Power system

Abstract

The present invention provides a power system capable of supplying primary adjustment power when performing power control using induced command values. [Solution] The power system S1 comprises a plurality of power control devices B1, a processing device A1, and a switching unit (setting unit 41) that switches between a first control mode for system power control and a second control mode for primary adjustment power control along with system power control. Processing device A1 includes a difference calculation unit 131 that calculates the difference between the overall target and the value of the connection point power, and a command value calculation unit 132 that calculates an induction command value. Each of the plurality of power control devices B1 includes an equipment target calculation unit that calculates the equipment target of the connected power equipment X. In the first control mode, the equipment target calculation unit calculates the equipment target using the induction command value calculated by processing device A1, and in the second control mode, it calculates the equipment target using the difference value calculated by processing device A1, while also taking into account the adjustment range, which is the power value adjusted to provide primary adjustment power.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This disclosure relates to power systems. [Background technology]

[0002] Power systems that manage multiple power control devices connected to a power grid and control the reception of power from the power grid are becoming widespread. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses an example of a power system comprising multiple power control devices and a processing device. The processing device calculates an induction command value to make the connection point power a target power. The connection point power is the power at the connection point between the power system (multiple power control devices) and the power grid. Each power control device controls its output power in a distributed manner using the induction command value calculated by the processing device. At this time, each power control device calculates a target value for the output power based on an optimization problem using the induction command value. Then, it controls the output power so that the output power becomes that target value. In this way, energy management of the power system is performed. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2020-150690 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2018-170901 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0004] General power transmission and distribution operators adjust the balance between electricity supply and demand (supply-demand balance) to ensure a stable supply of electricity. If the supply-demand balance of electricity is disrupted, the frequency of electricity supplied from the power grid will fluctuate, potentially affecting the operation of factory machinery and causing large-scale power outages. Therefore, a supply-demand adjustment market has been partially launched as a market for general power transmission and distribution operators to procure adjustment power. Adjustment power refers to electricity used for frequency adjustment and supply-demand adjustment. The adjustment power handled in the supply-demand adjustment market is classified into primary adjustment power, secondary adjustment power (1,2), and tertiary adjustment power (1,2) according to requirements such as response time and output duration. Operators that provide adjustment power in the supply-demand adjustment market must meet the requirements specified for primary, secondary, and tertiary adjustment power, respectively. For example, operators that provide primary adjustment power must have the function to detect fluctuating frequency deviations at their own end and respond to reduce the frequency deviation.

[0005] This disclosure was conceived in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to provide a power system capable of supplying primary adjustment power when performing power control using induced command values. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The power system provided by this disclosure is a power system capable of supplying primary adjustment power to a power grid while controlling the connection point power at a connection point with the power grid, comprising: a plurality of power control devices connected to the power grid via the connection point and controlling the output of connected power equipment; a processing device capable of communicating with each of the plurality of power control devices; and a switching unit that switches between a first control mode for performing system power control to bring the system power, which is the output power of the entire system excluding the primary adjustment power, to an overall target value which is a target value of the system power, and a second control mode for performing primary adjustment power control to supply the primary adjustment power together with the system power control, wherein the connection point power includes the system power in the first control mode and includes the system power and the preceding The processing device includes a primary adjustment power and a difference calculation unit that calculates the difference between the overall target and the value of the connection point power, and a command value calculation unit that calculates an induction command value from the difference value to make the system power the overall target, and each of the plurality of power control devices includes an equipment target calculation unit that calculates an equipment target which is a target value for the output power of the connected power device, and a power control unit that controls the connected power device so that the output power of the power device becomes the equipment target, and the equipment target calculation unit calculates the equipment target using the induction command value calculated by the processing device in the first control mode, and calculates the equipment target using the difference value calculated by the processing device and taking into account an adjustment range which is a power value adjusted to provide the primary adjustment power.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the power system, when the processing unit switches from the second control mode to the first control mode, it sets the induction command value to a preset initial value and transmits it to each of the plurality of power control devices.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the power system, the processing unit includes a switching countermeasure unit that receives the difference value from the difference calculation unit, and the switching countermeasure unit sets the difference value to zero and outputs it to the command value calculation unit from the time it switches from the first control mode to the second control mode until it switches from the second control mode to the first control mode.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the power system, the processing unit includes a switching countermeasure unit that receives the difference value from the difference calculation unit, and the switching countermeasure unit outputs the final difference value in the first control mode before switching from the first control mode to the second control mode to the command value calculation unit, from the time of switching from the first control mode to the second control mode until switching from the second control mode to the first control mode.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the power system, each of the plurality of power control devices stores the final value of the induction command value in the second control mode when switching from the second control mode to the first control mode, and gradually changes the induction command value calculated by the processing device from the final value of the induction command value. [Effects of the Invention]

[0011] In the power system of this disclosure, in each power control device, the equipment target calculation unit calculates the equipment target in the second control mode, which supplies primary adjustment power, by using the difference value calculated by the processing device and taking into account the adjustment range (the power value adjusted to supply primary adjustment power). With this configuration, when each power control device supplies primary adjustment power, it calculates the equipment target considering the primary adjustment power included in the connection point power, thus eliminating the discrepancy between the system power and the overall target. Therefore, the power system of this disclosure can control system power control and primary adjustment power control separately, so that primary adjustment power can be supplied appropriately. In other words, according to the power system of this disclosure, it is possible to supply primary adjustment power when performing power control using induced command values. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0012] [Figure 1] It is a diagram showing an overall configuration example of a power system according to the first embodiment. [Figure 2] It is a diagram showing a configuration example of each of a plurality of power control devices of a power system according to the first embodiment. [Figure 3] It is a diagram showing a configuration example of a processing device of a power system according to the second embodiment. [Figure 4] It is a diagram showing a configuration example of each of a plurality of power control devices of a power system according to the third embodiment. [Figure 5] It is a diagram showing a configuration example of a power control device according to a modification.

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0013] Preferred embodiments of the power system of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to the drawings. Hereinafter, the same or similar components will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and overlapping descriptions will be omitted.

[0014] FIGS. 1 and 2 show a power system S1 according to the first embodiment. As shown in these figures, the power system S1 includes a power line 90, a processing device A1, a plurality of power control devices B1, a power receiving facility C1, and a management device D1. FIG. 1 shows an overall configuration example of the power system S1, and FIG. 2 shows a configuration example of each of the plurality of power control devices B1.

[0015] The power system S1 is connected to the power grid G via a connection point Y. The power system S1 can receive power from the power grid G. Also, the power system S1 can transmit power (reverse power flow is possible) to the power grid G. In the present disclosure, when power is output from the power system S1 to the power grid G (that is, when reverse power flow is occurring), it is assumed that the connection point power becomes a positive value. On the other hand, when power is output from the power grid G to the power system S1, it is assumed that the connection point power becomes a negative value. The connection point power refers to the power at the connection point Y between the power system S1 and the power grid G.

[0016] The power system S1 performs power control such that the system power, which is the output power of the power system S1, becomes the target value of the system power (hereinafter referred to as the "overall target") through the cooperation of the processing device A1 and a plurality of power control devices B1. The power system S1 performs power control according to the operating mode, such as output suppression control, peak cut control, reverse power flow avoidance control, and schedule control. In the output suppression control, the power (sold power) output from the power system S1 to the power grid G is suppressed according to the output suppression command instructed by the power company. The peak cut control suppresses the peak value of the power (purchased power) supplied from the power grid G. In the reverse power flow avoidance control, the occurrence of reverse power flow is suppressed. The schedule control sets the output power of the power system S1 to the power value set by the user. The power system S1 performs any of these power controls according to these operating modes set in the processing device A1.

[0017] In addition, the power system S1 supplies a primary regulating power to the power grid G by adjusting the output power to the power grid G according to the frequency fluctuation of the voltage at the connection point Y. In the power grid G, when the balance between power demand and supply (supply-demand balance) is disrupted, the voltage frequency of the power grid G fluctuates. For example, when the demand in the power grid G exceeds the supply, the frequency of the power in the power grid G decreases. In this case, the power system S1 adjusts the supply-demand balance of the power by increasing the power supplied to the power grid G, thereby suppressing the decrease in the voltage frequency in the power grid G. On the other hand, when the demand in the power grid G is less than the supply, the frequency of the power in the power grid G increases. In this case, the power system S1 adjusts the supply-demand balance of the power by decreasing the power supplied to the power grid G, thereby suppressing the increase in the voltage frequency in the power grid G. The primary regulating power is the power that is adjusted in response to the frequency fluctuation for adjusting the supply-demand balance of the power. In the present disclosure, the frequency fluctuation to which the power system responds is a "very short cycle" fluctuation, such as a demand fluctuation of about several seconds to several minutes. Therefore, the power system S1 adjusts the supply-demand balance of the power grid G by supplying the primary regulating power in response to the frequency fluctuation of the voltage at the connection point Y.

[0018] Power system S1 trades primary adjustment power with a supply and demand adjustment market (not shown) using a trading system (not shown) as the trading object. The supply and demand adjustment market is operated, for example, by a general transmission and distribution company. In the supply and demand adjustment market, the time is divided into blocks of, for example, 3 hours (from 0:00 to 3:00, from 3:00 to 6:00, ..., from 21:00 to 24:00), and the adjustment power (ΔkW) for each 3-hour unit is traded as a commodity block. Note that the above 3-hour unit time is an example and may be changed according to the regulations of the supply and demand adjustment market. When power system S1 concludes a transaction with the supply and demand adjustment market, it supplies primary adjustment power to the power grid G ​​in the commodity block in which the transaction was concluded. Power system S1 does not supply primary adjustment power in time periods other than the commodity block in which the transaction was concluded. Power system S1 controls power so that the system power meets the overall target in the commodity block where a transaction has been completed, while also providing primary adjustment power. In the commodity block where a transaction has been completed, the connection point power includes the system power and primary adjustment power. Power system S1 controls power so that the system power meets the overall target in time periods other than when a commodity block has been completed, but does not provide primary adjustment power. In time periods other than when a commodity block has been completed, the connection point power includes the system power but does not include primary adjustment power.

[0019] The power load L consumes the supplied power. Power can be supplied to the power load L from the power system G and each power control device B1 via the power receiving equipment C1. The power load L includes general loads and critical loads. General loads are electrical equipment that is relatively unaffected even if the power is cut off during a disaster, such as air conditioning equipment. Critical loads are important loads that need to be supplied with power continuously even during a disaster, such as emergency elevators, electrical equipment that requires continuous operation, and building lighting. The power load L may also consist of only general loads or only critical loads.

[0020] The power line 90 constitutes the power network in the power system S1. The power system S1 is connected to the power grid G ​​by the power line 90. As shown in Figure 1, the power line 90 includes lines connecting the power receiving equipment C1 to the power load L, and lines connecting the power receiving equipment C1 to each power control device B1.

[0021] The power receiving equipment C1 comprises a switchboard and a distribution board. The power receiving equipment C1 also includes various protective devices for connecting the power system S1 to the power grid G. The power receiving equipment C1 can receive power input via power lines 90 from each of the power grid G ​​and the multiple power control devices B1. The power receiving equipment C1 can supply the received power to the power grid G, the multiple power control devices B1 and power loads L, etc. The power receiving equipment C1 can communicate with the processing unit A1.

[0022] As shown in Figure 1, the power receiving equipment C1 includes a measurement unit 31 and a communication unit 32. The measurement unit 31 is installed at the connection point Y between the power system S1 and the power grid G, and detects the connection point power. The connection point power is the system power superimposed with primary regulating power. That is, while primary regulating power is supplied, the connection point power is the sum of the system power and primary regulating power, and when primary regulating power is not supplied, the connection point power is the system power. The measurement unit 31 is, for example, a power transducer. The communication unit 32 transmits the measurement result of the measurement unit 31, i.e., the measured value of the connection point power, to the processing unit A1.

[0023] The management device D1 performs various settings for the power system S1, for example, through operations by the user of the power system S1. As shown in Figure 1, the management device D1 includes a setting unit 41. The setting unit 41 sets, for example, an overall target specified by the user of the power system S1. The setting unit 41 also sets, for example, a control mode specified by the user of the power system S1. The control modes in this embodiment include a first control mode (normal mode) and a second control mode (primary adjustment power mode). In the first control mode, power control is performed so that the system power becomes the overall target without supplying primary adjustment power. In the second control mode, power control is performed so that the system power becomes the overall target while supplying primary adjustment power. For example, the user of the power system S1 specifies the second control mode according to the time period of the product block in which the transaction was completed, and specifies the first control mode according to the time period other than the product block in which the transaction was completed. Note that the setting of the control mode (specification of the first control mode and specification of the second control mode) may be performed each time, or it may be performed automatically according to a prior plan.

[0024] When the first control mode is set, if the management device D1 (setting unit 41) sets the second control mode, the control mode is switched from the first control mode to the second control mode. Conversely, when the second control mode is set, if the management device D1 (setting unit 41) sets the first control mode, the control mode is switched from the second control mode to the first control mode. Therefore, in this embodiment, the management device D1 (setting unit 41) functions as a switching unit that switches between the first control mode and the second control mode. The management device D1 transmits information about the set control mode to the processing unit A1.

[0025] The processing unit A1 generates information (control information described later) for each of the multiple power control devices B1 to control the output power in a distributed manner. The processing unit A1 can communicate with each of the multiple power control devices B1, the power receiving equipment C1, and the management device D1. This communication may be wireless or wired. As shown in Figure 1, the processing unit A1 includes a first acquisition unit 11, a second acquisition unit 12, a generation unit 13, a receiving unit 14, and a transmission unit 15.

[0026] The first acquisition unit 11 acquires the connection point power. In this embodiment, the first acquisition unit 11 acquires the value of the connection point power (measured value) by receiving the measured value of the connection point power from the power receiving equipment C1 via the receiving unit 14.

[0027] The second acquisition unit 12 acquires the overall target. For example, the second acquisition unit 12 acquires the overall target by receiving the overall target set in the management device D1 via the receiving unit 14. In contrast to this example, the second acquisition unit 12 may acquire the overall target by receiving the overall target via the receiving unit 14 from the power company's computer (not shown) or another computer (not shown) that inputs the settings for the processing unit A1. Alternatively, the overall target may be acquired by reading the overall target stored in the storage unit (not shown) provided in the processing unit A1.

[0028] The generation unit 13 generates control information for each power control device B1 to control output power in a distributed manner. As shown in Figure 1, the generation unit 13 includes a difference calculation unit 131, a command value calculation unit 132, a switching detection unit 133, a switching countermeasure unit 134, a total capacity calculation unit 135, and an output unit 136.

[0029] The difference calculation unit 131 calculates the difference between the measured value of the connection point power acquired by the first acquisition unit 11 and the overall target acquired by the second acquisition unit 12. In this embodiment, the difference calculation unit 131 calculates the difference value ΔP as the value obtained by subtracting the value of the connection point power P from the overall target Pc (ΔP = Pc - P). The difference calculation unit 131 outputs the calculated difference value ΔP to the output unit 136 and the command value calculation unit 132.

[0030] The command value calculation unit 132 receives the difference value ΔP from the difference calculation unit 131. The command value calculation unit 132 uses the input difference value ΔP to calculate the induced command value. For example, the command value calculation unit 132 calculates the induced command value pr1(t) by solving the state equations (simultaneous differential equations) shown in equations (1) and (2) below. In equations (1) and (2) below, λ1 is the state variable, pr1(t) is the induced command value, and ε1 is the gradient coefficient. These state equations are equivalent to those described in Patent Document 1 and are set in the processing unit A1. The command value calculation unit 132 calculates the induced command value pr1 at predetermined intervals (e.g., 1 sec). The induced command value pr1 calculated by the command value calculation unit 132 is output to the switching countermeasure unit 134.

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[0031] The switching detection unit 133 detects the switching between the first control mode and the second control mode. Based on control mode setting information (information on whether the first control mode or the second control mode is set) input from, for example, the management device D1, the switching detection unit 133 detects that the system has switched from the first control mode to the second control mode, and that it has switched from the second control mode to the first control mode. The detection results of the switching detection unit 133 are output to the switching countermeasure unit 134.

[0032] The switching countermeasure unit 134 performs processing to suppress abrupt changes in the output of the power system S1 when the control mode is switched. In this embodiment, the switching countermeasure unit 134 receives an induction command value pr1 from the command value calculation unit 132, and when the system switches from the second control mode to the first control mode, it initializes the input induction command value pr1 and outputs it to the output unit 136. For example, the switching countermeasure unit 134 initializes the induction command value pr1 by setting it to 0 or a predetermined value. The predetermined value can be set as appropriate according to the set operating mode, for example, similar to the power system described in Patent Document 2. Here, whether or not the system has switched from the second control mode to the first control mode can be determined based on the detection result of the switching detection unit 133. After initializing and outputting the input induction command value pr1, the switching countermeasure unit 134 outputs the induction command value pr1 input from the command value calculation unit 132 to the output unit 136 while the first control mode is set.

[0033] The total capacity calculation unit 135 acquires information on the rated capacity of power equipment X connected from each power control device B1 via the receiving unit 14. Hereinafter, the rated capacity of each power control device B1 may be referred to as the "individual capacity". The total capacity calculation unit 135 sums up the acquired rated capacities (individual capacities) of the power equipment X and calculates the total value of the individual capacities. This total value may be referred to as the "total capacity". The total capacity calculation unit 135 outputs the calculated total capacity information to the output unit 136.

[0034] The output unit 136 outputs control information to the transmission unit 15. When the first control mode is set, the output unit 136 outputs the induction command value pr1 input from the switching countermeasure unit 134 as control information. Therefore, when the output unit 136 switches from the second control mode to the first control mode, it outputs the initialized induction command value pr1 to the transmission unit 15, and then outputs the induction command value pr1 calculated by the command value calculation unit 132 to the transmission unit 15. When the second control mode is set, the output unit 136 outputs the difference value ΔP input from the difference calculation unit 131 and the total capacity information input from the total capacity calculation unit 135 as control information.

[0035] The receiving unit 14 receives the measured value of the connection point power from the power receiving equipment C1. The receiving unit 14 receives the overall target and control mode setting information from the management device D1. The receiving unit 14 receives information on the rated capacity (individual capacity) of the power equipment X connected to each power control device B1 from each power control device B1. The receiving unit 14 may receive the measured value of the connection point power, the overall target, the control mode setting information, and the rated capacity information in a common module, or it may receive them in separate modules.

[0036] The transmitting unit 15 transmits control information input from the generating unit 13 (output unit 136) to each power control device B1. When the first control mode is set, the transmitting unit 15 receives the induction command value pr1 as control information from the output unit 136 and transmits the induction command value pr1 to each power control device B1. When the second control mode is set, the transmitting unit 15 receives the difference value ΔP and total capacity information as control information from the output unit 136 and transmits the difference value ΔP and total capacity information to each power control device B1. In the transmitting unit 15, the transmission of the induction command value pr1, the transmission of the difference value ΔP, and the transmission of the total capacity information may be done using a common module or using separate modules.

[0037] Each of the multiple power control devices B1 is connected to a power device X connected to the power receiving equipment C1, and controls the output of the power device X. In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, each power control device B1 is connected to a battery BT as the power device X, and controls the charging and discharging of the battery BT. Therefore, each power control device B1 is a battery power conditioner. In the following description, a power conditioner will be abbreviated as "PCS". In the illustrated example, one power device X (battery BT) is connected to each power control device B1 (battery PCS), but multiple power devices X (battery BTs) may be connected. The battery BT may be a secondary battery such as a lithium-ion battery, nickel-metal hydride battery, nickel-cadmium battery, or lead-acid battery, or it may be a capacitor such as an electric double-layer capacitor. Each power control device B1 (battery PCS) charges the connected battery BT by supplying power input from the power receiving equipment C1 to the battery BT. Furthermore, the power control device B1 (battery PCS) discharges the battery BT by outputting the power stored in the connected battery BT to the power receiving equipment C1. Each power control device B1 (battery PCS) controls the output power of the connected battery BT by controlling the charge and discharge rate of the battery BT.

[0038] In this disclosure, each power control device B1 is not limited to a battery PCS, but may be, for example, a solar power PCS with a solar cell connected as power equipment X, an EV station with an electric vehicle connected as power equipment X, a generator control device with a generator connected as power equipment X, or a load control device with a power load L connected as power equipment X. The solar power PCS controls the amount of power generated by the solar cell. In this disclosure, an electric vehicle refers to a vehicle that can run using an electric motor as a power source, and includes vehicles equipped with an internal combustion engine (e.g., plug-in hybrid vehicles). The electric motor operates using electricity stored in a battery installed in the electric vehicle. The EV station controls the charging and discharging of the electric vehicle. The generator converts the thermal energy of fuels such as oil, coal, and gas into mechanical energy and generates electricity using this mechanical energy. The generator may also be a power generation device that utilizes renewable energy other than solar power (e.g., wind power, hydropower, biomass, geothermal energy, etc.). While solar cells directly convert solar energy into electrical energy, generators first convert energy other than electrical energy into mechanical energy, and then convert that mechanical energy into electrical energy. A generator control device controls the amount of electricity generated by the generator. A load control device controls the power load L connected to the power receiving equipment C1, such as a building energy management system (BEMS) or a factory energy management system (FEMS).

[0039] Each of the multiple power control devices B1 receives control information from the processing device A1 and controls the output power based on the received control information (induction command value pr1, or information on the difference value ΔP and total capacity). The output power control performed by each power control device B1 includes power control to set the system power to the overall target (hereinafter referred to as "system power control") and power control to supply primary adjustment power (hereinafter referred to as "primary adjustment power control"). In this embodiment, each power control device B1 performs system power control when the first control mode is set, and performs primary adjustment power control together with system power control when the second control mode is set. For example, each power control device B1 determines that the first control mode is set when it receives the induction command value pr1, and determines that the second control mode is set when it receives information on the difference value ΔP and total capacity, but the determination of the control mode by each power control device B1 is not limited to this. For example, the control device D1 may transmit information about the set control mode to each power control device B1, and each power control device B1 may determine whether the first control mode or the second control mode is set based on the received control mode information. In primary adjustment power control, each power control device B1 measures the frequency of the output voltage at its own end and calculates the frequency deviation from the reference frequency. The reference frequency is the frequency specified in the power system G, for example, 50 Hz in eastern Japan and 60 Hz in western Japan. "Own end" refers to the output end of the output power at each power control device B1. Then, according to the calculated frequency deviation, the output power is adjusted so that the frequency deviation is reduced.

[0040] Each of the multiple power control devices B1 (battery PCS) includes a receiving unit 211, a transmitting unit 212, an equipment target calculation unit 25, and a power control unit 27, as shown in Figure 2. Unless otherwise specified, these components described below are common to each power control device B1.

[0041] The receiving unit 211 receives control information (difference value ΔP and total capacity information, or guidance command value pr1) from the processing unit A1 through communication with the processing unit A1. The control information received by the receiving unit 211 is output to the equipment target calculation unit 25.

[0042] The transmitting unit 212 transmits information about the rated capacity (individual capacity) of the power device X (storage battery BT) to the processing unit A1 through communication with the processing unit A1. The individual capacity information transmitted by the transmitting unit 212 may be stored in and retrieved from the connected power device X (storage battery BT), or it may be stored in the corresponding power control device B1.

[0043] The equipment target calculation unit 25 calculates the target value (equipment target) of the output power of the corresponding power equipment X. In the first control mode, the equipment target calculation unit 25 receives an induction command value pr1 as control information from the receiving unit 211, and uses the input induction command value pr1 to calculate the equipment target. In the second control mode, the equipment target calculation unit 25 receives information on the difference value ΔP and total capacity as control information from the receiving unit 211, and uses the input information on the difference value ΔP and total capacity to calculate the equipment target. As shown in Figure 2, the equipment target calculation unit 25 includes an adjustment range calculation unit 251, a correction unit 252, a control value calculation unit 253, a command value calculation unit 254, a reference value calculation unit 255, and a target setting unit 256.

[0044] The adjustment range calculation unit 251 calculates the adjustment range, which is the power value adjusted to supply primary regulating power. Each power control device B1 reduces the frequency deviation by supplying primary regulating power, so the adjustment range is the magnitude of the power adjusted to reduce the frequency deviation at the output terminal of the power control unit 27. The adjustment range (absolute value) can also be said to be the control target of the primary regulating power in primary regulating power control. The adjustment range calculation unit 251 calculates the adjustment range according to the frequency deviation at the output terminal of the power control unit 27. The adjustment range calculation unit 251 calculates the adjustment range in primary regulating power control. Therefore, while the first control mode is set, the adjustment range is not calculated (or the adjustment range is set to 0). The adjustment range calculation unit 251 outputs the calculated adjustment range to the correction unit 252 and the target setting unit 256. Hereinafter, the adjustment range calculated by the adjustment range calculation unit 251 will be referred to as the "initial adjustment range".

[0045] For example, the adjustment range calculation unit 251 calculates the initial adjustment range as follows. First, the adjustment range calculation unit 251 measures the frequency of the output voltage of the power control unit 27 as the output frequency using a measuring instrument (not shown). Next, the adjustment range calculation unit 251 calculates the frequency deviation of the output frequency from the aforementioned reference frequency (output frequency - reference frequency). The reference frequency is stored in the adjustment range calculation unit 251 beforehand. Next, the adjustment range calculation unit 251 calculates the initial adjustment range according to the frequency deviation.

[0046] When demand exceeds supply in power system G, the frequency of power in power system G decreases. As a result, the measured output frequency becomes smaller than the reference frequency, and the calculated frequency deviation (output frequency - reference frequency) becomes a negative value. When the calculated frequency deviation is a negative value, the adjustment range calculation unit 251 calculates an initial adjustment range of, for example, a positive value in order to increase the output power of the power control unit 27. On the other hand, when demand falls below supply in power system G, the frequency of power in power system G increases. As a result, the measured output frequency becomes larger than the reference frequency, and the calculated frequency deviation (output frequency - reference frequency) becomes a positive value. When the calculated frequency deviation is a positive value, the adjustment range calculation unit 251 calculates an initial adjustment range of, for example, a negative value in order to decrease the output power of the power control unit 27. Furthermore, when demand and supply match in power system G, the measured output frequency becomes the same as the reference frequency, and the calculated frequency deviation (output frequency - reference frequency) becomes 0 (zero). When the calculated frequency deviation is 0 (zero), the adjustment range calculation unit 251 maintains the output power of the power control unit 27 at its current level, for example, by setting the initial adjustment range to 0 (zero).

[0047] The adjustment range calculation unit 251 may calculate the initial adjustment range by considering predetermined setting items in addition to the frequency deviation. The predetermined setting items include the adjustment ratio, reference frequency, rated output and reference frequency of the power control unit 27, etc. These setting items may be stored in advance in the adjustment range calculation unit 251, or may be obtained from other components as needed. The adjustment range calculation unit 251 calculates the initial adjustment range by performing the calculation in equation (3) below, for example. In equation (3) below, P ctl_t1 F is the initial adjustment range, dF is the frequency deviation (preferably with an upper limit constraint), Pc is the rated output of the power control unit 27, and F ref is the reference frequency, and R is the adjustment ratio. In this way, by considering the setting items mentioned above, the initial adjustment range can be calculated with higher accuracy. Note that the setting items are not limited to the example above. Also, the calculation performed by the adjustment range calculation unit 251 is not limited to equation (3) below.

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[0048] The correction unit 252 corrects the initial adjustment range input from the adjustment range calculation unit 251 and outputs it as the corrected adjustment range. The correction unit 252 calculates the corrected adjustment range by multiplying the initial adjustment range by a correction coefficient. Therefore, the correction unit 252 calculates the initial adjustment range as P ctl_t1 , the adjustment range after correction is P ctl_t2 Then, with the correction coefficient K, the calculation shown in equation (4) below is performed. The correction coefficient K is the ratio of the total capacity to the individual capacity. The individual capacity is the rated capacity (individual capacity) of the power equipment X (storage battery BT) connected to the power control device B1 equipped with the correction unit 252. The total capacity is the sum of the rated capacities of the power equipment X (storage battery BT) connected to each of the multiple power control devices B1, and is received from the processing device A1 via the receiving unit 211. The correction coefficient K is calculated by taking the individual capacity in the i-th power control device B1 as W i Therefore, it is given by equation (5) below (where i is a positive integer and n is the number of power control devices B1). In other words, the correction unit 252 calculates the corrected adjustment range by multiplying the initial adjustment range by the ratio of the total capacity to the individual capacity. For example, in a configuration in which the power system S1 has two power control devices B1, the correction coefficient K is given by equation (6) below from equation (5) below, so the correction unit 252 of the first power control device B1 calculates the corrected adjustment range P by performing the calculation in equation (7) below. ctl_t2 The correction unit 23 receives the initial adjustment range as input from the adjustment range calculation unit 251 and also receives total capacity information from the processing unit A1 via the receiving unit 211. The correction unit 252 outputs the calculated corrected adjustment range to the control value calculation unit 253.

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[0049] The control value calculation unit 253 calculates the pre-adjustment control value by adding the corrected adjustment range to the difference value ΔP. In this embodiment, the control value calculation unit 253 calculates the pre-adjustment control value by subtracting the corrected adjustment range from the difference value ΔP. That is, pre-adjustment control value = difference value ΔP - corrected adjustment range. The pre-adjustment control value is the value obtained by removing the primary adjustment force included in the difference value ΔP from the difference value ΔP, and corresponds to the difference between the system power and the overall target.

[0050] The command value calculation unit 254 calculates the induced command value using the pre-adjustment control value. For example, the command value calculation unit 254 calculates the induced command value pr2(t) by solving the state equations (simultaneous differential equations) shown in equations (8) and (9) below. In equations (8) and (9) below, Px is the pre-adjustment control value (difference value ΔP - corrected adjustment range), λ2 is the state variable, pr2(t) is the induced command value, and ε2 is the gradient coefficient. These state equations are equivalent to those described in Patent Document 1 and those set in the command value calculation unit 132, and are set in the power control device B1. The command value calculation unit 254 calculates the induced command value pr2 at predetermined intervals (e.g., 1 sec). The induced command value pr2 calculated by the command value calculation unit 254 is output to the reference value calculation unit 255. In the following, in order to distinguish between the induction command value pr1 received from the processing unit A1 and the induction command value pr2 calculated by the command value calculation unit 254, the induction command value pr1 received by the receiving unit 211 as control information will be referred to as the "received induction command value," and the induction command value pr2 calculated by the command value calculation unit 254 will be referred to as the "calculated induction command value."

number

[0051] The reference value calculation unit 255 calculates a reference value (output reference value) of the output power of the corresponding power device X based on an optimization problem using an induction command value (either a received induction command value or a calculated induction command value). The output reference value is a value of the output power assumed when individual output adjustment (adjustment in primary regulation power) corresponding to the frequency deviation is not performed, and corresponds to a value of the output power for controlling the system power to the overall target. When the first control mode is set, the reference value calculation unit 255 calculates the output reference value using the received induction command value (the induction command value pr1 input from the reception unit 211). When the second control mode is set, the reference value calculation unit 255 calculates the output reference value using the calculated induction command value (the induction command value pr2 input from the command value calculation unit 254). The optimization problem used by the reference value calculation unit 255 includes an evaluation function and constraint conditions. The evaluation function is, for example, the same as that described in Patent Document 1. In the present embodiment, the reference value calculation unit 255 performs the operations of the following equations (10) and (11) derived from the evaluation function, similar to the description in Patent Document 1. In the following equations (10) and (11), P ref is the output reference value of the power control device B1, pr is the induction command value (received induction command value or calculated induction command value), pr lmt is the induction command value limit, and a1 to a4 are design parameters respectively. The induction command value limit pr lmt and the design parameters a1 to a4 are the same as those described in Patent Document 1. Then, similar to the description in Patent Document 1, the output reference value is calculated by correcting the calculation result according to the constraint conditions. The constraint conditions are the same as the constraint conditions described in Patent Document 1. Alternatively, the reference value calculation unit 255 may calculate the output reference value by solving the evaluation function under the constraint conditions. The output reference value calculated by the reference value calculation unit 255 is output to the target setting unit 256.

Equation

[0052] The target setting unit 256 sets the equipment target using the output reference value input from the reference value calculation unit 255. The equipment target is the target value of the output power of the corresponding power equipment X. In this embodiment, when the first control mode is set, the target setting unit 256 sets the output reference value as the equipment target. This is because when the first control mode is set, there is no need to consider the primary adjustment force and there is no need to take the initial adjustment range into account. On the other hand, when the second control mode is set, the target setting unit 256 uses the initial adjustment range input from the adjustment range calculation unit 251 and sets the value obtained by adding the initial adjustment range to the output reference value as the equipment target. This is because when the second control mode is set, it is necessary to consider the primary adjustment force and to take the initial adjustment range into account. Therefore, in the case of the first control mode, equipment target = output reference value, and in the case of the second control mode, equipment target = output reference value + initial adjustment range. The equipment target set by the target setting unit 256 is output to the power control unit 27.

[0053] The power control unit 27 controls the power of the corresponding power device X (hereinafter referred to as "device power") so that its output power becomes the device target. Therefore, in the example where the power control device B1 is a battery PCS, the power control unit 27 controls the charging power and discharging power of the battery BT as power device X based on the device target calculated by the device target calculation unit 25 (set by the target setting unit 256). For example, when the device target is a positive value, the power control unit 27 discharges the battery BT, and when the device target is a negative value, it charges the battery BT. In the example where the power control device B1 is a solar PCS, the power control unit 27 controls the power generated by the solar cell as power device X based on the device target. In the example where the power control device B1 is an EV station, the power control unit 27 controls the charging power and discharging power of the electric vehicle as power device X based on the device target. In the example where the power control device B1 is a generator control device, the power generated by the generator as power device X is controlled based on the device target. Furthermore, in the example where the power control device B1 is a load control device, it controls the power consumption of the power load L, which is power equipment X, based on the equipment target.

[0054] Next, we will explain the power control of the power system S1 when the first control mode and the second control mode are set, respectively.

[0055] When the first control mode is set, power control is performed in the power system S1 as follows: The processing unit A1 obtains the value of the connection point power and the overall target, and calculates the difference value ΔP. Then, using the difference value ΔP, it calculates the induction command value pr1 according to the pre-set state equations (equations (1) and (2) above), and transmits the calculated induction command value pr1 as control information to each of the multiple power control devices B1. Each of the multiple power control devices B1 receives the induction command value pr1 as control information from the processing unit A1, and uses the received induction command value pr1 to calculate the output reference value of the power equipment X to be controlled based on a pre-set optimization problem. Then, it sets the calculated output reference value as the equipment target. Once each power control device B1 has set the equipment target, it controls the output power so that the output power of the power equipment X to be controlled becomes the set equipment target. As described above, when the first control mode is set, the power system S1 performs system power control so that the system power becomes the overall target.

[0056] When the second control mode is set, power control is performed in the power system S1 as follows: The processing unit A1 acquires the connection point power value and the overall target, and calculates the difference value ΔP. The processing unit A1 also acquires the individual capacities from each power control device B1 and calculates the total capacity. Then, it transmits the difference value ΔP and the total capacity information as control information to each of the multiple power control devices B1. Each of the multiple power control devices B1 receives the difference value ΔP and the total capacity information as control information from the processing unit A1. Each of the multiple power control devices B1 also detects the frequency at the output terminal of the power control unit 27 and calculates the adjustment range according to the frequency deviation. The adjustment range is the power value adjusted to provide primary adjustment power. Then, using the difference value ΔP and taking into account the calculated adjustment range, the equipment target is set. Specifically, each power control device B1 corrects the initial adjustment range calculated by the adjustment range calculation unit 251 to the corrected adjustment range by the correction unit 252. As described above, the total capacity information is used in this correction to the corrected adjustment range. Then, the control value calculation unit 253 calculates the pre-adjustment control value by adding the corrected adjustment range to the difference value ΔP (subtracting the corrected adjustment range from the difference value ΔP). Then, using the calculated pre-adjustment control value, the induction command value pr2 is calculated using the pre-set state equations (equations (8) and (9) above). Each power control device B1 uses the calculated induction command value pr2 to calculate the output reference value of the power equipment X to be controlled based on a pre-set optimization problem, and sets the equipment target by adding the initial adjustment range to the output reference value (adding the initial adjustment range to the output reference value). Once the equipment target is set, each power control device B1 controls the output power so that the output power of the power equipment X to be controlled becomes the equipment target. As described above, when the second control mode is set, the power system S1 performs system power control with the system power as the overall target, while also performing primary adjustment force control to provide primary adjustment force in response to frequency fluctuations to reduce frequency deviation.

[0057] Furthermore, in the power system S1, when switching from the second control mode to the first control mode, the processing unit A1 initializes the induction command value pr1 using the switching countermeasure unit 134 and transmits it to each of the multiple power control devices B1. Therefore, immediately after switching to the first control mode, the induction command value pr1 is initialized, so when switching from the second control mode to the first control mode, the system operates from a state where the induction command value pr1 has been initialized. In the second control mode, since primary regulating power is supplied, the connection point power includes system power and primary regulating power. For this reason, immediately after switching to the first control mode, the difference value ΔP calculated by the processing unit A1 is the difference between the connection point power, which includes system power and primary regulating power, and the overall target. In other words, the induction command value calculated by the command value calculation unit 132 is not the value required to make the system power the overall target. Therefore, if the switching countermeasure unit 134 does not initialize the induction command value pr1, an inappropriate induction command value pr1 for the first control mode will be transmitted to each power control device B1, and the first control mode (system power control) will not start properly. In response to this situation, the power system S1 can reset the power control to its initial state and start the first control mode (system power control) by initializing the induction command value pr1 using the switching countermeasure unit 134. Therefore, it is possible to avoid transmitting an inappropriate induction command value pr1 for the first control mode to each power control device B1 and to start the first control mode (system power control) from the initial state.

[0058] When switching from the first control mode to the second control mode, the processing unit A1 switches from transmitting the induction command value pr1 calculated by the command value calculation unit 132 to transmitting the difference value ΔP calculated by the difference calculation unit 131. At this time, immediately after switching to the second control mode, the connection point power does not yet include the primary adjustment power, so the difference value ΔP calculated by the processing unit A1 is the difference between the system power and the overall target. Also, immediately after switching to the second control mode, the adjustment range (the power value adjusted to provide the primary adjustment power) is not taken into account in each power control device B1, so the induction command value pr2 calculated by each power control device B1 is approximately the same as the induction command value pr1 calculated by the processing unit A1. In other words, immediately after switching to the second control mode, the same state as the first control mode immediately before switching to the second control mode continues. Therefore, when switching from the first control mode to the second control mode, the state of the first control mode is used as the initial state, and the second control mode is started. Consequently, in the second control mode, the induction command value is gradually updated to an appropriate value for supplying the primary adjustment power. In this way, in the power system S1, when switching from the first control mode to the second control mode, the processing unit A1 does not need to initialize the induction command value pr1, and the system switches to the second control mode without the induction command value becoming inappropriate.

[0059] The operation and effects of power system S1 are as follows:

[0060] In power system S1, each power control device B1 includes an equipment target calculation unit 25. In the second control mode, which supplies primary adjustment power, the equipment target calculation unit 25 calculates the equipment target using the difference value ΔP calculated by the processing unit A1, while also considering the adjustment range (the power value adjusted to supply primary adjustment power). With this configuration, when each power control device B1 supplies primary adjustment power, it calculates the equipment target considering the primary adjustment power included in the connection point power, thus eliminating the discrepancy between the system power and the overall target. Therefore, in power system S1, system power control and primary adjustment power control can be controlled separately, enabling the proper supply of primary adjustment power. In other words, power system S1 can supply primary adjustment power when performing power control using inductive command values.

[0061] Furthermore, in the power system S1, when the first control mode is set, the equipment target calculation unit 25 calculates the equipment target using the induction command value pr1 calculated by the processing unit A1. At this time, the equipment target calculation unit 25 does not take the adjustment range into account. Therefore, in the first control mode in which primary adjustment power control is not performed, the power system S1 can properly control the system power, similar to Patent Document 1. In other words, by switching between the first control mode in which primary adjustment power control is not performed and the second control mode in which primary adjustment power control is performed, the power system S1 can properly operate power control using induction command values ​​in both cases, depending on whether primary adjustment power is supplied or not.

[0062] In the power system S1, when the processing unit A1 switches from the second control mode to the first control mode, it sets the induction command value pr1 to a preset initial value (0 or a predetermined value) and transmits it to each of the multiple power control devices B1. With this configuration, as described above, it is possible to avoid the transmission of an inappropriate induction command value pr1 for the first control mode to each power control device B1, and to perform the first control mode (system power control) from the initial state. Therefore, in the power system S1, it is possible to suppress a large discrepancy between the induction command value pr2 (calculated induction command value) before the switch and the induction command value pr1 (received induction command value) immediately after the switch when switching from the second control mode to the first control mode.

[0063] Figure 3 shows a power system S2 according to the second embodiment. Power system S2 differs from power system S1 in that it includes a processing unit A2 instead of processing unit A1. Figure 3 shows an example of the configuration of processing unit A2 in power system S2. The overall configuration of power system S2 is the same as the overall configuration shown in Figure 1, except that it includes processing unit A2.

[0064] Processing unit A2 differs from processing unit A1 in the configuration of the switching countermeasure unit 134 of the generation unit 13. The switching countermeasure unit 134 of processing unit A2 receives the difference value ΔP from the difference calculation unit 131. The switching countermeasure unit 134 sets the difference value ΔP to 0 (zero) from the time it switches from the first control mode to the second control mode until it switches back to the first control mode. In other words, the switching countermeasure unit 134 sets the difference value ΔP to 0 (zero) while the second control mode is set. Then it outputs the difference value ΔP, which has been set to 0 (zero), to the command value calculation unit 132. As a result, while the second control mode is set, the command value calculation unit 132 receives 0 (zero) as input to the difference value ΔP, so the guidance command value pr1 before switching from the first control mode to the second control mode (the final guidance command value pr1 in the previous first control mode) is output to the output unit 136. Furthermore, while the first control mode is set, the switching countermeasure unit 134 of the processing unit A2 outputs the input difference value ΔP directly to the command value calculation unit 132.

[0065] In this configuration, when switching from the first control mode to the second control mode, the induced command value pr1 calculated by the processing unit A1 (command value calculation unit 132) is held (fixed) at the final value of the first control mode before switching to the second control mode. When the difference value ΔP is 0 (zero), the fact that the induced command value pr1 calculated by the command value calculation unit 132 is held (fixed) at the final value of the first control mode before switching to the second control mode can be understood from the state equations (simultaneous differential equations) shown in equations (1) and (2) above. In other words, when the difference value ΔP is fixed at 0 (zero), the calculation result of equation (1) above becomes 0 (zero) (dλ / dt=0), so the induced command value pr1 calculated from equation (2) above does not change. Therefore, in the power system S2, when switching from the second control mode to the first control mode, power control is started by returning to the magnitude of the connection point power before the primary adjustment power was supplied. In other words, in power system S2, when switching from the second control mode to the first control mode, the output can be restored to the final induction command value from the previous first control mode, thus suppressing abrupt changes in connection point power.

[0066] The operation and effects of power system S2 are as follows:

[0067] In power system S2, similar to power system S1, in each power control device B1, the equipment target calculation unit 25 calculates the equipment target by taking into account the adjustment range (the power value adjusted to provide primary adjustment power) while using the difference value ΔP calculated by the processing device A2 in the second control mode in which primary adjustment power is provided. Therefore, power system S2, similar to power system S1, can control system power control and primary adjustment power control in the second control mode, so that primary adjustment power can be provided appropriately. In other words, power system S2 can provide primary adjustment power when performing power control using induced command values. Furthermore, power system S2, similar to power system S1, can appropriately operate power control using induced command values ​​in both cases, depending on whether primary adjustment power is provided or not, by switching between a first control mode in which primary adjustment power control is not performed and a second control mode in which primary adjustment power control is performed.

[0068] In power system S2, processing unit A1 includes a switching countermeasure unit 134. The switching countermeasure unit 134 sets the difference value ΔP output to the command value calculation unit 132 to 0 (zero) from the time of switching from the first control mode to the second control mode until the time of switching from the second control mode to the first control mode. With this configuration, the induced command value pr1 calculated by processing unit A1 (command value calculation unit 132) is held at the value of the first control mode immediately before switching from the first control mode to the second control mode (the final value of the previous first control mode) while the second control mode is set. Therefore, in power system S2, at the start of the first control mode, control can be performed with the magnitude of the connection point power before the primary adjustment power is supplied, so that abrupt changes in connection point power that may occur when switching from the second control mode to the first control mode can be suppressed. In particular, in power system S2, when switching from the second control mode to the first control mode, it returns to the state of the previous first control mode (before primary adjustment power is supplied), so the power control is not reset to its initial state. In other words, in power system S2, when switching from the second control mode to the first control mode, power control can be continued in the set operating mode.

[0069] In the second embodiment described above, the switching countermeasure unit 134 was described as setting the difference value ΔP to 0 (zero) from the time it switches from the first control mode to the second control mode until it switches back to the first control mode. In configurations different from this example, the switching countermeasure unit 134 may be configured as follows: The switching countermeasure unit 134 stores the final value of the difference value ΔP in the first control mode before it switches from the first control mode to the second control mode. Then, when it switches from the first control mode to the second control mode and then switches back to the first control mode, it may replace the difference value ΔP output to the command value calculation unit 132 with this final value of the difference value ΔP in the first control mode. In other words, when the switching countermeasure unit 134 switches from the second control mode to the first control mode, it may output the final difference value ΔP in the first control mode that it had stored to the command value calculation unit 132.

[0070] In the modified power system described above, when switching from the second control mode to the first control mode, the processing unit A2 calculates the induction command value pr1 using the final difference value ΔP from the previous first control mode. This allows the induction command value pr1 to be returned to the value before the primary regulating power was supplied, thus preventing the transmission of an inappropriate induction command value to each power control device B1 for the first control mode. In other words, even in this modified power system, control can be performed using the magnitude of the connection point power before the primary regulating power was supplied, thus suppressing the abrupt change in connection point power that may occur when switching from the second control mode to the first control mode.

[0071] Figure 4 shows a power system S3 according to the third embodiment. Power system S3 differs from power system S1 in that it has multiple power control devices B2 instead of multiple power control devices B1. Figure 4 shows an example configuration of each of the multiple power control devices B2 in power system S3. The overall configuration of power system S3 is the same as the overall configuration of power system S1 shown in Figure 1, except that it has each power control device B2. In the following, power system S3 will be described using the case where it has a processing device A1, similar to power system S1, but processing device A1 may be replaced with processing device A2 of power system S2.

[0072] Each of the multiple power control devices B2 differs from each of the multiple power control devices B1 in the configuration of its reference value calculation unit 255. The reference value calculation unit 255 of each power control device B2 includes a detection unit 255a, a storage unit 255b, a relaxation unit 255c, and a calculation unit 255d.

[0073] The detection unit 255a detects the switching between the first control mode and the second control mode. Based on control mode setting information transmitted from the processing unit A1 (information indicating whether the first control mode or the second control mode is set), the detection unit 255a detects that the system has switched from the first control mode to the second control mode, and that it has switched from the second control mode to the first control mode. In contrast to this example, the detection unit 255a may receive the detection result of the switching detection unit 133 from the processing unit A1 via the receiving unit 211, and detect the switching between the first control mode and the second control mode based on the detection result of the switching detection unit 133.

[0074] When switching from the second control mode to the first control mode, the memory unit 255b stores the final value of the induction command value pr2 in the second control mode. Based on the detection result of the detection unit 255a, the memory unit 255b can determine when switching from the second control mode to the first control mode occurs.

[0075] When switching from the second control mode to the first control mode, the relaxation unit 255c gradually changes the guidance command value pr2 stored in the memory unit 255b to the guidance command value pr1 received from the processing unit A1 in the first control mode, and outputs it to the calculation unit 255d. The relaxation unit 255c gradually changes the guidance command value by, for example, calculating equations (12) and (13) below as time changes. In equations (12) and (13) below, λ ctl This is an induction command value output from the relaxation unit 255c and input to the calculation unit 255d, λ upper λ is the received induction command value received from processing unit A1. agent is the final value of the induction command value pr2 in the second control mode stored in the memory unit 255b, and t is the elapsed time after switching detection. max This is the relaxation limit time. Relaxation limit time t max The specific value is not limited in any way, but in the example where the calculation period of the guidance command values ​​pr1 and pr2 is 1 sec, it is, for example, less than 1 min.

number

[0076] In this embodiment, the relaxation unit 255c gradually changes the induction command value by performing calculations using equations (12) and (13) above, but the change in the induction command value is not limited to the examples described above. Alternatively, the relaxation unit 255c may change the final value of the induction command value pr2 stored in the storage unit 255b by a fixed amount to obtain the induction command value pr1 (received induction command value) received from the processing unit A1.

[0077] The calculation unit 255d calculates a reference value (output reference value) for the output power of the corresponding power equipment X based on an optimization problem using the induced command value input from the relaxation unit 255c. The calculation unit 255d performs the calculations of equations (10) and (11) above, similar to the reference value calculation unit 255 of power systems S1 and S2.

[0078] The operation and effects of power system S3 are as follows:

[0079] In power system S3, similar to power systems S1 and S2, in each power control device B2, the equipment target calculation unit 25 calculates the equipment target by taking into account the adjustment range (the power value adjusted to provide primary adjustment power) while using the difference value ΔP calculated by the processing device A1 in the second control mode in which primary adjustment power is provided. Therefore, power system S3, similar to power systems S1 and S2, can control system power control and primary adjustment power control in the second control mode, so that primary adjustment power can be provided appropriately. In other words, power system S3 can provide primary adjustment power when performing power control using induced command values. Furthermore, power system S3, similar to power systems S1 and S2, can appropriately operate power control using induced command values ​​in both cases, depending on whether primary adjustment power is provided or not, by switching between a first control mode in which primary adjustment power control is not performed and a second control mode in which primary adjustment power control is performed.

[0080] In power system S3, each of the multiple power control devices B2 stores the final value of the induction command value pr2 in the second control mode when switching from the second control mode to the first control mode, and gradually changes the induction command value pr1 calculated by the processing device A1 from the final value of the induction command value pr2. With this configuration, when switching to the first control mode, the induction command value gradually changes from the final value of the calculated induction command value in the second control mode before switching to the first control mode to the received induction command value, so the connection point power changes gradually from the value immediately before switching to the first control mode. Therefore, power system S3 can suppress sudden changes in connection point power that may occur when switching from the second control mode to the first control mode.

[0081] In the third embodiment described above, the power system S3 is shown to include the processing unit A1 in the power system S1, but it is not limited to this, and instead of processing unit A1, it may include processing unit A2 in the power system S2. Alternatively, the power system S3 may include a processing unit that does not include the switching countermeasure unit 134 instead of processing unit A1. In other words, in the power system of this disclosure, when the control mode is switched, the processing in the switching countermeasure unit 134 of processing units A1 and A2 may not be performed, and the sudden change in connection point power may be suppressed by each power control device B2 alone.

[0082] In the first to third embodiments described above (including their modified forms), the processing unit A1 transmits an induction command value pr1 as control information to each power control device B1, B2 when the first control mode is set, and transmits the difference value ΔP and total capacity information as control information to each power control device B1, B2 when the second control mode is set. Unlike this example, the processing unit A1 may transmit all of the information as control information to each power control device B1, B2, including the induction command value, the difference value ΔP, and the total capacity, regardless of the set control mode (whether the first control mode or the second control mode is set). In this modified form, the equipment target calculation unit 25 of each power control device B1, B2 detects the control mode and, according to the detection result of the control mode, calculates the equipment target from the received induction command value in the case of the first control mode, and calculates the calculated induction command value in the case of the second control mode. Figure 5 shows a power control device B3 according to such a modified form. In the power control device B3 shown in Figure 5, the equipment target calculation unit 25 includes a detection unit 259. The detection unit 259 receives information about the control mode set in the management device D1 from the processing device A1 via the receiving unit 211. The detection unit 259 may also receive the control mode information from the management device D1 without going through the processing device A1. The reference value calculation unit 255 and the target setting unit 256 then calculate the equipment target using the received guidance command value if the first control mode is set, and using the calculated guidance command value (and adjustment range, etc.) if the second control mode is set, according to the detection result of the detection unit 259. The reference value calculation unit 255 switches between using the received guidance command value and the calculated guidance command value depending on the control mode, and the target setting unit 256 switches between considering or not considering the initial adjustment range depending on the control mode. Using such a power control device B3 in place of power control devices B1 and B2 will produce the same effects as the power systems S1 to S3 described above.

[0083] In the first to third embodiments described above (including their variations), an example was shown in which the management device D1 includes a setting unit 41 for setting (switching) the control mode. Unlike this example, the setting unit 41 may be provided in the processing unit A1 (A2) or in the power receiving equipment C1.

[0084] In the first to third embodiments described above (including their variations), the first acquisition unit 11 of the processing units A1 and A2 is shown to acquire the measured value of the power receiving equipment C1 as the value of the connection point power. In configurations different from this example, the first acquisition unit 11 of the processing units A1 and A2 may receive the values ​​of equipment power (output power) from each power control device B1 to B3 and the value of power consumption from the power load L via communication, and acquire an estimated value calculated from these received values ​​of equipment power and power consumption. Depending on the operating mode set in the processing units A1 and A2, either the measured value or the estimated value may be selectively used as the connection point power.

[0085] The power system relating to this disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described above. The specific configuration of each part of the power system relating to this disclosure can be modified in various ways. [Explanation of symbols]

[0086] S1, S2, S3: Power system, A1, A2: Processing unit, B1, B2, B3: Power control unit, BT: Battery, D1: Management unit (switching unit), G: Power grid, X: Power equipment, Y: Connection point, 131: Difference calculation unit, 132: Command value calculation unit, 134: Switching countermeasure unit, 25: Equipment target calculation unit, 27: Power control unit

Claims

1. A power system capable of supplying primary adjustment power to a power system while controlling the connection point power at the connection point with the power system, Multiple power control devices connected to the power system via the aforementioned connection point and performing output control of connected power equipment, A processing unit capable of communicating with each of the aforementioned plurality of power control devices, A switching unit that switches between a first control mode, which performs system power control to bring the system power, which is the total output power of the system excluding the primary adjustment force, to an overall target value, which is the target value of the system power, and a second control mode, which performs primary adjustment force control to supply the primary adjustment force, along with the system power control. Equipped with, The connection point power includes the system power in the first control mode, and includes the system power and the primary adjustment power in the second control mode. The processing apparatus includes a difference calculation unit that calculates the difference between the overall target and the value of the connection point power, and a command value calculation unit that calculates an induction command value from the difference value to set the system power to the overall target, Each of the plurality of power control devices includes: an equipment target calculation unit that calculates an equipment target which is a target value for the output power of the connected power device; and a power control unit that controls the connected power device so that its output power becomes the equipment target. A power system wherein, in the first control mode, the equipment target calculation unit calculates the equipment target using the induction command value calculated by the processing unit, and in the second control mode, the equipment target is calculated using the difference value calculated by the processing unit, while taking into account the adjustment range, which is the power value adjusted to provide the primary adjustment force.

2. The power system according to claim 1, wherein when the processing device switches from the second control mode to the first control mode, it sets the induction command value to a preset initial value and transmits it to each of the plurality of power control devices.

3. The processing device includes a switching countermeasure unit that receives the difference value from the difference calculation unit, The power system according to claim 1, wherein the switching countermeasure unit sets the difference value to zero and outputs it to the command value calculation unit from the time it switches from the first control mode to the second control mode until it switches from the second control mode to the first control mode.

4. The processing device includes a switching countermeasure unit that receives the difference value from the difference calculation unit, The power system according to claim 1, wherein the switching countermeasure unit outputs the final difference value in the first control mode before switching from the first control mode to the second control mode to the command value calculation unit, from the time of switching from the first control mode to the second control mode until switching from the second control mode to the first control mode.

5. The power system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein each of the plurality of power control devices stores the final value of the induction command value in the second control mode when switching from the second control mode to the first control mode, and gradually changes the induction command value calculated by the processing device from the final value of the induction command value.

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