Cutting insert
The cutting insert addresses chip welding issues by employing angled and spaced regions on its surface to efficiently curl and discharge soft chips, improving chip control for materials like mild steel and aluminum alloy.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- JP · JP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-03-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-02
AI Technical Summary
Existing cutting inserts with protrusions close to the cutting edge are ineffective in controlling soft chips from materials like mild steel and aluminum alloy, leading to chip welding and insufficient chip control.
A cutting insert design with specific angled and spaced regions on its upper surface, including inclined first and second front regions and side regions, providing ample space for chip curling and discharge, and a projection to guide chips smoothly away from the cutting edge.
The design ensures efficient chip curling and discharge, preventing chip welding by increasing the space for chip movement and guiding them away from the cutting edge, enhancing chip control for low-hardness materials.
Smart Images
Figure 2026510280000001_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the field of machining technology, and particularly to cutting inserts.
Background Art
[0002] In the prior art, there is a cutting insert in which a nick groove (chip breaker groove) is provided on the upper surface of the cutting insert, and a protrusion is provided in the nick groove. When machining materials such as plain steel and alloy steel, in order to facilitate the control of chips, the protrusion is provided close to the cutting edge and further closer.
[0003] As in Patent CN102596459B, the protrusion on the upper surface of the insert is relatively close to the cutting edge. This insert is effective in controlling chips when machining materials with appropriate hardness such as plain steel and alloy steel. However, when machining materials with low hardness such as mild steel and aluminum alloy, soft chips are generated, so that the chip control by the insert becomes insufficient. Further, since the protrusion is close to the cutting edge, the space for controlling the chips between the protrusion and the cutting edge becomes narrow, and there is a problem that chip welding is likely to occur when machining materials such as mild steel and aluminum alloy.
Summary of the Invention
[0004] An object of the present invention is to provide a cutting insert in which chips are easily curled and smoothly discharged, and the chip welding phenomenon can be avoided.
[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following means.
[0006] A cutting insert extending from a front end to a rear end, a front face located at the front end, an upper face connected to the front face, a side face connected to the front face and the upper face, a front cutting edge located at an intersection of the front face and the upper face, It is equipped with a cross-cutting blade located at the intersection of the aforementioned side surface and the aforementioned top surface, The aforementioned upper surface is, A first front region connected to the front cutting edge and inclined downward, A second front region connected to the first front region and inclined downward, A first side region connected to the aforementioned cross-cutting blade and inclined downward, It comprises a second side region connected to the first side region and inclined downward, The end closest to the cross-cutting blade at the connection point between the first front region and the second front region is defined as the first end. When the end closest to the front cutting edge at the connection point between the first side region and the second side region is defined as the second end, The first end is further away from the front cutting edge than the second end.
[0007] In one embodiment, the connection point between the first front region and the second front region is, overall, further away from the front cutting edge than the second end.
[0008] In one embodiment, the height of the first end is lower than the height of the second end, and the first end is located below the second end.
[0009] In one embodiment, the first end is further away from the cross-cutting blade than the second end.
[0010] In one embodiment, the first front region and the second front region are both flat.
[0011] In one embodiment, the first side region and the second side region are both flat.
[0012] In one embodiment, the first side region comprises a first outer portion and a second outer portion that is further away from the front cutting edge than the first outer portion. The second side region comprises a first internal portion and a second internal portion, the first internal portion being connected to the first external portion, and the second internal portion being connected to the second external portion. The first external region and the first internal region are further away from the front cutting edge than the second front region.
[0013] The width of the first external region is smaller than the width of the first internal region, and the width of the second external region is larger than the width of the second internal region.
[0014] In one embodiment, the first side region includes a third outer portion that is closer to the front cutting edge than the first outer portion. The second side region includes a third internal portion that is closer to the front cutting edge than the first internal portion. The third internal region is connected to the first anterior region and the second anterior region, respectively, and the maximum width of the third internal region is greater than the width of the third external region.
[0015] In one embodiment, the width of the first external region is smaller than the width of the first anterior region, and the width of the second external region is larger than the width of the first anterior region.
[0016] In one embodiment, the upper surface has a projection between the two cross-cutting blades, the projection has an elongated shape and extends from rear to front, the height of the projection gradually increases, a peak is formed at the tip of the projection, the front surface of the peak gradually decreases and transitionally connects to the second front region.
[0017] In one embodiment, the height of the peak is lower than the height of the cross-cutting blade.
[0018] As is apparent from the above technical solution, the present invention has at least advantages and positive effects. In the cutting insert of the present invention, the area on the upper surface near the front cutting edge includes a first front area and a second front area, and a plurality of front areas are formed between the front cutting edge on the upper surface. The areas on the upper surface near the transverse cutting edge both include a first side area and a second side area. Therefore, the plurality of side areas and the plurality of front areas increase the space on the upper surface. And the second front area is inclined more downward than the first front area, and the inclination angle of the second front area is larger than the inclination angle of the first front area. When the chips move sequentially along the plurality of front areas and the plurality of side areas, sufficient space for the chips to be rolled up is ensured, increasing the space for the chips to be rolled up, so that the chips can be smoothly rolled up.
[0019] And when the first end is farther from the front cutting edge than the second end, the second side area can be closer to the front cutting edge, and the second side area can contact the chips earlier, contributing to the chips being rolled up inward to form, enabling the smooth discharge of the chips and avoiding chip welding.
Brief Description of the Drawings
[0020] [Figure 1] It is a perspective view of the cutting insert of this embodiment. [Figure 2] It is a perspective view of the cutting insert of this embodiment attached to a shank. [Figure 3] It is a plan view of the cutting insert shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 4] It is a bottom view of the cutting insert shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 5] It is a side view of the cutting insert shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 6] It is a side view of the cutting insert shown in FIG. 5. [Figure 7] It is an enlarged view of part M of the cutting insert shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 8] It is a partial enlarged view of the cutting part shown in FIG. 3. [Figure 9]Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the cutting insert along the AA direction. [Figure 10] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the cutting insert along the CC direction. [Figure 11] Figure 1 is a plan view of the cutting insert in another direction. [Figure 12] Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of the cutting insert along the FF direction. [Figure 13] Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of the cutting insert along the GG direction. [Figure 14] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of a cutting insert when used in groove machining. [Figure 15] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of a cutting insert when used for shoulder groove machining. [Figure 16] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of a cutting insert when used in a lateral cutting process. [Modes for carrying out the invention]
[0021] Typical embodiments that embody the features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail below. It should be noted that the present invention can be modified in various ways by embodiment, none of which will depart from the scope of the invention, and the description and illustrations are essentially for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the present invention.
[0022] In the description of this application, the directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as “center,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “length,” “width,” “thickness,” “top,” “bottom,” “front,” “back,” “left,” “right,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “top,” “bottom,” “inside,” “outside,” “clockwise,” and “counterclockwise” are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the attached drawings and are for the purpose of facilitating and simplifying the description of this application. They do not mean that the indicated or implied devices or parts must have a specific direction or be configured and operate in a specific direction, and should not be understood as limitations on this application. Furthermore, the terms “first” and “second” are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly referring to the number of technical features shown. Thus, features limited as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the aforementioned features. In the description of this application, “plural” means two or more unless otherwise specifically limited.
[0023] Referring to Figure 1, the present invention provides a cutting insert 10. This cutting insert 10 is applicable to cutting grooves in a workpiece. Specifically, the cutting insert 10 of this embodiment is used to process relatively low-hardness materials such as mild steel and aluminum alloys, and these low-hardness materials produce soft chips during the cutting process. The cutting insert 10 of this embodiment can better process the chips generated from these low-hardness materials and facilitate chip removal. As can be understood, the cutting insert 10 of this embodiment can also process high-hardness materials. The material of the workpiece for the cutting insert 10 is not limited here.
[0024] This cutting insert 10 extends from the front end to the rear end. In other words, the longitudinal direction of the cutting insert 10 is the front-to-back direction. As shown in Figure 1, the cutting insert 10 of this embodiment is rod-shaped and extends along the central axis from the front end (lower left side in the figure) to the rear end (upper right side in the figure). The cutting insert 10 of this embodiment is provided with one main body 1 and two cutting parts 2 along the central axis. The two cutting parts 2 are located on both sides of the main body 1.
[0025] Referring to Figure 2, the main body 1 is for fixing and mounting to the shank 90. See also Figures 3 and 4. The main body 1 extends along the central axis L. Referring to Figures 5 and 6, the main body 1 has an upper side surface 11 and a lower side surface 12. Of these, the upper side surface 11 has a first mounting groove 111 that extends along the central axis L. The lower side surface 12 has a second mounting groove 121 that extends along the central axis L. The shapes of the first mounting groove 111 and the second mounting groove 121 are compatible with the fastening structure 91 of the shank 90. The fastening structure 91 clamps and positions the upper side surface 11 and the lower side surface 12 of the main body 1, respectively. This fastening structure 91 fixes and mounts the cutting insert 10 to the shank 90 by screw 92. The clamping force of the cutting insert on the main body 1 by the fastening structure 91 can also be adjusted by rotating the screw 92.
[0026] The two cutting sections 2 are located on either side of the main body 1. When the cutting insert 10 is mounted on the shank 90, if one of the cutting sections 2 can protrude from the cutter holder on the shank 90, that cutting section 2 can perform cutting. If the cutting section 2 used becomes worn out during cutting, the other cutting section 2 can be replaced and cutting can be performed again. The two cutting sections 2 may be identical in form, or they may be two different forms.
[0027] Referring to Figure 1, the cutting section 2 comprises a front surface 21, a top surface 22, a front cutting edge 23, a side surface 24, and a side cutting edge 25.
[0028] The front surface 21 is located at the tip of the cutting section 2. The upper surface 22 is connected to the front surface 21.
[0029] The front cutting edge 23 is located at the intersection of the upper surface 22 and the front surface 21. The front cutting edge 23 functions as the main cutting area when performing groove machining, and is used to cut the outer surface of the workpiece in the vertical direction.
[0030] The side panels 24 may be connected to the front panel 21 and the top panel 22, respectively. There may be two side panels 24, each located on either side of the top panel 22 and the front panel 21.
[0031] The cross-cutting blade 25 is located at the intersection of the side surface 24 and the top surface 22. There may be two cross-cutting blades 25, one on each side of the top surface 22 in the cutting section 2. The cross-cutting blade 25 is for cutting the workpiece in a lateral direction.
[0032] In other embodiments, depending on the cutting needs, there may be only one cross-cutting blade 25, that is, the cross-cutting blade 25 may be provided at the intersection of the upper surface 22 and one of the side surfaces 24.
[0033] In this embodiment, a rounded cutting edge 26 is provided at the transient connection point between the front cutting edge 23 and the cross cutting edge 25. This rounded cutting edge 26 allows for a smooth transition between the front cutting edge 23 and the cross cutting edge 25, maintaining connectivity. The rounded cutting edges 26 are arranged in pairs at both ends of the front cutting edge 23, and are positioned opposite each other, sandwiching the front cutting edge 23.
[0034] The workpiece is processed by the front cutting edge 23 and the side cutting edge 25, chips are formed and rolled up on the upper surface 22, and finally discharged from the upper surface 22.
[0035] In the direction from front to back, the upper surface 22 begins with the front cutting edge 23, and multiple front regions are arranged in sequence. Each front region is a space region, which may be a curved surface with an arc, a flat slope, or a combination of a slope and a curved surface.
[0036] In the direction from the cross-cutting blade 25 toward the central axis L, multiple side regions are arranged on the upper surface 22 in order from the cross-cutting blade 25. Each side region is a space region, and may be a curved surface with an arc, a flat slope, or a combination of a slope and a curved surface.
[0037] Referring specifically to Figures 7 and 8, in this embodiment, the upper surface 22 comprises a first front region 221 and a second front region 222. The first front region 221 is connected to the front cutting edge 23 and inclined downward. The second front region 222 is connected to the first front region 221 and extends rearward from the first front region 221. Furthermore, the second front region 222 is inclined more downward than the first front region 221. In other words, the second front region 222 is inclined more downward than the first front region 221. Therefore, when chips move from the first front region 221 to the second front region 222, the second front region 222 is inclined more downward, increasing the space in the second front region 222, which is more advantageous for chip entanglement and allows for smoother chip discharge. In addition, by providing the first front region 221, the strength of the front cutting edge 23 can be ensured, and the overall rigidity of the cutting insert 10 can be ensured.
[0038] The connection point between the first front region 221 and the second front region 222 is defined as the front connection region 223. This front connection region 223 is a smooth transient surface to facilitate the movement of chips from the first front region 221 to the surface of the second front region 222. The end of the front connection region 223 closest to the cross-cutting blade 25 is defined as the first end 224. The first end 224 is located on both sides of the connection point in the front connection region 223.
[0039] Specifically, in this embodiment, the upper surface 22 further comprises a first side region 225 and a second side region 226. The first side region 225 is connected to the cross-cutting blade 25 and inclined downward. The first side region 225 extends from the cross-cutting blade 25 in the direction of the central axis L and is provided with a downward inclination. The second side region 226 is connected to the first side region 225, extends from the first side region 225 in the direction of the central axis L, and is inclined more downward than the first side region 225. In other words, the second side region 226 is inclined more downward than the first side region 225. Therefore, when chips move from the first side region 225 to the second side region 226, the second side region 226 is inclined more downward, which increases the space in the second side region 226, making it more advantageous for chips to be swept up and allowing chips to be discharged more smoothly.
[0040] The connection point between the first side region 225 and the second side region 226 is defined as the side connection region 227. This side connection region 227 is a smooth transient surface to facilitate the movement of chips from the first side region 225 to the surface of the second side region 226. The end of the side connection region 227 closest to the front cutting edge 23 is defined as the second end 228.
[0041] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first end portion 224 is further away from the front cutting edge 23 than the second end portion 228. Furthermore, the first end portion 224 is further away from the cross cutting edge 25 than the second end portion 228. As a result, the second side region 226 can contact the chip earlier than the second front region 222. If both sides of the chip can contact the second side region 226 earlier, both sides of the chip will curl up in the direction of the central axis L due to the action of the second side region 226. Therefore, before the chip enters the second front region 222 downwards and curls up downwards, both sides of the chip will curl up and bend upwards in advance, which is advantageous for the chip to curl up and form as a whole.
[0042] The front connection region 223 is generally further away from the front cutting edge 23 than the second end 228. The front connection region 223 is almost parallel to the front cutting edge 23. In other words, the distance of the front connection region 223 from the front cutting edge 23 is greater than the distance of the second end 228 from the front cutting edge 23. Therefore, the second end 228 of the side connection region 227 is closer to the front cutting edge 23. As a result, during the transition of cutting by the front cutting edge 23 from the first front region 221 to the second front region 222, the chips located on both sides of the first front region 221 first come into contact with the second end 228, are constrained by the second end 228, and then transition toward the second front region 222.
[0043] Furthermore, to make it easier to explain the degree of inclination of the first front region 221, the second front region 222, the first side region 225, and the second side region 226, we will consider the first front region 221, the second front region 222, the first side region 225, and the second side region 226 to be approximately oblique planes. That is, the first front region 221 and the second front region 222 are flat. The first side region 225 and the second side region 226 are flat. The downward inclination angle of these oblique planes allows us to specifically evaluate the degree of inclination of the first front region 221, the second front region 222, the first side region 225, and the second side region 226. That is, for the sake of explanation, referring to Figures 9 and 10, let the downward inclination angle of the first front region 221 be the first inclination angle X. Let the downward inclination angle of the second front region 222 be the second inclination angle Y. Let the downward inclination angle of the first side region 225 be the third inclination angle Z. Let the downward inclination angle of the second side region 226 be the fourth inclination angle W. From the above explanation, the first inclination angle X is smaller than the second inclination angle Y, and the third inclination angle Z is smaller than the fourth inclination angle W.
[0044] Specifically, in this embodiment, the height of the first end portion 224 is lower than the height of the second end portion 228, and the first end portion 224 is located below the second end portion 228. In other words, the first inclination angle X of the first front region 221 is greater than the third inclination angle Z of the first side region 225. Specifically, the range of the first inclination angle X is 10° to 20°. The range of the third inclination angle Z is 5° to 15°.
[0045] Then, the range of the second inclination angle Y is set to 15° to 30°, and the range of the fourth inclination angle W is set to 15° to 30°.
[0046] Specifically, in this embodiment, the magnitude of the fourth inclination angle W has a relatively large effect on the chip restraining action. If the fourth inclination angle W is too small, the portion of the second side region 226 that exerts a restraining action at its front end moves backward, which is unfavorable for chip restraint and winding. If the fourth inclination angle W is too large, the second side region 226 does not make sufficient contact with the chip, and the restraining action decreases.
[0047] Specifically, in this embodiment, when the magnitude of the fourth inclination angle W is 24°, the chip control effect is good, and if the fourth inclination angle W is too large, the area of the second side region 226 becomes smaller.
[0048] Referring to Figures 11, 12, and 13, Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view in the FF direction, and Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view in the GG direction. In the GG cross-section, it can be seen that as the distance from the front cutting edge 23 increases, the depth of the second front region 222 increases, the chip discharge space expands, and the area in contact with the chip of the second front region 222 also expands.
[0049] When groove machining is performed, the chips 30 are discharged along the positions of the first front region 221 and the second front region 222 on the upper surface 22. At the same time, due to the action of the first side region 225 and the second side region 226, a reaction force is generated on both sides of the chips 30 by the protrusions of the first side region 225 and the second side region 226, bending the chips 30 upward.
[0050] As the chip 30 is discharged from the FF section to the GG section, the cross-sectional position of the second side region 226 expands. When the chip 30 comes into contact with the second side region 226, the force acting on the second side region 226 increases as the contact position expands, making the chip 30 more likely to bend upward due to the force of the second side region 226.
[0051] Referring again to Figures 7 and 8, the first side region 225 extends in the direction of the central axis L. Along the direction from front to back, the third outer position 2253, the first outer position 2251, and the second outer position 2252 are distributed in that order within the first side region 225. The third outer position 2253 is closest to the front cutting edge 23. The first outer position 2251 is located between the third outer position 2253 and the second outer position 2252. The second outer position 2252 is further from the front cutting edge 23 than the first outer position 2251, and the second outer position 2252 is the furthest from the front cutting edge 23.
[0052] In the first side region 225, the width of the first side region 225 gradually increases as it extends backward from the front cutting edge 23 in the direction along the central axis L of the cutting insert 10. Here, "width" refers to the distance in the direction toward the central axis L along the transverse cutting edge 25. In other words, the width of the third outer region 2253 is smaller than the width of the first outer region 2251, and the width of the first outer region 2251 is smaller than the width of the second outer region 2252.
[0053] The first external portion 2251 is further away from the anterior cutting edge 23 than the second anterior region 222. Therefore, the specific position of the first external portion 2251 is located behind the second anterior region 222. The width of the first external portion 2251 is smaller than the width of the first anterior region 221. Also, the width of the second external portion 2252 is larger than the width of the first anterior region 221.
[0054] The second side region 226 comprises a first internal section 2261 and a second internal section 2262. The first internal section 2261 is connected to the first external section 2251, and the second internal section 2262 is connected to the second external section 2252. The width of the first external section 2251 is smaller than the width of the first internal section 2261.
[0055] The first external region 2251 and the first internal region 2261 are further from the front cutting edge 23 than the second anterior region 222. Also, the width of the second external region 2252 is greater than the width of the second internal region 2262. In the direction along the central axis L, the widths of the first internal region 2261 and the second internal region 2262 decrease from front to back.
[0056] The side regions act to restrain the chips, changing the width of the first side region 225. Due to the restraining action of the second side region 226, the chips are guided in the direction away from the front cutting edge 23 within the second side region 226, gradually moving in the direction of the central axis as they move from the first internal position 2261 to the second internal position 2262, and are eventually discharged smoothly.
[0057] Specifically, in this embodiment, the second side region 226 further comprises a third internal region 2263. The third internal region 2263 is closer to the front cutting edge 23 than the first internal region 2261. The third internal region 2263 is positioned opposite the third external region 2253, and the third internal region 2263 is connected to the third external region 2253.
[0058] The third internal section 2263 can smoothly connect the first front region 221, the second front region 222, and the second side region 226. The side of the third internal section 2263 closest to the first side region 225 is connected to the second side region 226. The other side of the third internal section 2263 is connected to the first front region 221 and the second front region 222. The maximum width of the third internal section 2263 is greater than the width of the third external section 2253. The structure of the third internal section 2263 is a rounded arc-shaped surface. The third internal section 2263 forms an inclined surface with a tendency to slope. This inclined surface is advantageous for guiding chips to be discharged in one direction and reduces the likelihood of chip entanglement.
[0059] Specifically, a curved surface is provided at the connection point between the third internal section 2263 and the first and second front sections, and the radius of curvature R can be set to 0.1 mm ≤ R ≤ 0.2 mm. If the radius of curvature R of the third internal section 2263 is large, the position of the second side section 226 moves further back from the front cutting edge 23, and at the same time, the area of the second side section 226 becomes smaller.
[0060] By providing the third internal portion 2263, the area of the second side region 226 and the second front region 222 is increased, and the position of the second side region 226 is moved forward, bringing it closer to the front cutting edge 23. When machining grooves, the second side region 226 of the groove insert can restrain chips more quickly. Therefore, the cutting insert 10 can efficiently wind up chips, allowing for better chip discharge without interfering with the side surface of the groove in the workpiece.
[0061] On the upper surface 22 of the cutting insert 10, a projection 27 is provided between the two cross-cutting blades 25. The projection 27 is located in the center of the upper surface 22 of the cutting insert 10. The projection 27 is located on the central axis of the cutting insert 10. The two cross-cutting blades 25 are provided symmetrically on either side of the projection 27. The side region is provided between the projection 27 and the cross-cutting blades 25. As a result, the distance between the projection 27 and the front cutting blade 23, and the distance between the two cross-cutting blades 25 are appropriate, allowing chips to move relatively smoothly across the upper surface of the cutting insert 10. Therefore, the projection 27 facilitates control of smooth chip discharge in one direction and is advantageous in suppressing chip entanglement.
[0062] The projection 27 has an elongated shape and extends in the direction of the central axis. The height of the projection 27 changes gradually. Here, "height" refers to the distance in the vertical direction. Specifically, the height of the projection 27 gradually increases in the direction from rear to front. A peak 271 is formed at the tip of the projection 27, and the front surface of the peak 271 gradually slopes down and is transiently connected to the second front region 222. The height of the projection 27 at the position of the peak 271 is high, which is advantageous for chips to be wound up in a predetermined shape and direction at the peak 271 of the projection 27 after passing through the first front region 221 and the second front region 222, and is advantageous for direct discharge.
[0063] The height of the peak 271 is lower than the height of the cross-cutting edge 25. Here, "lower" means that the height of the peak 271 is close to the height of the cross-cutting edge 25 but still lower. In other words, in a side view of the cutting insert 10, the projection 27 is shielded by the cross-cutting edge 25. Furthermore, the position where the projection 27 and the second front region 222 intersect is advantageous in that it secures enough space for the chips to be stirred up and reduces the occurrence of chip welding.
[0064] Here, we will explain the chip-winding process by the cutting insert 10 in accordance with different working scenarios for the cutting insert 10, using a cylindrical workpiece as an example.
[0065] When the cutting insert 10 of this embodiment performs groove machining on a cylindrical workpiece 40, referring to Figure 14, the cutting insert 10 enters in the axial direction V perpendicular to the cylinder and performs groove machining. The front cutting edge 23 of the cutting insert 10 contacts the workpiece, and the chip is transferred from the front cutting edge 23 to the first front region 221. The first front region 221 is inclined downward, and the chip moves diagonally downward along the first front region 221. As the chip passes through the first front region 221, both sides of the cut pass first through the second ends 228 located on both sides of the first front region 221. The second ends 228 are closer to the front cutting edge 23, and the height of the second ends 228 is higher than that of the second front region 222, so both sides of the chip contact the second ends 228, and both sides of the cut curl up in the direction of the central axis. The chip passes through the second end 228, with both sides of the chip in contact with the second side region 226. The chip enters the second side region 2266 from the third internal section 2263, which is connected to the third external section 2253. As the third external section 2253 gradually increases in the direction away from the front cutting edge 23, the space distance between the two third internal sections 2263 located on the left and right sides also gradually decreases. Due to the action of the third internal section 2263, both sides of the chip 30 are bent upward along the plane of the third internal section 2263 and pressed toward the central axis. As the chip moves backward through the third internal section 2263 along the first internal section 2261 and the second internal section 2262, the width from the first internal section 2261 to the second internal section 2262 gradually decreases, allowing the chip to be guided and gradually approach the central axis.
[0066] The chips continue to move in the central axis direction, passing through the first front region 221 and the second front region 222, moving to the front surface of the tip of the projection 27, rising along the front surface to the position of the peak 271, and the action of the projection 27 causes the chips to be regularly and correctly wound upward and discharged. The chips are pressed against the central axis position by various actions, wound upward and discharged, and do not interfere with the walls on both sides of the groove of the workpiece.
[0067] When the cutting insert 10 of this embodiment performs shoulder groove machining on a cylindrical workpiece 40, referring to Figure 15, the cutting insert 10 moves in the axial direction V perpendicular to the cylinder to perform cutting. A portion of the front cutting edge 23 of the cutting insert 10 comes into contact with the workpiece. The formed chip is also bent upward along the plane of the third internal section 2263 by the action of the third internal section 2263 and pressed toward the central axis position. As the chip near the central axis moves through the first front region 221 and the second front region 222 to the front surface of the tip of the projection 27 or the slope of the side end of the projection 27, it rises along the front surface or slope to the peak 271 position, and the action of the projection 27 causes the chip to be regularly wound upward and discharged. The chip is then pushed toward the central axis direction by the action of the second side region 226 and the projection 27, and finally discharged toward the central axis direction.
[0068] When the cutting insert 10 of this embodiment performs a lateral cutting operation on a cylindrical workpiece 40, referring to Figure 16, the cutting insert 10 moves in the axial direction V parallel to the cylinder to perform the cutting. The lateral cutting edge 25 of the cutting insert 10 contacts the workpiece, and the chip is transferred from the lateral cutting edge 25 to the first side region 225. The first side region 225 is inclined downward, and the chip is rolled up diagonally downward along the first side region 225. The second side region 226 is inclined even more downward than the first side region 225. The space in the second side region 226 is expanded, and there is enough space for the chip to move through the second side region 226.
[0069] As the width of the first side region 225 gradually increases in the direction away from the front cutting edge 23, a difference in order occurs when chips enter the second side region 226. Chips closer to the third outer position 2253 enter the second side region 226 first, while chips closer to the second outer position 2252 enter the second side region 226 later. Therefore, the movable space for chips entering the third inner position 2263 is larger than the movable space for chips entering the second inner position 2262. Consequently, due to the synergistic effect of the shape of the projection 27, which is higher at the front end and lower at the rear end, the chip winding radius in the third inner position 2263 is larger than when it is closer to the second inner position 2262. Due to these differences, the chips are wound up and discharged in the direction away from the front cutting edge 23 and do not interfere with the machined surface of the workpiece. Therefore, as the cutting portion 2 of the cutting insert 10 in this embodiment passes through the first front region 221 and the second front region 224 which is inclined further downward, the first side region 225 and the second side region 226 which is inclined further downward, the chip containment space is expanded, sufficient space is secured for the chips to be wound up, and this is advantageous in reducing the occurrence of chip welding.
[0070] Furthermore, if the first end portion 224 is further away from the front cutting edge 23 than the second end portion 228, the second side region 226 is closer to the front cutting edge 23, and the second side region 226 comes into contact with the chip earlier. As a result, the chip is formed by curling up in the direction of the central axis, and the chip extends in a certain direction and is discharged smoothly, thus avoiding chip welding.
[0071] While the present invention has been described with reference to several typical embodiments, the terminology used is descriptive and illustrative, and not limiting. Since the present invention can be concretely implemented in various ways without departing from the spirit or essence of the invention, the above embodiments are not limited to the above details and should be interpreted broadly within the spirit and scope defined by the appended claims, and it should be understood that all changes and modifications included within the claims or their equivalent scope are included within the appended claims. [Explanation of Symbols]
[0072] 10... Cutting inserts 90 shank 91...Fascinating structure 92... screw 1. Main body 11...Top side 111...First mounting groove 12...Bottom side 121...Second mounting groove 2...Cutting part 21...Front 22...Top surface 221...First front area 222...Second front area 223...Previous connection area 224...end 225...first side area 2251...first external part 2252...Second external part 2253...Third external part 226...Second side area 2261...1st internal part 2262...Second internal part 2263...Third internal part 227...side connection area 228...Second end 23...Front cutting edge 24...side view 25...Cross edge 26... Rounded cutting edge 27...Protrusion 271... Peak 30...scraps 40...Work material X...1st inclination angle Y...Second tilt angle Z...Third tilt angle W...4th angle of inclination
Claims
1. A cutting insert that extends from the front end to the rear end, The front surface located at the front end, The upper surface connected to the front surface, The side surface connected to the front surface and the top surface, A front cutting blade located at the intersection of the front surface and the upper surface, It comprises a cross-cutting blade located at the intersection of the aforementioned side surface and the aforementioned top surface, The aforementioned upper surface is, A first front region connected to the front cutting edge and inclined downward, A second front region connected to the first front region and inclined downward, A first side region connected to the aforementioned cross-cutting blade and inclined downward, It comprises a second side region connected to the first side region and inclined downward, The end closest to the cross-cutting blade at the connection point between the first front region and the second front region is defined as the first end. When the end closest to the front cutting edge at the connection point between the first side region and the second side region is defined as the second end, A cutting insert in which the first end is further away from the front cutting edge than the second end.
2. The cutting insert according to claim 1, wherein the connection point between the first front region and the second front region is, as a whole, further away from the front cutting edge than the second end.
3. The cutting insert according to claim 1, wherein the height of the first end is lower than the height of the second end, and the first end is located below the second end.
4. The cutting insert according to claim 1, wherein the first end is further away from the cross-cutting edge than the second end.
5. The cutting insert according to claim 1, wherein the first front region and the second front region are each flat.
6. The cutting insert according to claim 1, wherein the first side region and the second side region are each flat.
7. The first side region comprises a first outer portion and a second outer portion, the second outer portion being further away from the front cutting edge than the first outer portion. The second side region comprises a first internal portion and a second internal portion, the first internal portion being connected to the first external portion, and the second internal portion being connected to the second external portion. The first external region and the first internal region are further away from the front cutting edge than the second front region. The cutting insert according to claim 1, wherein the width of the first external portion is smaller than the width of the first internal portion, and the width of the second external portion is larger than the width of the second internal portion.
8. The first side region includes a third outer portion that is closer to the front cutting edge than the first outer portion, The second side region includes a third internal portion that is closer to the front cutting edge than the first internal portion. The cutting insert according to claim 7, wherein the third internal portion is connected to the first front region and the second front region, respectively, and the maximum width of the third internal portion is greater than the width of the third external portion.
9. The cutting insert according to claim 7, wherein the width of the first external portion is smaller than the width of the first front region, and the width of the second external portion is larger than the width of the first front region.
10. The cutting insert according to claim 1, wherein the upper surface has a projection between the two cross-cutting blades, the projection has an elongated shape and extends from rear to front, the height of the projection gradually increases, a peak is formed at the tip of the projection, the front surface of the peak gradually decreases and transitionally connects to the second front region.
11. The cutting insert according to claim 10, wherein the height of the peak is lower than the height of the cross-cutting edge.