Battery cells, batteries and power consuming devices

Abstract

The present application provides a battery cell, a battery, and a power consuming device. The battery cell includes a housing, an electrode terminal, an electrode assembly, a pressure relief mechanism, and an insulating member. The housing includes a first wall and a second wall, the electrode terminal is disposed on the first wall, the electrode assembly is disposed within the housing, and the pressure relief mechanism is disposed on the second wall. The insulating member is disposed between the first wall and the electrode assembly, and includes an insulating member body and a protrusion. The insulating member body has a first surface facing the electrode assembly, and the protrusion is formed on the first surface and abuts against the electrode assembly. An air passage is disposed in the protrusion, and the air passage penetrates the protrusion in a direction intersecting the thickness direction of the insulating member body. The battery cell has high reliability.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application claims priority to Chinese patent application CN202320612249.2, entitled "Battery Cell, Battery and Power Consumption Device," filed on March 24, 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and more particularly to battery cells, batteries, and power consuming devices. [Background technology]

[0003] Energy conservation and emission reduction are key to the sustainable development of the automotive industry. Under these circumstances, electric vehicles have become an important component of the sustainable development of the automotive industry due to their advantages in energy conservation and environmental protection. Battery technology is a key element in the development of electric vehicles.

[0004] In the development of battery technology, how to improve the reliability of batteries is a technical issue that must be resolved as soon as possible. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides a battery cell, a battery, and a power consuming device, and the battery cell has high reliability.

[0006] This application is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0007] According to a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell, the battery cell including a housing, an electrode terminal, an electrode assembly, a pressure relief mechanism, and an insulating member. The housing includes a first wall and a second wall, the electrode terminal is disposed on the first wall, the electrode assembly is disposed within the housing, and the pressure relief mechanism is disposed on the second wall. The insulating member is disposed between the first wall and the electrode assembly, and includes an insulating member body and a protrusion, the insulating member body having a first surface facing the electrode assembly, the protrusion being formed on the first surface and abutting against the electrode assembly. An air passage is disposed in the protrusion, and the air passage penetrates the protrusion in a direction intersecting the thickness direction of the insulating member body.

[0008] In the battery cell according to the embodiment of the present application, the ventilation passages pass through the protrusions in a direction intersecting the thickness direction of the insulating body, i.e., the extension direction of the ventilation passages intersects the thickness direction of the insulating body and the ventilation passages pass through the protrusions, so that when gas flows through the protrusions, it can pass through the protrusions quickly, reducing the resistance to gas flow caused by the protrusions and facilitating the gas flow.In the event of thermal runaway of the battery cell, gas can flow quickly from the gas generation region toward the pressure relief mechanism, thereby improving the reliability of the battery cell.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present application, the protrusion extends along a first direction, and the ventilation passage penetrates the protrusion along a second direction intersecting the first direction, and the first direction and the second direction intersect with the thickness direction of the insulating member body.

[0010] In the above solution, the extension direction of the ventilation passage intersects with the extension direction of the protrusion, and the extension length of the ventilation passage is short, i.e., the path that the gas takes to pass through the protrusion is short, which makes it easier for the gas to pass through the protrusion quickly and improves the smoothness of the gas flow.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present application, the protrusion includes a bottom surface and an outer circumferential surface, the bottom surface is for abutting against the electrode assembly, the outer circumferential surface is disposed around the bottom surface, the outer circumferential surface connects the bottom surface and the first surface, and the ventilation passage is disposed in the outer circumferential surface.

[0012] In the above solution, the bottom surface is a surface for abutting against the electrode assembly on the protrusion, and by abutting the bottom surface against the electrode assembly, the electrode assembly can be positioned by the insulating member and good assembly stability of the electrode assembly can be achieved. The ventilation passage is installed on the outer peripheral surface, which makes it easy for gas to pass through the protrusion and reduces the resistance to gas flow caused by the protrusion.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present application, a plurality of ventilation passages are provided in the protrusion, and the plurality of ventilation passages are spaced apart along the first direction.

[0014] In the above solution, multiple ventilation passages are installed at intervals along the extension direction of the protrusion, so that the protrusion has multiple gas flow positions, which is advantageous for gas to pass through the protrusion and improves the gas passage efficiency.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present application, the protrusions are provided in a plurality, and the plurality of protrusions are provided at intervals along the second direction.

[0016] In the above solution, since multiple protrusions are arranged at intervals along the second direction, the insulating member has high strength, the number of contact points between the insulating member and the electrode assembly is increased, and the insulating member can effectively exert a limiting effect on the electrode assembly.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present application, each of the protrusions has a ventilation passage.

[0018] In the above solution, the provision of a ventilation passage in each of the protrusions facilitates the passage of gas through the protrusions, reduces the resistance effect of the protrusions on the gas, and facilitates the flow of gas.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present application, the protrusions include a first protrusion, a second protrusion, and a third protrusion, the first protrusion and the second protrusion being located at opposite ends of the insulating member body along the second direction, and the third protrusion being located between the first protrusion and the second protrusion.

[0020] In the above solution, the first protrusion and the second protrusion are located at both ends of the insulating member body along the second direction, and the third protrusion is located between the first protrusion and the second protrusion, thereby increasing the strength of the insulating member body in the second direction, and thereby allowing the insulating member to effectively exert a limiting effect on the electrode assembly in the second direction.

[0021] According to some embodiments of the present application, the first surface, the first protrusion, the third protrusion and the electrode assembly form a first cavity by enclosing them, there is a first gap between the first protrusion and the housing in the second direction, the ventilation passage includes a first ventilation passage installed in the first protrusion, and the first ventilation passage connects the first cavity and the first gap.

[0022] In the above solution, the first surface, the first protrusion, the third protrusion and the electrode assembly form a first cavity by enclosing them, there is a first gap between the first protrusion and the housing in the second direction, and a first ventilation passage connects the first cavity and the first gap, thereby facilitating the flow of gas on both sides of the first protrusion in the second direction and reducing the resistance to gas flow caused by the first protrusion.

[0023] According to some embodiments of the present application, the first surface, the second protrusion, the third protrusion and the electrode assembly form a second cavity by enclosing them, there is a second gap between the second protrusion and the housing in the second direction, and the ventilation passage further includes a second ventilation passage installed in the second protrusion, and the second ventilation passage connects the second cavity and the second gap.

[0024] In the above solution, the first surface, the second protrusion, the third protrusion and the electrode assembly form a second cavity by enclosing them, there is a second gap between the second protrusion and the housing in the second direction, and a second ventilation passage connects the second cavity and the second gap, thereby facilitating the flow of gas on both sides of the second protrusion in the second direction and reducing the resistance to gas flow caused by the second protrusion.

[0025] According to some embodiments of the present application, the ventilation passage further includes a third ventilation passage disposed in the third protrusion, the third ventilation passage communicating the first cavity with the second cavity.

[0026] In the above solution, the third ventilation passage connects the first cavity and the second cavity, facilitating the flow of gas on both sides of the third protrusion in the second direction and reducing the resistance to gas flow caused by the third protrusion.

[0027] According to some embodiments of the present application, the protrusions include a first protrusion and a second protrusion spaced apart along the second direction, the first surface, the first protrusion, the second protrusion, and the electrode assembly form a third cavity by enclosing them, a first gap is formed between the first protrusion and the housing and a second gap is formed between the second protrusion and the housing in the second direction, the ventilation passages include a first ventilation passage disposed in the first protrusion and a second ventilation passage disposed in the second protrusion, the first ventilation passage communicates the first gap with the third cavity, and the second ventilation passage communicates the second gap with the third cavity.

[0028] In the above solution, the first ventilation passage connects the first gap to the third cavity, and the second ventilation passage connects the third cavity to the second gap, thereby facilitating the flow of gas on both sides of the first protrusion in the second direction and gas on both sides of the second protrusion in the second direction, and reducing the resistance to gas flow caused by the first protrusion and the second protrusion.

[0029] According to some embodiments of the present application, a plurality of protrusions are arranged along each of a first direction and a second direction, and an air passage is formed between adjacent ones of the plurality of protrusions arranged along the first direction and between adjacent ones of the plurality of protrusions arranged along the second direction, and the first direction, the second direction and the thickness direction of the insulating member body intersect with each other.

[0030] In the above solution, a ventilation passage is provided between two protrusions spaced apart along a first direction and between two protrusions spaced apart along a second direction, thereby improving gas flow between the first surface and the electrode assembly, reducing the resistance to gas flow caused by the protrusions and facilitating gas flow.

[0031] According to some embodiments of the present application, the insulating member body is a rectangular plate, and the protrusions extend along a first direction, which is a width direction of the insulating member body.

[0032] In the above solution, the first direction is the width direction of the insulating member body, and the protrusion extends along the width direction of the insulating member body, thereby increasing the strength of the insulating member body in the width direction of the insulating member body, and thereby allowing the insulating member to effectively exert a limiting effect on the electrode assembly in the width direction of the insulating member body.

[0033] According to some embodiments of the present application, the second wall is connected to the first wall, and a third gap is provided between the electrode assembly and the second wall, and the third gap communicates with the ventilation passage.

[0034] In the above solution, the installation of the third gap allows gas inside the housing to flow through the ventilation passage and the third gap toward the pressure relief mechanism in the event of thermal runaway of the battery cell, improving the smoothness of gas flow.

[0035] According to some embodiments of the present application, the second wall and the first wall are arranged on opposite sides in the thickness direction of the insulating member body, the housing further includes a third wall connected to the second wall and the first wall, and a fourth gap is arranged between the electrode assembly and the third wall, and the fourth gap connects the ventilation passage and the pressure relief mechanism.

[0036] In the above solution, the fourth gap allows gas inside the housing to flow through the ventilation passage and the fourth gap toward the pressure relief mechanism in the event of thermal runaway of the battery cell, improving the smoothness of gas flow. Even if a large amount of gas is generated near the electrode terminal of the electrode assembly, the gas can quickly move through the protrusion and from the fourth gap toward the pressure relief hole of the pressure relief mechanism.

[0037] According to some embodiments of the present application, the housing includes a case and an end cap, the case includes a bottom wall and a side wall, the side wall is arranged around the bottom wall, one end of the side wall is connected to the bottom wall, the other end of the side wall forms an opening, the end cap closes the opening, the first wall is the end cap, and the second wall is the side wall or the bottom wall.

[0038] In the above solution, the bottom wall is located on the side away from the end cap of the electrode assembly, and the pressure relief mechanism is installed on the side wall or the bottom wall, thereby adapting to different arrangement needs of the battery cells and facilitating pressure relief of the pressure relief mechanism.

[0039] According to some embodiments of the present application, the battery cell further includes an isolation member disposed between at least one wall other than the first wall of the housing and the electrode assembly to isolate the housing from the electrode assembly, and an exhaust groove is disposed on the side of the isolation member facing the electrode assembly and / or on the side away from the electrode assembly, and the exhaust groove extends to the edge of the isolation member.

[0040] In the above solution, the isolating member is for isolating the housing and the electrode assembly to reduce the risk of contact between the housing and the electrode assembly, and when the isolating member is installed below the electrode assembly, the isolating member also serves to support the electrode assembly, stabilizing the positioning of the electrode assembly inside the housing and reducing the risk of the electrode assembly moving. The exhaust groove extends to the edge of the isolating member, which facilitates reducing the resistance to gas flow caused by the isolating member and is favorable for gas flow.

[0041] According to some embodiments of the present application, an isolation member is disposed between the second wall and the electrode assembly.

[0042] In the above solution, the isolating member is for isolating the second wall and the electrode assembly, and the installation of the exhaust groove can facilitate the flow of gas to the pressure relief mechanism, which is advantageous for starting the pressure relief mechanism.

[0043] According to some embodiments of the present application, the battery cell further includes an insulating film wrapped around the outside of the electrode assembly for insulating and isolating the electrode assembly from the housing, the insulating film being connected to the insulating member and having a through hole formed in the insulating film, the through hole being positioned corresponding to the ventilation passage so as to communicate with the ventilation passage.

[0044] In the above solution, the through holes in the insulating film are positioned in correspondence with the ventilation passages, thereby ensuring the connection between the insulating film and the insulating member and the insulating isolation effect of the insulating film on the electrode assembly, while also facilitating the flow of gas. The gas between the insulating film and the housing can enter the ventilation passage through the through holes and flow quickly toward the pressure relief mechanism.

[0045] According to some embodiments of the present application, the insulating film is thermally fused to the insulating member.

[0046] In the above solution, the insulating film is thermally fused to the protrusion, thereby ensuring the stability of the connection between the insulating film and the protrusion.

[0047] According to some embodiments of the present application, the insulating member body further has a second surface located opposite the first surface in the thickness direction of the insulating member body, and a recessed groove is formed at a position corresponding to the protrusion on the second surface.

[0048] In the above solution, the weight of the insulating member can be reduced by forming the recessed grooves at positions corresponding to the protrusions on the second surface.

[0049] According to a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a battery, the battery including a battery cell according to any one of the above embodiments.

[0050] According to a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a power consumption device, the power consumption device including a battery cell according to any one of the above embodiments.

[0051] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be set forth in part in the description that follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the present application. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0052] In order to more clearly explain the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following provides a brief description of the drawings that need to be used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application, and should not be considered as limiting the scope. Those skilled in the art can obtain other related drawings based on these drawings without any creative efforts.

[0053] [Figure 1] 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present application. [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a battery according to some embodiments of the present application. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application. [Figure 4] 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application; [Figure 5] 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an insulating member according to some embodiments of the present application; [Figure 6] 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an insulating member body according to some embodiments of the present application; [Figure 7] 10A-10C are schematic diagrams of arrangements of protrusions and insulating member bodies according to some embodiments of the present application. [Figure 8] 1 is a cross-sectional view of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application. [Figure 9] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a battery cell according to some further embodiments of the present application. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a battery cell according to still other embodiments of the present application. [Figure 11] 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an isolation member according to some embodiments of the present application; [Figure 12] 1 is a schematic diagram of an insulating member and an insulating film according to some embodiments of the present application.

[0054] In the drawings, the figures are not drawn to scale.

[0055] Description of symbols: 100—battery, 10—casing, 11—first sub-casing, 12—second sub-casing, 20—battery cell, 21—housing, 211—end cap, 212—case, 2121—bottom wall, 2122—side wall, 213—first wall, 214—second wall, 215—third wall, 22—electrode terminal, 23—electrode assembly, 24—pressure relief mechanism, 25—insulating member, 251—insulating member body, 2511—first surface, 2512—second surface, 2513—positioning portion, 252—protrusion, 252a—first protrusion, 252b—second protrusion, 252c—third protrusion. Origin, 2521 - ventilation passage, 2521a - first ventilation passage, 2521b - second ventilation passage, 2521c - third ventilation passage, 2522 - bottom surface, 2523 - outer peripheral surface, 2524 - groove, 26 - isolation member, 261 - exhaust groove, 262 - third surface, 263 - fourth surface, 27 - insulating film, 271 - through hole, 28 - adapter, 200 - controller, 300 - motor, 1000 - vehicle, Q1 - first cavity, Q2 - first gap, Q3 - second cavity, Q4 - second gap, Q5 - third cavity, Q6 - third gap, Q7 - fourth gap. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0056] In order to clarify the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without any creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0057] Unless otherwise defined, all scientific and technical terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art. The terms used in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the application. The terms "comprises," "has," and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above drawings are intended to cover a non-exclusive "comprise." Terms such as "first," "second," etc. in the specification and claims of this application or the above drawings are intended to distinguish different objects and are not intended to describe a specific order or a primary-subordinate relationship.

[0058] The term "embodiment" in this application means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment, nor are they mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiments. Those skilled in the art can explicitly or implicitly understand that the embodiment described in this application can be combined with other embodiments.

[0059] It should be noted that in the description of this application, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "attached," "connected," "coupled," and "attached" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, to mean fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, or to mean a direct connection, an indirect connection via an intermediate, or an internal connection between two elements. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0060] The term "and / or" in this application merely describes the relationship between related objects and indicates that three relationships may exist, for example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A alone, a combination of A and B, and B alone. Also, the character " / " in this application generally indicates that the related objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0061] As used herein, "plurality" means two or more (including two). Similarly, "groups" means two or more groups (including two groups), and "plurality" means two or more (including two).

[0062] In some embodiments, the battery may be a battery module, and in the case of a plurality of battery cells, the plurality of battery cells are arranged side by side and secured together to form a battery module.

[0063] In some embodiments, the battery may be a battery pack, which includes a housing and battery cells, and the battery cells or modules are housed in the housing.

[0064] In some embodiments, the housing may be part of a chassis structure of a vehicle, for example, a portion of the housing may form at least a portion of the floor of the vehicle, or a portion of the housing may form at least a portion of the cross beams and longitudinal beams of the vehicle.

[0065] In some embodiments, the battery may be an energy storage device, including an energy storage container, an energy storage cabinet, or the like.

[0066] In the embodiments of the present application, the battery cell may be a secondary battery, which refers to a battery cell that can be continuously used after being discharged by activating the active material through a charging method.

[0067] The battery cells may be lithium ion batteries, sodium ion batteries, sodium lithium ion batteries, lithium metal batteries, sodium metal batteries, lithium sulfur batteries, magnesium ion batteries, nickel metal hydride batteries, nickel cadmium batteries, lead acid batteries, etc., and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0068] A battery cell generally includes an electrode assembly. The electrode assembly includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator. During the charge and discharge process of the battery cell, active ions (e.g., lithium ions) shuttle between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, intercalating and deintercalating. The separator, located between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, prevents short-circuiting between the positive and negative electrodes and allows the active ions to pass through.

[0069] In some embodiments, the positive electrode may be a positive plate, which may include a positive current collector and a positive active material disposed on at least one surface of the positive current collector.

[0070] As an example, the positive electrode current collector has two surfaces that are opposite to each other in the thickness direction of the positive electrode current collector, and the positive electrode active material is disposed on either or both of the two opposite surfaces of the positive electrode current collector.

[0071] For example, the positive electrode current collector may be a metal foil sheet or a composite current collector. For example, the metal foil sheet may be made of silver-surface-treated aluminum or stainless steel, stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, graphite, carbon, nickel, or titanium. The composite current collector may include a polymer base layer and a metal layer. The composite current collector may be formed by forming a metal material (such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, nickel, nickel alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, silver, or silver alloy) on a polymer substrate (such as a substrate of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polystyrene, or polyethylene).

[0072] As an example, the positive electrode active material may include at least one of a lithium-containing phosphate, a lithium transition metal oxide, and a modified compound thereof, but the present application is not limited to these materials and may also use other conventional materials that can be used as positive electrode active materials in batteries.

[0073] In some examples, the negative electrode may be a negative electrode piece, and the negative electrode piece may include a negative electrode current collector.

[0074] For example, the negative electrode current collector may be a metal foil sheet or a composite current collector, such as silver-surface-treated aluminum or stainless steel, stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, a carbon electrode, carbon, nickel, or titanium.

[0075] In some embodiments, the negative electrode current collector has two surfaces that are opposite to each other in the thickness direction of the negative electrode current collector, and the negative electrode active material is disposed on one or both of the two opposite surfaces of the negative electrode current collector.

[0076] For example, the negative electrode active material may be a battery negative electrode active material well known in the art. For example, the negative electrode active material may include at least one of artificial graphite, natural graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, a silicon-based material, a tin-based material, and lithium titanate. The silicon-based material may be selected from at least one of silicon elemental, silicon oxide, silicon carbon composite, silicon nitrogen composite, and silicon alloy. The tin-based material may be selected from at least one of tin elemental, tin oxide, and tin alloy. However, the present application is not limited to these materials, and other conventional materials usable as battery negative electrode active materials may also be used. These negative electrode active materials may be used alone or in combination.

[0077] In some embodiments, the isolating member is a separator. The present application does not particularly limit the type of separator, and any separator with a well-known porous structure having good chemical and mechanical stability may be selected.

[0078] For example, the main material of the separator may be selected from at least one of glass fiber, nonwoven fabric, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, and ceramics. The separator may be a single-layer thin film or a multi-layer composite thin film, without any particular limitations. When the separator is a multi-layer composite thin film, the materials of each layer may be the same or different, without any particular limitations. The separator may be located between the positive and negative electrodes as a separate component, or may be attached to the surfaces of the positive and negative electrodes.

[0079] In some embodiments, the separator is a solid electrolyte, which is disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode and serves both to transport ions and to separate the positive and negative electrodes.

[0080] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly is a wound structure, in which the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode piece are wound to form the wound structure.

[0081] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly is a laminate structure.

[0082] In some embodiments, the battery cell may include a housing for packaging components such as the electrode assembly and the electrolyte. The housing may be a steel case, an aluminum case, a plastic case (e.g., polypropylene), a composite metal case (e.g., a copper-aluminum composite case), an aluminum laminate film, or the like.

[0083] In some embodiments, the housing includes an end cap and a case, and an opening is provided in the case, and the end cap closes the opening to form a sealed space for containing the electrode assembly and substances such as an electrolyte. One or more openings may be provided in the case. One or more end caps may be provided.

[0084] In some embodiments, at least one electrode terminal is provided on the housing, and the electrode terminal is electrically connected to a tab of the electrode assembly. The electrode terminal may be directly connected to the tab or indirectly connected to the tab via an adapter. The electrode terminal may be provided on an end cap or on the case.

[0085] In some embodiments, the housing is provided with an explosion-proof valve for venting internal pressure of the battery cells.

[0086] For example, the battery cells may be cylindrical battery cells, prismatic battery cells, soft-pack battery cells, or battery cells of other shapes, and the prismatic battery cells include square-shell battery cells, blade-type battery cells, and polygonal prismatic batteries, and the polygonal prismatic batteries include, for example, hexagonal prismatic batteries, etc., and the embodiments of the present application are not particularly limited.

[0087] The battery cell further includes a pressure relief mechanism, which is installed in the end cap and can relieve the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell.

[0088] The development of battery technology requires simultaneous consideration of a wide range of design factors, including performance parameters such as energy density, discharge capacity, and charge / discharge rate, as well as battery safety.

[0089] In some embodiments, the end caps of the battery cell are welded to the case, the insulating member is installed on a side of the end cap facing the inside of the battery cell, and the insulating member has a protrusion on a side facing the electrode assembly, which abuts against the electrode assembly to limit movement of the electrode assembly. If the battery cell experiences thermal runaway due to a short circuit between the positive and negative electrodes, overcharging, or other reasons, a localized region inside the battery cell will experience thermal runaway, resulting in a large amount of gas being generated in that localized region, causing a rapid rise in gas pressure in that region. The resistance of the protrusion reduces the gas flow on both sides of the protrusion, thereby reducing the amount of gas flowing toward the pressure relief mechanism inside the battery cell. This prevents the gas generated in the region with the largest amount of gas from quickly flowing to the pressure relief mechanism, causing the gas to impact the nearby case, cracking the weld between the case and the end cap, and reducing the reliability of the battery cell.

[0090] In view of this, in order to solve the problem of poor gas flow inside the battery cell resulting in poor reliability of the battery cell, the present application designs a technical solution, in which the insulating member includes an insulating member body and a protrusion, the protrusion is formed on a first surface of the insulating member body facing the electrode assembly, and a ventilation passage is provided in the protrusion, the ventilation passage penetrates the protrusion in a direction intersecting the thickness direction of the insulating member body, which is advantageous for gas to flow in the direction intersecting the thickness direction of the insulating member body and pass through the protrusion, which reduces the resistance to gas flow caused by the protrusion, improves the smoothness of gas flow, and makes it easier for gas to flow toward the pressure relief mechanism.

[0091] In this battery cell, the ventilation passages pass through the protrusions in a direction intersecting the thickness direction of the insulating body, i.e., the extension direction of the ventilation passages intersects the thickness direction of the insulating body and the ventilation passages pass through the protrusions. This allows gas to pass through the protrusions quickly through the ventilation passages, reducing the resistance to gas flow caused by the protrusions and facilitating gas flow. In the event of thermal runaway, gas can flow quickly from the gas-generating region toward the pressure relief mechanism, facilitating timely start-up (operation) of the pressure relief mechanism. Furthermore, after the pressure relief holes are formed in the pressure relief mechanism, the gas can be quickly released, reducing the risk of cracking and failure of the housing connections and improving the reliability of the battery cell.

[0092] The battery cells disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be used in power consumption devices such as, but not limited to, vehicles, ships, and aircraft, etc. A power supply system including the battery cells, batteries, etc. disclosed in the present application may also be used to configure the power consumption device.

[0093] An embodiment of the present application provides a power-consuming device that uses a battery as a power source, and the power-consuming device may be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a laptop, an electric toy, an electric tool, an electric bicycle, an electric motorcycle, an electric car, a steamship, a spacecraft, etc. Here, the electric toy may include a stationary or mobile electric toy, such as a game console, an electric car toy, an electric steamship toy, an electric plane toy, etc., and the spacecraft may include an airplane, a rocket, a space shuttle, a spaceship, etc.

[0094] In the following embodiment, for convenience of explanation, the power consuming device in one embodiment of the present application is a vehicle 1000 as an example.

[0095] Please refer to FIG. 1, which is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present application. The vehicle 1000 may be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a natural gas-powered vehicle, or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, a range-extender vehicle, etc. A battery 100 is installed inside the vehicle 1000, and the battery 100 can be installed at the bottom, front, or rear of the vehicle 1000. The battery 100 can be used to power the vehicle 1000. For example, the battery 100 can be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 and for the electrical circuit system of the vehicle 1000, such as for the operating power needs of the vehicle 1000 during starting, navigation, and driving.

[0096] The vehicle 1000 may further include a controller 200 and a motor 300, where the controller 200 controls the battery 100 to power the motor 300 for use in, for example, starting, navigating, and running the vehicle 1000 for its operating power needs.

[0097] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery 100 can be used not only as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000, but also as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000, providing driving power to the vehicle 1000 in place of, or in place of, gasoline or natural gas.

[0098] Please refer to FIG. 2, which is an exploded view of a battery according to some embodiments of the present application. The battery 100 includes a housing 10 and battery cells 20, and the battery cells 20 are housed within the housing 10. Here, the housing 10 is for providing a housing space for the battery cells 20, and the housing 10 may have various structures. In some embodiments, the housing 10 may include a first sub-housing 11 and a second sub-housing 12, and the first sub-housing 11 and the second sub-housing 12 are arranged to cover each other, and the first sub-housing 11 and the second sub-housing 12 jointly define a housing space for housing the battery cells 20. The second sub-housing 12 may have a hollow structure with one end open, and the first sub-housing 11 may have a plate-like structure, with the first sub-housing 11 arranged to cover the open side of the second sub-housing 12, so that the first sub-housing 11 and the second sub-housing 12 jointly define an accommodating space, and the first sub-housing 11 and the second sub-housing 12 may both have a hollow structure with one end open, with the open side of the first sub-housing 11 arranged to cover the open side of the second sub-housing 12.

[0099] The battery 100 may include a plurality of battery cells 20, and the plurality of battery cells 20 may be connected in series, parallel, or series-parallel, where series-parallel connection includes both series and parallel connections of the plurality of battery cells 20. The plurality of battery cells 20 may be directly connected in series, parallel, or series-parallel, and then the entire battery cell set may be housed within the housing 10. Of course, the battery 100 may also be formed by first connecting the plurality of battery cells 20 in series, parallel, or series-parallel to form a battery module, and then connecting the plurality of battery modules in series, parallel, or series-parallel to form the entire battery module and housed within the housing 10. The battery 100 may further include other structures, for example, the battery 100 may further include bus bar members for achieving electrical connection between the plurality of battery cells 20.

[0100] Here, the battery cell 20 may be a secondary battery or a primary battery, and the battery cell 20 may also be, but is not limited to, a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery.

[0101] 3 to 6, where Fig. 3 is an exploded view of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application, Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application, Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of an insulating member according to some embodiments of the present application, and Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of an insulating member body according to some embodiments of the present application. According to some embodiments of the present application, the present application provides a battery cell 20, which includes a housing 21, an electrode terminal 22, an electrode assembly 23, a pressure relief mechanism 24, and an insulating member 25. The housing 21 includes a first wall 213 and a second wall 214, the electrode terminal 22 is disposed on the first wall 213, the electrode assembly 23 is disposed in the housing 21, and the pressure relief mechanism 24 is disposed on the second wall 214. The insulating member 25 is disposed between the first wall 213 and the electrode assembly 23, and includes an insulating member body 251 and a protrusion 252. The insulating member body 251 has a first surface 2511 facing the electrode assembly 23, and the protrusion 252 is formed on the first surface 2511 and abuts against the electrode assembly 23. An air passage 2521 is provided in the protrusion 252, and the air passage 2521 penetrates the protrusion 252 in a direction intersecting the thickness direction Z of the insulating member body 251.

[0102] In the drawing, the direction indicated by the letter Z is the thickness direction of the insulating member main body 251, and the thickness direction Z of the insulating member main body 251 may be parallel to the thickness direction of the first wall 213.

[0103] The housing 21 may include an end cap 211 and a case 212, where the case 212 has an opening and the end cap 211 closes the opening and is connected to the case 212 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 20 from the external environment. To firmly connect the end cap 211 and the case 212, the end cap 211 may be welded to the case 212. The first wall 213 may be the end cap 211 and the second wall 214 may be one wall of the case 212, or the first wall 213 may be one wall of the case 212 and the second wall 214 may be the end cap 211, or further, the first wall 213 and the second wall 214 may be two different walls of the case 212.

[0104] The end cap 211 is a member that covers the opening of the case 212 and isolates the internal environment of the battery cell 20 from the external environment. The shape of the end cap 211 may be adapted to the shape of the case 212 to fit the case 212. Optionally, the end cap 211 may be made of a material with a certain hardness and strength (e.g., aluminum alloy). In this way, the end cap 211 is not easily deformed by extrusion or impact, thereby providing the battery cell 20 with higher structural strength and improved safety performance. Functional members such as electrode terminals 22 may be installed on the end cap 211. The electrode terminals 22 may be used for electrical connection with the electrode assembly 23 to input or output electrical energy to or from the battery cell 20. The end cap 211 may be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, or plastic, and the embodiments of the present application are not particularly limited thereto. In some embodiments, an insulating structure may also be installed inside the end cap 211, which can be used to isolate the electrical connection members in the case 212 from the end cap 211 to reduce the risk of short circuits. Illustratively, the insulating structure may be made of plastic, rubber, etc.

[0105] The case 212 is an assembly that, when combined with the end cap 211, forms an internal environment of the battery cell 20. The formed internal environment may be used to accommodate the electrode assembly 23, an electrolyte, and other components. The case 212 and the end cap 211 may be independent components. The case 212 may have various shapes and sizes. Specifically, the shape of the case 212 may be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 23. The case 212 may be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., and is not particularly limited in the embodiments of the present application. In the embodiments of the present application, the case 212 is described as being rectangular.

[0106] The electrode assembly 23 may be the component where the electrochemical reaction occurs in the battery cell 20. The case 212 may contain one or more electrode assemblies 23.

[0107] The electrode terminal 22 may be used for electrical connection with the electrode assembly 23 to input or output electrical energy to or from the battery cell 20. The tabs of the electrode assembly 23 can be electrically connected to the electrode terminal 22 via an adapter 28.

[0108] The pressure relief mechanism 24 refers to an element or member that operates to release the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 when the internal pressure or temperature reaches a predetermined threshold. The pressure relief mechanism 24 may take the form of an explosion-proof valve, an air valve, a pressure relief valve, a safety valve, or the like. Specifically, the pressure relief mechanism 24 may be a pressure- or temperature-sensitive element or structure. That is, when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a predetermined threshold, the pressure relief mechanism 24 operates or a fragile structure provided in the pressure relief mechanism 24 ruptures, thereby forming a pressure relief hole for releasing the internal pressure or temperature. The pressure relief mechanism 24 and the second wall 214 may be integral or separate structures. When the pressure relief mechanism 24 and the second wall 214 are integral, the pressure relief mechanism 24 may be a reduced-thickness region in the second wall 214 or a notch provided in the second wall 214. When the pressure relief mechanism 24 and the second wall 214 are separate structures, a hole is provided in the second wall 214, and the pressure relief mechanism 24 is connected to the second wall 214 by welding or other means to cover the hole.

[0109] The term "activation" as used herein refers to the pressure relief mechanism 24 being activated or being activated to a certain state, thereby releasing the internal pressure and temperature of the battery cell 20. The operation of the pressure relief mechanism 24 may include, but is not limited to, rupturing, crushing, tearing, or opening at least a portion of the pressure relief mechanism 24. When the pressure relief mechanism 24 is activated, high-temperature and high-pressure substances (e.g., gas) inside the battery cell 20 are discharged as emissions from the activated area. In this manner, pressure and temperature relief is generated in the battery cell 20 under controllable pressure or temperature, thereby avoiding the occurrence of potentially more serious accidents.

[0110] The insulating member 25 is an electrical insulating member and is used to insulate the first wall 213 from the electrode assembly 23 .

[0111] The first surface 2511 is the surface of the insulating member body 251 that faces the electrode assembly 23 , that is, the first surface 2511 is located away from the first wall 213 .

[0112] The insulating member body 251 further has a second surface 2512, and the second surface 2512 and the first surface 2511 are located on opposite sides in the thickness direction Z of the insulating member body 251, and the second surface 2512 is away from the electrode assembly 23, i.e., the second surface 2512 faces the first wall 213.

[0113] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 6 , a positioning portion 2513 is provided on the second surface 2512, and a positioning hole (not shown) corresponding to the positioning portion 2513 is provided in the first wall 213, and the positioning portion 2513 is inserted into the positioning hole. The positioning portion 2513 is provided on the second surface 2512 and is a member for connecting with and positioning the first wall 213, and the positioning portion 2513 may protrude from the second surface 2512. The positioning portion 2513 may be a positioning rod, and the cross section of the positioning rod may be circular, rectangular, triangular, irregular, or the like. Optionally, the cross section of the positioning rod is circular, which is easy to process. The shape of the positioning hole corresponds to the cross-sectional shape of the positioning rod.

[0114] The protrusion 252 being formed on the first surface 2511 may mean that the protrusion 252 is installed separately from the insulating member main body 251 and the protrusion 252 is connected to the first surface 2511, or that the protrusion 252 is integrally molded with the insulating member main body 251 and the protrusion 252 protrudes from the first surface 2511.

[0115] The protrusion 252 is a member for abutting against the electrode assembly 23 of the insulating member 25. Here, abutment means that the protrusion 252 is connected to the electrode assembly 23, and may also mean that there is an interacting force between the protrusion 252 and the electrode assembly 23. The protrusion 252 may abut directly against the electrode assembly 23, or may abut indirectly against the electrode assembly 23 via another member.

[0116] The ventilation passage 2521 is a hole that penetrates the protrusion 252 in a direction that intersects the thickness direction Z of the insulating member main body 251, and the extension direction of the ventilation passage 2521 may be parallel to the first surface 2511 or may intersect with the first surface 2511.

[0117] In the battery cell 20 according to the embodiment of the present application, the ventilation passage 2521 penetrates the protrusion 252 in a direction intersecting the thickness direction Z of the insulating member body 251. That is, the extension direction of the ventilation passage 2521 intersects the thickness direction Z of the insulating member body 251. Since the ventilation passage 2521 penetrates the protrusion 252, gas can quickly pass through the protrusion 252 when flowing through the protrusion 252, reducing the resistance to gas flow caused by the protrusion 252 and facilitating the gas flow. In the event of thermal runaway of the battery cell 20, gas can quickly flow from the gas generation region toward the pressure relief mechanism 24, which on the one hand facilitates the timely start (operation) of the pressure relief mechanism and on the other hand facilitates the rapid release of gas after the pressure relief hole is formed in the pressure relief mechanism. This reduces the risk of cracking and failure of the connection portion of the housing 21 (e.g., the connection portion between the end cap 211 and the case 212) and improves the reliability of the battery cell 20.

[0118] Referring to Figures 5 and 6, according to some embodiments of the present application, the protrusion 252 extends along a first direction X, and the ventilation passage 2521 penetrates the protrusion 252 along a second direction Y that intersects with the first direction X, and the first direction X and the second direction Y intersect with the thickness direction Z of the insulating member body 251.

[0119] In the figure, the direction indicated by the letter X is the first direction, and the direction indicated by the letter Y is the second direction, and both the first direction X and the second direction Y intersect with the thickness direction Z of the insulating member main body 251.

[0120] The protrusion 252 extending along the first direction X may mean that the longitudinal direction of the protrusion 252 is parallel to the first direction X. For example, if the protrusion 252 is elongated, the longitudinal direction of the protrusion 252 is parallel to the first direction X. The cross section of the protrusion 252 may be rectangular, trapezoidal, triangular, or the like.

[0121] The protrusions 252 extend along the first direction X, and the protrusions 252 and the insulating member main body 251 have a large overlapping area in the first direction X, which can improve the strength of the insulating member main body 251 in the first direction X.

[0122] The ventilation passages 2521 penetrate the protrusions 252 along a second direction Y that intersects with the first direction X, i.e., the extension direction of the ventilation passages 2521 is parallel to the second direction Y. Alternatively, the second direction Y may be perpendicular to the first direction X, in which case the extension length of the ventilation passages 2521 is short, making it easier for gas to penetrate the protrusions 252 quickly.

[0123] 5 and 6, the first direction X and the second direction Y may be parallel to the first surface 2511, and the plane formed by the first direction X and the second direction Y may be parallel to the first surface. That is, the first direction X, the second direction Y, and the thickness direction Z of the insulating member body may be perpendicular to each other.

[0124] In some embodiments, the extension direction of the ventilation passages 2521 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the protrusions 252 .

[0125] In the above solution, the extension direction of the ventilation passage 2521 intersects with the extension direction of the protrusion 252, and the extension length of the ventilation passage 2521 is short, i.e., the path that the gas takes through the protrusion 252 is short, which makes it easier for the gas to quickly pass through the protrusion 252 and improves the smoothness of the gas flow.

[0126] In some embodiments, the extension direction of the ventilation passages 2521 may be parallel to the extension direction of the protrusions 252 .

[0127] Referring to Figures 3, 5 and 6, according to some embodiments of the present application, the protrusion 252 includes a bottom surface 2522 and an outer peripheral surface 2523, the bottom surface 2522 is for abutting against the electrode assembly 23, the outer peripheral surface 2523 is arranged around the bottom surface 2522, the outer peripheral surface 2523 connects the bottom surface 2522 and the first surface 2511, and the ventilation passage 2521 is arranged on the outer peripheral surface 2523.

[0128] The bottom surface 2522 is the surface of the protrusion 252 facing the electrode assembly 23, and the bottom surface 2522 is intended to abut against the electrode assembly 23, that is, the bottom surface 2522 is the surface away from the first surface 2511 of the protrusion 252.

[0129] The outer circumferential surface 2523 is disposed around the periphery of the bottom surface 2522 , and the outer circumferential surface 2523 is disposed around the edge of the bottom surface 2522 .

[0130] In some embodiments, the outer peripheral surface 2523 may include two surfaces that are on opposite sides of the width of the protrusion 252, and the ventilation passages 2521 may penetrate the two surfaces, thereby allowing gas to flow on both sides of the width of the protrusion 252.

[0131] In the above solution, the bottom surface 2522 is a surface of the protrusion 252 for abutting against the electrode assembly 23. By abutting the bottom surface 2522 against the electrode assembly 23, the insulating member 25 can be positioned relative to the electrode assembly 23, and good assembly stability of the electrode assembly 23 can be achieved. The ventilation passage 2521 is installed on the outer peripheral surface 2523, which facilitates gas passage through the protrusion 252 and reduces the resistance to gas flow caused by the protrusion 252.

[0132] In some embodiments, the ventilation passage 2521 may extend from the first surface 2511 to the bottom surface 2522 in the thickness direction Z of the insulating member body 251. To ensure the strength of the protrusion 252, there is a certain distance between the ventilation passage 2521 and the bottom surface 2522 in the thickness direction Z of the insulating member body 251.

[0133] In some embodiments, the extension direction of the ventilation passages 2521 may intersect with the extension direction of the protrusions 252, thereby allowing gas on both sides of the extension direction of the protrusions 252 to pass through the protrusions 252. For example, the angle between the extension direction of the ventilation passages 2521 and the extension direction of the protrusions 252 may be 70° to 110°, and optionally the angle is 70°, 75°, 80°, 85°, 90°, 95°, 100°, 105°, or 110°. In some embodiments, the angle may be 90°, i.e., the extension direction of the ventilation passages 2521 may be perpendicular to the extension direction of the protrusions 252.

[0134] Referring to FIGS. 5 and 6, according to some embodiments of the present application, the protrusion 252 has a plurality of ventilation passages 2521, which are spaced apart along the first direction X.

[0135] The plurality of ventilation passages 2521 are spaced apart along the first direction X, in other words, the plurality of ventilation passages 2521 are spaced apart along the extension direction of the protrusion 252. The plurality of ventilation passages 2521 may be positioned in a straight line parallel to the first direction X, or the plurality of ventilation passages 2521 may be distributed.

[0136] In the above solution, multiple ventilation passages 2521 are installed at intervals along the extension direction of the protrusion 252, so that the protrusion 252 has multiple gas flow positions, which is advantageous for gas to pass through the protrusion 252 and improves the gas passage efficiency.

[0137] Referring to FIGS. 5 and 6, according to some embodiments of the present application, a plurality of protrusions 252 are provided, and the plurality of protrusions 252 are provided at intervals along the second direction Y.

[0138] The plurality of protrusions 252 are spaced apart along the second direction Y, and the plurality of protrusions 252 are arranged in parallel. The positions of the ventilation passages 2521 of the plurality of protrusions 252 may be the same, for example, the ventilation passages 2521 of the plurality of protrusions 252 overlap in the second direction Y to facilitate processing and manufacturing, or the positions of the ventilation passages 2521 of the plurality of protrusions 252 may be different, and the ventilation passages 2521 of the plurality of protrusions 252 do not overlap or only partially overlap in the second direction Y.

[0139] In the above solution, the plurality of protrusions 252 are spaced apart along the second direction Y, so that the insulating member 25 has high strength, and the number of contact points between the insulating member 25 and the electrode assembly 23 is increased, thereby providing a good limiting effect on the electrode assembly 23.

[0140] According to some embodiments of the present application, each of the protrusions 252 has a ventilation passage 2521 .

[0141] Each of the protrusions 252 is provided with a ventilation passage 2521, which allows gas to pass through the protrusions 252 easily, reduces the gas resistance effect of the protrusions 252, and facilitates gas flow.

[0142] In some embodiments, some of the protrusions 252 may not have the ventilation passages 2521 provided therein.

[0143] Please refer to Fig. 7, which is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the protrusions and the insulating member body according to some embodiments of the present application. In some embodiments, the protrusions 252 may be spaced apart from the edges of the insulating member body 251, or an air passage 2521 may be formed between the protrusions 252 and the edges of the insulating member body 251. For example, the protrusions 252 may be spaced apart from the edges of the insulating member body 251 in the longitudinal direction, and / or the protrusions 252 may be spaced apart from the edges of the insulating member body 251 in the width direction.

[0144] Referring to Figures 5 and 6, according to some embodiments of the present application, the protrusion 252 includes a first protrusion 252a, a second protrusion 252b, and a third protrusion 252c, where the first protrusion 252a and the second protrusion 252b are located at both ends of the insulating member body 251 along the second direction Y, and the third protrusion 252c is located between the first protrusion 252a and the second protrusion 252b.

[0145] The first protrusion 252a, the second protrusion 252b, and the third protrusion 252c may be arranged in sequence along the second direction X. The first protrusion 252a, the second protrusion 252b, and the third protrusion 252c may all extend along the first direction X, and the longitudinal directions of the three may all be parallel to the first direction X.

[0146] In the above solution, the first protrusion 252a and the second protrusion 252b are located at both ends of the insulating member body 251 along the second direction Y, and the third protrusion 252c is located between the first protrusion 252a and the second protrusion 252b, thereby increasing the strength of the insulating member body 251 in the second direction Y, and thereby allowing the insulating member 25 to effectively exert a limiting effect on the electrode assembly 23 in the second direction Y.

[0147] 5 and 6, and further to FIG. 8, which is a cross-sectional view of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application. According to some embodiments of the present application, the first surface 2511, the first protrusion 252a, the third protrusion 252c, and the electrode assembly 23 are enclosed to form a first cavity Q1, a first gap Q2 is present between the first protrusion 252a and the housing 21 in the second direction Y, and the ventilation passage 2521 includes a first ventilation passage 2521a disposed in the first protrusion 252a, and the first ventilation passage 2521a communicates between the first cavity Q1 and the first gap Q2.

[0148] The first protrusion 252a and the third protrusion 252c each abut the electrode assembly 23, and the first cavity Q1 may be a space formed by enclosing it with the first surface 2511, the side of the first protrusion 252a facing the third protrusion 252c, the side of the third protrusion 252c facing the first protrusion 252a, and the side of the electrode assembly 23 facing the first surface 2511.

[0149] "There is a first gap Q2 between the first protrusion 252a and the housing 21 in the second direction Y" means that the side of the first protrusion 252a away from the third protrusion 252c is not in at least partial contact with the inner surface of the housing 21.

[0150] The first ventilation passage 2521a is a hole that penetrates the first protrusion 252a along the second direction Y, thereby connecting the first cavity Q1 and the first gap Q2.

[0151] In the above solution, the first ventilation passage 2521a connects the first cavity Q1 and the first gap Q2, thereby facilitating the flow of gas on both sides of the first protrusion 252a in the second direction Y and reducing the resistance to gas flow caused by the first protrusion 252a.

[0152] Referring to Figures 5, 6 and 8, according to some embodiments of the present application, the first surface 2511, the second protrusion 252b, the third protrusion 252c and the electrode assembly 23 are enclosed to form a second cavity Q3, and there is a second gap Q4 between the second protrusion 252b and the housing 21 in the second direction Y, and the ventilation passage 2521 further includes a second ventilation passage 2521b installed in the second protrusion 252b, and the second ventilation passage 2521b connects the second cavity Q3 and the second gap Q4.

[0153] The second protrusion 252b and the third protrusion 252c each abut the electrode assembly 23, and the second cavity Q3 may be a space formed by enclosing it with the first surface 2511, the side of the second protrusion 252b facing the third protrusion 252c, the side of the third protrusion 252c facing the second protrusion 252b, and the side of the electrode assembly 23 facing the first surface 2511.

[0154] "There is a second gap Q4 between the second protrusion 252b and the housing 21 in the second direction Y" means that the side of the second protrusion 252b away from the third protrusion 252c is not in at least partial contact with the inner surface of the housing 21.

[0155] The second ventilation passage 2521b is a hole that penetrates the second protrusion 252b along the second direction Y, thereby connecting the second cavity Q3 and the second gap Q4.

[0156] In the above solution, the second ventilation passage 2521b connects the second cavity Q3 and the second gap Q4, thereby facilitating the flow of gas on both sides of the second protrusion 252b in the second direction Y and reducing the resistance to gas flow caused by the second protrusion 252b.

[0157] Referring to Figures 5, 6 and 8, according to some embodiments of the present application, the ventilation passage 2521 further includes a third ventilation passage 2521c installed in the third protrusion 252c, and the third ventilation passage 2521c connects the first cavity Q1 and the second cavity Q3.

[0158] The third ventilation passage 2521c is a hole that penetrates the third protrusion 252c along the second direction Y, thereby connecting the first cavity Q1 and the second cavity Q3.

[0159] In the above solution, the third ventilation passage 2521c connects the first cavity Q1 and the second cavity Q3, thereby facilitating the flow of gas on both sides of the third protrusion 252c in the second direction Y and reducing the resistance to gas flow caused by the third protrusion 252c.

[0160] In some embodiments, there may be a gap between the protrusion 252 and the case 212 in the first direction X, and when gas flows toward the protrusion 252 along the second direction Y, the gas may pass through the protrusion 252 through the ventilation passage 2521, and may also pass beyond the protrusion 252 through the gap between the both ends of the protrusion 252 in the first direction X and the case 212.

[0161] 9, which is a cross-sectional view of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application. According to some embodiments of the present application, the protrusion 252 includes a first protrusion 252a and a second protrusion 252b spaced apart along a second direction Y, and the first surface 2511, the first protrusion 252a, the second protrusion 252b, and the electrode assembly 23 are enclosed to form a third cavity Q5, and there is a first gap Q2 between the first protrusion 252a and the housing 21 in the second direction Y, and there is a second gap Q3 between the first protrusion 252a and the housing 21 in the second direction Y. There is a second gap Q4 between the protrusion 252b and the housing 21, and the ventilation passage 2521 includes a first ventilation passage 2521a installed in the first protrusion 252a and a second ventilation passage 2521b installed in the second protrusion 252b, the first ventilation passage 2521a connecting the first gap Q2 to the third cavity Q5, and the second ventilation passage 2521b connecting the second gap Q4 to the third cavity Q5.

[0162] The first protrusion 252a and the second protrusion 252b each abut the electrode assembly 23, and the third cavity Q5 may be a space formed by enclosing it with the first surface 2511, the side of the first protrusion 252a facing the second protrusion 252b, the side of the second protrusion 252b facing the first protrusion 252a, and the side of the electrode assembly 23 facing the first surface 2511.

[0163] "There is a first gap Q2 between the first protrusion 252a and the case 212 in the second direction Y" means that the side of the first protrusion 252a away from the second protrusion 252b is not in at least partial contact with the inner surface of the housing 21. "There is a second gap Q4 between the second protrusion 252b and the housing 21 in the second direction Y" means that the side of the second protrusion 252b away from the first protrusion 252a is not in at least partial contact with the inner surface of the housing 21.

[0164] In the above solution, the first ventilation passage 2521a connects the first gap Q2 to the third cavity Q5, and the second ventilation passage connects the third cavity Q5 to the second gap Q4, thereby facilitating the flow of gas on both sides of the second direction Y located at the first protrusion 252a and gas on both sides of the second direction Y located at the second protrusion 252b, and reducing the resistance to gas flow caused by the first protrusion 252a and the second protrusion 252b.

[0165] Referring to FIG. 7 , according to some embodiments of the present application, a plurality of protrusions 252 are arranged along each of a first direction X and a second direction Y, and ventilation passages 2521 are formed between adjacent ones of the plurality of protrusions 252 arranged along the first direction X and between adjacent ones of the plurality of protrusions 252 arranged along the second direction Y, and the first direction X, the second direction Y, and the thickness direction Z of the insulating member body 251 intersect with each other.

[0166] In the above solution, the ventilation passage 2521 is disposed between two protrusions 252 spaced apart along the first direction X and between two protrusions 252 spaced apart along the second direction Y, thereby improving the gas flow between the first surface 2511 and the electrode assembly 23, reducing the resistance to gas flow caused by the protrusions 252 and facilitating the gas flow.

[0167] Referring to FIGS. 5 and 6, according to some embodiments of the present application, the insulating member body 251 is a rectangular plate, and the protrusions 252 extend along a first direction X, which is the width direction of the insulating member body 251.

[0168] The insulating member body 251 may be a rectangular plate, and the end cap 211 may also be a rectangular plate that matches the insulating member body 251. When viewed along the thickness direction Z of the insulating member body 251, the insulating member body 251 overlaps with the end cap 211, and the outline of the insulating member body 251 can be located within the outline of the end cap 211.

[0169] The first direction X may be the width direction of the insulating member body 251, and in some embodiments, the second direction Y is the longitudinal direction of the insulating member body 251. The protrusion 252 extending along the first direction X means that the protrusion 252 and the insulating member body 251 have a large overlapping area in the width direction of the insulating member body 251. For example, the protrusion 252 can penetrate the insulating member body 251 in the width direction of the insulating member body 251 to improve the strength of the insulating member body 251 in that width direction.

[0170] In the above solution, the first direction X may be the width direction of the insulating member body 251, which increases the strength of the insulating member body 251 in the width direction of the insulating member body 251, thereby allowing the insulating member 25 to effectively exert a limiting effect on the electrode assembly 23 in the width direction of the insulating member body 251.

[0171] 10, which is a cross-sectional view of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application. According to some embodiments of the present application, the second wall 214 is connected to the first wall 213, and a third gap Q6 is provided between the electrode assembly 23 and the second wall 214, and the third gap Q6 communicates with the ventilation passage 2521.

[0172] A third gap Q6 is formed between the electrode assembly 23 and the second wall 214.

[0173] The third gap Q6 may be formed by the gap between the electrode assembly 23 and the second wall 214, or may be formed by providing a member having an exhaust groove.

[0174] In the above solution, by installing the third gap Q6, if the battery cell 20 experiences thermal runaway, the gas inside the housing 21 can flow through the ventilation passage 2521 and the third gap Q6 to the pressure relief mechanism 24, improving the smoothness of the gas flow.

[0175] Referring to Figures 8 and 9, according to some embodiments of the present application, the second wall 214 and the first wall 213 are arranged on opposite sides in the thickness direction Z of the insulating member body 251, and the housing 21 further includes a third wall 215, which is connected to the second wall 214 and the first wall 213, and a fourth gap Q7 is arranged between the electrode assembly 23 and the third wall 215, and the fourth gap Q7 connects the ventilation passage 2521 and the pressure relief mechanism 24.

[0176] A fourth gap Q7 is formed between the electrode assembly 23 and the third wall 215.

[0177] The fourth gap Q7 may be formed by the gap between the electrode assembly 23 and the third wall 215, or may be formed by providing a member having an exhaust groove.

[0178] In the above solution, by providing the fourth gap Q7, if the battery cell 20 experiences thermal runaway, gas inside the housing 21 can flow through the ventilation passage 2521 and the fourth gap Q7 to the pressure relief mechanism 24, improving the smoothness of the gas flow. Even if a large amount of gas is generated in the area close to the electrode terminal 22 of the electrode assembly 23, the gas can quickly move through the protrusion 252 from the fourth gap Q7 toward the pressure relief hole of the pressure relief mechanism 24.

[0179] Referring to Figures 3 and 4, and further to Figures 8 and 9, according to some embodiments of the present application, the housing 21 includes a case 212 and an end cap 211, the case 212 includes a bottom wall 2121 and a side wall 2122, the side wall 2122 is arranged around the bottom wall 2121, one end of the side wall 2122 is connected to the bottom wall 2121, and the other end of the side wall 2122 forms an opening, the end cap 211 closes the opening, the first wall 213 is the end cap 211, and the second wall 214 is the side wall 2122 or the bottom wall 2121.

[0180] The bottom wall 2121 and the end cap 211 are disposed on opposite sides in the thickness direction Z of the insulating member body 251, that is, the electrode assembly 23 is located between the bottom wall 2121 and the end cap 211 in the thickness direction Z of the insulating member body 251.

[0181] In some embodiments, the bottom wall 2121 and the side wall 2122 may be integrally molded, thereby facilitating processing and manufacturing.

[0182] The pressure relief mechanism 24 may be installed on the bottom wall 2121. In this case, the pressure relief mechanism 24 is far away from the electrode terminals 22. When the pressure relief mechanism 24 releases the internal pressure of the battery cell 20, the discharged materials (e.g., high-temperature depressurized gas, electrolyte, etc.) discharged through the pressure relief holes of the pressure relief mechanism 24 do not act on the electrode terminals 22 and the electrical elements (e.g., circuit boards, bus bar members, etc.) connected to the electrode terminals 22, thereby improving the reliability of the battery cell 20.

[0183] The pressure relief mechanism 24 may also be installed on the side wall 2122. In this case, the pressure relief mechanism 24 is not adjacent to the electrode terminal 22, which reduces the effect of the discharged matter discharged from the pressure relief mechanism 24 on the electrode terminal 22 and the electrical elements (e.g., circuit boards, bus bar members, etc.) connected to the electrode terminal 22, thereby improving the reliability of the battery cell 20.

[0184] The second wall 214 may be a side wall 2122 or a bottom wall 2121 , and the pressure relief mechanism 24 may be installed on the side wall 2122 or the bottom wall 2121 .

[0185] In the above solution, the bottom wall 2121 is located on the side away from the end cap 211 of the electrode assembly 23, and the pressure relief mechanism 24 is installed on the side wall 2122 or the bottom wall 2121, thereby adapting to different arrangement needs of the battery cells 20 and facilitating pressure relief of the pressure relief mechanism 24.

[0186] 3, 8, and 9, and further to FIG. 11, which is a structural schematic diagram of an isolation member according to some embodiments of the present application. According to some embodiments of the present application, the battery cell 20 further includes an isolation member 26, which is disposed between at least one wall other than the first wall 213 of the housing 21 and the electrode assembly 23, for isolating the housing 21 from the electrode assembly 23. An exhaust groove 261 is disposed on the side of the isolation member 26 away from the electrode assembly 23 and / or on the side facing the electrode assembly 23, and the exhaust groove 261 extends to the edge of the isolation member 26.

[0187] The isolation member 26 is a member for isolating the housing 21 from the electrode assembly 23. The isolation member 26 may be an electrically insulating member or a metallic member.

[0188] In some embodiments, the isolation member 26 may be located between the second wall 214 and the electrode assembly 23 , and the isolation member 26 may be located between the third wall 215 and the electrode assembly 23 .

[0189] In some embodiments, insulation is provided between the isolation member 26 and the housing 21 and / or between the isolation member 26 and the electrode assembly 23. For example, the isolation member 26 is an electrically insulating member, and the isolation member 26 insulates the housing 21 and the electrode assembly 23, or the isolation member 26 is a metallic member, and an insulating structure is provided between the isolation member 26 and the housing 21, and also an insulating structure is provided between the isolation member 26 and the electrode assembly 23.

[0190] 8 , in embodiments in which the case 212 includes a bottom wall 2121 and a side wall 2122, the isolation member 26 is disposed between the bottom wall 2121 and the electrode assembly 23 in the thickness direction Z of the insulating member body 251. The isolation member 26 may be an electrical insulating member and can electrically isolate the bottom wall 2121 and the electrode assembly 23.

[0191] The exhaust groove 261 may be a recessed groove provided on the side of the isolation member 26 facing the electrode assembly 23 and / or on the side away from the electrode assembly 23. In some embodiments, the isolation member 26 may include a third surface 262 and a fourth surface 263, where the third surface 262 is provided away from the electrode assembly 23 and the fourth surface 263 is provided facing the electrode assembly 23. The exhaust groove 261 may be a recessed groove provided on the third surface 262, or the exhaust groove 261 may be a protrusion protruding from the third surface 262 and a space formed by being enclosed by the third surface 262. Alternatively, the exhaust groove 261 may be a recessed groove provided on the fourth surface 263, or the exhaust groove 261 may be a protrusion protruding from the fourth surface 263 and a space formed by being enclosed by the fourth surface 263. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 11, the exhaust groove 261 may be a recessed groove provided on the third surface 262 and the fourth surface 263, or the exhaust groove 261 may be a protrusion protruding from the third surface 262 and a space formed by the third surface 262 surrounding it, and a protrusion protruding from the fourth surface 263 and a space formed by the fourth surface 263 surrounding it.

[0192] The exhaust groove 261 extending to the edge of the isolation member 26 means that both ends of the exhaust groove 261 are located at the two edges of the isolation member 26, respectively. The two edges may be two connecting edges of the isolation member 26 or two edges located on opposite sides. For example, gas can enter the exhaust groove 261 from any one edge of the isolation member 26 and leave the exhaust groove 261 from the other edge.

[0193] In an embodiment in which the exhaust groove 261 is located on the side of the isolation member 26 away from the electrode assembly 23 and the pressure relief mechanism 24 is located on the bottom wall 2121, the opening of the exhaust groove 261 may face the bottom wall 2121, and the exhaust groove 261 can be enclosed together with the bottom wall 2121 to form an exhaust passage, with the pressure relief mechanism 24 and the exhaust passage at least partially overlapping in the thickness direction Z of the insulating member body 251. If the battery cell 20 experiences thermal runaway, gas can flow through the exhaust passage toward the pressure relief mechanism 24 and be discharged through the pressure relief hole of the pressure relief mechanism 24.

[0194] In the above solution, the isolating member 26 serves to isolate the housing 21 from the electrode assembly 23 and reduce the risk of contact between the housing 21 and the electrode assembly 23. When the isolating member 26 is installed below the electrode assembly 23, the isolating member 26 also serves to support the electrode assembly 23 and reduce the risk of interference between the electrode assembly 23 and the housing 21. The exhaust groove 261 extends to the edge of the isolating member 26, which facilitates reducing the resistance to gas flow caused by the isolating member and is favorable to gas flow.

[0195] In an embodiment in which "the second wall 214 is connected to the first wall 213, a third gap Q6 is provided between the electrode assembly 23 and the second wall 214, and the third gap Q6 communicates with the ventilation passage 2521," the isolation member 26 may be provided between the second wall 214 and the electrode assembly 23, the exhaust groove 261 includes the third gap Q6, the ventilation passage 2521 communicates with the third gap Q6, and the third gap Q6 communicates with the pressure relief mechanism 24.

[0196] Referring to FIG. 10 , in the embodiment in which “the second wall 214 is connected to the first wall 213, a third gap Q6 is provided between the electrode assembly 23 and the second wall 214, and the third gap Q6 is connected to the ventilation passage 2521,” the isolation member 26 may be provided between the wall opposite the first wall 213 and the electrode assembly 23, the ventilation passage 2521 is connected to the third gap Q6, the exhaust groove 261 is connected to the third gap Q6, and the exhaust groove 261 is connected to the pressure relief mechanism 24.

[0197] In an embodiment in which "the second wall 214 and the first wall 213 are arranged on opposite sides in the thickness direction Z of the insulating member body 251, the housing 21 further includes a third wall 215 connected to the second wall 214 and the first wall 213, a fourth gap Q7 is arranged between the electrode assembly 23 and the third wall 215, and the fourth gap Q7 connects the ventilation passage 2521 and the pressure relief mechanism 24," the isolation member 26 may be arranged between the third wall 215 and the electrode assembly 23, the exhaust groove 261 includes the fourth gap Q7, the ventilation passage 2521 connects to the fourth gap Q7, and the fourth gap Q7 connects to the pressure relief mechanism 24.

[0198] 9 , in an embodiment in which "the second wall 214 and the first wall 213 are disposed on opposite sides in the thickness direction Z of the insulating member body 251, the housing 21 further includes a third wall 215 connected to the second wall 214 and the first wall 213, and a fourth gap Q7 is disposed between the electrode assembly 23 and the third wall 215, and the fourth gap Q7 connects the ventilation passage 2521 and the pressure relief mechanism 24," the isolation member 26 may be disposed between the second wall 214 and the electrode assembly 23, the ventilation passage 2521 communicates with the fourth gap Q7, the exhaust groove 261 communicates with the fourth gap Q7, and the exhaust groove 261 communicates with the pressure relief mechanism 24. According to some embodiments of the present application, the isolation member 26 is disposed between the second wall 214 and the electrode assembly 23.

[0199] 8 , in some embodiments, the first wall 213 and the second wall 214 are disposed on opposite sides of the insulating member body 251 in the thickness direction Z, the electrode assembly 23 may be disposed above the second wall 214, and the isolation member 26 may be disposed below the electrode assembly 23, so that the isolation member 26 can support the electrode assembly 23. An exhaust groove 261 may be disposed corresponding to the pressure relief mechanism 24, so that gas can quickly flow to the pressure relief mechanism 24 through the exhaust groove 261.

[0200] Please refer to Fig. 3 and further to Fig. 12, which is a schematic diagram of an insulating member and an insulating film according to some embodiments of the present application. According to some embodiments of the present application, the battery cell 20 further includes an insulating film 27 wrapped around the outside of the electrode assembly 23 to insulate the electrode assembly 23 from the housing 21. The insulating film 27 is connected to the insulating member 25. A through hole 271 is provided in the insulating film 27. The through hole 271 is provided corresponding to the ventilation passage 2521, so that the through hole 271 and the ventilation passage 2521 communicate with each other.

[0201] The insulating film 27 encases the electrode assembly 23, thereby insulating and isolating the electrode assembly 23 from the housing 21. To ensure the insulating and isolating effect between the electrode assembly 23 and the housing 21, the insulating film 27 is usually installed around the edge of the electrode assembly 23.

[0202] By arranging the through hole 271 in the insulating film 27 in correspondence with the ventilation passage 2521, the connection between the insulating film 27 and the insulating member 25 and the insulating isolation effect of the insulating film 27 on the electrode assembly 23 are ensured, and the flow of gas can be facilitated. The gas between the insulating film 27 and the housing 21 can pass through the ventilation passage 2521, pass through the through hole 271, and flow quickly toward the pressure relief mechanism 24.

[0203] At the same time, in order to ensure smooth gas flow, the through hole 271 is located at the end of the insulating film 27 for connecting with the insulating member 25, and the through hole 271 is also installed between two adjacent protrusions 252, i.e., the area of ​​the insulating film 27 located between two adjacent through holes 271 is connected to the protrusion 252 of the insulating member 25.

[0204] According to some embodiments of the present application, the insulating film 27 is thermally fused to the insulating member 25 .

[0205] The insulating film 27 is thermally fused to the protrusions 252, thereby ensuring stable connection between the insulating film 27 and the insulating member 25.

[0206] Referring to Figure 6, according to some embodiments of the present application, the insulating member body 251 further has a second surface 2512 located opposite the first surface 2511 in the thickness direction Z of the insulating member body 251, and a groove 2524 is formed on the second surface 2512 at a position corresponding to the protrusion 252.

[0207] In the above solution, the grooves 2524 are formed in the second surface 2512 at positions corresponding to the protrusions 252, thereby reducing the weight of the insulating member 25.

[0208] According to some embodiments of the present application, the embodiments of the present application further provide a battery 100, which includes a battery cell 20 according to any one of the above embodiments.

[0209] According to some embodiments of the present application, the embodiments of the present application further provide a power consuming device, the power consuming device including a battery cell 20 according to any one of the above embodiments, the battery cell 20 being for providing electrical energy.

[0210] The power consuming device may be any one of the devices or systems described above to which the battery cell 20 is applied.

[0211] According to some embodiments of the present application, see Figures 3 to 6, 8 and 12, the embodiments of the present application provide a battery cell 20, which is a rectangular parallelepiped, and includes a housing 21, an electrode terminal 22, an electrode assembly 23, a pressure relief mechanism 24, an insulating member 25, and an isolation member 26.

[0212] The housing 21 includes an end cap 211 and a case 212. The case 212 includes a bottom wall 2121 and a side wall 2122. The side wall 2122 is disposed around the periphery of the bottom wall 2121, one end of the side wall 2122 is connected to the bottom wall 2121, and the other end of the side wall 2122 forms an opening. The end cap 211 closes the opening, thereby forming an accommodating space for accommodating the electrode assembly 23.

[0213] The electrode terminal 22 is mounted on the end cap 211 , and the electrode assembly 23 is mounted in the case 212 .

[0214] The pressure relief mechanism 24 is installed on the bottom wall 2121 .

[0215] The insulating member 25 is disposed between the end cap 211 and the electrode assembly 23 and includes an insulating member body 251 and a protrusion 252. The insulating member body 251 has a first surface 2511 and a second surface 2512. The first surface 2511 and the second surface 2512 are disposed on opposite sides in the thickness direction Z of the insulating member body 251. The first surface 2511 faces the electrode assembly 23, and the second surface 2512 faces the end cap 211 and is connected to the end cap 211. The protrusion 252 is formed on the first surface 2511 and abuts against the electrode assembly 23. An air passage 2521 is formed in the protrusion 252, and the air passage 2521 penetrates the protrusion 252 in a direction intersecting the thickness direction Z of the insulating member body 251. The protrusion 252 extends along the width direction (first direction X) of the insulating member main body 251, and is a rectangular parallelepiped, and the ventilation passages 2521 penetrate the protrusion 252 along the width direction (second direction Y) of the protrusion 252. A plurality of ventilation passages 2521 are provided in the protrusion 252, and the plurality of ventilation passages 2521 are provided at intervals along the first direction X.

[0216] The protrusion 252 includes a first protrusion 252a, a second protrusion 252b, and a third protrusion 252c, with the first protrusion 252a and the second protrusion 252b located at both ends of the insulating member body 251 in the longitudinal direction, and the third protrusion 252c located between the first protrusion 252a and the second protrusion 252b. The first surface 2511, the first protrusion 252a, the third protrusion 252c, and the electrode assembly 23 enclose and form a first cavity Q1, and a first gap Q2 is present between the first protrusion 252a and the case 212 in the longitudinal direction of the insulating member body 251, and the ventilation passage 2521 includes a first ventilation passage 2521a located in the first protrusion 252a, which connects the first cavity Q1 and the first gap Q2. The first surface 2511, the second protrusion 252b, the third protrusion 252c, and the electrode assembly 23 form a second cavity Q3 by enclosing them together, and a second gap Q4 is formed between the second protrusion 252b and the case 212 in the longitudinal direction of the insulating member body 251. The ventilation passage 2521 further includes a second ventilation passage 2521b disposed in the second protrusion 252b, which connects the second cavity Q3 to the second gap Q4. The ventilation passage 2521 further includes a third ventilation passage 2521c disposed in the third protrusion 252c, which connects the first cavity Q1 to the second cavity Q3.

[0217] The isolation member 26 is disposed between the electrode assembly 23 and the bottom wall 2121 to support the electrode assembly 23. An exhaust groove 261 is provided between the isolation member 26 and the bottom wall 2121, and the exhaust groove 261 corresponds to the pressure relief mechanism 24.

[0218] Although the present application has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, various modifications may be made thereto and equivalents may be substituted for elements therein without departing from the scope of the present application. In particular, as long as there is no structural contradiction, the technical features recited in each embodiment may be combined in any manner. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions encompassed within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery cell, a housing including a first wall and a second wall; an electrode terminal installed on the first wall; an electrode assembly disposed within the housing; a pressure relief mechanism installed on the second wall; an insulating member disposed between the first wall and the electrode assembly, the insulating member including an insulating member body and a protrusion, the insulating member body having a first surface facing the electrode assembly, the protrusion being formed on the first surface, and the protrusion abutting against the electrode assembly; A battery cell, wherein a ventilation passage is provided in the protrusion, and the ventilation passage penetrates the protrusion in a direction intersecting with the thickness direction of the insulating member body.

2. 2. The battery cell according to claim 1, wherein the protrusion extends along a first direction, the ventilation passage penetrates the protrusion along a second direction intersecting the first direction, and the first direction and the second direction intersect with a thickness direction of the insulating member body.

3. 3. The battery cell according to claim 2, wherein the protrusion includes a bottom surface and an outer peripheral surface, the bottom surface is adapted to abut against the electrode assembly, the outer peripheral surface is disposed around the bottom surface, the outer peripheral surface connects the bottom surface and the first surface, and the ventilation passage is disposed on the outer peripheral surface.

4. The battery cell according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a plurality of the ventilation passages are provided in the protrusion, and the plurality of ventilation passages are provided at intervals along the first direction.

5. The battery cell according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein a plurality of the protrusions are provided, and the plurality of protrusions are provided at intervals along the second direction.

6. The battery cell according to claim 5 , wherein each of the protrusions has the ventilation passage.

7. 7. The battery cell of claim 5, wherein the protrusions include a first protrusion, a second protrusion, and a third protrusion, the first protrusion and the second protrusion being located at opposite ends of the insulating member body along the second direction, and the third protrusion being located between the first protrusion and the second protrusion.

8. 8. The battery cell of claim 7, wherein the first surface, the first protrusion, the third protrusion, and the electrode assembly form a first cavity by enclosing them, a first gap exists between the first protrusion and the housing in the second direction, and the ventilation passage includes a first ventilation passage disposed in the first protrusion, and the first ventilation passage communicates the first cavity and the first gap.

9. 9. The battery cell of claim 8, wherein the first surface, the second protrusion, the third protrusion, and the electrode assembly are enclosed to form a second cavity, a second gap is present between the second protrusion and the housing in the second direction, and the ventilation passage further includes a second ventilation passage disposed in the second protrusion, and the second ventilation passage communicates the second cavity with the second gap.

10. 10. The battery cell according to claim 9, wherein the ventilation passage further includes a third ventilation passage disposed in the third protrusion, the third ventilation passage connecting the first cavity and the second cavity.

11. 7. The battery cell of claim 5, wherein the protrusions include a first protrusion and a second protrusion spaced apart along the second direction, the first surface, the first protrusion, the second protrusion, and the electrode assembly form a third cavity by enclosing them, a first gap is formed between the first protrusion and the housing and a second gap is formed between the second protrusion and the housing in the second direction, the ventilation passage includes a first ventilation passage disposed in the first protrusion and a second ventilation passage disposed in the second protrusion, the first ventilation passage communicates the first gap with the third cavity, and the second ventilation passage communicates the second gap with the third cavity.

12. 3. The battery cell according to claim 1, wherein the protrusions are arranged in a plurality along a first direction and a second direction, and the ventilation passages are formed between adjacent ones of the plurality of protrusions arranged along the first direction and between adjacent ones of the plurality of protrusions arranged along the second direction, and the first direction, the second direction, and a thickness direction of the insulating member main body intersect with each other.

13. 13. The battery cell according to claim 1, wherein the insulating member body is a rectangular plate, the protrusion extends along a first direction, and the first direction is a width direction of the insulating member body.

14. 14. The battery cell according to claim 1, wherein the second wall is connected to the first wall, and a third gap is provided between the electrode assembly and the second wall, and the third gap communicates with the ventilation passage.

15. 14. The battery cell according to claim 1, wherein the second wall and the first wall are disposed on opposite sides in a thickness direction of the insulating member body, the housing further includes a third wall connected to the second wall and the first wall, and a fourth gap is disposed between the electrode assembly and the third wall, and the fourth gap connects the ventilation passage and a pressure release mechanism.

16. 16. The battery cell according to claim 1, wherein the housing includes a case and an end cap, the case includes a bottom wall and a side wall, the side wall is arranged around the bottom wall, one end of the side wall is connected to the bottom wall, the other end of the side wall forms an opening, the end cap closes the opening, the first wall is the end cap, and the second wall is the side wall or the bottom wall.

17. 17. The battery cell according to claim 1, further comprising an isolation member disposed between at least one wall of the housing other than the first wall and the electrode assembly to isolate the housing from the electrode assembly, wherein an exhaust groove is disposed on a side of the isolation member facing the electrode assembly and / or a side of the isolation member away from the electrode assembly, and the exhaust groove extends to an edge of the isolation member.

18. The battery cell of claim 17 , wherein the isolation member is disposed between the second wall and the electrode assembly.

19. 19. The battery cell according to claim 1, further comprising an insulating film wound around the outside of the electrode assembly to insulate and isolate the electrode assembly from the housing, the insulating film being connected to the insulating member and having a through hole formed in the insulating film, the through hole being positioned corresponding to the ventilation passage and connecting the through hole to the ventilation passage.

20. The battery cell according to claim 19 , wherein the insulating film is thermally fused to the insulating member.

21. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein the insulating member body further has a second surface located on the opposite side to the first surface in the thickness direction of the insulating member body, and a recessed groove is formed on the second surface at a position corresponding to the protrusion.

22. A battery comprising the battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 21.

23. A power consuming device comprising the battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 21.

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