Evacuation door device for tunnels

Abstract

The emergency door device is made compact and is provided with an emergency passage 4 with an entrance 4a provided at least on one side of the right or left side of a roadway 2 in a tunnel, an emergency door 6 for opening and closing a landing 5 leading to the entrance 4a, and a self-closing device 11 as an opening / closing assisting means for assisting the opening and closing operation of the emergency door 6, and the self-closing device 11 is arranged in a door pocket space S for accommodating the opened emergency door 6. [Solution] The evacuation passage 4 is configured to overlap the underside of the door pocket space S, with the entrance 4a located on the door pocket space S side of the landing 5, making effective use of the space below the door pocket space S, and making it compact by eliminating the need to provide space for the evacuation passage 4 on the doorstop space Y side.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of emergency door devices for tunnels installed in passageways such as railways and roads. [Background technology]

[0002] Generally, tunnels are provided in roadways such as railways and roads, and when such tunnels are long, emergency door systems are installed in anticipation of accidents inside the tunnel. Such emergency door systems are configured to connect the roadway in the forward and backward directions with an emergency route adjacent to the roadway via an emergency passage, so that evacuees attempting to escape from the roadway can reach the emergency route via the emergency passage. In this case, if the entrance to the evacuation passage on the road side is left open, there is a risk that fire smoke generated inside the tunnel will flow into the evacuation route via the evacuation passage.For this reason, a sliding door type evacuation door that can be opened and closed in the forward and backward directions is installed at the entrance to the evacuation passage, but this evacuation door is kept closed under normal circumstances. In such an emergency door system, the entrance to the emergency passage is located adjacent to the landing that is exposed when the emergency door is manually opened, and it is configured so that evacuations can be made to the emergency route via the emergency passage. However, in such an emergency door system, if the emergency door is left open after evacuation, fire smoke will flow into the emergency passage from the entrance, so the opened emergency door is configured to be automatically closed by a self-closing device (see, for example, Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2016-138431 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] For this reason, in the conventional emergency door device, a doorstop space that serves as a doorstop for the closed emergency door and an evacuation passage space are provided in a continuous manner on the door front side of the emergency door, with the landing sandwiched between them, while an open door pocket space for the emergency door is provided on the door rear side. As a result, the emergency door device is inevitably long in the front-to-rear direction, with the doorstop shell that covers the doorstop space, the evacuation passage shell that covers the evacuation passage, and the door pocket shell that covers the door pocket space being continuous in front of and behind the landing space that is covered by the emergency door under normal conditions. As a result, not only does the device itself become larger, but there are also problems such as an increased burden of maintenance work, and these are the issues that the present invention aims to solve. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] The present invention was created in view of the above-mentioned circumstances and with the aim of solving these problems. The invention of claim 1 is an emergency door device for a tunnel comprising: an evacuation passageway with an entrance for evacuees to escape to on at least one side of the roadway inside a tunnel through which vehicles travel in a forward and backward direction; an emergency door that moves forward and backward to open and close a landing leading to the entranceway and that, when open, is stored in a door pocket space on the door tail side continuing from the landing; and an opening and closing assisting means that assists the opening and closing operation of the emergency door, wherein the opening and closing assisting means is arranged in the door pocket space, and the entrance to the emergency door device for a tunnel is characterized in that the opening and closing assisting means is arranged in the door pocket space side of the landing. The invention of claim 2 is an emergency door device for a tunnel as described in claim 1, characterized in that the opening and closing assistance means is arranged in a location outside the evacuation space where the bodies of evacuees escaping through the evacuation passage may reach. The invention of claim 3 is an emergency door device for a tunnel as described in claim 2, characterized in that the opening and closing assistance means includes a self-closing device that automatically closes an open emergency door, and the self-closing device is arranged in an outer space beyond the evacuation space. The invention of claim 4 is an emergency door device for a tunnel as described in claim 3, characterized in that the automatic closing device is configured with various component devices including a fixed pulley provided on the entrance side, an operating wire that is hung on the fixed pulley and connected to the emergency door, a wire winding section to which one end of the operating wire is connected and which winds up one end side of the operating wire that is slackened when the emergency door moves to open and pulled when it moves to close, and an automatic closing main body section to which the other end of the operating wire is connected and which winds up the other end side of the operating wire in a state where it is charged to move the emergency door to close when the emergency door moves to close, and which unwinds the other end side of the operating wire when the emergency door moves to open, and these various component devices are arranged in one outer space selected from the outer spaces consisting of an upper space beyond the evacuation space, a front-to-rear outer space, and a lateral space on the side wall side of the tunnel, or in a combination of two or more outer spaces. [Effects of the Invention]

[0006] By adopting the invention of claim 1, the entrance of the evacuation passage provided inside the tunnel is provided on the door pocket space side of the landing, which makes it possible to configure the evacuation passage while making effective use of the door pocket space of the evacuation door. This eliminates the need for space to provide an evacuation passage on the doorstop space side, making it possible to create a compact evacuation door device for tunnels. By adopting the invention of claim 2, the opening / closing assisting means is arranged in a location outside the evacuation space where the bodies of evacuees escaping through the evacuation passage can reach, so that the evacuees can evacuate quickly without the opening / closing assisting means getting in the way of their evacuation. By adopting the invention of claim 3, when the opening and closing assistance means includes a self-closing device that automatically closes an open emergency door, the self-closing device is arranged in an outer space beyond the evacuation space, preventing evacuees from coming into contact with the self-closing device and ensuring the self-closing function of the open emergency door. By adopting the invention of claim 4, the components that make up the self-closing device, such as the fixed pulley, operating wire, wire winding section, and self-closing main body section, are arranged in a space selected from the outer space consisting of the upper space beyond the evacuation space, the outer space in the front-to-rear direction, and the lateral space on the side wall side of the tunnel.As a result, the door pocket space can be effectively utilized, the self-closing device does not get in the way of the evacuees' evacuation, and malfunctions in the self-closing device can also be prevented. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0007] [Figure 1] This is a longitudinal sectional front view of the main part of the tunnel. [Figure 2] FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a side view showing the emergency door device in a closed state. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a side view showing the emergency door device in an open state. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional front view of a main part of the emergency door device. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional side view showing the emergency door in a closed state. [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional side view showing the emergency door in an open state. [Figure 8] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional plan view showing the emergency door in a closed state. [Figure 9] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional plan view showing the emergency door in an open state. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional plan view showing the state in which the open emergency door has been manually closed. [Figure 11] 10A and 10B are a plan view and a side view of the main part showing the state in which the emergency door is closed. [Figure 12] 10A and 10B are a plan view and a side view of the main part showing the emergency door in an open state. [Figure 13] 10A and 10B are a plan view and a side view of the main part showing the state in which the emergency door has been manually closed. [Figure 14] (A) and (B) are a plan view and a side view of the restricting portion of the automatic closing device, and (C) and (D) are a front view of the operating portion and a front view of the restricting device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0008] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, reference numeral 1 denotes a tunnel body (tunnel), which has a cylindrical shape elongated in the front-to-rear direction and is formed by an appropriate construction method such as a shield tunneling method, with a roadway 2 for vehicles formed in the upper half and an evacuation route 3 in the lower half, separated by a partition section 1b where the road surface of the roadway 2 is formed. The roadway 2 and the evacuation route 3 are connected via an evacuation passage 4 provided on one side of the roadway 2 in the left-right direction (road width direction), all as in the conventional case. Incidentally, although the evacuation passage 4 in this embodiment is slope-shaped (slide-shaped), it may be configured in any manner as long as it is a passageway (evacuation passageway) through which evacuees can escape, such as in the form of steps. Furthermore, the evacuation route 3 can be used not only as a transportation route for personnel and materials for maintenance of facilities inside the tunnel, but also as a route for emergency vehicles in the event that an accident or fire occurs inside the tunnel and the roadway 2 becomes impassable.

[0009] The entrance 4a of the evacuation passage 4 is opened on one of the left and right sides of the roadway 2, and the entrance 4a is provided so as to continue to one of the front and rear edges of a landing 5 formed on the side, so that evacuees who have evacuated along the roadway 2 can enter the entrance 4a from the landing 5, go down the evacuation passage 4, and reach the evacuation route 3, thereby making an emergency escape. In this embodiment, the evacuation passage 4 is configured to extend downhill from an entrance 4a that is located adjacent to the edge of the landing 5 on one side in the front-to-back direction, and then extend outward on one side in the front-to-back direction and inward in the left-to-right direction, leading to the evacuation route 3.

[0010] In the structure configured as above, the landing space X where the landing 5 is provided is normally covered by an emergency door 6 that can be opened and closed freely. The emergency door 6 is configured in an inverted L shape with a vertical surface portion 6a on the roadway 2 side and a top surface portion 6b that extends from the upper edge of the vertical surface portion 6a toward the tunnel side wall 1a side, and front and rear lower running rollers 6c provided at the lower end of the vertical surface portion 6a and front and rear upper running rollers 6d provided at the tip of the top surface portion 6b run in the front-to-rear direction on upper and lower running rails 7, 8 provided on the roadway 2 side and the tunnel side wall 1a side, so that the emergency door 6 can be freely moved in the front-to-rear direction between a closed position that covers the landing 5 and an open position that exposes the landing 5.

[0011] The area on one side in the front-to-rear direction (the area on the door tail side) continuing from the door tail end of the landing space X is a door pocket space S for the emergency door 6 that has been opened and moved, and is configured to be able to accommodate (store) the emergency door 6, and the door pocket space S is provided with an inverted L-shaped door pocket shell 9 that is slightly larger than the emergency door 6 in order to cover and accommodate the emergency door 6 that has been opened and moved. On the other hand, a doorstop space Y is provided at the door-end side of the landing space X to act as a doorstop when the emergency door 6 is closed, and the doorstop space Y is covered by a doorstop shell 10, which is also inverted L-shaped. The door pocket shell 9 and the doorstop shell 10 are each configured in an inverted L-shape with top plates 9a, 10a and side plates 9b, 10b, and the top plates 9a, 10a are attached to the tunnel side wall 1a via support brackets 12 provided on the tunnel side wall 1a, so that they are attached to the tunnel side wall 1a, and a support plate 12b is provided on the top plates 9a, 10a so as to span between the top plates 9a, 10a. Incidentally, the doorstop shell 10 only needs to function as a doorstop for the emergency door 6, and is therefore configured to be short in the front-to-rear direction, and does not need to be long in the front-to-rear direction like the door pocket shell 9 that houses the emergency door 6. In this case, the edge of the doorstop shell 10 on the landing space X side and the edge of the emergency door 6 on the door front side are configured to fit together in an overlapping manner in a mating structure to stop the emergency door 6 as it closes. Incidentally, the mating structure is adopted not only on the door front side but also on the door rear side.

[0012] In the emergency door device configured in this manner, an automatic closing device 11 for automatically closing (self-closing) the open emergency door 6 is provided as one of the opening and closing auxiliary means for assisting the opening and closing operation of the emergency door 6. The automatic closing device 11 is an existing general-purpose product, and its configuration will be briefly explained below. The opening / closing assist means provided in the emergency door device is not limited to the automatic closing device 11, and may be, for example, a member device such as a balancer device (not shown) that adjusts the emergency door 6 so that it does not move to the lower end of the incline due to its own weight when the emergency door device is installed on a sloped road surface. In this embodiment, two sets of fixed pulleys are provided on the upper frame member 12a described later, one of which, the fixed pulley 11a, is for the automatic closing device 11 described above, while the other fixed pulley 16 is configured to be used for the balancer device.

[0013] The automatic closing device 11 is provided in the door pocket space S. Specifically, the automatic closing device 11 is configured with various member devices such as a fixed pulley 11a arranged above the entrance 4a of the landing space X, an operating wire 11b hung around the fixed pulley 11a, a wire winding portion 11c to which the tip edge of one end side portion 11ba of the operating wire 11b distributed by the fixed pulley 11a is connected, and an automatic closing main body portion 11d to which the tip edge of the other end side portion 11bb is connected, but member devices other than those described above will be described later as necessary.

[0014] The fixed pulley 11a is attached to an upper frame member 12a extending from the support plate 12b toward the upper part of the entrance 4a, while an operating part 11e is provided on the end edge of the first emergency door 6 on the door tail side via a support bracket 11ea, and one end side part 11ba of the operating wire passes through the operating part 11e in a loose fit. Furthermore, a regulating device 11f is integrally provided on one end side portion 11ba of the operating wire 11b, which abuts (or closely faces) the door pocket space S side of the operating portion 11e when the emergency door 6 is in the closed position, and regulates the relative movement of the operating wire 11b toward the self-closing main body portion 11d side with respect to the emergency door 6.

[0015] The automatic closing function of the automatic closing device 11 configured as above will now be described. First, when an evacuee opens the emergency door 6, which is normally in a closed position, toward the door pocket space S, the operating part 11e moves integrally with the emergency door 6 toward the door pocket space S. This movement of the operating part 11e toward the door pocket space S results in the movement of the operating wire one end side part 11ba toward the wire winding part 11c, accompanied by the integral movement of the restricting tool 11f. As a result, one end side portion 11ba of the operating wire 11b becomes loose and is wound up around the wire winding portion 11c, while the other end side portion 11bb is pulled and is unwound from the self-closing main body portion 11d. This winding and unwinding operation of the operating wire 11b continues until the emergency door 6 reaches the open position and comes into contact with a stopper 14 provided in the door pocket space S and stops.

[0016] When an evacuee who has entered the landing 5 manually closes the emergency door 6 that has reached the open position in this way, and then evacuates from the entrance 4a to the emergency route 3 via the emergency passage 4, the emergency door 6 will move to the closed position. In this case, the operating part 11e will move together with the emergency door 6, but because the operating wire 11b is loosely fitted through the operating part 11e, the emergency door 6 will remain in the closed position together with the restricting device 11f and will not move. As a result, the emergency door 6 will move to the closed position together with the operating part 11e, leaving the restricting device 11f behind, and the emergency door 6 can be closed manually.

[0017] In contrast, if an evacuee who has entered the landing 5 evacuates to the evacuation route 3 via the evacuation passage 4 without manually closing the evacuation door 6, the evacuation door 6 will remain open. In this case, the timer function provided in the self-closing main body 11d is activated, and after a preset timer time (for example, 60 seconds) has elapsed since the opening of the evacuation door 6 stopped, the other end side 11bb of the operating wire 11b will be wound up by the stored force of the self-closing main body 11d, and in conjunction with this, the one end side 11ba of the operating wire 11b will be pulled by the wire winding part 11c and will be let out.

[0018] As a result of this movement caused by the traction force of the operating wire 11b, the regulating device 11f presses the abutting operating part 11e, forcibly moving the emergency door 6 from the open position to the closed position, thereby causing the emergency door 6 to close automatically. Incidentally, even if the aforementioned evacuee manually closes the emergency door 6, causing the emergency door 6 to move closed, leaving behind the restricting device 11f, after the timer time has elapsed, the self-closing main body part 11d will wind up the other end side part 11bb of the operating wire 11b, causing the restricting device 11f to move to a position where it abuts (or closely faces) the operating part 11e of the emergency door 6, which is positioned in the closed position. Furthermore, 11eb is a guide portion provided at the tip of the operating portion 11e, through which one end side portion 11ba of the operating wire 11b passes freely (loosely fitted), and 11ec is a shock absorber provided between the guide portion 11eb and the operating portion 11e to absorb the impact when the regulating tool 11f abuts against the guide portion 11eb.

[0019] In an emergency door device configured in this manner, the self-closing device 11 is arranged in a state where it overlaps the door pocket space S together with the emergency passage 4, as described above, and there is a risk that evacuees evacuating through the emergency passage 4 may come into contact with the self-closing device 11. Therefore, in this embodiment, the range of the body of an evacuee sliding down the sliding board portion 4b of the evacuation passage 4, which is a slide, is virtually set as an evacuation space Z, and the self-closing device 11 is arranged in a space outside the evacuation space Z.

[0020] The evacuation space Z is defined by a narrow lower area Za between the left and right handrails 4c of the evacuation passage 4 and a wide upper area Zb above the left and right handrails 4c, and the upper area Zb can be set based on the average height of adult males who will be evacuees sliding down the sliding board 4b, for example. In the figure, Zx indicates the boundary line of the area defined as the evacuation space Z. The fixed pulley 11a that constitutes the automatic closing device 11 is provided on the upper surface of the upper frame member 12a that extends from the support bracket 12 provided on the tunnel side wall 1a to a position above the upper range Zb, and is therefore positioned above the evacuation space Z. Furthermore, the wire winding portion 11c and the self-closing main body portion 11d are provided at the rear end of the door pocket space S on the door tail side (outside in the front-to-rear direction), but the locations where the wire winding portion 11c and the self-closing main body portion 11d are provided are arranged above and outside the evacuation space Z, where the sliding plate portion 4b of the evacuation passage 4 descends, making the evacuation space Z lower than the entrance 4a. The operating wire 11b, which is arranged between the fixed pulley 11a and the wire winding portion 11c and the self-closing main body portion 11d, is also arranged outside the evacuation space Z (above in this embodiment), so that it is set up so that evacuees do not swing around as much as possible.

[0021] In the present embodiment configured as described above, the tunnel emergency door device in which the present invention is implemented comprises an emergency passageway 4 with an entrance 4a provided on at least one side of the roadway inside the tunnel, an emergency door 6 that opens and closes the landing 5 leading to the entrance 4a, and a self-closing device 11 that is an opening and closing assisting means that assists in the opening and closing operation of the emergency door 6, and the self-closing device 11 is configured to be arranged in the door pocket space S that contains the opened emergency door 6. In this case, the entrance 4a of the emergency passageway 4 is provided on the door pocket space S side of the landing 5, so there is no need to secure space for the emergency passageway 4 on the door stop space Y side, as in the conventional case where the entrance 4a is provided on the door stop space Y side, and the emergency passageway 4 is provided so as to overlap the door pocket space S, which makes it possible to make the emergency door device smaller and more compact.

[0022] Furthermore, in this device, the components that make up the self-closing device 11 are positioned outside the evacuation space Z that the bodies of evacuees escaping through the evacuation passage 4 reach, so the self-closing device 11 does not get in the way of the evacuees, allowing them to evacuate quickly and also ensuring the preservation of the self-closing device 11. In this case, the self-closing device 11 is composed of a fixed pulley 11a provided on the entrance 4a side, an operating wire 11b suspended from the fixed pulley, a wire winding portion 11c to which one end side portion 11ba of the operating wire 11b is connected and which winds around the one end side portion 11ba which relaxes when the emergency door 6 moves to open and is pulled when the emergency door 6 moves to close, and a self-closing main body portion 11d to which the other end side portion 11bb of the operating wire 11b is connected and which winds up the other end side portion 11bb of the operating wire 11b in a charged state to move the emergency door 6 to close when the emergency door 6 moves to close, and which unwinds the other end side portion 11bb of the operating wire 11b when the emergency door 6 moves to open, and these component devices that make up the self-closing device 11 are arranged in outer spaces U1 and U2 that exceed (extend beyond) the range of the evacuation space Z. Specifically, the fixed pulley 11a, operating wire 11b, wire winding portion 11c and self-closing main body portion 11d that constitute the self-closing device 11 are arranged in an upper space U1 beyond the evacuation space Z, an outer space U2 in the front-to-rear direction, and a space that is a combination of these spaces U1 and U2. As a result, the self-closing device 11 is arranged in the door pocket space S by effectively utilizing the outer spaces such as the upper space U1 beyond the evacuation space Z and the outer space U2 in the front-to-rear direction, thereby avoiding contact with evacuees and not interfering with the evacuation of evacuees, while also preventing malfunctions in the self-closing device.

[0023] Of course, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and the space secured in the door pocket space S as the space for arranging the opening / closing auxiliary means may be not only the upper space U1 extending upward beyond the evacuation space Z, and the outer space U2 extending forward and backward outward, but also the lateral space U3 extending beyond the evacuation space Z toward the tunnel side wall 1a. When various component devices constituting the opening / closing auxiliary means are arranged in the outer spaces U1, U2, and U3 beyond these evacuation spaces Z, the arrangement space for these component devices can be not just one outer space selected from the outer spaces U1, U2, and U3, but a composite outer space in which two or more outer spaces are appropriately selected. Furthermore, when the opening / closing auxiliary means is an automatic closing device 11 as in this embodiment, the fixed pulley 11a and operating wire 11b can be arranged not only in the upper space U1 beyond the evacuation space Z and the outer space U2 in the fore-and-aft direction, but also in the lateral space U3 on the tunnel side wall 1a side, and even in an outer space that combines these. Similarly, the wire winding portion 11c and the self-closing main body portion 11d can be arranged in at least one outer space selected from the upper space U1 beyond the evacuation space Z, the front-to-rear outer space U2, and the lateral space U3. Furthermore, when implementing the present invention, the outer space beyond the evacuation space Z is not limited to the above-mentioned upper space U1, the outer space U2 in the front-to-rear direction, and the lateral space U3. Of course, if an outer space other than these outer spaces can be secured as an effective space for arranging the component devices of the opening / closing auxiliary means, that outer space may be selected as necessary. [Industrial Applicability]

[0024] The present invention can be used as an emergency door device for tunnels installed in passageways such as railways and roads. [Explanation of symbols]

[0025] 1 Tunnel body 1a Tunnel side wall 2 roadway 4 Evacuation route 4a Entrance 5. Landing 6 Emergency Door 6a Vertical surface 6b Top section 9 Door pocket shell 9a Top plate 9b Side plate 10 Doorstop shell 11 Self-closing device 11a Fixed pulley 11b Actuation wire 11ba One end side 11bb Other end side 11c Wire winding section 11d Self-closing main body 11e Operating part 11f Regulator 12a Upper frame material S Door pocket space U1 upper space U2 Anteroposterior outer space U3 Lateral space X Landing space Y Doorstop Space Z Evacuation Space

Claims

1. An emergency door device for a tunnel, comprising: an evacuation passageway with an entrance for evacuees to escape to on at least one side of a roadway in a tunnel through which vehicles travel in a longitudinal direction; an emergency door that moves in a longitudinal direction to open and close a landing leading to the entrance, and that is housed in a door pocket space on the tail side of the door leading from the landing when in an open state; and an opening / closing assisting means that assists the opening and closing operation of the emergency door, the opening / closing assisting means being disposed in the door pocket space; An emergency door device for a tunnel, characterized in that the entrance to the emergency passage is located on the door pocket space side of the landing.

2. 2. The emergency door device for a tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the opening / closing assisting means is disposed at a location outside the evacuation space where the bodies of evacuees escaping through the evacuation passage can reach.

3. The opening and closing assistance means includes a self-closing device that automatically closes an open emergency door, 3. The emergency door device for a tunnel according to claim 2, wherein the self-closing device is disposed in an outer space beyond the evacuation space.

4. The automatic closing device is configured with various member devices, including a fixed pulley provided on the entrance side, an operating wire that is hung on the fixed pulley and connected to the emergency door, a wire winding section to which one end of the operating wire is connected and which winds up one end side of the operating wire that is relaxed when the emergency door moves to open and pulled when the emergency door moves to close, and an automatic closing main body section to which the other end of the operating wire is connected and which winds up the other end side of the operating wire in a state where it is charged to close the emergency door when the emergency door moves to close, and which unwinds the other end side of the operating wire when the emergency door moves to open. An emergency door device for a tunnel as described in claim 3, characterized in that these various component devices are arranged in one outer space selected from the outer spaces consisting of an upper space beyond the evacuation space, an outer space in the front-to-rear direction, and a lateral space on the tunnel side wall side, or in an outer space that is a combination of two or more of these.

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