Multi-purpose evacuation facility

Abstract

The plan involves providing evacuees with fresh food such as raw vegetables and live seafood, as well as a multi-purpose evacuation facility equipped with shelters where evacuees can access sufficient electricity. [Solution] The administration building 100 is equipped with a battery 105, which stores electricity generated by perovskite solar cells 800 located in the agricultural building 200 and the fishing building 300. The electricity used in the agricultural building 200 and the fishing building 300, as well as the electricity used in the administration building 100, can be supplied by the electricity generated by the perovskite solar cells 800.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a composite evacuation facility including an evacuation shelter and a food production building.

Background Art

[0002] When natural disasters such as earthquakes and heavy rain disasters occur, it may be determined that it is dangerous to stay at home due to the collapse or semi-collapse of the house or flooding. In such cases, it is desirable to leave home and evacuate to an evacuation shelter.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0003] With the occurrence of natural disasters, the lifeline may be affected, and power outages and / or water outages may occur. Generally, in evacuation shelters, potable water that can be stored for a long time and emergency food supplies (hereinafter referred to as emergency rations) are stored. In addition, small generators are often provided in evacuation shelters. The evacuees who enter the evacuation shelter will continue their temporary evacuation life using these foods, drinking water, etc.

[0004] In recent years, with the evolution of retort foods and canned foods, the types of emergency rations stored in evacuation shelters are abundant and the taste has also improved. However, due to the constraint that they must be stored for a long time, it has been difficult to store fresh food ingredients such as raw vegetables and live fish and shellfish in evacuation shelters and use them as emergency rations. In addition, the power used in evacuation shelters can be generated using the generators installed in the evacuation shelters. However, since power outages may continue for a long time, it is necessary to generate power while saving the fuel of the generators. Therefore, it has been difficult to create an environment in which evacuees can use sufficient power in evacuation shelters.

[0005] An object of the present invention is to provide a composite evacuation facility including an evacuation shelter that can provide fresh food ingredients such as raw vegetables and live fish and shellfish to evacuees and in which evacuees can use sufficient power. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] According to an aspect of the present invention, a food production building for producing food through agriculture or fisheries has a light-transmitting section that transmits sunlight and a light-transmitting solar cell provided in at least a part of the light-transmitting section, The facility comprises an evacuation room for multiple disaster victims to take refuge in the event of a disaster, and an administration building having a battery electrically connected to the translucent solar cell for storing the electricity generated by the translucent solar cell, A complex evacuation facility is provided, characterized in that, among the aforementioned administration buildings, at least the building in which the evacuation rooms are located and the food production building are separate buildings. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] In the present invention's integrated evacuation facility, a food production building is included, allowing for the provision of fresh food such as raw vegetables and live seafood to evacuees during a disaster. Furthermore, a battery is installed in the administration building, storing electricity generated by translucent solar cells located in the food production building. The electricity used in both the food production building and the administration building can be supplied by the electricity generated by the translucent solar cells. This ensures that even in the event of a power outage during a disaster, evacuees can utilize sufficient electricity and live comfortably in the evacuation facility. Additionally, the food production building and the administration building, which houses evacuation rooms, are separate buildings. Therefore, even if evacuees are forced to live in evacuation facilities for an extended period, they can stay comfortably in the evacuation rooms of the administration building. Furthermore, translucent solar cells are installed in the translucent sections of the food production building, allowing for the storage of generated electricity in the battery. Since the battery is located in the administration building, even if the food production building is damaged, the electricity stored in the battery can be utilized. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0008] [Figure 1]Figure 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the complex evacuation facility 1 of this embodiment. [Figure 2] Figure 2 is an explanatory diagram for describing the agricultural building 200 (fishing building 300). [Figure 3] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating school building 600 and gymnasium 610 as another example of the complex evacuation facility 1. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0009] A complex evacuation facility 1 equipped with a shelter according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in Figure 1, the complex evacuation facility 1 comprises an administration building 100, an agricultural building 200, and a fishing building 300. In this embodiment, the agricultural building 200 and the fishing building 300 are buildings made of a lightweight steel frame covered with a translucent sheet membrane S, which are commonly called tent warehouses (see Figure 2). The agricultural building 200 and the fishing building 300 are examples of food production buildings according to the present invention.

[0010] <Administration building 100> The administration building 100 is a three-story building. The first floor houses a cafeteria 101 for cooking vegetables and seafood harvested in the agriculture building 200 and the fishing building 300, and a shop 102 for selling vegetables and seafood harvested in the agriculture building 200 and the fishing building 300. The second floor houses a battery 105 for storing electricity generated by perovskite solar cells 800 installed in the agriculture building 200 and the fishing building 300, as described later, and various electrical equipment such as a controller 106 including an inverter or power conditioner. The third floor houses a social space 108 for users of the complex evacuation facility 1. The social space 108 is normally a space that users can use relatively freely, but in the event of a disaster, it can be used as an evacuation shelter to accommodate disaster victims. The social space 108 is an example of an evacuation room of the present invention. The social space 108 may be divided into several small rooms, but it is preferable that the entire space has an area that can accommodate at least 10 or more evacuees. For example, the area occupied by each evacuee is 4m².2 In that case, 40m 2 It is preferable that the building has the above area. The administration building 100 also functions as an emergency storage warehouse for storing emergency food supplies (such as instant rice, hardtack, retort foods, and canned goods), drinking water, cardboard beds, and sleeping bags. The emergency storage warehouse may be a separate building from the administration building 100.

[0011] <Agricultural Building 200> The agricultural building 200 in this embodiment is a tent warehouse and comprises a sheet membrane S covering a lightweight steel frame, perovskite photovoltaic cells 800 attached to the sheet membrane S, and a heat pump air conditioner 500 for adjusting the temperature inside the agricultural building 200. The perovskite photovoltaic cells 800 in this embodiment are an example of the translucent photovoltaic cell of the present invention, and the sheet membrane S is an example of the translucent portion of the present invention.

[0012] Perovskite means "gray titanite," and its unique crystal structure is called the "perovskite structure." The general formula for the perovskite crystal structure is ABX3, where A is methylamine (CH3NH3). + ) and so on, and B is lead (Pb 2+ ) and so on, and X is iodine (I - ) and so on. In this specification, materials having a perovskite structure are collectively referred to as perovskites. A perovskite solar cell is a solar cell that uses a material with a perovskite crystal structure as the material that absorbs light.

[0013] Conventional silicon-based solar cells (e.g., silicon solar cells, thin-film silicon solar cells) use crystalline silicon, making them unsuitable for bending or installation on curved surfaces. In contrast, the Perovskite Solar Cell 800 can be manufactured by coating or printing a perovskite crystal structure material onto a film or other material. Because the Perovskite Solar Cell 800 is made up of a film of small crystal aggregates, it is resistant to bending and distortion, and can be made lightweight. Furthermore, while conventional silicon-based solar cells tend to lose power generation efficiency in cloudy weather (when light is weak), the Perovskite Solar Cell 800 can generate power without losing efficiency even in weak light. Therefore, it can generate power regardless of weather conditions such as clouds or rain.

[0014] The top surface 201 and sides 202 of the agricultural building 200 are defined by a sheet membrane S. Because the sheet membrane S is a translucent membrane, the interior of the agricultural building 200 becomes bright enough during the day that artificial lighting is unnecessary. Furthermore, because it has a simple structure in which the framework is covered with the sheet membrane S, it can be constructed at a low cost. In addition, because the total weight of the building is light, pile driving is unnecessary even in soft ground, and a direct foundation can be constructed.

[0015] The crops cultivated inside Agricultural Building 200 are not particularly limited. As described later, considering that they will be used as food for disaster victims who have evacuated there in the event of a disaster, edible crops (such as vegetables and fruits) can be suitably cultivated. It is not necessary to cultivate only edible crops; in addition to edible crops, flower cultivation and other crops can also be carried out. The cultivation method may be soil cultivation or hydroponics. If hydroponics is used, it may be hydroponics where only water is used, or hydroculture using materials such as hydroballs, leca, puffcal chips, or silica soil instead of soil may be used.

[0016] Multiple perovskite photovoltaic cells 800 are arranged on the top surface 201 and side surface 202 of the agricultural building 200. In this embodiment, the ratio S2 / S1 of the total area S2 of the perovskite photovoltaic cells 800 to the total area S1 of the top surface 201 and side surface 202 is preferably 20% to 90%, and more preferably 30% to 80%.

[0017] A ratio of S2 / S1 of 20% or more is effective in securing electricity for use with the heat pump air conditioner 500, which is used to regulate the temperature inside the agricultural building 200. If the ratio of S2 / S1 is 30% or more, as described later, it is effective in supplying power to the heat pump air conditioner 500 and regulating the temperature inside the agricultural building 200, while also securing electricity for use by the disaster victims when they are evacuated.

[0018] Because the perovskite photocell 800 is light-transmitting, light transmitted through the perovskite photocell 800 reaches the interior of the agricultural building 200. According to the inventors' findings, the light transmitted through the perovskite photocell 800 has fewer wavelengths of light harmful to crop growth compared to sunlight, making it effective for crop cultivation. However, since the light transmittance of the perovskite photocell 800 is lower than that of the sheet film S, if the ratio S2 / S1 exceeds 90%, the amount of light reaching the interior of the agricultural building 200 decreases significantly. Therefore, it is preferable that the ratio S2 / S1 be 90% or less. On the other hand, when the ratio S2 / S1 is 80% or less, a sufficient amount of light can be transmitted through the sheet film S, making it effective for cultivating vegetables and other crops inside the agricultural building 200 using natural light. Furthermore, when the ratio S2 / S1 is between 80% and 90%, the amount of power generated can be increased compared to when the ratio S2 / S1 is 80% or less. This increased power can be used to illuminate the interior of the agricultural building 200 with LED lighting, thereby promoting crop growth. Even when the ratio S2 / S1 is 80% or less and sufficient natural light is available, it is not always necessary to cultivate crops using only natural light. The interior of the agricultural building 200 can also be illuminated supplementally with lighting equipment such as LED lights. In this case, the power used for the lighting equipment can also be supplied by the power generated by the perovskite solar cell 800.

[0019] <Fisheries building 300> The fishing building 300 in this embodiment is a tent warehouse similar to the agricultural building 200. Similar to the agricultural building 200, the fishing building 300 is equipped with a sheet membrane S covering a lightweight steel frame, perovskite photocells 800 attached to the sheet membrane S, and a heat pump air conditioner 500 (see Figure 1) for adjusting the temperature inside the fishing building 300. Similar to the agricultural building 200, multiple perovskite photocells 800 are also arranged on the top surface 301 and side surfaces 302 of the fishing building 300. In this embodiment, the ratio S2 / S3 of the total area S2 of the perovskite photocells 800 to the total area S3 of the top surface 301 and side surfaces 302 of the fishing building 300 is described in the same way as for the agricultural building 200 above, so the description is omitted.

[0020] The fishery building 300 further includes, as aquaculture facilities, an aquaculture pond 310, a water treatment system 320 that filters and circulates the breeding water used in the aquaculture pond 310, and a temperature adjustment system 330 for adjusting the water temperature of the aquaculture pond 310.

[0021] Fresh water or seawater can be used as the breeding water in the aquaculture pond 310 according to the type of the fish and shellfish to be cultured, but it is preferable to use suitable environmental water. The suitable environmental water is artificial breeding water in which the elements necessary for the target organisms among the elements present in seawater are adjusted to the minimum concentration. Since the salt concentration of the suitable environmental water is similar to that of the body fluid of teleost fish, it is possible to breed both seawater fish and freshwater fish. In addition, since the salt concentration and components are significantly different from those of natural seawater and fresh water, there are effects such as suppressing certain fish diseases and promoting the growth of some cultured fish compared to conventional natural breeding water.

[0022] The types of fish and shellfish cultured in the aquaculture pond 310 are not particularly limited, and seawater fish (e.g., red sea bream, shrimp, filefish, puffer fish, etc.), freshwater fish (e.g., char, yamame, cherry salmon, etc.), shellfish (e.g., clam, freshwater mussel, littleneck clam, etc.), eel, etc. can be preferably cultured.

[0023] <Function as a shelter> Next, we will explain its function as an evacuation center in the event of a disaster. As mentioned above, the administration building 100 is equipped with a battery 105, which stores electricity generated by the perovskite solar cells 800 located in the agricultural building 200 and the fishing building 300. The electricity used in the agricultural building 200 and the fishing building 300, as well as the electricity used in the administration building 100, can be supplied by the electricity generated by the perovskite solar cells 800. In the event of a disaster, if multiple evacuees take refuge in the administration building 100, the electricity supplied to the agricultural building 200 and the fishing building 300 can be temporarily reduced and the electricity supplied to the administration building 100 can be increased. This ensures that even if a power outage occurs during a disaster, evacuees who have taken refuge in the administration building 100 will have access to sufficient electricity.

[0024] While the agricultural building 200 and the fishing building 300 can accommodate some disaster victims in an emergency, they were not originally designed as living spaces, making it difficult to accommodate disaster victims for extended periods. In contrast, in the combined evacuation facility 1 of this embodiment, the agricultural building 200 and the fishing building 300 are separate buildings from the administration building 100, which includes a community space 108 that functions as an evacuation center. Therefore, even if disaster victims are forced to live in evacuation centers for an extended period, they can comfortably stay in the community space 108 of the administration building 100. The administration building 100 may consist of multiple buildings. In this case, it is preferable that the multiple buildings constituting the administration building 100 are separate buildings from the agricultural building 200 and the fishing building 300. In this case, even if the agricultural building 200 and the fishing building 300, which are tent warehouses, are damaged by a storm or the like, disaster victims who have evacuated can safely live in the community space 108 of the administration building 100. Furthermore, since the battery 105 and controller 106 are located in the administration building 100, which is a separate building from the agricultural building 200 and the fishing building 300, even if the agricultural building 200 and the fishing building 300 are damaged, the electricity stored in the battery 105 can be used.

[0025] The administration building 100 houses a dining hall 101 for cooking vegetables and seafood harvested in the agricultural building 200 and the fishing building 300. Normally, the dining hall 101 is used to provide meals to users who come to use the shop 102. However, in the event of a disaster, the dining hall 101 can be used as a kitchen to prepare meals for disaster victims. In this case, in addition to the stockpiled food mentioned above, meals can be provided using fresh vegetables and seafood harvested in the agricultural building 200 and the fishing building 300. In conventional evacuation shelters, it was extremely difficult to provide fresh vegetables and seafood, but in the combined evacuation facility 1 of this embodiment, since it is equipped with an agricultural building 200 and a fishing building 300, fresh vegetables and seafood that have been harvested can be easily provided.

[0026] The combined evacuation facility 1 of this embodiment is equipped with an agricultural building 200 and a fishing building 300, and therefore constantly maintains the water necessary for cultivating crops and the water necessary for raising fish and shellfish. In the event of a disaster, this water can also be temporarily used as drinking water in the administration building 100.

[0027] It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and can be modified without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, the administration building 100 only needs to be equipped with an AC space 108 that can be used as an evacuation center to accept disaster victims in the event of a disaster, and various electrical equipment such as a battery 105 and a controller 106 including an inverter or power conditioner, and does not necessarily have to be a three-story building. Also, the administration building 100 does not necessarily have to be a single building, and may be composed of multiple buildings. In this case, the building where the AC space 108 is provided and the building where the various electrical equipment such as the battery 105 and the controller 106 including an inverter or power conditioner are located may be different buildings. It is preferable that all buildings constituting the administration building 100 are different buildings from the agricultural building 200 and the fishing building 300. This is because even if the agricultural building 200 and the fishing building 300 are damaged, the battery 105 can be used or evacuation to the administration building 100 can be provided. However, it is not necessary for all buildings in the administration building 100 to be different from the agricultural building 200 and the fishing building 300; it is sufficient that at least the building in the administration building 100 that houses the exchange space 108 is different from the agricultural building 200 and the fishing building 300.

[0028] In the above embodiment, the combined evacuation facility 1 was equipped with an agricultural building 200 and a fishing building 300, but it is not necessary to have both, and it may be equipped with only one of either the agricultural building 200 or the fishing building 300.

[0029] The agricultural building 200 and / or fishing building 300 do not necessarily have to be tent warehouses; wooden buildings, reinforced concrete buildings, etc., may also be used. For example, as shown in Figure 3, a closed school building 600 can be used as the agricultural building 200 and / or fishing building 300. In this case, perovskite solar cells 800 can be placed on the roof, walls, windows, etc., of the school building 600, but it is particularly preferable to place the perovskite solar cells 800 on the windows. By placing the perovskite solar cells 800 on the windows, it is possible to generate electricity while bringing transmitted light into the room. Generally, schools are often used as evacuation shelters, so from a disaster prevention standpoint, they are often located in places with little risk of landslides and other disasters. In this case, it is preferable to use the gymnasium 610 as the administration building 100. By using the gymnasium 610 as the administration building 100, a large number of evacuees can be accommodated. In this case, electrical equipment such as the battery 105 and controller 106 can be placed in the gymnasium 610, but the gymnasium 610 can also be used as a communication space 108 for use as an evacuation center, and the electrical equipment such as the battery 105 and controller 106 can be placed in a separate building from the gymnasium 610.

[0030] In the above embodiments, the perovskite solar cell 800 has been used as an example of a light-transmitting solar cell. However, the light-transmitting solar cell of the present invention does not necessarily have to be a perovskite solar cell, as long as it has light transmittance and flexibility. For example, transparent organic photovoltaic elements (OPVs), transparent dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) that mimic the photosynthetic process of plants, quantum dot solar cells, etc., can also be used. [Explanation of symbols]

[0031] 1. Multi-purpose evacuation facility 100 Administration building 200 Agricultural Buildings 300 Fishery Building 800 Perovskite Solar Cells

Claims

1. A food production building for producing food through agriculture or fisheries, having a light-transmitting section that transmits sunlight and a light-transmitting solar cell provided in at least a part of the light-transmitting section, The facility comprises an evacuation room for multiple disaster victims to take refuge in the event of a disaster, and an administration building having a battery electrically connected to the translucent solar cell for storing the electricity generated by the translucent solar cell, A complex evacuation facility characterized in that, of the aforementioned administration buildings, at least the building in which the evacuation rooms are located and the food production building are different buildings.

2. The composite evacuation facility according to claim 1, characterized in that the food production building is a tent warehouse equipped with a light-transmitting sheet membrane as the light-transmitting section, and the light-transmitting photocell is a perovskite photocell.

3. The composite evacuation facility according to claim 2, wherein the ratio of the total area of ​​the perovskite photovoltaic cells to the total area of ​​the light-transmitting portions is 20% or more and 90% or less.

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