Reinforced concrete wall structure

Abstract

To provide a reinforced concrete wall structure that can suppress cracking and damage around openings. [Solution] The reinforced concrete wall structure 1 comprises a column-beam frame 2 and a reinforced concrete wall 10 constructed inside the column-beam frame 2 and provided with an opening 11. The column-beam frame 2 comprises a pair of CFT columns 3 and an SC beam 4 connecting the upper ends of the pair of CFT columns 3. The upper wall portion 12 of the reinforced concrete wall 10 is the area between the upper edge of the opening 11 and the SC beam 4, and a roughly U-shaped end reinforcing bar 46 is arranged at the end of the upper wall portion 12 facing the opening 11.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a reinforced concrete wall structure including a column-beam framework and a reinforced concrete wall constructed inside the column-beam framework.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, it has been practiced to construct a reinforced concrete wall inside a column-beam framework composed of steel pipe columns and steel frames (see Patent Documents 1 and 2). Patent Document 1 shows a joint structure between a seismic wall made of reinforced concrete and a steel pipe column. Stud bolts embedded in the concrete of the seismic wall project from the outer surface of the steel pipe column. The steel pipe column is a concrete-filled steel pipe column filled with concrete inside. Patent Document 2 shows a column-beam framework including a pair of CFT columns, a pair of upper and lower steel frame beam members connecting the pair of CFT columns, and a reinforced concrete wall provided between the pair of CFT columns. The upper and lower steel frame beam members have a concrete body, and the concrete body of this steel frame beam member is flush with the reinforced concrete wall.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] An object of the present invention is to provide a reinforced concrete wall structure that can suppress cracking and damage around an opening in a reinforced concrete wall constructed inside a column-beam framework and provided with an opening.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0005] The first reinforced concrete wall structure (for example, reinforced concrete wall structures 1 and 1A described later) comprises a column-beam frame (for example, column-beam frame 2 described later) and a reinforced concrete wall (for example, reinforced concrete wall 10 and 10A described later) constructed inside the column-beam frame and provided with an opening (for example, opening 11 described later), wherein the column-beam frame comprises a pair of columns (for example, CFT column 3 described later) and a beam (for example, SC beam 4 described later) connecting the pair of columns. The reinforced concrete wall comprises a side wall portion between the side edge of the opening and the column, and an upper and lower wall portion (for example, the upper wall portion 12 described later) between the upper and lower edges of the opening and the beam, and the side wall portion and / or the edge of the upper and lower wall portion facing the opening are reinforced with substantially U-shaped opening reinforcement bars (for example, the end reinforcement bars 46, 47 described later) arranged along the wall reinforcement bars of the reinforced concrete wall (for example, the vertical bars 40, horizontal bars 41 described later).

[0006] According to this invention, in addition to the wall reinforcement, a roughly U-shaped opening reinforcement is placed along the wall reinforcement in the side and upper and lower wall sections around the opening of a reinforced concrete wall located inside a column-beam frame. Therefore, even if diagonal reinforcement cannot be placed at the corners of the opening 11, the stress generated around the opening of the reinforced concrete wall can be evenly distributed via the opening reinforcement. This suppresses cracking and damage around the opening and improves the strength and load-bearing capacity of the reinforced concrete wall. Furthermore, by arranging roughly U-shaped opening reinforcement bars along the wall reinforcement bars (vertical and horizontal bars), the wall reinforcement bars can be easily closed off in the side walls and upper and lower walls facing the opening. Furthermore, since the reinforcing bars for openings can be installed even after construction, construction efficiency is high, construction time can be shortened, and construction costs can be reduced.

[0007] The reinforced concrete wall structure of the second invention is characterized in that the columns are composed of steel pipe columns (for example, the steel pipe columns 20 described later), the beams are composed of steel beams (for example, the steel beams 30 described later), the reinforced concrete wall has vertical reinforcements (for example, the vertical reinforcements 40 described later) and horizontal reinforcements (for example, the horizontal reinforcements 41 described later) arranged in a grid pattern, the opening reinforcements are arranged in multiples between the vertical reinforcements or between the horizontal reinforcements, and no diagonal reinforcements are arranged in the corners of the openings located near the opening reinforcements.

[0008] According to this invention, multiple opening reinforcement bars are placed in the side walls and upper and lower walls around the opening, in addition to the wall reinforcement bars (vertical and horizontal bars). As a result, even when diagonal reinforcement bars cannot be placed in the corners of the opening due to interference from steel beams or steel pipe columns, the multiple opening reinforcement bars, in addition to the wall reinforcement bars, resist stress concentration at the periphery of the opening, thereby reducing cracks and damage around the opening.

[0009] The reinforced concrete wall structure of the third invention is characterized in that the length dimension of the portion of the side wall where the opening reinforcement bars are arranged (for example, the length dimension t3 described later) and / or the height dimension of the portion of the upper and lower wall where the opening reinforcement bars are arranged (for example, the height dimension t1 described later) is 2 times or less the wall thickness of the reinforced concrete wall (for example, the wall thickness t2 described later), and the opening reinforcement bars are arranged to cover 0.2% or more of the cross-sectional area of ​​the reinforced concrete wall.

[0010] According to this invention, the length dimension of the portion where the reinforcing bars for the opening in the side wall are placed, and / or the height dimension of the portion where the reinforcing bars for the opening in the upper and lower wall are placed, is set to be no more than twice the wall thickness of the reinforced concrete wall. Furthermore, the reinforcing bars for the opening are placed at a ratio of 0.2% or more of the cross-sectional area of ​​the reinforced concrete wall. Therefore, in addition to the wall reinforcement, the reinforcing bars for the opening resist stress concentration at the periphery of the opening, thereby reducing cracks and damage around the opening. [Effects of the Invention]

[0011] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a reinforced concrete wall structure capable of suppressing cracks and damage around an opening in a reinforced concrete wall constructed inside a column-beam framework and provided with an opening.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0012] [Figure 1] It is a front view of a reinforced concrete wall structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] It is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1. [Figure 3] It is a sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 1. [Figure 4] It is a sectional view taken along line C-C of FIG. 1. [Figure 5] It is a front view of a reinforced concrete wall structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] It is a partial front view of a reinforced concrete wall structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] It is a diagram for explaining the configuration of test specimen No. 11 used in the loading test. [Figure 8] It is a diagram for explaining the configurations of test specimens No. 12 and No. 13 used in the loading test. [Figure 9] It is a detailed view of each test specimen used in the loading test. [Figure 10] It is a diagram showing a list of factors of the test specimens used in the loading test. [Figure 11] It is a diagram showing the material test results of the steel materials and concrete used in the test specimens for the loading test. [Figure 12] It is a schematic diagram of the loading device used in the loading test. [Figure 13] It is a diagram showing the failure status of each test specimen by the loading test. [Figure 14] It is a diagram showing the relationship between the shear force and the horizontal displacement at the top of the wall of each test specimen in the loading test. [Figure 15] It is a partial front view of a reinforced concrete wall structure according to a modification of the present invention.

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0013] This invention relates to a reinforced concrete wall structure with an opening, wherein diagonal reinforcing bars are not placed at the corners of the opening, and instead, roughly U-shaped opening reinforcing bars are placed in the side walls and upper and lower walls around the opening. Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the following description of embodiments, identical components will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and their descriptions will be omitted or simplified. [First Embodiment] Figure 1 is a front view of a reinforced concrete wall structure 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view AA of Figure 1. Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view BB of Figure 1. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view CC of Figure 1. Note that Figure 1 shows the reinforcing bars embedded in the reinforced concrete wall 10. The reinforced concrete wall structure 1 comprises a column-beam frame 2 and a reinforced concrete wall 10 constructed inside the column-beam frame 2.

[0014] The column-beam frame 2 comprises a pair of CFT columns (concrete-filled steel pipe columns) 3 and an SC beam (steel-reinforced concrete beam) 4 that connects the upper ends of the pair of CFT columns 3. The reinforced concrete wall 10 is located within a structural plane enclosed by a pair of CFT columns 3 and SC beams 4. In Figure 1, an opening 11, which serves as a door opening, is provided on the lower right side of the reinforced concrete wall 10, adjacent to the CFT column 3 on the right. As shown in Figure 3, the CFT column 3 comprises a hollow steel pipe column 20 and a concrete body 21 formed by filling the inside of the steel pipe column 20 with concrete. Studs 22 are provided on the portion of the steel pipe column 20 that is in contact with the reinforced concrete wall 10. As shown in Figure 4, the SC beam 4 comprises a steel beam 30 made of H-shaped steel that connects the upper ends of the steel pipe columns 20 of the CFT column 3, main beam reinforcement 31 extending along the steel beam 30, and stirrups 32 wrapped around the main beam reinforcement 31 at predetermined intervals.

[0015] The reinforced concrete wall 10 has vertical reinforcements 40 and horizontal reinforcements 41 arranged in a grid pattern as a double reinforcement. As shown in Figures 2 and 3, width-retaining reinforcements 42 are provided at predetermined locations between the double-reinforced vertical reinforcements 40. On the left side of the opening 11, vertical reinforcing bars 43 extending vertically are placed between the vertical bars 40. Also, on the upper side of the opening 11, horizontal reinforcing bars 44 extending horizontally are placed between the horizontal bars 41. A diagonal reinforcing bar 45 is placed in the upper left corner of the opening 11. However, since the opening 11 is located adjacent to the CFT column 3 on the right side, no diagonal reinforcing bar is placed in the upper right corner of the opening 11.

[0016] Hereinafter, the upper wall section 12 is defined as the area between the upper edge of the opening 11 and the SC beam 4 within the reinforced concrete wall 10. Along the lower edge of the upper wall section 12 facing the opening (shown by the dashed line in Figure 1), multiple end reinforcing bars 46, which serve as opening reinforcement bars in a roughly U-shape, are arranged at predetermined intervals. The height dimension t1 of the portion of the upper wall section 12 where the end reinforcing bars 46 are arranged is no more than twice the wall thickness t2 of the reinforced concrete wall 10. These end reinforcing bars 46 are arranged overlapping along the vertical bars 40. Furthermore, these end reinforcing bars 46 are arranged to cover at least 0.2% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the reinforced concrete wall 10. Since there are no diagonal reinforcing bars in the upper right corner of the opening 11, these end reinforcing bars 46 serve as opening reinforcement in place of the diagonal reinforcing bars in the upper right corner of the opening 11.

[0017] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 2, approximately U-shaped end reinforcing bars 47 are arranged at predetermined intervals along the side edge of the reinforced concrete wall 10 facing the opening 11. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 3, approximately U-shaped end reinforcing bars 48 are arranged at predetermined intervals along the side edges of the CFT columns 3 of the reinforced concrete wall 10 that are in contact with the steel pipe columns 20.

[0018] This embodiment provides the following effects. (1) In the upper wall portion 12 around the opening 11 of the reinforced concrete wall 10 located inside the column-beam frame 2, in addition to the wall reinforcement consisting of vertical reinforcement bars 40 and horizontal reinforcement bars 41, approximately U-shaped end reinforcement bars 46 are placed along the vertical reinforcement bars 40. Therefore, even if diagonal reinforcement bars cannot be placed in the upper left corner of the opening 11, the stress generated around the opening 11 of the reinforced concrete wall 10 can be evenly distributed via these end reinforcement bars 46. This suppresses cracking and damage around the opening and improves the strength and load-bearing capacity of the reinforced concrete wall 10. Furthermore, by arranging the roughly U-shaped end reinforcement bars 46 along the vertical bars 40, the vertical bars 40 can be easily closed off in the upper wall portion 12 facing the opening 11. Furthermore, since the end reinforcement bars 46 can be installed even in post-construction, construction efficiency is high, construction time can be shortened, and construction costs can be reduced.

[0019] (2) Multiple end reinforcing bars 46 are placed in the upper wall portion 12 around the opening 11, in addition to the wall reinforcement (vertical reinforcement 40 and horizontal reinforcement 41). As a result, even if diagonal reinforcement cannot be placed in the upper left corner of the opening 11 due to interference by the steel materials constituting the steel pipe column 20, the multiple end reinforcing bars 46, in addition to the wall reinforcement 40 and 41, resist stress concentration at the periphery of the opening 11, thereby reducing cracks and damage around the opening 11. (3) The height dimension t1 of the portion where the end reinforcing bars 46 of the upper wall 12 are placed is set to be no more than twice the wall thickness t2 of the reinforced concrete wall 10. In addition, the end reinforcing bars 46 are placed to a ratio of 0.2% or more of the cross-sectional area of ​​the reinforced concrete wall 10. Therefore, in addition to the wall bars 40 and 41, the end reinforcing bars 46 resist stress concentration at the periphery of the opening 11, and cracks and damage around the opening 11 can be reduced.

[0020] [Second Embodiment] Figure 5 is a front view of a reinforced concrete wall structure 1A according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 shows the reinforcing bars embedded in the reinforced concrete wall 10A. In this embodiment, the opening 11A, which serves as a window opening, is provided in the central part near the upper end of the reinforced concrete wall 10A, which is different from the first embodiment. On the edge of the upper wall section 12 facing the opening (shown by the dashed line in Figure 5), multiple approximately U-shaped end reinforcing bars 46 are arranged at predetermined intervals along the lower edge of the upper wall section 12. The height dimension t1 of the portion of the upper wall section 12 where the end reinforcing bars 46 are arranged is no more than twice the wall thickness t2 of the reinforced concrete wall 10A. These end reinforcing bars 46 are arranged overlapping along the vertical bars 40. Furthermore, these end reinforcing bars 46 are arranged to cover at least 0.2% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the reinforced concrete wall 10A. Since diagonal reinforcing bars are not placed in the upper left and upper right corners of the opening 11, these end reinforcing bars 46 perform the function of reinforcing the opening in place of the diagonal reinforcing bars in the upper left and upper right corners of the opening 11. According to this embodiment, the same effects as those described in (1) to (3) above are obtained.

[0021] [Third Embodiment] Figure 6 is a partial front view of a reinforced concrete wall structure 1B according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the opening 11 is located on the left side of the reinforced concrete wall 10B in Figure 6, which is different from the first embodiment. In this embodiment, similar to the first embodiment, reinforcing bars 46 are arranged at the end of the upper wall portion 12. Furthermore, the section between the edge of the opening 11 and the CFT column 3 of the reinforced concrete wall 10 will be referred to as the side wall section 13. Along the edge of the side wall section 13 facing the opening (shown by the dashed line in Figure 6), multiple end reinforcing bars 47, which serve as opening reinforcement bars in a roughly U-shape, are arranged at predetermined intervals. The length dimension t3 of the portion of the side wall section 13 where the end reinforcing bars 47 are arranged is no more than twice the wall thickness t2 of the reinforced concrete wall 10. These end reinforcing bars 47 are arranged overlapping along the horizontal bars 41. In addition, these end reinforcing bars 47 are arranged to cover 0.2% or more of the cross-sectional area of ​​the reinforced concrete wall 10. Since there is no diagonal reinforcing bar in the upper left corner of the opening 11, these end reinforcing bars 46 and 47 serve the function of reinforcing the opening in place of the diagonal reinforcing bar in the upper left corner of the opening 11. According to this embodiment, the same effects as those described in (1) to (3) above are obtained.

[0022] [Loading test] Four test specimens were fabricated, and load tests were conducted on these specimens. Figures 7 to 9 show the shape and reinforcement diagrams of the test specimens. Four test specimens were fabricated: Specimen No. 1, Specimen No. 11, Specimen No. 12, and Specimen No. 13. Figure 7(a) is a front view and horizontal cross-sectional view of specimen No. 11. Figure 7(b) is a detailed view (horizontal cross-section) of the joint surface between the column and wall and the opening of specimen No. 11. Figure 8(a) is a front view and horizontal cross-sectional view of specimen No. 12. Figure 8(b) is a front view and horizontal cross-sectional view of specimen No. 13. Figure 8(c) is a detailed view of the joint between the CFT column and the SC beam. Figure 9(a) is a detailed view (longitudinal cross-section) of the joint surface and the opening between the SC beam and the RC wall. Figure 9(b) is a detailed view (longitudinal cross-section) of the joint between the SC beam and the RC wall. Figure 10 is a list of factors for the specimen.

[0023] Each test specimen was constructed at a 1 / 3 scale of full size, with two layers and one span. The CFT columns had a 300mm x 300mm square cross-section and a plate thickness of 9mm (STKR490). The steel beams were BH300 x 80 x 9 x 12, and the material was SM490A. The reinforced concrete walls had a wall thickness of t w 180mm, wall reinforcement ratio p s = 0.65% (Wall reinforcement: 2-D6@55). The steel beams were structured to be enclosed within the reinforced concrete walls. Studs were provided on the joint surfaces of the CFT columns with the reinforced concrete walls. Studs were not provided on the steel beams.

[0024] The differences between each test specimen lie in the shape and position of the openings. Test specimen No. 1 has no opening. Test specimen No. 11 has an opening (door opening) positioned in the center of the span, test specimen No. 12 has an opening (door opening) of the same shape as test specimen No. 11, positioned eccentrically so as to be in contact with the column, and test specimen No. 13 has an opening (equipment opening) positioned in the center of the span. In other words, test specimen No. 12 embodies the reinforced concrete wall structure of the first embodiment, and test specimen No. 13 embodies the reinforced concrete wall structure of the second embodiment.

[0025] The size of the opening was set so that the opening reduction ratio r2 in all test specimens was approximately 0.6, which is the lower limit for shear walls. In addition, the amount of reinforcement for the opening was determined according to the RC standard (design shear force Q). D Q is the short-term allowable shear force. as (Calculated using =Q2), and diagonal reinforcement was omitted where the steel beams were placed. U-shaped reinforcement (D6@55) was placed at the joints between the walls and CFT columns and at the end faces adjacent to the openings, and width-retaining reinforcement (D6@110) was placed on the left and right sides of the openings (at the four corners for No. 12, where the wall is long). Closed stirrups were placed in the steel beams. The concrete of the walls and columns was built to the target strength F c 36 N / mm 2 With a maximum aggregate diameter of 13 mm, the material test results for the steel and concrete used are shown in Figures 11(a) and 11(b).

[0026] Loading of the test specimen was performed using the loading test apparatus shown in Figure 12. Shear force was applied by repeatedly loading in alternating positive and negative directions using two servo-controlled hydraulic jacks mounted on each side of the upper stub to maintain the same load. Loading was controlled by the deformation angle R (=δ / H, δ: displacement of the loading height, H: loading point height = 2800 mm), with R=1 / 3200 and 1 / 1600 rad applied once, 1 / 800, 1 / 400, 1 / 200, and 1 / 100 rad applied twice each, and 1 / 66 and 1 / 50 rad applied once each.

[0027] Figures 13 and 14 show the test results of the loading test. Figures 13(a) and 13(b) show the failure status of each test specimen in the loading test. Figure 14 shows the relationship between the shear force Q and the horizontal displacement δ (deformation angle R) at the top of the wall for each test specimen in the loading test. In Figure 14, □ indicates an opening crack, ○ indicates a bending crack, △ indicates a shear crack, + indicates yielding of opening reinforcement, × indicates yielding of wall longitudinal reinforcement, ◇ indicates yielding of wall transverse reinforcement, ▲ indicates yielding of steel beam, ■ indicates yielding of CFT column, and ● indicates maximum load-bearing capacity. In all test specimens, delamination and displacement began to occur between the CFT columns and RC walls from the initial stage of loading. Furthermore, cracks (□) and bending cracks (〇) sequentially occurred at the corners of the openings from around R=1 / 3200rad, and the stiffness gradually decreased. At R=1 / 800rad, shear cracks (△) occurred in the left and right (left side in No. 12) side wall sections at the same height as the opening in all test specimens, and also in the boundary beam section sandwiched between the openings in No. 11 and No. 12. Subsequently, the decrease in stiffness became more pronounced as the number and length of shear cracks increased. At R=1 / 400~1 / 200rad, some of the wall transverse reinforcement yielded (◇), and the steel beams also partially yielded in tension (▲) at the beam ends and opening ends. Between R=1 / 200~1 / 100rad, the displacement between the beam and wall increased above and below the beam flange, and the decrease in stiffness became even greater.

[0028] The maximum load-bearing capacity (●) was reached at R = approximately 1 / 100 rad, and the CFT columns yielded in tension at the base of the wall around the time of the maximum load-bearing capacity (■). In all test specimens, failure such as concrete spalling due to displacement between the beam and wall occurred at the boundary beam section around the time of the maximum load-bearing capacity, but the decrease in load-bearing capacity after R = 1 / 100 rad was caused by significant shear failure in the wing wall section. The final failure mode in all test specimens was shear failure of the wall (opening of cracks and crushing of end concrete), but the load reduction was gradual because the CFT columns and steel beams restrained the wall.

[0029] Furthermore, as shown in Figures 13 and 14, even in test specimens No. 12 and No. 13, where diagonal reinforcing bars are not placed in a portion of the opening corner, the opening reinforcing bars of the present invention are placed around the opening in addition to the vertical and horizontal reinforcing bars. As a result, crack propagation at the opening corner is suppressed, and even after cracks occur, no sudden decrease in load-bearing capacity occurs. From the above, it has been found that cracks and damage can be effectively suppressed by placing the opening reinforcement bars, vertical reinforcement bars, and horizontal reinforcement bars of the present invention around the opening.

[0030] Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and any modifications, improvements, etc., that can achieve the objectives of the present invention are included within the scope of the present invention. For example, in each of the embodiments described above, the end reinforcing bars 46 were placed overlapping the vertical bars 40 in the upper wall portion 12. However, the method is not limited to this, and as shown in Figure 15, the end reinforcing bars 46 may be placed between the vertical bars 40. This improves the anchoring performance of the end reinforcing bars 46 and vertical bars 40 to the concrete compared to the case where the end reinforcing bars 46 are placed overlapping the vertical bars 40, and also improves workability during reinforcement. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0031] 1, 1A, 1B... Reinforced concrete wall structure 2... Column-beam frame 3…CFT column 4…SC beam 10, 10A, 10B... Reinforced concrete wall 11, 11A... Opening 12...Upper wall section (upper and lower wall sections) 13...Side wall section 20...Steel pipe column 21...Concrete body 22...Stud 30...Steel beam 31...Main beam reinforcement 32...Stirrups 40...Vertical reinforcement 41...Horizontal reinforcement 42...Width-retaining reinforcement 43...Vertical reinforcing reinforcement 44...Horizontal reinforcement bars 45...Diagonal reinforcement bars 46...End reinforcement bars (opening reinforcement bars) 47... End reinforcement bars (opening reinforcement bars) 48... End reinforcement bars

Claims

1. A reinforced concrete wall structure comprising a column-beam frame and a reinforced concrete wall constructed inside the column-beam frame and having an opening, The aforementioned column-beam frame comprises a pair of columns and beams connecting the pair of columns, The portion of the reinforced concrete wall between the side edge of the opening and the column is designated as the side wall portion. The upper and lower wall portions of the reinforced concrete wall are defined as the portion between the upper and lower edges of the opening and the beam. A reinforced concrete wall structure characterized in that, along the wall reinforcement of the reinforced concrete wall, substantially U-shaped opening reinforcement bars are arranged on the edges of the side wall portion and / or the upper and lower wall portions facing the opening.

2. The aforementioned column is composed of steel pipe columns, The aforementioned beam is constructed including a steel beam, The aforementioned reinforced concrete wall has vertical and horizontal reinforcement arranged in a grid pattern. Multiple opening reinforcement bars are arranged between the vertical bars or between the horizontal bars. The reinforced concrete wall structure according to claim 1, characterized in that diagonal reinforcing bars are not placed in the corner of the opening located near the aforementioned reinforcing bars for the opening.

3. The length dimension of the portion of the side wall where the opening reinforcement bars are placed and / or the height dimension of the portion of the upper and lower wall where the opening reinforcement bars are placed is no more than twice the wall thickness of the reinforced concrete wall. The reinforced concrete wall structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the opening reinforcing bars are distributed in an area ratio of 0.2% or more of the cross-sectional area of ​​the reinforced concrete wall.

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