Electronic device

Abstract

To provide an electronic device.SOLUTION: A first light passing element, a second light passing element opposite to the first light passing element, and a switchable light control element disposed between the first light passing element and the second light passing element. A first chamber is provided between the first light passing element and the switchable light control element, a second chamber is provided between the second light passing element and the switchable light control element, and the switchable light control element comprises at least one of the light absorbing switching element and the light scattering switching element.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to electronic devices, and more particularly to electronic devices that include switchable light control elements. [Background technology]

[0002] In recent years, smart windows and other electronic devices capable of adjusting the light transmission state (changing the light transmittance to a light transmission form, a light blocking form, a light diffusion form, etc.) have been widely used. Such electronic devices are expected to achieve effects such as thermal insulation and / or sound insulation while being able to adjust the light transmission, light blocking (light blocking form), or light diffusion form. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0003] However, such electronic devices have drawbacks such as poor thermal and / or sound insulation, etc. Therefore, there is currently a need to provide an electronic device that overcomes the drawbacks of the conventional devices.

[0004] Therefore, the present inventors believed that the above drawbacks could be improved, and as a result of extensive research, they came up with the proposal of the present invention, which effectively improves the above problems through rational design.

[0005] The present disclosure has been made in light of the above circumstances, and its object is to provide an electronic device. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] To achieve the above object, an electronic device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes a first light-transmitting element, a second light-transmitting element corresponding to the first light-transmitting element, and a switchable light control element disposed between the first light-transmitting element and the second light-transmitting element, wherein a first chamber is disposed between the first light-transmitting element and the switchable light control element, and a second chamber is disposed between the second light-transmitting element and the switchable light control element, and the switchable light control element includes at least one of a light-absorbing switching element and a light-scattering switching element.

[0007] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, another aspect of the present disclosure provides an electronic device comprising a light-transmitting element, a first switchable light control element for the light-transmitting element, and a second switchable light control element disposed between the light-transmitting element and the first switchable light control element. A first chamber is disposed between the light-transmitting element and the second switchable light control element, and a second chamber is disposed between the first switchable light control element and the second switchable light control element. The first switchable light control element includes one of a light-absorption switching element and a light-scattering switching element, and the second switchable light control element includes the other one of the light-absorption switching element and the light-scattering switching element.

[0008] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems and achieve the object, an electronic device according to yet another aspect of the present disclosure includes a first switchable light control element, a second switchable light control element corresponding to the first switchable light control element, and a light-transmitting element disposed between the first switchable light control element and the second switchable light control element. A first chamber is disposed between the first switchable light control element and the light-transmitting element, and a second chamber is disposed between the second switchable light control element and the light-transmitting element. The first switchable light control element includes one of a light-absorption switching element and a light-scattering switching element, and the second switchable light control element includes the other of the light-absorption switching element and the light-scattering switching element.

[0009] Other features of the present disclosure will become apparent from the description of this specification and the accompanying drawings. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0010] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a light-transmitting element according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 3A] 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a light absorption switching element according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 3B] 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a light absorption switching element according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 4A] 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a light-scattering switching element according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 4B] 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a light-scattering switching element according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 5] 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 6] 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 7] 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 8] 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 9] 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 10] 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 11] 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0011] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present disclosure is not limited to the following embodiments and may take various forms as long as they fall within the technical scope of the present disclosure.

[0012] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the term "including one" or "an" element in this specification does not mean a single element, but may mean one or more elements. Furthermore, ordinal terms such as "first" and "second" used in the specification and claims are used to modify a claimed element, and do not themselves imply or indicate that the claimed element includes any ordinal number before it, nor do they imply an order between a particular claimed element and other claimed elements, nor do they represent a manufacturing order. These ordinal numbers are used merely to clearly distinguish a particular named claimed element from other claimed elements with the same name.

[0013] This disclosure uses specific language to refer to particular components in the specification and claims. Those skilled in the art will understand that electronic equipment manufacturers may refer to the same components by different names. This specification does not intend to distinguish between components with the same function but different names. In the following specification and claims, the terms "comprises," "includes," "has," and the like are open-ended terms and are therefore understood to mean "including, but not limited to." Thus, when the terms "comprises," "includes," and / or "has" are used in describing this disclosure, they refer to the presence of corresponding features, regions, steps, operations, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence of one or more corresponding features, regions, steps, operations, and / or components.

[0014] As used herein, the terms "about," "approximately," "substantially," and "roughly" typically refer to values ​​within 10%, 5%, 3%, 2%, 1%, or 0.5% of a given value or range. These given quantities are approximate, meaning that even in the absence of specific descriptions, the meanings of "about," "approximately," "substantially," and "roughly" are included. Furthermore, the terms "a range between a first numerical value and a second numerical value" and "a range between a first numerical value and a second numerical value" imply that the range includes the first numerical value, the second numerical value, and any other numerical values ​​therebetween.

[0015] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. These terms are, for example, terms defined in commonly used dictionaries, and are understood to have a meaning consistent with the relevant art and the background and context of this disclosure, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly rigid manner unless otherwise defined.

[0016] Furthermore, relative terms such as "lower," "bottom," "upper," and "top" used in the examples describe the relationship of one component to another component in the drawings. Incidentally, if a device in the drawings is upside down, the component on the "lower" side would be the component on the "upper" side. When a corresponding component (e.g., a film layer or region) is "on another component," it may be directly on the other component, or another component may exist between the two. When a component is "directly on another component," no component exists between the two. Furthermore, when a component is "on another component," a vertical relationship exists when the two components are viewed from above, and the component is above or below the other component, and this vertical relationship determines the orientation of the device.

[0017] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, it is understood that the thickness, width, or distance between each component may be measured using an optical microscope (OM), a scanning electron microscope (SEM), a thin film thickness measurement device (α-step), an ellipsometer, or other suitable method. According to some embodiments, a scanning electron microscope is used to obtain an image including the cross-sectional structure of the component to be measured, and the thickness, width, or distance between each component is measured. Furthermore, there may be a certain error in the numerical values ​​or directions compared using any two of these. When the first value is equal to the second value, there may be an error of approximately 10% between the first and second values. When the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction, the angle between the first and second directions may be between 80° and 100°. When the first direction is parallel to the second direction, the angle between the first and second directions may be between 0° and 10°.

[0018] In the present disclosure, the electronic device may include a display device, a backlight device, an antenna device, a sensor device, or a bonding device, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. The electronic device may be a bendable or flexible electronic device. The display device may be a non-self-luminous display device or a self-luminous display device. The antenna device may be a liquid crystal type antenna device or a non-liquid crystal type antenna device. The sensor device may be a sensor device that detects capacitance, light, thermal energy, or ultrasonic waves, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. The electronic components may include passive and active elements, such as capacitors, resistors, inductors, diodes, and transistors. The diode may include a light-emitting diode or a photodiode. The light-emitting diode may include, for example, an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), a mini LED (mini LED), a micro LED (micro LED), or a quantum dot LED, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. The bonding device may be, for example, a display bonding device or an antenna bonding device, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. It should be noted that the electronic device may be a combination of the above-mentioned components in any arrangement, and the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Hereinafter, the present disclosure will be described with reference to a display device as an electronic device or a connecting device, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. The electronic device may have an outer shape of a rectangle, a circle, a polygon, a shape with curved sides, or any other suitable shape. The electronic device may also have peripheral systems, such as a processing system, a driving system, a control system, a light source system, and a shelving system, that support the display device or the connecting device.

[0019] It should be noted that the technical methods according to the different embodiments described below may be interchangeable, combined, or mixed together to form other embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure.

[0020] Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 2 is an oblique view of a light-transmitting element according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 3A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-absorption switching element according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 3B is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-absorption switching element according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 4A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-scattering switching element according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 4B is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-scattering switching element according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, an electronic device may include a first light-transmitting element 1, a second light-transmitting element 2 relative to the first light-transmitting element 1, and a switchable light control element 3 disposed between the first light-transmitting element 1 and the second light-transmitting element 2. A first chamber C1 is provided between the first light-transmitting element 1 and the switchable light control element 3, and a second chamber C2 is provided between the second light-transmitting element 2 and the switchable light control element 3. The switchable light control element 3 includes at least one of a light-absorbing switching element and a light-scattering switching element (see FIG. 1 ).

[0022] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 1, the electronic device may include a first frame 41 disposed between the first light-transmitting element 1 and the switchable light control element 3 to form a first chamber C1, a second frame 42 disposed between the second light-transmitting element 2 and the switchable light control element 3 to form a second chamber C2, and a protective structure 5 disposed between the first light-transmitting element 1 and the second light-transmitting element 2 and covering a side surface of the first frame 41 (e.g., a first outer surface 41s1) and a side surface of the second frame 42 (e.g., a second outer surface 42s1). More specifically, in this embodiment, the first frame 41 and the second frame 42 each have an annular structure. The annular structures may have different designs depending on the outer shape of the electronic device. For example, in a cross-sectional view (see FIG. 1 ), the first frame 41 has a first outer surface 41s1 and a first inner surface 41s2, the second frame 42 has a second outer surface 42s1 and a second inner surface 42s2, and the protective structure 5 contacts the first outer surface 41s1 of the first frame 41 and the second outer surface 42s1 of the second frame 42, respectively. However, this disclosure is not limited to this. In this embodiment, the first outer surface 41s1 and the second outer surface 42s1 are substantially aligned, but this disclosure is not limited to this. In this disclosure, the first inner surface 41s2 and the second inner surface 42s2 are substantially aligned, but this disclosure is not limited to this. In another embodiment (not shown), the first outer surface 41s1 and the second outer surface 42s1 are not aligned, and the first inner surface 41s2 and the second inner surface 42s2 are not aligned. In another embodiment (not shown), another material layer (e.g., a waterproof layer or an adhesive layer, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto) may be optionally inserted between the protective structure 5 and the first outer surface 41s1 of the first frame 41 and the second outer surface 42s1 of the second frame 42, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In addition, the electronic device may further include a first heat-resistant material M1 disposed in the first chamber C1 and a second heat-resistant material M2 disposed in the second chamber C2, and the first inner surface 41s2 of the first frame 41 may be in contact with the first heat-resistant material M1 and the second inner surface 42s2 of the second frame 42 may be in contact with the second heat-resistant material M2, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0023] The present disclosure relates to combining a switchable light control element 3 and two light-transmitting elements (e.g., a first light-transmitting element 1 and a second light-transmitting element 2) to form an electronic device having two chambers (e.g., a first chamber C1 and a second chamber C2), and filling the chambers with a suitable heat-resistant material may allow the electronic device to achieve the effects of heat insulation, soundproofing, blocking external light, or transmitting external light, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. The present disclosure also relates to combining more switchable light control elements 3 and two light-transmitting elements (e.g., a first light-transmitting element 1 and a second light-transmitting element 2) to form more chambers as needed.

[0024] In the present disclosure, the first light-transmitting element 1 and / or the second light-transmitting element 2 may have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure. For example, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 2, the first light-transmitting element 1 may include a first substrate 11, a second substrate 12 disposed relative to the first substrate 11, and an adhesive layer 13 disposed between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12. In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the second light-transmitting element 2 may have a multi-layer structure as shown in FIG. 2, and the description thereof will not be repeated. In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first light-transmitting element 1 and the second light-transmitting element 2 may each have a multi-layer structure as shown in FIG. 2, and the description thereof will not be repeated. When the light-transmitting element has a multi-layer structure, the thermal insulation or soundproofing effect of the electronic device is improved. In the present disclosure, the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 may be manufactured using the same or different materials. The materials for the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 may include, but are not limited to, glass, quartz, sapphire, ceramic, polycarbonate (PC), polyimide (PI), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), other suitable substrate materials, or combinations thereof. In the present disclosure, the materials for the adhesive layer 13 may include, but are not limited to, polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), optical clear adhesive (OCA), optical clear resin (OCR), other suitable materials, or combinations thereof. The adhesive layer 13 can be used to attach the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 to each other. In some embodiments, the adhesive layer 13 may optionally have a UV-resistant effect, for example, a transmittance of ultraviolet light of less than 50%, although the present disclosure is not limited thereto.In the present disclosure, the thickness T3 of the first light transmission element 1 and the thickness T4 of the second light transmission element 2 may be the same or different, and the thickness T3 of the first light transmission element 1 and the thickness T4 of the second light transmission element 2 may be in the range of 3 mm to 30 mm (i.e., 3 mm ≦ T3 ≦ 30 mm, 3 mm ≦ T4 ≦ 30 mm), 3 mm to 25 mm (i.e., 3 mm ≦ T3 ≦ 25 mm, 3 mm ≦ T4 ≦ 25 mm), 3 mm to 20 mm (i.e., 3 mm ≦ T3 ≦ 20 mm, 3 mm ≦ T4 ≦ 20 mm), or 3 mm to 15 mm (i.e., 3 mm ≦ T3 ≦ 15 mm, 3 mm ≦ T4 ≦ 15 mm). The aforementioned "thickness of the light transmission element" refers to, for example, the average distance between any three arbitrary points on the upper and lower surfaces of the first light transmission element 1 or the second light transmission element 2 in the normal direction Z (i.e., cross section) of the light transmission element.

[0025] In the present disclosure, the first frame 41 and the second frame 42 may be manufactured using the same or different materials, including, but not limited to, metal, plastic, ceramic, other suitable materials, or combinations thereof. In the present disclosure, the protective structure 5 may include a transparent or opaque material, for example, the protective structure 5 may include a black, white, or transparent material. The protective structure 5 may be used to secure the first light-transmitting element 1, the second light-transmitting element 2, and / or the switchable light control element 3 to each other and may reduce the intrusion of air or moisture into the first chamber C1 and / or the second chamber C2, thereby improving the soundproofing or heat-insulating effect of the electronic device.

[0026] In the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 1, in the normal direction Z of the first light-transmitting element 1, the first chamber C1 has a first thickness T1, and the second chamber C2 has a second thickness T2, and the first thickness T1 and the second thickness T2 are, respectively, 1 mm or more and 22 mm or less (i.e., 1 mm≦T1≦22 mm, 1 mm≦T2≦22 mm), 1 mm or more and 20 mm or less (i.e., 1 mm≦T1≦20 mm, 1 mm≦T2≦20 mm), 1 mm or more and 18 mm or less (i.e., 1 mm≦T1≦18 mm, 1 mm≦T2≦18 mm), and 3 mm or more and 20 mm or less (i.e., 3 mm≦T1≦20 mm, 3 mm≦T2≦20 mm), or the first thickness T1 and the second thickness T2 are, respectively, 6 mm or more and 20 mm or less (i.e., 6 mm≦T1≦20 mm, 6 mm≦T2≦20 mm), but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. When the thicknesses of the first chamber C1 and the second chamber C2 comply with the above-mentioned restrictions, the electronic device can be made thinner while still providing soundproofing or heat insulation for the electronic device. The aforementioned "first thickness" refers to, for example, the average distance between any three positions between the first light-transmitting element 1 and the switchable light control element 3 in the normal direction Z (i.e., cross section) of the first light-transmitting element 1. The aforementioned "second thickness" refers to, for example, the average distance between any three positions between the second light-transmitting element 2 and the switchable light control element 3 in the normal direction Z (i.e., cross section) of the first light-transmitting element 1.

[0027] In the present disclosure, the first heat-resistant material M1 and the second heat-resistant material M2 may be the same or different, and the thermal conductivity of the first heat-resistant material M1 and the second heat-resistant material M2 is 50×10 -3 W m -1 ·K -1 In some disclosures, the thermal conductivity of the first heat-resistant material M1 and the second heat-resistant material M2 may be less than 45×10 -3 W m -1 ·K -1 In some disclosures, the thermal conductivity of the first heat-resistant material M1 and the second heat-resistant material M2 may be less than 40×10 -3 W m -1 ·K -1The first heat-resistant material M1 and the second heat-resistant material M2 may be, for example, a vacuum or an inert gas (e.g., helium, argon gas, or other suitable inert gas), but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. When the first heat-resistant material M1 and the second heat-resistant material M2 comply with the above-mentioned restrictions, the soundproofing or heat-insulating effect of the electronic device is improved.

[0028] 1 , the electronic device further includes adhesives 6 respectively disposed on both sides of the first frame 41 and the second frame 42, fixing the first frame 41 between the first light-transmitting element 1 and the switchable light control element 3, and fixing the second frame 42 between the second light-transmitting element 2 and the switchable light control element 3. More specifically, the adhesive 6 may be disposed between the first frame 41 and the first light-transmitting element 1 to bond the first frame 41 and the first light-transmitting element 1 to each other, or the adhesive 6 may be disposed between the first frame 41 and the switchable light control element 3 to bond the first frame 41 and the switchable light control element 3 to each other. Similarly, the adhesive 6 may be disposed between the second frame 42 and the second light-transmitting element 2 to bond them together, and the adhesive 6 may be disposed between the second frame 42 and the switchable light control element 3 to bond them together. In the present disclosure, the material of the adhesive 6 may include, but is not limited to, butyl adhesive, glass adhesive, optical adhesive (e.g., UV curing adhesive), silicone adhesive, double-sided tape, hot melt adhesive, moisture curing adhesive, AB adhesive, polymer adhesive, or a combination thereof.

[0029] 1 , the protective structure 5 is disposed between the first light-transmitting element 1 and the second light-transmitting element 2, a portion of the switchable light control element 3 can be fitted into the protective structure 5, and the protective structure 5 can cover the side surface 3s of the switchable light control element 3. More specifically, the width W1 of the portion of the switchable light control element 3 fitted into the protective structure 5 can be 1 mm or more and 8 mm or less (i.e., 1 mm≦W1≦8 mm), for example, the width W1 of the portion can be 1 mm or more and 6 mm or less (i.e., 1 mm≦W1≦6 mm), or the width W1 of the portion can be 2 mm or more and 5 mm or less (i.e., 2 mm≦W1≦5 mm), but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. When a portion of the switchable light control element 3 is fitted into the protective structure 5 (i.e., the width W1 of the portion falls within the above-mentioned range), the contact area between the protective structure 5 and the switchable light control element 3 increases, reducing the chances of the switchable light control element 3 being compressed and damaged, thereby improving reliability.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the thickness T5 of the switchable light control element 3 may be in the range of 0.5 mm to 8 mm (i.e., 0.5 mm≦T5≦8 mm), 0.5 mm to 6 mm (i.e., 0.5 mm≦T5≦6 mm), 1 mm to 5 mm (i.e., 1 mm≦T5≦5 mm), 1 mm to 4 mm (i.e., 1 mm≦T5≦4 mm), or 1 mm to 3 mm (i.e., 1 mm≦T5≦3 mm), but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. The aforementioned "thickness of the switchable light control element" refers to, for example, the average distance between any three positions from the top surface to the bottom surface of the switchable light control element 3 in the normal direction Z (i.e., cross section) of the first light-transmitting element 1. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first thickness T1 of the first chamber C1 and the second thickness T2 of the second chamber C2 may each be equal to or greater than the thickness T5 of the switchable light control element 3, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first thickness T1 of the first chamber C1 and the second thickness T2 of the second chamber C2 may each be less than the thickness T5 of the switchable light control element 3, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the thickness T3 of the first light transmission element 1 may be greater than the thickness T5 of the switchable light control element 3, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the thickness T4 of the second light transmission element 2 may be greater than the thickness T5 of the switchable light control element 3, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0031] 3A and 3B, the switchable light control element may be, for example, a light absorbing switching element 31. The light absorbing switching element 31 is switchable between a light blocking mode and a light transmitting mode, so that when the switchable light control element is the light absorbing switching element 31, the electronic device can be switched between a light blocking mode and a light transmitting mode. The light absorbing switching element 31 will be described in detail below.

[0032] In this embodiment, as shown in Figures 3A and 3B, the light absorption switching element 31 may include a third substrate 311, a fourth substrate 312 arranged relative to the third substrate 311, a first light modulation layer 313 arranged between the third substrate 311 and the fourth substrate 312, a first electrode layer 314 arranged between the third substrate 311 and the first light modulation layer 313, and a second electrode layer 315 arranged between the fourth substrate 312 and the first light modulation layer 313, and the first light modulation layer 313 includes a liquid crystal material 3131 and / or a dye material 3132. 3A , by applying voltages to the first electrode layer 314 and the second electrode layer 315, respectively, and generating a vertical electric field between the first electrode layer 314 and the second electrode layer 315, the alignment of the liquid crystal material 3131 and / or the dye material 3132 in the first light modulation layer 313 can be controlled, and the light absorption switching element 3 can be switched between the light-blocking mode and the light-transmitting mode, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In other embodiments (not shown), the first electrode layer 314 and the second electrode layer 315 may be formed on the same substrate, for example, the first electrode layer 314 and the second electrode layer 315 may be formed between the third substrate 311 and the first light modulation layer 313. The first electrode layer 314 and the second electrode layer 315 may be electrode layers located on the same layer or different layers. When the first electrode layer 314 and the second electrode layer 315 are located on the same layer, an in-plane switching structure (IPS) is formed when a voltage is applied between the first electrode layer 314 and the second electrode layer 315, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. When the first electrode layer 314 and the second electrode layer 315 are located on different layers, a fringe field switching structure (FFS) is formed when a voltage is applied between the first electrode layer 314 and the second electrode layer 315, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0033] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, when no voltage is applied to the first electrode layer 314 and the second electrode layer 315, as shown in FIG. 3A, the long axis directions of the liquid crystal material 3131 and the dye material 3132 in the first light modulation layer 313 are, for example, approximately perpendicular to the polarization direction (for example, the horizontal polarization direction or the vertical polarization direction) of the incident light L1, and the incident light L1 is, for example, not easily absorbed by the dye material 3132, and the light absorption switching element 31 exhibits a transmissive form. 3B , if a negative-type liquid crystal is selected as the liquid crystal material 3131, the major axis direction of most of the liquid crystal material 3131 and / or the dye material 3132 in the first light modulation layer 313 becomes approximately parallel to the polarization direction (e.g., vertical polarization direction) of the incident light L1, and the incident light L1 becomes easily absorbed by the dye material 3132, causing the light absorption switching element 31 to assume the light-blocking mode or grayscale mode. The above-described method for switching the light absorption switching element 31 between the light-blocking mode and the transmissive mode is merely an example, and other methods may also be used to switch between the light-blocking mode and the transmissive mode.

[0034] In the present disclosure, the third substrate 311 and the fourth substrate 312 may be manufactured using the same or different materials. The materials of the third substrate 311 and the fourth substrate 312 may be the first substrate 11 or the second substrate 12, respectively, but the description thereof will not be repeated. In the present disclosure, the first light modulation layer 313 may be a guest-host type liquid crystal (GHLC), for example, including a liquid crystal material 3131 and a dye material 3132. The liquid crystal material may include a negative type liquid crystal, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In the present disclosure, the dye material 3132 may include a dichroic dye and have an absorptivity for light with a wavelength in the range of 380 nm to 780 nm (380 nm≦wavelength≦780 nm). The color absorbed by the dye material 3132 may include, for example, black, purple, orange, blue, other colors, or combinations thereof, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In the present disclosure, the first electrode layer 314 and the second electrode layer 315 may be fabricated using the same or different materials, and the materials for the first electrode layer 314 and the second electrode layer 315 may include, but are not limited to, transparent conductive materials such as metal oxides, alloys thereof, or combinations thereof. Suitable metal oxides include, but are not limited to, indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), indium tin zinc oxide (ITZO), indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO), or combinations thereof.

[0035] The above is merely an example, and the liquid crystal material 3131 of the first light modulating layer 313 may be any suitable liquid crystal material as needed (e.g., cholesteric liquid crystal, twisted nematic liquid crystal (TN), polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC), polymer network liquid crystal (PNLC), polymer stabilized cholesteric structure (PSCT)), and the liquid crystal is not limited to using positive type liquid crystal or negative type liquid crystal. In other embodiments (not shown), the first light modulating layer 313 may include an electrochromic material, a suspended particle device (SPD), or any other suitable material applicable to light modulation, and the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0036] 4A and 4B, the switchable light control element may be, for example, a light scattering switching element 32. The light scattering switching element 32 can be switched between a light scattering mode and a light transmitting mode, so that when the switchable light control element is the light scattering switching element 32, the electronic device can be switched between a light blocking mode and a light transmitting mode. The light scattering switching element 32 will be described in more detail below.

[0037] 4A and 4B , the light-scattering switching element 32 may include a fifth substrate 321, a sixth substrate 322 disposed relative to the fifth substrate 321, a second light-modulating layer 323 disposed between the fifth substrate 321 and the sixth substrate 322, a third electrode layer 324 disposed between the fifth substrate 321 and the second light-modulating layer 323, and a fourth electrode layer 325 disposed between the sixth substrate 322 and the second light-modulating layer 323. The second light-modulating layer 323 includes a liquid crystal material 3231 or other suitable modulatable light-scattering material. By applying a voltage to the third electrode layer 324 and the fourth electrode layer 325 to generate a vertical electric field, the alignment of the liquid crystal material 3231 in the second light-modulating layer 323 can be controlled to switch the light-scattering switching element 32 between a light-scattering state and a transmissive state.

[0038] In other embodiments (not shown), the third electrode layer 324 and the fourth electrode layer 325 may be formed on the same substrate, for example, or may be formed between the fifth substrate 321 and the second light modulation layer 323, for example. The third electrode layer 324 and the fourth electrode layer 325 may be located on the same layer or on different electrode layers. When the third electrode layer 324 and the fourth electrode layer 325 are located on the same layer, the third electrode layer 324 and the fourth electrode layer 325 may be, for example, an in-plane switching (IPS) structure, although the present disclosure is not limited thereto. When the third electrode layer 324 and the fourth electrode layer 324 are located on different layers, the third electrode layer 324 and the fourth electrode layer 324 may be, for example, a fringe field switching (FFS) structure, although the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0039] When no voltage is applied to the third electrode layer 324 and the fourth electrode layer 325, the liquid crystal material 3231 in the second light modulation layer 323 is, for example, irregularly aligned, as shown in FIG. 4A. In this case, most of the incident light L2 passes through the aligned liquid crystal material 3231 (e.g., cholesteric liquid crystal), resulting in a scattering mode, and the light-scattering switching element 32 exhibits a light-scattering mode. When a voltage is applied to the third electrode layer 324 and the fourth electrode layer 325 (e.g., a vertical electric field), the liquid crystal material 3231 in the second light modulation layer 323 is, for example, regularly aligned (e.g., the long axis direction of the liquid crystal material 3231 is aligned along the electric field direction), as shown in FIG. 4B. In this case, most of the incident light L2 is able to transmit through the light-scattering switching element 32, resulting in the light-transmitting mode, of the light-scattering switching element 32. The above-described method for switching the light scattering switching element 32 between the light scattering mode and the light transmitting mode is merely an example, and other methods for switching may also be used.

[0040] In the present disclosure, the fifth substrate 321 and the sixth substrate 322 may be manufactured using the same or different materials, and the materials of the fifth substrate 321 and the sixth substrate 322 may be the first substrate 11 or the second substrate 12, respectively, and the description thereof will not be repeated. In the present disclosure, the liquid crystal material 3231 of the second light modulation layer 323 may include a polymer stabilized cholesteric texture (PSCT), a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC), a polymer network liquid crystal (PNLC), other suitable liquid crystal materials, or combinations thereof, and the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In the present disclosure, the third electrode layer 324 and the fourth electrode layer 325 may be manufactured using the same or different materials, and the materials of the third electrode layer 324 and the fourth electrode layer 325 may be the first electrode layer 321 or the second electrode layer 322, respectively, and the description thereof will not be repeated.

[0041] 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The electronic device in FIG. 5 is similar to that in FIG. 1, but has the following differences.

[0042] 5 , the switchable light control element 3 of the electronic device may not be inserted into the protective structure 5, but the protective structure 5 may be in contact with the side surface 3s of the switchable light control element 3, and the inner surface of the protective structure 5 may be substantially aligned with the side surface 3s of the switchable light control element 3. In other words, the width W1 shown in FIG. 1 may be zero in this embodiment, or the first outer surface 41s1 and / or the second outer surface 42s1 may be substantially aligned with the side surface 3s of the switchable light control element 3. In other embodiments (not shown), the switchable light control element 3 may be slightly recessed from the first frame 41 or the second frame 42, i.e., the first outer surface 41s1 and the second outer surface 42s1 may protrude beyond the side surface 3s of the switchable light control element 3.

[0043] The other features of this embodiment have been described above and will not be described again.

[0044] 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The electronic device in FIG. 6 is similar to that in FIG. 1, but has the following differences.

[0045] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 6 , the switchable light control element 3 of the electronic device may include a light absorption switching element 31 and a light scattering switching element 32. More specifically, the switchable light control element 3 includes the light absorption switching element 31 disposed between the first light transmission element 1 and the light scattering switching element 32, and the light scattering switching element 32 disposed between the second light transmission element 2 and the light absorption switching element 31. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6 , the light absorption switching element 31 is disposed closer to the first light transmission element 1 (e.g., closer to the outside of the room) than the light scattering switching element 32, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the positions of the light absorption switching element 31 and the light scattering switching element 32 may be interchangeable, i.e., the light absorption switching element 31 may be disposed closer to the second light transmission element 2 (e.g., closer to the inside of the room) than the light scattering switching element 32. In this embodiment, the switchable light control element 3 includes a light absorption switching element 31 and a light scattering switching element 32, and by switching the light absorption switching element 31 and the light scattering switching element 32 to a light blocking mode, a light transmitting mode, or other gray scale mode, the degree of transmission of the light beam incident from the first light transmitting element 1 or the second light transmitting element 2 can be selectively adjusted as needed.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 6 , an adhesive element 7 may be provided between the light absorption switching element 31 and the light scattering switching element 32 to adhere the light absorption switching element 31 and the light scattering switching element 32 to each other. In the present disclosure, the adhesive element 7 is a transparent material, and suitable materials may include polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), optical clear adhesive (OCA), optical clear resin (OCR), other suitable materials, or combinations thereof, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the adhesive element 7 substantially overlaps the light absorption switching element 31 and the light scattering switching element 32 in the switchable light control element 3. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the adhesive element 7 may overlap the first chamber C1 and / or the first chamber C2. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the projected area of ​​the adhesive element 7 on the first light transmission element 1 may be equal to or smaller than the projected area of ​​the light absorption switching element 31 or the light scattering switching element 32 on the first light transmission element 1.

[0047] In the present disclosure, the cross-sectional sizes (width or thickness) of the light absorption switching element 31 and the light scattering switching element 32 may be substantially the same, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In other embodiments (not shown), the sizes (width or thickness) of the light absorption switching element 31 and the light scattering switching element 32 may be different.

[0048] In the present disclosure, other features of the electronic device and detailed features of the light absorption switching element 31 and the light scattering switching element 32 have been described above, and therefore will not be described again. Furthermore, in some embodiments (not shown) of the present disclosure, the switchable light control element 3 of the electronic device may not be embedded in the protective structure 5. That is, the light absorption switching element 31 and the light scattering switching element 32 may not be embedded in the protective structure 5, and the side surface 31s of the light absorption switching element 31 and the side surface 32s of the light scattering switching element 32 may be generally aligned with, for example, the first outer surface 41s1 and / or the second outer surface 42s1. The protective structure 5 may contact the side surface 31s of the light absorption switching element 31, the side surface 32s of the light scattering switching element 32, the first outer surface 41s1, and / or the second outer surface 42s1, respectively. In other words, the width W1 shown in FIG. 6 may be 0 in other embodiments of the present disclosure. In certain embodiments of the present disclosure, the widths of the light absorbing switching elements 31 and the light scattering switching elements 32 in the switchable light control element 3 may be the same or different.

[0049] 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The electronic device in FIG. 7 is similar to that in FIG. 6, but has the following differences.

[0050] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 7 , an adhesive element 7 may be provided between the light absorption switching element 31 and the light scattering switching element 32 to bond the light absorption switching element 31 and the light scattering switching element 32 to each other, and the adhesive element 7 may be a patterned adhesive element. More specifically, a spacer layer SL may be provided between the light absorption switching element 31 and the light scattering switching element 32, and the adhesive element 7 is disposed to surround the spacer layer SL. In the normal direction Z of the first light transmission element 1, the partial spacer layer SL may at least partially overlap with the first chamber C1 or the second chamber C2, and the partial adhesive element 7 may overlap with the first frame 41, the second frame 42, or the protective structure 5. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the projected area of ​​the spacer layer SL on the first light transmission element 1 may be equal to or greater than the projected area of ​​the first chamber C1 or the second chamber C2 on the first light transmission element 1. In some embodiments (not shown) of the present disclosure, the projected area of ​​the spacer layer SL on the first light-transmitting element 1 may be less than the projected area of ​​the first light-transmitting element 1 in the first chamber C1 or the second chamber C2. In some embodiments, the width W7 of the adhesive element 7 in cross section may be greater than the width W41 of the first frame 41 or the width W42 of the second frame 42. In some embodiments, the width W7 of the adhesive element 7 in cross section is greater than the width W1.

[0051] In the present disclosure, the adhesive element 7 may be a transparent or opaque material, and suitable materials may include, but are not limited to, polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), optical clear adhesive (OCA), optical clear resin (OCR), other suitable materials, or combinations thereof. In the present disclosure, the spacer layer SL may be a vacuum or contain an inert gas (helium, argon gas, etc.), but is not limited thereto.

[0052] In the present disclosure, other features of the electronic device and detailed features of the light absorption switching element 31 and the light scattering switching element 32 have been described above, and the description thereof will not be repeated. Also, in some embodiments (not shown) of the present disclosure, the switchable light control element 3 of the electronic device may not be embedded in the protective structure 5, i.e., the light absorption switching element 31 and the light scattering switching element 32 may not be embedded in the protective structure 5. In other words, the width W1 shown in FIG. 7 may be 0 in other embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0053] Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The electronic device in Fig. 8 is similar to that in Fig. 6, but has the following differences: The sun pattern in Fig. 8 represents the outdoor side.

[0054] 8, the switchable light control element 3 of the electronic device may not be fitted into the protective structure 5, i.e., the light absorption switching element 31 and the light scattering switching element 32 may not be fitted into the protective structure 5, and the inner sides of the protective structure 5 are substantially aligned with the side surfaces 31s of the light absorption switching element 31 and the side surfaces 32s of the light scattering switching element 32, respectively. In other words, the width W1 shown in FIG. 6 may be 0 in this embodiment.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 8 , the electronic device may further include an image generating element 8 for generating an image, and the light-scattering switching element 32 is disposed between the light-absorbing switching element 31 and the image generating element 8. In projection mode, the image generated by the image generating element 8 is displayed by sequentially passing through the light-scattering switching element 32 and the light-absorbing switching element 31. Thus, the incorporation of the image generating element 8 provides the electronic device with a projection function, achieving an image display effect (including, but not limited to, characters or screens). In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the light-absorbing switching element 31 may be disposed closer to the outdoor side than the light-scattering switching element 32.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the electronic device may be switched between a light blocking mode and a transmission mode, as shown in Figure 8. Furthermore, since the electronic device according to this embodiment includes an image generating element 8, it can be switched to a projection mode to display an image as needed. The corresponding component relationships between the modes are shown in Table 1 below. [Table 1]

[0057] In the transmissive mode, the electronic device does not need to activate the image-generating element 8, and the light-absorbing switching element 31 and the light-scattering switching element 32 may each be in the transmissive state. In this way, light passes through the light-absorbing switching element 31 and the light-scattering switching element 32, respectively, and the electronic device is in the transmissive mode. In the light-blocking mode, the electronic device does not need to activate the image-generating element 8, and the light-absorbing switching element 31 may be in the light-blocking state and the light-scattering switching element 32 may be in the light-diffusing state. More specifically, when light passes through the light-absorbing switching element 31, the incident light is easily absorbed, and the light-absorbing switching element 31 is in the light-blocking state. Furthermore, when light passes through the light-scattering switching element 32, the incident light is easily scattered, and the light-scattering switching element 32 is in the light-scattering state, and the electronic device is in the light-blocking mode. When the electronic device is in a projection mode and activates the image generating element 8, the light absorbing switching element 31 is in a suitable grayscale mode and the light scattering switching element 32 is in a light scattering mode, and the image generated by the image generating element 8 is displayed by sequentially passing through the light scattering switching element 32 and the light absorbing switching element 31.

[0058] In the present disclosure, other features of the electronic device and detailed features of the light-absorbing switching element 31 and the light-scattering switching element 32 have been described above and will not be described again.

[0059] 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The electronic device in FIG. 9 is similar to that in FIG. 1, but has the following differences.

[0060] 9, the protective structure 5 may be disposed between the first light-transmitting element 1 and the second light-transmitting element 2, and the protective structure 5 covers or contacts the side surface 1s of the first light-transmitting element 1, the side surface 2s of the second light-transmitting element 2, the side surface (e.g., the first outer surface 41s1) of the first frame 41, and the side surface (e.g., the second outer surface 42s1) of the second frame 42. This increases the contact area between the protective structure 5 and the first light-transmitting element 1 and the second light-transmitting element 2, thereby improving the reliability of the electronic device.

[0061] In this disclosure, the material of the protective structure 5 has been described above and the description thereof will not be repeated. In addition, other features of the electronic device and detailed features of the light-absorbing switching element 31 and the light-scattering switching element 32 have been described above and the description thereof will not be repeated.

[0062] 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and the sun pattern shown in FIG.

[0063] 10, an electronic device may include a light-transmitting element 10, a first switchable light control element 3-1 for the light-transmitting element 10, and a second switchable light control element 3-2 disposed between the light-transmitting element 10 and the first switchable light control element 3-1. A first chamber C1 is provided between the light-transmitting element 10 and the second switchable light control element 3-2, and a second chamber C2 is provided between the first switchable light control element 3-1 and the second switchable light control element 3-2. The first switchable light control element 3-1 includes one of a light-absorbing switching element and a light-scattering switching element, and the second switchable light control element 3-2 includes the other of a light-absorbing switching element and a light-scattering switching element.

[0064] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 10 , the electronic device may include a first frame 41 disposed between the light-transmitting element 10 and the second switchable light control element 3-2 to form a first chamber C1, a second frame 42 disposed between the first switchable light control element 3-1 and the second switchable light control element 3-2 to form a second chamber C2, and a protective structure 5 disposed between the light-transmitting element 10 and the first switchable light control element 3-1 and covering the side of the first frame 41 and the side of the second frame 42. More specifically, in the present disclosure, the first frame 41 and the second frame 42 may each have an annular structure. Therefore, in a cross-sectional view (see FIG. 10 ), the first frame 41 may have a first outer surface 41s1 and a first inner surface 41s2, and the second frame 42 may have a second outer surface 42s1 and a second inner surface 42s2. The protective structure 5 may be in contact with the first outer surface 41s1 of the first frame 41 and the second outer surface 42s1 of the second frame 42, respectively. The electronic device may further include a first heat-resistant material M1 disposed in the first chamber C1 and a second heat-resistant material M2 disposed in the second chamber C2. The first inner surface 41s2 of the first frame 41 may be in contact with the first heat-resistant material M1, and the second inner surface 42s2 of the second frame 42 may be in contact with the second heat-resistant material M2.

[0065] In the present disclosure, an electronic device having two chambers (e.g., a first chamber C1 and a second chamber C2) is formed by combining a light-transmitting element 10 with a first switchable light control element 3-1 and a second switchable light control element 3-2. By filling the chambers with an appropriate heat-resistant material, the electronic device can achieve the effects of heat insulation, soundproofing, blocking external light, or transmitting external light. For the first heat-resistant material M1 and the second heat-resistant material M2, please refer to the above description. Similarly, for the design of the thicknesses of the first chamber C1 and the second chamber C2, or the relationship between the thicknesses of the first chamber C1 and the second chamber C2 and the thicknesses of other components, please refer to the above description.

[0066] 10 , the electronic device further includes adhesives 6 respectively disposed on both sides of the first frame 41 and the second frame 42, fixing the first frame 41 between the light-transmitting element 10 and the second switchable light control element 3-2, and fixing the second frame 42 between the first switchable light control element 3-1 and the second switchable light control element 3-2. More specifically, the adhesive 6 may be disposed between the first frame 41 and the light-transmitting element 10 to bond the first frame 41 and the light-transmitting element 10 together, or the adhesive 6 may be disposed between the first frame 41 and the second switchable light control element 3-2 to bond the first frame 41 and the second switchable light control element 3-2 together. Similarly, adhesive 6 may be placed between the second frame 42 and the first switchable light control element 3-1 to bond the second frame 42 and the first switchable light control element 3-1 to each other, and adhesive 6 may be placed between the second frame 42 and the second switchable light control element 3-2 to bond the second frame 42 and the second switchable light control element 3-2 to each other.

[0067] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first switchable light control element 3-1 may be, for example, a light-scattering switching element 32 (see FIGS. 4A and 4B), and the second switchable light control element 3-2 may be, for example, a light-absorbing switching element 31 (see FIGS. 3A and 3B), but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In other embodiments of the present disclosure, the first switchable light control element 3-1 may be, for example, a light-absorbing switching element 31 (see FIGS. 3A and 3B), and the second switchable light control element 3-2 may be, for example, a light-scattering switching element 32 (see FIGS. 4A and 4B). In some embodiments of the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 10, if the electronic device is a smart window, the second switchable light control element 3-2 may be installed closer to the outdoor side than the first switchable light control element 3-1, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0068] In the present disclosure, the material of the light-transmitting element 10 may be, for example, the first light-transmitting element 1 or the second light-transmitting element 2, and the light-transmitting element 10 may selectively have a multilayer structure or a single-layer structure as shown in Fig. 2, and the description thereof will not be repeated. In the present disclosure, the materials of the first frame 41, the second frame 42, the adhesive 6, the first heat-resistant material M1, and the second heat-resistant material M2 have been described above, and the description thereof will not be repeated. In addition, other features of the electronic device and detailed features of the light-absorbing switching element 31 and the light-scattering switching element 32 have been described above, and the description thereof will not be repeated.

[0069] 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The sun pattern shown in FIG. 11 represents the outdoor side.

[0070] 11 , an electronic device may include a first switchable light control element 3-1, a second switchable light control element 3-2 corresponding to the first switchable light control element 3-1, and a light-transmitting element 10 disposed between the first switchable light control element 3-1 and the second switchable light control element 3-2. A first chamber C1 is provided between the first switchable light control element 3-1 and the light-transmitting element 10, and a second chamber C2 is provided between the second switchable light control element 3-2 and the light-transmitting element 10. The first switchable light control element 3-1 includes one of a light-absorbing switching element and a light-scattering switching element, and the second switchable light control element 3-2 includes the other of a light-absorbing switching element and a light-scattering switching element.

[0071] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 11 , the electronic device may include a first frame 41 disposed between the light-transmitting element 10 and the first switchable light control element 3-1 to form a first chamber C1, a second frame 42 disposed between the second switchable light control element 3-2 and the light-transmitting element 10 to form a second chamber C2, and a protective structure 5 disposed between the first switchable light control element 3-1 and the second switchable light control element 3-2 and covering the side surfaces of the first frame 41 and the second frame 42. More specifically, in the present disclosure, the first frame 41 and the second frame 42 may each have an annular structure, and therefore, in a cross-sectional view (see FIG. 11 ), the first frame 41 may have a first outer surface 41s1 and a first inner surface 41s2, and the second frame 42 may have a second outer surface 42s1 and a second inner surface 42s2, and the protective structure 5 may be in contact with the first outer surface 41s1 of the first frame 41 and the second outer surface 42s1 of the second frame 42, respectively. The electronic device may further include a first heat-resistant material M1 disposed in the first chamber C1 and a second heat-resistant material M2 disposed in the second chamber C2, and the first inner surface 41s2 of the first frame 41 may be in contact with the first heat-resistant material M1, and the second inner surface 42s2 of the second frame 42 may be in contact with the second heat-resistant material M2.

[0072] In the present disclosure, by combining the light-transmitting element 10 with the first switchable light control element 3-1 and the second switchable light control element 3-2, an electronic device having two chambers (e.g., a first chamber C1 and a second chamber C2) can be formed. By filling the chambers with an appropriate heat-resistant material, the electronic device can achieve the effects of heat insulation, soundproofing, blocking external light, or transmitting external light. The above-mentioned explanations can be referenced for the first heat-resistant material M1 and the second heat-resistant material M2. Similarly, the above-mentioned explanations can be referenced for the design of the thicknesses of the first chamber C1 and the second chamber C2, or the relationship between the thicknesses of the first chamber C1 and the second chamber C2 and the thicknesses of other components.

[0073] 11 , the electronic device further includes adhesives 6 respectively disposed on both sides of the first frame 41 and the second frame 42, fixing the first frame 41 between the light-transmitting element 10 and the first switchable light control element 3-1 and fixing the second frame 42 between the light-transmitting element 10 and the second switchable light control element 3-2. More specifically, the adhesive 6 may be disposed between the first frame 41 and the first switchable light control element 3-1 to bond the first frame 41 and the first switchable light control element 3-1 to each other, or the adhesive 6 may be disposed between the first frame 41 and the light-transmitting element 10 to bond the first frame 41 and the light-transmitting element 10 to each other. Similarly, adhesive 6 may be placed between the second frame 42 and the light-transmitting element 10 to bond the second frame 42 and the light-transmitting element 10 to each other, and adhesive 6 may be placed between the second frame 42 and the second switchable light-controlling element 3-2 to bond the second frame 42 and the second switchable light-controlling element 3-2 to each other.

[0074] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first switchable light control element 3-1 may be, for example, a light-absorbing switching element 31 (see FIGS. 3A and 3B), and the second switchable light control element 3-2 may be, for example, a light-scattering switching element 32 (see FIGS. 4A and 4B), but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In other embodiments of the present disclosure, the first switchable light control element 3-1 may be, for example, a light-scattering switching element 32 (see FIGS. 4A and 4B), and the second switchable light control element 3-2 may be, for example, a light-absorbing switching element 31 (see FIGS. 3A and 3B). In some embodiments of the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 11, when the electronic device is a smart window, the first switchable light control element 3-1 may be installed closer to the outdoor side than the second switchable light control element 3-2, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0075] In the present disclosure, the material of the light-transmitting element 10 may be, for example, the first light-transmitting element 1 or the second light-transmitting element 2, and the light-transmitting element 10 may selectively have a multilayer structure or a single-layer structure as shown in Fig. 2, and the description thereof will not be repeated. In the present disclosure, the materials of the first frame 41, the second frame 42, the adhesive 6, the first heat-resistant material M1, and the second heat-resistant material M2 have been described above, and the description thereof will not be repeated. In addition, other features of the electronic device and detailed features of the light-absorbing switching element 31 and the light-scattering switching element 32 have been described above, and the description thereof will not be repeated.

[0076] The electronic device according to the present disclosure may optionally include an anti-glare layer (not shown), an anti-fouling layer (not shown), or an anti-scratch layer (not shown), which may be installed, for example, on one side adjacent to the outdoors. The protective structure 5 may be a single-layer material or a multi-layer material. The electronic device according to the present disclosure may optionally include a photoelectric conversion element (not shown, for example, a solar cell), which may be installed in any position that does not affect the switchable light control element 3's switching between light-transmitting, light-blocking (light-opaque), or light-diffusing modes, and the photoelectric conversion element may be electrically connected to the switchable light control element 3, for example.

[0077] In the present disclosure, the electronic device can be applied to any energy-saving device that includes a liquid crystal material, thereby improving the light-shielding, heat-insulating, and / or sound-proofing effects of the electronic device. In the present disclosure, the electronic device can be applied to, for example, an electronic window or other suitable application products, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0078] The embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above in detail with reference to the drawings, but the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and design changes and the like are also included within the scope that does not deviate from the gist of the present disclosure. [Explanation of symbols]

[0079] 1. First light-transmitting element 1s side 11 First board 12 Second board 13 Adhesive layer 2. Second light-transmitting element 2s side 3 Switchable light control element 3-1 First switchable optical control element 3-2 Second switchable optical control element 31 Light absorption switching element 311 Third board 312 4th board 313 First light modulation layer 3131 Liquid crystal materials 3132 Pigment materials 314 1st electrode layer 315 Second electrode layer 32 Light scattering switching element 321 5th board 322 6th board 323 Second light modulation layer 3231 Liquid crystal materials 324 3rd electrode layer 325 4th electrode layer 3s, 31s, 32 sides 41 First Frame 41s1 1st outer surface 41s2 1st inner surface 42 2nd frame 42s1 2nd outer surface 42s2 2nd inner surface 5 Protective structure 6. Adhesive 7 Adhesive element 8 Image generating element 10 Light transmission element C1 First Chamber C2 Second Chamber L1 incident light L2 incident light M1 1st heat resistant material M2 2nd heat resistant material SL spacer layer T1 First thickness T2 Second thickness T3 Thickness T4 thickness T5 thickness W1 W7 pieces W41 W42 frame X direction Y direction Z-normal direction

Claims

1. a first light transmitting element; a second light-transmitting element for the first light-transmitting element; a switchable light control element disposed between the first light transmitting element and the second light transmitting element; an electronic device having a first chamber between the first light-transmitting element and the switchable light control element, and a second chamber between the second light-transmitting element and the switchable light control element, wherein the switchable light control element includes at least one of a light-absorbing switching element and a light-scattering switching element.

2. a first heat-resistant material disposed in the first chamber; a second heat-resistant material disposed in the second chamber; The thermal conductivity of the first heat-resistant material and the second heat-resistant material is 50×10 -３ W.m. -１ ・K -１ 2. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the

3. 2. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein in a normal direction of the first light-transmitting element, the first chamber has a first thickness, the second chamber has a second thickness, and the first thickness and the second thickness are each 6 mm or more and 20 mm or less.

4. a first frame disposed between the first light transmitting element and the switchable light control element to form the first chamber; a second frame disposed between the second light transmitting element and the switchable light control element to form the second chamber; 2. The electronic device according to claim 1, further comprising a protective structure disposed between the first light-transmitting element and the second light-transmitting element and covering a side surface of the first frame and a side surface of the second frame.

5. 2. The electronic device of claim 1, further comprising a protective structure disposed between the first light-transmitting element and the second light-transmitting element, wherein a portion of the switchable light control element is fitted into the protective structure, and the protective structure covers a side surface of the switchable light control element.

6. 6. The electronic device of claim 5, wherein the width of the portion of the switchable light control element that is fitted into the protective structure is between 1 mm and 8 mm.

7. 2. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the first chamber and the thickness of the second chamber are each equal to or greater than the thickness of the switchable light control element.

8. 2. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the first light-transmitting element is greater than the thickness of the switchable light-control element.

9. a light-transmitting element; a first switchable light control element for the light transmitting element; a second switchable light control element disposed between the light transmitting element and the first switchable light control element; an electronic device comprising: a first chamber between the light-transmitting element and the second switchable light control element; a second chamber between the first switchable light control element and the second switchable light control element; the first switchable light control element comprising one of the light-absorbing switching element and the light-scattering switching element; and the second switchable light control element comprising the other of the light-absorbing switching element and the light-scattering switching element.

10. a first switchable light control element; a second switchable light control element relative to the first switchable light control element; a light transmitting element disposed between the first switchable light control element and the second switchable light control element; an electronic device having a first chamber between the first switchable light control element and the light-transmitting element, and a second chamber between the second switchable light control element and the light-transmitting element, wherein the first switchable light control element includes one of the light-absorbing switching element and the light-scattering switching element, and the second switchable light control element includes the other of the light-absorbing switching element and the light-scattering switching element.

Images