Heat-shielding structure of a building

Abstract

The objective is to provide a building heat-shielding structure that can efficiently expel not only moisture and heat absorbed by the building structure, but also radiant heat to the outside. [Solution] The heat-shielding structure of building 1 comprises a laminated structure 100 formed by sequentially stacking a frame 2, a first ventilation section 3, a heat-shielding section 4, a second ventilation section 5, and a waterproof section 6, and a discharge section 7 that discharges moist air and heat from inside the first ventilation section 3 and the second ventilation section 5 to the outside. The waterproof section 6 has an air supply hole 23 for supplying outside air to the second ventilation section 5. The heat-shielding section 4 has a connecting passage 22 that connects the first ventilation section 3 and the second ventilation section 5.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a heat insulation structure for buildings such as buildings.

Background Art

[0002] As a technique for discharging moisture (humidity) and heat in the air absorbed from the interior to the outside through the frame, which is an element constituting a building such as a building, there is a technique called the "air control method" (Non-Patent Document 1). In this method, a ventilation layer made of a polypropylene sheet having an embossed structure of a lattice-arranged truncated cone called Core Cone (registered trademark) is provided between a waterproof layer that prevents water from entering from the outside and the frame that supports the inner wall (for example, the ceiling wall) of the interior. After taking in the moisture and heat absorbed by the frame into the ventilation layer, it is discharged to the outside of the building through the openings formed in the waterproof layer.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Non-Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] However, in the above prior art, although the indoor moisture and heat absorbed by the frame can be efficiently discharged, there is a problem that the absorbed radiant heat cannot be effectively removed when it reaches the waterproof layer.

[0005] Therefore, an object of the present disclosure is to provide a heat insulation structure for a building that can efficiently discharge not only the moisture and heat from the interior absorbed by the frame but also radiant heat to the outside.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] The heat-shielding structure for a building according to this disclosure comprises a laminated structure comprising a frame, a first ventilation section, a heat-shielding section, a second ventilation section, and a waterproof section in that order, and a discharge section for discharging moist air and heat from within the first ventilation section and the second ventilation section to the outside, wherein the waterproof section has an air supply hole for supplying outside air to the second ventilation section, and the heat-shielding section has a connecting passage for connecting the first ventilation section and the second ventilation section. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] According to the heat-shielding structure of the building disclosed herein, not only moisture and heat absorbed by the building structure, but also radiant heat can be efficiently discharged to the outside. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0008] [Figure 1] This is a schematic plan view of a building equipped with a heat-shielding structure according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] This is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A' in Figure 1 of a building equipped with a heat-shielding structure according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] This is a schematic perspective view showing a heat-shielding structure for a building according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0009] Next, a heat-shielding structure for a building in one embodiment of the present invention will be described using Figures 1 to 3. Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the line A-A' shown in Figure 1. In Figure 2, the X direction refers to the horizontal direction, and the Z direction refers to the direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The term "building" as used herein includes a wide range of building structures, such as commercial facilities like office buildings, apartment buildings and other multi-unit dwellings, and ordinary detached houses.

[0010] In Figures 1-3, the building 1 is composed of a laminated structure 100, which consists of a frame 2, a first ventilation section (first ventilation layer) 3, a heat-shielding section (heat-shielding layer) 4, a second ventilation section (second ventilation layer) 5, and a waterproof section (waterproof layer) 6, all stacked in that order from bottom to top. An exhaust section 7 is provided on the rooftop portion, which is the upper surface of the waterproof section 6, to discharge moisture and heat from within the laminated structure 100 to the outside of the building 1. In this specification, the combination of the laminated structure 100 and the exhaust section 7 is referred to as the "heat-shielding structure of the building." For convenience, the second ventilation section 5 and the exhaust section 7 are not shown in Figure 3.

[0011] In Figures 2 and 3, the frame 2 is one of the main structures of the building 1 and supports the interior walls (e.g., ceiling walls) of the interior (room) S. The frame 2 may be made of steel, reinforced concrete, or wood. Moisture (humidity) contained in the air inside the room S and heat inside the room S are absorbed and stored by the material of the frame 2, but if these are not released to the outside, it will lead to deterioration and corrosion of the frame 2. In the heat-shielding structure of the building 1 in this embodiment, the moisture and heat absorbed by the frame 2 can be efficiently released to the outside of the building 1.

[0012] In Figures 2 and 3, the first ventilation section 3 is composed of a hollow frustoconical core material 13, which includes a thermoplastic resin sheet body 11 and a plurality of protrusions 12 arranged regularly in a grid pattern on one surface 11a of the resin sheet body 11, forming a hollow frustoconical shape with an open bottom side 12a (resin sheet body 11 side). This hollow frustoconical core material 13 has the same structure as the Core Cone (registered trademark) provided by Ube Eximo Corporation.

[0013] The hollow frustoconical core material 13 is installed on the structure 2 with the resin sheet main body 11 facing upwards. That is, the multiple protrusions 12 are interposed between the structure 2 and the resin sheet main body 11, and the upper side 12b (sharp portion) of the protrusions 12 abuts against the upper surface of the structure 2. Moisture and heat absorbed by the structure 2 move from the upper surface of the structure 2 into the ventilation passage T1, which is the gap between the multiple protrusions 12 (arrow a in Figure 2).

[0014] The resin sheet body portion 11 has through-holes 14 that penetrate vertically. Air (outside air) supplied into the laminated structure 100 flows into the ventilation passage T1 through the through-holes 14 (arrow c). Moisture and heat that have moved into the ventilation passage T1 are carried by the airflow that entered through the through-holes 14 and sent to the discharge section 7, where they are discharged to the outside.

[0015] The heat shield section 4 is composed of an air cell member 20 unfolded in the in-plane direction and a metal sheet 21, which is a heat shield sheet made of thinly rolled aluminum and attached to the upper surface of the air cell member 20. The air cell member 20 is a heat insulating material having a layered structure containing multiple air cells (air bubbles), and is supported from below on the other surface 11b of the resin sheet main body 11. The metal sheet 21 only needs to have a predetermined heat shielding property, and metals that can be expected to have a high heat shielding effect, such as copper, silver, or titanium, can be selected in addition to aluminum.

[0016] The air cell member 20 and the metal sheet 21 have a communication passage 22 that penetrates vertically and communicates with the through hole 14 of the resin sheet body 11 and the second ventilation section 5.

[0017] The second ventilation section 5 has a ventilation passage T2 through which air passes and is located between the heat-shielding section 4 and the waterproof section 6. The vertical height of the ventilation passage T2 is approximately 2 mm. The flow path of the ventilation passage T2 is ensured by a spacer 26 interposed between the heat-shielding section 4 and the waterproof section 6. The aforementioned metal sheet 21 forms the bottom surface of the ventilation passage T2.

[0018] The waterproof layer 6 is a protective layer designed to prevent water from entering from the outside. Examples of the waterproof layer 6 include a waterproof sheet made of polyvinyl chloride, a layer of liquid urethane resin that has been applied and hardened, and so on.

[0019] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, in the vicinity of each corner portion of the waterproof portion 6, at positions along the vertical direction corresponding to the through holes 14 of the first ventilation portion 3 and the communication passage 22 of the heat insulation portion 4, a plurality (here, four) of air supply holes 23 penetrating in the vertical direction are formed. That is, the through holes 14 of the first ventilation portion 3 and the communication passage 22 of the heat insulation portion 4 are also formed in the vicinity of each corner portion of the waterproof portion 6. The air supply holes 23 are opening portions for taking in outside air into the laminated structure 100.

[0020] In FIG. 2, in the waterproof portion 6, a cylindrical air supply cylinder 24 communicating with the air supply holes 23 and opening at both the top and bottom is provided. The upper end of the air supply cylinder 24 is at a position higher than the upper surface of the waterproof portion 6, thereby preventing rainwater or the like accumulated on the waterproof portion 6 from entering the air supply holes 23.

[0021] The air supply cylinder 24 is partially covered within a predetermined range by a box-shaped cover member 25 having an open lower side. The cover member 25 prevents rainwater from entering the air supply cylinder 24 during rainfall. A gap is provided between the inner peripheral surface of the cover member 25 and the outer peripheral surface of the air supply cylinder 24, and outside air reaches the inside of the air supply cylinder 24 through this gap and is supplied into the laminated structure 100 (arrow b).

[0022] Next, the discharge portion 7 will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, two discharge portions 7 are provided adjacent to the vicinity of the substantially central portion of the waterproof portion 6 in a plan view. In FIG. 2, the discharge portion 7 includes a cylindrical exhaust cylinder 30 opening at both the top and bottom. As shown in FIG. 3, openings 50, 60, 70 through which the exhaust cylinder 30 penetrates are formed in the waterproof portion 6, the air cell member 20 and the metal sheet 21 constituting the heat insulation portion 4, and the resin sheet main body portion 11 constituting the first ventilation portion 3, respectively. The exhaust cylinder 30 penetrates through the waterproof portion 6, the second ventilation portion 5, and the heat insulation portion 4 through the openings 50, 60, 70, and its lower end opens into the first ventilation portion 3. Thereby, the lower end of the exhaust cylinder 30 communicates with the ventilation path T1. Also, the upper end of the exhaust cylinder 30 is at a position higher than the upper surface of the waterproof portion 6.

[0023] In FIG. 2, a plurality of openings 31 are formed at the position of the exhaust pipe 30 exposed in the ventilation passage T2. Thereby, the inside of the ventilation passage T2 and the exhaust pipe 30 communicate with each other.

[0024] A fan 32 is provided on the upper end side of the exhaust pipe 30. By driving the fan 32, the moist air and heat in the laminated structure 100 are sucked up through the exhaust pipe 30 and discharged to the outside of the building 1 (arrow f).

[0025] The exhaust pipe 30 is partially covered in a predetermined range by a box-shaped cover member 33 having an open lower side. The cover member 33 prevents rainwater from entering the exhaust pipe 30 during rainfall. A gap is provided between the inner peripheral surface of the cover member 33 and the outer peripheral surface of the exhaust pipe 30, and the moisture and heat sucked up from the fan 32 are discharged to the outside through this gap (arrow f).

[0026] A solar panel 34 is provided on the upper surface of the cover member 33. The solar panel 34 is connected to a drive motor (not shown) provided in the fan 32. The solar panel 34 converts light energy into electrical energy, and the generated electrical energy causes the fan 32 to rotate. The drive source of the fan 32 is not limited to natural energy, and the supply energy from a power source can also be used.

[0027] The heat insulation structure of the building 1 in the present embodiment is configured as described above. Next, a method for discharging the moist air and heat in the laminated structure 100 to the outside will be described using FIG. 2. When the fan 32 is rotated to suck the inside of the exhaust pipe 30 (arrow e), in order to keep the pressure in the laminated structure 100 constant, the same amount of air is sucked into the laminated structure through the air supply hole 23, generating an air flow.

[0028] To explain the airflow in more detail, when the fan 32 is rotated, outside air is drawn into the intake pipe 24 (arrow b). The outside air drawn into the intake pipe 24 flows into the ventilation passage T2 through the intake hole 23, and further reaches the ventilation passage T1 via the connecting passage 22 of the heat shield 4 and the through-hole 14 of the first ventilation section 3 (arrow c). The air (outside air) that reaches the ventilation passage T1 proceeds to the exhaust pipe 30 (arrow d) and flows into the exhaust pipe 30 (arrow e). At this time, moisture and heat that have moved from the building structure 2 also flow into the exhaust pipe 30 with the airflow.

[0029] The humid air and heat that flow into the exhaust pipe 30 are discharged to the outside from the top of the exhaust pipe 30 (arrow f). This allows the moisture and heat absorbed by the building structure 2 from the interior S to be efficiently discharged to the outside of the building 1.

[0030] Furthermore, some of the air that flows into the exhaust pipe 30 flows into the second ventilation section 5 through the opening 31 (arrow g). The air that flows into the second ventilation section 5 moves away from the exhaust pipe 30 (arrow g) and returns to the ventilation passage T1 again via the connecting passage 22 of the heat shield section 4 and the through hole 14 of the first ventilation section 3 (recirculation).

[0031] At this time, the radiant heat (radiated thermal energy) released from the waterproof section 6 and transmitted to the ventilation passage T2 is reflected by the metal sheet 21 and moves from the ventilation passage T2 to the ventilation passage T1 on the airflow, and then passes through the exhaust pipe 30 and is discharged to the outside (arrow f). This prevents radiant heat from accumulating inside the laminated structure 100 and allows radiant heat to be efficiently discharged to the outside. In addition, the radiant heat that was not reflected by the metal sheet 21 is suppressed by conduction and convection by the air cell member 20 that supports the metal sheet 21, and heat transfer to the lower layer (first ventilation section 3) is reduced.

[0032] As described above, the heat-shielding structure (building structure) of building 1 in this embodiment comprises a laminated structure 100 formed by sequentially stacking a frame 2, a first ventilation section 3, a heat-shielding section 4, a second ventilation section 5, and a waterproof section 6. More specifically, the heat-shielding structure of building 1 comprises a frame 2 that supports the interior walls (ceiling walls) that constitute the interior, a first ventilation section 3 (first ventilation layer) provided above the frame 2 through which air containing moisture and heat that has moved from the frame 2 passes, a heat-shielding section (heat-shielding layer) 4 provided above the first ventilation section 3 and having a heat-shielding sheet (metal sheet 21), a second ventilation section (second ventilation layer) 5 provided above the heat-shielding section 4 through which air (humid air) passes, and a waterproof section (waterproof layer) 6 provided above the second ventilation section 5. Furthermore, the heat-shielding structure of building 1 includes an exhaust section 7 that discharges air (humid air) and heat from within the first ventilation section 3 and the second ventilation section 5 to the outside.

[0033] Furthermore, the waterproof section 6 has an air supply hole 23 for supplying outside air to the second ventilation section 5, the heat shield section 4 has a connecting passage 22 that connects the first ventilation section 3 and the second ventilation section 5, and the ventilation passage T1 of the first ventilation section 3 communicates with the connecting passage 22 via a through hole 14. In addition, the discharge section 7 has an exhaust pipe 30 whose lower end opens to the first ventilation section 3 and whose upper end opens at a position higher than the upper surface of the waterproof section 6.

[0034] According to the heat-shielding structure of building 1 having the above configuration, the interior of the laminated structure 100 (first ventilation section 3, second ventilation section 5) is in communication with the outside of building 1 via the air supply holes 23, connecting passages 22, through holes 14, exhaust pipe 30, and openings 31. When the fan 32 of the exhaust section 7 is driven, the interior of the laminated structure 100 is drawn in and outside air is taken in through the air supply holes 23, thereby generating airflow in multiple directions (arrows b to g) inside the laminated structure 100.

[0035] This allows moisture and heat that have moved from the building structure 2 to the first ventilation section 3 to be carried to the outside by the airflow, and radiant heat released from the waterproof section 6 and transmitted to the second ventilation section 5 to be reflected by the metal sheet 21 and carried to the outside by the airflow.

[0036] The heat-shielding structure of building 1 of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein, and can be modified as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, a supply unit for supplying outside air to the first ventilation unit 3 may be provided instead of the exhaust unit 7, and the airflow generated inside the laminated structure 100 may be discharged from the air intake hole 23. In this case, the exhaust pipe 30 is replaced with an air intake pipe, and a fan is provided inside the air intake pipe to supply outside air. Also, the air intake hole is replaced with an exhaust hole. [Industrial applicability]

[0037] According to the present invention, not only moisture and heat absorbed by the building structure, but also radiant heat can be efficiently discharged to the outside, making it particularly useful in the construction industry. [Explanation of symbols]

[0038] 1. Building 2 skeleton 3. First ventilation section 4. Heat shield 5. Second ventilation section 6 Waterproof part 7 Discharge section 22 Communication path 23 Air intake holes 30 Exhaust stack

Claims

1. A laminated structure comprising a main body, a first ventilation section, a heat-shielding section, a second ventilation section, and a waterproof section, in that order. It comprises a discharge section for discharging moist air and heat from within the first and second ventilation sections to the outside, The aforementioned waterproof part is The second ventilation section has an air supply hole to which outside air is supplied, The heat shielding portion is Having a connecting passage that connects the first ventilation section and the second ventilation section, Heat-shielding structure of a building.

2. The heat shielding portion is The second ventilation section has a heat-shielding metal sheet that forms the bottom surface, The heat-shielding structure for a building according to claim 1.

3. The heat shielding structure for a building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the discharge section has an exhaust pipe whose lower end is open to the first ventilation section.

Images