is not limited, but is usually 100 HRC or lower. The hardness of the die 20 can be the same as that of the punch 10. The hardness of the punch 10 and the hardness of the die 20 may be approximately the same or different.

[0037] There are no specific limitations on the type of material forming the metal material W. For example, SPC-based materials, SPH-based materials, silicon-based materials, stainless steel-based materials, brass, copper, phosphor bronze, nickel silver, aluminum-based materials, permalloy, etc. can be used as the material forming the metal material W. The hardness of the material forming the metal material W is not limited, but is preferably 60 HRC or less, more preferably 55 HRC or less, and even more preferably 50 HRC or less.

[0038] 2. Second embodiment Next, a press working method according to a second embodiment will be described. The following mainly describes the differences between the first embodiment and the second embodiment. The configuration described for the first embodiment can also be adopted in the second embodiment.

[0039] Fig. 2 is a diagram for explaining a press working method of a second embodiment. Fig. 2(a) shows a state in which the punch 10 has reached bottom dead center in the first half-blanking mode, Fig. 2(b) shows a state in which the punch 10 has reached bottom dead center in the second half-blanking mode, and Fig. 2(c) shows a state in which the punch 10 has reached bottom dead center in the punch-out mode. Figs. 2(a) to 2(c) show only the periphery of the punch 10 and die 20 in the press die 200. Fig. 2 and Figs. 3 to 6 shown later show x-, y-, and z-axes, and these axes are consistent between different drawings.

[0040] In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 , the stroke amount of the punch 10 is increased for each press operation through servo control of a servo press device, thereby performing the half-punching process and the punching-out process using the same punch 10. However, servo press devices are expensive, and many manufacturers do not own them. Therefore, in the second embodiment, a less expensive mechanical press device (not shown) is used as the press device. However, because mechanical press devices repeat press operations with a fixed stroke amount, it is not possible to adjust the stroke amount of the punch 10 for each press operation. Therefore, in the second embodiment, a special feature is added to a press die 200 for single-stroke pressing that is attached to a mechanical press device.

[0041] 2, the press die 200 used in the second embodiment includes a set of punch 10 and die 20, an upper die 210 to which the punch 10 is attached, and a lower die 220 to which the die 20 is attached. The upper die 210 is attached to a slide (not shown) of a press device, and the lower die 220 is attached to a bolster (not shown) of the same device.

[0042] The press die 200 is provided with a punch switching means (described in detail later) for stepwise switching the protruding length of the punch 10 from the upper die 210. As a result, as shown in FIGS. 2(a) to 2(c), it is possible to switch between a half-punching mode (first half-punching mode and second half-punching mode) for half-punching the metal material W, and a punching-out mode for punching out the portion of the metal material W half-punched in the half-punching mode (scrap portion S) with the punch 10. Therefore, even when using a mechanical press, the half-punching process and the punching-out process can be performed using the same punch 10 and die 20. The specific structure of the press die 200 will be described below.

[0043] FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a press die 200 used in a press working method according to a second embodiment, cut along a plane passing through the center line of the punch 10. However, for convenience of illustration, only the punch switching lower cam 215b is shown cut along a plane shifted toward the rear (positive y-axis side) of the page (the same applies to FIG. 2 and FIGS. 4 to 6 ). The press die 200 in FIG. 3 is in a first half-blanking mode. FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the press die 200 in FIG. 3 in a second half-blanking mode. FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the press die 200 in FIG. 3 in a punch-out mode. In FIGS. 3 to 5 , the upper die set 211 and the lower die set 221 are aligned in position. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the cam member 215, the movable block 214, and the punch 10 extracted from the press die 200 in FIG. 3 .

[0044] As shown in Fig. 3, the upper die 210 of the press die 200 used in the second embodiment has an upper die set 211 and a fixed plate 212 fixed to the upper die set 211. A movable block passage 213 is formed in the fixed plate 212 along the vertical direction. A movable block 214 is fitted in the movable block passage 213. As shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the movable block 214 is movable in the vertical direction within the movable block passage 213. The base (upper portion) of the punch 10 is fixed in an embedded state within the movable block 214, and the tip (lower portion) of the punch 10 protrudes downward from the lower surface of the movable block 214.

[0045] The fixed plate 212 may be formed of a single plate, but in the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, it is formed of a fixed backing plate 212a provided in contact with the lower surface of the upper die set 211 and a fixed punch plate 212b provided in contact with the lower surface of the fixed backing plate 212a. A movable block passage 213 is formed through the fixed backing plate 212a and the fixed punch plate 212b. A block receiving wall 212c for receiving the movable block 214 is provided at the lower end of the movable block passage 213, and a punch opening 212d is formed in the block receiving wall 212c for inserting the tip (lower portion) of the punch 10 therethrough. The tip of the punch 10 protrudes below the fixed plate 212 through the punch opening 212d.

[0046] A cam member 215 for moving the movable block 214 in the up-down direction is incorporated into the fixed plate 212. This cam member 215 functions as a punch switching means for gradually changing the length of protrusion of the punch 10 from the upper die 210. The cam member 215 includes a punch switching upper cam 215a (upper cam driver) for contacting the upper surface of the movable block 214 (cam slider), a punch switching lower cam 215b (lower cam driver) for contacting the lower surface of the movable block 214, and a connecting portion 215c connecting one end (positive side in the x-axis direction) of the punch switching upper cam 215a to one end (nearly horizontally) of the punch switching lower cam 215b. The cam member 215 can be slid in a direction substantially perpendicular to the pressing direction of the upper die 210 (substantially horizontally) by a cam driving means (not shown) that drives the cam member 215, as indicated by arrow α in FIG. 3 and arrow β in FIG. 5.

[0047] The punch switching upper cam 215a is inserted into an upper cam groove 212e that is formed by passing through the fixed backing plate 212a (the upper portion of the fixed plate 212) in a direction (substantially horizontal) that is substantially perpendicular to the pressing direction of the upper die 210. The punch switching upper cam 215a is a linear cam that moves substantially linearly within this upper cam groove 212e. The lower surface of the punch switching upper cam 215a forms a cam surface 215a1. The upper cam groove 212e is connected to the movable block passage 213, and the punch switching upper cam 215a can abut the cam surface 215a1 against the upper surface of the movable block 214 at this connected portion.

[0048] 3, the cam surface 215a1 of the punch switching upper cam 215a is stepped, so that the movable block 214 (and the punch 10 fixed thereto) can be moved up and down in stages within the movable block passage 213. The cam surface 215a1 in the second embodiment is a first half-punching cam surface 215a for contacting the movable block 214 in a first half-punching mode (FIG. 3) described later. 11 and a second half-punching cam surface 215a for contacting the movable block 214 in the second half-punching mode (FIG. 4). 12 and a removal cam surface 215a for contacting the movable block 214 in the removal mode. 1R It includes:

[0049] The second half-punching cam surface 215a of the punch switching upper cam 215a 12 is the first half-punching cam surface 215a 11 the other side (negative side in the x-axis direction) and the first half-punching cam surface 215a 11 The cam surface 215a is located below the 1R is the second half-punching cam surface 215a 12 The other side of the second half-punching cam surface 215a 12 The first half-punching cam surface 215a is located below the first half-punching cam surface 215a. 11 and second half-punching cam surface 215a 12 and the second half-punching cam surface 215a. 12 and removal cam surface 215a1R The connecting portion has a gently curved surface (or a flat slope), and a chamfered portion 214a is provided at the other corner of the top surface of the movable block 214. This allows the punch switching upper cam 215a to slide smoothly relative to the movable block 214.

[0050] The punch switching lower cam 215b is inserted into a lower cam groove 212f formed through the fixed punch plate 212b (the lower portion of the fixed plate 212) in a direction (substantially horizontal) substantially perpendicular to the pressing direction of the upper die 210. The punch switching lower cam 215b is a linear cam that moves substantially linearly within this lower cam groove 212f. The upper surface of the punch switching lower cam 215b forms a cam surface 215b1. The lower cam groove 212f is connected to the movable block passage 213, and the punch switching lower cam 215b is configured to abut the cam surface 215b1 against the lower surface of the movable block 214 at this connected portion. As shown in FIG. 6, the punch switching lower cam 215b is formed with a punch escape groove 215b2 to avoid the punch 10.

[0051] The cam surface 215b1 of the punch switching lower cam 215b is stepped, which allows the movable block 214 (and the punch 10 fixed thereto) to move up and down in stages within the movable block passage 213. The cam surface 215b1 in the second embodiment is a first half-punching cam surface 215b with which the movable block 214 comes into contact in a first half-punching mode, which will be described later. 11 and a second half-punching cam surface 215b for contacting the movable block 214 in the second half-punching mode. 12 It includes:

[0052] The second half-punching cam surface 215b of the punch switching lower cam 215b 12 is the first half-punching cam surface 215b 11 The other side of the first half-punching cam surface 215b 11 The first half-punching cam surface 215b is located below the first half-punching cam surface 215b. 11 and second half-punching cam surface 215b12 The connecting portion has a gently curved surface (or a flat slope), and a chamfered portion 214b is provided at one corner of the lower surface of the movable block 214. This allows the punch switching lower cam 215b to slide smoothly relative to the movable block 214.

[0053] As shown in Figure 3, the cam surface 215a1 of the punch switching upper cam 215a and the cam surface 215b1 of the punch switching lower cam 215b are shifted in the left and right directions by approximately half of the step switching portions. 11 and the second half-punching cam surface 215b of the punch switching lower cam 215b. 12 The upper punch switching cam 215a and the second half-punching cam surface 215a are in a state where they overlap each other in approximately half in the vertical direction. 11 At the approximately midpoint of the punch switching lower cam 215b, the second half-punching cam surface 215b 12 The reason for this will be explained later.

[0054] The lower mold 220 has a lower die set 221 and a die plate 222 fixed to the lower die set 221. In the second embodiment, the die 20 is formed by directly processing the die plate 222 (the die plate 222 itself is the die 20), but in other embodiments, the die 20 formed from a separate member can also be embedded in the die plate 222.

[0055] The operation of the press working method of the second embodiment will be described in detail below. In the second embodiment, a first half-punching mode shown in Fig. 2(a) and a second half-punching mode shown in Fig. 2(b) are prepared as half-punching modes, and in the half-punching process, the protruding length of the punch 10 from the upper die 210 is switched, and the punch 10 is struck twice from the same direction against the metal material W to perform half-punching. In the first half-punching mode, as shown in Fig. 3, the first half-punching cam surface 215a of the punch switching upper cam 215a 11abuts against the upper surface of the movable block 214, and the first half-punching cam surface 215b of the punch switching lower cam 215b 11 is in contact with the lower surface of the movable block 214. In this state, the first striking in the half-blanking step is carried out as shown in FIG.

[0056] When the punching in the first half-punching mode is completed, the cam member 215 is driven by the cam driving means (not shown) and moves in the direction indicated by the arrow α in FIG. 3 (from the other side to the one side). Then, first, the first half-punching cam surface 215b of the punch switching lower cam 215b 11 comes off the bottom surface of the movable block 214, and the movable block 214 falls through the movable block passage 213, and the second half-punching cam surface 215b 12 The first half-punching cam surface 215a of the punch switching upper cam 215a comes into contact with the lower surface of the movable block 214. As a result, the vertical position of the movable block 214 is lowered by one step, and the first half-punching cam surface 215a of the punch switching upper cam 215a comes into contact with the lower surface of the movable block 214. 11 When the cam member 215 moves further from this state, the second half-punching cam surface 215a of the punch switching upper cam 215a comes off the upper surface of the movable block 214. 12 4, the second half-punching cam surface 215a of the punch switching upper cam 215a comes into contact with the upper surface of the movable block 214. 12 The second half-punching cam surface 215b of the punch switching lower cam 215b abuts against the upper surface of the movable block 214. 12 is in contact with the underside of the movable block 214, entering the second half-blanking mode. In this state, the second driving in the half-blanking process is performed as shown in Fig. 2(b). When the driving in the second half-blanking mode is completed, the half-blanking process in the second embodiment is completed.

[0057] Subsequently, the cam member 215 is further moved from the other side to the one side by the driving of the cam driving means (not shown). Then, first, the second half-punching cam surface 215b of the punch switching lower cam 215b 12The block receiving wall 212c provided at the lower end of the movable block passage 213 comes into contact with the lower surface of the movable block 214. As a result, the vertical position of the movable block 214 is lowered by one more step, and the second half-punching cam surface 215a of the punch switching upper cam 215a comes into contact with the block receiving wall 212c provided at the lower end of the movable block passage 213. 12 When the cam member 215 moves further from this state, the punch-switching upper cam 215a comes off the upper surface of the movable block 214. 1R 5, the punch-switching upper cam 215a comes into contact with the upper surface of the movable block 214. As a result, the punch-switching upper cam 215a comes into contact with the upper surface of the movable block 214. 1R The block receiving wall 212c comes into contact with the upper surface of the movable block 214, and the block receiving wall 212c comes into contact with the lower surface of the movable block 214, thus entering a punching-out mode. In this state, the punching-out process is carried out as shown in Fig. 2(c). When the punching-out process is completed, the formation of the through hole P in the press working method of the second embodiment is completed.

[0058] As described above, in the press die 200 used in the second embodiment, in half-punching modes (first half-punching mode and second half-punching mode), the punch switching upper cam 215a and the punch switching lower cam 215b are configured to abut against the upper and lower surfaces of the movable block 214, respectively. Furthermore, in the punch-off mode, the punch switching upper cam 215a abuts against the upper surface of the movable block 214, and the block receiving wall 212c abuts against the lower surface of the movable block 214. This makes it possible to strengthen the structure around the punch against vertical forces when driving the punch 10 into the metal material W or when withdrawing the driven punch 10 from the metal material W, and also makes it possible to make the movable block 214 (and the punch 10) less likely to rattle. Therefore, damage and rattle can be prevented around the punch 10 in the upper die 210.

[0059] The number of stair-like steps provided on the punch switching upper cam 215a and the punch switching lower cam 215b is not particularly limited, and can be increased or decreased depending on the number of times n (n is a natural number) that the punch 10 is driven in the half-punching step. In the second embodiment, the punch switching lower cam 215b abuts against the movable block 214 only in the half-punching step and does not abut against the movable block 214 in the punch-off mode. However, in other embodiments, the punch switching lower cam 215b may abut against the lower surface of the movable block 214 also in the punch-off mode. In that case, the second half-punching cam surface 215b of the punch switching lower cam 215b 12 On the other side of the second half-punching cam surface 215b 12 In the removal mode, the lower surface of the movable block 214 is brought into contact with the removal cam surface (not shown).

[0060] In the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the punch switching upper cam 215a and the punch switching lower cam 215b are connected by a connecting portion 215c. This allows the movements of the punch switching upper cam 215a and the punch switching lower cam 215b to be linked without any special control. In this case, only one cam drive means (not shown) is required. On the other hand, in other embodiments, the punch switching upper cam 215a and the punch switching lower cam 215b can be made to move independently. In this case, a cam drive means (not shown) must be provided for each of the punch switching upper cam 215a and the punch switching lower cam 215b.

[0061] The type of cam driving means (not shown) for driving the cam members 215 (the punch switching upper cam 215a and the punch switching lower cam 215b) to switch the mode is not limited to a specific one. For example, a fluid cylinder, a solenoid, a motor, or the like can be used as the cam driving means. Alternatively, instead of providing a cam driving means, the cam members 215 can be moved manually.

[0062] In the second embodiment described above, a mechanical press is used as the press, but a similar configuration can also be adopted when a hydraulic press is used as the press.

[0063] 3. Third embodiment Next, a press working method according to the third embodiment will be described. The following description will focus on the differences between the third embodiment and the first and second embodiments. The configurations described for the first and second embodiments can also be employed in the third embodiment. The configurations described for the punch 10 in the first and second embodiments can be employed for the half-punching punch 11, punching punch 12, and shaving punch 13 described below, and the configurations described for the die 20 in the first and second embodiments can be employed for the half-punching die 21, punching die 22, and shaving die 23 described below.

[0064] Fig. 7 is a diagram for explaining a press working method of a third embodiment. Fig. 7(a) shows a first half-punching position in a press device described later, Fig. 7(b) shows a second half-punching position in the same device, Fig. 7(c) shows a third half-punching position in the same device, Fig. 7(d) shows a punching position in the same device, and Fig. 7(e) shows a shaving position in the same device. Fig. 8 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the processing point in each of Figs. 7(a) to (e). Figs. 8(a) to (e) correspond to Figs. 7(a) to (e), respectively.

[0065] In the press working methods of the first and second embodiments, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, press dies 100, 200 for single press are used, and the through hole P is formed by performing a half-punching process and a punching-out process using the same punch 10 and die 20. In contrast, in the press working method of the third embodiment, the through hole P is formed (using multiple types of punches and dies) by performing press working sequentially at multiple processing positions while feeding the metal material W. This eliminates the need to prepare a servo press device as in the first embodiment, or a press die 200 with a complex structure as in the second embodiment.

[0066] In the press working method of the third embodiment, a progressive press machine (not shown) is used as the press machine. A press die 300 (FIG. 7) for progressive pressing is attached to the progressive press machine. This press die 300 has a plurality of half-blanking positions (FIGS. 7(a) to (c)), a punching position (FIG. 7(d)), and a shaving position (FIG. 7(e)) as processing positions, in this order. The metal material W is fed to the next processing position by a feed device (not shown) after each press operation.

[0067] The type of the feeding device is not limited to a specific one. As the feeding device, a feeder (for example, a roll feeder or a gripper feeder) that is commonly used in progressive presses can be used. In this case, the metal materials W arranged at each of the multiple processing positions are fed while connected to each other, for example, by edge bars or the like. Alternatively, instead of the feeding device, a conveying device (not shown) can be used that grips the metal materials W (or sucks them with a suction cup or the like) and conveys them from one processing position to another processing position. In this case, the metal materials W arranged at the multiple processing positions do not need to be connected to each other.

[0068] As shown in Figures 7(a) to 7(c), a half-punching punch 11 and a half-punching die 21 for performing the half-punching process (for half-punching the metal material W) are provided at the half-punching position. Although only one set of half-punching punch 11 and half-punching die 21 may be provided, in the third embodiment, multiple sets are provided. More specifically, the half-punching punch 11 and half-punching die 21 include a first half-punching punch 11a and a first half-punching die 21a provided at the first half-punching position (Figure 7(a)), a second half-punching punch 11b and a second half-punching die 21b provided at the second half-punching position (Figure 7(b)), and a third half-punching punch 11c and a third half-punching die 21c provided at the third half-punching position (Figure 7(c)). As shown in Figures 8(a) to (c), in these multiple sets of half-blanking punches 11 and half-blanking dies 21, the vertical distance at the dead center (the vertical distance between the half-blanking punch 11 and the half-blanking die 21) becomes smaller as you go to the later stage.

[0069] As shown in Fig. 7(d), the punching position is provided with a punching punch 12 and a punching die 22 for performing the punching process (for punching out the portion (scrap portion S) half-punched by the half-punching punch 11 and half-punching die 21 in the metal material W). As shown in Fig. 7(e), the shaving position is provided with a shaving punch 13 and a shaving die 23 for performing the shaving process.

[0070] The first half-punching punch 11a, the second half-punching punch 11b, the third half-punching punch 11c, the punching punch 12 and the shaving punch 13 are attached to the upper die 310 of the press mold 300, and the first half-punching die 21a, the second half-punching die 21b, the third half-punching die 21c, the punching die 22 and the shaving die 23 are attached to the lower die 320 of the press mold 300.

[0071] The operation of the press working method of the third embodiment will be described in detail below. First, a half-punching process is performed at the half-punching position (FIGS. 7(a) to 7(c)). As already mentioned, in the third embodiment, three half-punching positions (three sets of half-punching punch 11 and half-punching die 21) are prepared, and in the half-punching process, three types of punches 11a, 11b, and 11c are struck into the metal material W once each from the same direction three times in total, thereby performing half-punching.

[0072] That is, first, at the first half-punching position (FIG. 7(a)), the first half-punching punch 11a is driven into the metal material W. Next, the first half-punching punch 11a is withdrawn from the metal material W, and the metal material W is fed from the first half-punching position to the second half-punching position (FIG. 7(b)). Then, at the second half-punching position, the second half-punching punch 11b is driven into the metal material W and then withdrawn, and the metal material W is fed from the second half-punching position to the third half-punching position (FIG. 7(c)). Finally, at the third half-punching position, the third half-punching punch 11c is driven into the metal material W.

[0073] In the half-punching step, the driving depths H1, H2, H3 of the half-punching punches 11a, 11b, 11c into the metal material W (FIGS. 8(a) to 8(c)) are 0.7 to 1.4 times the punch diameters D1, D2, D3 of the half-punching punches 11a, 11b, 11c. This makes it possible to perform half-punching efficiently while suppressing the burden on the half-punching punches 11a, 11b, 11c. With the above, the half-punching step in the third embodiment is completed, and half-punching holes P are formed in the metal material W. h is formed.

[0074] Next, the punching process is carried out at the punching position. That is, the metal material W is fed from the third half-punching position to the punching position. At the punching position, the scrap portion S of the metal material W is punched out by the punching punch 12. This completes the punching process.

[0075] In the press working methods of the first and second embodiments, the formation of the through holes P was completed when the punching step was completed. In contrast, in the press working method of the third embodiment, a shaving position (shaving punch 13 and shaving die 23) for performing shaving is provided after the punching position (punching punch 12 and punching die 22), and the shaving step is performed after the punching step. In other words, when the punching step is completed and the rough holes P penetrating the metal material W are formed, R When the metal material W is formed (FIG. 8(d)), the metal material W is sent from the punching position to the shaving position. At the shaving position, the shaving punch 13 forms a rough hole P R The inner wall of the through hole P is shaved off. This allows the inner wall of the through hole P to be finished smoothly. Also, the dimensional accuracy of the through hole P can be improved. When the shaving process is finished, the formation of the through hole P in the press working method of the third embodiment is completed.

[0076] In the third embodiment, three half-punching positions (three sets of half-punching punches 11 and half-punching dies 21) are provided, and in the half-punching process, the half-punching punches 11a, 11b, and 11c are struck into the metal material W once each from the same direction, a total of three times. However, the number of times the half-punching punch 11 is struck into the metal material W (the number of sets of half-punching punches 11 and half-punching dies 21) is not limited to three times (three sets), and may be two times (two sets), or four times (four sets) or more.

[0077] When punch 10 is driven into metal material W n times (n is a natural number) (when n sets of half-punching punch 11 and half-punching die 21 are provided), the driving depth H of punch 10 per one time into metal material W in the mth press operation (press operation by mth half-punching punch and mth half-punching die) in the half-punching process (m is a natural number and a variable satisfying 1≦m≦n) m (For example, the driving depths H1, H2 and H3 in Figure 8) are determined by the punch diameter D m(For example, the punch diameters D1, D2, and D3 in FIG. 8) are 0.7 to 1.4 times the punch diameters. m is the punch diameter D m It can be 0.8 times or more, 0.9 times or more, or 1.0 times or more. m is the punch diameter D m The driving depth H can be set to 1.3 times or less, or 1.2 times or less. m may be substantially the same or different among the plurality of half-blanking punches 11.

[0078] Although there are no limitations on the clearances between the respective half-blanking punches 11a, 11b, and 11c and the half-blanking dies 21a, 21b, and 21c, it is preferable that they be negative clearances. This makes it difficult for burrs to form in the through holes P.

[0079] The punch diameters D1, D2, and D3 (FIGS. 8(a) to 8(c)) of the multiple half-punching punches 11a, 11b, and 11c are not limited, but in the third embodiment, they are all made substantially the same from the foremost one (first half-punching punch 11a) to the last one (third half-punching punch 11c). This makes it easier to improve the dimensional accuracy of the through hole P. However, when half-punching is performed at multiple half-punching positions (first half-punching position to third half-punching position) while feeding the metal material W, there is inevitably a certain degree of error in the positioning of the metal material W between the half-punching positions. Therefore, if the punch diameters D1, D2, and D3 of the multiple half-punching punches 11a, 11b, and 11c are made substantially the same, there is a risk that the tips of the half-punching punches 11b and 11c that are behind the foremost one will hit the shoulder of the previously formed half-punched hole.

[0080] For this reason, in the third embodiment, among the multiple half-blanking punches 11a, 11b, and 11c, those other than the front-most punch are subjected to a rounded edge 11r on the peripheral edge of the punch tip. This makes it easier for the half-blanking punches 11b and 11c after the front-most punch to be smoothly inserted into the half-blanked holes that have been formed earlier. In other embodiments, a chamfering process (not shown) can be performed instead of the rounded edge 11r.

[0081] In still another embodiment, when n sets (n is a natural number) of half-punching punches 11 and half-punching dies 21 are provided, the punch diameter D m (m is a natural number and is a variable satisfying 1≦m≦n) can be made smaller toward the later stages. This makes it easier for the half-punching punch 11 after the front-most stage to be smoothly inserted into the half-punching hole formed earlier. However, in this case, it may be difficult to improve the dimensional accuracy and surface accuracy of the through hole, so it is preferable to perform a shaving process, which will be described later, after the half-punching with the half-punching punch is completed. In this case, it is possible to either perform a rounding process 11r (or a chamfering process) on the peripheral edge of the tip of each of the multiple half-punching punches 11 other than the front-most stage, or not.

[0082] Although not limited to, the dimensions d1, d2, d3 (FIGS. 8(a) to 8(c)) of the multiple half-punching dies 21a, 21b, 21c are preferably made larger toward the latter stage. This makes it easier for the scrap portion S to enter the half-punching dies 21a, 21b, 21c when the half-punching punches 11a, 11b, 11c are driven in, thereby further reducing the burden on the half-punching punches 11a, 11b, 11c. Furthermore, when the metal material W is fed from the half-punching position at the former stage to the half-punching position at the latter stage, it also makes it easier for the scrap portion S to be smoothly inserted into the die hole of the half-punching die 21 at the latter stage.

[0083] Remaining plate thickness H at the time when half-blanking process is completed R (Half punched hole P hAs already mentioned, the distance between the bottom surface of the punch 11 and the bottom surface of the metal material W in the vertical direction is not limited. However, when a plurality of half-blanking punches 11 are provided and the rearmost one of the plurality of half-blanking punches 11 (third half-blanking punch 11c) is subjected to rounding 11r on the tip peripheral edge, the remaining plate thickness H R The value can be set to 1 mm or less, or to approximately zero, or to a negative value (half punched hole P h The bottom surface of the punch 11 is positioned below the bottom surface of the metal material W. In other words, the second-last half-punching punch 11 and half-punching die 21 are vertically overlapped at the bottom dead center. In this case, as shown in FIG. 8(c), at the stage where the half-punching process is completed, the metal material W (the part that will become the product) and the scrap portion S are connected by a thin-film connecting portion C. This connecting portion C is work-hardened, so it is prone to cracks. Therefore, in the subsequent punching process, the scrap portion S can be punched out without generating burrs by simply tapping the scrap portion S lightly with the punching punch 12.

[0084] In the third embodiment, the clearance between the punch 12 and the punching die 22 is a positive clearance, as shown in FIG. R Half punched hole P h (Punch diameter D of the punch 11 for the subsequent half-punching stage) n ) is set smaller than

[0085] In the third embodiment, the clearance between the shaving punch 13 and the shaving die 23 is also a positive clearance, as shown in FIG. S (Fig. 8(e)) is usually a rough hole P R Inner diameter (punch diameter D of multiple half-punching punches 11) m The largest punch diameter D MAX ) is set larger than

[0086] In the third embodiment, only one shaving position (only one set of shaving punch 13 and shaving die 23) is provided, but depending on the required accuracy, etc., multiple shaving positions (multiple sets of shaving punch 13 and shaving die 23) can be provided. Also, in another embodiment, the formation of the through hole P can be completed when the punching process is completed, without providing a shaving position or a shaving process.

[0087] In yet another embodiment, shaving can also be performed at the punching position (punching step). R The maximum punch diameter D of the multiple half-punching punches 11 MAX (Rough hole P R By setting the inner diameter of the punch 12 larger than the inner diameter of the punch 12, it is possible to perform punching and shaving simultaneously (in one press operation) at the punching position (using the punch 12 and the punching die 22). This allows the shavings generated by shaving to be pressed against the scrap portion S to be punched out and discharged together, preventing the shavings from scattering.

[0088] In the third embodiment described above, a progressive press machine is used as the press machine, but a similar configuration can be adopted when a transfer press machine is used as the press machine. In this case, however, a transfer device for a transfer press is used as the means for feeding the metal material W, rather than a feed device for a progressive press (not shown). In addition, a press die 300 for a single press (not shown), which is prepared for each of a plurality of processing positions, is used instead of a press die for a progressive press. [Explanation of symbols]

[0089] 10 punches 11 Half punch 11a First half punch 11b Second half-punch 11c Third half punch 12 Punch for punching 13 Shaving punch 20 Die 21 Half-punching die 21a First half-punching die 21b Second half-punching die 21c Third half-blanking die 22 Punching die 23 Shaving Dies 100 Press mold (for single press) 110 Upper mold 120 Lower mold 200 Press mold (for single press) 210 Upper mold 211 Upper die set 212 Fixing Plate 212a Fixed Backing Plate 212b Fixed punch plate 212c Block support wall 212d Punch opening 212e Upper cam groove 212f Lower cam groove 213 Movable Block Passage 214 Movable block (cam slider) 214a Chamfered part 214b Chamfered part 215 Cam member (punch switching means) 215a Punch switching upper cam (upper cam driver) 215a1 cam surface 215a 11 Cam surface for first half blanking 215a 12 Cam surface for second half blanking 215a 1R Cam surface for removal 215b Punch switching lower cam (lower cam driver) 215b1 cam surface 215b 11 Cam surface for first half blanking 215b12 Cam surface for second half blanking 215b2 punch relief groove 215c connection part 220 Lower mold 221 Lower die set 222 Die Plate (Die) 300 Press mold (for progressive press) 310 Upper mold 320 Lower mold W Metal material P through hole P h Half-punched hole S Scrap part C Connection part

Claims

1. A press working method for forming a through hole having a diameter φ equal to or less than a plate thickness t in a processed portion of a metal material having a plate thickness t, using a punch and a die attached to a press device, comprising: a half-punching process in which a punch is driven into the metal material once or multiple times from the same direction to half-punch the metal material; A punching-out process for punching out the part that has been half-punched in the half-punching process for metal materials; Including, In the half-punching process, the punching depth per punch into the metal material is 0.7 to 1.4 times the punch diameter. Press processing method.

2. 2. The press working method according to claim 1, wherein the diameter φ of the through hole is equal to or less than half the plate thickness t.

3. A servo press is used as the press device. By gradually increasing the stroke amount of the punch through servo control of the servo press device, the half-punching process and the punching-out process can be performed with the same punch. The press working method according to claim 1.

4. A press die for single press for forming a through hole having a diameter φ equal to or less than a plate thickness t in a processed portion of a metal material having a plate thickness t, a set of punch and die; an upper die to which the punch is attached; a lower mold to which the die is attached; a punch switching means capable of switching the protruding length of the punch from the upper die in stages; By providing a half-punching mode for punching the metal material once or multiple times from the same direction; a punching-out mode for punching out a portion half-punched in a half-punching mode in a metal material with the punch; You can switch between In the half-punching mode, the punching depth per punch into the metal material is 0.7 to 1.4 times the punch diameter. Press die for single press.

5. a fixed plate fixed to the upper die; a passage for a movable block formed in the fixed plate; a movable block fitted into the movable block passage in a state in which the movable block can move up and down; In addition, The base of the punch is fixed to a movable block, The punch switching method is an upper punch switching cam for contacting the upper surface of the movable block; A punch switching lower cam for contacting the lower surface of the movable block; By moving the movable block vertically, the length of protrusion of the punch from the upper die is changed. The press die according to claim 4.

6. A mechanical or hydraulic press device equipped with the press die according to claim 4 or 5.

7. A press device for forming a through hole having a diameter φ equal to or less than a plate thickness t in a processed portion of a metal material having a plate thickness t by sequentially performing press processing at a plurality of processing positions while feeding the metal material, a half-punching punch and a half-punching die for half-punching a metal material; A punch and die for punching out a part half-punched by a punch and die for punching out a part half-punched in a metal material. Equipped with A plurality of sets of half-blanking punches and half-blanking dies are provided, the distance between which is smaller in the vertical direction at the dead center in the later stages, The driving depth of each half-punch into the metal material is 0.7 to 1.4 times the punch diameter. Press equipment.

8. 8. The press apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the dimensions of the half-blanking dies increase toward the latter stage.

9. The punch diameters of the half-blanking punches are approximately the same from the frontmost punch to the lastmost punch, For half-punching punches other than the front-most punch, the peripheral edge of the punch tip is rounded or chamfered. The press device according to claim 7.

10. 8. The press apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the punch diameter of the half-blank punches decreases toward the latter stage.

11. 8. The press device according to claim 7, further comprising a shaving punch and a shaving die for performing a shaving process, located downstream of the punch and the die.

12. The punch diameter of the punch for punching out is set to be larger than the maximum punch diameter of the plurality of punches for half punching out, By using a punch and die for punching out, punching out and shaving can be performed simultaneously. The press device according to claim 7.

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