Protein powder composition and method for preparing the same

Abstract

Embodiments of this disclosure generally relate to protein powder compositions and methods for preparing them. In one or more embodiments, the method includes coating a plurality of protein powder particles containing myoglobin with an aluminum oxide coating to form a plurality of coated particles during an atomic layer coating (ALC) process. The protein powder composition has improved properties compared to the corresponding uncoated protein powder. The protein powder composition has greater flowability, density, and a higher level of recoverability compared to the corresponding uncoated protein powder.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to protein powder compositions and methods of preparing protein powder compositions, and more specifically, to coated protein powders and coating processes for preparing the same.

Background Art

[0002] Vaccines are generally protein-based and may have a relatively short shelf life even when maintained below ambient temperature. The stability of proteins in the solid state is prone to aggregation during storage and requires formulation and refrigerated storage. Lyophilized and spray-dried formulations may have poor flowability. Most solid protein formulations require refrigerated storage even after using excipients to stabilize the formulation. Formulations of proteins stabilized by sugar molecules may be stable for a few days under ambient conditions, but are not robust implementations.

[0003] Therefore, there is a need for improved protein powder compositions and methods of preparing protein powder compositions.

Summary of the Invention

[0004] Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to methods of forming or otherwise preparing protein powder compositions, and to compositions formed by such methods.

[0005] In one or more embodiments, a method for forming a protein powder composition is provided, which comprises placing a plurality of protein powder particles in a processing area of ​​a processing chamber and coating the plurality of protein powder particles with an aluminum oxide coating to form a plurality of coated particles during an atomic layer coating (ALC) process. Each protein powder particle contains myoglobin. The ALC process comprises one or more deposition cycles, each deposition cycle comprising exposing the plurality of protein powder particles to an aluminum precursor, permeating the plurality of protein powder particles with the aluminum precursor through the spaces between the protein powder particles, purging the processing area to remove gaseous residue containing the aluminum precursor, exposing the plurality of protein powder particles to an oxidizing agent, permeating the plurality of protein powder particles with the oxidizing agent through the spaces between the protein powder particles to generate an aluminum oxide coating disposed on the outer surface of each protein powder particle, and purging the processing area to remove gaseous residue containing the oxidizing agent.

[0006] In some embodiments, a method for forming a protein powder composition is provided, which comprises placing a plurality of protein powder particles, each protein powder particle containing myoglobin, within a processing area of ​​a processing chamber. The method also comprises coating the plurality of protein powder particles with an aluminum oxide coating to form a plurality of coated particles during the ALC process, wherein the plurality of coated particles have a greater flowability value than the plurality of protein powder particles. The ALC process comprises one or more deposition cycles, each deposition cycle comprising exposing the plurality of protein powder particles to an aluminum precursor, purging the processing area to remove a gaseous residue containing the aluminum precursor, exposing the plurality of protein powder particles to an oxidizing agent, and purging the processing area to remove a gaseous residue containing the oxidizing agent.

[0007] In another embodiment, a protein powder composition is provided which comprises a plurality of coated particles, each coated particle containing a myoglobin-containing protein powder particle and a coating containing aluminum oxide arranged around the respective protein powder particle.

[0008] To allow for a detailed understanding of the features of this disclosure, a more specific description of this disclosure, which has been briefly summarized above, is made by reference to embodiments, some of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be noted that the accompanying drawings only illustrate exemplary embodiments and should not be considered limiting in scope, allowing for other similarly effective embodiments. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0009] [Figure 1] This is a graph showing the dissolution times of various protein powder samples, as described and discussed in one or more embodiments herein. [Figure 2] This is a graph showing the moisture content of various protein powder samples, as described and discussed in one or more embodiments herein. [Figure 3] This is a graph showing the soluble protein recovery rate of a freeze-dried protein powder sample, as described and discussed in one or more embodiments herein. [Figure 4] This is a graph showing the soluble protein recovery rate of an unprepared protein powder sample, as described and discussed in one or more embodiments herein. [Figure 5] This is a graph showing the soluble protein recovery rate of a spray-dried protein powder sample, as described and discussed in one or more embodiments herein. [Figure 6] This is a graph showing the relative amount of aggregates in soluble proteins of a freeze-dried protein powder sample, as described and discussed in one or more embodiments herein. [Figure 7] This is a graph showing the relative amount of aggregates in soluble proteins of an unprepared protein powder sample, as described and discussed in one or more embodiments herein. [Figure 8] This is a graph showing the relative amount of aggregates in soluble proteins of a spray-dried protein powder sample, as described and discussed in one or more embodiments herein. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0010] For ease of understanding, the same reference numerals are used to indicate identical elements common to the drawings, where possible. Elements and features of one or more embodiments may be usefully incorporated into other embodiments.

[0011] Embodiments of this disclosure generally relate to methods for forming or otherwise preparing protein powder compositions, and compositions formed by such methods. The protein powder compositions have improved properties compared to the corresponding uncoated protein powders. The protein powder compositions have greater flowability, density, and a higher level of recoverability compared to the corresponding uncoated protein powders. The protein powder compositions may be coated pharmaceutical compositions or drugs, or may contain vaccines, active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), and various food and / or flavoring products. In some embodiments, the protein powder compositions may be vaccines having a coating containing aluminum oxide or alumina, which has an extended and / or more stable shelf life than the same vaccine without coating, or may contain such vaccines.

[0012] In one or more embodiments, a method is provided for preparing, or otherwise forming, a protein powder composition, the method comprising placing a plurality of protein powder particles within a processing area of ​​a processing chamber. The method also comprises coating the plurality of protein powder particles with an aluminum oxide coating to form a plurality of coated particles during an ALC process. The ALC process comprises one or more deposition cycles, each deposition cycle comprising exposing the plurality of protein powder particles to an aluminum precursor, purging the processing area to remove a gaseous residue containing the aluminum precursor, exposing the plurality of protein powder particles to an oxidizing agent, and purging the processing area to remove a gaseous residue containing the oxidizing agent.

[0013] The protein powder composition contains a plurality of coated particles, each coated particle having a protein powder particle containing at least myoglobin and a coating arranged around each protein powder particle. The coating contains aluminum oxide.

[0014] In one or more embodiments, the coated particles have a greater flowability value than the uncoated protein powder particles. In some embodiments, the coated particles have a greater bulk density than the protein powder particles.

[0015] Protein powder particles are protein compositions in the form of fine particles. Each protein composition and / or each protein powder particle contains, includes, comprises, consists of, or essentially consists of one or more proteins and optionally one or more other components. Exemplary proteins may be myoglobin, lysozyme, capsids, one or more polypeptides, their derivatives, or any combination thereof, or may contain them.

[0016] In some embodiments, the protein composition and / or each protein powder particle contains, includes, or essentially consists of one or more sugars and / or one or more sugar alcohols. Exemplary sugars and / or sugar alcohols may be sucrose, mannitol, lactose, trehalose, sorbitol, its isomers, its derivatives, its salts, or any combination thereof, or may contain them. The protein composition and / or each protein powder particle contains about 0.01% to about 15% by mass of sugars.

[0017] In some embodiments, the protein composition and / or each protein powder particle contains, includes, or includes one or more buffers. Exemplary buffers may be potassium phosphate (e.g., potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, or a mixture thereof), sodium phosphate (e.g., sodium dihydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, or a mixture thereof), derivatives thereof, or any combination thereof, or may include them. The protein composition and / or each protein powder particle contains about 0.01% to about 15% by mass of buffers.

[0018] In some embodiments, the protein composition and / or each protein powder particle contains, includes, includes, or essentially consists of one or more additives and / or one or more other components. Exemplary additives and / or other components may be one or more surfactants, one or more isotonic agents, one or more antioxidants, one or more chelating agents, one or more preservatives, one or more amino acids, one or more monomers, one or more polymers, derivatives thereof, or any combination thereof, or may contain them. The protein composition and / or each protein powder particle contains about 0.01% to about 15% by mass of additives and / or other components.

[0019] The protein composition is processed by various techniques or otherwise transformed into particles to produce protein powder particles. In one or more examples, the protein powder particles are produced by a spray-drying process. The protein composition is spray-dried to produce protein powder particles. In other examples, the protein powder particles are produced by a freeze-drying process. The protein composition is freeze-dried to produce protein powder particles.

[0020] In one or more embodiments, the plurality of protein powder particles have an average particle size in the range of approximately 0.1 μm, approximately 0.5 μm, approximately 1 μm, approximately 2 μm, approximately 5 μm, approximately 8 μm, approximately 10 μm, approximately 15 μm, approximately 20 μm, approximately 30 μm, approximately 40 μm, approximately 50 μm, approximately 60 μm, approximately 80 μm, or approximately 100 μm to approximately 120 μm, approximately 150 μm, approximately 200 μm, approximately 250 μm, approximately 300 μm, approximately 400 μm, approximately 500 μm, approximately 600 μm, approximately 800 μm, approximately 800 μm, approximately 900 μm, approximately 1,000 μm, approximately 1,200 μm, approximately 1,500 μm, or larger. For example, multiple protein powder particles can range in size from approximately 0.1 μm to 1,500 μm, 1 μm to 1,500 μm, 1 μm to 1,200 μm, 1 μm to 1,000 μm, 1 μm to 800 μm, 1 μm to 600 μm, 1 μm to 500 μm, 1 μm to 400 μm, 1 μm to 300 μm, 1 μm to 200 μm, and 1 μm to 150 μm. , about 1 μm to about 100 μm, about 1 μm to about 80 μm, about 1 μm to about 50 μm, about 1 μm to about 35 μm, about 1 μm to about 20 μm, about 1 μm to about 15 μm, about 1 μm to about 10 μm, Approximately 1 μm to approximately 8 μm, approximately 1 μm to approximately 5 μm, approximately 100 μm to approximately 1,500 μm, approximately 100 μm to approximately 1,200 μm, approximately 100 μm to approximately 1,000 μm, approximately 100 μm to approximately 800 μm m, about 100μm to about 600μm, about 100μm to about 500μm, about 100μm to about 400μm, about 100μm to about 300μm, about 100μm to about 200μm, about 100μm to about Approximately 150μm, approximately 100μm to approximately 120μm, approximately 500μm to approximately 1,500μm, approximately 500μm to approximately 1,200μm, approximately 500μm to approximately 1,000μm, approximately 500μm to approximately 800 The particles have an average particle size in the range of μm, approximately 500 μm to 600 μm, approximately 10 μm to 1,000 μm, approximately 100 μm to 1,000 μm, approximately 200 μm to 1,000 μm, approximately 350 μm to 1,000 μm, approximately 500 μm to 1,000 μm, approximately 600 μm to 1,000 μm, approximately 800 μm to 1,000 μm, or approximately 900 μm to 1,000 μm.

[0021] In some embodiments, the coating and / or aluminum oxide coating has a thickness in the range of about 1 nm, about 2 nm, about 3 nm, about 4 nm, about 5 nm, about 6 nm, about 7 nm, about 8 nm, about 9 nm, about 10 nm, about 12 nm, about 15 nm, about 18 nm, or about 20 nm to about 22 nm, about 25 nm, about 30 nm, about 35 nm, about 40 nm, about 50 nm, about 60 nm, about 70 nm, about 80 nm, about 90 nm, about 95 nm, about 100 nm, or more. For example, the coating and / or aluminum oxide coating has a thickness in the range of about 1 nm to about 100 nm, about 2 nm to about 100 nm, about 3 nm to about 100 nm, about 5 nm to about 100 nm, about 6 nm to about 100 nm, about 8 nm to about 100 nm, about 10 nm to about 100 nm, about 12 nm to about 100 nm, about 15 nm to about 100 nm, about 18 nm to about 100 nm, about 20 nm to about 100 nm, about 30 nm to about 100 nm, about 40 nm to about 100 nm, about 50 nm to about 100 nm, about 60 nm to about 100 nm, or about 80 nm to about 100 nm.

[0022] In one or more embodiments, the coated particles and / or each coated particle may contain aluminum oxide in the range of about 0.2% by mass, about 0.3% by mass, about 0.5% by mass, about 0.8% by mass, about 1% by mass, about 1.2% by mass, about 1.5% by mass, about 1.8% by mass, about 2% by mass, about 2.5% by mass, about 3% by mass, about 3.5% by mass, or about 4% to about 4.5% by mass, about 5% by mass, about 5.5% by mass, about 6% by mass, about 6.5% by mass, about 7% by mass, about 7.5% by mass, about 8% by mass, about 8.5% by mass, about 9% by mass, about 9.5% by mass, about 10% by mass, about 11% by mass, about 12% by mass, about 15% by mass, about 20% by mass, or more. For example, the coated particles and / or each coated particle may be about 0.5% by weight to about 12% by weight, about 0.5% by weight to about 10% by weight, about 0.5% by weight to about 8% by weight, about 0.5% by weight to about 7% by weight, about 0.5% by weight to about 6% by weight, about 0.5% by weight Mass% to approximately 5 mass%, approximately 0.5 mass% to approximately 4 mass%, approximately 0.5 mass% to approximately 3 mass%, approximately 0.5 mass% to approximately 2 mass%, approximately 0.5 mass% to approximately 1 mass%, approximately 1 mass% to approximately 12 mass%, approximately 1 mass% to approximately 10 mass%, approximately 1 mass% to approximately 8% by mass, about 1% by mass to about 7% by mass, about 1% to about 6% by mass, about 1% to about 5% by mass, about 1% to about 4% by mass, about 1% to about 3% by mass, about 1% to about 2% by mass, about 1% to about 1.5% by mass, about 3% by mass to about 1% by mass It may contain aluminum oxide in the range of 2% by weight, about 3% to about 10% by weight, about 3% to about 8% by weight, about 3% to about 7% by weight, about 3% to about 6% by weight, about 3% to about 5% by weight, or about 3% to about 4% by weight.

[0023] In one or more embodiments, the coated particles and / or each coated particle may contain protein powder particles in the range of about 30 wt%, about 40 wt%, about 50 wt%, about 60 wt%, about 70 wt%, about 80 wt%, about 85 wt%, about 88 wt%, about 90 wt%, about 91 wt%, about 92 wt%, about 93 wt%, about 94 wt%, or about 95 wt% to about 96 wt%, about 97 wt%, about 98 wt%, about 99 wt%, about 99.2 wt%, about 99.5 wt%, about 99.8 wt%, about 99.9 wt%, or about 99.95 wt%. For example, the coated particles and / or each coated particle may contain protein powder particles in the range of about 30 wt% to about 99.8 wt%, about 50 wt% to about 99.8 wt%, about 70 wt% to about 99.8 wt%, about 85 wt% to about 99.8 wt%, about 88 wt% to about 99.8 wt%, about 90 wt% to about 99.8 wt%, about 92 wt% to about 99.8 wt%, about 95 wt% to about 99.8 wt%, about 96 wt% to about 99.8 wt%, about 90 wt% to about 99.5 wt%, about 92 wt% to about 99.5 wt%, about 93 wt% to about 99.5 wt%, about 95 wt% to about 99.5 wt%, about 96 wt% to about 99.5 wt%, about 97 wt% to about 99.5 wt%, about 98 wt% to about 99.5 wt%, about 90 wt% to about 99 wt%, about 92 wt% to about 99 wt%, about 93 wt% to about 99 wt%, about 95 wt% to about 99 wt%, about 96 wt% to about 99 wt%, about 97 wt% to about 99 wt%, about 98 wt% to about 99 wt%, about 90 wt% to about 95 wt%, about 92 wt% to about 95 wt%, or about 93 wt% to about 95 wt%.

[0024] In one or more examples, the coated particles and / or each coated particle may contain aluminum oxide in the range of about 0.2 wt% to about 15 wt% and protein powder particles in the range of about 85 wt% to about 99.8 wt%. In other examples, the coated particles and / or each coated particle may contain aluminum oxide in the range of about 0.5 wt% to about 10 wt% and protein powder particles in the range of about 90 wt% to about 99.5 wt%. In some examples, the coated particles and / or each coated particle may contain aluminum oxide in the range of about 1 wt% to about 7 wt% and protein powder particles in the range of about 93 wt% to about 99 wt%.

[0025] In one or more embodiments, the coated particles have an average particle size in the range of approximately 0.1 μm, approximately 0.5 μm, approximately 1 μm, approximately 2 μm, approximately 5 μm, approximately 10 μm, approximately 20 μm, approximately 50 μm, approximately 80 μm, or approximately 100 μm to approximately 120 μm, approximately 150 μm, approximately 200 μm, approximately 250 μm, approximately 300 μm, approximately 400 μm, approximately 500 μm, approximately 600 μm, approximately 700 μm, approximately 800 μm, approximately 900 μm, approximately 950 μm, approximately 1,000 μm, or larger. For example, multiple coated particles are approximately 0.1 μm to 1,000 μm, approximately 1 μm to 1,000 μm, approximately 1 μm to 800 μm, approximately 1 μm to 650 μm, approximately 1 μm to 500 μm, approximately 1 μm to 450 μm, approximately 1 μm to 400 μm, approximately 1 μm to 300 μm, approximately 1 μm to 200 μm, and approximately 1μm to about 100μm, about 1μm to about 80μm, about 1μm to about 50μm, about 1μm to about 35μm, about 1μm to about 20μm, about 1μm to about 10μ m, about 1 μm to about 5 μm, about 10 μm to about 1,000 μm, about 10 μm to about 800 μm, about 10 μm to about 650 μm, about 10 μm to about 500 μm , about 10μm to about 450μm, about 10μm to about 400μm, about 10μm to about 300μm, about 10μm to about 200μm, about 10μm to about 100μm m, about 10 μm to about 80 μm, about 10 μm to about 50 μm, about 10 μm to about 35 μm, about 10 μm to about 20 μm, about 100 μm to about 1,000 μm m has an average particle size in the range of approximately 100 μm to 800 μm, approximately 100 μm to 650 μm, approximately 100 μm to 500 μm, approximately 100 μm to 450 μm, approximately 100 μm to 400 μm, approximately 100 μm to 300 μm, approximately 100 μm to 200 μm, or approximately 100 μm to 150 μm.

[0026] Atomic Layer Coating (ALC) Process This section describes and discusses the ALC process for preparing protein powder compositions of coated particles, which are produced by coating protein powder particles with a coating agent.

[0027] In one or more embodiments, a method for forming a protein powder composition is provided, which includes arranging a plurality of protein powder particles in a processing area of ​​a processing chamber and coating the plurality of protein powder particles with an aluminum oxide coating to form a plurality of coated particles during an ALC process. The protein powder particles contain myoglobin. The ALC process includes one or more deposition cycles, each deposition cycle including exposing the plurality of protein powder particles to an aluminum precursor, permeating the plurality of protein powder particles with the aluminum precursor through the spaces between the protein powder particles, purging the processing area to remove gaseous residue containing the aluminum precursor, exposing the plurality of protein powder particles to an oxidizing agent, permeating the plurality of protein powder particles with the oxidizing agent through the spaces between the protein powder particles to generate an aluminum oxide coating that is disposed on the outer surface of each protein powder particle, and purging the processing area to remove gaseous residue containing the oxidizing agent.

[0028] In one or more embodiments, the ALC process includes a deposition cycle in which protein powder particles are exposed to an aluminum-containing precursor (e.g., one or more aluminum precursors), the processing area is purged to remove gaseous residue containing the precursor, the protein powder particles are then exposed to an oxidizing agent to produce a coating containing aluminum oxide placed on the surface of the protein powder particles, and the processing area is purged to remove gaseous residue containing the oxidizing agent.

[0029] Each ALC deposition cycle comprises a first segment exposed with a precursor, a second segment purging the processing area to remove the remaining gaseous precursor, a third segment exposed with an oxidizer, and a fourth segment purging the processing area to remove the remaining gaseous precursor. One or more carrier gases may be introduced into the processing area along with the precursor and / or oxidizer during the first and third segments of the ALC process, respectively. One or more purge gases may be introduced into the processing area, which is similarly being exhausted during the second and fourth segments of the ALC process. The carrier gases and purge gases may be the same or different compositions. Exemplary carrier gases and / or purge gases may be argon, helium, neon, nitrogen (N2), hydrogen (H2), or any combination thereof, or may contain them.

[0030] The processing area of ​​the processing chamber is the internal volume within the processing chamber. The processing area and / or internal volume of the processing chamber are maintained and / or regulated to one or more pressures lower than atmospheric pressure or ambient pressure (e.g., less than 760 Torr) during the ALC process. The pressure of the processing area and / or internal volume of the processing chamber is approximately 0.01 Torr, approximately 0.1 Torr, approximately 1 Torr, approximately 1 Torr, approximately 5 Torr, approximately 10 Torr, approximately 15 Torr, approximately 20 Torr, approximately 25 Torr, approximately 35 Torr, or approximately 50 Torr to approximately 80 Torr, approximately 100 Torr, approximately 150 Torr, approximately 200 Torr, approximately 250 Torr, approximately 300 Torr, approximately 350 Torr, approximately 400 Torr, approximately 450 Torr, approximately 500 Torr, or approximately 600 Torr.

[0031] In one or more embodiments, the processing area and / or volume of the processing chamber is maintained and / or adjusted to a pressure in the range of about 0.1 Torr, about 0.5 Torr, about 0.8 Torr, or about 1 Tor to about 1.5 Torr, about 3 Torr, about 5 Torr, about 8 Torr, about 10 Torr, about 15 Torr, or higher during the ALC process. For example, the processing area and / or volume of the processing chamber is maintained and / or adjusted to a pressure in the range of about 0.1 Torr to about 15 Torr, about 0.1 Torr to about 10 Torr, about 0.1 Torr to about 5 Torr, about 0.1 Torr to about 1 Torr, about 1 Torr to about 15 Torr, about 1 Torr to about 10 Torr, or about 1 Torr to about 5 Torr during the ALC process.

[0032] The processing area, the volume of the processing chamber, and / or the protein powder particles are maintained and / or adjusted to one or more process temperatures during the ALC process. The process temperature may be in the range of about 20°C, about 23°C, about 25°C, about 30°C, about 35°C, or about 40°C to about 50°C, about 60°C, about 70°C, about 75°C, about 80°C, about 90°C, about 100°C, or higher during the ALC process. For example, the process temperature during the ALC process may be in the range of approximately 20°C to 100°C, approximately 30°C to 100°C, approximately 50°C to 100°C, approximately 65°C to 100°C, approximately 70°C to 100°C, approximately 75°C to 100°C, approximately 80°C to 100°C, approximately 20°C to 80°C, approximately 30°C to 80°C, approximately 50°C to 80°C, approximately 65°C to 80°C, approximately 70°C to 80°C, approximately 75°C to 80°C, approximately 80°C to 85°C, approximately 20°C to 60°C, approximately 25°C to 60°C, approximately 30°C to 60°C, approximately 35°C to 60°C, approximately 40°C to 60°C, approximately 45°C to 60°C, or approximately 50°C to 60°C.

[0033] The first and third segments of the ALC deposition cycle may each independently last for approximately 20 seconds, 30 seconds, 35 seconds, 40 seconds, or approximately 45-50 seconds, 60 seconds, 70 seconds, 80 seconds, 90 seconds, 100 seconds, 2 minutes, 2.5 minutes, 3 minutes, 4 minutes, 5 minutes, 6 minutes, 8 minutes, 10 minutes, 12 minutes, 15 minutes, 18 minutes, 20 minutes, 25 minutes, or 30 minutes during the ALC process. For example, the first and third segments of the ALC deposition cycle each independently occur during the ALC process for approximately 20 to 30 minutes, 20 to 25 minutes, 20 to 20 minutes, 20 to 15 minutes, 20 to 12 minutes, 20 to 10 minutes, 20 to 8 minutes, 20 to 6 minutes, 20 to 5 minutes, 20 to 4 minutes, 20 to 3 minutes, 20 to 2.5 minutes, 20 to 2 minutes, 20 to 100 seconds, 20 to 90 seconds, 20 to 75 seconds, 20 to 60 seconds, 20 to 45 seconds, and 20 to 30 minutes. It can last for seconds, approximately 40 seconds to 5 minutes, approximately 40 seconds to 4 minutes, approximately 40 seconds to 3 minutes, approximately 40 seconds to 2.5 minutes, approximately 40 seconds to 2 minutes, approximately 40 seconds to 100 seconds, approximately 40 seconds to 90 seconds, approximately 40 seconds to 75 seconds, approximately 40 seconds to 60 seconds, approximately 60 seconds to 20 minutes, approximately 60 seconds to 15 minutes, approximately 60 seconds to 12 minutes, approximately 60 seconds to 10 minutes, approximately 60 seconds to 8 minutes, approximately 60 seconds to 6 minutes, approximately 60 seconds to 5 minutes, approximately 60 seconds to 4 minutes, approximately 60 seconds to 3 minutes, approximately 60 seconds to 2.5 minutes, approximately 60 seconds to 2 minutes, approximately 60 seconds to 100 seconds, approximately 60 seconds to 90 seconds, or approximately 60 seconds to 75 seconds.

[0034] In one or more examples, the protein powder particles are exposed to an aluminum precursor for about 0.1 minutes to about 30 minutes during the first segment of each ALC deposition cycle. In some examples, the protein powder particles are exposed to an oxidizing agent for about 1 minute to about 30 minutes during the third segment of each ALC deposition cycle.

[0035] The second and fourth segments of the ALC deposition cycle may each independently last for approximately 20 seconds, 30 seconds, 35 seconds, 40 seconds, 45 seconds, 50 seconds, 60 seconds, 70 seconds, 80 seconds, or 90 seconds, 100 seconds, 2 minutes, 2.5 minutes, 3 minutes, 4 minutes, 5 minutes, 6 minutes, 8 minutes, 10 minutes, 12 minutes, 15 minutes, 20 minutes, 25 minutes, or 30 minutes during the ALC process. For example, the second and fourth segments of the ALC deposition cycle independently occur during the ALC process for approximately 20 seconds to 30 minutes, 20 seconds to 25 minutes, 20 seconds to 20 minutes, 20 seconds to 15 minutes, 20 seconds to 12 minutes, 20 seconds to 10 minutes, 20 seconds to 8 minutes, 20 seconds to 6 minutes, 20 seconds to 5 minutes, 20 seconds to 4 minutes, 20 seconds to 3 minutes, 20 seconds to 2.5 minutes, 20 seconds to 2 minutes, 20 seconds to 100 seconds, 20 seconds to 90 seconds, 20 seconds to 75 seconds, 20 seconds to 60 seconds, 20 seconds to 45 seconds, and 20 seconds to 30 minutes. It can last for seconds, approximately 40 seconds to 5 minutes, approximately 40 seconds to 4 minutes, approximately 40 seconds to 3 minutes, approximately 40 seconds to 2.5 minutes, approximately 40 seconds to 2 minutes, approximately 40 seconds to 100 seconds, approximately 40 seconds to 90 seconds, approximately 40 seconds to 75 seconds, approximately 40 seconds to 60 seconds, approximately 60 seconds to 20 minutes, approximately 60 seconds to 15 minutes, approximately 60 seconds to 12 minutes, approximately 60 seconds to 10 minutes, approximately 60 seconds to 8 minutes, approximately 60 seconds to 6 minutes, approximately 60 seconds to 5 minutes, approximately 60 seconds to 4 minutes, approximately 60 seconds to 3 minutes, approximately 60 seconds to 2.5 minutes, approximately 60 seconds to 2 minutes, approximately 60 seconds to 100 seconds, approximately 60 seconds to 90 seconds, or approximately 60 seconds to 75 seconds.

[0036] In one or more examples, the protein powder particles are exposed to a purge gas for about 1 minute to about 30 minutes during the second segment of each ALC deposition cycle while the processing area is purged to remove gaseous residue containing aluminum precursors and / or any by-products. In other examples, the protein powder particles are exposed to a purge gas for about 1 minute to about 30 minutes during the fourth segment of each ALC deposition cycle while the processing area is purged to remove gaseous residue containing oxidizing agents and / or any by-products.

[0037] In some embodiments, multiple protein powder particles are exposed to an aluminum precursor for approximately 0.1 minutes to approximately 30 minutes during each deposition cycle while the aluminum precursor is impregnated into the multiple protein powder particles. Subsequently, the multiple protein powder particles are exposed to a purge gas for approximately 1 minute to approximately 30 minutes during each deposition cycle while the processing area is purged to remove the gaseous residue containing the aluminum precursor. Subsequently, the multiple protein powder particles are exposed to an oxidizing agent for approximately 1 minute to approximately 10 minutes during each deposition cycle while the aluminum precursor is impregnated into the multiple protein powder particles. Subsequently, the multiple protein powder particles are exposed to a purge gas for approximately 1 minute to approximately 30 minutes during each deposition cycle while the processing area is purged to remove the gaseous residue containing the oxidizing agent.

[0038] The ALC deposition cycle can be performed once or multiple times while the protein powder particles are being coated. In one or more embodiments, the ALC deposition cycle is repeated one, two, three, five, eight, ten, about 15, about 20, about 30, or about 40 to about 45, about 50, about 60, about 70, about 80, about 90, about 100, about 120, about 150, about 180, about 200, or more times during the ALC process. For example, the ALC deposition cycle can be repeated during the ALC process in the range of 1 to approximately 200 times, 1 to approximately 150 times, 1 to approximately 100 times, 1 to approximately 80 times, 1 to approximately 50 times, 1 to approximately 20 times, 1 to approximately 10 times, 1 to approximately 5 times, 5 to approximately 200 times, 5 to approximately 150 times, 5 to approximately 100 times, 5 to approximately 80 times, 5 to approximately 50 times, 5 to approximately 20 times, 5 to approximately 10 times, 10 to approximately 200 times, 10 to approximately 150 times, 10 to approximately 100 times, 10 to approximately 80 times, 10 to approximately 50 times, or 10 to approximately 20 times.

[0039] The precursors exposed to the protein powder particles may be one or more aluminum precursors or other metal precursors. The oxidizing agent may be any compound or reagent that oxidizes the aluminum precursor to produce aluminum oxide or another metal precursor, thereby producing the respective metal oxides, or may include such compounds or reagents. The oxidizing agent may be water (including water vapor or steam), ozone, oxygen plasma, oxygen radicals, oxygen (O2), hydrogen peroxide, or any combination thereof, or may include such compounds or reagents.

[0040] In one or more embodiments, the precursor is one or more aluminum precursors used to coat protein powder particles with an aluminum oxide-containing coating, or comprises them. The aluminum precursor may be one or more alkylaluminum compounds, one or more alkoxyaluminum compounds, one or more aluminum halide compounds, aluminum hydride, or any combination thereof, or comprises them. In some embodiments, the aluminum precursor is trimethylaluminum, triethylaluminum, tripropylaluminum, tributylaluminum, dimethylaluminum, diethylaluminum, dipropylaluminum, dibutylaluminum, a complex thereof, or a combination thereof, or comprises them.

[0041] In one or more examples, the aluminum precursor is one or more alkylaluminum compounds (e.g., trimethylaluminum), and the oxidizing agent is water, or contains water. In other examples, the aluminum precursor is one or more alkoxyaluminum compounds, and the oxidizing agent is ozone or oxygen plasma, or contains ozone or oxygen plasma.

[0042] experiment Experiments were conducted to measure the properties of various protein powder samples. The soluble protein recovery procedure was performed according to the size exclusion chromatography (SEC) procedure as follows:

[0043] 2-3 mg of solid protein preparation was weighed and dissolved in H2O at a concentration of 2 mg / mL. This was then centrifuged at 13,100 g for 10 minutes to remove insoluble material. The supernatant (0.75 mL) was transferred to a 1.5 mL HPLC vial fitted with a diaphragm cap. SEC measurement was performed using a PerkinElmer LC300 HPLC equipped with a PDA detector. Protein was detected using the visible absorption band of the protein at 410 nm. The solution (30 μL) was injected into a TSKgel® 3000 size exclusion column (Tosoh Bioscience). The mobile phase was prepared with phosphate buffer (50 mM) and NaCl (100 mM) and adjusted to pH 7.1. Each experiment was performed using a constant composition elution at a flow rate of 0.5 mL / min and a total experiment time of 30 minutes. Three repeated injections were performed for each sample. The concentrations of monomeric myoglobin and its soluble aggregates were determined using a five-point checkpoint curve prepared with myoglobin standards. The molar extinction coefficient of soluble myoglobin aggregates was assumed to be equal to that of monomeric myoglobin.

[0044] In Figures 1-8, the protein powder samples were labeled as follows: "myo" is crude myoglobin powder, "lyo" is freeze-dried myoglobin, and "sp" is spray-dried myoglobin. Protein powder samples are coated if the label is followed by a hyphenated "a," "b," or "c," for example, myo-a, myo-b, myo-c, lyo-a, lyo-b, lyo-c, sp-a, sp-b, and sp-c are coated samples. The coating thickness is indicated as "a" < "b" < "c." Protein powder samples are uncoated if there is no hyphenated "a," "b," or "c," for example, myo, lyo, and sp are uncoated samples.

[0045] Figure 1 is a graph showing the dissolution times of various protein powder samples, and Figure 2 is a graph showing the water content of various protein powder samples. There was no clear trend between water content and dissolution time among the protein powder samples. Although the dissolution time increased after the accelerated test, it was still within an acceptable range.

[0046] Figure 3 is a graph showing the soluble protein recovery rate of freeze-dried protein powder samples, Figure 4 is a graph showing the soluble protein recovery rate of unprepared protein powder samples, and Figure 5 is a graph showing the soluble protein recovery rate of spray-dried protein powder samples.

[0047] Both coated LYO and sp-coated samples showed very good protein recovery rates after a 3-month accelerated test. Uncoated LYO and sp-coated samples showed a 30% to 50% protein loss. Unprepared myoglobin samples and coated samples showed slightly better recovery rates than uncoated samples.

[0048] Figure 6 is a graph showing the relative amount of aggregates in soluble protein in a freeze-dried protein powder sample, Figure 7 is a graph showing the relative amount of aggregates in soluble protein in an unprepared protein powder sample, and Figure 8 is a graph showing the relative amount of aggregates in soluble protein in a spray-dried protein powder sample.

[0049] At t0, coated and uncoated LYO and sp samples had similar aggregation percentages, approximately 2%–3%. Both coated sp and LYO samples showed significantly lower aggregation percentages. Less than 5% aggregation was measured in coated sp samples. Approximately 27% aggregation was measured in uncoated sp samples. Less than 10% aggregation was measured in coated LYO samples. Approximately 23% aggregation was measured in uncoated LYO samples.

[0050] The most traditional chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or atomic layer deposition (ALD) chambers can be used as suitable processing chambers for carrying out the atomic layer coating (ALC) processes described and discussed herein. An example of a processing chamber that can be adapted to benefit from the ALC process is the CENTRIS® Sym3® etching processing chamber, commercially available from Applied Materials, Inc. An example of a tool or system that benefits from the ALC process is the Centura® or Endura® system, commercially available from Applied Materials, Inc., equipped with an iSprint® ALD / CVD SSW chamber.

[0051] Embodiments of this disclosure further relate to one or more of the following embodiments 1 to 67.

[0052] 1. A method for forming a protein powder composition, comprising: arranging a plurality of protein powder particles, each protein powder particle containing myoglobin, within a processing area of ​​a processing chamber; and coating the plurality of protein powder particles with an aluminum oxide coating to form a plurality of coated particles during an atomic layer coating (ALC) process, wherein the ALC process comprises one or more deposition cycles, each deposition cycle comprising: exposing the plurality of protein powder particles to an aluminum precursor; permeating the plurality of protein powder particles with the aluminum precursor through the spaces between the protein powder particles; purging the processing area to remove gaseous residue containing the aluminum precursor; exposing the plurality of protein powder particles to an oxidizing agent; permeating the plurality of protein powder particles with the oxidizing agent through the spaces between the protein powder particles to generate an aluminum oxide coating disposed on the outer surface of each protein powder particle; and purging the processing area to remove gaseous residue containing the oxidizing agent.

[0053] 2. A method according to Embodiment 1, wherein multiple coated particles have a greater fluidity value than multiple protein powder particles.

[0054] 3. A method based on Embodiment 1 or 2, wherein multiple coated particles have a larger bulk density than multiple protein powder particles.

[0055] 4. A method based on any one of Embodiments 1 to 3, wherein each protein powder particle further contains sugar.

[0056] 5. A method according to Embodiment 4, wherein the sugar comprises sucrose, mannitol, lactose, trehalose, sorbitol, its isomers, its derivatives, its salts, or any combination thereof.

[0057] 6. A method according to Embodiment 4, wherein each coated particle contains approximately 0.01% to 15% by mass of sugar.

[0058] 7. A method based on any one of Embodiments 1 to 6, wherein each protein powder particle further comprises a buffer.

[0059] 8. A method according to Embodiment 8, wherein the buffering agent contains potassium phosphate.

[0060] 9. A method based on any one of Embodiments 1 to 8, wherein each protein powder particle further comprises one or more surfactants, one or more isotonic agents, one or more antioxidants, one or more chelating agents, one or more preservatives, one or more amino acids, one or more monomers, one or more polymers, derivatives thereof, or any combination thereof.

[0061] 10. A method based on any one of Embodiments 1 to 9, wherein multiple protein powder particles have an average particle size of approximately 0.1 μm to approximately 1,000 μm.

[0062] 11. A method based on any one of Embodiments 1 to 10, wherein multiple protein powder particles are produced from a spray-drying process or a freeze-drying process.

[0063] 12. A method based on any one of Embodiments 1 to 11, wherein the aluminum oxide coating has a thickness of approximately 1 nm to approximately 100 nm.

[0064] 13. A method based on any one of Embodiments 1 to 12, wherein each coated particle contains approximately 0.5% to approximately 10% by mass of aluminum oxide.

[0065] 14. A method based on any one of Embodiments 1 to 13, wherein each coated particle contains approximately 1% to 7% by mass of aluminum oxide.

[0066] 15. A method based on any one of Embodiments 1 to 14, wherein each coated particle contains protein powder particles containing approximately 90% to 99.5% by mass of myoglobin.

[0067] 16. A method based on any one of Embodiments 1 to 15, wherein each coated particle comprises a protein powder particle containing approximately 93% to 99% by mass of myoglobin.

[0068] 17. A method based on any one of Embodiments 1 to 16, wherein multiple coated particles have an average particle size of approximately 0.1 μm to approximately 1,000 μm.

[0069] 18. A method based on any one of Embodiments 1 to 17, wherein the aluminum precursor comprises an alkylaluminum compound.

[0070] 19. A method based on any one of Embodiments 1 to 18, wherein the oxidizing agent includes water, oxygen (O2), ozone, atomic oxygen, oxygen plasma, hydrogen peroxide, or any combination thereof.

[0071] 20. A method based on any one of Embodiments 1 to 19, wherein the aluminum precursor comprises trimethylaluminum and the oxidizing agent comprises water.

[0072] 21. A method based on any one of Embodiments 1 to 20, wherein the deposition cycle is repeated 1 to approximately 100 times during the ALC process.

[0073] 22. A method based on any one of Embodiments 1 to 21, wherein the processing area of ​​the processing chamber is at a pressure of about 0.5 Torr to about 10 Torr during the ALC process.

[0074] 23. A method based on any one of Embodiments 1 to 22, wherein multiple protein powder particles are exposed to the aluminum precursor for approximately 0.1 minutes to approximately 30 minutes during each deposition cycle while the aluminum precursor permeates the multiple protein powder particles.

[0075] 24. A method based on any one of Embodiments 1 to 23, wherein multiple protein powder particles are exposed to a purge gas for about 1 minute to about 30 minutes during each deposition cycle while the processing area is purged to remove gaseous residue containing an aluminum precursor.

[0076] 25. A method based on any one of Embodiments 1 to 24, wherein multiple protein powder particles are exposed to an oxidizing agent for about 1 to 10 minutes during each deposition cycle while the aluminum precursor is impregnated into the multiple protein powder particles.

[0077] 26. A method based on any one of Embodiments 1 to 25, wherein multiple protein powder particles are exposed to a purge gas for about 1 minute to about 30 minutes during each deposition cycle while the processing area is purged to remove gaseous residue containing an oxidizing agent.

[0078] 27. A method for forming a protein powder composition, comprising: arranging a plurality of protein powder particles, each protein powder particle containing myoglobin, in a processing area of ​​a processing chamber; and coating the plurality of protein powder particles with an aluminum oxide coating to form a plurality of coated particles during an atomic layer coating (ALC) process, wherein the plurality of coated particles have a greater fluidity value than the plurality of protein powder particles, wherein the ALC process comprises one or more deposition cycles, each deposition cycle comprising: exposing the plurality of protein powder particles to an aluminum precursor; purging the processing area to remove gaseous residue containing the aluminum precursor; exposing the plurality of protein powder particles to an oxidizing agent; and purging the processing area to remove gaseous residue containing the oxidizing agent.

[0079] 28. A method according to Embodiment 27, wherein multiple coated particles have a larger bulk density than multiple protein powder particles.

[0080] 29. A method according to Embodiment 27 or 28, wherein each protein powder particle further contains sugar.

[0081] 30. A method according to Embodiment 29, wherein the sugar comprises sucrose, mannitol, lactose, trehalose, sorbitol, its isomers, its derivatives, its salts, or any combination thereof.

[0082] 31. A method according to Embodiment 29, wherein each coated particle contains approximately 0.01% to approximately 15% by mass of sugar.

[0083] 32. A method based on any one of Embodiments 27 to 31, wherein each protein powder particle further comprises a buffer.

[0084] 33. A method according to Embodiment 32, wherein the buffering agent contains potassium phosphate.

[0085] 34. A method based on any one of Embodiments 27 to 33, wherein each protein powder particle further comprises one or more surfactants, one or more isotonic agents, one or more antioxidants, one or more chelating agents, one or more preservatives, one or more amino acids, one or more monomers, one or more polymers, derivatives thereof, or any combination thereof.

[0086] 35. A method based on any one of Embodiments 27 to 34, wherein multiple protein powder particles have an average particle size of approximately 0.1 μm to approximately 1,000 μm.

[0087] 36. A method based on any one of embodiments 27 to 35, wherein multiple protein powder particles are produced from a spray-drying process or a freeze-drying process.

[0088] 37. A method based on any one of embodiments 27 to 36, wherein the aluminum oxide coating has a thickness of approximately 1 nm to approximately 100 nm.

[0089] 38. A method based on any one of Embodiments 27 to 37, wherein each coated particle contains approximately 0.5% to approximately 10% by mass of aluminum oxide.

[0090] 39. A method based on any one of Embodiments 27 to 38, wherein each coated particle contains approximately 1% to 7% by mass of aluminum oxide.

[0091] 40. A method based on any one of Embodiments 27 to 39, wherein each coated particle contains protein powder particles containing approximately 90% to 99.5% by mass of myoglobin.

[0092] 41. A method based on any one of Embodiments 27 to 40, wherein each coated particle comprises a protein powder particle containing approximately 93% to 99% by mass of myoglobin.

[0093] 42. A method based on any one of Embodiments 27 to 41, wherein the multiple coated particles have an average particle size of about 0.1 μm to about 1,000 μm.

[0094] 43. A method based on any one of Embodiments 27 to 42, wherein the aluminum precursor comprises an alkylaluminum compound.

[0095] 44. A method based on any one of Embodiments 27 to 43, wherein the oxidizing agent includes water, oxygen (O2), ozone, atomic oxygen, oxygen plasma, hydrogen peroxide, or any combination thereof.

[0096] 45. A method based on any one of Embodiments 27 to 44, wherein the aluminum precursor comprises trimethylaluminum and the oxidizing agent comprises water.

[0097] 46. ​​A method based on any one of embodiments 27 to 45, wherein the deposition cycle is repeated 1 to approximately 100 times during the ALC process.

[0098] 47. A method based on any one of embodiments 27 to 46, wherein the processing area of ​​the processing chamber is at a pressure of about 0.5 Torr to about 10 Torr during the ALC process.

[0099] 48. A method based on any one of Embodiments 27 to 47, wherein multiple protein powder particles are exposed to the aluminum precursor for approximately 0.1 minutes to approximately 30 minutes during each deposition cycle while the aluminum precursor permeates the multiple protein powder particles.

[0100] 49. A method based on any one of Embodiments 27 to 48, wherein multiple protein powder particles are exposed to a purge gas for about 1 minute to about 30 minutes during each deposition cycle while the processing area is purged to remove gaseous residue containing an aluminum precursor.

[0101] 50. A method based on any one of Embodiments 27 to 49, wherein multiple protein powder particles are exposed to an oxidizing agent for about 1 to 10 minutes during each deposition cycle while the aluminum precursor is impregnated into the multiple protein powder particles.

[0102] 51. A method based on any one of Embodiments 27 to 50, wherein multiple protein powder particles are exposed to a purge gas for about 1 minute to about 30 minutes during each deposition cycle while the processing area is purged to remove gaseous residue containing an oxidizing agent.

[0103] 52. A protein powder composition comprising a plurality of coated particles, wherein each coated particle comprises: a protein powder particle containing myoglobin; and a coating disposed around each protein powder particle, the coating comprising aluminum oxide.

[0104] 53. A protein powder composition according to Embodiment 52, wherein the coating is formed on protein powder particles during an atomic layer coating (ALC) process.

[0105] 54. A protein powder composition according to Embodiment 52 or 53, wherein each protein powder particle further contains sugar.

[0106] 55. A protein powder composition according to Embodiment 54, wherein the sugar comprises sucrose, mannitol, lactose, trehalose, sorbitol, its isomers, its derivatives, its salts, or any combination thereof.

[0107] 56. A protein powder composition according to Embodiment 54, wherein each coated particle contains approximately 0.01% to 15% by mass of sugar.

[0108] 57. A protein powder composition according to any one of embodiments 52 to 56, wherein each protein powder particle further comprises a buffer.

[0109] 58. A protein powder composition according to Embodiment 57, comprising potassium phosphate as a buffering agent.

[0110] 59. A protein powder composition according to any one of Embodiments 52 to 58, wherein each protein powder particle further comprises one or more surfactants, one or more isotonic agents, one or more antioxidants, one or more chelating agents, one or more preservatives, one or more amino acids, one or more monomers, one or more polymers, derivatives thereof, or any combination thereof.

[0111] 60. A protein powder composition based on any one of Embodiments 52 to 59, wherein multiple protein powder particles have an average particle size of approximately 0.1 μm to approximately 1,000 μm.

[0112] 61. A protein powder composition based on any one of embodiments 52 to 60, wherein multiple protein powder particles are produced from a spray-drying process or a freeze-drying process.

[0113] 62. A protein powder composition based on any one of embodiments 52 to 61, wherein the aluminum oxide coating has a thickness of approximately 1 nm to approximately 100 nm.

[0114] 63. A protein powder composition based on any one of Embodiments 52 to 62, wherein each coated particle contains approximately 0.5% to 10% by mass of aluminum oxide.

[0115] 64. A protein powder composition based on any one of Embodiments 52 to 63, wherein each coated particle contains approximately 1% to 7% by mass of aluminum oxide.

[0116] 65. A protein powder composition based on any one of Embodiments 52 to 64, wherein each coated particle contains protein powder particles containing approximately 90% to 99.5% by mass of myoglobin.

[0117] 66. A protein powder composition based on any one of Embodiments 52 to 65, wherein each coated particle contains protein powder particles containing approximately 93% to 99% by mass of myoglobin.

[0118] 67. A protein powder composition based on any one of embodiments 52 to 66, wherein multiple coated particles have an average particle size of about 0.1 μm to about 1,000 μm.

[0119] While the foregoing applies to embodiments of the present disclosure, other and further embodiments may be devised without departing from their basic scope, the scope of which is determined by the following claims. All documents described herein, including any priority documents and / or test procedures, are incorporated herein by reference to the extent that they do not contradict the text. As is evident from the foregoing general description and specific embodiments, the forms of the present disclosure are illustrative and described, but various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited thereto. Similarly, the term “comprising” is considered synonymous with the term “including” in U.S. law. Similarly, whenever the transitional expression “comprising” precedes a composition, element, or group of elements, it is understood that the same composition or group of elements may also be considered having the transitional expressions “consisting essentially of,” “consisting of,” “selected from the group consisting of,” or “is,” preceding a composition, an enumeration of one or more elements, and vice versa. In this specification, the term "about" refers to a variation of + / - 10% from the nominal value. It should be understood that such variation may be included in any value provided herein.

[0120] Specific embodiments and features are described using a set of upper and lower numerical values. Unless otherwise specified, it should be understood that ranges are possible, including any combination of any two values, e.g., any combination of any lower and any upper value, any combination of any two lower values, and / or any combination of any two upper values. Specific lower, upper, and range limits are described in one or more of the following claims.

Claims

1. A method for forming a protein powder composition: Placing multiple protein powder particles, each containing myoglobin, within the processing area of ​​a processing chamber; and The process includes coating the plurality of protein powder particles with an aluminum oxide coating to form a plurality of coated particles during an atomic layer coating (ALC) process, wherein the ALC process comprises one or more deposition cycles, each of which is: Exposing the aforementioned plurality of protein powder particles to an aluminum precursor; Permeating the plurality of protein powder particles with the aluminum precursor through the spaces between the protein powder particles; Purging the processing area to remove the gaseous residue containing the aluminum precursor; Exposing the aforementioned plurality of protein powder particles to an oxidizing agent; The process involves permeating the plurality of protein powder particles with the oxidizing agent through the spaces between the protein powder particles to create the aluminum oxide coating that is disposed on the outer surface of each of the protein powder particles; and The processing area is purged to remove the gaseous residue containing the oxidizing agent. Methods that include...

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of coated particles have a larger bulk density than the plurality of protein powder particles.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein each of the protein powder particles further contains a sugar, the sugar comprising sucrose, mannitol, lactose, trehalose, sorbitol, its isomers, its derivatives, its salts, or any combination thereof.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein each of the coated particles contains about 0.01% by mass to about 15% by mass of the sugar.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein each of the protein powder particles further contains a buffer, and the buffer contains potassium phosphate.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein each of the protein powder particles further comprises one or more surfactants, one or more isotonic agents, one or more antioxidants, one or more chelating agents, one or more preservatives, one or more amino acids, one or more monomers, one or more polymers, derivatives thereof, or any combination thereof, an additive and / or component.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of protein powder particles have an average particle size of about 0.1 μm to about 1,000 μm.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of protein powder particles are produced by a spray-drying process or a freeze-drying process.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum oxide coating has a thickness of about 1 nm to about 100 nm.

10. The method according to claim 1, wherein each of the coated particles contains about 0.5% to about 10% by mass of aluminum oxide, and each of the coated particles contains protein powder particles containing about 90% to about 99.5% by mass of myoglobin.

11. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of coated particles have an average particle size of about 0.1 μm to about 1,000 μm.

12. The method according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum precursor comprises trimethylaluminum and the oxidizing agent comprises water.

13. The method according to claim 1, wherein the deposition cycle is repeated 1 to about 100 times during the ALC process.

14. The plurality of protein powder particles are exposed to the aluminum precursor for about 0.1 minutes to about 30 minutes during each of the deposition cycles while the aluminum precursor is impregnating the plurality of protein powder particles; The plurality of protein powder particles are exposed to the purge gas for about 1 minute to about 30 minutes during each of the deposition cycles while the processing area is purged to remove the gaseous residue containing the aluminum precursor; The plurality of protein powder particles are exposed to the oxidizing agent for about 1 to 10 minutes during each of the deposition cycles while the aluminum precursor is impregnating the plurality of protein powder particles; The method according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of protein powder particles are exposed to a purge gas for about 1 minute to about 30 minutes during each of the deposition cycles while the processing area is purged to remove the gaseous residue containing the oxidizing agent.

15. A method for forming a protein powder composition: Placing multiple protein powder particles, each containing myoglobin, within the processing area of ​​a processing chamber; and The process includes coating the plurality of protein powder particles with an aluminum oxide coating to form a plurality of coated particles during an atomic layer coating (ALC) process, wherein the plurality of coated particles have a greater fluidity value than the plurality of protein powder particles, and the ALC process includes one or more deposition cycles, each of which deposition cycles is: Exposing the aforementioned plurality of protein powder particles to an aluminum precursor; Purging the processing area to remove the gaseous residue containing the aluminum precursor; Exposing the plurality of protein powder particles to an oxidizing agent; and The processing area is purged to remove the gaseous residue containing the oxidizing agent. Methods that include...

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein the plurality of protein powder particles are produced by a spray-drying process or a freeze-drying process.

17. The method according to claim 15, wherein each of the coated particles contains about 0.5% by mass to about 10% by mass of aluminum oxide, and each of the coated particles contains protein powder particles containing about 90% by mass to about 99.5% by mass of myoglobin.

18. The method according to claim 15, wherein the aluminum precursor comprises trimethylaluminum, the oxidizing agent comprises water, and the deposition cycle is repeated 1 to about 100 times during the ALC process.

19. A protein powder composition comprising multiple coated particles, Each coated particle is: Protein powder particles containing myoglobin; and A coating placed around each of the aforementioned protein powder particles. A protein powder composition comprising, wherein the coating contains aluminum oxide.

20. The coating is formed on the protein powder particles during an atomic layer coating (ALC) process; Each of the aforementioned protein powder particles further contains sugar; The aforementioned sugars include sucrose, mannitol, lactose, trehalose, sorbitol, its isomers, its derivatives, its salts, or any combination thereof; Each of the coated particles contains approximately 0.01% to approximately 15% by mass of the sugar; The plurality of protein powder particles have an average particle size of about 0.1 μm to about 1,000 μm; Each of the coated particles contains approximately 0.5% to 10% by mass of aluminum oxide; The protein powder composition according to claim 19, wherein each of the coated particles comprises the protein powder particles containing about 90% by mass to about 99.5% by mass of myoglobin.

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