Elevator load testing method

Abstract

The present invention provides an elevator load test method that can obtain a load test graph without using test weights. [Solution] The present invention provides a load test method for an elevator 10, in which a car 20 and a counterweight 30 are connected by a rope 40, and the rope is wound up by a motor 50. The motor is driven at the rated voltage and rated frequency, and upward and downward operations are performed to measure the motor current value in relation to the load, and a load test graph is created from the measured load and motor current value that includes the balance point in which the car and the counterweight are in equilibrium. The method provides a load test method for an elevator in which the motor is driven at the rated voltage and rated frequency in the upward operation direction with the maintenance worker 60 not in the car and with the maintenance worker in the car, and the load test graph is created from the obtained motor current value.

Description

Technical Field

[0005]

[0001] The present invention relates to a load test of an elevator, and more specifically, to a method capable of performing a load test without using a test weight.

Background Art

[0002] When an elevator is installed, an elevator construction completion inspection test defined by the Japan Elevator Association is performed. The construction completion test includes a load test, and test results such as a load test graph obtained by the load test are described in a construction completion inspection test report and submitted to a government agency.

[0003] The load test is a test defined in JIS A4302:2006, and is a test for determining whether the weight balance between the car and the counterweight is appropriate. In the load test, a test weight of 110% of the rated load capacity of the car is brought in, and maintenance personnel (testers) board the car with test weights of 0%, 25%, 50% (or 45%), 75%, 100%, and 110% of the rated load capacity. The motor is rotated at the rated voltage and rated frequency to run the car, and the current value of the motor is measured at the midpoint of the entire lifting and lowering distance, that is, at the position where the car and the counterweight pass each other. Then, the load and the motor current value are measured during the upward operation and the downward operation, respectively, and the measurement points are plotted in a coordinate system with the load on the horizontal axis and the motor current value on the vertical axis, and these measurement points are connected by an approximate curve to obtain a load test graph.

[0004] Then, based on the created load test graph, the counterweight is adjusted to finally obtain a load test graph submitted to a government agency. Also, a balance point where the power running operation and the regenerative operation are switched is derived.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0005]

Patent Document 1

[0006] As described above, load tests are conducted by loading test weights corresponding to the rated load capacity onto the cage each time, and a load test graph is obtained with the motor current value on the vertical axis and the load on the horizontal axis. For example, if the cage's rated load capacity is 1000 kg, the load test will apply a load of 0% to 110%. Therefore, in this case, at least 1100 kg of test weights must be prepared. The load test is then conducted by loading the test weights so that the load is 0%, 25%, 45%, or 50%, 75%, 100%, or 110%. As described above, the measurement points are connected by an approximation curve to obtain the load test graph.

[0007] Thus, the reason why initial setup and maintenance settings and adjustments cannot be made without applying actual load is because they involve uncertain factors such as mechanical losses, electrical losses, and displacement of mechanical parts.

[0008] However, because the load test graph is an approximation curve, the load and motor current values ​​will differ from the values ​​shown on the graph, especially around 50% of the rated load. Also, while a normal load test graph is symmetrical on both the upward and downward sides, even in a normal case, the approximation curve will be distorted.

[0009] Therefore, in Japanese Patent Application No. 2023-214451, the applicant has made it possible to easily derive the balance point by adopting a load test graph in which the measurement points obtained by the load test using the above test weight are connected by straight lines on the upward and downward sides, respectively, without approximating the load test graph.

[0010] However, even with the applicant's method, the process remains the same: a test weight corresponding to the rated load capacity must be prepared, swapped, and measured each time a load test is performed.

[0011] The object of the present invention is to provide an elevator load test method that can obtain a load test graph without using test weights. [Means for solving the problem]

[0012] The present invention provides a load test method for elevators. A load test method for an elevator in which a car and counterweight are connected by a rope and the rope is wound up by a motor, wherein the motor is driven at the rated voltage and rated frequency and the elevator is operated in an upward and downward operation, the motor current value relative to the load is measured, and a load test graph is created from the measured load and motor current value that includes the balance point in which the car and the counterweight are in equilibrium, The motor is driven in the upward direction at the rated voltage and rated frequency, both with and without a maintenance worker in the basket, and the load test graph is created from the obtained motor current values.

[0013] The motor current is, With no maintenance personnel on board the basket, the motor is driven in the upward direction at the rated voltage and rated frequency, and the motor current is measured to obtain the motor current value without maintenance personnel. With the maintenance worker placed in the basket, the motor is driven in the upward direction at the rated voltage and rated frequency, and the motor current is measured to obtain the motor current value with the maintenance worker present. With the maintenance worker not placed in the basket, the motor is driven in the downward direction at the rated voltage and rated frequency, and the motor current is measured to obtain the motor current value without a maintenance worker. With the maintenance worker placed in the basket, the motor is driven in the downward direction at the rated voltage and rated frequency, and the motor current is measured to obtain the motor current value with the maintenance worker present. And, The load without a maintenance worker is set to zero percent, and the load with a maintenance worker is set to the ratio (%) of the maintenance worker's weight to the rated load capacity of the cage. From the measured upward motor current values ​​without a maintenance worker, upward motor current values ​​with a maintenance worker, downward motor current values ​​without a maintenance worker, and downward motor current values ​​with a maintenance worker, the load test graph can be created by obtaining the upward measurement point for the upward motor without a maintenance worker for the upward motor without a maintenance worker, the upward measurement point for the upward motor with a maintenance worker for the upward motor with a maintenance worker, the downward measurement point for the downward motor without a maintenance worker, and the downward measurement point for the downward motor with a maintenance worker for the downward motor with a maintenance worker, respectively.

[0014] The aforementioned load test graph is prepared using a coordinate system with the motor current value on the vertical axis and the load on the horizontal axis. The upward measurement point without maintenance personnel, the upward measurement point with maintenance personnel, the downward measurement point without maintenance personnel, and the downward measurement point with maintenance personnel are plotted. An upward graph consisting of: a first upward line drawn by a straight line connecting the upward measurement point without maintenance personnel and the upward measurement point with maintenance personnel; a second upward line drawn from the upward balance point, with the first upward slope calculated as the slope of the first upward line, and the intersection point of the first upward line and zero motor current set as the upward balance point, and the second upward line drawn from the upward balance point with the first upward slope set as a positive value; A descending graph consisting of a first descending line drawn by a straight line connecting the descending measurement point without maintenance personnel and the descending measurement point with maintenance personnel, a first descending slope calculated as the slope of the first descending line, a second descending line with a second descending slope set to a positive value from the intersection of the first descending line and zero motor current as the descending balance point, and the first descending slope set to a positive value from the descending balance point, This can be done by obtaining [something]. [Effects of the Invention]

[0015] According to the elevator load test method of the present invention, with the car ascending and descending respectively in the state where the maintenance staff is not on the car and the state where the maintenance staff is on the car, the no-maintenance staff ascending motor current value, the no-maintenance staff descending motor current value, the with-maintenance staff ascending motor current value, and the with-maintenance staff descending motor current value are obtained, and a load test graph including the balance point can be created from these measured values. When creating the load test graph, there is no need for the laborious tasks such as bringing in and reloading the test weight corresponding to the rated load capacity, and the creation of the load test graph can be extremely easily performed.

Brief Description of Drawings

[0016] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an elevator. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a load test device. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of an elevator for a load test (a) without a maintenance staff and (b) with a maintenance staff. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a coordinate system with the load plotted with the measurement points U0, U1, D0, and D1 on the horizontal axis and the motor current value on the vertical axis. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a load test graph (ascending graph UG, descending graph DG) obtained by the method of the present invention. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a graph obtained by plotting the measurement points obtained in the load test specified in JIS on the load test graph obtained by the method of the present invention.

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0017] The embodiments of the present invention will be described while referring to the drawings.

[0018] This is a schematic diagram of an elevator 10 according to one embodiment of the present invention. The elevator 10 consists of a car 20 on which passengers board and a counterweight 30 that balances the car 20, connected by a rope 40, and the rope 40 is hoisted onto a sheave 51 and a deflector 52. A motor 50, which serves as a hoisting machine, is connected to the sheave 51, and the car 20 is raised and lowered by rotating the motor 50.

[0019] The load test of the present invention can be performed, for example, when the elevator 10 is installed, that is, when the installation work is completed or during maintenance.

[0020] Figure 2 shows one embodiment of a load test device 70 for measuring load test results. The load test device 70 comprises an ammeter 72 for measuring the current value of the motor 50, an input unit 73 for inputting the weight (body weight) of the maintenance worker 60 riding in the cage 20, and a processing unit 71. Based on the current value from the ammeter 72 and the ratio of the maintenance worker's weight (converted to load W%) from the input unit 73, the processing unit 71 calculates the measurement points as follows, creates a load test graph, and displays it on a display unit 74 such as an LCD so that the maintenance worker can visually view it.

[0021] The load test will be conducted in two states: as shown in Figure 3(a), with the cage 20 containing the maintenance worker 60 but without any other weights or heavy objects (hereinafter referred to as "without maintenance worker"), and as shown in Figure 3(b), with the maintenance worker 60 on the cage 20 (hereinafter referred to as "with maintenance worker"). In the "without maintenance worker" state, the ratio of heavy objects to the rated load capacity will be 0%.

[0022] On the other hand, with a maintenance worker present, the maintenance worker 60 itself serves as the test weight for the conventional load test. Therefore, the present invention eliminates the need to bring in heavy objects such as test weights that were required for the load test. With a maintenance worker present, it is necessary to measure the exact weight of the maintenance worker 60 in advance and calculate in the processing unit 71 what percentage of the rated load capacity of the cage 20 that this weight represents. For example, if the weight of the maintenance worker 60 is 65 kg and the rated load capacity of the cage 20 is 1000 kg, the ratio of the maintenance worker 60's weight to the cage's rated load capacity will be 6.5%.

[0023] In the load test, the motor 50 is rotated at the rated voltage and rated frequency to move the car 20 under the conditions of no maintenance personnel and with maintenance personnel, and the current value of the motor 50 is measured using an ammeter 72 at the midpoint of the total lifting distance, i.e., at the position where the car 20 and the counterweight 30 pass each other. The motor current value in the upward operation direction without maintenance personnel is referred to as the unmaintenance-free upward motor current value IU0, the motor current value in the upward operation direction with maintenance personnel is referred to as the maintenance-equipped upward motor current value IU1, the motor current value in the downward operation direction without maintenance personnel is referred to as the unmaintenance-free downward motor current value ID0, and the motor current value in the downward operation direction with maintenance personnel is referred to as the maintenance-equipped downward motor current value ID1.

[0024] The measured motor current values ​​are input to the processing unit 71, which obtains measurement points U0, U1, D0, and D1 consisting of the load and motor current value in the direction of operation. Specifically, the measurement points are the following four points, with the load as the X coordinate and the motor current value as the Y coordinate.

[0025] No maintenance personnel present. Elevation measurement point U0(0,IU0) Maintenance personnel present. Rising measurement point U1 (W, IU1) No maintenance personnel present. Lowering measurement point D0 (0, ID0) Maintenance personnel present at the descending measurement point D1 (W, ID1)

[0026] Next, the processing unit 71 plots the measurement points U0, U1, D0, and D1 on a coordinate system with the load on the horizontal axis (X axis) and the motor current value on the vertical axis (Y axis), as shown in Figure 4.

[0027] The processing unit 71 then derives a load test graph from the plotted measurement points U0, U1, D0, and D1. There are two types of load test graphs: an upward graph UG and a downward graph DG.

[0028] The upward graph UG is derived in the following manner. First, as shown in Figure 5, the processing unit 71 calculates the first upward line UP1, which connects the upward measurement point U0(0,IU0) without maintenance personnel and the upward measurement point U1(W,IU1) with maintenance personnel, and the first upward slope SUP1 of this first upward line UP1. Next, the intersection point of the first upward line UP1 and the zero motor current in the coordinate system is calculated as the upward-side balance point UPB. Furthermore, the second upward slope SUP2 is calculated with the slope of the first upward slope SUP1 set to a positive value, and the second upward line UP2 of the second upward slope SUP2 (where the motor current value is in the positive range) is derived from the upward-side balance point UPB. This allows the upward graph UG, which is the load test graph for the upward side, to be obtained.

[0029] A descending graph DG is obtained using a similar procedure. Specifically, as shown in Figure 5, the processing unit 71 calculates the first descending line DN1, which connects the descending measurement point D0 (0, ID0) without a maintenance worker and the descending measurement point D1 (W, ID1) with a maintenance worker, and the first descending slope SDN1 of this first descending line DN1. Next, the intersection point of the first descending line DN1 and the zero motor current in the coordinate system is calculated as the descending balance point DNB. Furthermore, the second descending slope SDN2 is calculated with the slope of the first descending slope SDN1 set to a positive value, and the second descending line DN2 of the second descending slope SDN2 (where the motor current value is in the positive range) is derived from the descending balance point DNB. This allows the descending graph DN, which is the load test graph for the descending side, to be obtained.

[0030] The obtained load test graphs (upward graph UG and downward graph DG) can be displayed on the display unit 14. Figure 5 shows an example of this display. Referring to the figure, it can be seen that both the upward graph UP and the downward graph DN are V-shaped graphs. Based on the obtained load test graphs (upward graph UP and downward graph DN), the counterweights can be adjusted. After adjusting the counterweights, the load test can be performed again, and the load test graph can be used to confirm whether the counterweights have been adjusted correctly. No test weights are required for this verification load test.

[0031] According to the present invention, it is not necessary to prepare multiple test weights, rearrange them, and repeatedly raise and lower the motor to obtain a load test graph. In other words, test weights are unnecessary, and therefore, their transport and rearrangement are also unnecessary. Furthermore, the motor current value can be obtained by raising and lowering the motor in two patterns: without the maintenance worker 60 and with the maintenance worker 60 on board. A load test graph can then be derived from these obtained motor current values. Consequently, there is a significant advantage in reducing the time and effort required for load testing.

[0032] For example, in conventional load testing, which involves preparing and switching out multiple test weights, a total of 720 minutes was required: 20 minutes x 3 people for adjustment work and 220 minutes x 3 people for preparation and cleanup work. However, in the load testing method of the present invention, the adjustment work only requires 20 minutes x 2 people for a total of 40 minutes, achieving a significant reduction not only in time but also in labor costs.

[0033] Furthermore, in order to confirm the reliability of the load test graphs (upward graph UP and downward graph DN) obtained by the present invention, measurement points were calculated by actual load tests using the method specified in JIS and plotted in the coordinate system of the present invention.

[0034] The load test specified in JIS was carried out using the load test apparatus 70 shown in Figure 2 in the following manner. First, based on the load test specified in JIS A4302:2006, weights of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%, and 110% of the rated load capacity were prepared on the elevator car 20. Then, with each weight placed on the car, the motor 50 was rotated at the rated voltage and rated frequency to move the car 20, and the motor current value was measured at the midpoint of the total lifting distance, i.e., the position where the car 20 and the counterweight 30 pass each other. Measurements were performed during both upward and downward operation, and measurement points were obtained with the load and motor current value as coordinates.

[0035] Figure 6 plots measurement points obtained from a load test specified in JIS on the load test graph of the present invention (upward graph UP and downward graph DN). Note that the measurement points at 50% load are plotted overlapping on the upward and downward sides. Referring to the figure, it can be seen that measurement points measured according to JIS exist on the load test graph of the present invention (upward graph UP and downward graph DN). In other words, it can be seen that the load test graph (upward graph UP and downward graph DN) obtained by the method of the present invention is reliable.

[0036] The above description is for the purpose of explaining the present invention and should not be interpreted as limiting or restricting the scope of the invention described in the claims. Furthermore, it goes without saying that the configuration of each part of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and can be modified in various ways within the technical scope described in the claims.

[0037] For example, in the above embodiment, one maintenance worker 60 is given as an example, but the load test may be performed with two or more maintenance workers simultaneously on the cage 20. In this case, the total weight of all maintenance workers will be the weight of maintenance worker 60.

[0038] The weight of the maintenance worker 60 is preferably heavier, but preferably up to 30% of the maximum load capacity of the cage 20. This is because the upward balance point UPB is between 30% and 50% of the load, and if the load ratio of the maintenance worker 60 to the maximum load capacity exceeds 30%, it becomes impossible to derive the upward balance point UPB.

[0039] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the maintenance worker 60 is used as a weight substitute for the test weight, but it is also possible to place the test weight on the cage 20 instead of the maintenance worker 60 and perform the load test. Even in this case, measurements can be taken with one type of test weight up to 30% of the maximum load capacity of the cage 20.

[0040] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the motor current value is measured by moving the car 20 back and forth once under both conditions with and without a maintenance worker. However, the car 20 may be moved back and forth multiple times, for example, three times, and the average value may be used as the motor current value when the variation in the measured motor current values ​​is less than or equal to a predetermined value. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0041] 10 Elevators 20 baskets 30 counterweights 50 motors 60 Maintenance staff

Claims

1. A load test method for an elevator in which a car and counterweight are connected by a rope and the rope is wound up by a motor, wherein the motor is driven at the rated voltage and rated frequency and the elevator is operated in an upward and downward operation, the motor current value relative to the load is measured, and a load test graph is created from the measured load and motor current value that includes the balance point in which the car and the counterweight are in equilibrium, The motor is driven in the upward direction at the rated voltage and rated frequency, both with the basket without a maintenance worker and with the basket with a maintenance worker, and the load test graph is created from the obtained motor current values. Elevator load testing method.

2. The motor current is, With no maintenance personnel on board the aforementioned basket, the motor is driven in the upward direction at the rated voltage and rated frequency, and the motor current is measured to obtain the motor current value without maintenance personnel. With the maintenance worker placed in the basket, the motor is driven in the upward direction at the rated voltage and rated frequency, and the motor current is measured to obtain the motor current value with the maintenance worker present. With the maintenance worker not placed in the basket, the motor is driven in the downward direction at the rated voltage and rated frequency, and the motor current is measured to obtain the motor current value without a maintenance worker. With the maintenance worker placed in the basket, the motor is driven in the downward direction at the rated voltage and rated frequency, and the motor current is measured to obtain the motor current value with the maintenance worker present. And, The load without a maintenance worker is set to zero percent, and the load with a maintenance worker is set to the ratio (%) of the maintenance worker's weight to the rated load capacity of the cage. From the measured upward motor current values ​​without a maintenance worker, upward motor current values ​​with a maintenance worker, downward motor current values ​​without a maintenance worker, and downward motor current values ​​with a maintenance worker, the load test graph is created by obtaining the upward measurement point for the upward motor without a maintenance worker, the upward measurement point for the upward motor with a maintenance worker, the downward measurement point for the downward motor without a maintenance worker, and the downward measurement point for the downward motor with a maintenance worker. The method for testing the load of an elevator according to claim 1.

3. The aforementioned load test graph is prepared using a coordinate system with the motor current value on the vertical axis and the load on the horizontal axis. The upward measurement point without maintenance personnel, the upward measurement point with maintenance personnel, the downward measurement point without maintenance personnel, and the downward measurement point with maintenance personnel are plotted. An upward graph consisting of: a first upward line drawn by a straight line connecting the upward measurement point without maintenance personnel and the upward measurement point with maintenance personnel; a second upward line drawn from the upward balance point, with the first upward slope calculated as the slope of the first upward line, and the intersection point of the first upward line and zero motor current set as the upward balance point, and the second upward line with the first upward slope set as a positive value from the upward balance point; A descending graph consisting of a first descending line drawn by a straight line connecting the descending measurement point without maintenance personnel and the descending measurement point with maintenance personnel, a first descending slope calculated as the slope of the first descending line, a second descending line with a second descending slope set to a positive value from the intersection of the first descending line and zero motor current as the descending balance point, and the first descending slope set to a positive value from the descending balance point, This is done by obtaining The method for testing the load of an elevator according to claim 2.

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