Solar power generation system

Abstract

This system provides a solar power generation system that can generate sufficient electricity without directly exposing solar panels to the outdoor environment. [Solution] The photovoltaic power generation system comprises a light diffusing member provided on a frame installed above which sunlight is diffused and transmitted, and a plurality of photovoltaic panels fixed to the frame below the light diffusing member, extending away from the lower surface of the light diffusing member, and installed below the light diffusing member and covering the entire lower surface of the light diffusing member. The plurality of photovoltaic panels are each provided with a photovoltaic film on both sides or one side, and are arranged in a grid, row, or column pattern with respect to the lower surface of the light diffusing member, and are configured to generate electricity by causing light diffused and transmitted by the light diffusing member to enter between the plurality of photovoltaic panels.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a solar power generation system that uses multiple solar power generation panels to generate solar power, and is also applicable to a solar sharing system in which farming (crop cultivation) and other activities are carried out on the same land as solar power generation. [Background technology]

[0002] When the area covered by solar power panels is converted to a unit of land area, Japan ranks first in the world, with approximately twice the area of ​​second-place Germany. Because of this high density of installation, recently, outside of urban areas, the black appearance of solar power panels has become increasingly noticeable, and criticism has begun to emerge that they are spoiling the natural landscape.

[0003] Many of these types of solar power generation panels utilize silicon-based power generation modules, such as those described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, and are configured to directly receive direct sunlight or reflected sunlight on the panel surface. This is because silicon-based power generation elements have relatively low photoelectric conversion efficiency, so it is necessary to directly irradiate the light-receiving surface with light of sufficient intensity to generate electricity. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2021-101478 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2022-092096 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0005] Conventional solar power generation systems required numerous solar panels to be installed outdoors in an exposed state in order to generate electricity by directly receiving sunlight. As a result, this significantly damaged the natural landscape.

[0006] In recent years, the use of perovskite-based power generation modules in solar power generation panels has begun to be proposed. However, perovskite films are susceptible to moisture and ultraviolet rays, making it difficult to use them as is in solar power generation panels installed in outdoor environments exposed to wind, rain, snow, bird droppings, and damage caused by birds.

[0007] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a solar power generation system that can generate sufficient electricity without directly exposing solar power generation panels to the outdoor environment.

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide a solar power generation system that can be efficiently applied to solar sharing systems where farming and other activities are carried out on the same land as solar power generation. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] According to the present invention, the photovoltaic power generation system comprises a light-diffusing member that diffuses and transmits sunlight, and a plurality of photovoltaic power generation panels with high photoelectric conversion efficiency that are fixedly provided below the light-diffusing member and extend in a direction away from the surface of the light-diffusing member, and is configured to generate electricity by causing the light diffused and transmitted by the light-diffusing member to enter the photovoltaic power generation panels.

[0010] Below the light-diffusing member, multiple photoelectric power generation panels with high photoelectric conversion efficiency are provided, extending away from the surface of the light-diffusing member. Electricity is generated by allowing the light diffused by the light-diffusing member to enter the photoelectric power generation panels. Since the photoelectric power generation panels are covered by the light-diffusing member and are not installed in an exposed state outdoors, the natural landscape is not spoiled, and even photoelectric power generation panels with poor resistance to the natural environment can be installed without problems. In addition, since the photoelectric power generation panels extend away from the surface of the light-diffusing member, the area of ​​the photoelectric conversion surface that receives diffused light from the light-diffusing member is increased, and the amount of power generated is increased. Furthermore, if the system is configured to provide downward illumination by passing the light diffused by the light-diffusing member through, it can be applied to a solar sharing system. In this specification, "solar sharing" includes not only the combination of solar power generation and farming (crop cultivation) on the same land, but also the combination of solar power generation and all other activities, such as various jobs, reading, studying, resting, sleeping, drinking coffee, eating, sports, playing, event venues, free spaces, bicycle parking, parking, etc., on the same land.

[0011] It is preferable that the solar power generation panel is a solar power generation panel using a perovskite photovoltaic film. Perovskite photovoltaic films can be manufactured inexpensively from minerals produced in Japan, and because they have a high light absorption rate, they can generate electricity effectively for a long time even with relatively weak diffused light. Furthermore, since the solar power generation panel is installed below the light-diffusing member, it is not exposed to wind, rain, snow, direct sunlight, bird damage such as bird droppings and damage by birds, and there are no problems even if the solar power generation panel uses a perovskite photovoltaic film that is susceptible to moisture and ultraviolet rays.

[0012] In this case, it is preferable that the photovoltaic panel is a photovoltaic panel in which a perovskite photovoltaic film is laminated on a substrate panel. Even if the perovskite photovoltaic film is thin and flexible, by laminating it on a substrate panel, a durable photovoltaic panel is constructed.

[0013] In this case, it is also preferable that the photovoltaic panel is a photovoltaic panel in which a silicon photovoltaic film and a perovskite photovoltaic film are sequentially laminated and formed from the bottom on a substrate panel. Since the perovskite photovoltaic film has light transmissivity, efficient photoelectric conversion can be performed with both the perovskite photovoltaic film for incident light and the silicon photovoltaic film having the maximum conversion characteristics in a different wavelength region.

[0014] It is also preferable that the photovoltaic panels are a plurality of photovoltaic panels extending from the surface of the light diffusing member in a direction at an angle close to perpendicular to this surface. If the photovoltaic panels are installed so as to extend in a direction at an angle close to perpendicular to the surface of the light diffusing member, diffused light passes between the photovoltaic panels and is irradiated downward, so that the lower region is irradiated with light, and solar sharing can be efficiently performed.

[0015] It is also preferable that the photovoltaic panels are a plurality of photovoltaic panels extending from the surface of the light diffusing member in a direction at an angle close to perpendicular to the ground plane. If the photovoltaic panels are installed so as to extend in a direction at an angle close to perpendicular to the ground plane, diffused light passes between the photovoltaic panels and is irradiated downward, so that the lower region is irradiated with light, and solar sharing can be efficiently performed.

[0016] It is also preferable that the plurality of photovoltaic panels are provided only on a part of the surface of the light diffusing member. In the region where the photovoltaic panels are provided, solar power generation by diffused light is performed by these photovoltaic panels, and in the region where the photovoltaic panels are not provided, the diffused light from the diffusing member is directly irradiated downward, so that efficient solar sharing can be performed. Even in the region where the photovoltaic panels are provided, since the photovoltaic panels extend in a direction away from the surface of the light diffusing member, the light that passes between the photovoltaic panels and is not blocked by the photovoltaic panels among the diffused light from the light diffusing member is irradiated downward, so that solar sharing can be performed.

[0017] It is also preferable that a plurality of photovoltaic panels are provided over the entire surface of the light diffusing member. Among the diffused light that has passed through the light diffusing member, all the light other than the light that has passed through between the photovoltaic panels without being blocked by the photovoltaic panels is photoelectrically converted by the photovoltaic panels and used for power generation. By increasing the installation area of this photovoltaic power generation system, it can be applied to a megasolar, which is a large-scale photovoltaic power generation system with a power generation scale exceeding 1000 kW. Further, since the photovoltaic panels extend in a direction away from the surface of the light diffusing member, the light that passes between the photovoltaic panels among the diffused light from the light diffusing member and is not blocked by the photovoltaic panels is irradiated downward, so solar sharing can be performed.

[0018] It is also preferable that at least a part of the plurality of photovoltaic panels are photovoltaic panels provided with a photovoltaic film on only one side. For the photovoltaic panels located at the boundary between the region where the light diffusing member is provided and the region where it is not provided, by providing the photovoltaic film only on the side that receives the diffused light from the light diffusing member, the photovoltaic film is no longer exposed to wind, rain, snow accumulation, direct sunlight, bird droppings, or damage by birds such as bird damage.

[0019] It is also preferable that at least a part of the plurality of photovoltaic panels are photovoltaic panels provided with photovoltaic films on both sides. If photovoltaic films are provided on both sides that receive the diffused light from the light diffusing member, power generation is performed on both sides of the photovoltaic panel, so the photoelectric conversion efficiency increases.

[0020] It is also preferable that the plurality of photovoltaic panels are a plurality of photovoltaic panels extending along the same direction.

[0021] It is also preferable that the plurality of photovoltaic panels are a plurality of photovoltaic panels arranged in a row or a column.

[0022] It is also preferable that the plurality of photovoltaic panels are a plurality of photovoltaic panels arranged in a grid pattern.

[0023] It is also preferable that the lower ends of adjacent solar panels are connected to each other. By connecting the lower ends, all diffused light enters the solar panels, is converted into photoelectricity, and used for power generation.

[0024] It is also preferable that the solar power generation panel be a flat, corrugated, or uneven-shaped solar power generation panel.

[0025] It is also preferable that the light diffusing member be in the shape of a flat plate, a sheet, or a corrugated plate.

[0026] It is also preferable that the photovoltaic power generation system consists of at least one movable box-shaped photovoltaic device, wherein the above-mentioned light-diffusing member is provided on the top surface, the above-mentioned multiple photovoltaic panels are provided below the light-diffusing member, and each of the four sides is provided with a photovoltaic panel having a photovoltaic film on only one inner side. With such a photovoltaic device, it is possible to move and install it where power generation is needed, and a large amount of power generation (three times the amount of power generation) can be expected with a small installation area. [Effects of the Invention]

[0027] According to the present invention, multiple photoelectric power generation panels with high photoelectric conversion efficiency are provided below the light-diffusing member, extending away from the surface of the light-diffusing member. Electricity is generated by allowing the light diffused by the light-diffusing member to enter the photoelectric power generation panels. Since the photoelectric power generation panels are covered by the light-diffusing member and are not installed in an exposed state outdoors, the natural landscape is not spoiled, and even photoelectric power generation panels with poor resistance to the natural environment can be installed without problems. Furthermore, because the photoelectric power generation panels extend away from the surface of the light-diffusing member, the area of ​​the photoelectric conversion surface that receives diffused light from the light-diffusing member increases, and the amount of power generated increases. Moreover, if the system is configured to provide downward illumination by allowing the light diffused by the light-diffusing member to pass through, it can be applied to a solar sharing system. Furthermore, in this specification, "solar sharing" includes not only the combination of solar power generation and farming (crop cultivation) on the same land, but also the combination of solar power generation and any other activities, such as various jobs, reading, studying, resting, sleeping, drinking coffee, eating, sports, playing, event venues, free spaces, bicycle parking, parking, etc., on the same land. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0028] [Figure 1] This is an explanatory diagram illustrating the configuration of a solar power generation system in one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] (A) is a perspective view and (B) is a cross-sectional view along line BB in Figure 2(A), showing the configuration of the photovoltaic power generation panel in the embodiment of Figure 1. [Figure 3] This is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the photovoltaic power generation panel in the embodiment shown in Figure 1, along the surface of the light-diffusing member. [Figure 4] This is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a photovoltaic power generation panel in a modified embodiment of Figure 1, taken along the surface of the light-diffusing member. [Figure 5] These are explanatory diagrams illustrating the irradiation conditions of diffused light in the embodiment shown in Figure 1 and the modified embodiment shown in Figure 4. [Figure 6]This is an explanatory diagram illustrating the configuration of a photovoltaic power generation system in another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] As a modified embodiment of the above-described model, the cross-sectional view shows various configuration examples of a solar power generation panel, taken in cross-section along the surface of the light-diffusing member. [Figure 8] This is an explanatory diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a part of a photovoltaic power generation system in yet another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9] (A) is a perspective view, and (B) is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-section along the surface of a light-diffusing member, schematically illustrating the configuration of a portable photovoltaic power generation device in yet another embodiment of the present invention. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0029] Figure 1 schematically shows the configuration of a photovoltaic power generation system in one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 shows the schematic configuration of a photovoltaic power generation panel in this embodiment, (A) in an oblique view and (B) in a cross-section along line BB, and Figure 3 schematically shows the configuration of a photovoltaic power generation panel in this embodiment in a cross-section along the surface of the light diffusion member.

[0030] This embodiment is an example of applying the photovoltaic power generation system of the present invention to a solar sharing system. As shown in Figure 1, in this solar sharing system, a frame (not shown) supported by pillars (not shown) is installed above cultivated land (or a cultivation tank in the case of hydroponics) or the ground 11 in which crops (cultivated plants) or trees 10 are planted. A corrugated light-diffusing member 12 that transmits and diffuses sunlight is installed on this frame, and a plurality of photovoltaic power generation panel units 13 are fixedly installed below this light-diffusing member 12.

[0031] In this embodiment, each photovoltaic panel unit 13 has multiple photovoltaic panels 13a, each having a surface (photoelectric conversion surface) that extends in the same direction away from the surface of the light-diffusing member 12. Here, "direction away from the surface of the light-diffusing member 12" means either a direction at an angle nearly perpendicular to the surface of the light-diffusing member 12 or a direction at an angle nearly perpendicular to the ground plane. However, in the case of Figure 1, the direction at an angle nearly perpendicular to the surface of the light-diffusing member 12 and the direction at an angle nearly perpendicular to the ground plane are the same. This is because the light-diffusing member 12 is tilted in the north-south direction, and the photovoltaic panels 13a also extend in the north-south direction. If the photovoltaic panels 13a extend in the east-west direction, it will be either a direction at an angle nearly perpendicular to the surface of the light-diffusing member 12 or a direction at an angle nearly perpendicular to the ground plane. Incidentally, in the example shown in Figure 1, the light-diffusing member 12 is slightly tilted downwards from the front (north side) to the back (south side) in the figure in order to effectively drain rainwater from the top surface. In contrast, the surface of the solar power generation panel 13a extends in the north-south direction. Thus, in this embodiment, since the solar power generation panel 13a extends away from the surface of the light-diffusing member 12, the area of ​​the photoelectric conversion surface that receives diffused light from the light-diffusing member 12 becomes larger, and as a result, the amount of power generated increases.

[0032] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic panel unit 13, which consists of multiple photovoltaic panels 13a, is provided only on a portion of the surface of the light-diffusing member 12. In the region where the photovoltaic panel unit 13 is provided, photovoltaic power generation is performed by diffused light from the photovoltaic panels 13a, and in the region where the photovoltaic panel unit 13 is not provided, the diffused light from the diffuser 12 is irradiated downward as is, and the light is irradiated onto the crops 10 being grown, thus enabling efficient solar sharing. However, even in the region where the photovoltaic panel unit 13 is provided, since the photovoltaic panels 13a extend away from the surface of the light-diffusing member 12, the diffused light from the light-diffusing member 12 that passes between the photovoltaic panels 13a and is not blocked by the photovoltaic panels 13a is irradiated downward, and the light is irradiated onto the crops 10 being grown, thus enabling solar sharing.

[0033] The light-diffusing member 12 has a corrugated shape. By using a corrugated light-diffusing member 12, its surface area increases by approximately 1.2 to 1.5 times, allowing for efficient diffusion and irradiation of skylight, especially on cloudy or rainy days, and sunlight when the sun is low in the sky. Furthermore, the light-diffusing member 12 should be inexpensive, strong, waterproof, and able to withstand storms. In addition, it is desirable that the transmittance be approximately 50% to 80% and the diffusion angle be approximately 20 to 100 degrees, so that the crops directly below are irradiated with uniform diffused light from the east-west and north-south directions, resulting in stable cultivation of tall crops. Moreover, it is desirable that the light-diffusing member 12 has a low ultraviolet transmittance. Therefore, as the light-diffusing member 12, a material that has a proven track record as a roofing material, is easy to process, has a corrugated shape, transmits and diffuses light, and reduces ultraviolet transmission is selected. Common corrugated sheet shapes include mountain-shaped folded sheets, rounded corrugations, or angular corrugations, but uneven shapes are also acceptable. Polycarbonate is preferred as the material for transmitting and diffusing light, but FRP (fiber-reinforced plastic) is also acceptable. Furthermore, it is desirable to use commercially available rounded corrugated sheets that are inexpensive, waterproof, and easy to install. Of course, the transmittance and diffusion angle of the light-diffusing member 12 are selected considering the installation height, installation interval, crop height, and required illumination. In this embodiment, the light-diffusing member 12 is composed of corrugated polycarbonate panels. The dimensions of a single panel are, as an example, approximately 1800 mm in width (long side), approximately 600 mm in length in the flow direction (short side), approximately 32 mm in crest pitch, and approximately 9 mm in crest height. Multiple such panels are used to constitute the light-diffusing member 12. The panels used, specifically, are polycarbonate corrugated sheets (for example, Polykanami 32mm Frost® or Polykanami 63mm Frost® manufactured by Sumitomo Bakelite Co., Ltd.) or polycarbonate hollow panels. Using frosted or embossed finishes further improves diffusion. Light diffusion panels such as Polycatwin® manufactured by Sumitomo Bakelite Co., Ltd., Twincarbo® manufactured by AGC Inc., and Paircarbo® manufactured by Takiron CI Co., Ltd. may also be used.Although the diffusivity will decrease, the light diffusing member 12 may be made of a flat plate or sheet-shaped light diffusing member.

[0034] In the case of solar sharing with crops, in order to provide uniform irrigation to the crops, in this embodiment, when the wave-shaped flow direction is north-south, the light-diffusing member 12 is given a water slope of about 1 / 10 to 3 / 10 in the direction of the flow and is tilted downwards towards the south. Furthermore, a rainwater outlet (not shown) is created in a part of the light-diffusing member 12 in the north-south direction, and the system is configured so that rainwater flows down to the crops below through this outlet.

[0035] The light diffusion and ultraviolet transmission characteristics of this light diffusion member 12 were measured. A polycarbonate corrugated sheet with a light transmittance of 88% (Polycanami 32mm Frost®, manufactured by Sumitomo Bakelite Co., Ltd.) was installed in the opening (light-gathering section) for the purpose of light diffusion. Illuminance and ultraviolet radiation were measured 3m below the center of the light-gathering section and 3m below the center of the light-shielding section, which is more than 0.9m from the center of the light-gathering section. The instrument used to measure illuminance and ultraviolet radiation was the TR-74Ui, manufactured by T&D Corporation. As a result, the weather illuminance (illuminance due to direct sunlight) was 111,000 lx, and the weather ultraviolet radiation (amount of ultraviolet radiation due to direct sunlight) was 1,996 mw / cm². 2 In this case, the illuminance 3m below the center of the light-gathering area is 25,000 lx, and the amount of ultraviolet light is 0.117 mw / cm². 2 As a result, the illuminance at a point 3m below the center of the light-blocking section, which is more than 0.9m away from the center of the light-gathering section, is 27,000 lx, and the amount of ultraviolet radiation is 0.105 mw / cm². 2 This revealed that the illuminance due to diffused light transmitted through the light-diffusing member 12 was surprisingly high, and that the diffused light maintained a high illuminance over a considerable lateral range. Furthermore, it was confirmed that 95% of ultraviolet light was cut off, which is almost the same transmission blocking rate as stated in the manufacturer's catalog. In a demonstration experiment conducted on a different date, the weather illuminance (illuminance due to direct sunlight) was 88,000 lx, and the weather ultraviolet amount (amount of ultraviolet light due to direct sunlight) was 1.018 mw / cm². 2 In this case, the illuminance immediately below (5 mm below) the light-diffusing member 12 is 52,000 lx, and the amount of ultraviolet light is 0.026 mw / cm². 2This indicates that the light intensity of the diffused light transmitted through the light-diffusing member 12 is quite high, and that ultraviolet light is significantly reduced.

[0036] In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, the photovoltaic power generation panel 13a is composed of a rectangular corrugated panel made by laminating perovskite photovoltaic films 13a2 and 13a3 on both sides of a corrugated substrate panel 13a1 made of a metal substrate such as steel or stainless steel, a resin substrate, or a slate substrate. By adopting a corrugated shape, the strength is increased, so even thin materials can be used, and the area that receives diffused light is increased by approximately 1.2 times. Multiple photovoltaic power generation panels 13a are arranged in rows parallel to each other along the same direction (north-south direction), as shown in Figure 3. For the photovoltaic power generation panels 13a that receive diffused light from the light diffusion member 12, power is generated by the perovskite photovoltaic films 13a2 and 13a3 on both sides, increasing the photoelectric conversion efficiency. On the other hand, at the ends in the north-south direction, corrugated photovoltaic power generation panels 13b, in which a perovskite photovoltaic film is laminated on only one side of the substrate panel, are installed along the east-west direction. For the photovoltaic panel 13b located at the outer boundary of the light-diffusing member 12, by providing a perovskite photovoltaic film only on one side that receives diffused light from the light-diffusing member 13, the perovskite photovoltaic film is no longer exposed to damage from birds such as wind, rain, snow, direct sunlight, bird droppings, and damage by birds (for example, damage to the film caused by crows pecking at it), and no problems were encountered even when using a perovskite photovoltaic film that is susceptible to moisture and ultraviolet rays. As shown in Figure 3, in this embodiment, the photovoltaic panels 13a and 13b are installed so that the wave-like flow direction is vertical. The dimensions of the photovoltaic panels 13a and 13b are the length (L) and width (W), and the installation interval (W) is the pitch between the photovoltaic panels 13a and 13b that extend parallel to each other. S This is a multiple of ). This installation interval (W S The dimensions shown are just examples, but can be appropriately selected within a range of approximately 200mm to 1000mm. The height (H) is just an example, but can be appropriately selected within a range of approximately 100mm to 2500mm.

[0037] As described above, in this embodiment, perovskite photovoltaic films are used for the photovoltaic panels 13a and 13b. Perovskite photovoltaic films are lightweight and flexible, can be manufactured inexpensively from minerals produced in Japan, and have a high light absorption rate, so they can efficiently generate electricity even with relatively weak diffused light. Furthermore, since the photovoltaic panels 13a and 13b are covered by the light-diffusing member 12 and installed below it, they are not exposed to damage from birds such as wind, rain, snow, direct sunlight, bird droppings, or damage caused by birds (for example, damage to the film caused by crows pecking), and there are no problems even when using perovskite photovoltaic films that are susceptible to moisture and ultraviolet rays.

[0038] In this case, it is preferable that the multiple photovoltaic panels 13a and 13b are photovoltaic panels in which a perovskite photovoltaic film is laminated on a substrate panel. Even if the perovskite photovoltaic film is thin and flexible, by laminating it on a substrate panel, a durable photovoltaic panel is constructed.

[0039] The photovoltaic panels 13a and 13b can also be constructed by laminating a silicon photovoltaic film on a corrugated substrate panel made of a metal substrate such as steel or stainless steel, or a resin substrate, and then laminating a perovskite photovoltaic film on top of that. With such a double-layered structure, the perovskite photovoltaic film is light-transmitting, and the wavelength ranges in which the conversion characteristics are maximized differ between the perovskite photovoltaic film and the silicon photovoltaic film. Therefore, both the perovskite photovoltaic film and the silicon photovoltaic film can efficiently convert incident light into electricity.

[0040] The key points in this embodiment are that the light diffusing member 12 transmits and diffuses light widely in the lateral direction, the surfaces of the photovoltaic panels 13a and 13b, which are formed by laminating perovskite photovoltaic films (photoelectric conversion surface, surface of the perovskite photovoltaic film), are fixedly installed below the light diffusing member 12 so as to extend away from the surface of the light diffusing member 12, and the photovoltaic panels 13a and 13b are provided only on a portion of the surface of the light diffusing member 12. As a result, the diffused light spreading laterally from the light diffusing member 12 is incident on the perovskite photovoltaic films of the photovoltaic panels 13a and 13b, which have a larger light-receiving area, and power is efficiently generated by the perovskite photovoltaic films. In addition, the diffused light that passes between the photovoltaic panels 13a and 13b passes downward and irradiates the area below. Furthermore, in the areas where the photovoltaic panels 13a and 13b are not provided, the diffused light from the light diffusing member 12 directly irradiates the area below. Because the perovskite photovoltaic film has a high light absorption rate, it can effectively generate electricity even when relatively weak diffused light is incident at such an angle. Furthermore, since it is covered by the light-diffusing member 12 and installed below it, it is not exposed to wind, rain, snow, direct sunlight, bird damage such as bird droppings or damage caused by birds. In addition, because diffused light passes through the gap, solar sharing is effectively carried out.

[0041] In this embodiment, since the solar power generation panels 13a and 13b are covered by the light-diffusing member 12 and are not installed in an exposed state outdoors, the natural landscape is not spoiled, and even solar power generation panels with poor resistance to the natural environment can be installed without problems. Furthermore, by using wood in the solar power generation system, it is possible to maintain a more natural landscape.

[0042] As described above, the solar sharing system that performs solar power generation and agricultural management (crop cultivation) on the same land has been explained. However, the solar sharing system of the present embodiment is also applicable to those that perform solar power generation and other activities, for example, various jobs, reading, studying, resting, sleeping, having tea, eating, sports, playing, event venues, free spaces, bicycle parking, car parking, and all other activities on the same land.

[0043] As described above, in the present embodiment, since the solar power generation panel 13a extends in a direction away from the surface of the light diffusion member 12, the area of the photoelectric conversion surface that receives the diffused light from the light diffusion member 12 increases. As a result, the power generation amount increases. As an example, the area of the photoelectric conversion surface is calculated for a solar power generation panel unit with a length (L), width (W), and height (H) of 2 m each. Assume that three solar power generation panels 13a having a photoelectric conversion surface with a perovskite solar power generation film are provided inside, and solar power generation panels 13b having a photoelectric conversion surface with a perovskite solar power generation film only on one side are provided on the four side surfaces. In this case, the total area of the photoelectric conversion surface is 2(m)×2(m)×2×3 + 2(m)×2(m)×4 = 24(m 2 ) + 16(m 2 ) = 40(m 2 ). In the case of a conventional solar power generation system in which a silicon solar power generation film is provided only on the top surface of the solar power generation panel unit, the area of the photoelectric conversion surface is 2(m)×2(m) = 4(m 2 ). Therefore, the area of the photoelectric conversion surface in the present embodiment is 10 times that. Assuming that the power generation efficiency of the perovskite solar power generation film and the power generation efficiency of the silicon solar power generation film are both 20%, the illuminance due to the diffused light incident in the case of the perovskite solar power generation film is 25,000 lx, and the illuminance due to the direct light incident in the case of the silicon solar power generation film (weather illuminance) is 111,000 lx. Therefore, (power generation amount in the case of the perovskite solar power generation film) / (power generation amount in the case of the silicon solar power generation film) = (2.5 (ten thousand lx)×40(m 2 )×0.2) / (11.1 (ten thousand lx)×4(m 2) × 0.2) = 20 / 8.88 = 2.25. In other words, the amount of electricity generated in the solar power generation system of this embodiment is approximately 2.25 times the amount of electricity generated in a conventional solar power generation system using a silicon solar power generation film.

[0044] Figure 4 shows a cross-sectional view along the surface of the light-diffusing member of the configuration of the photovoltaic panel unit 13' in a modified version of this embodiment.

[0045] As shown in Figure 4, in this modified embodiment, the photovoltaic panels 13a' and 13b' consist of a photovoltaic panel 13a' in which a perovskite photovoltaic film is laminated on both sides of a flat substrate panel, and a photovoltaic panel 13b' in which a perovskite photovoltaic film is laminated on one side of a flat substrate panel. Multiple photovoltaic panels 13a', each with a perovskite photovoltaic film laminated on both sides, are arranged in rows parallel to each other along the same direction (north-south direction). At the ends in the north-south direction, flat photovoltaic panels 13b', each with a perovskite photovoltaic film laminated on only one side of the substrate panel, are installed along the east-west direction. The other configurations and effects of this modified embodiment are exactly the same as those of the embodiment in Figure 1, so their explanation is omitted.

[0046] As described above, the solar power generation panels 13a and 13a' extend away from the surface of the light diffusion members 12 and 12', increasing the area of ​​the photoelectric conversion surface that receives diffused light from the light diffusion members 12 and 12', resulting in increased power generation. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 5, in areas where the solar power generation panel units 13 and 13' are absent, a portion 14a of the diffused light widely diffused by the wave-shaped light diffusion members 12 and 12' is irradiated downwards. In areas where the solar power generation panel units 13 and 13' are present, a portion 14b of the diffused light diffused by the light diffusion members 12 and 12' is irradiated onto the photoelectric conversion surface (perovskite photoelectric film surface) of the solar power generation panels 13a and 13a', which have surfaces (photoelectric conversion surface, perovskite photoelectric film surface) that extend away from the surface of the light diffusion members 12 and 12', allowing power generation by the perovskite photoelectric film even with weak diffused light. Furthermore, in the region where the photovoltaic panel units 13 and 13' are located, a portion of the diffused light 14c diffused by the light-diffusing members 12 and 12' passes through the gap between the photovoltaic panels 13a and 13a' and is irradiated downwards. Therefore, the diffused light is irradiated to the region below either directly or by passing through the gap between the photovoltaic panels 13a and 13a', and power is generated by the perovskite photovoltaic film due to the diffused light.

[0047] Figure 6 schematically shows the configuration of a photovoltaic power generation system in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] This embodiment is an example of applying the photovoltaic power generation system of the present invention to a solar sharing system. As shown in Figure 6, in this solar sharing system, a frame (not shown) supported by pillars (not shown) is installed above cultivated land (or a cultivation tank in the case of hydroponics) or the ground 111 in which crops (cultivated plants) or trees 110 are planted. A corrugated light-diffusing member 112 that transmits and diffuses sunlight is installed on this frame, and a plurality of photovoltaic power generation panels 113a are fixedly installed below this light-diffusing member 112.

[0049] In this embodiment, each of the multiple photovoltaic panels 113a has a surface (photoelectric conversion surface, perovskite photovoltaic film surface) that extends in the same direction away from the surface of the light-diffusing member 112. Here, "direction away from the surface of the light-diffusing member 112" is the same as described in the embodiment of Figure 1.

[0050] In this embodiment, multiple photovoltaic panels 113a are provided across the entire surface of the light-diffusing member 112. As a result, photovoltaic power generation is performed by diffused light using these photovoltaic panels 113a. Since the photovoltaic panels 113a extend away from the surface of the light-diffusing member 112, the diffused light from the light-diffusing member 112 that passes between the photovoltaic panels 113a escapes downwards, irradiating the crops 110 being grown, thus enabling solar sharing.

[0051] The configuration and arrangement of the light-diffusing member 112 and the photovoltaic power generation panel 113a are the same as in the embodiment shown in Figure 1, so their explanation will be omitted.

[0052] In this embodiment as well, since the photovoltaic panel 113a extends away from the surface of the light-diffusing member 112, the area of ​​the photoelectric conversion surface that receives diffused light from the light-diffusing member 112 increases, resulting in increased power generation. Furthermore, since the photovoltaic panel 113a uses a perovskite photovoltaic film, it can be manufactured inexpensively using minerals produced in Japan, has high photoelectric conversion efficiency, and can effectively generate power even with relatively weak diffused light. In addition, since the photovoltaic panel is covered by the light-diffusing member and positioned below, it is not exposed to wind, rain, snow, direct sunlight, bird droppings, or damage caused by birds (for example, damage to the film caused by crows pecking), and there are no problems even when using a perovskite photovoltaic film that is susceptible to moisture and ultraviolet rays.

[0053] In this case, it is preferable that the multiple photovoltaic panels 113a are photovoltaic panels in which perovskite photovoltaic films are laminated on a substrate panel. Even if the perovskite photovoltaic films are thin and flexible, laminating them on a substrate panel results in a durable photovoltaic panel.

[0054] The photovoltaic panel 113a can also be constructed by laminating a silicon photovoltaic film on a corrugated substrate panel made of a metal substrate such as steel or stainless steel, or a resin substrate, and then laminating a perovskite photovoltaic film on top of that. With such a double-layered structure, the perovskite photovoltaic film is light-transmitting, and since the wavelength ranges in which the conversion characteristics are maximized differ between the perovskite photovoltaic film and the silicon photovoltaic film, both the perovskite photovoltaic film and the silicon photovoltaic film can efficiently convert incident light into photoelectric power.

[0055] The key points in this embodiment are that the light diffusing member 112 transmits and diffuses light widely in the lateral direction, the surface of the photovoltaic panel 113a, which is formed by laminating perovskite photovoltaic films (photoelectric conversion surface, surface of the perovskite photovoltaic films), is fixedly installed below the light diffusing member 112 so as to extend away from the surface of the light diffusing member 112, and the photovoltaic panel 113a is provided across the entire surface of the light diffusing member 112. As a result, diffused light spreading laterally from the light diffusing member 112 is incident on the perovskite photovoltaic films of the photovoltaic panel 113a, which has a larger light-receiving area, and electricity is generated by the perovskite photovoltaic films. In addition, the diffused light that passes between the photovoltaic panels 113a exits downwards and irradiates the area below. Furthermore, because the perovskite photovoltaic films have high photoelectric conversion efficiency, electricity can be effectively generated even when relatively weak diffused light is incident at such an angle. Furthermore, since it is covered by the light-diffusing member 112 and installed below it, it is not exposed to wind, rain, snow, direct sunlight, bird damage such as bird droppings or damage caused by birds. In addition, because diffused light passes through it, solar sharing is carried out effectively.

[0056] In this embodiment, since the solar power generation panel 113a is covered by the light diffusing member 112 and is not installed in an exposed state outdoors, it does not impair the natural landscape, and even solar power generation panels with poor resistance to the natural environment can be installed without problems. Furthermore, by using wood in the solar power generation system, it is possible to maintain a more natural landscape. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that applying a ceramic coating, such as "GAINA" manufactured by Nisshin Sangyo Co., Ltd., to the wood enhances its decay resistance.

[0057] The above describes a solar sharing system that combines solar power generation and farming (crop cultivation) on the same land. However, the solar sharing system of this embodiment can also be applied to systems that combine solar power generation with other activities on the same land, such as various jobs, reading, studying, resting, sleeping, drinking coffee, eating, sports, playing, events, free spaces, bicycle parking, parking, and all other activities.

[0058] Figure 7 shows various configuration examples of the photovoltaic power generation panel as modified embodiments of the above-described model, in cross-section along the surface of the light-diffusing member. The configurations and effects of these modified embodiments other than the photovoltaic power generation panel are exactly the same as those of the embodiment in Figure 1, so their explanation is omitted.

[0059] Figure 7(A) shows an example in which a photovoltaic panel unit 213 is composed of multiple wave-shaped photovoltaic panels 213a arranged in rows parallel to each other along the same direction (north-south direction). Each photovoltaic panel 213a has a surface (photoelectric conversion surface) that extends in the same direction away from the surface of a light-diffusing member (not shown), and a perovskite photovoltaic film is provided on both sides. For photovoltaic panels located at the boundary between the area with the light-diffusing member and the area without the member, by providing the perovskite photovoltaic film only on one side that receives diffused light from the light-diffusing member, the perovskite photovoltaic film is not exposed to damage from birds such as wind, rain, snow, direct sunlight, bird droppings, and damage by birds (for example, damage to the film caused by crows pecking at it).

[0060] These solar power generation panels 213a are fixedly installed below the light diffusion member so that the direction of the wave-shaped flow is vertical. The wave shape increases strength, allowing the use of thinner materials, and also increases the area receiving diffused light by approximately 1.2 times. The dimensions of the solar power generation panel 213a are defined as length (L) and width (W), and the installation spacing (W) is the pitch between the solar power generation panels 213a that extend parallel to each other. S This is a multiple of ). This installation interval (W S The dimensions shown are merely examples, but can be appropriately selected within a range of approximately 200 mm to 1000 mm. The height (H) is merely examples, but can be appropriately selected within a range of approximately 100 mm to 2500 mm. The other configurations and effects of the photovoltaic power generation panel 213a are the same as those of the photovoltaic power generation panel 13a in the embodiment shown in Figure 1.

[0061] Figure 7(B) shows an example in which a photovoltaic panel unit 313 is composed of multiple wave-shaped photovoltaic panels 313a arranged in rows parallel to each other along the same direction (east-west direction). Each photovoltaic panel 313a has a surface (photoelectric conversion surface) that extends in the same direction away from the surface of a light-diffusing member (not shown), and a perovskite photovoltaic film is provided on both sides. For photovoltaic panels located at the boundary between the area with the light-diffusing member and the area without the member, by providing the perovskite photovoltaic film only on one side that receives diffused light from the light-diffusing member, the perovskite photovoltaic film is not exposed to damage from birds such as wind, rain, snow, direct sunlight, bird droppings, and damage by birds (for example, damage to the film caused by crows pecking at it).

[0062] These solar power generation panels 313a are fixedly installed below the light diffusion member so that the direction of the wave-shaped flow is vertical. The wave shape increases strength, allowing the use of thinner materials, and also increases the area receiving diffused light by approximately 1.2 times. The dimensions of the solar power generation panels 313a are defined as the length (L) and width (W), and the installation interval (L) is the pitch between the solar power generation panels 313a that extend parallel to each other. S This is a multiple of ). This installation interval (L S The dimensions shown are merely examples, but can be appropriately selected within a range of approximately 200 mm to 1000 mm. The height (H) is merely examples, but can be appropriately selected within a range of approximately 100 mm to 2500 mm. The other configurations and effects of the photovoltaic power generation panel 313a are the same as those of the photovoltaic power generation panel 13a in the embodiment shown in Figure 1.

[0063] Figure 7(C) shows an example in which a photovoltaic panel unit 413 is composed of multiple flat photovoltaic panels 413a arranged in rows parallel to each other along the same direction (north-south direction). Each photovoltaic panel 413a has a surface (photoelectric conversion surface) that extends in the same direction away from the surface of a light-diffusing member (not shown), and a perovskite photovoltaic film is provided on both sides. For photovoltaic panels located at the boundary between the area with the light-diffusing member and the area without the member, by providing the perovskite photovoltaic film only on one side that receives diffused light from the light-diffusing member, the perovskite photovoltaic film is not exposed to damage from birds such as wind, rain, snow, direct sunlight, bird droppings, and damage by birds (for example, damage to the film caused by crows pecking at it).

[0064] These photovoltaic panels 413a are fixedly installed below the light-diffusing member. While the flat shape reduces manufacturing costs, it lowers strength and the area receiving diffused light. The dimensions of the photovoltaic panels 413a are defined as length (L) and width (W), and the installation spacing (W) is the pitch between the parallel photovoltaic panels 213a. S This is a multiple of ). This installation interval (W SThe dimensions shown are merely examples, but can be appropriately selected within a range of approximately 200 mm to 1000 mm. The height (H) is merely examples, but can be appropriately selected within a range of approximately 100 mm to 2500 mm. The other configurations and effects of the photovoltaic power generation panel 413a are the same as those of the photovoltaic power generation panel 13a in the embodiment shown in Figure 1.

[0065] Figure 7(D) shows an example in which a photovoltaic panel unit 513 is composed of multiple flat photovoltaic panels 513a arranged in rows parallel to each other along the same direction (east-west direction). Each photovoltaic panel 513a has a surface (photoelectric conversion surface) that extends in the same direction away from the surface of a light-diffusing member (not shown), and a perovskite photovoltaic film is provided on both sides. For photovoltaic panels located at the boundary between the area with the light-diffusing member and the area without the member, by providing the perovskite photovoltaic film only on one side that receives diffused light from the light-diffusing member, the perovskite photovoltaic film is not exposed to damage from birds such as wind, rain, snow, direct sunlight, bird droppings, and damage by birds (for example, damage to the film caused by crows pecking at it).

[0066] These photovoltaic panels 513a are fixedly installed below the light-diffusing members. While the flat shape reduces manufacturing costs, it lowers strength and the area receiving diffused light. The dimensions of the photovoltaic panels 513a are defined as the length (L) and width (W), and the installation spacing (L) is the pitch between the parallel photovoltaic panels 513a. S This is a multiple of ). This installation interval (L S The dimensions shown are merely examples, but can be appropriately selected within a range of approximately 200 mm to 1000 mm. The height (H) is merely examples, but can be appropriately selected within a range of approximately 100 mm to 2500 mm. The other configurations and effects of the photovoltaic power generation panel 513a are the same as those of the photovoltaic power generation panel 13a in the embodiment shown in Figure 1.

[0067] Figure 7(E) shows an example in which a photovoltaic panel unit 613 is composed of multiple flat photovoltaic panels 613a arranged in a grid pattern in the north-south and east-west directions. Each photovoltaic panel 613a has a surface (photoelectric conversion surface) that extends in the same direction away from the surface of a light-diffusing member (not shown), and a perovskite photovoltaic film is provided on both sides. For photovoltaic panels located at the boundary between the area with the light-diffusing member and the area without the member, by providing the perovskite photovoltaic film only on one side that receives diffused light from the light-diffusing member, the perovskite photovoltaic film is not exposed to damage from birds such as wind, rain, snow, direct sunlight, bird droppings, and damage by birds (for example, damage to the film caused by crows pecking at it).

[0068] These photovoltaic panels 613a are fixedly installed below the light-diffusing member. The grid pattern increases strength and makes them suitable for large-scale deployment. The dimensions of the photovoltaic panels 613a are defined as the length (L) and width (W), and the installation interval (L) is the pitch between the parallel photovoltaic panels 613a. S This is a multiple of ). This installation interval (L S The dimensions shown are merely examples, but can be appropriately selected within a range of approximately 200 mm to 1000 mm. The height (H) is merely examples, but can be appropriately selected within a range of approximately 100 mm to 2500 mm. The other configurations and effects of the photovoltaic power generation panel 613a are the same as those of the photovoltaic power generation panel 13a in the embodiment of Figure 1. Each photovoltaic power generation panel 613a may also be a corrugated panel.

[0069] Figure 8 schematically shows the configuration of the light-diffusing member and the photovoltaic panel portion of a photovoltaic power generation system in yet another embodiment of the present invention. The configuration and effects of this embodiment, other than the photovoltaic panel, are exactly the same as those of the embodiment in Figure 1, so their explanation is omitted. However, if the photovoltaic panel 713a of this embodiment is provided over the entire surface of the light-diffusing member 712, it cannot be applied to solar sharing.

[0070] As shown in Figure 8, in this embodiment, each of the multiple photovoltaic panels 713a has a surface (photoelectric conversion surface, perovskite photovoltaic film surface) that extends away from the surface of the light-diffusing member 712. However, in this embodiment, the lower ends of adjacent photovoltaic panels 713a are connected to each other. The perovskite photovoltaic film is formed on only one side (the upper surface) of the photovoltaic panel 713a. Because the lower ends are connected to each other, all the diffused light from the light-diffusing member 712 is incident on the photovoltaic panels 713a, converted into electricity, and used for power generation. Therefore, in the region where the photovoltaic panels 713a are present, the diffused light from the light-diffusing member 712 is not irradiated downwards. In this way, all the diffused light is incident on and used for power generation, resulting in high power generation efficiency. While it is conceivable to install a photovoltaic panel below the light-diffusing member parallel to it, the area of ​​the photoelectric conversion surface (the surface of the perovskite photovoltaic film) is larger when the photovoltaic panels 713a are arranged in a V-shape with their lower ends connected and tilted, as in this embodiment, compared to the area of ​​the photoelectric conversion surface in that case, resulting in a significant increase in power generation.

[0071] Figure 9 schematically shows the configuration of a portable photovoltaic power generation device in yet another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 9(A) is an overall perspective view, and Figure 9(B) shows the photovoltaic power generation panel in a cross-section along the surface of the light-diffusing member.

[0072] As shown in Figure 9, in this embodiment, the photovoltaic power generation system comprises at least one movable box-shaped photovoltaic power generation device 815, an energy storage device such as a battery (not shown), and a computer device for controlling power generation and energy storage operations. The photovoltaic power generation device 815 is provided with a base 812 that can be moved by a vehicle or the like, and each of its four sides is provided with a photovoltaic power generation panel 813b, each having a perovskite photovoltaic film on only one inner side. Inside the photovoltaic power generation device 815, below the light-diffusing member 812, there are multiple wave-shaped photovoltaic power generation panels 813a extending away from the surface of the light-diffusing member 812. The photovoltaic power generation panels 813a have perovskite photovoltaic films on both sides. The dimensions of the photovoltaic power generation panels 813a and 813b, such as length (L), width (W), and height (H), are set to approximately 2000 mm, for example. The pitch of the photovoltaic power generation panels 813a and 813b is the installation spacing (W S ) is just one example, but for instance, it is set to approximately 500 mm. These dimensions are appropriately set depending on the location where the photovoltaic power generation device 815 is installed, the required amount of power generation, and the capabilities of the means of transport. The detailed configuration and effects of the light diffusion member 812 and the photovoltaic power generation panels 813a and 813b are the same as in the embodiment shown in Figure 1. Such a photovoltaic power generation device 815 can be moved and installed where power generation is needed, and a large amount of power generation (three times the amount of power generation) can be expected in a small installation area. [Examples]

[0073] The light diffusion characteristics and ultraviolet transmission characteristics of the light diffusion member 12 were actually measured. The measurements were taken outdoors at noon on January 10th (sunny), March 18th (dark rain), May 4th (clear), and May 8th (light cloudy), 2024. A 585mm wide light-gathering section was fitted with a 32mm frosted polycanami® light diffusion panel, and a 1240mm wide light-shielding section was fitted with corrugated iron sheets. Illuminance and ultraviolet radiation were measured at different height positions directly below the light-gathering section and directly below the light-shielding section (1.8m below, 2.5m below, and 3.1m below the light diffusion member). Multiple TR-74Ui metering devices (7 units) manufactured by T&D Corporation were used to measure illuminance and ultraviolet radiation.

[0074] The measurement results are shown in Tables 1 and 2. In these tables, the unit of illuminance is (10,000 lx), and the unit of ultraviolet radiation is (mw / cm²). 2 ) [Table 1] [Table 2]

[0075] Tables 1 and 2 show that there was almost no difference between the illuminance directly below the light-shielding section and the illuminance directly below the light-gathering section at any height. Therefore, it was confirmed that diffused light spread widely in the lateral direction below the light-diffusing member. Furthermore, ultraviolet radiation levels were significantly lower than weather-related ultraviolet radiation at all locations, confirming that most of it was cut off by the light-diffusing member.

[0076] The embodiments described above are all illustrative and not limiting, and the present invention can be implemented in various other variations and modifications. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention is defined solely by the claims and their equivalents. [Explanation of symbols]

[0077] 10, 110 crops 11, 111 Arable land, ground 12, 12′, 112, 712, 812 Light Diffusing Members 13, 13′, 213, 313, 413, 513, 613 Solar power generation panel units 13a, 13b, 13a′, 113a, 213a, 313a, 413a, 513a, 613a, 713a, 813a, 813b Solar power generation panels 14a, 14b, 14c Part of the diffused light 815 Solar power generation equipment 816 Pedestal

Claims

1. A solar power generation system comprising: a light diffusing member provided on a frame installed above which sunlight is diffused and transmitted; and a plurality of solar power generation panels fixed to the frame below the light diffusing member, extending in a direction away from the lower surface of the light diffusing member, and installed below the light diffusing member and covering the entire lower surface of the light diffusing member, wherein the plurality of solar power generation panels are each provided with a solar power generation film on both sides or one side, and are arranged in a grid, row, or column pattern with respect to the lower surface of the light diffusing member, and is configured to generate electricity by causing light diffused and transmitted by the light diffusing member to enter between the plurality of solar power generation panels.

2. The solar power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower ends of the adjacent plurality of solar power generation panels are connected to one another.

3. The photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, comprising at least one movable box-shaped photovoltaic power generation device, wherein the light diffusing member is provided on the top surface, the plurality of photovoltaic power generation panels are provided below the light diffusing member, and photovoltaic power generation panels are provided only on one inner side of each of the four sides.

4. The photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the installation interval of the plurality of photovoltaic power generation panels is 200 mm to 1,000 mm, and the downward height can be appropriately selected within the range of 200 mm to 2,500 mm.

5. The photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the plurality of photovoltaic power generation panels are a plurality of photovoltaic power generation panels extending from the lower surface of the light diffusing member in a direction perpendicular to the lower surface.

6. The photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the plurality of photovoltaic power generation panels are a plurality of photovoltaic power generation panels that extend from the lower surface of the light diffusing member in a direction perpendicular to the ground plane.

7. The photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the plurality of photovoltaic power generation panels are a plurality of photovoltaic power generation panels having a flat plate shape, a corrugated plate shape, or an uneven shape.

8. The photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the plurality of photovoltaic power generation panels is a photovoltaic power generation panel that includes a perovskite solar cell.

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