Solubility solid cleansing articles containing taurate surfactants

Abstract

To provide soluble solid personal care products containing sulfate-free surfactants, particularly soluble solid cleansing articles, and more specifically, soluble solid fibrous cleansing articles. [Solution] A soluble solid cleansing article is disclosed, comprising (a) a polymer structuring agent in an amount of about 5% to about 60% by weight on a dry basis, and (b) a surfactant system comprising a taurate surfactant, including an acyl taurate surfactant, in an amount of about 13% to about 90% by weight on a dry basis, and an amount of about 10% to about 54% by weight on a dry basis. A melt composition for producing a soluble solid cleansing article is also disclosed. This disclosure provides a soluble solid article, particularly a soluble solid fibrous article, containing a taurate surfactant, especially when polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) is used as the polymer structuring agent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a soluble solid cleansing article comprising: (a) a polymeric structuring agent in an amount of about 5% to about 60% by weight based on the dry article; and (b) a surfactant system comprising a taurate surfactant comprising an acyl taurate surfactant in an amount of about 13% to about 90% by weight based on the dry article, the acyl taurate surfactant being in an amount of about 10% to about 54% by weight based on the dry article. The present disclosure further relates to a melt composition for producing a soluble solid cleansing article. The present disclosure provides a soluble solid article, particularly a soluble solid fibrous article, containing a taurate surfactant, particularly when polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) is used as the polymeric structuring agent.

Background Art

[0002] Many personal care products and other consumer products, including shampoos, that are commercially available today are sold in liquid form. Although liquid products are widely used, they often involve trade-offs in terms of packaging, storage, transportation, and ease of use. For example, these products are generally formulated with a significant amount of liquid, such as water (e.g., about 80% or more), preservatives, and stabilizers, which adds a significant amount of bulk, making transportation and storage inefficient and costly. Also, liquid personal care products can be difficult to use from the perspective of controlling the application amount and delivery of the product. <2000107> To overcome some of these drawbacks, it may be desirable to formulate personal care products as solid articles, such as fibrous articles. Fibrous articles may be preferable because they can dissolve quickly in smooth compositions. A fibrous article, such as a shampoo, can provide consumers with an acceptable amount of foam. Fibrous articles may be made from a filament-forming composition, which may be a melt containing at least a polymer structuring agent, a surfactant, and a volatile liquid solvent such as water. The filament-forming composition may be spun into one or more fibrous elements via a spinning die. After spinning, the fibrous elements may be dried to remove the liquid solvent, and then collected on a belt to form a fibrous article containing the fibrous elements.

[0004] Furthermore, there is a need for personal care products that are substantially free of sulfate-based surfactants. [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0005] Therefore, there is a need to provide soluble solid personal care products, particularly soluble solid cleansing articles, and more specifically, soluble solid fibrous cleansing articles, that contain sulfate-free surfactants. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] This disclosure refers to soluble solid cleansing articles including: (a) A polymer structuring agent in an amount of approximately 5% to 60% by weight on a dry article basis, and (b) A surfactant system comprising a taurate surfactant, including an acyl taurate surfactant, in an amount of about 10% to about 54% by weight, preferably about 20% to about 53% by weight, more preferably about 30% to about 52% by weight, and even more preferably about 40% to about 52% by weight, on a dry basis, comprising about 13% to about 90% by weight on a dry basis.

[0007] This disclosure further refers to a molten composition for producing a soluble solid cleansing article, the molten composition comprising: (a) A polymer structuring agent in an amount of about 1% to about 25% by weight of the molten composition. (b) A surfactant system comprising about 3% to about 19% by weight of the molten composition, preferably about 7% to about 17% by weight, more preferably about 10% to about 17% by weight, and even more preferably about 13% to about 17% by weight of the molten composition, comprising a taurate surfactant including an acyl taurate surfactant, and about 5% to about 35% by weight of the molten composition, and (c) Water.

[0008] A recent trend is that consumers want to replace conventional sulfated cleansing compositions with milder, sulfate-free alternatives.

[0009] One sulfate-free surfactant known for use in personal care compositions is a taurate surfactant, such as sodium methyl cocoyl taurate (SMCT). However, the inventors have found that using taurate surfactants, such as sodium methyl cocoyl taurate (SMCT), especially those with a high surfactant percentage (%), rather than sulfate-based surfactants, makes the production of soluble solid articles, particularly soluble solid fibrous articles, more difficult.

[0010] Surprisingly, the inventors have found that the use of acyl taurate, particularly when polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) is used as a polymer structuring agent, can produce soluble solid articles, especially soluble solid fibrous articles containing taurate surfactants. Furthermore, surprisingly, the inventors have found that the use of acyl taurate can provide a suitable melt composition for producing soluble solid articles, especially soluble solid fibrous articles containing taurate surfactants.

[0011] Furthermore, it has been found that certain combinations of acyl taurate and N-alkyl acyl taurate (e.g., methyl acyl taurate) can provide additional benefits to personal care compositions that do not contain sulfates, by addressing at least one of the following drawbacks: low foaming, insufficient cleansing, undesirable interactions with other components, particularly undesirable interactions with cationic polymers (e.g., cationic conditioning polymers) that reduce foaming and / or cleansing properties, and low stability. Certain combinations of acyl taurate and N-alkyl acyl taurate (e.g., methyl acyl taurate) have been found to provide at least one of the following additional benefits: desired foaming properties, gentle cleansing, good compatibility with cationic polymers (e.g., cationic conditioning polymers) with little or no undesirable effects on foaming and / or cleansing properties.

[0012] Certain combinations of acyl taurates and N-alkyl acyl taurates (e.g., methyl acyl taurate) may further provide improved compatibility with polymer structuring agents, particularly polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) polymer structuring agents. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0013] This specification concludes with claims that specifically point to and clearly assert the subject matter of the present invention, but the present invention may be more readily understood from the following description relating to the accompanying drawings. [Figure 1] This is a schematic diagram of an example process for manufacturing fiber elements. [Figure 2] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a die used in the process, in a magnified view. [Figure 3] This is an example of a fibrous article containing filaments. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0014] definition "Solubility" means that a soluble solid article dissolves completely in water or, when mixed in water according to the hand dissolution test described below, yields a homogeneous dispersion. When measured by the hand dissolution method, soluble solid articles may have hand dissolution values ​​of approximately 1 to approximately 30 strokes, alternatively approximately 2 to approximately 25 strokes, alternatively approximately 3 to approximately 20 strokes, and alternatively approximately 4 to approximately 15 strokes.

[0015] As used herein, “fibrous article” means a structure comprising one or more fibrous elements and optionally one or more particles and / or coatings. In one embodiment, the fibrous article means a functional combination of fibrous elements and optionally particles and / or coatings that together form a structure such as an integral structure.

[0016] Figure 3 shows an example of a fibrous article containing filaments.

[0017] The fibrous article may be homogeneous or layered. If layered, the fibrous article may contain at least two and / or at least three and / or at least four and / or at least five layers, for example, one or more fibrous element layers, one or more particle layers, and / or one or more fibrous element / particle mixed layers. The layers may include particle layers within the fibrous article or between fibrous element layers within the fibrous article. Layers containing fibrous elements may be referred to as plies. A ply may be a fibrous article that is homogeneous or layered as described herein.

[0018] In one embodiment, a single-ply fibrous article, or a multi-ply fibrous article containing one or more fibrous article plies, is measured according to the basis weight test method described herein and yields 5000 g / m². 2 It may exhibit a basis weight of less than 10 g / m². In one example, a single-ply or multi-ply fibrous article, when measured according to a basis weight test method, is 10 g / m². 2 Super~approx. 5000g / m 2 , and / or 10 g / m² 2 Super ~ about 3000g / m 2 , and / or 10 g / m²2 Over ~ about 2000 g / m 2 and / or 10 g / m 2 Over ~ about 1000 g / m 2 and / or 20 g / m 2 Over ~ about 800 g / m 2 and / or 30 g / m 2 Over ~ about 600 g / m 2 and / or 50 g / m 2 Over ~ about 500 g / m 2 and / or 100 g / m 2 Over ~ about 800 g / m 2 and / or 200 g / m 2 Over ~ about 600 g / m 2 may exhibit a basis weight of.

[0019] In one embodiment, the fibrous article can be an "integrated fibrous article".

[0020] As used herein, an "integrated fibrous article" is an arrangement comprising two or more and / or three or more fibrous elements that are intertwined with each other or otherwise joined to form a fibrous article. The integrated fibrous article can optionally contain particles. The integrated fibrous article can be one or more plies within a multi-ply fibrous article. In one embodiment, the integrated fibrous article may comprise three or more different fibrous elements. In another embodiment, the integrated fibrous article may comprise two different fibrous elements, e.g., a co-formed fibrous article, with different fibrous elements deposited on top to form a fibrous article comprising three or more different fibrous elements.

[0021] As used herein, an "article" refers to a consumer unit, a consumer unit dose unit, a consumer salable unit, a single-dose unit, or other forms of use including an integrated fibrous article and / or one or more fibrous articles.

[0022] "Weight based on dry filament" refers to the weight of the filament measured immediately after it has been prepared for two hours in a room adjusted to a temperature of 22°C ± 2°C and a relative humidity of 42% ± 4%. Similarly, "weight based on dry fiber element" or "weight based on dry fiber article" refers to the weight of the fiber element or structure after it has been prepared for two hours in a room adjusted to a temperature of 22°C ± 2°C and a relative humidity of 42% ± 4%.

[0023] As used herein, "fiber element" means an elongated particle having a length significantly greater than its average diameter, i.e., a length-to-average diameter ratio of at least about 10. A fiber element may be a filament or a fiber. In one example, a fiber element may be a single fiber element rather than a yarn containing multiple fiber elements.

[0024] The fiber elements may be spun from a filament-forming composition, also called a fiber element-forming composition, by a suitable spinning process operation (e.g., melt-blown, spun-bonding, electrospinning, and / or spin-tossing).

[0025] The fiber elements may be single-component and / or multi-component. For example, the fiber elements may include two-component fibers and / or filaments. The two-component fibers and / or filaments may take any form, such as side-by-side, core-sheath, or sea-island.

[0026] As used herein, “filament” means an elongated particle having a length of 5.08 cm (2 inches) or more, and / or 7.62 cm (3 inches) or more, and / or 10.16 cm (4 inches) or more, and / or 15.24 cm (6 inches) or more.

[0027] Filaments are typically considered to be essentially continuous or substantially continuous. Filaments are relatively longer than fibers. Non-limiting examples of filaments include meltblown filaments and / or spunbond filaments. Non-limiting examples of polymers that can be spun into filaments include, for example, natural polymers such as starch, starch derivatives, cellulose (e.g., rayon and / or lyocell), cellulose derivatives, hemicellulose, and hemicellulose derivatives, as well as thermoplastic polymer filaments, for example, polyester, nylon, polyolefins (e.g., polypropylene filaments and polyethylene filaments), and biodegradable thermoplastic fibers, for example, polylactic acid filaments, polyhydroxyalkanoate filaments, polyesteramide filaments, and polycaprolactone filaments, as well as synthetic polymers, which are not limited to these.

[0028] As used herein, “fiber” means elongated particles such as those described above, having a length of less than 5.08 cm (2 inches) and / or less than 3.81 cm (1.5 inches) and / or less than 2.54 cm (1 inch).

[0029] Fibers are typically considered to be inherently discontinuous. A non-limiting example of a fiber is staple fiber, which is produced by spinning a filament or filament tow and then cutting the filament or filament tow into pieces less than 5.08 cm (2 inches) long to produce fibers.

[0030] In one embodiment, one or more fibers can be formed from a filament when the filament is cut to a shorter length (such as less than 5.08 cm). Thus, in one embodiment, the disclosure further includes fibers made from filaments, such as fibers containing one or more polymer structuring agents, as well as one or more other components such as surfactants and high-melting-point oil materials. Accordingly, references to one or more filaments in this specification also include fibers made from such one or more filaments unless otherwise specified. Fibers are typically considered to be discontinuous in nature with respect to filaments, which are typically considered to be continuous in nature.

[0031] As used herein, “molten composition” means a composition that may be suitable for producing a soluble solid article, and may also be referred to as “filament-forming composition” and / or “fiber-forming composition” as described below.

[0032] As used herein, “filament-forming composition” and / or “fiber element-forming composition” mean a composition that may be suitable for producing fiber elements, such as by melt-blown and / or spunbonding. A filament-forming composition comprises one or more polymer structuring agents and exhibits properties that make the filament-forming composition suitable for spinning into fiber elements. Furthermore, a filament-forming composition may comprise one or more polar solvents (such as water) in which one or more, for example, all polymer structuring agents and / or one or more, for example, all surfactants are dissolved and / or dispersed before spinning the fiber elements (such as filaments derived from the filament-forming composition). In one embodiment, the filament produced from the filament-forming composition comprises one or more activators, for example, one or more activators which may be the same as or different from the activators in the fiber elements and / or particles, and which may be present in the filament rather than on the filament, such as in a coating composition containing one or more activators.

[0033] In one embodiment, one or more additives, such as activators, may be present in the fiber element, and one or more additional additives, such as activators, may be present on the surface of the fiber element. In another embodiment, the fiber element may contain one or more additives, such as activators, which are originally present in the fiber element during manufacturing but form a bloom on the surface of the fiber element before and / or when exposed to the intended use conditions of the fiber element.

[0034] As used herein, “vinylpyrrolidone copolymer” (and as used by reference thereto, “copolymer”) refers to a polymer having the following structure (I):

[0035] [ka]

[0036] In structure (I), n is an integer such that the polymer structuring agent has a degree of polymerization such that it has the properties described herein. For clarity, the use of the term “copolymer” is intended to convey that vinylpyrrolidone monomers can be copolymerized with other non-limiting monomers such as vinyl acetate, alkylated vinylpyrrolidone, vinylcaprolactam, vinylvalerolactam, vinylimidazole, acrylic acid, methacrylate, acrylamide, methacrylamide, dimethacrylamide, alkylaminomethacrylate, and alkylaminomethacrylamide monomers.

[0037] As used herein, “vinyl acetate-vinyl alcohol copolymer” (and “copolymer” as used by reference) refers to a polymer having the following structure (I):

[0038] [ka]

[0039] In structure (I), m and n are integers such that the polymer structuring agent has the degree of polymerization and alcohol percentage characteristics described herein. For clarity, the use of the term “copolymer” is intended to convey that partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl acetate contains vinyl alcohol and vinyl acetate units. As will be discussed later, polymer structuring agents are typically prepared by polymerizing vinyl acetate monomers and then hydrolyzing some of the acetate ester groups to alcohol groups, in contrast to polymerization of vinyl acetate and vinyl alcohol monomer units (partly due to the instability of vinyl alcohol).

[0040] As used herein, “intended use conditions” means the temperature, physical, chemical, and / or mechanical conditions to which the fibrous elements, and / or particles, and / or fibrous articles are exposed when they are used for one or more of their design uses. For example, if fibrous elements, and / or particles, and / or fibrous articles containing fibrous elements are designed to be used by humans as a shampoo for hair care purposes, the intended use conditions would include the temperature, chemical, physical, and / or mechanical conditions present in the shampoo applied to human hair. Similarly, if fibrous elements, and / or particles, and / or fibrous articles containing fibrous elements are designed to be used in dishwashing operations by hand or in a dishwasher, the intended use conditions would include the temperature, chemical, physical, and / or mechanical conditions present in the dishwashing water and / or in the dishwasher during the dishwashing operation.

[0041] As used herein, “activator” means an additive that produces an intended effect in the environment outside of a fibrous element and / or particle and / or fibrous article containing the fibrous element, for example, when the fibrous element and / or particle and / or fibrous article is exposed to the intended conditions of use of the fibrous element and / or particle and / or fibrous article containing the fibrous element. In one example, the activator includes an additive that treats a surface such as a soft surface (i.e., hair, skin). In another embodiment, the activator includes an additive that causes a chemical reaction (i.e., foaming, foaming, coloring, heating, cooling, bubbling, disinfection and / or purification and / or chlorination (such as water purification and / or water disinfection and / or water chlorination)). In yet another example, the activator includes an additive that treats an environment (i.e., deodorizing, purifying, fragrance). In one example, the activator is formed in situ, such as during the formation of fibrous elements and / or particles containing the activator, and for example, the fibrous elements and / or particles may contain a soluble polymer (e.g., starch) and a surfactant (e.g., anionic surfactant), and the soluble polymer and surfactant may create a polymeric complex or coacervate that functions as an activator used to treat hair and / or scalp. In one example, the activator may include, but is not limited to, surfactants and additives, all compositions in the melt, fibrous elements and / or fibrous article other than polymer structuring agents.

[0042] When used herein in relation to surface treatment, “to treat” means that the activator provides a benefit to the surface or the environment. Treatments include adjusting and / or rapidly improving the cleanliness, odor, purity, and / or feel of a surface. In one embodiment, treatment relating to the treatment of a keratinous tissue surface (e.g., skin and / or hair) means adjusting and / or rapidly improving the cosmetic appearance and / or feel of the keratinous tissue. For example, “adjustment of the condition of skin, hair, or nails (keratinous tissue)” means thickening of skin, hair, or nails to reduce atrophy of skin, hair, or nails (e.g., building up the epidermal and / or dermal and / or subcutaneous (e.g., subcutaneous fat or muscle) layers of the skin, and, where applicable, building up the stratum corneum of nails and hair shafts), increased rotation of the dermis-epidermal boundary (also known as the interpapillary ridge), elastic fibrosis, sagging, and deformation of skin or hair. This includes preventing loss of elasticity of the skin or hair (loss, damage, and / or inactivation of functional skin elastin), such as loss of recovery; preventing melaninic or non-melaninic changes in the color of the skin, hair, or nails, such as dark circles under the eyes, blemishes (e.g., uneven redness due to rosacea, etc.) (hereinafter referred to as "erythema"), poor complexion (pale color), discoloration caused by telangiectasia or spider angiography, and gray hair.

[0043] As used herein, “weight ratio” means the ratio between two materials on a dry basis.

[0044] As used herein, "water-soluble material" means a material that is miscible with water. In other words, a material that, under ambient conditions, can form a stable, homogeneous solution with water (one that does not separate for more than 5 minutes after forming a homogeneous liquid).

[0045] As used herein, “water-insoluble” means a material, particle, and / or substrate that does not dissolve or readily decompose when immersed in water. In some cases, water-insoluble materials swell when exposed to water.

[0046] As used herein, “ambient conditions” means 22°C ± 2°C and a relative humidity of 42% ± 4%.

[0047] As used herein, "molecular weight" or "M.Wt." refers to the weight-average molecular weight unless otherwise specified. Molecular weight is measured using the industry standard method of gel permeation chromatography ("GPC").

[0048] When used herein with respect to fiber elements, "length" means the length along the longest axis of the fiber element from one end to the other. If the fiber element has internal twists, curls, or bends, the length is the length along the entire path of the fiber element from one end to the other.

[0049] When used herein in relation to fibrous elements, “diameter” is measured according to the diameter test method described herein. In one embodiment, the fibrous elements exhibit a diameter of less than 100 μm and / or less than 75 μm and / or less than 50 μm and / or less than 25 μm and / or less than 20 μm and / or less than 15 μm and / or less than 10 μm and / or less than 6 μm and / or greater than 1 μm and / or greater than 3 μm.

[0050] As used herein, “inducing condition” means, in one embodiment, any action or event that acts as a stimulus and initiates or causes a change in the fibrous element and / or particles and / or fibrous article, such as the loss or alteration of the physical structure of the fibrous element and / or fibrous article, and / or the release of additives such as activators. In another embodiment, the inducing condition may be present in the environment, such as water, when the fibrous element and / or particles and / or fibrous article is added to water. In other words, no change occurs in water except for the fact that the fibrous element and / or fibrous article is added to water.

[0051] Where used herein with respect to changes in the morphology of fibrous elements and / or particles, “change in morphology” means that a fibrous element undergoes a change in its physical structure. Non-limiting examples of changes in the morphology of fibrous elements and / or particles include dissolution, melting, expansion, contraction, pulverization, bursting, elongation, shortening, and combinations thereof. When exposed to the intended conditions of use, fibrous elements and / or particles may completely or substantially lose their physical structure, or their morphology may change, or they may retain or substantially retain their physical structure.

[0052] "Weight based on dry fiber element" and / or "Weight based on dry fibrous article" means the weight of the fiber element, and / or particle, and / or fibrous article, respectively, measured immediately after they have been adjusted for 2 hours in a room adjusted to a temperature of 22°C ± 2°C and a relative humidity of 42% ± 4%. In one embodiment, "Weight based on dry fiber element" and / or "Weight based on dry fibrous article" means that, when measured according to the moisture content test method described herein, the fiber element, and / or particle, and / or fibrous article contains water, such as free water, up to less than 20% by weight, and / or less than 15% by weight, and / or less than 10% by weight, and / or less than 7% by weight, and / or less than 5% by weight, and / or less than 3% by weight, and / or up to 0% by weight, and / or more than 0% by weight, based on the dry weight of the fiber element, and / or particle, and / or fibrous article.

[0053] For example, as used herein with respect to the total concentration of one or more activators present in a fibrous element and / or particle and / or fibrous article, “total concentration” means the sum of all weight or weight percent of the activators in the test material, e.g., the activators. In other words, a fibrous element and / or particle and / or fibrous article may contain 25% by weight of an anionic surfactant on a dry fibrous element and / or dry fibrous article basis, 15% by weight of a nonionic surfactant on a dry fibrous element and / or dry fibrous article basis, 10% by weight of a chelating agent on a dry fibrous element and / or dry fibrous article basis, and 5% by weight of a fragrance on a dry fibrous element and / or dry fibrous article basis, such that the total concentration of activators present in the fibrous element and / or particle and / or fibrous article is greater than 50% by weight, i.e., greater than 55% by weight on a dry fibrous element and / or dry fibrous article basis.

[0054] As used herein, “textile article product” means a solid form, for example, a rectangular solid sometimes referred to as a sheet, comprising one or more surfactants, e.g., hair care surfactants, shampoo surfactants, conditioning surfactants, and mixtures thereof. In one embodiment, the textile article product comprises one or more surfactants, one or more enzymes (e.g., in the form of enzyme granules), one or more fragrances, and / or one or more anti-foaming agents. In another embodiment, the textile article product comprises a builder and / or a chelating agent. In yet another embodiment, the textile article product comprises a bleaching agent (e.g., encapsulated bleaching agent).

[0055] As used herein with respect to fibrous elements and / or particles, “associate,” “associated,” “association,” and / or “associating” means combining fibrous elements and / or particles, either in direct or indirect contact, so that a fibrous article is formed. In one embodiment, the fibrous elements and / or particles to be associated may be bonded to each other, for example, by adhesive and / or heat bonding. In another example, the fibrous elements and / or particles may be bonded to each other by adhering them onto the same fibrous article to make a belt and / or patterned belt.

[0056] As used herein, “ply” means an individual fibrous article that is optionally arranged in substantially continuous opposite relationships with other pies to form a multi-ply fibrous article. A single fibrous article is also intended to be able to effectively form two “plies” or multiple “plies” by, for example, folding over itself.

[0057] As used herein, the term “not containing” means that the molten composition, or the fibrous element, or the fibrous article, contains 0% of the component by the total weight of the composition, or by the total weight of the fibrous article, or by the total weight of the article, and therefore does not contain any detectable amount of the component mentioned.

[0058] As used herein, the term “substantially absent” means the referred component present in less than 1%, less than 0.8%, less than 0.5%, less than 0.3%, less than 0.1%, or in a negligible amount, of the total weight of the molten composition, or the total weight of the fibrous elements, or the total weight of the fibrous article.

[0059] As used herein, the articles "a" and "an," for example, "an anionic surfactant" or "a fiber," are understood to mean one or more materials as claimed or described herein.

[0060] As used herein, the terms “include,” “includes,” and “including” are intended to be non-limiting.

[0061] All percentages and ratios are calculated on a weight basis unless otherwise stated. All proportions and ratios are calculated based on the total composition unless otherwise stated.

[0062] It should be understood that all maximum numerical limits given throughout this specification include all lower numerical limits as if they were explicitly stated herein. All minimum numerical limits given throughout this specification include all higher numerical limits as if they were explicitly stated herein. All numerical ranges given throughout this specification include all narrow numerical ranges that fall within such broad numerical ranges as if they were explicitly stated herein.

[0063] Unless otherwise specified, all concentrations of components or compositions refer to their active concentrations and exclude impurities that may be present in commercially available sources, such as residual solvents or by-products.

[0064] soluble solid articles Solubility-based solid cleansing articles including the following: (a) A polymer structuring agent in an amount of approximately 5% to 60% by weight on a dry article basis, (b) A surfactant system comprising a taurate surfactant, including an acyl taurate surfactant, in an amount of about 10% to about 54% by weight, preferably about 20% to about 53% by weight, more preferably about 30% to about 52% by weight, and even more preferably about 40% to about 52% by weight, on a dry basis, comprising about 13% to about 90% by weight on a dry basis.

[0065] A soluble solid shampoo article can take any form as long as it is soluble. For example, a soluble solid shampoo article may be a soluble solid shampoo fibrous article, which is described in detail below. Preferably, the fibrous article comprises a plurality of fibrous elements, which are intertwined with each other or otherwise bound together to form the fibrous article. Preferably, such fibrous elements are homogeneous.

[0066] Alternatively, the soluble solid shampoo article may have a porous structure, such as that described in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 20210354901(A1), and in particular, may be characterized by an open-cell content of 80% to 100% as defined in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 20210354901(A1).

[0067] Textile articles A fibrous article may include multiple fibrous elements, such as multiple filaments. A fibrous article may include fibrous elements containing a polymer structuring agent, a surfactant system, and additives that may optionally be present in the fibrous elements or coatings.

[0068] The filament can be homogeneous.

[0069] In one example, a fibrous article comprises multiple fibrous elements that are identical or substantially identical in terms of composition. In another example, a fibrous article may comprise two or more different fibrous elements. Non-limiting examples of differences in fibrous elements may include physical differences such as differences in diameter, length, texture, shape, stiffness, and elasticity; chemical differences such as crosslinking level, solubility, melting point, Tg, activators, polymer structuring agents, color, activator concentration, basis weight, polymer structuring agent concentration, presence of any coating on the fibrous element, whether or not it is biodegradable, whether or not it is hydrophobic, and contact angle; differences in whether or not the fibrous element loses its physical structure when exposed to the intended use conditions; differences in whether or not the morphology of the fibrous element changes when exposed to the intended use conditions; and differences in the rate at which the fibrous element releases one or more of its activators when exposed to the intended use conditions. In one example, two or more fibrous elements and / or particles in a fibrous article may comprise different activators. This may occur when different surfactants, such as anionic surfactants (e.g., shampoo surfactants) and cationic surfactants (e.g., hair conditioner surfactants), are not compatible with each other.

[0070] In another example, a fibrous article may exhibit different areas, such as areas of different basis weight, density, and / or thickness. In yet another example, a fibrous article may have texture on one or more of its surfaces. The surface of the fibrous article may include patterns, such as non-random repeating patterns. The fibrous article may be embossed with an embossed pattern. In yet another example, the fibrous article may include openings. The openings may be arranged in a non-random repeating pattern.

[0071] In one embodiment, the fibrous article, when measured according to the thickness test method described herein, exhibits a thickness of more than 0.01 mm and / or more than 0.05 mm and / or more than 0.1 mm and / or up to about 100 mm and / or up to about 50 mm and / or up to about 20 mm and / or up to about 10 mm and / or up to about 5 mm and / or up to about 2 mm and / or up to about 0.5 mm and / or up to about 0.3 mm.

[0072] In the case of fibrous articles, the structure may contain a large amount of soluble fibers, such as less than 100%, alternatively less than 80%, alternatively less than 60%, and alternatively less than 50%, with an average diameter of, for example, less than 150 micrometers, alternatively less than 100 micrometers, alternatively less than 10 micrometers, and alternatively less than 1 micrometer, and a relative standard deviation in the range of 10% to 50%. As described herein, equivalent amount means at least 10% of all soluble fibers, or at least 25% of all soluble fibers, or at least 50% of all soluble fibers, or at least 75% of all soluble fibers. Equivalent amount may also mean at least 99% of all soluble fibers. Alternatively, about 50% to about 100% of all soluble fibers may have an average diameter of less than 10 micrometers. The soluble fibers may contain an equivalent amount of soluble fibers having an average diameter of less than 1 micrometer, i.e., submicrometer fibers. In embodiments, the fibrous article may have approximately 25% to approximately 100% of all soluble fibers having an average diameter of less than approximately 1 micrometer, alternatively, approximately 35% to approximately 100% of all soluble fibers having an average diameter of less than approximately 1 micrometer, alternatively, approximately 50% to approximately 100% of all soluble fibers having an average diameter of less than approximately 1 micrometer, or alternatively, approximately 75% to approximately 100% of all soluble fibers having an average diameter of less than approximately 1 micrometer.

[0073] In one aspect, an article can be characterized by its specific surface area. An article has a specific surface area of ​​approximately 0.03 m². 2 / g~approx.0.25m 2 / g, or approximately 0.035m 2 / g~approx.0.22m 2 / g, or approximately 0.04m 2 / g ~ approx. 0.19m 2 / g, or approximately 0.045m 2 / g~approx.0.16m 2 It may have a specific surface area of ​​ / g.

[0074] The structure is a flat, flexible structure in the form of a pad, strip, or tape, which may have a thickness of approximately 0.5 mm to approximately 10 mm, alternatively approximately 1 mm to approximately 9 mm, alternatively approximately 2 mm to approximately 8 mm, and alternatively approximately 3 mm to approximately 7 mm, when measured by the following methods. The structure may be a sheet having a thickness of approximately 5 mm to approximately 6.5 mm. Alternatively, two or more sheets may be combined to form a structure having a thickness of approximately 5 mm to approximately 10 mm.

[0075] The structure is approximately 200 grams / m 2 ~Approximately 2,000 grams / m 2 Alternatively, approximately 400g / m 2 ~Approx. 1,200g / m 2 Alternatively, approximately 600g / m 2 ~Approx. 2,000g / m 2 , and alternatively, about 700g / m 2 ~Approx. 1,500g / m 2 It may have a basis weight of [a certain amount].

[0076] The structure is approximately 0.08 g / cm³. 3 ~Approx. 0.40g / cm 3 Alternatively, approximately 0.08 g / cm³ 3 ~Approx. 0.38g / cm 3 Alternatively, approximately 0.10 g / cm³ 3 ~Approx. 0.25g / cm 3 Alternatively, approximately 0.12 g / cm³ 3 ~Approx. 0.20g / cm 3 It can have a dry density of [value missing].

[0077] Non-limiting examples of other fibrous articles suitable for the present disclosure are disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 8,980,816 and 9,139,802, U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2013 / 0171421, and U.S. Patent Application No. 16 / 912876, which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0078] Fiber elements Fibrous elements, such as filaments and / or fibers, comprise one or more polymer structuring agents. In addition to polymer structuring agents, the fibrous elements may further comprise a surfactant system and an optional component comprising a cationic polymer with a relatively high weight-average molecular weight. Examples of fibrous elements can be found in U.S. Patent Application No. 16 / 431,115, which is incorporated by reference.

[0079] Melt composition A molten composition for manufacturing a soluble solid cleansing article, the molten composition comprising: (a) A polymer structuring agent in an amount of about 1% to about 25% by weight of the molten composition, (b) A surfactant system comprising about 3% to about 19% by weight of the molten composition, preferably about 7% to about 17% by weight, more preferably about 10% to about 17% by weight, and even more preferably about 13% to about 17% by weight, including a taurate surfactant containing an acyl taurate surfactant, comprising about 5% to about 35% by weight of the molten composition, (c) Water.

[0080] Preferably, from the viewpoint of fiber formation, the molten composition has a complex viscosity gradient of about -0.14 to about 0, preferably about -0.13 to about 0, and about -0.12 to about 0.

[0081] The gradient of complex viscosity is measured as follows:

[0082] A Discovery HR-3 rheometer (TA Instruments®, Delaware, USA) with a 40 mm 2.002-degree conical plate, Peltier plate steel-106935, and a plate base shape with a Peltier heating / cooling mechanism for temperature control. Measurement is performed by placing approximately 1 gram of composition on the base plate shape and lowering the base plate shape to a target gap of 60 micrometers, leaving no excess of any of the fibrous element-forming compositions. The top of the 2.002-degree conical plate is filled with water, and a solvent trap is placed on top to prevent moisture loss from the sample. Data is collected at 30°C, 40°C, and 50°C using a logarithmic frequency sweep of 0.1–600 rad / s to obtain G' and G'' curves and n * The complex viscosity was obtained. Cox-Merz time-temperature superposition was performed on the data to obtain the complex viscosity n over angular frequencies from 0.01 to 1,000 rad / s. * The following calculation was performed. The gradient of the complex viscosity was calculated from 1 to 10 rad / s.

[0083] Preferably, from the viewpoint of fiber formation, if the molten composition consists of a polymer structuring agent, a taurate surfactant, and water, the molten composition has a transmittance of at least 35, preferably at least 40, and more preferably at least 45. Preferably, from the viewpoint of fiber formation, if the molten composition consists of a polymer structuring agent, a taurate surfactant, a betaine cosurfactant, and water, the molten composition has a transmittance of at least 35, preferably at least 40. The transmittance (%T) is measured using a SpectraMax® Plus 384 Microplate Reader from Molecular Devices. A sample in a 1cm × 1cm × 3.25cm cuvette is measured with a path length of about 1cm using a xenon flash lamp with a wavelength of 600nm. The molten sample is measured at 40°C. The transmittance is reported as %. 100% transmittance is completely transparent, and 0% transmittance is completely opaque.

[0084] Polymer structuring agent The soluble articles and / or fibrous elements may contain polymer structuring agents in amounts of about 5% to 90% by weight, alternatively 10% to about 80% by weight, alternatively about 20% to about 70% by weight, alternatively about 30% to about 65% by weight, alternatively about 35% to about 60% by weight, or alternatively about 20% to about 40% by weight, based on the dry fibrous elements and / or the dry soluble articles.

[0085] Non-limiting examples of polymer structuring agent materials include water-soluble polymers. Water-soluble polymers may be synthetic or naturally derived and may be chemically and / or physically modified. Polar solvent-soluble polymers may exhibit a weight-average molecular weight of about 10,000 g / mol to about 40,000,000 g / mol, preferably about 20,000 g / mol to about 30,000,000 g / mol, more preferably about 35,000 g / mol to about 20,000,000 g / mol, even more preferably about 40,000 g / mol to about 5,000,000 g / mol, and most preferably about 40,000 g / mol to about 500,000 g / mol.

[0086] One or more polymer structuring agents comprise one or more polyvinyl alcohols. The one or more polyvinyl alcohols may exhibit weight-average molecular weights of approximately 10,000 g / mol to approximately 40,000,000 g / mol, alternatively approximately 20,000 g / mol to approximately 30,000,000 g / mol, alternatively approximately 35,000 g / mol to approximately 20,000,000 g / mol, alternatively approximately 40,000 g / mol to approximately 5,000,000 g / mol, or alternatively approximately 40,000 g / mol to approximately 500,000 g / mol.

[0087] One or more polymer structuring agent materials may contain two or more polyvinyl alcohols. One of the two or more polyvinyl alcohols may have a weight-average molecular weight of about 10,000 g / mol to about 100,000 g / mol, alternatively about 20,000 g / mol to about 50,000 g / mol, or alternatively about 25,000 g / mol to about 45,000 g / mol, while the other of the two or more polyvinyl alcohols may have a weight-average molecular weight of about 105,000 g / mol to about 40,000,000 g / mol, preferably about 110,000 g / mol to about 20,000,000 g / mol, more preferably about 120,000 g / mol to about 500,000 g / mol.

[0088] Non-limiting examples of polymer structuring agents include water-soluble hydroxyl polymers, water-soluble thermoplastic polymers, water-soluble biodegradable polymers, water-soluble non-biodegradable polymers, and mixtures thereof.

[0089] One or more polymer structuring agent materials may further contain starch. Preferably, one or more fibrous element-forming polymer structuring agent materials may contain one or more polyvinyl alcohols and starch.

[0090] One or more polymer structuring agent materials may further contain carboxymethylcellulose. One or more polymer structuring agent materials may also contain one or more polyvinyl alcohols and carboxymethylcellulose.

[0091] A surfactant system containing an acyl taurate surfactant, preferably also containing an N-alkyl acyl taurate surfactant. The soluble articles and / or fibrous elements may contain a surfactant system in an amount of about 10% to about 90% by weight, alternatively about 20% to about 80% by weight, alternatively about 30% to about 75% by weight, alternatively about 40% to about 70% by weight, or about 45% to about 65% by weight, based on the dry fibrous elements and / or the dry soluble articles.

[0092] The surfactant system includes a taurate surfactant. The preferred amount of the taurate surfactant is as described above.

[0093] Taurate surfactants include acyl taurate surfactants. Preferably, taurate surfactants also include N-alkyl acyl taurate surfactants. More preferably, taurate surfactants are acyl taurate surfactants and N-alkyl acyl taurate surfactants. Acyl taurate surfactants may be included in taurate surfactants at a concentration of about 10% to about 100% by weight, preferably about 15% to about 100% by weight, and more preferably about 20% to about 90% by weight. The weight ratio of acyl taurate surfactant to N-alkyl acyl taurate surfactant is preferably up to about 1:4.5, more preferably up to about 1:4. The weight ratio of acyl taurate surfactant to N-alkyl acyl taurate surfactant may start from about 50:1, about 40:1, about 30:1, about 25:1, or about 20:1.

[0094] The acyl taurate surfactant of the present invention is generally represented by the following formula I.

[0095] [ka] In the formula, R is an alkyl group having 5 to 23 carbon atoms (e.g., 8 to 20, 10 to 18, or even 12 to 16 carbon atoms), and X is a suitable counterion (e.g., sodium, potassium, magnesium, ammonium, or triethanolamine).

[0096] The acyl taurate surfactants useful in this specification are C6-C 24 It is an acyl taurate surfactant. The C6-C surfactants useful in this specification 24Acyl taurate surfactants may be selected from the group consisting of capric acid ester taurate surfactants, cocoyl taurate surfactants, lauroyl taurate surfactants, myristoyl taurate surfactants, caproyl taurate surfactants, oleoyl taurate surfactants, capryloyl taurate surfactants, palmitoyl taurate surfactants, stearoyl taurate surfactants, linoleyl taurate surfactants, their salts, and combinations thereof.

[0097] The N-alkyl acyl taurate surfactant of the present invention is generally represented by the following formula II.

[0098] [ka] In the formula, R 1 R2 is an alkyl group having 5 to 23 carbon atoms (e.g., 8 to 20, 10 to 18, or even 12 to 16 carbon atoms), X is a suitable counterion (e.g., sodium, potassium, magnesium, ammonium, or triethanolamine), and R2 is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

[0099] The N-alkyl acyl taurate surfactants useful herein can be selected from methyl-substituted acyl taurates, ethyl-substituted acyl taurates, propyl-substituted acyl taurates, butyl-substituted acyl taurates, their salts, and combinations thereof. Among these, preferred N-alkyl acyl taurates are selected from the group consisting of methyl caprin ester taurate, methyl cocoyl taurate, methyl lauroyl taurate, methyl myristoyl taurate, methyl caproyl taurate, methyl oleoyl taurate, methyl capryloyl taurate, methyl palmitoyl taurate, methyl stearoyl taurate, methyl linoleoyl taurate, their salts, and combinations thereof.

[0100] It should be understood that the taurate surfactants described herein are typically not a single compound as represented by their general formula (I) or (II), but rather a mixture of several homologs having varying chain lengths and molecular weights. Furthermore, the taurate surfactants herein may be either saturated or unsaturated.

[0101] Preferred surfactant system having betaine cosurfactant Preferably, the surfactant system contains a betaine surfactant as a cosurfactant, compared to other cosurfactants such as sultaine cosurfactants, when the article is a fibrous article, from the viewpoint of improved fiber formation. Preferably, such a betaine surfactant is selected from the group consisting of cocamidopropyl betaine, lauramidopropyl betaine, cocobetaine, lauryl betaine, and mixtures thereof. More preferably, the betaine surfactant is cocamidopropyl betaine, compared to other cosurfactants including lauramidopropyl betaine, from the viewpoint of improved hair feel, such as a smooth feel on wet hair.

[0102] Furthermore, the weight ratio of taurate surfactant (total of acyl taurate surfactant and N-alkyl acyl taurate surfactant) to betaine cosurfactant, particularly cocamidopropyl betaine, is preferably about 1:2 to about 4:1, more preferably about 1:1.5 to about 3:1, and even more preferably about 1:1.2 to about 2:1, taking into consideration at least one of the following: improved fiber formation when the article is a fibrous article, improved foaming, and / or improved hair feel such as a smooth feel on wet hair (compared to other weight ratios).

[0103] In this preferred surfactant system, the taurate surfactant may be contained in the molten composition at a concentration of about 4% to about 15%, more preferably about 4.5% to about 10%, and even more preferably about 4.5% to about 8%, and the betaine cosurfactant, in particular cocamidopropyl betaine, may be contained in the molten composition at a concentration of about 2% to about 9%, more preferably about 3% to about 7%, taking into consideration at least one of the following: improved fiber formation when the article is a fibrous article, improved foaming, and / or improved hair feel such as a smooth feel on wet hair.

[0104] In this preferred surfactant system, the taurate surfactant may be contained in the article at a concentration of about 14% to about 54% by weight, more preferably about 16% to about 37% by weight, and even more preferably about 16% to about 30% by weight, based on dry fiber elements and / or dry soluble articles, and the betaine cosurfactant, in particular cocamidopropyl betaine, may be contained in the article at a concentration of about 7% to about 34% by weight, more preferably about 11% to about 26% by weight, based on dry fiber elements and / or dry soluble articles, taking into consideration at least one of the following: improved fiber formation when the article is a fibrous article, improved foaming, and / or improved hair feel such as a smooth feel on wet hair.

[0105] It is substantially free of sulfate-based surfactants. Preferably, the article is substantially free of sulfate-based surfactants.

[0106] As used herein, the term “substantially absent” means that the listed ingredient is present in an amount less than 1%, less than 0.8%, less than 0.5%, less than 0.3%, less than 0.1%, or less than an insignificant amount relative to the total weight of the article.

[0107] As used herein, the term “does not contain” means that the article contains 0% of the listed component relative to the total weight of the article, and therefore does not contain any detectable amount of the listed component.

[0108] Such sulfate-based surfactants include alkyl sulfates and alkyl ether sulfates. Such alkyl ether sulfates may include alkyl glyceryl ether sulfates. Such sulfate-based surfactants do not contain conventional sulfates such as sodium sulfate.

[0109] Examples of sulfate-based surfactants include ammonium lauryl sulfate, ammonium laureth sulfate, triethylamine lauryl sulfate, triethylamine laureth sulfate, triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, triethanolamine laureth sulfate, monoethanolamine lauryl sulfate, monoethanolamine laureth sulfate, diethanolamine lauryl sulfate, diethanolamine laureth sulfate, sodium lauryl monoglyceride sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium laureth sulfate, potassium lauryl sulfate, potassium laureth sulfate, ammonium cocoyl sulfate, ammonium lauroyl sulfate, sodium cocoyl sulfate, sodium lauroyl sulfate, potassium cocoyl sulfate, potassium lauryl sulfate, triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, monoethanolamine cocoyl sulfate, and monoethanolamine lauryl sulfate, as well as combinations thereof.

[0110] Other anionic surfactants The surfactant system may contain other anionic surfactants other than the taurate surfactants listed above. Such other anionic surfactants are, for example, sulfonate-containing anionic surfactants selected from the group consisting of sulfonate anionic surfactants, isethionate anionic surfactants, sulfosuccinate anionic surfactants, sulfoacetate anionic surfactants, and mixtures thereof.

[0111] Sulfonate anionic surfactants can be selected from the group consisting of α-olefin sulfonates, such as those having C8-30, preferably C10-24, more preferably C12-22 α-olefin groups; linear alkylbenzene sulfonates, such as those having C6-30, preferably C8-24, more preferably C8-22 linear alkyl groups; hydroxypropyl sulfonates; and mixtures thereof.

[0112] Isethionate surfactants include, for example, those with general formula (II):

[0113] [ka] In the formula, R1 may be a saturated or unsaturated linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl chain having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, alternatively 8 to 22 carbon atoms, or alternatively 9 to 18 carbon atoms, and R2 and R3 may each be independently H or (C1-C4) alkyl, and alternatively (C1-C4) alkyl may be methyl, M + These can be alkali metals, or alternatively lithium, sodium, potassium, or M + This is an alkaline earth metal, which can be alternatively magnesium, or M + This may be ammonium or a substituted ammonium cation.

[0114] The isethionate surfactant may be selected from the group consisting of sodium lauroyl isethionate, sodium lauroyl methyl isethionate, sodium oleoyl isethionate, sodium oleoyl methyl isethionate, sodium stearoyl isethionate, sodium stearoyl methyl isethionate, sodium myristoyl isethionate, sodium myristoyl methyl isethionate, sodium palmitoyl isethionate, sodium palmitoyl methyl isethionate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, sodium cocoyl methyl isethionate, a blend of stearic acid and sodium cocoyl isethionate, ammonium cocoyl isethionate, ammonium cocoyl methyl isethionate, and mixtures thereof.

[0115] The isethionate surfactant may be selected from the group consisting of sodium lauroyl isethionate, sodium lauroyl methyl isethionate, sodium oleoyl isethionate, sodium stearoyl isethionate, sodium myristoyl isethionate, sodium palmitoyl isethionate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, ammonium cocoyl isethionate, and mixtures thereof.

[0116] The isethionate surfactant may be selected from the group consisting of sodium lauroyl isethionate, sodium lauroyl methyl isethionate, sodium stearoyl isethionate, sodium myristoyl isethionate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, ammonium cocoyl isethionate, and mixtures thereof.

[0117] The isethionate surfactant may be selected from the group consisting of sodium lauroyl isethionate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, ammonium cocoyl isethionate, and mixtures thereof.

[0118] Corresponding commercial products are available, for example, from Innospec under the trade name "Iselux®", and from Clariant or Uniquema under the trade names "Hostapon®" or "Arlatone®". Other commercially available aliphatic acyl isethionates that may be used include Hostapon® surfactants from Clariant, such as Hostapon® SCI-85C, Hostapon® SCI-78C, for sodium cocoyl isethionate, or Hostapon® SCI-65C for blends of stearic acid and sodium cocoyl isethionate. Other commercially available aliphatic acyl isethionates that may be used include the "Jordapon" surfactants from BASF, such as Jordapon® CI-pril or Jordapon® CI-65, and sodium cocoyl isethionate from Yongan Daily Chemical Co., such as YA-SCI-85 or YA-SCI-65.

[0119] The sulfoacetate surfactant may be selected from the group consisting of sodium lauryl sulfonate, ammonium lauryl sulfonate, and mixtures thereof.

[0120] Glutamate anionic surfactant The article may contain less than 5% by weight, preferably less than 3% by weight, of glutamate anionic surfactants, based on dry fiber elements and / or dry soluble articles. The article may be substantially free of glutamate anionic surfactants.

[0121] As used herein, the term “substantially absent” means that the listed ingredient is present in an amount less than 1%, less than 0.8%, less than 0.5%, less than 0.3%, less than 0.1%, or less than an insignificant amount relative to the total weight of the article.

[0122] As used herein, the term “does not contain” means that the article contains 0% of the listed component relative to the total weight of the article, and therefore does not contain any detectable amount of the listed component.

[0123] Glutamate surfactants according to general formula (I):

[0124] [ka] In the formula, R1 may be a saturated or unsaturated linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl chain having 5 to 20 carbon atoms, alternatively 7 to 17 carbon atoms, or alternatively 9 to 13 carbon atoms, and M may be H, ammonium, triethanolammonium (TEA), sodium or potassium, or mixtures thereof.

[0125] Non-exclusive examples of glutamate surfactants include sodium cocoyl glutamate, disodium cocoyl glutamate, potassium cocoyl glutamate, dipotassium cocoyl glutamate, ammonium cocoyl glutamate, diammonium cocoyl glutamate, sodium lauroyl glutamate, disodium lauroyl glutamate, potassium lauroyl glutamate, dipotassium lauroyl glutamate, sodium capryloyl glutamate, disodium capryloyl glutamate, potassium capryloyl glutamate, dipotassium capryloyl glutamate, sodium undecylenoyl glutamate, disodium undecylenoyl glutamate, potassium undecylenoyl glutamate, dipotassium undecylenoyl glutamate, disodium hydrogenated tallowoyl glutamate, ste Examples include sodium aroyl glutamate, disodium stearoyl glutamate, potassium stearoyl glutamate, dipotassium stearoyl glutamate, sodium myristoyl glutamate, disodium myristoyl glutamate, potassium myristoyl glutamate, dipotassium myristoyl glutamate, sodium cocoyl / hydrogenated tallow oil glutamate, sodium cocoyl / palmoyl / sunfloweroyl glutamate, sodium hydrogenated tallow oil glutamate, sodium olivoyl glutamate, disodium olivoyl glutamate, sodium palmoyl glutamate, disodium palmoyl glutamate, TEA cocoyl glutamate, TEA hydrogenated tallow oil glutamate, TEA lauroyl glutamate, and mixtures thereof.

[0126] Co-surfactants The surfactant system may contain other surfactants other than those listed above. Such other surfactants include, for example, amphoteric surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, and mixtures thereof. Preferably, the co-surfactant is selected from the group consisting of amphoteric surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, and mixtures thereof.

[0127] The total concentration of cosurfactants may be about 0.5% to about 50% by weight, alternatively about 2% to about 30% by weight, alternatively about 5% to about 25% by weight, or alternatively about 7% to about 20% by weight, based on dry fiber elements and / or dry soluble solid articles.

[0128] The total concentration of the amphoteric surfactant may be about 0.5% to about 25% by weight, preferably about 2% to about 20% by weight, based on dry fiber elements and / or dry soluble solid articles.

[0129] The total concentration of the zwitterionic surfactant may be about 0.5% to about 25% by weight, preferably about 2% to about 20% by weight, based on dry fiber elements and / or dry soluble solid articles.

[0130] Suitable amphoteric or bipolar surfactants include those described in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,104,646 and 5,106,609.

[0131] Amphoteric surfactants can be broadly described as derivatives of aliphatic secondary and tertiary amines, wherein the aliphatic radical may be linear or branched, and the aliphatic substituent may contain 8 to 18 carbon atoms such that one carbon atom may contain an anionic water-soluble group, such as a carboxyl, sulfonate, phosphate, or phosphonate. Examples of compounds that fit this definition may include sodium 3-dodecylaminopropionate, sodium 3-dodecylaminopropanesulfonate, N-alkyltaurines such as those prepared by reacting dodecylamine with sodium isethionate according to the teachings of U.S. Patent No. 2,658,072, N-higher alkylaspartates such as those produced according to the teachings of U.S. Patent No. 2,438,091, and products described in U.S. Patent No. 2,528,378.

[0132] The amphoteric surfactants described herein may be selected from the group consisting of sodium lauroamphoacetate, sodium cocoamphoacetate, disodium lauroamphodiacetate, disodium cocodiamphoacetate, and mixtures thereof.

[0133] Suitable zwitter surfactants for use in auxiliary surfactants of one or more surfactants described herein include those broadly described as derivatives of aliphatic quaternary ammonium, phosphonium, and sulfonium compounds, where the aliphatic radical may be linear or branched, one of the aliphatic substituents may contain 8 to 18 carbon atoms, and one carbon atom may contain an anionic group, such as a carboxyl, sulfonate, phosphate, or phosphonate.

[0134] Therefore, one or more surfactants of one or more activators may include at least one amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of cocoamidopropyl betaine, lauroamidopropyl betaine, cocobetaine, lauryl betaine, lauryl hydroxysultaine, cocoamidopropyl hydroxysultaine, coco-hydroxysultaine, coco-sultaine, lauryl sultaine, sodium cocoamphoacetate, disodium cocoamphodiacetate, sodium lauroamphoacetate, disodium lauroamphodiacetate, lauramine oxide, lauryl hydroxysultaine, and mixtures thereof.

[0135] Examples of betaine zwitterionic surfactants include cocodimethylcarboxymethyl betaine, cocoamidopropyl betaine (CAPB), coco-betaine, lauryl amidopropyl betaine (LAPB), oleyl betaine, lauryldimethylcarboxymethyl betaine, lauryldimethylalpha-carboxyethyl betaine, cetyldimethylcarboxymethyl betaine, laurylbis-(2-hydroxyethyl)carboxymethyl betaine, stearylbis-(2-hydroxypropyl)carboxymethyl betaine, oleyldimethylgamma-carboxypropyl betaine, laurylbis-(2-hydroxypropyl)alpha-carboxyethyl betaine, and mixtures thereof. Examples of sulfobetaines include cocodimethylsulfopropyl betaine, stearyldimethylsulfopropyl betaine, lauryldimethylsulfoethyl betaine, laurylbis-(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfopropyl betaine, and mixtures thereof.

[0136] Additional anionic surfactants may be selected from the group consisting of sarcosinate surfactants, glycinate surfactants, alanine surfactants, glucose carboxylate surfactants, alkyl ether carboxylate surfactants, and mixtures thereof. Each of the anionic surfactants listed above will be described in more detail below.

[0137] Sarcosinate surfactants have the general formula (III):

[0138] [ka] In the formula, R may be a saturated or unsaturated linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl, alternatively an alkyl chain having 7 to 17 carbon atoms, or alternatively an alkyl chain having 9 to 13 carbon atoms, and M + [It may contain H, sodium, potassium, ammonium, or triethanolammonium cations.]

[0139] The sarcosinate surfactant may be selected from the group consisting of sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium cocoyl sarcosinate, sodium myristoyl sarcosinate, TEA cocoyl sarcosinate, ammonium cocoyl sarcosinate, ammonium lauroyl sarcosinate, dilinoleyl bis-lauroyl glutamate / lauroyl sarcosinate dimer, disodium lauroamphodiacetate, lauroyl sarcosinate, isopropyl lauroyl sarcosinate, potassium cocoyl sarcosinate, potassium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium cocoyl sarcosinate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium myristoyl sarcosinate, sodium oleoyl sarcosinate, sodium palmitoyl sarcosinate, TEA cocoyl sarcosinate, TEA lauroyl sarcosinate, TEA oleoyl sarcosinate, TEA palm kernel sarcosinate, and mixtures thereof.

[0140] Alternatively, the sarcosinate surfactant may be selected from the group consisting of sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium myristoyl sarcosinate, sodium cocoyl sarcosinate, and mixtures thereof.

[0141] The glycinate surfactant may be selected from the group consisting of sodium cocoyl glycinate, sodium lauroyl glycinate, and mixtures thereof.

[0142] The alaninate surfactant may be selected from the group consisting of sodium cocoyl alaninate, sodium lauroyl alaninate, sodium N-dodecanenoyl-1-alaninate, and mixtures thereof.

[0143] The sulfosuccinate surfactant may be selected from the group consisting of disodium N-octadecyl sulfosuccinate, disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate, diammonium lauryl sulfosuccinate, sodium lauryl sulfosuccinate, disodium laureth sulfosuccinate, tetrasodium N-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)-N-octadecyl sulfosuccinate, diamyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate, dihexyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate, dioctyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate, and mixtures thereof.

[0144] The glucose carboxylate surfactant may be selected from the group consisting of sodium lauryl glucoside carboxylate, sodium cocoyl glucoside carboxylate, and mixtures thereof.

[0145] The alkyl ether carboxylate surfactant may be selected from the group consisting of sodium laureth-4 carboxylate, laureth-5 carboxylate, laureth-13 carboxylate, sodium C12-13 pareth-8 carboxylate, sodium C12-15 pareth-8 carboxylate, and mixtures thereof.

[0146] Anionic surfactants that are not glutamate surfactants may include lactates or lactylates. A non-limiting example of a lactate is sodium lactate. A non-limiting example of a lactylate may be sodium lauroyl lactate, sodium cocoyl lactate, and mixtures thereof.

[0147] In that case, alkyl can be defined as a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched alkyl chain having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, alternatively 8 to 22 carbon atoms, or alternatively 9 to 18 carbon atoms. In that case, acyl can be defined as formula RC(O)- (wherein R is a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl, or an alkyl chain having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, alternatively 8 to 22 carbon atoms, or alternatively 9 to 18 carbon atoms).

[0148] The alkyl glucoside may be selected from the group consisting of decyl glucoside, cocoyl glucoside, lauroyl glucoside, and mixtures thereof.

[0149] The acylglucamide may be selected from the group consisting of lauroyl / myristoyl methylglucamide, capryloyl / capryloyl methylglucamide, cocoyl methylglucamide, and mixtures thereof.

[0150] Alternatively, the nonionic surfactant may be selected from the group consisting of cocoamide monoethanolamine, lauroamide monoethanolamine, cocoyl glucoside, lauroyl glucoside, decyl glucoside, and mixtures thereof.

[0151] Cationic polymers The soluble solid article may contain, on a basis of dry fiber elements and / or dry soluble solid article, about 0.05% to about 5% by weight of cationic polymer, about 0.1% to about 2% by weight of cationic polymer, about 0.2% to about 1.5% by weight of cationic polymer, about 0.3% to about 1.0% by weight of cationic polymer, and about 0.4% to about 0.75% by weight of cationic polymer.

[0152] Cationic polymers, when measured by gel permeation chromatography, may have weight-average molecular weights of approximately 500,000 g / mol to approximately 2,500,000 g / mol, alternatively approximately 500,000 g / mol to approximately 2,000,000 g / mol, alternatively approximately 500,000 g / mol to approximately 1,500,000, and alternatively approximately 500,000 g / mol to approximately 1,000,000. Cationic polymers, when measured by gel permeation chromatography, may have weight-average molecular weights greater than 500,000 g / mol, and alternatively greater than 1,000,000 g / mol.

[0153] Cationic polymers may have a weight-average charge density greater than 0.2 meq / g, alternatively greater than 0.4 meq / g, alternatively greater than 0.6 meg / g, alternatively 0.8 meg / g, alternatively 1 meq / g, alternatively 1.2 meq / g, alternatively 1.5 meg / g, alternatively 2 meg / g, alternatively greater than 3 meg / g, and alternatively greater than 5 meg / g. When measured according to the charge density test method, cationic polymers may have a weight-average charge density of about 0.4 meg / g to about 5 meg / g, alternatively about 1 meg / g to about 3 meg / g, and alternatively about 1 meg / g to about 2.5 meg / g.

[0154] Cationic guar polymer Cationic polymers may also be cationic guar polymers. Cationic guar polymers are cationically substituted galactomannan (guar) gum derivatives. The guar gum used in the preparation of these guar gum derivatives is typically obtained as a naturally occurring material from the seeds of the guar plant. The guar molecule itself is a linear mannan with alternating single-member galactose units on mannose units, branched at regular intervals. The mannose units are linked to each other by □(1-4) glycosidic bonds. Galactose branching occurs by □(1-6) bonds. Cationic derivatives of guar gum are obtained by the reaction between the hydroxyl group of polygalactomannan and a reactive quaternary ammonium compound. The degree of substitution of cationic groups on the guar structure must be sufficient to provide the required cationic charge density described above.

[0155] Cationic guar polymers may have a weight-average molecular weight of less than 2,200,000 g / mol, or about 150,000 to about 2,000,000 g / mol, or about 200,000 to about 1,900,000 g / mol, or about 300,000 to about 1,800,000 g / mol, or about 400,000 to about 1,700,000 g / mol, or about 500,000 to about 1,600,000 g / mol. Cationic guar polymers may have a weight-average molecular weight of more than about 150,000 g / mol, alternatively more than about 1,000,000 g / mol, alternatively more than about 1,500,000 g / mol, alternatively more than about 2,000,000 g / mol, and alternatively more than about 2,500,000 g / mol.

[0156] Cationic guar polymers may have a weight-average charge density of approximately 0.2 meq / g to approximately 2.2 meg / g, or approximately 0.3 meq / g to approximately 2.0 meg / g, or approximately 0.4 meq / g to approximately 1.9 meg / g, or approximately 0.5 meq / g to approximately 1.8 meg / g, or approximately 0.6 meq / g to approximately 1.7 meg / g, or approximately 0.6 meq / g to approximately 1.5 meq / g, or approximately 0.6 meq / g to approximately 1.3 meg / g, and / or approximately 0.7 meq / g to approximately 1.0 meg / g.

[0157] Cationic guar polymers may be formed from quaternary ammonium compounds. Quaternary ammonium compounds for forming cationic guar polymers can conform to the following general formula 1:

[0158] [ka] In the formula, R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 R is a methyl or ethyl group, 6 is an epoxy alkyl group of general formula 2,

[0159] [ka] Or, R 6 This is a halohydrin group of general formula 3,

[0160] [ka] In the formula, R 7 is a C1-C3 alkylene, X is chlorine or bromine, and Z is an anion such as Cl-, Br-, I-, or HSO4-.

[0161] Cationic guar polymers can conform to the following general formula 4,

[0162] [ka] In the formula, R 8 It is guar gum, and R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , and R 7 As defined above, Z is a halogen. Cationic guar polymers can conform to the following formula 5.

[0163] [ka]

[0164] Suitable cationic guar polymers include cationic guar gum derivatives such as guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride. The cationic guar polymer is guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride. Specific examples of guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride include the Jaguar® series, commercially available from Rhone-Poulenc Incorporated, such as Jaguar® C-500, commercially available from Rhodia. Jaguar® C-500 has a charge density of 0.8 meq / g and a weight-average molecular weight of 500,000 g / mol. Another guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride with a charge density of approximately 1.1 meq / g and a weight-average molecular weight of approximately 500,000 g / mol is available from Ashland. Further guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chlorides with a charge density of approximately 1.5 meq / g and a weight-average molecular weight of approximately 500,000 g / mole are available from Ashland.

[0165] Other suitable guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chlorides include Hi-Care 1000, available from Rhodia, with a charge density of approximately 0.7 meq / g and a weight-average molecular weight of approximately 600,000 g / mol; N-Hance 3269 and N-Hance 3270, available from Ashland, with a charge density of approximately 0.7 meq / g and a weight-average molecular weight of approximately 425,000 g / mol; and N-Hance, available from Ashland, with a charge density of approximately 0.7 meq / g and a weight-average molecular weight of approximately 500,000 g / mol. 3271; BF-13, a borate-free guar with a charge density of approximately 1.1 meq / g and a weight-average molecular weight of approximately 800,000; and BF-17, a borate-free guar with a charge density of approximately 1.7 meq / g and a weight-average molecular weight of approximately 800,000 (both available from Ashland); N-Hance CG17, available from Ashland, with a charge density of approximately 1.0 meq / g and a weight-average molecular weight of approximately 1,600,000 g / mol; and N-Hance 3196, available from Ashland, with a charge density of approximately 0.7 meq / g and a weight-average molecular weight of approximately 1,700,000 g / mol.

[0166] Cationic polyglucans can also be preferably used in the present invention.

[0167] Cationic synthetic polymers Cationic polymers can be (b) cationic synthetic polymers having a weight-average molecular weight of approximately 1,000 g / mol to approximately 2,000,000 g / mol, and cationic guar polymers can have a charge density of approximately 2 meq / g to approximately 10 meq / g.

[0168] Cationic synthetic polymers are i) One or more cationic monomer units, and optionally, ii) One or more monomer units having a negative charge, and / or iii) It may be a synthetic polymer formed from nonionic monomers. Here, the subsequent charge of the copolymer is positive. The ratio of these three types of monomers is represented by "m", "p", and "q", where "m" is the number of cationic monomers, "p" is the number of negatively charged monomers, and "q" is the number of nonionic monomers.

[0169] Cationic polymers may be water-soluble or dispersible, non-crosslinked cationic synthetic polymers having the following structure:

[0170] [ka] In the formula, A may be one or more of the following cationic moieties:

[0171] [ka] In the formula, @ is an amide, alkylamide, ester, ether, alkyl, or alkylaryl. In the formula, Y is a C1-C22 alkyl, alkoxy, alkylidene, alkyl, or aryloxy. In the formula, □ represents a C1-C22 alkyl, alkyloxy, alkylaryl, or alkylaryloxy. In the formula, Z is a C1-C22 alkyl, alkyloxy, aryl, or aryloxy. In the formula, R1 is H, a linear or branched alkyl group of C1-C4, In the formula, s is 0 or 1, and n is 0 or □1. In the formula, T and R7 are C1-C22 alkyl groups. In the formula, X- is a halogen, a hydroxide, an alkoxide, a sulfate, or an alkyl sulfate.

[0172] In the above structure, a negatively charged monomer is defined by R2' being a linear or branched alkyl group of H, C1-C4, and R3 being as follows:

[0173] [ka] In the formula, D is O, N, or S. In the formula, Q is either NH2 or O. In the formula, u is 1 to 6. In the formula, t is between 0 and 1. In the formula, J is an oxygenated functional group containing the following elements P, S, and C.

[0174] In the above structure, a nonionic monomer is defined by R2'' being H, C1-C4 linear or branched alkyl, and R6 being a linear or branched alkyl, alkylaryl, aryloxy, alkyloxy, or alkylaryloxy, and □ is defined as follows:

[0175] [ka] and In the formula, G' and G'' are independently O, S, or NH, and L is either 0 or 1.

[0176] Examples of cationic monomers include aminoalkyl (meth)acrylates, (meth)aminoalkyl (meth)acrylamides; monomers containing at least one secondary, tertiary, or quaternary amine functional group, or a heterocyclic group containing a nitrogen atom, vinylamine, or ethyleneimine; diallyldialkylammonium salts; mixtures thereof, salts thereof, and macromonomers derived therefrom.

[0177] Further examples of cationic monomers include dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylate, ditertio-butylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, dimethylaminomethyl (meth)acrylamide, dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylamide, ethyleneimine, vinylamine, 2-vinylpyridine, 4-vinylpyridine, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate chloride, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate methyl sulfate, dimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate benzyl chloride, 4-benzoylbenzyldimethylammonium ethyl acrylate chloride, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylamide chloride, trimethylammonium propyl (meth)acrylamide chloride, vinylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride, and diallyldimethylammonium chloride.

[0178] Suitable cationic monomers include those of formula -NR3 + Examples include quaternary ammonium groups containing anions (counterions), where R is the same or different and represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a benzyl group, optionally having a hydroxyl group. Examples of anions include halides such as chlorides and bromides, sulfates, hydrosulfates, alkyl sulfates (e.g., containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms), phosphates, citrates, formates, and acetates.

[0179] Suitable cationic monomers include trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate chloride, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate methyl sulfate, dimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate benzyl chloride, 4-benzoylbenzyldimethylammonium ethyl acrylate chloride, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylamide chloride, trimethylammonium propyl (meth)acrylamide chloride, and vinylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride.

[0180] Further preferred cationic monomers include trimethylammonium propyl (meth)acrylamide chloride.

[0181] Examples of negatively charged monomers include α-ethylenically unsaturated monomers containing a phosphate or phosphonate group, α-ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acids, monoalkyl esters of α-ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, monoalkylamides of α-ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, α-ethylenically unsaturated compounds containing a sulfonic acid group, and salts of α-ethylenically unsaturated compounds containing a sulfonic acid group.

[0182] Suitable monomers having a negative charge include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, vinyl sulfonic acid, salts of vinyl sulfonic acid, vinylbenzenesulfonic acid, salts of vinylbenzenesulfonic acid, α-acrylamidomethylpropanesulfonic acid, salts of α-acrylamidomethylpropanesulfonic acid, 2-sulfoethyl methacrylate, salts of 2-sulfoethyl methacrylate, acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS), salts of acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, and styrenesulfonate (SS).

[0183] Examples of nonionic monomers include vinyl acetate, amides of α-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, esters of α-ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acids with hydrogenated or fluorinated alcohols, polyethylene oxide (meth)acrylate (i.e., polyethoxylated (meth)acrylic acid), monoalkyl esters of α-ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, monoalkylamides of α-ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, vinyl nitriles, vinylamine amides, vinyl alcohols, vinylpyrrolidone, and vinyl aromatic compounds.

[0184] Suitable nonionic monomers include styrene, acrylamide, methacrylamide, acrylonitrile, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-propyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, n-propyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, 2-ethyl-hexyl acrylate, 2-ethyl-hexyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate.

[0185] As long as the polymer maintains its solubility or dispersibility in water, the hair care composition, or the coacervate phase of the hair care composition, and as long as the counterion is physically and chemically compatible with the essential components of the hair care composition, or otherwise does not excessively impair the performance, stability, or aesthetics of the product, the anionic counterion (X-) associated with the cationic synthetic polymer may be any known counterion. Non-limiting examples of such counterions include halides (e.g., chlorine, fluorine, bromine, iodine), sulfates, and methyl sulfates.

[0186] Cationic synthetic polymers are available in concentrations of approximately 1,500 g / mol to approximately 1,800,000 g / mol, or approximately 2,000 g / mol to approximately 1,700,000 g / mol, or approximately 3,000 g / mol to approximately 1,600,000 g / mol, or approximately 4,000 g / mol to approximately 1,500,000 g / mol, or approximately 5,000 g / mol to approximately 1,600,000 g / mol, or approximately 6,000 g / mol to approximately 1,500,000 g / mol, or approximately 7,000 g / mol to approximately 1,400,000 g / mol, or approximately 8,000 g / mol to approximately 1, It may have a weight-average molecular weight of 400,000 g / mol, or approximately 9,000 g / mol to approximately 1,300,000 g / mol, or approximately 10,000 g / mol to approximately 1,200,000 g / mol, or approximately 11,000 g / mol to approximately 1,100,000 g / mol, or approximately 25,000 g / mol to approximately 750,000 g / mol, or approximately 50,000 g / mol to approximately 500,000 g / mol, or approximately 75,000 g / mol to approximately 300,000 g / mol, and / or approximately 100,000 g / mol to approximately 200,000 g / mol.

[0187] Cationic synthetic polymers may have a weight-average charge density of about 2.2 meq / g to about 9.5 meg / g, or about 2.5 meq / g to about 8 meg / g, or about 3 meq / g to about 8 meg / g, or about 3.5 meq / g to about 7.5 meg / g, and / or about 4 meq / g to about 7 meg / g.

[0188] Cationic synthetic polymers may include polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (polyDADMAC). PolyDADMAC is also known as polyquaternium-6. Specific examples of polyDADMAC include the Mirapol® 100 series from Solvay, the Merquat® 100 series from Lubrizol, and Salcare® SC 30 from BASF. For example, Mirapol® 100s has a charge density of 6.2 meq / g and a weight-average molecular weight of 150,000 g / mol and is available from Solvay.

[0189] The hair care composition may further include (c) a cationic non-guar galactomannan polymer, (d) a cationic starch polymer, (e) a cationic copolymer of an acrylamide monomer and a cationic monomer, (f) a cationic cellulose polymer, or (g) a mixture of such polymers.

[0190] Cationic non-guargalactomannan polymer Cationic polymers may be galactomannan polymer derivatives having a monomer-to-mannose mannose-to-galactose ratio of 5:1 to 1:1, and galactomannan polymer derivatives are selected from the group consisting of cationic galactomannan polymer derivatives and amphoteric galactomannan polymer derivatives having a net positive charge. As used herein, the term "cationic galactomannan" refers to a galactomannan polymer to which cationic groups have been added. The term "amphoteric galactomannan" refers to a galactomannan polymer to which cationic and anionic groups have been added such that the polymer has a net positive charge.

[0191] Galactomannan polymers are found in the endosperm of leguminous plant seeds. Galactomannan polymers are composed of a combination of mannose monomers and galactose monomers. A galactomannan molecule is a linear mannan in which individual galactose units branch at regular intervals on a specific mannose unit. The mannose units are linked to each other by β(1-4) glycosidic bonds. Galactose branching occurs via α(1-6) bonds. The mannose monomer to galactose monomer ratio varies depending on the plant species and is also influenced by climate. Non-guar galactomannan polymer derivatives may have a mannose to galactose ratio greater than 2:1 on a monomer-to-monomer basis. A preferred mannose to galactose ratio may be greater than about 3:1, and a mannose to galactose ratio may be greater than about 4:1. Analysis of the mannose to galactose ratio is well-known in the art and is typically based on the measurement of galactose content.

[0192] The gums used in the preparation of non-guar-galactomannan polymer derivatives are typically obtained from naturally occurring materials such as plant seeds or beans. Examples of various non-guar-galactomannan polymers include, but are not limited to, tara gum (3 parts mannose / 1 part galactose), locust bean or carob (4 parts mannose / 1 part galactose), and cassia gum (5 parts mannose / 1 part galactose).

[0193] Galactomannan polymer derivatives may also be cationic derivatives of non-guar galactomannan polymers, which are obtained by the reaction of a hydroxyl group of a polygalactomannan polymer with a reactive quaternary ammonium compound. Suitable quaternary ammonium compounds for use in forming cationic galactomannan polymer derivatives include those conforming to the general formulas 1 to 5 defined above.

[0194] The cationic non-guargalactomannan polymer derivative formed from the above reagents is given by general formula 6:

[0195] [ka] It is represented by [wherein R is gum]. The cationic galactomannan derivative can be gum hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, which can be represented more specifically by the following general formula 7.

[0196] [ka]

[0197] Galactomannan polymer derivatives can be amphoteric galactomannan polymer derivatives having a net positive charge, which can be obtained when a cationic galactomannan polymer derivative further contains anionic groups.

[0198] Cationic non-guargalactomannans may have a mannose-to-galactose ratio greater than approximately 4:1.

[0199] (d) Cationic starch polymer Cationic polymers may be water-soluble cation-modified starch polymers. As used herein, the term “cation-modified starch” refers to starch to which cationic groups have been added before it is broken down to a relatively small weight-average molecular weight, or to starch to which cationic groups have been added after it has been modified to reach a desired weight-average molecular weight. The definition of “cation-modified starch” also includes amphoteric modified starch. The term “amphoteric modified starch” refers to starch hydrolysates to which cationic and anionic groups have been added.

[0200] Starch polymers can be starch polymers chemically modified by adding amino and / or ammonium groups to starch molecules. Non-limiting examples of these ammonium groups include substituents such as hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, trimethylhydroxypropylammonium chloride, dimethylstearylhydroxypropylammonium chloride, and dimethyldodecylhydroxypropylammonium chloride. See Solarek, DB, Cationic Starches in Modified Starches: Properties and Uses, Wurzburg, OB, Ed., CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, Fla. 1986, pp. 113-125. The cationic group may be added to the starch before it is broken down to a relatively small weight-average molecular weight, or it may be added after such modification.

[0201] Cationic starch polymers generally have a degree of substitution of cationic groups of about 0.1 to about 7. As used herein, the “degree of substitution” of a cationic starch polymer is an average measure of the number of hydroxyl groups on each glucose anhydride unit that is derivatized by substituents. Since each glucose anhydride unit has three possible hydroxyl groups available for substitution, the maximum possible degree of substitution is 3. The degree of substitution is expressed on a molar basis as the number of moles of substituents per mole of glucose anhydride units. The degree of substitution can be determined using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ("sup.1H NMR"), a method well known in the art. Suitable sup.1H NMR methods include those described in "Observation on NMR Spectra of Starches in Dimethyl Sulfoxide, Iodine-Complexing, and Solvating in Water-Dimethyl Sulfoxide," Qin-Ji Peng and Arthur S. Perlin, Carbohydrate Research, 160 (1987), 57-72, and "An Approach to the Structural Analysis of Oligosaccharides by NMR Spectroscopy," J. Howard Bradbury and J. Grant Collins, Carbohydrate Research, 71 (1979), 15-25.

[0202] The starch source before chemical modification can be selected from a variety of sources, including tubers, legumes, cereals, and grains. Non-limiting examples of starches from these sources include corn starch, wheat starch, rice starch, glutinous corn starch, oat starch, cassava starch, glutinous barley, waxy rice starch, glutenous rice starch, sweet rice starch, amioca, potato starch, tapioca starch, oat starch, sago starch, sweet rice, or mixtures thereof.

[0203] Cationically modified starch polymers can be selected from decomposed cationic corn starch, cationic tapioca, cationic potato starch, and mixtures thereof.

[0204] Starch may undergo one or more additional modifications before or after being broken down into relatively small weight-average molecular weights. Examples of these modifications include crosslinking, stabilization reactions, phosphorylation, and hydrolysis. Examples of stabilization reactions include alkylation and esterification.

[0205] Cationically modified starch polymers may be incorporated into compositions in the form of hydrolyzed starch (e.g., acid, enzyme, or alkaline decomposition), oxidized starch (e.g., peroxide, peracid, hypochlorite, alkali, or any other oxidizing agent), physically / mechanically decomposed starch (e.g., by inputting thermomechanical energy into a processing apparatus), or a combination thereof.

[0206] The optimal form of starch is one that readily dissolves in water, forming a substantially clear aqueous solution (with a transmittance of 80% or more at 600 nm). The transmittance of the composition is measured by ultraviolet / visible (UV / VIS) absorbance spectroscopy, which involves measuring the absorption or transmittance of the sample to UV / VIS light using a Gretag Macbeth Colorimeter Color i 5, according to the relevant instructions. A light wavelength of 600 nm has been shown to be suitable for characterizing the transparency of cosmetic compositions.

[0207] Cationic modified starches suitable for use in the composition are available from known starch suppliers. Nonionic modified starches, which can be further derivatized to cationically modified starches known in the art, may be preferred. Other suitable modified starch starting materials may be quaternized, as known in the art, to produce cationically modified starch polymers suitable for use in the present invention.

[0208] Starch decomposition procedure: Prepare a starch slurry by mixing granular starch in water. Raise the temperature to approximately 35°C. Next, add an aqueous potassium permanganate solution to a concentration of approximately 50 ppm based on the starch. Raise the pH to approximately 11.5 with sodium hydroxide, stirring the slurry thoroughly to prevent the starch from settling. Next, add a 30% solution of hydrogen peroxide diluted with water until the peroxide concentration based on the starch is approximately 1%. Subsequently, return the pH to approximately 11.5 by adding additional sodium hydroxide. This reaction takes approximately 1 to 20 hours to complete. Next, neutralize the mixture with dilute hydrochloric acid. The decomposed starch is recovered by filtration, then washed and dried.

[0209] Cationic copolymer of acrylamide monomer and cationic monomer A cationic polymer can be a cationic copolymer of an acrylamide monomer and a cationic monomer. A cationic copolymer can also be a synthetic cationic copolymer of an acrylamide monomer and a cationic monomer.

[0210] Cationic copolymers may include the following: (i) The acrylamide monomer of formula AM:

[0211] [ka] formula AM In the formula, R 9 is H or C 1~4 It is alkyl, R 10 and R 11 H and C are independent of each other. 1~4 Selected from the group consisting of alkyl, CH2OCH3, CH2OCH2CH(CH3)2, and phenyl, or together C 3~6 It is a cycloalkyl group. (ii) Cationic monomers conforming to the following formula CM:

[0212] [ka] Formula CM where k = 1, each of v, v', and v'' is independently an integer from 1 to 6, w is zero, or an integer from 1 to 10, and X - is an anion.

[0213] The cationic monomer conforms to Formula CM, where k = 1, v = 3, w = 0, z = 1, and X - is Cl - and can form the following structure.

[0214]

Chemical Structure

[0215] The above structure may be referred to as diquat. The cationic monomer can conform to Formula CM, where v and v'' are each 3, v' = 1, w = 1, y = 1, and X - is Cl - and is as follows.

[0216]

Chemical Structure

[0217] The above structure may be referred to as triquat.

[0218] The acrylamide monomer can be either acrylamide or methacrylamide.

[0219] The cationic copolymer (b) is acrylamide and 1,3-propanediaminium, N-[2-[[[dimethyl][3-[(2-methyl-1-oxo-2- AM:TRIQUAT may be propenyl)amino]propyl]ammonio]acetyl]amino]ethyl]2-hydroxy-N,N,N',N',N'-pentamethyl-,trichloride. AM:TRIQUAT is also known as polyquaternium 76 (PQ76). AM:TRIQUAT may have a charge density of 1.6 meq / g and a molecular weight of 1,100,000 g / mol.

[0220] The cationic copolymer may be an acrylamide monomer and a cationic monomer, and the cationic monomer is selected from the group consisting of dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylate, ditertio-butylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, dimethylaminomethyl (meth)acrylamide, dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylamide; ethyleneimine, vinylamine, 2-vinylpyridine, 4-vinylpyridine; trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate chloride, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate methyl sulfate, dimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate benzyl chloride, 4-benzoylbenzyldimethylammonium ethyl acrylate chloride, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylamide chloride, trimethylammonium propyl (meth)acrylamide chloride, vinylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride, diallyldimethylammonium chloride, and mixtures thereof.

[0221] The cationic copolymer comprises a cationic monomer selected from the group consisting of cationic monomers including trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate chloride, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate methyl sulfate, dimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate benzyl chloride, 4-benzoylbenzyldimethylammonium ethyl acrylate chloride, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylamide chloride, trimethylammonium propyl (meth)acrylamide chloride, vinylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride, and mixtures thereof.

[0222] Cationic copolymers may be water-soluble. Cationic copolymers can be formed from (1) a copolymer of (meth)acrylamide and a cationic monomer mainly composed of (meth)acrylamide, and / or a cationic monomer that is stable against hydrolysis, and (2) a terpolymer of (meth)acrylamide, a monomer mainly composed of a cationic (meth)acrylic acid ester, and a monomer mainly composed of (meth)acrylamide, and / or a cationic monomer that is stable against hydrolysis. The monomer mainly composed of a cationic (meth)acrylic acid ester may be a cationic ester of (meth)acrylic acid containing a quaternized nitrogen atom. The cationic ester of (meth)acrylic acid containing a quaternized nitrogen atom may be a dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylate quaternized at C1-C3 in the alkyl and alkylene groups. Cationic esters of (meth)acrylic acid containing a quaternary nitrogen atom are selected from the group consisting of ammonium salts of dimethylaminomethyl (meth)acrylate, dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylate, diethylaminomethyl (meth)acrylate, diethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, and diethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylate, all of which are quaternized with methyl chloride. Cationic esters of (meth)acrylic acid containing a quaternary nitrogen atom may be dimethylaminoethyl acrylate (ADAME-Quat), which can be quaternized with alkyl halides, or with methyl chloride, benzyl chloride, or dimethyl sulfate. When (meth)acrylamide is the main component, the cationic monomer may be dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylamide quaternized at C1-C3 within the alkyl and alkylene groups, or dimethylaminopropylacrylamide quaternized with alkyl halides, methyl chloride, benzyl chloride, or dimethyl sulfate.

[0223] Cationic monomers mainly composed of (meth)acrylamide are dialkylaminoalkyl(meth)acrylamides that have been quaternized at the C1-C3 group within the alkyl and alkylene groups. Cationic monomers mainly composed of (meth)acrylamide are dimethylaminopropylacrylamides that have been quaternized with alkyl halides, particularly methyl chloride, benzyl chloride, or dimethyl sulfate.

[0224] Cationic monomers are cationic monomers that are stable against hydrolysis. Besides dialkylaminoalkyl(meth)acrylamide, cationic monomers that are stable against hydrolysis can be any monomer that can be considered stable against the OECD hydrolysis test. Cationic monomers are stable against hydrolysis, and such hydrolysis-stable cationic monomers are selected from the group consisting of diallyldimethylammonium chloride and water-soluble cationic styrene derivatives.

[0225] The cationic copolymer is a terpolymer of acrylamide, 2-dimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate (ADAME-Q) quaternized with methyl chloride, and 3-dimethylammonium propyl (meth)acrylamide (DIMAPA-Q) quaternized with methyl chloride. The cationic copolymer is formed from acrylamide and acrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride, which has a charge density of approximately 1.0 meq / g to approximately 3.0 meq / g.

[0226] The cationic copolymer is trimethylammoniopropyl methacrylamide chloride-N-acrylamide copolymer, also known as AM:MAPTAC. AM:MAPTAC may have a charge density of approximately 1.3 meq / g and a molecular weight of approximately 1,100,000 g / mol. The cationic copolymer is AM:ATPAC. AM:ATPAC may have a charge density of approximately 1.8 meq / g and a molecular weight of approximately 1,100,000 g / mol.

[0227] Cationic cellulose polymer A preferred cationic cellulose polymer is a salt of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with a trimethylammonium substituted epoxide, which is referred to in the CTFA as Polyquaternium 10 and is available from Dow / Amerchol Corp. (Edison, NJ, USA) in the Polymer LR, JR, and KG series polymers. Another preferred type of cationic cellulose is a polymeric quaternary ammonium salt of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with a lauryldimethylammonium substituted epoxide, referred to in the CTFA as Polyquaternium 24. These materials are available from Dow / Amerchol Corp. under the trade name Polymer LM-200. Another preferred type of cationic cellulose is a polymeric quaternary ammonium salt of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with lauryldimethylammonium substituted epoxides and trimethylammonium substituted epoxides, referred to in the CTFA as Polyquaternium 67. These materials are available from Dow / Amerchol Corp. under the trade names SoftCAT Polymer SL-5, SoftCAT Polymer SL-30, Polymer SL-60, Polymer SL-100, Polymer SK-L, Polymer SK-M, Polymer SK-MH, and Polymer SK-H.

[0228] Growth aid The fiber elements may contain stretching aids. Non-limiting examples of stretching aids include polymers, other stretching aids, and combinations thereof.

[0229] In one embodiment, the extension aid has a weight-average molecular weight of at least about 500,000 Da. The weight-average molecular weights of the extension aids are approximately 500,000 Da to about 25,000,000 Da, alternatively about 800,000 Da to about 22,000,000 Da, alternatively about 1,000,000 Da to about 20,000,000 Da, and alternatively about 2,000,000 Da to about 15,000,000 Da. Extension aids with relatively high weight-average molecular weights may be preferred in some embodiments of the present invention due to their ability to increase extensional melt viscosity and reduce melt fracture.

[0230] When used in a melt-blown process, the extension aid can be added to the composition of the Disclosure in an amount effective in significantly reducing melt-fracture and capillary fracture of fibers during the spinning process, enabling melt-spinning of substantially continuous fibers having a relatively consistent diameter. Regardless of the process used for the production of fiber elements and / or particles, when used, the extension aid may be present in one embodiment at about 0.001% to about 10% by weight on a basis of dry fiber elements and / or dry fibrous articles, in another embodiment at about 0.005% to about 5% by weight on a basis of dry fiber elements and / or dry fibrous articles, in yet another embodiment at about 0.01% to about 1% by weight on a basis of dry fiber elements and / or dry fibrous articles, and in yet another embodiment at about 0.05% to about 0.5% by weight on a basis of dry fiber elements and / or dry fibrous articles.

[0231] Non-limiting examples of polymers that can be used as extension aids include alginates, carrageenan, pectin, chitin, guar gum, xanthan gum, agar, gum arabic, karaya gum, tragacanth gum, locust bean gum, alkylcellulose, hydroxyalkylcellulose, carboxyalkylcellulose, and mixtures thereof.

[0232] Other non-limiting examples of extension aids include modified and unmodified polyacrylamides, polyacrylic acids, polymethacrylic acids, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinyl acetates, polyvinylpyrrolidones, polyethylene vinyl acetates, polyethyleneimines, polyamides, polyalkylene oxides (including polyethylene oxides, polypropylene oxides, and polyethylene propylene oxides), and mixtures thereof.

[0233] Optional components The article may optionally contain about 1% to about 25% by weight of a plasticizer, in one embodiment about 3% to about 20% by weight of a plasticizer, and in one embodiment about 5% to about 15% by weight of a plasticizer.

[0234] When present in an article, non-limiting examples of suitable plasticizers include polyols, copolyols, polycarboxylic acids, polyesters, and dimethicone copolyols.

[0235] Examples of useful polyols include sugar alcohols such as glycerin, diglycerin, propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, butylene glycol, pentylene glycol, cyclohexanedimethanol, hexanediol, polyethylene glycol (200-600), sorbitol, mannitol, lactitol, isosorbide, glucamine, and N-methylglucamine, as well as other monovalent and polyvalent alcohols with relatively low weight-average molecular weight (e.g., C2-C8 alcohols); fructose, glucose, sucrose, maltose, lactose, and high-fructose corn syrup solids, as well as monosaccharides, disaccharides, and oligosaccharides such as ascorbic acid.

[0236] Examples of polycarboxylic acids include, but are not limited to, citric acid, maleic acid, succinic acid, polyacrylic acid, and polymaleic acid.

[0237] Examples of suitable polyesters include, but are not limited to, glycerol triacetate, acetylated monoglyceride, diethyl phthalate, triethyl citrate, tributyl citrate, acetyltriethyl citrate, and acetyltributyl citrate.

[0238] Examples of suitable dimethicone copolyols include, but are not limited to, PEG-12 dimethicone, PEG / PPG-18 / 18 dimethicone, and PPG-12 dimethicone.

[0239] Other suitable plasticizers include alkyl and allyl phthalates, naphthalates, lactates (e.g., sodium, ammonium, and potassium salts), Solbès-30, urea, lactic acid, sodium pyrrolidone carboxylate (pyrrolidone carboxylic acid, PCA), sodium hyaluronate or hyaluronic acid, soluble collagen, denatured protein, monosodium L-glutamate, glycolic acid, lactic acid, citric acid, maleic acid, and salicylic acid, α and β hydroxyl acids, polymer plasticizers such as glyceryl polymethacrylate and polyquaternium, proteins, and amino acids such as glutamic acid, aspartic acid, and lysine, hydrogenated starch hydrolysates, other relatively low weight average molecular weight esters (e.g., C2~C 10 esters of alcohol and acid), and any other water-soluble plasticizers known to those skilled in the food and plastics industries, and mixtures thereof, but are not limited thereto.

[0240] European Patent No. 0283165 (B1) discloses suitable plasticizers including glycerol derivatives such as propoxylated glycerol.

[0241] The article may contain any other optional components that are known for use in the composition or, if not, are useful in the composition, provided that such optional materials are compatible with the selected essential materials described herein or do not unduly impair product performance.

[0242] These optional ingredients are most typically those approved for use in cosmetics and listed in references such as the "CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Handbook" (Second Edition, The Cosmetic, Toiletries, and Fragrance Association, Inc., 1992).

[0243] Suitable emulsifiers as optional components in this specification include mono- and di-glycerides, aliphatic alcohols, polyglycerol esters, propylene glycol esters, sorbitan esters, and other known emulsifiers, or otherwise emulsifiers commonly used to stabilize air interfaces, such as those used in the preparation of foamed foods like cakes and other baked goods and confectionery products, or in the stabilization of cosmetics like hair mousse.

[0244] Further non-limiting examples of such optional ingredients include preservatives, fragrances or scents, colorants or dyes, conditioning agents, hair bleaches, thickeners, humectants, emollients, pharmacoactive substances, vitamins or nutrients, sunscreens, deodorants, sensory agents, plant extracts, nutrients, astringents, cosmetic particles, absorbent particles, adhesive particles, hair fixatives, fibers, reactive agents, whitening agents, skin sunscreens, anti-dandruff agents, fragrances, exfoliants, acids, bases, humectants, enzymes, suspending agents, hair colorants, hair perming agents, pigment particles, acne inhibitors, antibacterial agents, sunscreens, sunscreens, exfoliating particles, foaming aggregate particles, particles containing bicarbonates, hair thickeners or hair growth agents, insecticides, shaving lotions, co-solvents or other additional solvents, and other similar materials. Further non-limiting examples of optional ingredients include encapsulated fragrances such as β-cyclodetrin, polymer microcapsules, starch accords, and combinations thereof.

[0245] Suitable conditioning agents can be optionally added to articles and may include high-melting-point oils and greases and silicone conditioning agents. Suitable materials are discussed in U.S. Patent Publications 2008 / 0019935, 2008 / 0242584, and 2006 / 0217288.

[0246] How to use The compositions described herein may be used to cleanse, condition and / or treat skin, including hair, hair follicles, and / or scalp. A method for treating these consumer substrates may include a) applying an effective amount of the article to a hand; b) wetting the article with water to dissolve the solid; c) applying the dissolved material to a target consumer substrate to form a foam, cleanse, and optionally condition; and d) rinsing the diluted treatment composition from the consumer substrate. These steps may be repeated as many times as necessary to achieve the desired cleaning and / or treatment effect.

[0247] A useful method for providing benefits to hair, hair follicles, and / or skin, including the scalp, comprises the step of applying the composition according to the first embodiment to these target consumer substrates that require adjustment.

[0248] Alternatively, a useful method for modifying the condition of hair, hair follicles, skin, and / or scalp includes the step of applying one or more of the compositions described herein to these target consumer substrates that require modification.

[0249] The amount of composition to be applied, the frequency of application, and the duration of use vary considerably depending on the purpose of application, the level of the components of a given composition, and the desired level of adjustment. For example, when the composition is applied to the whole body or hair, the effective amount is generally in the range of about 0.5 grams to about 10 grams, or about 1.0 gram to about 5 grams, and / or about 1.5 grams to about 3 grams.

[0250] Product type and product Non-limiting examples of products utilizing soluble solid articles include hand cleansing bases, hair shampoos, hair conditioners or other hair treatment bases, body cleansing bases, shaving preparation bases, personal care bases containing pharmaceuticals or other skincare active substances, moisturizing bases, sunscreen bases, long-term skin beneficial agent bases (e.g., vitamin-containing bases, α-hydroxy acid-containing bases, etc.), deodorizing bases, and fragrance-containing bases.

[0251] Preferably, the soluble solid articles include non-personal cleansing articles such as fabrics and / or household cleansing articles, as well as personal cleansing articles such as cleansing articles for hands, body and / or face, and cleansing articles including shampoo articles. Among these, personal cleansing articles such as cleansing articles for hands, body and / or face, and shampoo articles are more preferred, and shampoo articles are even more preferred from the viewpoint of enjoying the benefits of this disclosure using specific taurine-based surfactants and reducing sulfate surfactants.

[0252] This specification includes a product comprising one or more soluble solid articles as described herein, and informational communications instructing consumers to dissolve the articles and apply the dissolved mixture to skin, including hair, hair follicles, and / or scalp, to achieve benefits to a target consumer substrate, namely, a rapidly foaming foam, a rapidly rinsing foam, a clean-rinsing foam, a conditioning treatment, and a combination thereof. Such information may be printed material directly or indirectly attached to the packaging containing the soluble solid articles or to the soluble solid articles themselves. Alternatively, such information may be an electronic or broadcast message associated with the manufactured article. Alternatively, such information may describe at least one possible use, function, distinguishing feature, and / or characteristic of the manufactured article.

[0253] Method for manufacturing fiber elements and articles The fibrous elements may be produced by any suitable process. Non-limiting examples of suitable processes for producing fibrous elements are described below.

[0254] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the method 46 for manufacturing the fiber element 32 is as follows: a. A step of providing a filament-forming composition 48, b. The process includes spinning a filament-forming composition 48 into one or more fibrous elements 32 such as filaments via a spinning die 50 or the like.

[0255] As shown in Figure 2, the spinning die 50 may include a plurality of fiber element forming holes 52, each containing a molten capillary 54 surrounded by concentric elongation fluid holes 56 through which a fluid such as air passes as it exits the fiber element forming hole 52, facilitating the elongation of the filament forming composition 48 into fiber elements 32.

[0256] In one embodiment, during the method for producing fiber elements, any volatile solvent such as water present in the filament-forming composition 48 is removed by drying or the like when the fiber elements 32 are formed. In one embodiment, more than 30% by weight and / or more than 40% by weight and / or more than 50% by weight and / or more than 60% by weight of volatile solvents such as water in the filament-forming composition is removed during the spinning process by drying or the like.

[0257] In one embodiment, as the fiber elements exit the fiber element forming holes 52, the fiber elements are collected on a belt above a vacuum source called the forming zone. The fiber elements can remain on the forming zone for the following times and temperatures, namely, about 50 to 60 seconds at about 150°F (65.6°C) to about 160°F (71.1°C), and / or about 30 to 40 seconds at about 170°F (65.6°C) to about 180°F (82.2°C), and / or about 5 to 20 seconds at about 200°F (93.3°C) to about 215°F (101.7°C).

[0258] In one embodiment, it is evident that the melt spinning temperature can be about 70°F to about 95°F, while the material can be dried by heat for about 50 to 60 seconds at about 340°F (171.1°C) to about 350°F (176.7°C), or about 30 to 40 seconds at about 390°F (198.9°C) to about 400°F (204°C), or about 5 to 20 seconds at 415°F (212.8°C) to 470°F (243.3°C).

[0259] The filament-forming composition is spun into one or more fibrous elements and / or particles by any suitable spinning process (such as melt-blown, spun-bonded, electrospinning, and / or spin-spinning). In one embodiment, the filament-forming composition is spun into multiple fibrous elements and / or particles by melt-blown. For example, the filament-forming composition may be pumped from a tank to a melt-blown spinnerette. Once exiting one or more of the filament-forming holes in the spinnerette, the filament-forming composition is thinned by air to form one or more fibrous elements and / or particles. The fibrous elements and / or particles may then be dried to remove any residual solvent used for spinning (e.g., water).

[0260] Fiber elements and / or particles may be collected on a belt, such as a patterned belt, to form a fibrous article containing fiber elements and / or particles.

[0261] Test method Unless otherwise specified, all tests described herein, including those described in the Definitions section, and the following test methods, shall be performed on samples prepared in a room adjusted to a temperature of approximately 22°C ± 2°C and a relative humidity of 42% ± 4% for a minimum of two hours prior to testing. The tested sample shall be a “workable unit.” As used herein, a “workable unit” means a flat portion obtained from a sheet or roll, a pre-converted flat portion, and / or a single-ply or multi-ply product. All tests shall be performed under identical environmental conditions and in a room thus prepared. Samples with defects such as wrinkles, tears, or holes shall not be tested. A sample prepared as described herein shall be considered a dry sample (e.g., “dry filament”) for the purposes of testing. All equipment shall be calibrated according to the manufacturer’s specifications.

[0262] Measurement of basis weight Generally, the basis weight of a material or article (including soluble solid structures) is determined by first cutting the sample into known areas using a die cutter or equivalent, then weighing and recording the sample using a top-loading balance with a minimum resolution of 0.01 g, and finally calculating the basis weight as follows: Basis weight (g / m 2 ) = Weight of the basis weight pad (g)

[0263]

number

[0264] The ideal pad sample size for determining basis weight is 10 cm. 2 It should be cut with a precision die cutter that is ultra-high and has the desired shape. The soluble solid structure to be measured should be 10 cm 2 If it is smaller than this, the sampling area can be reduced by making appropriate changes to the calculation to determine the basis weight.

[0265] In this embodiment, 17.28 cm 2 The basis weight was calculated based on the total soluble solid structure with a known area. Therefore, the basis weight calculation is as follows:

[0266]

number

[0267] Diameter Test Method A scanning electron microscope (SEM) or optical microscope, along with image analysis software, is used to determine the diameter of discrete fiber elements or fiber elements within a fibrous article. A magnification of 200–10,000x is selected to adequately enlarge the fiber elements for measurement. When using an SEM, the sample is sputtered with a gold or palladium compound to avoid charging and vibration of the fiber elements in the electron beam. Manual measurement is used to determine the diameter of the fiber elements from images (on a monitor screen) obtained using the SEM or optical microscope. A mouse and cursor tool is used to locate the edge of a randomly selected fiber element, and then the measurement is taken across its width (i.e., perpendicular to the direction of the fiber element at that point) to the other edge of the fiber element. A calibrated image analysis tool with scales is provided to obtain actual readings in micrometers. For fiber elements within a fibrous article, several fiber elements are randomly selected from the entire sample of the fibrous article using the SEM or optical microscope. At least two portions of the fibrous article are cut and tested in this manner. For statistical analysis, these measurements will be performed at least 100 times in total, and all data will be recorded. Using the recorded data, the mean, standard deviation, and median diameters of the fiber elements will be calculated.

[0268] Another useful statistic is the calculation of the amount of fiber element populations smaller than a certain upper limit. To determine this statistic, software is programmed to count the number of fiber element diameters smaller than the upper limit, and this count (divided by the total number of data points and multiplied by 100%) is recorded as a percentage of those smaller than the upper limit (e.g., the percentage of those with a diameter less than 1 micrometer or submicron%). The inventors denote the measured diameter (μm) for individual circular fiber elements as di.

[0269] If the fiber element has a non-circular cross-section, the measured diameter of the fiber element is determined as the hydraulic diameter and set to be equal to the hydraulic diameter. The hydraulic diameter is calculated by multiplying the cross-sectional area of ​​the fiber element by four and dividing by the perimeter of the cross-section of the fiber element (or the outer perimeter in the case of a hollow fiber element). The average diameter, or alternatively the number-average diameter, is calculated as follows:

[0270]

number

[0271] Manual dissolution method Required materials: Tested textile articles: 3 to 5 textile articles (final product samples) are tested, and the average number of strokes for each individual textile article sample is calculated and recorded as the average hand dissolution value of the textile article. This method tests the entire retailable or consumer-use textile article. The entire retailable or consumer-use textile article must be 50 cm². 2 If the installation area exceeds 50cm, first apply 50cm 2 Cut the fibrous material so that it has the following footprint. Nitrile gloves • 10cc syringe • Plastic weighing boat (approximately 3 inches x 3 inches) 100mL glass beaker • Water (Cincinnati city tap water or equivalent with the following characteristics: total hardness = 155 mg / L (as CaCO2), calcium content = 33.2 mg / L, magnesium content = 17.5 mg / L, phosphate content = 0.0462 mg / L). The water used has a hardness of 7 grains per gallon (gpg) and is 40°C ± 5°C.

[0272] protocol: Add 80 mL of water to the glass beaker. Heat the water in the beaker until it reaches a temperature of 40°C ± 5°C. Transfer 15 mL of water from the beaker to the weighing boat using a syringe. Within 10 seconds of transferring the water to the weighing boat, place the fibrous material sample in the palm of your gloved hand (the non-dominant hand, cupped in shape to hold the fibrous material sample). Using your dominant hand, quickly add water to the fibrous material sample from the weighing boat and wet it immediately for 5-10 seconds. Using your dominant hand (which is also wearing a glove), rub in two rapid circular strokes. After two strokes, visually inspect the fibrous material in your hand. If the fibrous material sample is completely dissolved, record the stroke count = 2 dissolution strokes. If it is not completely dissolved, rub the remaining fibrous material sample with two more circular strokes (a total of four strokes) and observe the solubility. If the fibrous material sample does not contain any solid fragments after two further strokes, record the stroke count = 4 dissolution strokes. If, after a total of four strokes, the fibrous material sample still contains undissolved solid fragments of the fibrous material sample, continue rubbing the remaining fibrous material sample with two more circular strokes until the fibrous material sample is completely dissolved or the total number of strokes reaches 30, whichever comes first, and check whether any remaining solid fragments of the fibrous material sample remain after each of the two further circular strokes. Record the total number of strokes. Record 30 dissolution strokes even if solid fibrous material sample fragments remain after the upper limit of 30 strokes. • Repeat this process for each of the four fibrous material samples. • Calculate the arithmetic mean of the recorded dissolution stroke values ​​for five individual fibrous article samples and record it as the average hand dissolution value for the fibrous article. The average hand dissolution value is reported in the nearest single dissolution stroke unit.

[0273] pH test method Obtain the pH of the liquid composition using a calibrated pH probe (according to the manufacturer's instructions) that has been calibrated to three pH standards (4.0, 7.0, and 10.0). Record the pH in units of 10 (i.e., 5.5).

[0274] Rheological testing methods A Discovery HR-3 rheometer (TA Instruments®, Delaware, USA) with a 40 mm 2.002-degree conical plate, Peltier plate steel-106935, and a plate base shape with a Peltier heating / cooling mechanism for temperature control. Measurements are performed by placing approximately 1 gram of composition on the base plate shape, lowering the base plate shape to a target gap of 60 micrometers, and wiping away any excess of the fiber element-forming composition to form a flat surface coplanar with the edges of both the base and base plate shapes. To obtain the G' and G'' curves, vibration amplitudes of 1 Hz and 6.366 e are used. -8 ~5.0e -4 To obtain MPa and shear viscosity, perform a flow sweep of 0.1 to 500 S. -1 By performing a vibration sweep using [tool name], data was collected at the specified temperatures of 25°C or 40°C. In the data table, the G' and G'' numbers represent the first data point and 0.1s at the minimum vibration strain R(%) (flat range). -1 It was obtained from the shear viscosity at the shear rate.

[0275] Thickness method The thickness of a fibrous article is measured by cutting five samples from the fibrous article so that each cut sample is larger than the load foot mounting surface of the VIR Electronic Thickness Tester Model II (available from Thwing-Albert Instrument Company (Philadelphia, PA)). Typically, the load foot mounting surface has a circular surface area of ​​approximately 3.14 square inches. The sample is fixed between a horizontal plane and the load foot mounting surface. The load foot mounting surface has a load capacity of 15.5 g / cm². 2 The constraining pressure is applied to the sample. The thickness of each sample is the gap created between the plane and the load foot mounting surface. The thickness is calculated as the average thickness of the five samples. The results are reported in millimeters (mm).

[0276] Moisture content test method The moisture content present in fibrous elements, and / or particles, and / or fibrous articles is measured using the following moisture content test method. Fibrous elements, and / or particles, and / or fibrous articles, or portions thereof ("samples"), in the form of pre-cut sheets, are placed in a room adjusted to a temperature of 22°C ± 2°C and a relative humidity of 42% ± 4% for at least 24 hours prior to the test. Each fibrous article sample has an area of ​​at least 4 square inches, but is small enough to fit appropriately on the weighing pan of a balance. Under the above temperature and humidity conditions, the weight of the sample is recorded every 5 minutes using a balance capable of measuring to at least four decimal places until the change from the previous weight, detected over 10 minutes, is less than 0.5%. The final weight is recorded as the "equilibrium weight". Within 10 minutes, the sample is placed on foil in a forced-air dryer at 22°C ± 2°C and a relative humidity of 42% ± 4% for 24 hours to dry. After 24 hours of drying, remove the sample and weigh it within 15 seconds. This weight is called the "dry weight" of the sample.

[0277] The moisture content of the sample is calculated as follows: Water content in sample = 100% × (equilibrium weight of sample - dry weight of sample) Dry weight of the sample

[0278] The moisture content (%) of the sample is averaged across three replicas and reported as the total moisture content (%) of the sample. The result should be reported to one decimal place (0.1%). [Examples]

[0279] The following are non-limiting examples of the shampoo compositions described herein. It will be understood that other modifications of the present invention within the scope of the art of those skilled in the art can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

[0280] All parts, percentages, and ratios in this specification are by weight unless otherwise specified. Some components may be supplied as diluted solutions from the supplier. Unless otherwise specified, amounts indicated represent the weight percentage of added material.

[0281] [Table 1]

[0282] [Table 2]

[0283] [Table 3]

[0284] [Table 4]

[0285] [Table 5]

[0286] [Table 6]

[0287]

Table 7

[0288]

Table 8

[0289]

Table 9

[0290]

Table 10

[0291] Details of materials used in the examples: * 1 Sodium cocoamphoacetate, sodium cocoamphopropionate, and a mixture of fatty acid soap and fatty acid methyl ester as by-products / impurities, supplied by P&G Chemicals * 2 A mixture of SMCT (sodium methyl cocoyl taurate) and free fatty acid as an impurity, supplied by Innospec as Pureact WS Conc * 3 PVOH 403: Supplied by Kuraray as Poval 3-80 * 4 PVOH 420H: Supplied by Kuraray as Poval 32-80 * 5 A mixture of cocoamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) and salt as an impurity, supplied by Evonik as Tego® Betain CK pH 12 * ​ * 7. Jaguar C 500: Cationic guar polymer, supplied by Solvay. * A mixture of 8 lauramidopropyl betaine (LAPB) and salts as impurities, supplied by Syensqo as MIRATAINE DAB ULS MB.

[0292] Fiber spinning properties The spinnability and feasibility of soluble solid fibrous structures during their manufacture are evaluated by the spinnability when forming fibrous elements. A soluble solid fibrous structure is formed by multiple fibrous elements. The spinnability in the table above was determined by spinning the molten compositions in the table according to the methods for manufacturing fibrous elements and articles described herein.

[0293] Good: Continuous filaments could be formed without breakage and / or shrinkage, and the continuous filaments could be collected onto the belt.

[0294] Possible: Continuous filaments are not formed, and some filaments break before being placed on the belt. This causes some problems in producing articles with the expected physical properties / performance, and / or may cause some problems in subsequent manufacturing processes.

[0295] Examples 1 to 8 of the Examples are of the present disclosure. The examples of molten compositions (those with the suffix "M", such as Example 1-M) are phase-stable, spinnable, and therefore capable of producing soluble fibrous solid articles, and the examples of article compositions are shown on the right (those with the suffix "D", such as Example 1-D).

[0296] Comparative Examples i and ii of the Examples are comparative examples of the present disclosure. Examples of their molten compositions (those with the suffix "M", such as Comparative Example iM) are not phase-stable and / or spinnable, and therefore cannot produce soluble fibrous solid articles. Comparative examples of article compositions are shown on the right (those with the suffix "D", such as Comparative Example iD), but are for reference only, based on calculations from the molten compositions.

[0297] combination 1. Solubility solid cleansing articles containing the following: a. A polymer structuring agent in an amount of approximately 5% to 60% by weight on a dry article basis, b. A soluble solid cleansing article comprising a surfactant system comprising a taurate surfactant containing an acyl taurate surfactant, comprising about 13% to about 90% by weight on a dry basis, comprising about 10% to about 54% by weight, preferably about 20% to about 53% by weight, more preferably about 30% to about 52% by weight, and even more preferably about 40% to about 52% by weight, on a dry basis, and a soluble solid cleansing article comprising about 13% to about 90% by weight on a dry basis. 2. The article according to feature 1 above, wherein the taurate surfactant further comprises an N-alkylacyltaurate surfactant, and preferably the taurate surfactant is an acyltaurate surfactant and an N-alkylacyltaurate surfactant. 3. The article according to feature 2 described above, wherein the weight ratio of the acyl taurate surfactant to the N-alkyl acyl taurate surfactant is up to about 1:4.5, preferably up to about 1:4. 4. The article according to any one of the above features 1 to 3, wherein the surfactant system further comprises a betaine cosurfactant, preferably the betaine cosurfactant is selected from the group consisting of cocamidopropyl betaine, lauramidopropyl betaine, cocobetaine, lauryl betaine, and mixtures thereof, and more preferably the betaine cosurfactant is cocamidopropyl betaine. 5. Acyl taurate surfactants are C6~C 24 An article that is an acyl taurate surfactant, as described in any one of the above characteristics 1 to 4. 6. The article according to any one of the above features 1 to 5, wherein the N-alkyl acyl taurate surfactant is preferably selected from the group consisting of methyl-substituted acyl taurate, ethyl-substituted acyl taurate, propyl-substituted acyl taurate, butyl-substituted acyl taurate, salts thereof, and combinations thereof, and more preferably methyl caprin ester taurate, methyl cocoyl taurate, methyl lauroyl taurate, methyl myristoyl taurate, methyl caproyl taurate, methyl oleoyl taurate, methyl capryloyl taurate, methyl palmitoyl taurate, methyl stearoyl taurate, methyl linoleoyl taurate, salts thereof, and combinations thereof. 7. An article that substantially does not contain sulfate-based surfactants, as described in any one of the features 1 to 6 above. 8. An article according to any one of the above features 1 to 7, wherein the polymer structuring agent is selected from carboxymethylcellulose, starch, polyvinyl alcohol, and combinations thereof. 9. The article according to any one of the above features 1 to 8, wherein the article is a soluble solid fibrous article comprising a plurality of fibrous elements, the plurality of fibrous elements intertwining with each other or otherwise bonding to form a fibrous article, and preferably the fibrous elements are homogeneous. 10. An article according to any one of the features 1 to 9 above, further comprising a cationic polymer selected from polyquaternium-6, polyquaternium-10, polyquaternium-76, cationic guar, cationic polyglucan, and combinations thereof. 11. An article having a manual dissolution value of less than 20 strokes according to the manual dissolution test method, as described in any one of the above features 1 to 10. 12. A molten composition for producing a soluble solid cleansing article, the molten composition comprising: (a) A polymer structuring agent in an amount of about 1% to about 25% by weight of the molten composition, (b) A surfactant system comprising about 3% to about 19% by weight of the molten composition, preferably about 7% to about 17% by weight, more preferably about 10% to about 17% by weight, and even more preferably about 13% to about 17% by weight, including a taurate surfactant containing an acyl taurate surfactant, comprising about 5% to about 35% by weight of the molten composition, (c) Water. 13. The molten composition according to any one of the above features 1 to 12, wherein the molten composition has a complex viscosity gradient of about -0.14 to about 0, preferably about -0.13 to about 0, and more preferably about -0.12 to about 0. 14. The molten composition according to any one of the above features 1 to 13, wherein the taurate surfactant further comprises an N-alkyl acyl taurate surfactant, and preferably the taurate surfactant is an acyl taurate surfactant and an N-alkyl acyl taurate surfactant. 15. The molten composition according to feature 14 described above, wherein the weight ratio of the acyl taurate surfactant to the N-alkyl acyl taurate surfactant is up to about 1:4.5, preferably up to about 1:4. 16. The molten composition according to any one of the above features 1 to 15, wherein the molten composition further comprises a betaine cosurfactant, preferably selected from the group consisting of cocamidopropyl betaine, lauramidopropyl betaine, cocobetaine, lauryl betaine, and mixtures thereof, and more preferably the betaine cosurfactant is cocamidopropyl betaine.

[0298] The dimensions and values ​​disclosed herein should not be understood as being strictly limited to the exact numerical values ​​listed. Instead, unless otherwise specified, each such dimension is intended to mean both the listed value and the functionally equivalent range encompassing that value. For example, a dimension disclosed as "40 mm" is intended to mean "approximately 40 mm."

[0299] All documents referenced herein, including any patents or patent applications that are cross-referenced or related, and any patent applications or patents for which this application claims priority or benefit thereof, are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety unless expressly excluded or otherwise limited. No citation of any document shall be deemed prior art to any invention disclosed or claimed herein, nor shall any such invention be taught, suggested, or disclosed, either alone or in combination with any one or more other references. Furthermore, to the extent that any meaning or definition of a term in this document conflicts with any meaning or definition of the same term in any document incorporated by reference, the meaning or definition given to that term in this document shall prevail.

[0300] While specific embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, it is intended that all such changes and modifications within the scope of the invention be covered in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A soluble solid cleansing article, a. A polymer structuring agent in an amount of approximately 5% to 60% by weight, based on the dry article. b. A surfactant system comprising a taurate surfactant containing an acyl taurate surfactant in an amount of about 10% to about 54% by weight, preferably about 20% to about 53% by weight, more preferably about 30% to about 52% by weight, and even more preferably about 40% to about 52% by weight, based on the dry article, and comprising about 13% to about 90% by weight, based on the dry article, A soluble solid cleansing article containing [the specified substance].

2. The article according to claim 1, wherein the taurate surfactant further comprises an N-alkylacyltaurate surfactant, and preferably the taurate surfactant is an acyltaurate surfactant and an N-alkylacyltaurate surfactant.

3. The article according to claim 2, wherein the weight ratio of the acyl taurate surfactant to the N-alkyl acyl taurate surfactant is up to about 1:4.5, preferably up to about 1:

4.

4. The article according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the surfactant system further comprises a betaine cosurfactant, preferably the betaine cosurfactant is selected from the group consisting of cocamidopropyl betaine, lauramidopropyl betaine, cocobetaine, lauryl betaine, and mixtures thereof, and more preferably the betaine cosurfactant is cocamidopropyl betaine.

5. The aforementioned acyl taurate surfactant is C ６ ~C ２４ The article according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is an acyl taurate surfactant.

6. The article according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the N-alkyl acyl taurate surfactant is selected from methyl-substituted acyl taurate, ethyl-substituted acyl taurate, propyl-substituted acyl taurate, butyl-substituted acyl taurate, salts thereof, and combinations thereof, and preferably the N-alkyl acyl taurate is selected from the group consisting of methyl caprin ester taurate, methyl cocoyl taurate, methyl lauroyl taurate, methyl myristoyl taurate, methyl caproyl taurate, methyl oleoyl taurate, methyl capryloyl taurate, methyl palmitoyl taurate, methyl stearoyl taurate, methyl linoleoyl taurate, salts thereof, and combinations thereof.

7. The article according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the article substantially does not contain a sulfate-based surfactant.

8. The article according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the polymer structuring agent is selected from carboxymethylcellulose, starch, polyvinyl alcohol, and combinations thereof.

9. The article according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the article is a soluble solid fibrous article comprising a plurality of fibrous elements, the plurality of fibrous elements intertwining with each other or otherwise bonding to form the fibrous article, and preferably the fibrous elements are homogeneous.

10. The article according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising a cationic polymer selected from polyquaternium-6, polyquaternium-10, polyquaternium-76, cationic guar, cationic polyglucan, and combinations thereof.

11. An article according to any one of claims 1 to 10, having a manual dissolution value of less than 20 strokes according to a manual dissolution test method.

12. A molten composition for manufacturing a soluble solid cleansing article, wherein the molten composition is (a) A polymer structuring agent in an amount of about 1% to about 25% by weight of the molten composition, (b) A surfactant system comprising about 3% to about 19% by weight, preferably about 7% to about 17% by weight, more preferably about 10% to about 17% by weight, and even more preferably about 13% to about 17% by weight of the molten composition, comprising a taurate surfactant including an acyl taurate surfactant, in an amount of about 3% to about 19% by weight, preferably about 7% to about 17% by weight, more preferably about 10% to about 17% by weight, and still more preferably about 13% to about 17% by weight of the molten composition, (c) Water and, A molten composition containing the following:

13. The molten composition according to claim 12, wherein the molten composition has a complex viscosity gradient of about -0.14 to about 0, preferably about -0.13 to about 0, and more preferably about -0.12 to about 0.

14. The molten composition according to any one of claims 12 to 13, wherein the taurate surfactant further comprises an N-alkylacyltaurate surfactant, and preferably the taurate surfactant is an acyltaurate surfactant and an N-alkylacyltaurate surfactant.

15. The molten composition according to claim 14, wherein the weight ratio of the acyl taurate surfactant to the N-alkyl acyl taurate surfactant is up to about 1:4.5, preferably up to about 1:

4.

16. The molten composition according to any one of claims 12 to 15, wherein the molten composition further comprises a betaine cosurfactant, preferably the betaine cosurfactant is selected from the group consisting of cocamidopropyl betaine, lauramidopropyl betaine, cocobetaine, lauryl betaine, and mixtures thereof, and more preferably the betaine cosurfactant is cocamidopropyl betaine.

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