Heat exchanger unit and drain body

Abstract

The heat exchanger unit (10) is for heating fresh water using heat from shower wastewater. Here, wastewater flows over a heat exchanger (2) through a drain body (1). A distribution element (3) forms the outer wall of the siphon and distributes the wastewater to the heat exchanger (2). The drain body (1) has an elongated shape. At least the drain body (1) and / or the distribution element (3) are made of plastic.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of heat exchangers for heating fresh water by heat from drain water, especially for showers or bathtubs, and drain bodies for receiving elongated heat exchangers. [Background technology]

[0002] WO 2025 / 106362 A1, also published as US 10,072,897 B1, shows a heat exchanger unit for attachment to a wastewater drain, for example, of a shower tray. It includes an elongated heat exchanger over which wastewater flows along its length. This also necessitates an elongated design for the entire heat exchanger unit. This, in turn, places special demands on the sealing of the heat exchanger unit to adjacent elements of the shower tray compared to a typical circular drain or drain connection.

[0003] KR 20210020288 A describes a heat recovery system in which wastewater is fed into a tubular heat exchanger via a funnel-shaped vessel, which is located above the tubular heat exchanger and is made of plastic or synthetic resin.

[0004] EP 2273223 A1 describes a heat recovery system based on a plate heat exchanger: warm wastewater, which heats fresh water, is fed into the heat exchanger via a distribution element.

[0005] FR 2 986 020 A1 discloses a heat recovery system based on a tubular heat exchanger: warm wastewater flows over horizontally positioned elements of the heat exchanger, transferring heat to fresh water.

[0006] NL 1 032 458 C1 describes a shower tray with heat recovery, in which fresh water is led in metal piping through a wash water discharge tray where it is heated. Summary of the Invention [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] A possible object of the present invention according to a first aspect is to provide a heat exchanger unit which offers an alternative to conventional solutions, in particular one which is more economical and / or has improved efficiency and / or is easier to clean. At least one of these objects is achieved by the heat exchanger unit according to the first aspect of the present invention.

[0008] A possible object of the present invention according to a second aspect is to provide a drain body which improves the connection with adjacent elements and / or allows new possibilities for mounting heat exchanger units in buildings. At least one of these objects is achieved by the drain body according to the second aspect of the present invention.

[0009] The first and second aspects of the invention can be realized independently of each other or in combination with each other.

[0010] According to a first aspect, there is provided a heat exchanger unit having the following features: The heat exchanger unit is intended to heat fresh water using the heat of wastewater, in particular for showers or bathtubs. It comprises a drain body through which the wastewater flows, at least one heat exchanger arranged in the drain body and connected to a freshwater supply, and a distribution element arranged to distribute the discharged wastewater to the at least one heat exchanger, the drain body having an elongated shape. It is true that in this specification the drain body is made of plastic and / or the distribution element is made of plastic.

[0011] The distribution element may form the outer wall of the siphon. In an embodiment, said distribution elements have a length at least three times, in particular at least five times, in particular at least seven times, greater than their width.

[0012] An "elongated shape" is to be understood as a shape of a heat exchanger unit in which the extent, in particular the extent of the cover frame, has a maximum extent in a projection onto a horizontal plane in a first direction, also called the longitudinal direction, which is at least twice as large as the extent in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, also called the transverse direction. The extent in the longitudinal direction is also called the length, and the extent in the transverse direction is called the width.

[0013] The terms "horizontal" and "vertical" herein and elsewhere in this text relate to the operating or mounting conditions of the heat exchanger unit.

[0014] In an embodiment, the drain body has a length of 30 cm to 90 cm and a width of 5 cm to 15 cm.

[0015] The fact that the distribution elements are made of plastic allows for inexpensive production, with further advantages over metal components being corrosion-resistant and less damaging to the environment during production.

[0016] Due to the fact that the distribution elements are made of plastic, their geometric shapes can be advantageously produced in a simple manner compared to sheet metal parts, which allows for a space-saving overall design.

[0017] In an embodiment, the distribution element comprises an overflow for distributing the discharged wastewater to the at least one heat exchanger, the overflow extending in a longitudinal direction of the distribution element and comprising alternating grooves and protrusions located between the grooves along the longitudinal direction; especially, The distance between the centers of the grooves is 1cm to 3cm. in each case, at least ten of said grooves are arranged along said overflow in succession and at the same distance from one another; At least one of the following applies.

[0018] This allows for a uniformly distributed flow along the length of the heat exchanger.

[0019] In an embodiment, during operation of the heat exchanger unit, waste water flows through the grooves in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, hereinafter referred to as the flow direction, and the grooves have a rounded cross section when considered in the flow direction; especially, The groove has a depth of 1.5 mm to 5 mm relative to the protrusion. each of the grooves has a base extending linearly along the flow direction at its deepest point, in particular in the range of 1 mm to 12 mm, in particular 2 mm to 8 mm, in particular 2 mm to 5 mm; In particular, said base is inclined in the direction of flow, In particular, the angle of inclination relative to the horizontal plane is between 10 and 30 degrees, in particular between 15 and 25 degrees, in particular at least about 20 degrees, At least one of the following applies.

[0020] This allows for a uniform flow distribution on the two sides of the heat exchanger, which applies not only to low flow rates but also to high flow rates, and which correspond, for example, to the two sides of a heat exchanger tube that is arranged on top of one another and extends longitudinally.

[0021] Because the distribution elements are made of plastic, the groove shape can be designed in essentially any way and can be oriented towards optimal flow characteristics of the wastewater, which flows downstream in the flow direction within the groove base of the groove.

[0022] In an embodiment, the wall section leading to the overflow and directing wastewater from the channel to the heat exchanger in operation extends vertically in the operating state of the heat exchanger unit.

[0023] The wastewater flows over this wall section and then over a set of horizontally extending overflow and longitudinally extending heat exchanger piping, which further contributes to distributing the flow to both sides of the heat exchanger. The lower edge of the wall section, where the wastewater leaves the wall section, may be serrated.

[0024] In an embodiment, the distribution element comprises support elements distributed along the longitudinal direction, the distribution element being supported or suspended above the heat exchanger by the support elements, in particular above the top piping of the heat exchanger in the overflow region by the support elements.

[0025] The position of the overflow relative to the heat exchanger is thereby determined by the support element, which resists deformation of the distribution element or displacement of the heat exchanger due to water pressure in the distribution element, which would compromise the position of the overflow above the heat exchanger, at least in the horizontal direction, and result in one-sided flow over the heat exchanger.

[0026] In an embodiment, said heat exchanger unit comprises a reinforcing element, in particular a reinforcing profile, in particular a reinforcing bracket, connected to said drain body for reinforcing said drain body, in particular said reinforcing element consisting of metal.

[0027] This allows the drain body to be manufactured from plastic and still achieve the required geometric accuracy according to the relevant standards, even when subjected to mechanical and thermal loads. This is particularly relevant to loads resulting from vertical forces that act on the drain cover and generate horizontal forces that would widen the drain body and compromise the sealing location. The drain body can withstand this horizontal widening thanks to the reinforcing bracket.

[0028] This makes it possible to replace known heat exchanger units, which until now have been manufactured from sheet metal, since only in this way could the mechanical stability be achieved, which is necessary for the sealing between the different elements when taking into account the elongated design.

[0029] In an embodiment, the reinforcing element is shaped as a profile element, for example having a tube profile, an L-profile, an H-profile or a T-profile, in particular a profile with a vertically extending section, in order to absorb vertical forces.

[0030] In an embodiment, there is additionally present a reinforcing element, in particular a reinforcing plate extending along one or both longitudinal sides of the drain body or a reinforcing bracket with vertically extending legs, which allows for high bending stiffness against moments about a horizontal axis in the transverse direction of the drain body, which may occur when a vertical load is applied to the center of the drain body.

[0031] In an embodiment, the additional reinforcing element is led below the drain body, for example by a reinforcing plate or bracket being bent at its lower end or led below the drain body.

[0032] In an embodiment, the reinforcement bracket is connected to the drain body in a form-fit manner, which allows mutual displacement between the reinforcement bracket and the drain body in the longitudinal direction of the drain body; In particular, the reinforcing bracket is connected to the drain body by a snap connection.

[0033] This allows the reinforcing bracket to be incorporated already during injection molding of the drain body or immediately afterwards. Here, the reinforcing bracket helps to maintain the shape of the drain body during cooling. The mutual displacement here allows the drain body to contract during cooling without stresses building up between the drain body and the reinforcing bracket. Furthermore, the displaceability allows compensation for differential expansion when taking into account temperature fluctuations during operation of the heat exchanger unit.

[0034] In an embodiment, the reinforcing bracket has at least a portion of the shape of an L-shaped profile, in particular having a horizontal leg that is continuous in the longitudinal direction of the drain body, and in particular having one or more vertical legs that are inserted into corresponding recesses in the drain body.

[0035] This allows vertical forces acting on the drain cover or cover frame to be guided through the drain body onto the horizontal legs, which provides reinforcement in the direction opposite to the horizontal deflection movement. The vertical legs guide the force from the drain body edge to the reinforcement bracket.

[0036] In an embodiment, the heat exchanger unit comprises at least one support element arranged outside the drain body in the region of the connecting piece of the heat exchanger and forming a support surface for receiving a vertically downward acting force, In particular, said at least one support element is formed as part of the reinforcing bracket.

[0037] Thus, at least one support element is integrally formed with the reinforcing bracket, where the support element may comprise force dissipation sections extending vertically downward from the support surface, in particular these sections being integrally molded with the support surface.

[0038] In an embodiment, the heat exchanger unit forms a funnel protruding from above into the distribution element, the funnel being in the form of an elongated shaft forming a siphon together with the distribution element, In particular, the funnel is made of plastic; In particular, at least one side wall of said funnel is provided with ribs or is shaped in a corrugated manner.

[0039] On the one hand, this reinforces the side wall, which in turn prevents it from being sucked against the distribution element by the wastewater flow. On the other hand, when the side wall faces the overflow due to its corrugated shape, it ensures that spheres of a defined diameter, as required by certain standards, can pass through the siphon in the funnel itself and in the section between the funnel and the overflow, while at the same time reducing the transverse space required by the overall design.

[0040] In an embodiment, a suppression element for blocking contaminants is arranged in the inlet area of ​​the funnel, the suppression element forming a reinforcement of the funnel in a direction opposite to the forces acting horizontally from the outside on the funnel, In particular, said restraining element is a perforated metal sheet or plate, In particular, the funnel comprises on its inside a protruding latching element for latching the restraining element onto the funnel.

[0041] This stabilizes the shape of the funnel, which in turn helps maintain pressure on the seal, and also prevents contaminants, especially hair, from overflowing or accumulating on the heat exchanger, which can disrupt uniform flow over the heat exchanger.

[0042] In an embodiment, the suppression element comprises on its upper side a higher located perforated area with through holes for passing effluent water and blocking residue, and at least one lower located collection area for collecting blocked residue, in particular the at least one collection area being essentially unperforated except for optionally small drain holes.

[0043] This allows the holes to block contaminants and collect them in the collection area without clogging. The drain holes do not contribute to the overall flow of wastewater, but dry out the collection area. They have a diameter of, for example, 2 to 5 mm.

[0044] In embodiments, the restraining element is inserted into a groove or channel that extends along the interior of the funnel in the longitudinal direction of the funnel, thereby stabilizing the position of the restraining element within the funnel and / or supporting the funnel against widening due to water pressure within the funnel.

[0045] In an embodiment, the heat exchanger unit includes a circumferential funnel seal disposed between the funnel and the drain body for sealing against a discharge area of ​​the heat exchanger unit, the funnel seal being compressed in the horizontal direction; especially, the funnel is inserted into the drain body by a snap connection, the funnel seal being deformed upon insertion and in embodiments forming part of the snap connection by latching onto a protrusion on the drain body; the funnel is inserted into the drain body by a snap connection, the funnel being deformed upon insertion and in embodiments forming part of the snap connection by latching onto a protrusion on the drain body; At least one of the following applies.

[0046] The funnel seal is generally located within the upper region of the funnel. This allows for a narrow construction of the heat exchanger unit. The horizontal compression of the funnel seal requires that it be located between the essentially vertical section of the inside of the drain body and the outer periphery of the funnel. Therefore, no horizontal section is needed between these two elements, which would lead to an increase in the horizontal space requirement.

[0047] In an embodiment, the heat exchanger unit comprises a top-mounted cover frame having vertical frame walls extending in the longitudinal direction of the heat exchanger unit, a snap connection being formed between the inside of the frame walls and the outside of the drain body to hold the cover frame on the drain body; In particular, a circumferential frame seal is disposed between the cover frame and the drain body.

[0048] This allows for a space-saving design of the heat exchanger unit, especially in the transverse direction.The flow of wastewater from the heat exchanger unit into the adjacent building structure can be prevented by the frame seal.

[0049] In an embodiment, the invention comprises a piping connection for connecting a fresh water conduit to the heat exchanger, the connection pieces being in particular made of metal, the connection pieces being each connected to the drain body by a geometric interlocking, the interlocking preventing rotation of the connection pieces relative to the drain body; In particular, the connecting piece and the drain body are each shaped in such a way that assembly of the connecting piece is only possible in one rotational position relative to the drain body, in particular due to the asymmetric shape of the engagement.

[0050] This allows for the forces to be directed into the drain body, which are generated when the conduit tubing is threaded into the connection piece. The restriction to a single rotational position ensures accurate assembly of the connection piece within the drain body. Accurate orientation is required so that asymmetrical connection elements of the heat exchanger are aligned with the connection piece when the heat exchanger is inserted into the drain body.

[0051] The engagement may be formed by internal multiple splines or wraps on the drain body and correspondingly shaped external multiple splines or wraps on the connecting piece.

[0052] According to a second aspect, there is provided a drain body having the following characteristics: In particular, there is provided a drain body for the heat exchanger unit described above, the drain body being adapted to receive an elongated heat exchanger adapted to receive wastewater and to be connected to a fresh water supply, the drain body having an elongated shape; The drain body is provided for a watertight connection on a base plate, for which the drain body comprises a connection frame, which in the operating state of the drain body is held against the drain body by at least one clamping device, thereby compressing an outer seal, which creates a seal between the drain body and its surroundings.

[0053] This allows a reliable sealing of the drain body to the surroundings in the assembled state, despite the drain body having an elongated shape. The outer seal seals the drain body to the surroundings regardless of the exact shape of the base plate. The combination of the connecting frame and the outer seal can compensate for unevenness or changes in the shape of the base plate during operation, so that they do not impair the seal.

[0054] Due to the fact that the drain body has an elongated opening, it is possible not to insert the elongated heat exchanger until after assembly of the drain body, and the heat exchanger can be later disassembled for overhaul or replacement.

[0055] This allows for a method of assembling a heat exchanger unit, which method includes, in order, the steps of first installing the drain body together with the heat exchanger, then assembling the fresh water conduit and the waste water conduit onto the drain body and optionally checking the seal, then completing the installation of the drain body, for example by surrounding it with a wall, and then installing a base plate to create a seal for the drain body.

[0056] In embodiments, the outer seal creates a seal between the drain body and the base plate in the operating condition.

[0057] This allows the clamping device to pull the base plate against the outer seal, ensuring a tight seal.

[0058] In an embodiment, the outer seal creates a seal between the drain body and the connection frame in the operating state, and there is a watertight bond between the connection frame and the base plate.

[0059] In an embodiment, said connection frame is fixedly connected, in particular glued, to said base plate, wherein said connection frame is able to stabilize the shape of the base plate.

[0060] In an embodiment, the at least one clamping device pulls the connection frame against the drain body, in particular against a drain body flange surrounding the frame body, in particular in the direction of a reinforcing bracket of the drain body.

[0061] In an embodiment, this is done by means of a screw threaded through the connection frame into a sleeve, which is further fastened to the reinforcing bracket.

[0062] In an embodiment, one, two or more clamping devices are positioned along each longitudinal side of the drain body.

[0063] In an embodiment, the clamping device is arranged only on the end face side of the drain body, not on the longitudinal side of the drain body.

[0064] This allows the drain body to be realized in a slim manner, where the rigidity of the drain body and the connection frame is high enough to ensure a seal between the two.

[0065] In an embodiment, said drain body comprises a reinforcing element, in particular a reinforcing profile, in particular a reinforcing bracket, connected to said drain body for reinforcing said drain body, in particular said reinforcing element consisting of metal.

[0066] The reinforcing elements can be designed similarly to the heat exchanger unit according to the first aspect. In addition, reinforcing elements as described therein, in particular reinforcing brackets, may also be present.

[0067] In an embodiment, said connecting frame comprises reinforcing elements or sections for vertical reinforcement.

[0068] Vertical stiffening refers to rotational stiffness of the drain body against rotation about a horizontal transverse axis, which extends perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.

[0069] For example, the connecting frame can be made up of profile elements with vertically extending sections for reinforcement. These profile elements can be manufactured into profile shapes by reshaping or extruding sheet metal.

[0070] In an embodiment, the connecting frame is made of stainless steel. In an embodiment, the drain body comprises connecting pieces for connecting fresh water conduits and for conducting fresh water to and from a heat exchanger arranged within the drain body through a side wall of the drain body.

[0071] According to a second aspect, there may be provided a connection frame, in particular for a drain body as described above, having the following characteristics: a profile extending along the periphery of an elongated rectangle; the profile comprises, on its upper side, a channel for receiving the edge of a base plate and a seal for sealing the base plate to the connection frame; The profile comprises reinforcing elements or sections extending along the longitudinal sides of the connecting frame for vertical reinforcement.

[0072] Further preferred embodiments are derived from the dependent patent claims. The subject matter of the invention will now be explained in more detail by way of examples of preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0073] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the heat exchanger unit. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the heat exchanger unit. [Figure 3] 10A and 10B show variations of the seal between the drain body and the funnel. [Figure 4] 10A and 10B show variations of the seal between the drain body and the funnel. [Figure 5] FIG. 10 shows details of a distribution element and an embodiment of an overflow. [Figure 6a] FIG. 10 shows details of a distribution element and an embodiment of an overflow. [Figure 6b] FIG. 10 shows details of a distribution element and an embodiment of an overflow. [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the drain body in the region of the connecting piece. [Figure 8] FIG. [Figure 9] 10A and 10B are diagrams showing modified examples of the reinforcing bracket. [Figure 10] 10A-10C show different embodiments of the support element. [Figure 11] 10A-10C show different embodiments of the support element. [Figure 12a] FIG. 10 shows the connection between the cover frame and the drain body. [Figure 12b] FIG. 10 shows the connection between the cover frame and the drain body. [Figure 13a]FIG. 10 shows a detail of the perforated plate and its connection with the funnel. [Figure 13b] FIG. 10 shows a detail of the perforated plate and its connection with the funnel. [Figure 13c] FIG. 10 shows a detail of the perforated plate and its connection with the funnel. [Figure 14] FIG. 10 shows the connection of the drain body onto the thick base plate of the shower tray. [Figure 15] FIG. 10 shows the connection of the drain body onto the thin base plate of the shower tray. [Figure 16] FIG. 16 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the end region of the design of FIG. 15. [Figure 17] FIG. 17 is an exploded view with the individual elements of FIG. 16. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0074] The reference numbers used in the drawings and their meanings are finally set out in the list of reference numbers, in which identical parts are essentially given the same reference numbers.

[0075] 1 and 2 are an exploded view and a cross-sectional view of the heat exchanger unit 10. The heat exchanger unit 10 includes the following elements.

[0076] The drain body 1 conducts water from the inlet area 11 through the heat exchanger unit 10 to the discharge area 12 and from the discharge piping stub 13 to a water pipe (not shown). The drain body 1 accommodates or supports further elements and positions them relative to one another. Here, the positioning must remain stable despite changes in mechanical and thermal loads, in particular to ensure a tight seal against drainage and sewer gases.

[0077] A heat exchanger 2 through which cold fresh water flows and over which warm waste water flows when the heat exchanger unit 10 is in operation.

[0078] The distribution element 3 forms the outer wall of the siphon on the one hand and distributes the wastewater evenly along the heat exchanger 2 on the other hand. Here, the wastewater flows via the overflow 31 into the top pipe of the heat exchanger 2 and then over the further pipes of the heat exchanger 2. In an embodiment not shown, the distribution element 3 merely serves to distribute the wastewater and does not form the outer wall of the siphon. In such an embodiment, the funnel 4, which will be described later, can also be dispensed with.

[0079] The funnel 4 forms the inner part of the siphon and directs the wastewater from the inlet area 11 to the distribution element 3. The funnel 4 is sealed against the inner wall of the drain body 1 by a funnel seal 45, thereby preventing sewage gases from leaving the discharge area 12 into the inlet area 11 and thus into the surroundings. The funnel 4 is provided with a circumferential collar 43, in the region of its collar edge 44 the funnel seal 45 is arranged.

[0080] The perforated plate 5, on the one hand, forms a mechanical reinforcement for the funnel 4 so that pressure, especially in the horizontal direction, can build up on the funnel seal 45 between the funnel 4 and the drain body 1. On the other hand, the perforated plate 5 acts as a filter to block contaminants in the drain, especially hair.

[0081] The cover frame 6 and the drain cover 7 form the visible parts of the heat exchanger unit 10. For example, they are made of stainless steel. The cover frame 6 is sealed against the upper edge 14 of the drain body by a frame seal 65. The drain cover 7 has through-openings through which wastewater can flow into the inlet area 11, where it can block contaminants. For example, the drain cover 7 can be designed as a flat plate with round holes or slots.

[0082] Reinforcement brackets 8 made of metal, in particular steel, reinforce the drain body 1 along its longitudinal direction against vertical and / or horizontal forces. This stabilizes, in particular, the shape of the drain body's upper edge 14 against mechanical and thermal loads. This, in turn, ensures the sealing function of the funnel seal 45 and / or the frame seal 65. The reinforcement brackets 8 can be pressed into the drain body 1 from below. During insertion, vertically extending reinforcing sections 82 of the reinforcement brackets 8 are pressed into corresponding downward-opening slots in the drain body edge 14. The horizontally extending longitudinal section 81 of the reinforcement brackets 8 extends along the length of the drain body 1. The longitudinal section 81 absorbs forces acting vertically downward on the drain body edge 14 and directed horizontally at least partially via the drain body flange 15, which supports the entire drain body 1 by resting on the longitudinal section 81. The reinforcing bracket 8 is provided with fastening slots 83 which fit into the snap connectors 18 of the drain body flange 15 but which now allow for mutual displacement in the longitudinal direction.

[0083] A connecting piece 9, for example made of a Cu-Zn alloy, forms the passage of fresh water to and from the heat exchanger 2 and the corresponding connection for the outer conduit of the drain body 1 and the inner heat exchanger 2.

[0084] In conclusion, it is essentially true that, due to the function of the described elements, the inlet area 11, the siphon and the discharge area 12 are arranged in the drain body, through which wastewater flows successively in this order during operation of the heat exchanger 2. Here, the inlet area 11 exchanges air with the surroundings above the heat exchanger unit 10, while the discharge area 12 exchanges air with a discharge pipe stub 13 provided for connection to the sewerage system. The siphon area prevents air exchange between the inlet and discharge areas, while allowing the passage of fluid from the inlet area to the discharge area. The extent of the siphon area is determined at the bottom by a distribution element 3 forming an overflow 31 that blocks the discharged wastewater and distributes it to at least one heat exchanger 2.

[0085] 3-4 show variants of the seal between the drain body and the funnel. In both cases, a funnel seal 45 is arranged between the drain body 1 and the funnel 4 and is generally horizontally compressed. The funnel seal 45 can completely surround the inside of the funnel 4 or the drain body edge 14. This allows for a space-saving design with respect to the width of the heat exchanger unit 10. According to FIG. 3, the funnel seal 45 is designed in an undulating manner, and the contour of the funnel seal 45 fits into a recess on the inside of the drain body edge 14, thereby forming a snap connection with the drain body edge 14. According to FIG. 4, the flange edge 44 on the circumferential flange 43 of the funnel is shaped to form snap elements 46 that fit into correspondingly shaped elements on the inside of the drain body edge 14, at least in individual locations. For example, the snap elements 46 can be recesses on the funnel, and the elements can be corresponding protrusions on the drain body edge 14, or vice versa. This design provides a clear signal to the user that the funnel 4 is snapped into the drain body 1 by the snapping of the funnel snap element 46 .

[0086] 5, 6, and 6a show a distribution element 3 with an overflow 31 and details of the overflow 31. The distribution element 3 can be made of metal or plastic. The choice of plastic allows the shape of the overflow 31 to be freely designed, optimizing the distribution of wastewater at different flow rates through the heat exchanger 2. In an embodiment, the overflow 31 has a row of grooves 32 with protrusions located between them. The grooves 32 have a rounded cross section (in a projection parallel to the flow direction of the wastewater on the overflow 31) and a specific length d along the flow direction, which allows for a uniform distribution of the wastewater through the heat exchanger 2, resulting in a flow on the heat exchanger at low and high flow rates. The length d is preferably between 1 mm and 12 mm, in particular between 2 mm and 8 mm, and in particular between 2 mm and 5 mm.

[0087] In the embodiments of Figures 5 and 6a, the grooves 32 extend only in the region of the overflow 31 when considered in the flow direction. In the embodiment of Figure 6b, the grooves extend further along a section of the distribution element 3 following the region of the overflow 31, which section preferably extends essentially vertically downwards in the operating state of the distribution element.

[0088] In an embodiment, the distribution element 3 is made of sheet metal. The overflow 31 may be provided with cuts distributed along the longitudinal direction of the overflow 31. Alternatively, the overflow 31 may be provided with a horizontal section, from which drainage is blocked, which horizontal section is provided with a row of holes arranged above the heat exchanger 2 in a longitudinally distributed manner.

[0089] In an embodiment, the distribution element 3 is injected from plastic, for example polypropylene. In an embodiment, 30 to 50, in particular 35 to 45, in particular at least about 40 grooves 32 are located along a length of 50 cm to 70 cm. The minimum distance between the grooves 32 is in particular 10 mm or 15 mm. These distribute a corresponding number of small water trickles in the top pipe of the heat exchanger 2, thereby ensuring good start-up behavior and high efficiency.

[0090] The distribution element 3 comprises support elements 33 distributed along the longitudinal direction of the heat exchanger 2 at a distance of 10 cm to 20 cm. They support the overflow 31 on the heat exchanger 2 and thereby determine the position of the overflow 31 relative to the top pipe of the heat exchanger 2. One or more of the support elements 33 can form a suspension of the distribution element 3 on the heat exchanger 2, in particular on the top pipe of the heat exchanger 2. For this reason, in the event of a movement of the heat exchanger 2 due to, for example, thermal expansion, the position of the overflow 31 relative to the heat exchanger 2 remains unchanged. Assuming that the distribution element 3 is rigid, the support elements 33 can prevent deformation of the overflow 31, especially if the distribution element 3 is made of plastic.

[0091] Figure 7 shows a cross-section of the drain body in the region of the connecting piece, and Figure 8 shows an exploded view in the region of the connecting piece. The connecting piece 9 conducts cold fresh water through the drain body 1 to the heat exchanger 2 and back again. The connecting piece 9 is pressed into a hole in the drain body 1 from the inside and tightened with a nut and fastening disk 93. An O-ring 91 seals the connection between the heat exchanger 2 and the connecting piece 9. The connecting piece 9 can only be assembled in one position in each case. This is because the connection of the heat exchanger 2 is not rotationally symmetrical, for example, because it has an opening for receiving a retaining element, which passes through the connection of the heat exchanger and the connecting piece 9. The rotational and fixed assembly of the connecting piece 9 is achieved by an irregular external multi-spline between the connecting piece 9 and the drain body 1, also referred to here as a meshing 92. This allows the connecting piece 9 to be assembled in only one position relative to rotation about its longitudinal axis. Another function of this external multi-spline or interlocking 92 is that when connecting a cold water conduit, a strong installer can transmit a high torque when tightening the screw between the conduit and the connection piece 9. The fixing disc 93 may be provided with tabs 94 that are bent upwards after tightening the nut 95 to form a rotation lock on the external hexagon of the nut 95.

[0092] 9 shows a view from below of the heat exchanger unit 10 with a variant of the reinforcing bracket 8. Here, only its longitudinal section 81 is visible. This section provides reinforcement for the heat exchanger unit 10 in the horizontal plane. In addition to the above elements, a sealing fleece 89 is shown which forms a watertight transition to the surrounding masonry and / or flooring / subfloor when the heat exchanger unit 10 is assembled.

[0093] 10-11 show different embodiments of the support element 85. If the mortar covering the cold water conduit of the connecting piece 9 or the drainage conduit of the drain body edge 14 is too small, there is a risk that the mortar will crack, which could tear the sealing fleece 89 located on the mortar layer. To address this, support elements 85 can be present; these are separate parts or elements integrally formed as one piece on one or both reinforcing brackets 8. In the embodiment of FIG. 10, the support element 85 protrudes far beyond the connecting piece 9, so that it can be supported on the mortar (not shown, below the sealing fleece 89) and thus direct any loads and / or movements away from the sealing fleece 89, which could tear it. In the embodiment of FIG. 11, the integral formation of the support element 85 on the longitudinal section 81 of the reinforcing bracket 8 is visible, along with optional integrally formed support legs for supporting it on a part of the building.

[0094] 12a and 12b illustrate the connection between the cover frame 6 and the drain body 1. The drain body edge 14 includes snap elements that form snap connections with corresponding frame snap elements 66 of the cover frame 6. These snap connections are distributed along the periphery of the drain body edge 14. For example, snap connections are located along the periphery on average every 8 to 30 cm. For example, this corresponds to 4 to 10 such snap connections along the entire periphery. Optionally, frame guide elements 67 are located between the snap connections found along the periphery. The frame guide elements 67 center the cover frame when installed and fitted onto the drain body 1. They then strengthen the mutual fixation of the drain body edge 14 and the cover frame 6 in the horizontal direction. Due to the fact that the frame guide elements 67 are located between the snap connections with the frame snap elements 66, they allow a certain degree of avoidance movement between the snap elements of the drain body edge 14 and the cover frame 6.

[0095] 13a-13c show details of the perforated plate 5 and its connection to the funnel 4 in various embodiments. The perforated plate 5 reinforces the funnel 4 against transverse compression, especially when the funnel 4 is made of plastic. This allows pressure to build up against the funnel seal 45 in the horizontal direction. The perforated plate 5 has perforations 52 through which wastewater can flow and where contaminants are blocked. Contaminants can accumulate in at least one lower collection area 53 without perforations 52 clogging the perforations 52 (FIG. 13a). The collection area 53 may have drainage holes 54 that do not significantly contribute to the passage of wastewater but drain the collection area 53 in the absence of wastewater flow.

[0096] A typical diameter of the through-hole 52 is, for example, 3 mm to 15 mm, particularly 5 mm to 10 mm. A typical diameter of the discharge hole 54 is, for example, 2 mm to 5 mm.

[0097] The perforated plate 5 and the funnel 4 may have corresponding elements that form a snap connection. In particular, the funnel 4 may have a longitudinal recessed channel or groove into which the edge of the perforated plate 5 is inserted. For example, the funnel 4 may have a longitudinally extending horizontal support groove 48 into which the horizontally extending legs of the perforated plate 5 are inserted, and the opposite vertically extending legs of the perforated plate 5 are pressed against the opposite inner wall of the funnel 4 (FIG. 13b). The approximately horizontal, slightly inclined legs are located on an equally inclined section of the funnel 4 that leads to the funnel 4, and the vertically extending legs have a certain minimum length, which prevents the perforated plate 5 from rotating and sliding into the funnel 4. Alternatively, longitudinally extending vertical retaining grooves 49 are present on the inside of opposite sides of the funnel 4, into which the downwardly facing vertical legs of the perforated plate 5 are inserted (Fig. 13c). The perforated plate 5 thereby holds the side walls of the funnel 4 together and prevents any widening. Horizontal or vertical grooves can be molded onto the funnel 4. Different variations of the retaining grooves according to Figs. 13b and 13c can be combined with different forms of the perforated plate 5 according to Figs. 13a, 13b or 13c.

[0098] 14 to 16 show different embodiments of the connection of the drain body 1 to the base plate 100. This can be the base plate 100 of a shower tray, a shower tub, a shower cabin, or another surface where drainage occurs. Depending on the type and thickness of the base plate 100, different advantageous designs are obtained. What they all have in common is the fact that a reliable seal between the drain body 1 and the base plate 100 is achieved despite the elongated shape of the heat exchanger unit 10. Optionally, the shape of the base plate 100 is stabilized by the heat exchanger unit 10. Thus, here, the heat exchanger unit 10 has a supporting effect on the base plate 100. Here, the base plate 100 can be clamped to the heat exchanger unit 10. The connection between the heat exchanger unit 10 and the base plate 100 can be reversible.

[0099] 14 shows the connection of the drain body 1 onto a relatively thick base plate 100. For example, the base plate 100 is made of a mineral material. The connection is made by a connection frame 101.

[0100] After assembly onto the drain body 1, the connecting frame 101, which is arranged above the drain body flange 15, is clamped to the drain body 1, in particular to the reinforcing bracket 8, by a clamping device 103. For example, this is done by means of a screw 1032 which passes through the connecting frame 101 and is screwed into a sleeve 1031, which is further fastened to the reinforcing bracket 8. The clamping device 103 clamps the base plate 100 against an outer seal 102 which forms a seal between the base plate 100 and the drain body 1, in particular the drain body edge 14 and / or the drain body flange 15. The outer seal 102 prevents wastewater from penetrating into the structure above the base plate 100. The connecting frame 101 can be pressed against the circumferential frame seal 65 above the drain body edge 14 to prevent wastewater from leaking between these elements.

[0101] Each of the sealing rings 1033 is applied around the sleeve 1031 between the drain body flange 15 and the longitudinal section 81. They prevent wastewater from passing along the sleeve 1031 between the drain body flange 15 and the longitudinal section 81. The drain cover 7 covers the connecting frame 101 and the screws 1032.

[0102] The clamping devices 103 may be placed at regular intervals along both longitudinal sides of the heat exchanger unit 10. For example, the clamping devices 103 may be present every 5 cm to 30 cm.

[0103] This clamping along the longitudinal sides ensures that the base plate 100 is pressed firmly against the reinforcing bracket 8 and sealed along the longitudinal sides. Sealing of the lateral sides is not an issue due to their short length.

[0104] 15 shows the connection of the drain body to a relatively thin base plate of a shower tray. The base plate 100 may be made of e.g. steel enamel or a composite material, such as a combination of plastic and / or mineral material and / or glass fiber. The plastic may be, for example, an acrylic resin or a thermoplastic.

[0105] The connecting frame 101, which is reinforced by itself, extends along the outer periphery of the heat exchanger unit 10 and connects to the base plate 100. The base plate 100 is sealed to the connecting frame 101 by a sealant 1034 along its inner edge facing the heat exchanger unit 10. In particular, the sealant 1034 also serves as an adhesive. Here, this edge can be inserted into a circumferential channel in the connecting frame 101. To reinforce the connecting frame 101 vertically, if it is made of reshaped sheet metal, it can also have one or more vertically extending sections. The connecting frame 101 is already connected or glued to the base plate 100 in a factory after its manufacture. The connecting frame 101 then contributes to the reinforcement of the base plate 100. The reinforcing bracket 8 can be located on the structural body, for example, a plate or beam.

[0106] After assembly onto the drain body 1, the connection frame 101, which is arranged above the drain body flange 15, is clamped to the drain body 1, in particular to the reinforcing bracket 8, by a clamping device 103. For example, this is done by means of a screw 1032 which passes through the connection frame 101 and is screwed into a sleeve 1031, which is further fastened to the reinforcing bracket 8. The clamping device 103 clamps the connection frame 101 to the drain body 1, in particular to the drain body edge 14 and / or the drain body flange 15. Here, the outer seal 102 forms a seal between the connection frame 101 and the drain body 1, in particular to the drain body edge 14 and / or the drain body flange 15. Here, a watertight connection exists between the connection frame 101 and the base plate 100. The outer seal 102 prevents wastewater from penetrating into the structure below the base plate 100. The connection frame 101 can be pressed against the circumferential frame seal 65 above the drain body edge 14 to prevent wastewater from leaking between these elements.

[0107] The drain cover 7 covers the connection frame 101 and the screws 1032. It may be provided with reinforcing ribs and / or may be located at lateral locations.

[0108] Here, the reinforcing brackets 8 are reinforced by further reinforcing brackets 86, particularly those with vertically extending legs, thereby achieving greater bending stiffness against vertical forces. The reinforcing brackets 86 have horizontal legs on which the horizontal legs of the corresponding reinforcing brackets 8 are located, and vertical legs that extend downward along the side walls of the drain body 1. Optionally, the vertical legs of one or both of the reinforcing brackets 86 may be bent at their lower ends and guided horizontally below the drain body 1. This allows the force between the connecting frame 101 and the drain body 1, particularly the drain body flange 15, to be applied across the entire length of the heat exchanger unit 10, which is necessary for sealing. For this reason, the clamping devices 103 can be positioned exclusively on the lateral sides of the heat exchanger unit 10, while still ensuring that the outer seal 102 is securely clamped between the connecting frame 101 and the drain body 1 or the drain body flange 15 across the entire length of the heat exchanger unit 10. This allows for a particularly slim design of the heat exchanger unit 10.

[0109] 16 is a longitudinal section of the end region of the design of FIG. 15, and FIG. 17 is an exploded view with the individual elements. There is only one clamping device 103 at each of the two ends of the heat exchanger unit 10, which pulls the connecting frame 101 against the drain body 1 or the drain body flange 15, thereby compressing the outer seal 102 along the entire length of the heat exchanger unit 10. Only in the end regions do the clamping devices 103 protrude below the connecting frame 101 and the base plate 100. For example, the clamping device 103 is a threaded connection, via screws 1032, of the connecting frame 101 to a sleeve 1031 fastened onto the longitudinal section 81. The drain cover 7 can be installed on the threads of the clamping devices 103.

[0110] Common to the above embodiments is the fact that the drain body 1 can be assembled inside the building, a fresh water conduit can be connected and, with the heat exchanger 2 inserted, a sealability test can be carried out before, for example, a shower surface with a base plate 10 is mounted. Thereafter, when the heat exchanger unit 10 is in operation, the heat exchanger 2 can be removed from the heat exchanger unit 10 and inspected or replaced. For this purpose, the drain body 1 can be opened and closed in a reversible manner, in other words without destruction.

[0111] The above-mentioned embodiments disclose heat exchanger units each having a single row of heat exchanger pipes arranged one above the other. In principle, the invention can also be implemented with other heat exchangers, for example with two or more rows of heat exchanger pipes arranged one above the other or with heat exchanger pipes arranged offset from one another. In particular, the heat exchangers described in the first-mentioned WO 2015 / 106362 A1 or US 10,072,897 B1 may be present. Also, several heat exchangers may be arranged transversely and / or longitudinally consecutively within the same drain body.

Claims

1. A heat exchanger unit (10) for heating fresh water by heat from waste water, in particular for a shower or bathtub, comprising a drain body (1) through which the waste water flows, at least one heat exchanger (2) arranged in the drain body (1) and connected to a fresh water delivery device, and a distribution element (3) arranged to distribute the discharged waste water to the at least one heat exchanger (2), the drain body (1) having an elongated shape, in particular the distribution element (3) forming the outer wall of a siphon, The drain body (1) is made of plastic, and / or a heat exchanger unit (10), characterized in that the distribution element (3) is made of plastic.

2. 2. A heat exchanger unit (10) according to claim 1, wherein the distribution element (3) has a length at least three times, in particular at least five times, in particular at least seven times, greater than its width.

3. The distribution element (3) comprises an overflow (31) for distributing the discharged wastewater to the at least one heat exchanger (2), the overflow (31) extending in the longitudinal direction of the distribution element (3) and comprising alternating grooves (32) and protrusions located between the grooves (32) along the longitudinal direction, especially, the distance between the centres of the grooves (32) is between 1 cm and 3 cm; at least ten of said grooves (32) are arranged at equal distances from one another without interruption along said overflow (31); 10. A heat exchanger unit (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the following applies:

4. During operation of the heat exchanger unit (10), wastewater flows through the grooves (32) in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, hereinafter referred to as the flow direction, and the grooves (32) have a rounded cross section when considered in the flow direction; especially, - the groove (32) has a depth of 1.5 mm to 5 mm relative to the protrusion; each of said grooves (32) has a base extending in a straight line along said flow direction, in particular in the range of 1 mm to 12 mm, in particular 2 mm to 8 mm, in particular 2 mm to 5 mm, at its deepest point; In particular, the base is inclined in the flow direction; In particular, the angle of inclination relative to the horizontal plane is between 10 and 30 degrees, in particular between 15 and 25 degrees, in particular at least about 20 degrees; 4. The heat exchanger unit (10) according to claim 3, wherein at least one of the following is applied:

5. 5. The heat exchanger unit (10) of claim 3 or 4, wherein the wall section leading to the overflow (31) and directing wastewater from the groove (32) to the heat exchanger (2) during operation extends vertically in the operating state of the heat exchanger unit (10).

6. 6. A heat exchanger unit (10) according to claim 3, 4 or 5, wherein the distribution element (3) comprises support elements (33) distributed along the longitudinal direction, and the distribution element (3) is supported or suspended on the heat exchanger (2) by the support elements (33), in particular on the top piping of the heat exchanger (2) in the region of the overflow (31) by the support elements (33).

7. 10. A heat exchanger unit (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a reinforcing element, in particular a reinforcing profile, in particular a reinforcing bracket (8), connected to said drain body (1) for reinforcing said drain body (1), in particular said reinforcing element being made of metal.

8. the reinforcing bracket (8) is connected to the drain body (1) in a form-fitting manner, which allows mutual displacement between the reinforcing bracket (8) and the drain body (1) in the longitudinal direction of the drain body (1); A heat exchanger unit (10) according to claim 7, in particular, wherein the reinforcing bracket (8) is connected to the drain body (1) by means of a snap connection.

9. 9. A heat exchanger unit (10) according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the reinforcing bracket (8) has at least a part of the shape of an L-shaped profile, in particular having a horizontal leg that is continuous in the longitudinal direction of the drain body (1) and in particular having one or more vertical legs that are inserted into corresponding recesses in the drain body (1).

10. at least one support element (85) arranged outside the drain body (1) in the region of the connecting piece (9) of the heat exchanger (2) and forming a support surface for receiving a vertically downward acting force, 10. A heat exchanger unit (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, in particular, wherein said at least one support element (85) is formed as part of a reinforcing bracket (8).

11. a funnel (4) protruding from above into said distribution element (3), said funnel (4) having the shape of an elongated shaft forming a siphon together with said distribution element (3); In particular, said funnel (4) is made of plastic; 10. A heat exchanger unit (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, in particular, at least one side wall of said funnel is provided with ribs (42) or is shaped in a corrugated manner.

12. a suppression element (5) for blocking contaminants is arranged in the inlet area of ​​the funnel (4), said suppression element (5) forming a reinforcement of the funnel (4) in the direction opposite to the forces acting horizontally from the outside on the funnel (4); In particular, said restraining element (5) is a perforated metal sheet or plate, 12. Heat exchanger unit (10) according to claim 11, in particular, wherein the funnel (4) comprises on its inside a protruding latching element for latching the restricting element (5) onto the funnel.

13. 13. A heat exchanger unit (10) according to claim 12, wherein the suppression element (5) comprises on its upper side a higher-lying perforated area with through holes (52) for passing the discharged water and blocking the residue, and at least one lower-lying collection area (53) for collecting the blocked residue, in particular the at least one collection area (35) being essentially unperforated except for optionally small drain holes (54).

14. a circumferential funnel seal (45) disposed between the funnel (4) and the drain body (1) for sealing against the discharge area (12) of the heat exchanger unit (10), the funnel seal (45) being compressed in the horizontal direction; especially, - the funnel (4) is inserted into the drain body (1) by a snap connection, the funnel seal (45) being deformed upon insertion to latch onto a protrusion on the drain body (1) thereby forming part of the snap connection; - the funnel (4) is inserted into the drain body (1) by a snap connection, the funnel (4) being deformed upon insertion to latch onto a protrusion on the drain body (1) thereby forming part of the snap connection; 10. A heat exchanger unit (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the following applies:

15. a cover frame (6) installed on top, having vertical frame walls (61) extending in the longitudinal direction of the heat exchanger unit (10), with a snap connection formed between the inner side of the frame walls (61) and the outer side of the drain body (1) for holding the cover frame (6) on the drain body (1); 10. A heat exchanger unit (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, in particular wherein a circumferential frame seal (65) is arranged between said cover frame (6) and said drain body (1).

16. a piping connection for connecting a fresh water conduit onto the heat exchanger (2), with a connecting piece (9), in particular made of metal, which connecting piece (9) is in each case connected to the drain body (1) by a geometric interlocking, which prevents rotation of the connecting piece (9) relative to the drain body (1); A heat exchanger unit (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, in particular, wherein each of the connecting piece (9) and the drain body (1) is shaped such that assembly of the connecting piece (9) is possible only in one rotational position relative to the drain body (1), in particular due to the asymmetric shape of the interlocking.

17. A drain body (1) for a heat exchanger unit (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, in particular, the drain body (1) being adapted to allow wastewater to flow through it, the drain body (1) being adapted to receive an elongated heat exchanger (2) adapted to lead to a fresh water delivery system, the drain body (1) having an elongated shape, The drain body (1) is provided on a base plate (100) for a watertight connection, and for this purpose the drain body (1) comprises a connection frame (101), which in the operating state of the drain body (1) is held against the drain body (1) by at least one clamping device (103), thereby compressing an outer seal (102), which creates a seal between the drain body (1) and its surroundings.

18. 18. The drain body (1) of claim 17, wherein the outer seal (102) creates a seal between the drain body (1) and the base plate (100) in the operating state.

19. 18. The drain body (1) according to claim 17, wherein the outer seal (102) forms a seal between the drain body (1) and the connection frame (101) in the operating state, and a watertight connection exists between the connection frame (101) and the base plate (100).

20. The drain body (1) according to any one of claims 17 to 19, wherein the at least one clamping device (103) pulls the connection frame (101) against the drain body (1), in particular against a drain body flange (15) surrounding the drain body (1), in particular in the direction of a reinforcing bracket (8) of the drain body (1).

21. Drain body (1) according to any one of claims 17 to 20, wherein one, two or more clamping devices (103) are arranged along each longitudinal side of the drain body (1).

22. The drain body (1) according to any one of claims 17 to 20, wherein the clamping device (103) is arranged only on the end face side of the drain body (1) and not on the longitudinal side of the drain body (1).

23. The drain body (1) according to any one of claims 17 to 22, wherein the drain body (1) comprises a reinforcing element, in particular a reinforcing profile, in particular a reinforcing bracket (8), connected to the drain body (1) for reinforcing the drain body (1), in particular the reinforcing element being made of metal.

24. Drain body (1) according to any one of claims 17 to 23, wherein the connection frame (101) comprises reinforcing elements or reinforcing sections for vertical reinforcement.

25. The drain body (1) according to any one of claims 17 to 24, wherein the connection frame (101) is made of stainless steel.

26. The drain body (1) according to any one of claims 17 to 25, wherein the drain body (1) comprises connecting pieces (9) for connecting fresh water conduits and for conducting fresh water to and from a heat exchanger (2) arranged in the drain body (1) through the side wall of the drain body (1).

27. A connection frame (101) for a drain body (1), in particular according to any one of claims 17 to 26, comprising: - comprising a profile extending along the periphery of an elongated rectangle; - said profile comprises, on its upper side, a channel for receiving the edge of said base plate (100) and a seal for sealing said base plate (100) to said connection frame (101); - A connecting frame (101), wherein said profile comprises reinforcing elements or reinforcing sections extending along the longitudinal sides of said connecting frame (101) for vertical reinforcement.

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