Dispersant composition comprising hydrophobic and hydrophilic modified maleated natural oil and use thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides a dispersant composition comprising at least one dispersant having the following reaction products. (A) a maleated natural oil comprising a natural oil having a maleated functional group, and (b) a functionalized or non-functionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of hydrophobic moieties, hydrophilic moieties, and combinations thereof. (A) a maleated natural oil comprising a natural oil having a maleated functional group, (B) a base, and (C) a functionalized or non-functionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of hydrophobic moieties, hydrophilic moieties, and combinations thereof. (A) a maleated natural oil comprising a natural oil having a maleated functional group; (B) a functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of a hydrophobic moiety, a hydrophilic moiety, and a combination thereof, wherein the maleated functional group is partially reacted with the functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety; and (C) a base. (A) Maleated natural oil comprising a natural oil having a maleating functional group, and (B) a base.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This application relates to dispersant compositions comprising modified maleated natural oils. Furthermore, this application provides for the use of these compositions as wetting and dispersing agents in personal care, coatings, agriculture, and pharmaceuticals. [Background technology]

[0002] Modified natural oils may be nondispersible in water or alcohol. As a result, these oils can be incorporated into a wide variety of compositions. Such compositions include, but are not limited to, personal care (e.g., hair care, sun care, skin care, oral care), adhesives, coatings, paints, electronics, household, industrial and commercial (HI&I) compositions, inks, films, metalworking fluids, oilfield chemicals, plastics and plasticizers, textiles, industrial products, preservatives, pharmaceutical / nutritional products, and pesticide compositions.

[0003] Natural oils, such as soybean oil and linseed oil, are among the most promising raw materials in the synthesis of renewable compounds, including polymers, plastics, and plasticizers. These natural materials are inexpensive, abundant, obtainable from reliable and sustainable sources, and offer high potential for modification. Natural oils are generally mixtures of various triglycerides, esterification products of fatty acids and glycerol, and contain varying degrees of unsaturation (i.e., double bonds). Oils can be characterized by their hydroxyl value and fatty acid composition. Both natural fatty acids and natural oils need to be chemically modified to be sufficiently reactive to allow for structural changes and polymerization, because olefin functional groups are relatively unreactive. The unsaturated double bonds in these compounds have been converted to epoxy functional groups and succinic anhydride functional groups, making it possible to introduce many hydroxyl-containing species into natural oils.

[0004] Maleated natural oils are natural oils that have been chemically functionalized by the chemical addition of epoxide (oxirane) and succinic anhydride functional groups. Examples include epoxidized and maleated soybean oil and linseed oil, and unsaturated natural oils are suitable for this type of chemical functionalization.

[0005] Dispersants are commonly used to wet dry fillers during mixing, reduce viscosity, and make formulations easier to work with. Numerous dispersants are commercially available. One example is pigments, which are traditionally sold as powders or as dispersions in solvents.

[0006] International Publication Nos. 2019 / 113068 (numbered) and International Publication Nos. 2005 / 071050 (numbered), which are PCT applications, describe technology relating to metalworking fluids comprising maleated soybean oil derivatives.

[0007] International Publication No. 2021252426, a PCT application belonging to Sun Chemical Corporation, discloses a solid pigment dispersion comprising one or more pigments approved for cosmetic use and a combination of one or more plant-derived oils and / or waxes, the dispersion being in the form of a dry powder.

[0008] United States Patent Publication No. 10836910, held by Sherwin Williams Co., discloses a concentrate for use in the manufacture of a fluid colorant or final coating composition, wherein at least 95% by weight of the concentrate is a mixture of (i) solid pigment particles and (ii) a non-volatile reactive liquid diluent comprising at least 60% by weight of one or more molecular species having a viscosity of less than 1,000 cps, having at least three reactive unsaturated sites, and having a molar equivalent mass of less than 500 grams (g) per reactive unsaturated site, and the concentrate also contains (iii) one or more pigment wetting agents or dispersants when the reactive liquid diluent alone does not stably disperse the pigment particles.

[0009] In the field of personal care and coatings, there is a need for dispersion compositions that are renewable, natural, and biodegradable, possess different and controllable chemical, physical, and / or mechanical properties, and are prepared from materials that minimize or eliminate the limitations found in natural oils and maleated natural oils. [Overview of the project]

[0010] In one important aspect, the present application provides a dispersant composition comprising (a) a maleated natural oil having a maleated functional group, and (b) at least one dispersant comprising a reaction product of a hydrophobic moiety, a hydrophilic moiety, and a combination thereof selected from the group.

[0011] In one important aspect, the present application provides a dispersant composition comprising (A) a maleated natural oil having a maleated functional group, (B) a base, and (C) a reaction product with a functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of hydrophobic moieties, hydrophilic moieties, and combinations thereof.

[0012] In one important aspect, the present application provides a dispersant composition comprising (A) a maleated natural oil having a maleated functional group, (B) a functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of hydrophobic moieties, hydrophilic moieties, and combinations thereof, wherein the maleated functional group is partially reacted with the functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety, and (C) at least one dispersant comprising a reaction product with a base.

[0013] In one important aspect, the present application provides a dispersant composition comprising (A) a maleated natural oil having a maleating functional group, and (B) at least one dispersant comprising a reaction product of a base.

[0014] In other important embodiments, the present application provides a coating dispersant composition comprising (i) at least one dispersant comprising a reaction product of (a) a maleated natural oil having a maleated functional group and (b) a functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of a hydrophobic moiety, a hydrophilic moiety, and a combination thereof, and (ii) at least one solid particulate component.

[0015] In other important embodiments, the present application provides a dispersant composition for personal care, the composition comprising (i) at least one dispersant comprising a reaction product of (a) a maleated natural oil and (b) a functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of a hydrophobic moiety, a hydrophilic moiety, and a combination thereof, and (ii) at least one solid particulate component.

[0016] In other important aspects, the present application provides a dispersant composition for color cosmetics, the composition comprising (i) at least one dispersant comprising a reaction product of (a) a maleated natural oil having a maleated functional group and (b) a functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of a hydrophobic moiety, a hydrophilic moiety, and a combination thereof, and (ii) at least one solid particulate component.

[0017] In yet another important aspect, the present application provides a dispersant composition comprising (A) 10 to 90% by weight of at least one dispersant, (i) 0.1 to 10% by weight of a reaction product comprising (a) a maleized natural oil having a maleated functional group and (b) a functionalized or non-functionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of a hydrophobic moiety, a hydrophilic moiety, and a combination thereof, and (B) 2 to 70% by weight of at least one solid particulate component.

[0018] In yet another important aspect, the present application provides a dispersant composition, the composition comprising (A) a maleated natural oil comprising a natural oil having a maleated functional group, (B) a base, (C) a reaction product with a functionalized or non-functionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of a hydrophobic moiety, a hydrophilic moiety, and combinations thereof, wherein the maleated functional group reacts partially with the base and the maleated functional group reacts partially with the functionalized or non-functionalized moiety.

[0019] In yet another important aspect, the present application provides a coating dispersant composition, the composition comprising (i) a dispersant composition comprising (A) a maleated natural oil comprising a natural oil having a maleated functional group, (B) a base, (C) a reaction product with a functionalized or non-functionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of a hydrophobic moiety, a hydrophilic moiety, and combinations thereof, wherein the maleated functional group reacts partially with the base and the maleated functional group reacts partially with the functionalized or non-functionalized moiety, and (ii) at least one solid particle component.

[0020] In yet another important aspect, the present application provides a personal care dispersant composition, the composition comprising (i) a dispersant composition comprising (A) a maleated natural oil comprising a natural oil having a maleated functional group, (B) a base, (C) a functionalized or non-functionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of a hydrophobic moiety, a hydrophilic moiety, and combinations thereof, wherein the maleated functional group reacts partially with the base and the maleated functional group reacts partially with the functionalized or non-functionalized moiety, and a reaction product with the functionalized or non-functionalized moiety, and (ii) at least one solid particle component.

[0021] In yet another important aspect, the present application provides a dispersant composition for color cosmetics, the composition comprising: (i) a dispersant composition comprising (A) a maleated natural oil comprising a natural oil having a maleated functional group, (B) a base, and (C) a functionalized or non-functionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of a hydrophobic moiety, a hydrophilic moiety, and combinations thereof, wherein the maleated functional group is partially reacted with the base and the maleated functional group is partially reacted with the functionalized or non-functionalized moiety, and (ii) at least one solid particle component.

[0022] In yet another important aspect, the present application provides a dispersant composition for personal care, the composition comprising: (A) a reaction product of 0.01 to 20.0% by weight of (a) a maleated natural oil comprising a natural oil having a maleated functional group, (b) a base, and (c) a functionalized or non-functionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of a hydrophobic moiety, a hydrophilic moiety, and combinations thereof, wherein the maleated functional group is partially reacted with the base and the maleated functional group is partially reacted with the functionalized or non-functionalized moiety, (B) 1.0 to 90.0% by weight of one or more personal care active ingredients, and (C) 1.0 to 99.0% by weight of one or more additional ingredients.

[0023] In yet another important aspect, the present application provides a dispersant composition for personal care, the present application comprising: (A) a reaction product of 0.01 to 20.0% by weight of (a) a maleated natural oil comprising a natural oil having a maleated functional group, (b) a base selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, and combinations thereof, and (c) a group consisting of 2-octyldodecyl alcohol, glycerol, and combinations thereof, wherein the maleated functional group is partially reacted with the base and the maleated functional group is partially reacted with 2-octyldodecyl alcohol or glycerol, (B) 1.0 to 90.0% by weight of one or more agricultural active ingredients, and (C) 1.0 to 99.0% by weight of one or more additional ingredients.

[0024] In yet another important aspect, the present application provides a dispersant composition comprising (A) a maleated natural oil having a maleated functional group, (B) a functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of hydrophobic moieties, hydrophilic moieties, and combinations thereof, wherein the maleated functional group is partially reacted with the functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety, and (C) a reaction product of a base.

[0025] In yet another important aspect, the present application provides a dispersant composition for coatings comprising: (i) a maleated natural oil comprising a natural oil having maleated functional groups; (B) a functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of hydrophobic moieties, hydrophilic moieties, and combinations thereof, wherein the maleated functional groups are partially reacted with the functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety; (C) a dispersant composition comprising a reaction product with a base; and (ii) at least one solid particle component.

[0026] In yet another important aspect, the present application provides a dispersant composition for personal care, the composition comprising (i) a maleated natural oil having a maleated functional group, (B) a functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of a hydrophobic moiety, a hydrophilic moiety, and a combination thereof, wherein the maleated functional group is partially reacted with the functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety, (C) a dispersant composition comprising a reaction product with a base, and (ii) at least one solid particle component.

[0027] In yet another important aspect, the present application provides a dispersant composition for color cosmetics, the composition comprising (i) a maleated natural oil having a maleated functional group, (B) a functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of a hydrophobic moiety, a hydrophilic moiety, and a combination thereof, wherein the maleated functional group is partially reacted with the functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety, (C) a dispersant composition comprising a reaction product with a base, and (ii) at least one solid particle component.

[0028] In yet another important aspect, the present application provides a dispersant composition comprising at least one dispersant comprising (a) a maleated natural oil having a maleated functional group and (b) a reaction product of a base.

[0029] In yet another important aspect, the present application provides a coating dispersant composition comprising (a) at least one dispersant comprising (a) a maleated natural oil having a maleated functional group, (b) a reaction product of a base, and (b) a particulate compound.

[0030] In yet another important aspect, the application provides a dispersant composition for personal care, the composition comprising (a) at least one dispersant comprising a maleated natural oil having a maleated functional group, (a) a reaction product of a base, and (b) a particulate compound.

[0031] In yet another important aspect, the application provides a dispersant composition for color cosmetics, the composition comprising (a) at least one dispersant comprising a maleated natural oil having a maleated functional group, (a) a reaction product of a base, and (b) a particulate compound.

[0032] In yet another important aspect, the present application provides a dispersant composition comprising (A) at least one dispersant comprising (i) 0.1 to 10% by weight of a reaction product comprising (a) a maleized natural oil having a maleating functional group and (b) a base, and (B) 2 to 70% by weight of at least one particulate component. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0033] This specification describes dispersant compositions comprising modified maleated natural oils and applications of these dispersant compositions in personal care, coatings, agriculture, and pharmaceuticals.

[0034] Unless otherwise defined herein, technical terms used in connection with the disclosed and / or claimed inventive concepts shall have the meaning generally understood by those skilled in the art. Furthermore, unless otherwise required by context, singular terms shall include plural forms and plural terms shall include singular forms.

[0035] The singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are considered to include the plural form unless the context explicitly specifies otherwise or the context in which they are referenced explicitly suggests the opposite meaning. The terms "comprising" and "comprises of" also encompass more restrictive claims such as "consisting essentially of" and "consisting of."

[0036] In the detailed description below, except for the examples, or unless otherwise explicitly stated, all numerical values ​​such as the amounts of components described in the specification and claims should be understood to be modified by "approximately." The numerical parameters described in the specification and appended claims are approximations that may vary depending on the desired characteristics to be obtained in the implementation of the invention.

[0037] All percentages, parts, proportions, and ratios used herein are based on the weight of the entire composition unless otherwise specified. These weights for the listed components are based on the active ingredient level and, therefore, do not include solvents or by-products that may be present in commercially available materials unless otherwise specified.

[0038] All publications, articles, papers, patents, patent publications, and other references cited herein are incorporated herein in their entirety to the extent consistent with the disclosures herein.

[0039] The use of the term "at least one" should be understood to include 1, as well as any quantity greater than 1, including but not limited to 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 100, etc. The term "at least one" can also extend to 100 or 1000 or more, depending on the term it is attached to. Furthermore, the quantity 100 / 1000 is not limiting, and satisfactory results may be obtained with lower or higher threshold values.

[0040] "Alkyl" refers to a functionalized or unfunctionalized monovalent linear, branched, or cyclic C1-C12 chain. 60 This refers to a hydrocarbon group that may have one or more heteroatoms. As a non-limiting example, alkyl groups are C1-C 45 It is a hydrocarbon group. As another non-limiting example, alkyl groups are C1-C 30 It is a hydrocarbon group. Non-limiting examples of alkyl groups include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, 2-ethylhexyl, tert-octyl, isonorbornyl, n-dodecyl, tert-dodecyl, n-tetradecyl, n-hexadecyl, n-octadecyl, n-eicosyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, etc. The definition of "alkyl" also includes groups obtained by combinations of linear, branched, and / or cyclic structures.

[0041] "Aryl" refers to a functionalized or unfunctionalized monovalent aromatic hydrocarbon group, which may optionally have one or more heteroatoms. The definition of aryl includes carbocyclic and heterocyclic aromatic groups. Non-restrictive examples of aryl groups include phenyl, naphthyl, indenyl, indanyl, azlenyl, fluorenyl, anthracenyl, furyl, thienyl, pyridyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, 2-pyrazolinyl, pyrazolidinyl, isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl, 1,2,3-oxadiazolyl, 1,2,3-triazolyl, 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl, pyridadinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, 1,3,5-triazinyl, 1,3,5-trithianyl, indolidinyl, Examples include indolyl, isoindolyl, 3H-indolyl, indolinyl, benzo[b]furanyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuranyl, benzo[b]thiophenyl, 1H-indazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzothiazolyl, prinyl, 4H-quinolidinyl, isoquinolinyl, sinnolinyl, phthalazinyl, quinazolinyl, quinoxalinyl, 1,8-nafuslidinyl, pteridinyl, carbazolyl, acridinyl, phenazinyl, phenothiazinyl, phenoxyazinyl, pyrazolo[1,5-c]triazinyl, etc.

[0042] An "aralkyl" is an alkyl group having one or more aryl substituents, where "aryl" and "alkyl" are as defined above. Non-limiting examples of aralkyl groups include benzyl, 2-phenylethyl, 3-phenylpropyl, 4-phenylbutyl, 5-phenylpentyl, 4-phenylcyclohexyl, 4-benzylcyclohexyl, 4-phenylcyclohexylmethyl, and 4-benzylcyclohexylmethyl.

[0043] "Alkylene" refers to functionalized or unfunctionalized divalent linear, branched, or cyclic C1-C12 molecules. 40 It refers to a hydrocarbon group that may have one or more heteroatoms. As a non-limiting example, alkylenes are C1-C 30 It is a base. As another non-limiting example, alkylenes are C1-C20 It is a group. Non-restrictive examples of alkylene groups include the following: [ka]

[0044] "Allylene" is a term referring to a functionalized or unfunctionalized divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group that may contain one or more heteroatoms as needed. The definition of allylene includes both carbocyclic and heterocyclic groups. Non-exclusive examples of allylene groups include phenylene, naphthylene, and pyridylene.

[0045] "Branched and unbranched alkyl groups" refers to linear or branchable alkyl groups. Branched groups include isopropyl, tert-butyl, and others.

[0046] As used herein, “comprising” (and any variations of “comprise,” such as “comprise,” “comprises,” etc.), “having” (and any variations of “have,” such as “has,” etc.), “including” (and any variations of “includes,” such as “include,” etc.), and “containing” (and any variations of “contains,” such as “contain,” etc.) are in a general or open-ended sense and do not exclude additional, undescribed elements or method steps.

[0047] As used herein, the term "dispersant" refers to "a substance added to a suspension to improve the separation of particles and prevent sedimentation or aggregation."

[0048] The term "independently selected from a group consisting of ~" means that if a group appears multiple times in a structure, that group can be independently selected each time it appears.

[0049] The term "heteroatom" refers to oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, silicon, phosphorus, or halogen. Heteroatoms can exist as part of one or more heteroatom-containing functional groups. Non-exclusive examples of heteroatom-containing functional groups include ethers, hydroxyls, epoxys, carbonyls, carboxamides, carboxylic acid esters, carboxylic acids, imines, imides, amines, sulfonic acids, sulfonamides, phosphonic acids, and silane groups. Heteroatoms can also exist as part of rings, such as heteroaromatic groups and heteroalylene groups.

[0050] A "hydrocarbon group" refers to linear and branched alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, aryl groups, and combinations thereof, which optionally contain heteroatoms. A hydrocarbon group can be monovalent, divalent, or polyvalent, and its carbon chain contains at least two carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 100 carbon atoms.

[0051] "Hydrophilic" means that a compound has an affinity for water, while "hydrophobic" means that it does not have an affinity for water.

[0052] As one non-limiting example, the hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts may be hydrocarbon alcohols, hydrocarbon amines, silicon compounds, or combinations thereof.

[0053] Hydrocarbon alcohols are classified into primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols based on the number of carbon atoms bonded to the carbon atom containing the hydroxyl group. Each classification of alcohol may have a general formula. For example, the general formula for a primary alcohol is: [ka] The general formula for secondary alcohols is: [ka] And, The general formula for tertiary alcohols is: [ka] Here, R, R', and R'' represent hydrogen, different alkyl, alkylene, aryl, aralkyl, allylene, and heteroatom groups.

[0054] The terms used herein are relative; hydrophilic portions have a higher affinity for water than hydrophobic portions, but hydrophilic portions are not necessarily completely water-soluble. Similarly, hydrophobic portions have a lower affinity for water than hydrophilic portions, but hydrophobic portions are not necessarily water-repellent. Hydrophilic portions tend to have an affinity for water and other polar solvents, while hydrophobic portions tend to have an affinity for oils and other nonpolar solvents.

[0055] The term "functional ingredient" refers to an ingredient that exerts pharmacological activity or other direct effects in the diagnosis, cure, alleviation, treatment, or prevention of a disease, or an ingredient that affects the structure or any function of the human or animal body. Functional ingredients may be contained in personal care products, coating products, or agricultural products. When a functional ingredient is contained in a personal care product that contains at least one effective personal care ingredient, personal care ingredients include, but are not limited to, analgesics, anesthetics, antibiotics, antifungals, disinfectants, anti-dandruff agents, antimicrobial agents, vitamins, hormones, antidiarrheals, corticosteroids, anti-inflammatory agents, vasodilators, keratolytic agents, dry eye compositions, wound healing agents, anti-infective agents, as well as solvents, diluents, excipients and other ingredients such as water, mineral oil, preservatives, surfactants, propellants, fragrances, essential oils, and thickeners.

[0056] The term "functionalized" for any part means that the part contains one or more functional groups. Various functional groups can be introduced to a part by one or more functionalization reactions known to those skilled in the art. Non-limiting examples of functionalization reactions include alkylation, epoxidation, sulfonation, hydrolysis, amidation, esterification, hydroxylation, dihydroxylation, amination, ammonialysis, acylation, nitration, oxidation, dehydration, elimination, hydration, dehydrogenation, hydrogenation, acetalization, halogenation, dehalogenation, Michael addition, aldol condensation, Cannizzaro reaction, Mannich reaction, Klassen condensation, Suzuki coupling, and the like. In one non-limiting embodiment, the term "functionalized" means that any part contains one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, hydroxyl, carboxyl, halogen, alkoxy, amino, imino, and combinations thereof.

[0057] In this specification, the term "maleinated natural oil" refers to a natural oil containing one or more maleinating functional groups. Therefore, the terms "maleination" or "maleinated" in this specification should be understood as synonymous with "functionalization" insofar as the use of functionalizing reagents other than maleic anhydride is envisioned in the process of the invention.

[0058] The terms "part" or "subgroup" refer to a portion or functional group of a molecule.

[0059] The term "natural oil" refers to compounds containing triglycerides and may contain varying amounts of fatty acids, monoglycerides, diglycerides, and triglycerides, which refer to oils of plant or animal origin. Natural oils also include fatty acid glyceryl esters synthesized by reacting glycerol with 1, 2, or 3 molar equivalents of fatty acids or fatty acid mixtures. These compounds may be monoglycerides, diglycerides, or triglycerides of a single fatty acid or fatty acid mixture.

[0060] The term "polymer" refers to a compound that comprises repeating structural units (monomers) linked by covalent bonds. Polymers can be further derivatized, crosslinked, grafted, or terminated. Non-limiting examples of polymers include copolymers, terpolymers, quaternary copolymers, quaternary polymers, and homologs. The term "polymer" refers to a polymer substantially composed of a copolymer obtained by polymerizing two or more different monomers.

[0061] The term "reaction product" refers to a substance produced from a chemical reaction between one or more reactants.

[0062] In this specification, the term "soybean oil ester" refers to the reaction product of (i) maleated soybean oil, (ii) octyldodecyl alcohol, and (iii) glycerol.

[0063] The terms “chelating agent” or “sequestering agent” as used herein relate to compounds that can bind or complex metal ions between two or more atoms in the compound, thereby neutralizing or controlling the harmful effects of metal ions. The retention or binding of metal ions is by a combination of one or more different types of bonding, including coordinate bonds and / or ionic bonds. Furthermore, information relating to chelating agents and sequestering agents considered herein is fully disclosed in TEFuria, CRC Handbook of Food Additives, 2nd edition, pp. 271–294 (1972) and MSPeterson and A.M. Johnson (eds.), Encyclopedia of Food Science, pp. 694–699 (1978), the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0064] The structures shown below may refer to the first structure, the second structure, or the third structure, or a combination thereof. Succinic anhydride groups may be present in the upper, middle, or lower chains. [ka]

[0065] The term "unreacted maleated functional group" refers to the presence of unreacted maleic anhydride compounds or functional groups in the reaction product of the present invention, where the maleated functional group is completely unreacted and remains in its original state.

[0066] In one important embodiment, the present application provides a dispersant composition comprising (a) a maleated natural oil having a maleated functional group, and (b) at least one dispersant comprising a reaction product of a functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of a hydrophobic moiety, a hydrophilic moiety, and a combination thereof.

[0067] In one important embodiment, the present application provides a dispersant composition comprising (A) a maleated natural oil having a maleated functional group, (B) a base, and (C) at least one dispersant comprising a reaction product with a functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of hydrophobic moieties, hydrophilic moieties, and combinations thereof.

[0068] In one important embodiment, the present application provides a dispersant composition comprising (A) a maleated natural oil having a maleated functional group, (B) a functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of a hydrophobic moiety, a hydrophilic moiety, and a combination thereof, wherein the maleated functional group is partially reacted with the functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety, and (C) a dispersant comprising a reaction product with a base.

[0069] In one important embodiment, the present application provides a dispersant composition comprising (A) a maleated natural oil having a maleating functional group, and (B) at least one dispersant comprising a reaction product of a base.

[0070] Maleinated natural oils are natural oils that have maleated functional groups. Furthermore, maleinated natural oils are selected from the group consisting of maleinated avocado oil, maleinated almond oil, maleinated coconut oil, maleinated corn oil, maleinated canola oil, maleinated cottonseed oil, maleinated linseed oil, maleinated grapeseed oil, maleinated jojoba oil, maleinated linseed oil, maleinated nut oil, maleinated olive oil, maleinated palm oil, maleinated raisin oil, maleinated palm oil, maleinated palm kernel oil, maleinated peanut oil, maleinated rapeseed oil, maleinated safflower oil, maleinated sesame oil, maleinated soybean oil, maleinated pumpkin oil, maleinated sunflower oil, maleinated walnut oil, and mixtures thereof. Maleinated natural oil is maleinated soybean oil.

[0071] In one embodiment, the hydrophobic portion is approximately C6 to approximately C 36 Alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, and aryl alcohols containing atoms, potentially having heteroatoms or not, unsubstituted or substituted. 36 This portion is selected from the group consisting of unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, arylamine, silicon-based compounds, and combinations thereof, which may or may not contain heteroatoms.

[0072] Therefore, the hydrophobic alcohol is selected from the group consisting of heptanol, nonanol, decanol, dodecanol, phenol, ethylbenzyl alcohol, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 1-octanol, 2-octanol, 2-octyl-1-dodecyl alcohol, 2-tetradecanol, 2-hexadecanol, 3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol, 2-propyl-1-pentanol, 4-methyl-1-pentanol, and mixtures thereof, and the hydrophobic amine is selected from the group consisting of benzylamine, cyclohexylamine, hexylamine, methylhexylamine, phenethylamine, octylamine, oleylamine, decylamine, dodecylamine, octadecylamine, undecylamine, pentadecylamine, 2-methylbutylamine, dimethylamine, and mixtures thereof.

[0073] In one embodiment, the hydrophilic moiety is a moiety selected from the group consisting of unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, aryl alcohols, the aforementioned group being unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, aryl alcohols containing from about C1 to about C5 atoms, which may or may not have heteroatoms, the aforementioned group being unsubstituted or substituted polyols containing from about C2 to about 36 atoms, which may or may not have heteroatoms, the aforementioned group being silanes containing from about C2 to about C 36 atoms, and combinations thereof.

[0074] Therefore, hydrophilic alcohols are selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, dibutylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, methoxypolyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, hexylene glycol, sorbitol, neopentyl glycol, erythritol, mannitol, xylitol, sreitol, pentaerythritol, β-cyclodextrin, L-ribose, 2-deoxy-D-galactose, and mixtures thereof. Hydrophilic amines are selected from the group consisting of 2-methylpentane-1,5-diamine, diethanolamine, diisopropanolamine, selinol hydrochloride, 2-amino-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol, N-methyl-D-glucosamine, D-galactosamine hydrochloride, D-glucosamine hydrochloride, D-mannosamine hydrochloride, and mixtures thereof.

[0075] Therefore, the silane is functionalized with an alcohol or an amine, or a combination thereof. More preferably, the hydrophobic alcohol is selected from the group consisting of heptanol, nonanol, decanol, dodecanol, phenol, ethylbenzyl alcohol, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 1-octanol, 2-octanol, 2-octyl-1-dodecyl alcohol, 2-tetradecanol, 2-hexadecanol, 3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol, 2-propyl-1-pentanol, 4-methyl-1-pentanol, and mixtures thereof. More preferably, the hydrophilic alcohol is selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, dibutylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, methoxypolyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, hexylene glycol, sorbitol, neopentyl glycol, erythritol, mannitol, xylitol, sreitol, pentaerythritol, β-cyclodextrin, L-ribose, 2-deoxy-D-galactose, and mixtures thereof.

[0076] Therefore, the silicon-based compounds are hydrophobic compounds selected from the group consisting of aminopropylmethylsiloxane-dimethylsiloxane, N-ethylaminoisobutyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, poly(1,1-dimethylsilazane) telomer, aminopropyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, monoaminopropyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, (tetramethylpiperidinyloxy)propylmethylsiloxane-dimethylsiloxane copolymer, polydimethylsiloxane, carbinol(hydroxyl)-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, monocarbinol-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, monocarbinol-terminated functionalized polydimethylsiloxane, [bis(hydroxyethyl)amine]-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, silanol-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, silanol-terminated polydiphenylsiloxane, dodecylmethylsiloxane-hydroxypolyalkyleneoxypropylmethylsiloxane, and mixtures thereof. Preferably, the silane is a hydrophilic compound selected from the group consisting of 3-aminopropylsilanetriol, N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropylsilanetriol, and mixtures thereof.

[0077] The reactions relating to this application can be readily synthesized by methods known to those skilled in the art, non-limiting examples of which include radical polymerization solution polymerization, dispersion polymerization, emulsion polymerization, ionic chain polymerization, living polymerization, bulk polymerization, suspension polymerization, or precipitation polymerization. In particular, polymerization is carried out by any of the methods disclosed in George Odian's "Principles of Polymerization," 4th edition, 2004, Wiley, which are incorporated by reference in their entirety hereof, and also in "Decomposition Rate of Organic Free Radical Polymerization" (KWDixon, Polymer Handbook, Vol. 1, 4th edition, Wiley-Interscience, 1999, Chapter II), which are incorporated by reference in their entirety hereof.

[0078] Maleation reactions in natural oils can occur in three different ways under heating. The first method is known as the "ene" reaction (reaction of aryl hydrogen with enophil-pericyclic reaction), yielding a triglyceride structure with an anhydride moiety (succinic anhydride). The second method is radical addition, which consumes the double bond in the fatty acid and introduces succinic anhydride into the natural oil structure. The final reaction is also radical addition, introducing maleic anhydride into the natural oil structure without consuming the C=C bond (fatty acid chain and maleic anhydride), and this reaction occurs by deprotonation of hydrogen between two alkene groups. Subsequently, maleated natural oils can form cross-linked structures by reacting with hydrocarbon alcohols, hydrocarbon amines, and the hydrophobic and hydrophilic moies of silicon compounds (see examples). This type of reaction is carried out by heating at 210°C for 6 to 10 hours.

[0079] Therefore, the reactions in the above non-limiting examples, for illustrative purposes only, may be carried out at high temperatures ranging from about 150°C to about 300°C, or from about 170°C to about 230°C, or from about 200°C to about 220°C. The reaction time may range from about 0.5 hours to about 10 hours. In one embodiment, the reaction time is in the range of about 1 hour to about 5 hours, in another embodiment it is in the range of about 2 hours to 4 hours, and in yet another embodiment it is in the range of about 6 hours to 10 hours.

[0080] During maleation, the molar ratio of natural oil to maleic anhydride is 1 in some embodiments, 1 to 2 in other embodiments, 1 to 2.8 in yet another embodiment, and 1 to 3.2 moles of maleic anhydride per mole of natural oil in yet another embodiment.

[0081] The molar ratio of the reaction between maleized natural oil and the hydrophobic moiety, hydrophilic moiety, or mixture thereof is equal to 1:1, forming a reaction product having at least one unreacted maleated functional group.

[0082] In some embodiments, the applicability of the reaction product between the maleated natural oil and one or more functionalized or non-functionalized moieties selected from hydrophobic moieties, hydrophilic moieties, or combinations thereof may vary in the range of about 0.01% to about 0.1% by weight, about 0.1% to about 1% by weight, about 1% to about 5% by weight, or about 5% to about 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the aqueous personal care composition.

[0083] In other embodiments, the dispersant / wetting agent of the composition is, based on the total weight of the dispersant composition, in amounts of approximately 0.1% to approximately 1% by weight, approximately 1% to approximately 2.5% by weight, approximately 2.5% to approximately 5% by weight, approximately 5% to approximately 10% by weight, approximately 10% to approximately 15% by weight, approximately 15% to approximately 20% by weight, approximately 20% to approximately 25% by weight, approximately 25% to approximately 30% by weight, approximately 30% to approximately 35% by weight, and approximately It can vary within the range of 35% to approximately 40% by weight, approximately 40% to approximately 45% by weight, approximately 45% to approximately 50% by weight, approximately 50% to approximately 55% by weight, approximately 55% to approximately 60% by weight, approximately 60% to approximately 65% ​​by weight, approximately 65% ​​to approximately 70% by weight, approximately 70% to approximately 75% by weight, approximately 75% to approximately 80% by weight, approximately 80% to approximately 85% by weight, or approximately 85% to approximately 90% by weight.

[0084] Preferably, the dispersant is present in an amount of 0.1 to 90% by weight of the entire dispersant composition.

[0085] In other embodiments, the dispersant composition further comprises at least one particulate component. The particulate component is a solid selected from the group consisting of pigments for personal care, paints for architectural and industrial coatings, extenders and fillers for paints and plastic materials, fluorescent whitening agents for paper, fiber additives for solvent dye baths and inks, particulate ceramic materials, magnetic particles for magnetic recording media, organic solid biocides for pesticides and pharmaceuticals, solid particles for food and preservatives, and solid polymer surfactants for household use. Examples include graphite, barium sulfate, metal oxides, carbon black, calcium silicate, calcium carbonate, clay, hydrated aluminum oxide, indigo, kaolin, silica, talc, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide-isopropyl titanium triisostearate, zinc phthalocyanine, and mixtures thereof. In agricultural applications, the particulate component may be an organic solid biocide selected from the group consisting of disinfectants, insecticides, fungicides and herbicides.

[0086] In some embodiments, the appropriate range of the solid particle component of the composition is, based on the total weight of the dispersant composition, about 0.1% to about 1% by weight, about 1% to about 2.5% by weight, about 2.5% to about 5% by weight, about 5% to about 10% by weight, about 10% to about 15% by weight, about 15% to about 20% by weight, about 20% to about 25% by weight, about 25% to about 30% by weight, and about 30% to about 35% by weight. It can vary within the range of 1% by weight, approximately 35% to 40% by weight, approximately 40% to 45% by weight, approximately 45% to 50% by weight, approximately 50% to 55% by weight, approximately 55% to 60% by weight, approximately 60% to 65% by weight, approximately 65% ​​to 70% by weight, approximately 70% to 75% by weight, approximately 75% to 80% by weight, approximately 80% to 85% by weight, or approximately 85% to 90% by weight.

[0087] Therefore, the particulate component is present in an amount of 0.1 to 70% by weight of the entire dispersant composition.

[0088] The particulate components are selected from the group consisting of pigments for personal care, building and industrial coatings, fillers and extenders for paints and plastic materials, fluorescent whitening agents for paper, fiber additives for solvent dye baths and inks, particulate ceramic materials, magnetic particles for magnetic recording media, organic solid biocides for pesticides and pharmaceuticals, solid particles for food and preservatives, and solid polymer surfactants for household use.

[0089] The particulate components are selected from the group consisting of graphite, barium sulfate, metal oxides, carbon black, calcium silicate, calcium carbonate, clay, hydrated aluminum oxide, indigo, kaolin, silica, talc, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide-isopropyl titanium triisostearate, zinc phthalocyanine, and mixtures thereof.

[0090] In other embodiments, the dispersant composition of the present disclosure further optionally comprises at least one liquid component selected from oils, esters, alcohols, and glycols.

[0091] Non-limiting examples of esters include isotridecyl isononanoate, polyethylene glycol diheptanoate, isostearyl neopentanoate, tridecyl neopentanoate, cetyl octanoate, cetyl palmitate, cetyl ricinoleate, cetyl stearate, cetyl myristicate, isopropyl myristicate, cocodicaprylic / capric acid, decyl isostearate, isodecyl oleate, isodecyl neopentanoate, isohexyl neopentanoate, octyl palmitate, dioctyl maleate, tridecyl octanoate, myristyl myristicate, octododecanol, and aliphatic alcohols such as oleyl alcohol and isocetyl alcohol.

[0092] Non-exclusive examples of oils include glyceryl esters or triglycerides of fatty acids, such as castor oil, lanolin oil, triisocetyl citrate, C10-18 triglycerides, caprylic / capric triglycerides, coconut oil, mineral oil, almond oil, apricot kernel oil, avocado oil, babassu oil, evening primrose oil, cinnamon seed oil, grapeseed oil, macadamia nut oil, corn oil, meadowfoam seed oil, mink oil, olive oil, palm kernel oil, safflower oil, sesame oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, wheat germ oil, and camellia seed oil. Furthermore, suitable oils are mainly glyceryl esters (excluding fats and oils which are glyceryl esters of fatty acids) which are monoglycerides, diglycerides, and triglycerides of fatty acids modified by reaction with other alcohols. Examples include acetylated castor oil, glyceryl stearate, glyceryl dioleate, glyceryl distearate, glyceryl trioctanoate, glyceryl distearate, glyceryl linoleate, glyceryl myristate, glyceryl isostearate, PEG castor oil, PEG glyceryl oleate, PEG glyceryl stearate, and PEG glyceryl tallowate. Suitable organic oils include non-volatile hydrocarbons such as isoparaffin, hydrogenated polyisobutene, mineral oil, and squalene. In addition, suitable oils include various lanolin derivatives such as acetylated lanolin and acetylated lanolin alcohol, and various fluorinated oils such as fluorogerbate esters and perfluoropolyethers. Other suitable oils include sorbitan derivatives such as PEG sorbitan beeswax, PEG sorbitan isostearate, PEG sorbitan lanolate, PEG sorbitan laurate, PEG sorbitan oleate, PEG sorbitan palmitate, PEG sorbitan stearate, polysorbate, sorbitan oleate triester, sorbitan sesquioleate, sorbitan stearate, and sorbitan stearate triester.

[0093] Non-exclusive examples of alcohols include isostearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, octyldodecanol, octyl alcohol, decyl alcohol, arachidyl alcohol, hexyldecanol, chymyl alcohol, β-glucan, cholesterol, sitosterol, dihydrocholesterol, stearyl alcohol, cetanol, cetostearyl alcohol, phytosterol, hexyldecanol, behenyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, lanolin alcohol, myristyl alcohol, erythritol, glycerol, xylitol, diglycerol, dipropylene glycol, and sorbitan. Examples of mucopolysaccharides include tol, trehalose, 1,3-butylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,2-pentanediol, polyethylene glycol, polyoxyethylene glycerol, polypropylene, polyoxypropylene glyceryl ether, polyoxypropylene diglyceryl ether, polyoxypropylene butyl ether, polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene butyl ether, polyoxyethylene methyl glucoside, polyglycerol, maltitol, mannitol, sodium hyaluronate, acetylated sodium hyaluronate, and sodium chondroitin sulfate.

[0094] Preferably, the liquid component is selected from the group consisting of soybean methyl ester, rapeseed oil methyl ester, methyl taloate, methyl oleate, butyl stearate, butyl oleate, 2-ethylhexyl oleate, ethylhexyl palmitate, ethylhexyl stearate, ethylhexyl cocoate, isotridecyl stearate, isodecyl neopentanoate, tridecyl neopentanoate, octyldodecyl stearoyl stearate, castor oil, polyhydroxystearic acid, and C12-15 alkyl benzoate.

[0095] In some embodiments, the appropriate range of the liquid component of the dispersant composition is, based on the total weight of the dispersant composition, about 0.1% to about 1% by weight, about 1% to about 2.5% by weight, about 2.5% to about 5% by weight, about 5% to about 10% by weight, about 10% to about 15% by weight, about 15% to about 20% by weight, about 20% to about 25% by weight, about 25% to about 30% by weight, and about 30% to about 35% by weight. It can vary within the range of 1% by weight, approximately 35% to 40% by weight, approximately 40% to 45% by weight, approximately 45% to 50% by weight, approximately 50% to 55% by weight, approximately 55% to 60% by weight, approximately 60% to 65% by weight, approximately 65% ​​to 70% by weight, approximately 70% to 75% by weight, approximately 75% to 80% by weight, approximately 80% to 85% by weight, or approximately 85% to 90% by weight.

[0096] Therefore, the liquid component is present in an amount of approximately 2% to 90% by weight of the total dispersant.

[0097] Therefore, it can be seen that dispersant compositions are applicable to agricultural compositions, biocides, cleaning compositions, coating compositions, cosmetic compositions, building compositions, disinfectant compositions, energy compositions, food compositions, hair care compositions, household compositions, industrial and commercial compositions, laundry compositions, nutritional supplement compositions, oral care compositions, pharmaceutical compositions, preservative compositions, skin care compositions, and textile compositions.

[0098] Therefore, the dispersant compositions include personal care compositions, industrial coating compositions, food coating compositions, pharmaceutical coating compositions, and agricultural coating compositions.

[0099] Therefore, the dispersant composition is used in lacquer coatings, primer coatings, inkjet printing, top coatings, varnish coatings, architectural coatings, wood coatings, printing inks, or metal or non-metal coatings.

[0100] Therefore, the dispersant composition is coated onto a substrate selected from the group consisting of porous and non-porous substrates, paper, nonwoven materials, fibers, leather, wood, concrete, stone, metals, nonmetals, house wrap, building materials, glass fibers, polymer products, face masks, medical drapes and gowns, carpets, upholstery, tents, awnings, airbags, fabrics, ceramics, yarns and blends, woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, natural, synthetic and recycled substrates.

[0101] In other important embodiments, the dispersant is selected from the following set of structures. [ka]

[0102] The dispersant composition further comprises at least one functional component selected from personal care agents, coating agents, food coating agents, pharmaceutical tablet coating agents, and agricultural coating agents. Preferably, the dispersant composition is a personal care composition, a coating composition, a food coating composition, a pharmaceutical coating composition, and an agricultural coating composition.

[0103] In some embodiments, a suitable range of the functional component in this application is about 0.1% to about 1% by weight, or about 1% to about 2.5% by weight, or about 2.5% to about 5% by weight, or about 5% to about 10% by weight, or about 10% to about 15% by weight, or about 15% to about 20% by weight, or about 20% to about 25% by weight, or about 25% to about 30% by weight, or about 30% to about 35% by weight, relative to the total weight of the dispersant composition. It may be %, or approximately 35% to 40% by weight, or approximately 40% to 45% by weight, or approximately 45% to 50% by weight, or approximately 50% to 55% by weight, or approximately 55% to 60% by weight, or approximately 60% to 65% by weight, or approximately 65% ​​to 70% by weight, or approximately 70% to 75% by weight, or approximately 75% to 80% by weight, or approximately 80% to 85% by weight, or approximately 85% to 90% by weight.

[0104] Personal care dispersant compositions may be formulations selected from the group consisting of sprays, lotions, mousses, fluids, serums, solutions, suspensions, perms, emulsions, gels, mists, vesicles, dispersions, pastes, creams, solid sticks, shampoos, balms, wipes, milks, foams, jellies, liquids, foundations, long-wear intense lipsticks, clay masks, volume curl mascaras, carbon black mascaras, pressed powders, blushes, lip glosses, eyeshadows, and SPF fluid shakes.

[0105] In other embodiments, the present application provides a coating dispersant composition comprising (i) at least one dispersant comprising a reaction product of (a) a maleated natural oil having a maleated functional group and (b) a functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of hydrophobic moieties, hydrophilic moieties and combinations thereof, and (ii) at least one solid particle component.

[0106] Therefore, the composition further optionally comprises at least one liquid component selected from oils, esters, alcohols, and glycols. Furthermore, the dispersant is a reaction product of (i) maleated soybean oil, (ii) octyldodecyl alcohol, and (iii) glycerol.

[0107] Therefore, the solid particle components are selected from the group consisting of graphite, barium sulfate, metal oxides, carbon black, calcium silicate, calcium carbonate, clay, hydrated aluminum oxide, indigo, kaolin, silica, talc, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide-isopropyl titanium triisostearate, zinc phthalocyanine, and mixtures thereof.

[0108] Therefore, the coating dispersant composition can be used in architectural coatings, metal coatings, marine coatings, paints, decorative paints, interior paints, exterior paints, nonwoven fabric coatings, ceramic coatings, anticorrosion coatings, flame retardant coatings, glass coatings, protective coatings, powder coatings, wood coatings, industrial coatings, antifouling coatings, antibacterial coatings, heat insulating coatings, water-based coatings, and solvent-based coatings.

[0109] Agricultural dispersant compositions can be used in fertilizers, as well as in pesticides selected from the group consisting of rodenticides, acaricides, algicidal agents, mollusk repellents, mite repellents, bird repellents, insecticides, herbicides, ovicidal agents, disinfectants, fungicides, antibiotics, antibacterial agents, antiviral agents, antifungal agents, antiprotozoal agents, anthelmintic agents, and antimicrobial compounds.

[0110] In other embodiments, the present application provides a dispersant composition comprising (A) 10 to 90% by weight of at least one dispersant, (i) 0.1 to 10% by weight of a reaction product comprising (a) a maleized natural oil comprising a maleated functional group, and (b) a functionalized or non-functionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of a hydrophobic moiety, a hydrophilic moiety, and a combination thereof, in a reaction product of 0.1 to 10% by weight of the dispersant, and (B) 2 to 70% by weight of at least one solid particulate component.

[0111] In other embodiments, the present invention provides compositions comprising (a) maleated natural oil, (b) a functionalized or unfunctionalized hydrophobic moiety, and (c) a reaction product with a glycerol moiety.

[0112] In one non-limiting embodiment, the reaction product comprises an unreacted maleated functional group, or a maleated functional group functionalized with a hydrophobic moiety, a hydrophilic moiety, or a combination thereof.

[0113] The preferred list of the present invention described above with respect to "(a) a maleated natural oil having a maleated functional group, and (b) a reaction product of a functionalized or unfunctionalized portion selected from the group consisting of hydrophobic portions, hydrophilic portions, and combinations thereof," also applies to this aspect of the present invention.

[0114] Preferably, the hydrophobic portion is approximately C6 to approximately C 36 Alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, and aryl alcohols containing atoms, potentially having heteroatoms or not, unsubstituted or substituted. 36 The hydrophobic moiety is selected from the group consisting of unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, arylamine, silicon-based compounds, and combinations thereof, which may or may not contain heteroatoms. Preferably, the hydrophobic moiety is an alcohol selected from the group consisting of heptanol, nonanol, decanol, dodecanol, phenol, ethylbenzyl alcohol, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 1-octanol, 2-octanol, 2-octyl-1-dodecyl alcohol, 2-tetradecanol, 2-hexadecanol, 3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol, 2-propyl-1-pentanol, 4-methyl-1-pentanol, and mixtures thereof. Preferably, the hydrophobic portion is an amine selected from the group consisting of benzylamine, cyclohexylamine, hexylamine, methylhexylamine, phenethylamine, octylamine, oleylamine, decylamine, dodecylamine, octadecylamine, undecylamine, pentadecylamine, 2-methylbutylamine, dimethylamine, and mixtures thereof.

[0115] Preferably, the silicon-based compound is a hydrophobic compound selected from the group consisting of aminopropylmethylsiloxane-dimethylsiloxane, N-ethylaminoisobutyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, poly(1,1-dimethylsilazane) telomer, aminopropyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, monoaminopropyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, (tetramethylpiperidinyloxy)propylmethylsiloxane-dimethylsiloxane copolymer, polydimethylsiloxane, carbinol(hydroxyl)-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, monocarbinol-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, monocarbinol-terminated functionalized polydimethylsiloxane, [bis(hydroxyethyl)amine]-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, silanol-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, silanol-terminated polydiphenylsiloxane, dodecylmethylsiloxane-hydroxypolyalkyleneoxypropylmethylsiloxane, and mixtures thereof.

[0116] Preferably, the maleated natural oil is selected from the group consisting of maleated avocado oil, maleated coconut oil, maleated corn oil, maleated cottonseed oil, maleated jojoba oil, maleated linseed oil, maleated nut oil, maleated olive oil, maleated palm oil, maleated raisin oil, maleated rapeseed oil, maleated safflower oil, maleated sesame oil, maleated soybean oil, maleated pumpkin oil, maleated sunflower oil, maleated almond oil, maleated canola oil, maleated linseed oil, maleated grapeseed oil, maleated palm oil, maleated palm kernel oil, maleated peanut oil, maleated walnut oil, and mixtures thereof. More preferably, the maleated natural oil is maleated soybean oil.

[0117] Preferably, the dispersant composition is selected from the group consisting of skincare compositions, oral care compositions, haircare compositions, energy compositions, building compositions, antibacterial compositions, preservative compositions, nutritional supplement compositions, food compositions, agricultural compositions, coating compositions, cosmetic compositions, home care compositions, industrial and commercial compositions, textile compositions, laundry compositions, cleaning compositions, and disinfectant compositions.

[0118] A suitable dispersant composition is selected from the group of compounds represented by the structures shown below. [ka]

[0119] In other important embodiments, the application provides a dispersant composition comprising (A)(a) a maleated natural oil and (b) a functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of a hydrophobic moiety, a hydrophilic moiety, and a combination thereof, provided that the hydrophilic moiety is not a glycerol moiety, and (B)(a) a functional component.

[0120] The preferred list given above with respect to “(a) maleized natural oil and (b) a dispersant composition comprising a reaction product of a hydrophobic moiety, a hydrophilic moiety, and a combination thereof selected from the group” also applies to this embodiment of the present invention.

[0121] The dispersant composition may be selected from the group consisting of skincare compositions, oral care compositions, haircare compositions, energy compositions, building compositions, biocidal compositions, preservative compositions, nutritional supplement compositions, food compositions, agricultural compositions, coating compositions, cosmetic compositions, home care compositions, industrial and commercial compositions, textile compositions, laundry compositions, cleaning compositions, and disinfectant compositions.

[0122] In yet another aspect, the present invention provides a dispersant composition comprising (A)(a) maleized natural oil, (b) a functionalized or unfunctionalized hydrophobic moiety, (c) a glycerol moiety, and (B) a functional component.

[0123] The preferred list of "dispersant compositions comprising (A) maleized natural oil, (b) a functionalized or non-functionalized hydrophobic moiety, (c) a reaction product of a glycerol moiety, and (B) a functional component" described above also applies to this embodiment of the present invention.

[0124] The dispersant composition is selected from the group consisting of skincare compositions, oral care compositions, haircare compositions, energy compositions, building compositions, biocidal compositions, preservative compositions, nutritional supplement compositions, food compositions, agricultural compositions, coating compositions, cosmetic care compositions, home care compositions, industrial and commercial compositions, textile compositions, laundry compositions, cleaning compositions, and disinfectant compositions.

[0125] A suitable dispersant composition comprises a dispersant selected from the group of structures represented by the following structural formulas. [ka]

[0126] In yet another aspect, the present invention provides a personal care composition comprising (A)(a) a maleated natural oil having a maleated functional group, (b) a reaction product of a hydrophobic or non-functionalized portion selected from the group consisting of a hydrophobic portion, a hydrophilic portion, and a combination thereof, provided that the hydrophilic portion is not a glycerol portion, and (B)(a) a functional component for personal care.

[0127] The preferred list described in the present invention with respect to "(a) maleized natural oil and (b) a reaction product of a hydrophobic portion, a hydrophilic portion, and a combination thereof selected from the group consisting of hydrophobic portions, hydrophilic portions, and combinations thereof, provided that the hydrophilic portion is not a glycerol portion," as described above, also applies to this aspect of the present invention.

[0128] This composition may be present in an amount of approximately 0.01% to approximately 10%, and (B) may be present in an amount of approximately 90% to approximately 99.99%.

[0129] Functional ingredients for personal care may be selected from the group consisting of colorants, hair care agents, skin care agents, and sun care agents.

[0130] In yet another aspect, the present invention provides a personal care composition comprising (A)(a) a maleated natural oil having a maleated functional group, (b) a reaction product of a functionalized or unfunctionalized hydrophobic moiety and (c) a glycerol moiety, and (B) a functional component.

[0131] The preferred list described in the present invention with respect to the above-mentioned "(A)(a) a maleized natural oil comprising a natural oil having a maleated functional group, (b) a functionalized or unfunctionalized hydrophobic moiety, (c) a glycerol moiety, and (B) a functional component" also applies to this aspect of the present invention.

[0132] This composition may contain (A) in an amount of approximately 0.01% to approximately 10%, and (B) in an amount of approximately 90% to approximately 99.99%.

[0133] Functional ingredients for personal care may be selected from the group consisting of colorants, hair care agents, skin care agents, and sun care agents.

[0134] Personal care compositions may be formulations selected from the group consisting of sprays, lotions, mousses, fluids, serums, solutions, suspensions, perms, emulsions, gels, mists, vesicles, dispersions, pastes, creams, solid sticks, shampoos, balms, wipes, milks, foams, jellies, and liquids.

[0135] In another embodiment, the present application provides a dispersant composition for personal care, the composition comprising (i) at least one dispersant comprising a reaction product of (a) a maleated natural oil having a maleated functional group and (b) a functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of a hydrophobic moiety, a hydrophilic moiety, and a combination thereof, and (ii) at least one solid particle component.

[0136] In yet another aspect, the present application provides a skincare composition comprising (A) a reaction product comprising (a) a maleated natural oil having a maleated functional group and (b) a functionalized or non-functionalized portion selected from the group consisting of a hydrophobic portion, a hydrophilic portion, and a combination thereof, provided that the hydrophilic portion is not a glycerol portion, and (B) a dispersant composition comprising (a) a functional ingredient for skincare.

[0137] The preferred list described in this application with respect to “(a) maleized natural oil and (b) a dispersant composition comprising a reaction product of a hydrophobic moiety, a hydrophilic moiety, and a combination thereof” as described above also applies to this aspect of the present invention.

[0138] This composition may contain (A) in an amount of approximately 0.01% to approximately 10% and (B) in an amount of approximately 90% to approximately 99.99%.

[0139] Functional ingredients for skincare may be selected from the group consisting of colorants, hair care agents, skincare agents, and sun care agents.

[0140] In yet another aspect, the present invention provides a skincare composition comprising (A) a maleated natural oil having a maleated functional group, (b) a functionalized or unfunctionalized hydrophobic moiety, (c) a reaction product with glycerol, and (B) a functional ingredient for skincare.

[0141] The preferred list described in the present invention with respect to the above-mentioned "(A) a maleized natural oil comprising a natural oil having a maleated functional group, (b) a functionalized or unfunctionalized hydrophobic moiety, (c) a glycerol moiety, and (B) a functional component, is also applicable to this aspect of the present invention.

[0142] This composition may contain (A) in an amount of approximately 0.01% to approximately 10%, and (B) in an amount of approximately 90% to approximately 99.99%.

[0143] Preferably, the functional ingredient for skincare is selected from the group consisting of colorants, haircare agents, skincare agents, and sunscreen agents.

[0144] In another embodiment, the present application provides a dispersant composition for color cosmetics, the composition comprising (i) at least one dispersant comprising a reaction product of (a) a maleated natural oil having a maleated functional group and (b) a functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of a hydrophobic moiety, a hydrophilic moiety, and a combination thereof, and (ii) at least one solid particle component.

[0145] Preferably, the functional ingredient for skincare is a formulation selected from the group consisting of sprays, lotions, mousses, fluids, serums, solutions, suspensions, perms, emulsions, gels, mists, vesicles, dispersions, pastes, creams, solid sticks, shampoos, balms, wipes, milks, foams, jellies, and liquids.

[0146] In yet another embodiment, the present application provides a composition comprising (a) a maleated natural oil having a maleated functional group and (b) a reaction product of two functionalized or non-functionalized hydrophilic moieties.

[0147] In yet another embodiment, the present application provides a composition comprising (A) a maleated natural oil having a maleated functional group, (b) a reaction product of two functionalized or non-functionalized hydrophilic moieties, and (B) a functional component.

[0148] In one non-limiting embodiment, the hydrophobic hydrocarbon alcohol is C2-C 36 It contains carbon atoms and can be linear, branched, saturated, unsaturated, aliphatic, aromatic, monofunctional, or polyfunctional.

[0149] In one non-limiting embodiment, the hydrocarbon alcohol is selected from the group consisting of monohydric alcohols, dihydric alcohols, polyhydric alcohols, and combinations thereof.

[0150] In one non-limiting embodiment, the hydrocarbon amine is selected from the group consisting of primary amines, secondary amines, and combinations thereof.

[0151] Hydrocarpyramines are classified as primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols based on the number of carbon atoms bonded to the carbon atom containing the hydroxyl group. Each classification of alcohol may have a general formula. For example, the general formula for a primary amine is: [ka] The general formula for secondary amines is, [ka] And, Here, R and R' represent hydrogen, and different alkyl, alkylene, aryl, aralkyl, allylene, and heteroatom groups.

[0152] In one non-limiting embodiment, the hydrophobic portion contains carbon atoms from C2 to C36 and is linear, branched, saturated, unsaturated, aliphatic, aromatic, monofunctional, or polyfunctional.

[0153] In one non-limiting embodiment, the silicon-based compound is: [ka] Here, R represents a different alkyl, alkylene, aryl, aralkyl, allylene, or heterogroup functionalized with at least one alcohol, amine, or combination thereof, and n has a value of 1 to 10.

[0154] In one non-limiting embodiment, the silicon-based compound is a siloxane, or a silane functionalized with an alcohol, an amine, or a combination thereof.

[0155] In one non-limiting embodiment, the silicon-based compound is a linear, branched, saturated, unsaturated, aliphatic, aromatic, monofunctional, or polyfunctional compound.

[0156] In one non-limiting embodiment, the hydrocarbon alcohol is selected from the group consisting of monohydric alcohols, dihydric alcohols, polyhydric alcohols, and combinations thereof.

[0157] In one non-limiting embodiment, the hydrocarbon alcohol is a hydrophobic alcohol selected from the group consisting of propanol, butanol, pentanol, heptanol, nonanol, decanol, dodecanol, phenol, ethylbenzyl alcohol, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 1-octanol, 2-octanol, 2-octyl-1-dodecyl alcohol, 2-tetradecanol, 2-hexadecanol, 3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol, 2-propyl-1-pentanol, 4-methyl-1-pentanol, and mixtures thereof.

[0158] In one non-limiting embodiment, hydrocarbon alcohols include methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, dibutylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, methoxypolyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, hexylene glycol, glycerol, sorbitol, octanol, methylethylpentanol, trimethylpentanol, ethylhexanol, methylheptanol, nonanol, methyloctanol, ethylheptanol, methylethylhexanol, cyclohexanol, and dimethyl The hydrophilic alcohol is selected from the group consisting of tilheptanol, decanol, methylnonanol, ethyloctanol, trimethylheptanol, undecanol, methyldecanol, ethylnonanol, dodecanol, tetradecanol, hexadecanol, octadecanol, benzyl alcohol, phenoxyethanol, neopentyl glycol, trimethylolpropane, methyldiethanolamine, erythritol, mannitol, xylitol, pentaerythritol, sreitol, pentaerythritol, β-cyclodextrin, L-ribose, 2-deoxy-D-galactose, and mixtures thereof.

[0159] In one non-limiting embodiment, the hydrocarbonamine is a hydrophobic amine selected from the group consisting of benzylamine, cyclohexylamine, hexylamine, methylhexylamine, phenethylamine, octylamine, oleylamine, decylamine, dodecylamine, octadecylamine, undecylamine, pentadecylamine, 2-methylbutylamine, dimethylamine, and mixtures thereof.

[0160] In one non-limiting embodiment, the hydrocarbonamine is a hydrophilic amine selected from the group consisting of 2-methylpentane-1,5-diamine, diethanolamine, diisopropanolamine, selinol hydrochloride, 2-amino-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol, N-methyl-D-glucosamine, D-galactosamine hydrochloride, D-glucosamine hydrochloride, D-mannosamine hydrochloride, and mixtures thereof.

[0161] In one non-limiting embodiment, the silicon-based compound is a hydrophobic compound selected from the group consisting of aminopropylmethylsiloxane-dimethylsiloxane, N-ethylaminoisobutyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, poly(1,1-dimethylsilazane) telomer, aminopropyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, monoaminopropyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, (tetramethylpiperidinyloxy)propylmethylsiloxane-dimethylsiloxane copolymer, polydimethylsiloxane, carbinol(hydroxyl)-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, monocarbinol-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, monocarbinol-terminated functionalized polydimethylsiloxane, [bis(hydroxyethyl)amine]-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, silanol-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, silanol-terminated polydiphenylsiloxane, dodecylmethylsiloxane-hydroxypolyalkyleneoxypropylmethylsiloxane, and mixtures thereof. [ka]

[0162] In one non-limiting embodiment, the silicon compound is a hydrophilic compound selected from the group consisting of 3-aminopropylsilanetriol, N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropylsilanetriol, and mixtures thereof. [ka]

[0163] In one non-limiting embodiment, the maleated natural oil is selected from the group consisting of maleated avocado oil, maleated coconut oil, maleated corn oil, maleated cottonseed oil, maleated jojoba oil, maleated linseed oil, maleated nut oil, maleated olive oil, maleated palm oil, maleated raisin oil, maleated rapeseed oil, maleated safflower oil, maleated sesame oil, maleated soybean oil, maleated pumpkin oil, maleated sunflower oil, maleated almond oil, maleated canola oil, maleated linseed oil, maleated grapeseed oil, maleated palm oil, maleated palm kernel oil, maleated peanut oil, and maleated walnut oil.

[0164] In other important embodiments, the application provides (i) at least one dispersant comprising a reaction product of (a) maleized natural oil and (b) a functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of hydrophobic moieties, hydrophilic moieties, and combinations thereof, and (ii) a coating dispersant composition comprising at least one solid particulate component.

[0165] The preferred list described in the present invention with respect to the “(a) maleized natural oil and (b) a dispersant composition comprising a reaction product of a hydrophobic moiety, a hydrophilic moiety, and a combination thereof” described above also applies to this aspect of the present invention.

[0166] In one non-limiting embodiment, the composition further optionally comprises at least one liquid component selected from oils, esters, alcohols, and glycols.

[0167] In other non-limiting embodiments, the dispersant is the reaction product of (i) maleated soybean oil, (ii) octyldodecyl alcohol, and (iii) glycerol.

[0168] The coating dispersant composition can be used in architectural coatings, metal coatings, marine coatings, paints, decorative paints, interior paints, exterior paints, nonwoven fabric coatings, ceramic coatings, corrosion-resistant coatings, flame-retardant coatings, glass coatings, protective coatings, powder coatings, wood coatings, industrial coatings, antifouling coatings, heat-insulating coatings, water-based coatings, and solvent-based coatings.

[0169] In other important embodiments, the application provides (i) at least one dispersant comprising a reaction product of a maleated natural oil comprising (a) a natural oil having a maleated functional group and (b) a functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of a hydrophobic moiety, a hydrophilic moiety, and a combination thereof, and (ii) a personal care dispersant composition comprising at least one solid particulate component.

[0170] The preferred list described in the present invention with respect to the “(a) maleized natural oil and (b) a dispersant composition comprising a reaction product of a hydrophobic moiety, a hydrophilic moiety, and a combination thereof” described above also applies to this aspect of the present invention.

[0171] Preferably, the composition further optionally comprises at least one liquid component selected from oils, esters, alcohols, and glycols. The dispersant is a reaction product of (i) maleized soybean oil, (ii) octyldodecyl alcohol, and (iii) glycerol.

[0172] The dispersant composition for personal care may be an emulsion selected from oil-in-water emulsions and water-in-oil emulsions.

[0173] In other embodiments of this application, it is envisioned that at least one personal care functional ingredient selected from the group consisting of surfactants, water-insoluble components, oxidizing agents, conditioning agents, humectants, pH-adjusting buffers, waxes, mineral oils, emulsifiers, fatty substances, gelling agents, thickeners, emollients, hydrophilic or lipophilic surfactants, antioxidants, chelating agents, preservatives, acidifying or basifying agents, fragrances, fillers, colorants, plant extracts, humectants, proteins, peptides, neutralizing agents, solvents, anti-dandruff components, reducing agents, and combinations thereof may be used.

[0174] In some embodiments, a suitable range of the personal care component in this application is about 0.1% to about 1% by weight, or about 1% to about 2.5% by weight, or about 2.5% to about 5% by weight, or about 5% to about 10% by weight, or about 10% to about 15% by weight, or about 15% to about 20% by weight, or about 20% to about 25% by weight, or about 25% to about 30% by weight, or about 30% to about 35% by weight, relative to the total weight of the dispersant composition. It can vary by a certain amount, or by approximately 35% to 40% by weight, or approximately 40% to 45% by weight, or approximately 45% to 50% by weight, or approximately 50% to 55% by weight, or approximately 55% to 60% by weight, or approximately 60% to 65% by weight, or approximately 65% ​​to 70% by weight, or approximately 70% to 75% by weight, or approximately 75% to 80% by weight, or approximately 80% to 85% by weight, or approximately 85% to 90% by weight.

[0175] Preferably, the personal care composition is a cosmetic care composition that is particularly applicable to the skin, nails, and hair.

[0176] In one embodiment of this application, a sun care or skin care composition is prepared using a surfactant system comprising at least one primary surfactant, an auxiliary surfactant, or at least one primary surfactant and at least one auxiliary surfactant, wherein the primary surfactant, auxiliary surfactant, or surfactant system may be selected from the group consisting of anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, and amphiphilic surfactants. The range of the surfactant may be 0.1% to 20% by weight of the total weight of the composition. Other ranges of the surfactant are 0.1% to 5% by weight, 5% to 10% by weight, 10% to 15% by weight, or 15% to 20% by weight. The surfactants assumed to be used herein are as follows:

[0177] (A) Anionic surfactants: Anionic surfactants are particularly useful in certain embodiments of this application. Anionic surfactants that may be used include: (1) Sulfonates and sulfates: Suitable anionic surfactants include alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl sulfonates, alkyl ether sulfonates, alkylbenzene sulfonates, alkylbenzene ether sulfates, alkyl sulfoacetates, secondary alkanesulfonates, secondary alkyl sulfates, alkyl sulfosuccinates, etc. Furthermore, examples of anionic surfactants include water-soluble higher fatty acid monoglyceride monosulfates such as sodium salts of monosulfated monoglycerides of hydrogenated coconut oil fatty acids, higher alkyl sulfates such as sodium lauryl sulfate, alkylaryl sulfonates such as sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, higher alkyl sulfoacetates, higher fatty acid esters of 1,2-dihydroxypropanesulfonic acid, and lower aliphatic aminocarboxylic acid compounds of fatty acids, substantially saturated higher aliphatic acylamides having 12 to 16 carbon atoms in the alkyl or acyl group. (2) Phosphates and phosphonates: Suitable anionic surfactants include alkyl phosphates, alkyl ether phosphates, aralkyl phosphates, and aralkyl ether phosphates. Examples include a mixture of mono-, di-, and tri-(alkyltetraglycol ether)-o-phosphates commonly referred to as trilaureth-4-phosphate (product name HOSTAPHAT 340KL, Clariant Corp), and PPG-5 ceteth-10 phosphate (product name CRODAPHOS SG, Croda Inc., Parsippany, New Jersey). (3) Amine oxides: Suitable anionic surfactants also include amine oxides. Examples of amine oxide surfactants include lauryldimethylamine oxide, laurylamidopropyldimethylamine oxide, and cetylamine oxide. (B) Amphoteric surfactants: Amphoteric surfactants include those having a tertiary amine group that can be protonated, and amphoteric surfactants containing a quaternary amine. The following are examples of potentially useful ones. (1) Ammonium carboxylate type amphoteric surfactants: Examples of this type of amphoteric surfactant include certain betaines such as cocobetaine and cocamidopropyl betaine, monoacetates such as sodium lauroamphoacetate, diacetates such as disodium lauroamphoacetate, and amino- and alkylamino-propionates such as lauraminopropionic acid. (2) Ammonium sulfonic acid type amphoteric surfactants: This type of amphoteric surfactant is also called "sultaine" or "sulfobetaine," and an example is cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine. (C) Nonionic surfactants: Among nonionic surfactants, particularly useful are (1) polyethylene oxide-added sorbitan monoalkylates (polysorbates), (2) polyalkoxylated alkanols, (3) polyethoxylated alkylphenols, which have an HLB value of about 14 or higher and are commercially available under the trade names ICONOL and TRITON, (4) Polaxamer (surfactants based on block copolymers of ethylene oxide (EO) and propylene oxide (PO) may be effective. Both EO-PO-EO blocks and PO-EO-PO blocks are expected to function well as long as the HLB is at least about 14, preferably at least about 16. Such surfactants are commercially available from BASF under the trademarks PLURONIC and TETRONIC, (5) polyalkoxylated esters - Polyalkoxylated glycols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and glycerol can be partially or completely esterified, i.e., one or more alcohols can be esterified with (C8-C22) alkylcarboxylic acids. Such polyethoxylated esters with an HLB of about 14 or more, preferably about 16 or more, can be suitably used in the compositions of the present invention. (6) Alkyl polyglucoside - This is Glucopon 425, having an alkyl chain length of C8-C16. (D) Cationic surfactants: Useful cationic surfactants include primary amines, secondary amines, tertiary amines, quaternary amines, alkanolamines, monoalkyl alkanolamines, dialkyl alkanolamines, trialkyl alkanolamines, alkyl monoalkanoalkanolamines, alkyl dialkanolamines, alkylamines, monoalkylamines, dialkylamines, trialkylamines, alkoxylated amines, alkyl and arylamine alkoxylates, methoxylated alkylamines, ethoxylated alkylamines, alkoxylated alkanolamines, alkyl alkanolamines, alkoxylated ethylenediamine derivatives, alkyl / aryl / arylalkylamine oxides, etc. Preferred cationic surfactants in the present invention include (a) alkyl alkanolamines and (b) alkyl tertiary amines. Additional information regarding cationic surfactants useful for the purposes of the present invention is provided in McCutcheon's Detergents and Emulsifiers, North American, 1982, and Kirk-Othmer, Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 3rd Ed., Vol. 22, pp. 346-387, which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0178] Suitable emollients used herein include, for example, C8-C8 substituted with hydroxyl groups as needed. 50 Unsaturated fatty acids and their esters, isopropyl myristate, cetyl palmitate, octyldodecyl myristate (Wickenol 142), etc. C8-C 30 Saturated fatty acids C1-C 24Saturated and unsaturated fatty alcohols such as esters, beeswax, behenyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, hydrocarbons such as mineral oil, petrolatum, and squalane, fatty acid sorbitan esters, lanolin and lanolin derivatives such as lanolin alcohol ethoxylate, hydroxylated lanolin, and acetylated lanolin, cholesterol and its derivatives, animal and vegetable triglycerides such as almond oil, peanut oil, wheat germ oil, flaxseed oil, jojoba oil, apricot kernel oil, walnut oil, palm nut oil, pistachio nut oil, sesame oil, rapeseed oil, cadmium oil, corn oil, peach pit oil, poppy seed oil, pine oil, castor oil, soybean oil, avocado oil, safflower oil, coconut oil, hazelnut oil, olive oil, grapeseed oil, and sunflower seed oil, and C1-C12 triglycerides such as diisopropyl dimerate, diisostearyl malate, diisostearyl dimerate, and triisostearyl trimerate. 24 It contains esters of dimer and trimer acids.

[0179] Suitable emollients used herein include isocetyl alcohol, octyl palmitate, isostearyl neopentanoate, isocetyl stearyl stearic acid, mineral oil, vegetable oil, animal oil, fats and waxes, fatty acid esters, fatty alcohols, ethers and esters of alkylene glycols and polyalkylene glycols, fatty acids, and mixtures thereof.

[0180] Preferred emollients are selected from hydrocarbons such as isohexadecane, mineral oil, petrolatum, squalene, lanolin alcohol, and stearyl alcohol. These emollients may be used alone or in combination and may be contained in the composition of the present invention in an amount of about 1% to about 30%, preferably about 5% to about 15%, of the total composition weight.

[0181] Suitable emulsifiers include classifications of ethers and esters of polyglycols and fatty alcohols, esters of polyglycols and fatty acids, ethers of glycosylated polyglycols and fatty alcohols, esters of glycosylated polyglycols and fatty acids, ethers of C12-30 alcohols and glycerol or polyglycerol, esters of C12-30 fatty acids and glycerol or polyglycerol, ethers of oxyalkylene-modified C12-30 alcohols and glycerol or polyglycerol, ethers of C12-30 fatty alcohols and sucrose or glucose, esters of sucrose and C12-30 fatty acids, esters of pentaerythritol and C12-30 fatty acids, esters of sorbitol and / or sorbitan and C12-30 fatty acids, ethers of sorbitol and / or sorbitan and alkoxylated sorbitan, ethers of polyglycols and cholesterol, esters of C12-30 fatty acids and alkoxylated sorbitol and / or sorbitan, and combinations thereof. Linear or branched silicone emulsifiers may also be used. Particularly useful polyether-modified silicones include Shin-Etsu Chemical's KF-6011, KF-6012, KF-6013, KF-6015, KF-6017, KF-6043, KF-6028, and KF-6038. Polyglycerol-modified linear or branched siloxane emulsifiers such as Shin-Etsu Chemical's KF-6100, KF-6104, and KF-6105 are also particularly useful. Emulsifiers also include glyceryl stearic acid and laureth-23, PEG-20 stearic acid, minkamidopropyl dimethyl-2-hydroxyethylammonium chloride, and emulsifying silicone elastomers. A suitable emulsifying silicone elastomer may contain at least one polyalkyl ether or polyglycerol-modified unit.

[0182] The humectants used in this application include glycols, glycerols, propylene glycols, diethylene glycol monoethyl ethers, sorbitols, sodium pyroglutamate, glycerols, glycerol derivatives, glycerin, trehaloses, sorbitols, maltitol, dipropylene glycols, 1,3-butylene glycols, sodium hyaluronate, and the like.

[0183] Examples of humectants that can be incorporated into the product of this application include glycerin, propylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, lactic acid, sodium lactate, pyrrolidone carboxylic acid, urea, phospholipids, collagen, elastin, ceramide, lecithin sorbitol, PEG-4, and mixtures thereof. More suitable humectants include water-soluble and / or water-swellable polymeric humectants. Polysaccharides such as hyaluronic acid and chitosan can also be used as binders with the humectants of this application to enhance their properties. The range of humectants is about 0.1% to about 10% by weight.

[0184] The compositions of the present invention may contain a hydrophilic gelling agent at a level of about 0.01% to about 10%, preferably about 0.02% to about 2%, and particularly about 0.02% to about 0.5%. The gelling agent preferably has a viscosity of at least about 4,000 mPa·s, more preferably at least about 10,000 mPa·s, and particularly at least about 50,000 mPa·s (1% aqueous solution, 20°C, Brookfield RVT).

[0185] Suitable hydrophilic gelling agents can generally be water-soluble or colloidal water-soluble polymers, and include cellulose ethers (hydroxyethylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, etc.), polyvinyl alcohol, polyquaternium-10, guar gum, hydroxypropyl guar gum, xanthan gum, and the like.

[0186] Suitable hydrophilic gelling agents include acrylic acid / ethyl acrylic acid copolymers and carboxyvinyl polymers sold under the BF Goodrich trademark Carbopol® resin. These resins consist substantially of colloidal, water-soluble polyalkenyl polyether crosslinked polymers of acrylic acid crosslinked with 0.75% to 2.00% crosslinking agents such as polyaryl sucrose or polyaryl pentaerythritol. Examples include Carbopol 934, Carbopol 940, Carbopol 950, Carbopol 980, Carbopol 951, and Carbopol 981. Carbopol 934 is a water-soluble polymer of acrylic acid crosslinked with approximately 1% polyallyl etherified sucrose, which has an average of approximately 5.8 aryl groups per sucrose molecule. Furthermore, suitable hydrophilic and hydrophobic hydrophobic acrylic acid crosslinked polymers available for use herein include trade names Carbopol 1382, Carbopol 1342, and Pemulen TR-1 (CTFA designation: Acrylates / 10-30 alkyl acrylic acid crosspolymer). Combinations of polyalkenyl polyether crosslinked acrylic acid polymers and hydrophobic hydrophobic crosslinked acrylic acid polymers are also available for use herein. Other suitable gelling agents include oleogels such as trihydroxystearin and aluminum magnesium hydroxystearic acid.

[0187] Non-limiting examples of applicable thickeners and / or viscosity modifiers include: acetamide MEA, acrylamide / ethalconium chloride acrylic acid copolymer, acrylamide / ethyltrimonium chloride acrylic acid / ethalconium chloride acrylic acid copolymer, acrylamide copolymer, acrylamide / sodium acrylate copolymer, acrylamide / acryloyldimethyltaurate sodium copolymer, acrylic acid / acetoacetoxyethyl methacrylic acid copolymer, acrylic acid / beheneth-25 methacrylic acid copolymer, acrylic acid / C10-C30 alkyl acrylic acid crosspolymer, acrylic acid / ceteth-20 itaconic acid copolymer, acrylic acid / ceteth-20 methacrylic acid copolymer, acrylic acid / laureth-25 methacrylic acid copolymer, acrylic acid / palmes-25 acrylic acid copolymer, acrylic acid / palmes-25 itaconic acid copolymer, acrylic acid / steareth-50 acrylic acid copolymer, acrylic acid / steareth-20 itaconic acid copolymer, acrylic acid / steareth-20 methacrylic acid copolymer, acrylic acid / stearyl methacrylic acid copolymer, acrylic acid / vinyl isodeca Noate crosspolymer, acrylic acid / acrylonitrogen copolymer, adipic acid / methyl DEA crosspolymer, agar, agarose, alkaligenes polysaccharide, algin, alginic acid, almondamide DEA, almondamidopropyl betaine, aluminum / magnesium hydroxydostearate, ammonium acrylic acid / acrylonitrogen copolymer, ammonium acrylic acid copolymer, ammonium acryloyldimethyltaurate / vinylformamide copolymer, ammonium acryloyldimethyltaurate / VP copolymer, ammonium Monium alginate, ammonium chloride, ammonium polyacryloyldimethyl taurate, ammonium sulfate, amylopectin, apricotamide DEA, apricotamidopropyl betaine, arachidyl alcohol, arachidyl glycol, Arachis hypogaea (peanut) flour, ascorbyl methylsilanol pectinate, astragalus gummyferum, attapulgite, oat kernel flour, avocadoamide DEA, avocadoamidopropyl betaine, azeramide MEA, babassuamide DEA, babassuamide MEA,Babassuamidopropyl betaine, behenamide DEA, behenamide MEA, behenamidopropyl betaine, behenyl betaine, bentonite, butoxychitosan, Caesalpinia spinosa gum, calcium alginate, calcium carboxymethylcellulose, calcium carrageenan, calcium chloride, calcium potassium carbomer, calcium starch thioctenyl succinate, C, 20 ~ 40Alkyl stearic acid, canolamidopropyl betaine, capramidopropyl DEA, caprylic / capramidopropyl betaine, carbomer, carboxybutyl chitosan, carboxymethylcellulose acetate butyrate, carboxymethyl chitin, carboxymethyl chitosan, carboxymethyl dextran, carboxymethyl hydroxyethylcellulose, carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl guar, carnitine, cellulose acetate propionate carboxylate, cellulose gum, keratonia siliculosa gum, cetearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol Cocamide DEA, Cocamide MEA, Cocamide MIPA, Cocamide Ethyl Betaine, Cocamidopropyl Betaine, Cocobetaine, Cocohydroxysultaine, Cocoa Alcohol, Coco / Oleamidopropyl Betaine, Cocosultaine Cocoyl sarcosinamide DEA, Cocamide / Cocamide DEA, Cocamide DEA, Croscarmellose, Cross-linked Bacillus / Glucose / Sodium Glutamate Ferment, Cluster Bean (Guar) Gum, Decyl Alcohol, Decyl Betaine, Dehydroxanthan Gum, Dextrin, Dibenzylidene Sorbitol, Diethanolaminooleamide DEA, Diglycol / CHDM / Isophthalate / SIP Copolymer, Dihydroabiethyl Behenate, Dihydrogenerated Tarobenzylmonium Hectorite, Dihydroxyaluminum Aminopropyl Alcohol Noacetate, Dimethicone / PEG-10 Crosspolymer, Dimethicone / PEG-15 Crosspolymer, Dimethicone Propyl PG-Betaine, Dimethylacrylamide / Acrylic Acid / Polystyrene Ethyl Methacrylic Acid Copolymer, Dimethylacrylamide / Acryloyldimethyltaurate Sodium Crosspolymer, Disteareth-100 IPDI, DMAPA Acrylic Acid / Acrylic Acid / Acrylonitrogen Copolymer, Ercamidopropyl Hydroxysultaine, Ethylene / Sodium Acrylate Copolymer, Gelatin, Gellan Gum, Glyceryl Alginate,Soybean flour, guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, hectorite, hyaluronic acid, hydrated silica, hydrolyzed potato starch, hydrolyzed taro, hydrolyzed taro amide DEA, hydrolyzed taro betaine, hydroxybutyl methylcellulose, hydroxyethyl acrylic acid / sodium acryloyldimethyl taurate copolymer, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxyethyl chitosan, hydroxyethyl ethylcellulose, hydroxyethyl stearamide-MIPA, hydroxylauryl / hydroxymyristyl betaine, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropyl chitosan, hydroxypropyl ethylenediamine carbomer, hydroxypropyl guar, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose stearoxy ether, hydroxypropyl starch, hydroxypropyl starch phosphate, hydroxypropyl xanthan gum, hydroxystearamide MEA, isobutylene / sodium maleate copolymer, isostearamide DEA, isostearamide MEA, isostearamide MIPA, isostearamidopropyl betaine, lac Tamide MEA, Lanolinamide DEA, Lauramide DEA, Lauramide MEA, Lauramide MIPA, Lauramide / Myristylamide DEA, Lauramidopropyl Betaine, Lauramidopropyl Hydroxysultaine, Lauriminobispropanediol, Lauryl Alcohol, Lauryl Betaine, Lauryl Hydroxysultaine, Lauryl / Myristyl Glycol Hydroxypropyl Ether, Lauryl Sultaine, Lecithinamide DEA, Linoleamide DEA, Linoleamide MEA, Linoleamide MIPA, Lithium Magnesium Silicate, Lithium Magnesium sodium silicate, giant kelp, magnesium alginate, magnesium / aluminum / hydroxy / carbonate, magnesium aluminum silicate, magnesium silicate, magnesium trisilicate, methoxy PEG-22 / dodecyl glycol copolymer, methylcellulose, methylethylcellulose, methylhydroxyethylcellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, milk amidopropyl betaine, minkamide DEA, minkamidepropyl betaine, MIPA-myristate, montmorillonite, Moroccan lava clay,Myristylamide DEA, Myristylamide MEA, Myristylamide MIPA, Myristylamidopropyl Betaine, Myristylamidopropyl Hydroxysultaine, Myristyl Alcohol, Myristyl Betaine, Natto Gum, Nonoxynyl Hydroxyethylcellulose, Oatamide MEA, Oatamidepropyl Betaine, Octacosanyl Glycol Isostearic Acid, Octadecene / MA Copolymer, Oleamide DEA, Oleamide MEA, Oleamide MIPA, Oleamidepropyl Betaine, Oleamidepropyl Hydroxysultaine, Ole Il betaine, olibamide DEA, olibamidopropyl betaine, olive amide MEA, palmamide DEA, palmamide MEA, palmamide MIPA, palmamidopropyl betaine, palmitamide DEA, palmitamide MEA, palmitamidopropyl betaine, palm kernel alcohol, palm kernelamide DEA, palm kernelamide MEA, palm kernelamide MIPA, palm kernelamide propyl betaine, peanut amide MEA, peanut amide MIPA, pectin, PEG-800, PEG-crosspolymer, PEG-150 / Decyl alcohol / SMDI copolymer, PEG-175 diisostearate, PEG-190 distearate, PEG-15 glyceryl tristearate, PEG-140 glyceryl tristearate, PEG-240 / HDI copolymer bis-decyltetradeceth-20 ether, PEG-100 / IPDI copolymer, PEG-180 / laureth-50 / TMMG copolymer, PEG-10 / lauryl dimethicone crosspolymer, PEG-15 / lauryl dimethicone crosspolymer, PEG-2M, PEG-5M, PEG-7M, PEG-9M, PEG- 14M, PEG-20M, PEG-23M, PEG-25M, PEG-45M, PEG-65M, PEG-90M, PEG-115M, PEG-160M, PEG-180M, PEG-120 Methyl Glucose Triolate, PEG-180 / Octoxynol-40 / TMMG Copolymer, PEG-150 Pentaerythrityl Tetrastearate, PEG-4 Lapeseed Amide, PEG-150 / Stearyl Alcohol / SMDI Copolymer, Phthaeolum Angularis Seed Powder, Polyanthes Tuberose Extract, Polyacrylic Acid-3, Polyacrylic Acid,Polycyclopentadiene, Polyether-1, Polyethylene / Isopropyl Maleate / MA Copolyol, Polyglyceryl-3 Disiloxane Dimethicone, Polyglyceryl-3 Polydimethylsiloxyethyl Dimethicone, Polymethacrylic Acid, Polyquaternium-52, Polyvinyl Alcohol, Potassium Alginate, Potassium Aluminum Polyacrylic Acid, Potassium Carbomer, Potassium Carrageenan, Potassium Chloride, Potassium Palmate, Potassium Polyacrylic Acid, Potassium Sulfate, Modified Potato Starch, PPG-2 Cocamide, P PG-1 Hydroxyethyl Caprylamide, PPG-2 Hydroxyethyl Cocamide, PPG-2 Hydroxyethyl Coco / Isostearamide, PPG-3 Hydroxyethyl Soyamide, PPG-14 Laureth-60 Hexyl Dicarbamide, PPG-14 Laureth-60 Isophoryl Dicarbamide, PPG-14 Palmes-60 Hexyl Dicarbamide, Propylene Glycol Alginate, PVP / Decene Copolymer, PVP Montmorillonite, Pyrus Sidonia Seed, Pyrus Mars (Apple) Fiber, Rhizobian Gum, Rice Bran Amide DEA, ricinoleamide DEA, ricinoleamide MEA, ricinoleamide MIPA, ricinoleamidopropyl betaine, ricinoleic acid / adipic acid / AEEA copolymer, rosehip flower wax, sclerotium gum, sesamide DEA, sesamidopropyl betaine, sodium acrylate / acryloyldimethyltaurate sodium copolymer, sodium acrylate / acrolein copolymer, sodium acrylate / acrylonitrogen copolymer, sodium acrylate copolymer, sodium acrylate crosspolymer, sodium acrylate / acrylamidomethylpropanesulfonate sodium copolymer, sodium acrylate / vinyl isodecanoate crosspolymer, sodium acrylate / vinyl alcohol copolymer, sodium carbomer, sodium carboxymethyl chitin, sodium carboxymethyl dextran, sodium carboxymethyl β-glucan, sodium carboxymethyl starch, sodium carrageenan, sodium cellulose sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium cyclodextrin sulfate, Sodium hydroxypropyl starch phosphate, sodium isooctylene / MA copolymer, sodium magnesium fluorosilicate, sodium oleate, sodium palmitate, sodium palm carnelate, sodium polyacrylic acid, sodium polyacrylate starch, sodium polyacryloyldimethyl taurate, sodium polygamma glutamic acid, sodium polymethacrylic acid, sodium polystyrene sulfonic acid, sodium silicoaluminate, sodium starch thioctenyl succinate, sodium stearic acid, sodium stearate, sodium stearoxyl PG-hydroxyethylcellulose sulfonic acid, sodium styrene / acrylic acid copolymer, sodium sulfate, sodium taurate, sodium tauridoacrylate / acrylic acid / acrylonitrogen copolymer, sodium tocopheryl phosphate, potato starch, soyamide DEA, soyamide propyl betaine, starch / acrylic acid / acrylamide copolymer, starch hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, stearamide AMP, stearamide DEA, stearamide DEA-distearate, st Aramid DIBA-stearic acid, stearamide MEA, stearamide MEA-stearic acid, stearamide MIPA, stearamidopropyl betaine, steareth-60 cetyl ether, steareth-100 / PEG-136 / HDI copolymer, stearyl alcohol, stearyl betaine, sterclear urea gum, synthetic fluorophlogopite, taroamide DEA, taro alcohol, taroamide DEA, taroamide MEA, taroamidopropyl betaine, taroamidopropyl hydroxysultaine, taroamine oxide, taro be Taline, taro dihydroxyethyl betaine, tamarind indica seed gum, tapioca starch, TEA-alginic acid, TEA-carbomer, TEA-hydrochloride, trideceth-2 carboxamide MEA, tridecyl alcohol, triethylene glycol dibenzoate, trimethylpentanol hydroxyethyl ether, bread wheat germ flour, bread wheat kernel flour, bread wheat starch, tromethamine acrylic acid / acrylonitrogen copolymer, tromethamine magnesium aluminum silicate, undecyl alcohol,Examples include undecylenamide DEA, undecylenamide MEA, undecylenamidopropyl betaine, gellan gum, wheat germamide DEA, wheat germamidopropyl betaine, xanthan gum, yeast β-glucan, yeast polysaccharide, corn starch, and mixtures thereof.

[0188] Preferred thickeners used herein include crosslinked maleic anhydride-alkylmethyl vinyl ether and its copolymers (marketed as Stabilize® QM (International Specialty Products (ISP))). Carbomer®, natural gums, and highly crosslinked polymethacrylic acid copolymers (such as Microsponges® 5647) are also useful, generally in the form of spherical particles with pore sizes of about 0.01 to 0.05 μm and pore sizes of 200 to 300 μm. 2 It is a crosslinked hydrophobic polymer with a surface area of ​​ / g.

[0189] Suitable neutralizing agents for neutralizing acidic group-containing hydrophilic gelling agents as used herein include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, and aminomethylpropanol.

[0190] The skincare and suncare compositions of this application can be preserved by adding trace amounts of preservatives to the compositions. Such preservatives may be selected from, but are not limited to, triazoles, imidazoles, naphthalene derivatives, benzimidazoles, morpholine derivatives, dithiocarbamates, bendisothiazoles, benzamides, boron compounds, formaldehyde donors, isothiazolones, thiocyanates, quaternary ammonium compounds, iodine derivatives, phenol derivatives, microbial bactericides, pyridines, dialkyldithiocarbamates, nitriles, parabens, alkylparabens and their salts. The usage range of the preservative is about 0.01% to about 10% by weight. The concentration of the preservative in the composition is in the range of about 0.05% to about 1.0%, preferably about 0.1% to about 0.4%, based on the total weight of the composition. Suitable preservatives for use herein include sodium benzoate and propylparaben, as well as mixtures thereof.

[0191] Suitable fatty additives / excipients in this application include aliphatic alcohols, natural and synthetic waxes, ceramides, mineral oils, vegetable oils, animal oils, and synthetic oils. Other suitable fatty substances include isododecane, hydrogenated polyisobutene, squalane, isononyl isononanoate, cyclotetradimethicone and cyclopentadimethicone, phenyl trimethicone, ethylene homopolymers, ethoxylated fats and oils, fluoroalkanes, ceracite, shea butter, and arachidylpropionate, either alone or in combination. For a definition of wax, refer to, for example, PDDorgan, Drug and Cosmetic Industry, December 1983, pp. 30-33.

[0192] Suitable solvents for this application may consist of water, a cosmetic / dermatologically acceptable solvent, or a mixture of water and a cosmetic / dermatologically acceptable solvent, such as C1-C4 lower alcohols like ethanol, isopropanol, t-butanol, n-butanol, alkylene glycols like propylene glycol, and glycol ethers. However, the compositions of the present invention may be anhydrous. The most preferred solvents for this application include water, ethanol, and / or isopropanol. Other solvents suitable for product preparation for this application include linear and branched C1-C6 alcohols such as ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, hexanol, and mixtures thereof, aromatic alcohols such as benzyl alcohol, cycloalkyl alcohols such as cyclohexanol, and saturated C alcohols such as lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, and behenyl alcohol. 12 ~C 30 Aliphatic alcohols are included, but not limited to, aliphatic alcohols. Non-limiting examples of polyols include glycerin, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, hexylene glycol, C2-C4 alkoxylated alcohols and C2-C4 alkoxylated polyols such as ethoxylated, propoxylated, and butoxylated ethers, alcohols having about 2 to about 30 carbon atoms and 1 to about 40 alkoxy units, ethers of diols and polyols, polypropylene glycol, polybutylene glycol, etc. Non-limiting examples of non-aqueous auxiliary solvents include silicones and silicone derivatives such as cyclomethicone, aliphatic solvents such as cyclohexane and heptane, ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone, mixtures thereof, ethers such as diethyl ether and dimethoxymethane, mixtures thereof, natural and synthetic oils and waxes such as vegetable oils, vegetable oils and fats, animal oils, essential oils, and mineral oils, C7-C 40 Examples include alkyl carboxylic acid esters such as isoparaffin, ethyl acetate, amyl acetate, ethyl lactate, jojoba oil, and shark liver oil.

[0193] Alkaline pH adjusters include, for example, alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, organic bases such as ammonium hydroxide, triethanolamine, diisopropylamine, dodecylamine, diisopropanolamine, aminomethylpropanol, cocamine, oleamine, morpholine, triamylamine, triethylamine, tromethamine (2-amino-2-hydroxymethyl-1,3-propanediol), and tetrakis(hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine, alkali metal salts of inorganic acids such as borax, sodium phosphate, and sodium pyrophosphate, and mixtures thereof. Acidic pH adjusters may be organic acids containing amino acids and inorganic mineral acids. Non-limiting examples of acidic pH adjusters include acetic acid, citric acid, fumaric acid, glutamic acid, glycolic acid, hydrochloric acid, lactic acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, sodium sulfite, sulfuric acid, tartaric acid, and mixtures thereof. The desired pH of the personal care composition is in the range of about 2 to about 13, and in some embodiments, a range of about 4 to about 8 is preferred. The amount of pH adjuster used may be the effective amount necessary to achieve the desired pH level.

[0194] The colorants, colorants, or dyes used herein include natural food colorants and dyes suitable for food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic applications. These colorants are also known as FD&C and D&C dyes and lakes, and are preferably water-soluble. Details of all FD&C and D&C dyes and their corresponding chemical structures are provided herein by reference in the Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Vol. 5, pp. 857–884. These colorants may be incorporated into a personal care composition in amounts up to about 3% by weight, more specifically up to about 2%, and possibly less than 1% by weight.

[0195] Natural or synthetic fragrances may be used in the skincare / suncare compositions of this application. The fragrances may be used with a suitable solvent, diluent, or carrier. The fragrances may be added in any conventionally known way, such as by mixing into the composition or with other components forming the composition, and may be used in amounts deemed useful for imparting or enhancing the desired fragrance properties to the disinfectant or cleaning composition. The fragrances used in this application may be selected from one or more non-limiting groups of compounds, including saturated and unsaturated compounds, aliphatic, cyclic and heterocyclic compounds, essential oils, absolutes, resinoids, resins, concretes, hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, ethers, acids, esters, acetals, ketals, and nitriles.

[0196] Suitable UV protection agents that can be incorporated into the composition of the present invention include methoxydibenzoylmethane, octylsalicylic acid, pentyldimethyl PABA, octylsalicylic acid, benzophenone-1, benzophenone-6, 2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4,6-di-tert-pentylphenol, ethyl-2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylic acid, homomethylsalicylic acid (homosalate), bis-ethylhexyloxyphenol methoxyphenyl triazine, methyl-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl)-sebacate, 2-(2H -Benzotriazol-2-yl)-4-methylphenol, diethylhexylbutamide triazone, amyldimethyl PABA, 4,6-bis(octylthiomethyl)-o-cresol, red petroleum, ethylhexyl triazone, octocrylene, isoamyl-p-methoxycinnamate, drometrizole, titanium dioxide, 2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-(5-chloro-2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)phenol, 2-hydroxy-4-octyloxybenzophenone, benzophenone-2, diisopropylmethylcinnamate, PEG-25 PABA, 2-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-6-[[3-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl]methyl-4-methylphenylacrylic acid, drometrizole trisiloxane, menthyl anthranilate, butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane, 2-ethoxyethyl-p-methoxycinnamate, benzylidene camphor sulfonic acid, dimethoxyphenyl-[1-(3,4)]-4,4-dimethyl-1,3-pentanedione Zinc oxide, N,N'-Hexane-1,6-diylbis[3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionamide)], pentaerythritol tetrakis[3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate], 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-[4,6-bis(octylthio)-1,3,5-triazine-2-ylamino]phenol, 2-(2H-benzotriazole-2-yl)-4,6-Bis(1-methyl-1-phenylethyl)phenol, trolamine salicylic acid, diethylanolamine-p-methoxycinnamate, polysilicone-15, 4-methylbenzylidene camphor, bisoctrizole, reaction product with N-phenylbenzeneamine, 2,4,4-trimethylpentene, sulisobenzone, (2-ethylhexyl)-2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylic acid, digalloyl triolein, polyacrylamide methylbenzylidene camphor, glyceryl ethylhexanoate dimethoxycinnamate, 1,3-Bis-[(2'-Cyano-3',3'-Diphenylacryloyl)oxy]-2,2-Bis-[2'-Cyano-bis-(2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)-Sebacate], Benzophenone-5, 1,3,5-Tris(3,5-Di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-1,3,5-Triadin-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-Trion, Hexamethylenediamine, Benzophenone-8, Ethyl-4-Bis(Hydroxypropyl)aminobenzoate, 6-tert-butyl-2-(5- Lorro-2H-benzotriazole-2-yl)-4-methylphenol, p-aminobenzoic acid, 3,3',3'',5,5',5''-hexa-tert-butyl-α-α'-α''-(mesitylene-2,4,6-triyl)tri-p-cresol, lawsone containing dihydroxyacetone, benzophenone-9, benzophenone-4, ethylhexyl dimethoxybenzylidene dioxoimidazolin propionate, N,N'-bisformyl-N,N'-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl), 3-benzyli Dencamphor, terephthalylidene dicamphor sulfonic acid, camphor benzalkonium methosulfate, bis-dislurisole disodium, etocrylene, ferulic acid, 2-(2H-benzotriazole-2-yl)-4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)-phenol, 4,6-bis(dodecylthiomethyl)-o-cresol, β-2-glucopyranoxypropyl hydroxybenzophenone, phenylbenzimidazole sulfonic acid, benzophenone-3, diethylamine hydroxybenzoylhexyl benzoate, 3',3'-Diphenylacryloyloxymethylpropane, ethylhexyl-p-methoxycinnamate, and mixtures thereof can be selected.

[0197] Suitable UV protection agents that can be incorporated into the composition of the present invention include aminobenzoic acid, amyldimethyl PABA, cinoxate, diethanolamine-p-methoxycinnamate, digalloyltriolein, dioxybenzone, 2-ethoxyethyl-p-methoxycinnamate, ethyl-4-bis(hydroxypropyl)aminobenzoate, 2-ethylhexyl-2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylic acid, ethylhexyl-p-methoxycinnamate, 2-ethylhexyl salicylic acid, and glyceryl Selected from minobenzoate, homomenthylsalicylic acid, homosalate, 3-imidazole-4-ylacrylic acid and its ethyl esters, methyl anthranilate, octyldimethyl PABA, 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid and its salts, red petrolatum, sulisobenzone, titanium dioxide, triethanolaminesalicylic acid, N,N,N-trimethyl-4-(2-oxoborn-3-ylidenemethyl)anilinium methyl sulfate, and mixtures thereof.

[0198] This composition may also contain additional components such as fillers (e.g., nylon), electrolytes (e.g., sodium chloride), proteins, antioxidants, and chelating agents.

[0199] Synthetic essential oils include, for example, acetylated castor oil, cetyl octanoate, cetyl palmitate, cetyl ricinolate, cetyl stearate, cetyl myristate, coco-dicaprylate / caprylate, decyl isostearate, dioctyl malate, glyceryl stearate, glyceryl dioleate, glyceryl distearate, glyceryl trioctanoate, glyceryl distearate, glyceryl linoleate, glyceryl myristate, glyceryl isostearate, hydrogenated castor oil, PEG castor oil, PEG glyceryl oleate, PEG It may contain esters such as glyceryl stearate, PEG glyceryl tallowate, PEG-4 diheptanoate, myristyl myristate, octadecanoyl isotridecyl isononanoate, octyl palmitate, isostearyl neopentanoate, tridecyl neopentanoate, isodecyl oleate, isodecyl neopentanoate, isohexyl neopentanoate, tridecyl octanoate, tridecyl octanoate, tridecyl octanoate, aliphatic alcohols such as oleyl alcohol and isocetyl alcohol, and silicones.

[0200] In another important embodiment, the present application provides a dispersant composition for color cosmetics, the composition comprising (i) at least one dispersant comprising (a) a maleated natural oil and (b) a functionalized or non-functionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of a hydrophobic moiety, a hydrophilic moiety, and a combination thereof, and (ii) at least one solid particulate component.

[0201] The preferred list of the present invention relating to "(a) maleized natural oil and (b) a dispersant composition comprising a reaction product of a hydrophobic moiety, a hydrophilic moiety, and a combination thereof selected from the group" as shown above also applies to this aspect of the present invention.

[0202] In one non-limiting embodiment, the composition may further optionally comprise at least one liquid component selected from oils, esters, alcohols, and glycols.

[0203] In other non-limiting embodiments, the dispersant is a reaction product of (i) maleized soybean oil, (ii) octyldodecyl alcohol, and (iii) glycerol.

[0204] In one non-limiting embodiment, the composition further comprises at least one color cosmetics component. The dispersant composition of the present invention may be used in color cosmetics applications selected from the group consisting of facial foams / creams, cleansers, massage creams, masks, lotions, milky lotions, creams, serums, makeup bases, sunscreens, and foundations, white powders, eyeshadows, eyeliners, mascaras, eyebrow products, concealers, lipsticks, lip glosses, and lip balms.

[0205] In yet another important non-limiting embodiment, the present application provides a dispersant composition comprising (A) 10 to 90% by weight of at least one dispersant, (i) 0.1 to 10% by weight of a reaction product comprising (a) maleized natural oil and (b) a functionalized or non-functionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of hydrophobic moieties, hydrophilic moieties, and combinations thereof, and (B) 2 to 70% by weight of at least one solid particulate component.

[0206] In another embodiment, the present application provides a dispersant composition comprising (A) a maleated natural oil having a maleated functional group, (B) a base, and (C) a functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of a hydrophobic moiety, a hydrophilic moiety, and a combination thereof, wherein the maleated functional group partially reacts with the base, and the maleated functional group partially reacts with the functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety.

[0207] Therefore, the reaction products are the structural group represented by the following structure, [ka] [ka] [ka] and mixtures thereof are selected.

[0208] Therefore, bases are selected from the group consisting of inorganic bases, organic bases, and mixtures thereof. Inorganic bases are selected from the group consisting of oxides of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, hydroxides of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, carbonates of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, bicarbonates of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, oxides of transition metals, hydroxides of transition metals, carbonates of transition metals, bicarbonates of transition metals, and combinations thereof. Furthermore, inorganic bases are selected from the group consisting of oxides, hydroxides, carbonates and bicarbonates of sodium and calcium, and combinations thereof.

[0209] Therefore, alkali metals are selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, francium, and mixtures thereof. Alkaline earth metals are selected from the group consisting of beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, radium, and mixtures thereof. Transition metals are selected from the group consisting of scandium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, yttrium, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, technetium, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, cadmium, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, rhenium, osmium, iridium, platinum, gold, mercury, rutherfordium, dubnium, seaborgium, bohrium, hassium, meitnerium, dermstadtium, roentgenium, and mixtures thereof.

[0210] Therefore, the organic base is selected from the group consisting of ammonia, primary amines, secondary amines, pyridine, imidazole, benzimidazole, histidine, guanidine, and mixtures thereof.

[0211] In other embodiments, the present application provides a dispersant composition for coatings, the composition comprising (i) a dispersant composition comprising a reaction product of (A) a maleized natural oil comprising a natural oil having a maleated functional group, (B) a base, and (C) a functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of a hydrophobic moiety, a hydrophilic moiety, and a combination thereof, wherein the maleated functional group is partially reacted with the base and the maleated functional group is partially reacted with the functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety, and (ii) at least one solid particle component.

[0212] In other embodiments, the present application provides a dispersant composition for personal care, the composition comprising (i) a dispersant composition comprising a reaction product of (A) a maleized natural oil comprising a natural oil having a maleated functional group, (B) a base, and (C) a functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of a hydrophobic moiety, a hydrophilic moiety, and a combination thereof, wherein the maleated functional group is partially reacted with the base and the maleated functional group is partially reacted with the functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety, and (ii) at least one solid particle component.

[0213] In other embodiments, the present application provides a dispersant composition for color cosmetics, the composition comprising (i) a dispersant composition comprising a reaction product of (A) a maleized natural oil comprising a natural oil having a maleated functional group, (B) a base, and (C) a functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of a hydrophobic moiety, a hydrophilic moiety, and a combination thereof, wherein the maleated functional group is partially reacted with the base and the maleated functional group is partially reacted with the functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety, and (ii) at least one solid particle component.

[0214] In yet another important aspect, the present application provides a dispersant composition for personal care, the composition comprising (A) 0.01 to 20.0% by weight of a reaction product of (a) a maleated natural oil comprising (a) a natural oil having maleated functional groups, (b) a base, and (c) a functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of hydrophobic moieties, hydrophilic moieties, and combinations thereof, wherein the maleated functional groups partially react with the base and the maleated functional groups partially react with the functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety, (B) 1.0 to 90.0% by weight of one or more personal care active ingredients, and (C) 1.0 to 99.0% by weight of one or more additional ingredients.

[0215] In yet another important aspect, the present application provides a dispersant composition for personal care, comprising (A) a maleated natural oil comprising (a) a natural oil having maleated functional groups, (b) a base selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, and combinations thereof, and (c) a reaction product of 0.01 to 20.0% by weight of (A) a reaction product of (B) 1.0 to 90.0% by weight of one or more agricultural active ingredients, and (C) 1.0 to 99.0% by weight of one or more additional ingredients.

[0216] In other embodiments, the present application provides a dispersant composition comprising (A) a maleated natural oil having a maleated functional group, (B) a functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of hydrophobic moieties, hydrophilic moieties, and combinations thereof, wherein the maleated functional group is partially reacted with the functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety, and (C) a base, and the reaction product of the functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety.

[0217] In other embodiments, the reaction product has the following structural formula: [ka] It is represented as, R is one or more hydrophilic or hydrophobic moieties selected from the group consisting of unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, aryl, and alkaryl moieties containing approximately 1 to approximately 36 carbon atoms. Each Q is independently selected from the group consisting of H, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr, 1 / 2Mg, 1 / 2Ca, 1 / 2Co, 1 / 2Cu, 1 / 2Zn, ammonium, alkylammonium, dialkylammonium, trialkylammonium, and tetraalkylammonium.

[0218] Therefore, the reaction product has the following structure: [ka] It is a polymer represented by, n is greater than 1, R is one or more hydrophilic or hydrophobic moieties selected from the group consisting of unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, aryl, and alkaryl groups containing approximately 1 to approximately 36 carbon atoms. Each Q is independently selected from the group consisting of H, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr, 1 / 2Mg, 1 / 2Ca, 1 / 2Co, 1 / 2Cu, 1 / 2Zn, ammonium, alkylammonium, dialkylammonium, trialkylammonium, and tetraalkylammonium.

[0219] Therefore, the reaction product is selected from the group of structures represented by the following structures. [ka]

[0220] Therefore, the reaction product is a polymer selected from the group of structures represented by the following structures, [ka] 1 <n<30である。

[0221] In other embodiments, the present application provides a dispersant composition for coatings, the composition comprising (i) a dispersant composition comprising a reaction product of (A) a maleized natural oil having a maleated functional group, (B) a functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of a hydrophobic moiety, a hydrophilic moiety, and a combination thereof, wherein the maleated functional group is partially reacted with a base and the maleated functional group is partially reacted with the functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety, and (C) a base, and (ii) at least one solid particle component.

[0222] In other embodiments, the present application provides a dispersant composition for personal care, the composition comprising (i) a dispersant composition comprising a reaction product of (A) a maleized natural oil having a maleated functional group, (B) a functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of a hydrophobic moiety, a hydrophilic moiety, and a combination thereof, wherein the maleated functional group is partially reacted with a base and the maleated functional group is partially reacted with the functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety, and (C) a base, and (ii) at least one solid particle component.

[0223] In other embodiments, the present application provides a dispersant composition for color cosmetics, the composition comprising (i) a dispersant composition comprising a reaction product of (A) a maleized natural oil having a maleated functional group, (B) a functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of a hydrophobic moiety, a hydrophilic moiety, and a combination thereof, wherein the maleated functional group is partially reacted with a base and the maleated functional group is partially reacted with the functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety, and (C) a base, and (ii) at least one solid particle component.

[0224] In other embodiments, the present application provides a dispersant composition comprising at least one dispersant comprising (a) a maleated natural oil having a maleating functional group and (b) a reaction product of a base.

[0225] Therefore, the reaction product comprises a maleated functional group that has reacted completely or partially with the base. The base is selected from the group consisting of inorganic bases, organic bases, and mixtures thereof.

[0226] Therefore, inorganic bases are selected from the group consisting of oxides of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, hydroxides of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, carbonates of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, bicarbonates of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, oxides of transition metals, and combinations thereof. Furthermore, organic bases are selected from the group consisting of ammonia, primary amines, secondary amines, pyridine, imidazole, benzimidazole, histidine, guanidine, and mixtures thereof. Alkali metals are selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, francium, and mixtures thereof. Alkaline earth metals are selected from the group consisting of beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, radium, and mixtures thereof. Transition metals are selected from the group consisting of oxides, hydroxides, carbonates or bicarbonates of scandium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, yttrium, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, technetium, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, cadmium, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, rhenium, osmium, iridium, platinum, gold, mercury, rutherfordium, dubnium, seaborgium, bohrium, hassium, meitnerium, dermstadtium, roentgenium, and mixtures thereof. Inorganic bases are selected from the group consisting of oxides, hydroxides, carbonates and bicarbonates of sodium and calcium, and combinations thereof.

[0227] Therefore, maleated natural oils are selected from the group consisting of maleated avocado oil, maleated coconut oil, maleated corn oil, maleated cottonseed oil, maleated jojoba oil, maleated linseed oil, maleated nut oil, maleated olive oil, maleated palm oil, maleated raisin oil, maleated rapeseed oil, maleated safflower oil, maleated sesame oil, maleated soybean oil, maleated pumpkin oil, maleated sunflower oil, maleated almond oil, maleated canola oil, maleated linseed oil, maleated grapeseed oil, maleated palm oil, maleated palm kernel oil, maleated peanut oil, maleated walnut oil, and mixtures thereof.

[0228] Therefore, the maleated natural oil is maleated soybean oil, and the base is sodium hydroxide. The reaction product is selected from a group of structures having maleated functional groups that have reacted completely or partially with the base, and consists of the following structures and mixtures thereof. [ka] [ka]

[0229] In other non-limiting embodiments, the application provides a coating dispersant composition comprising at least one dispersant comprising (a) a maleated natural oil having a maleating functional group and (b) a reaction product of a base.

[0230] In other non-limiting embodiments, the application provides a dispersant composition for personal care, the composition comprising at least one dispersant comprising (a) a maleated natural oil having a maleated functional group and (b) a reaction product of a base.

[0231] In other non-limiting embodiments, the application provides a dispersant composition for color cosmetics, the composition comprising at least one dispersant comprising (a) a maleated natural oil having a maleated functional group and (b) a reaction product of a base.

[0232] In other non-limiting embodiments, the present application provides a dispersant composition comprising (A)(i)(a) a maleated natural oil having a maleated functional group, (b) at least one dispersant comprising a reaction product of a base in an amount of 0.1 to 10% by weight, and (B) at least one particulate component in an amount of 2 to 70% by weight.

[0233] In other non-limiting embodiments, the application provides a method for preparing a personal care dispersant composition comprising the steps of (a) adding a dispersant to a glass container, (b) gradually sprinkling a solid particulate component onto the contents of step (a), (c) mixing the contents of step (b) until uniform, and (d) obtaining a dispersant composition characterized by improved resistance of the particulate component to cracking, flaking, or breakage.

[0234] The reactions and compositions relating to this application can be analyzed by known techniques. Particularly preferred are 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, gas chromatography (GC), infrared spectroscopy (IR), liquid chromatography (LC), and gel permeation chromatography (GPC), which are used to analyze identification, residual monomer concentration, molecular weight, and molecular weight distribution.

[0235] The dispersant compositions disclosed herein impart unique properties to end-use formulations, the main dispersants (i) reduce the viscosity of the mixture when solid particles are mixed, (ii) improve the dispersibility of powder particles, (iii) increase the solid content by significantly reducing the viscosity of the mixture, allowing for the addition of more solid particles such as pigments, (iv) have high affinity to the skin and high stability, (v) show high compatibility with emulsions, anhydrous and non-volatile systems, (vi) exhibit abrasion resistance and excellent aesthetics, such as good feel, high solids content and improved color intensity, and (vii) are easily incorporated by mixing and homogenization, providing stability and color consistency.

[0236] Furthermore, specific embodiments of this application are described in detail by the following embodiments. These embodiments are provided for illustrative purposes of this application and are not intended to be limiting.

[0237] experiment

[0238] Experimental Example A: Grafting of maleic anhydride onto natural oils

[0239] Experimental Example A1: Grafting of 1 mole of maleic anhydride into soybean oil

[0240] 600 g of yellow soybean oil and 67 g of maleic anhydride (1 molar equivalent relative to the soybean oil) were placed in a 1-liter, four-necked flask equipped with a thermocouple, condenser, nitrogen spurge adapter, and mechanical stirrer. The mixture was nitrogen-spurged at room temperature for only 15 minutes. The mixture was gradually heated from room temperature to 210°C and maintained isothermally at 210°C for approximately 6-8 hours. A one-pot reaction without catalyst or solvent yielded an amber-colored viscous product with over 96% viscosity, and NMR and LC revealed that the residual maleic anhydride content was less than 1%. [ka]

[0241] Experimental example A2: Grafting of 2 moles of maleic anhydride into soybean oil.

[0242] Into a 1-liter four-neck flask equipped with a thermocouple, a condenser, a nitrogen sparge adapter and a mechanical stirrer, 600 g of yellow soybean oil and 133.7 g (2 molar equivalents relative to soybean oil) of maleic anhydride were charged. The mixture was sparged with nitrogen for only 15 minutes at room temperature. The mixture was gradually heated from room temperature to 210 °C and held isothermally at 210 °C for about 6 - 8 hours. By a one-pot reaction without using a catalyst and a solvent, an amber viscous product was obtained in a yield of over 96%, and it was revealed by NMR and LC that the residual maleic anhydride was less than 1%.

Chemical formula

[0243] Experimental Example A3: Grafting of 3 moles of maleic anhydride onto soybean oil.

[0244] Into a 1-liter four-neck flask equipped with a thermocouple, a condenser, a nitrogen sparge adapter and a mechanical stirrer, 600 g of yellow soybean oil and 204 g (3 molar equivalents relative to soybean oil) of maleic anhydride were charged. The mixture was sparged with nitrogen for only 15 minutes at room temperature. The mixture was gradually heated from room temperature to 210 °C and held isothermally at 210 °C for about 6 - 8 hours. By a one-pot reaction without using a catalyst and a solvent, an amber viscous product was obtained in a yield of over 96%, and it was revealed by NMR and LC that the residual maleic anhydride was less than 1%.

Chemical formula

[0245] Experimental Example A4: Grafting of maleic anhydride onto palm oil.

[0246] 100 g of palm oil and 23 g of maleic anhydride (2 molar equivalents relative to palm oil) were placed in a 1-liter, four-necked flask equipped with a thermocouple, condenser, nitrogen spurge adapter, and mechanical stirrer. The mixture was nitrogen spurged at room temperature for only 15 minutes. The mixture was gradually heated from room temperature to 210°C and maintained isothermally at 210°C for approximately 8-10 hours. A one-pot reaction without catalyst or solvent yielded an amber-colored viscous product in a yield of over 96%, and NMR and LC revealed that the residual maleic anhydride content was less than 1%.

[0247] Experimental Example A5: Grafting of maleic anhydride into canola oil.

[0248] 100 g of canola oil and 22.2 g of maleic anhydride (2 molar equivalents relative to the canola oil) were placed in a 1-liter, four-necked flask equipped with a thermocouple, condenser, nitrogen spurge adapter, and mechanical stirrer. The mixture was nitrogen spurged at room temperature for only 15 minutes. The mixture was gradually heated from room temperature to 210°C and maintained isothermally at 210°C for approximately 8-10 hours. A one-pot reaction without catalyst or solvent yielded an amber-colored viscous product in a yield of over 96%, and NMR and LC revealed that the residual maleic anhydride content was less than 1%.

[0249] Experimental Example A6: Grafting of maleic anhydride into sunflower oil.

[0250] 100 g of sunflower oil and 22.4 g of maleic anhydride (2 molar equivalents relative to the sunflower oil) were added to a 1-liter, four-necked flask equipped with a thermocouple, condenser, nitrogen spurge adapter, and mechanical stirrer. The mixture was nitrogen spurged at room temperature for only 15 minutes. The mixture was gradually heated from room temperature to 210°C and maintained isothermally at 210°C for approximately 8-10 hours. An amber-colored viscous product was obtained in a yield of over 96% by a one-pot reaction without catalyst or solvent, and NMR and LC revealed that the residual maleic anhydride content was less than 1%.

[0251] Experimental Example A7: Grafting of maleic anhydride into castor oil.

[0252] 100 g of yellow castor oil and 21 g of maleic anhydride (2 molar equivalents relative to the castor oil) were placed in a 1-liter, four-necked flask equipped with a thermocouple, condenser, nitrogen spurge adapter, and mechanical stirrer. The mixture was nitrogen spurged at room temperature for only 15 minutes. The mixture was gradually heated from room temperature to 210°C and maintained isothermally at 210°C for approximately 8-10 hours. A one-pot reaction without catalyst or solvent yielded an amber-colored viscous product in a yield of over 96%, and NMR and LC revealed that the residual maleic anhydride content was less than 1%.

[0253] Experimental Example B: Grafting of hydrophobic alcohol (octyldodecanol) onto maleic anhydride on natural oil.

[0254] Experimental Example B1:

[0255] In a 1-liter, four-necked flask equipped with a thermocouple, condenser, nitrogen purge adapter, and mechanical stirrer, 100 g of the amber-colored viscous product obtained from maleination reaction experiment example A1 and 30.5 g (1 molar equivalent) of 2-octyl-1-dodecanol were mixed and heated to 90°C, where the mixture was held for 6 hours. This one-pot reaction, without the use of a catalyst or solvent, yielded an amber-colored viscous product in a yield of over 96%. NMR, IR, and GC revealed that the residual octyldodecanol was less than 5%, and the residual maleic anhydride was less than 1% by LC. [ka]

[0256] Experimental Example B2:

[0257] In a 1-liter four-neck flask equipped with a thermocouple, a condenser, a nitrogen purge adapter, and a mechanical stirrer, 100 g of an amber viscous product obtained from maleation reaction Experimental Example A2 and 55.64 g (2 molar equivalents) of 2-octyl-1-dodecanol were mixed, heated to 90 °C, and held for 6 hours. By a one-pot reaction without using a catalyst and a solvent, an amber viscous product was obtained in a yield of over 96%. It was revealed by NMR, IR, and GC that the residual octyldodecanol was less than 5% and the residual maleic anhydride was less than 1% by LC.

[0258] Experimental Example B3:

[0259] In a 1-liter four-neck flask equipped with a thermocouple, a condenser, a nitrogen purge adapter, and a mechanical stirrer, 100 g of an amber viscous product obtained from maleation reaction Experimental Example A2 and 61.20 g (2.2 molar equivalents) of 2-octyl-1-dodecanol were mixed, heated to 90 °C, and held for 6 hours. By a one-pot reaction without using a catalyst and a solvent, an amber viscous product was obtained in a yield of over 96%. It was revealed by NMR and GC that the residual octyldodecanol was less than 5% and the residual maleic anhydride was less than 1% by LC.

[0260] Experimental Example B4:

[0261] In a 1-liter four-neck flask equipped with a thermocouple, a condenser, a nitrogen purge adapter, and a mechanical stirrer, 100 g of an amber viscous product obtained from maleation reaction Experimental Example A3 and 25.66 g (1 molar equivalent) of 2-octyl-1-dodecanol were mixed, heated to 90 °C, and held for 6 hours. By a one-pot reaction without using a catalyst and a solvent, an amber viscous product was obtained in a yield of over 96%. It was revealed by NMR, IR, and GC that the residual octyldodecanol was less than 5% and the residual maleic anhydride was less than 1% by LC.

[0262] Experimental Example B5:

[0263] In a 1-liter, four-necked flask equipped with a thermocouple, condenser, nitrogen purge adapter, and mechanical stirrer, 100 g of the amber-colored viscous product obtained from maleination reaction experiment example A3 and 31.81 g (1.25 molar equivalents) of 2-octyl-1-dodecanol were mixed and heated to 90°C, where the mixture was held for 6 hours. This one-pot reaction, without the use of a catalyst or solvent, yielded an amber-colored viscous product in a yield of over 96%. NMR, IR, and GC revealed that the residual octyldodecanol was less than 5%, and the residual maleic anhydride was less than 1% by LC.

[0264] Experimental Example B6:

[0265] In a 1-liter, four-necked flask equipped with a thermocouple, condenser, nitrogen purge adapter, and mechanical stirrer, 100 g of the amber-colored viscous product obtained from maleination reaction experiment example A3 and 38.17 g (1.5 molar equivalents) of 2-octyl-1-dodecanol were mixed and heated to 90°C, where the mixture was held for 6 hours. This one-pot reaction, without the use of a catalyst or solvent, yielded an amber-colored viscous product in a yield of over 96%. NMR, IR, and GC revealed that the residual octyldodecanol was less than 5%, and the residual maleic anhydride was less than 1% by LC.

[0266] Experimental Example B7:

[0267] In a 1-liter, four-necked flask equipped with a thermocouple, condenser, nitrogen purge adapter, and mechanical stirrer, 100 g of the amber-colored viscous product obtained from maleination reaction experiment example A3 and 50.89 g (2 molar equivalents) of 2-octyl-1-dodecanol were mixed and heated to 90°C, where the mixture was held for 6 hours. This one-pot reaction, without the use of a catalyst or solvent, yielded an amber-colored viscous product in a yield of over 96%. NMR, IR, and GC revealed that the residual octyldodecanol was less than 5% and the residual maleic anhydride was less than 1% by LC.

[0268] Experimental Example B8:

[0269] In a 1-liter, four-necked flask equipped with a thermocouple, condenser, nitrogen purge adapter, and mechanical stirrer, 100 g of the amber-colored viscous product obtained from maleination reaction experiment example A3 and 63.61 g (2.5 molar equivalents) of 2-octyl-1-dodecanol were mixed and heated to 90°C, where the mixture was held for 6 hours. The amber-colored viscous product was obtained in a yield of over 96% by a one-pot reaction without the use of a catalyst or solvent. NMR, IR, and GC revealed that the residual octyldodecanol was less than 5% and the residual maleic anhydride was less than 1% by LC.

[0270] Experimental Example B9:

[0271] In a 1-liter, four-necked flask equipped with a thermocouple, condenser, nitrogen purge adapter, and mechanical stirrer, 100 g of the amber-colored viscous product obtained from maleination reaction experiment example A4 and 35 g (1 molar equivalent) of 2-octyl-1-dodecanol were mixed and heated to 90°C, where the mixture was held for 6 hours. This one-pot reaction, without the use of a catalyst or solvent, yielded an amber-colored viscous product in a yield of over 96%. NMR, IR, and GC revealed that the residual octyldodecanol was less than 5% and the residual maleic anhydride was less than 1% by LC.

[0272] Experimental Example B10:

[0273] In a 1-liter, four-necked flask equipped with a thermocouple, condenser, nitrogen purge adapter, and mechanical stirrer, 100 g of the amber-colored viscous product obtained from maleination reaction experiment example A5 and 35 g (1 molar equivalent) of 2-octyl-1-dodecanol were mixed and heated to 90°C, where the mixture was held for 6 hours. This one-pot reaction, without the use of a catalyst or solvent, yielded an amber-colored viscous product in a yield of over 96%. NMR, IR, and GC revealed that the residual octyldodecanol was less than 5%, and the residual maleic anhydride was less than 1% by LC.

[0274] Experimental Example B11:

[0275] In a 1-liter, four-necked flask equipped with a thermocouple, condenser, nitrogen purge adapter, and mechanical stirrer, 100 g of the amber-colored viscous product obtained from maleination reaction experiment example A6 and 35 g (1 molar equivalent) of 2-octyl-1-dodecanol were mixed and heated to 90°C, where the mixture was held for 6 hours. This one-pot reaction, without the use of a catalyst or solvent, yielded an amber-colored viscous product in a yield of over 96%. NMR, IR, and GC revealed that the residual octyldodecanol was less than 5%, and the residual maleic anhydride was less than 1% by LC.

[0276] Experimental Example B12:

[0277] In a 1-liter, four-necked flask equipped with a thermocouple, condenser, nitrogen purge adapter, and mechanical stirrer, 100 g of the amber-colored viscous product obtained from maleination reaction experiment example A7 and 35 g (1 molar equivalent) of 2-octyl-1-dodecanol were mixed and heated to 90°C, where the mixture was held for 6 hours. The amber-colored viscous product was obtained in a yield of over 96% by a one-pot reaction without the use of a catalyst or solvent. NMR, IR, and GC revealed that the residual octyldodecanol was less than 5% and the residual maleic anhydride was less than 1% by LC.

[0278] Experimental Example C: Grafting of natural oil containing octyldodecanol onto the hydrophobic and hydrophilic portions (glycerin) of hydrophobic maleic anhydride.

[0279] Experimental Example C1:

[0280] In a 1-liter, four-necked flask equipped with a thermocouple, condenser, nitrogen purge adapter, and mechanical stirrer, 100 g of the amber-colored viscous product obtained from reaction B6 and 5.7 g (1 molar equivalent) of glycerin were mixed and heated to 90°C, where the mixture was held for 4-6 hours. The amber-colored viscous product was obtained in a yield of over 96% by a one-pot reaction without catalyst or solvent, and NMR and LC revealed that the unreacted maleic anhydride content was less than 0.05%. [ka]

[0281] Experimental Example C2:

[0282] In a 1-liter, four-necked flask equipped with a thermocouple, condenser, nitrogen purge adapter, and mechanical stirrer, 100 g of the amber-colored viscous product obtained from reaction B4 and 6.28 g (1 molar equivalent) of glycerin were mixed and heated to 90°C, where the mixture was held for 4-6 hours. This one-pot reaction, without the use of a catalyst or solvent, yielded an amber-colored viscous product in a yield of over 96%, and NMR and LC revealed that the unreacted maleic anhydride content was less than 0.05%.

[0283] Experimental Example C3:

[0284] In a 1-liter, four-necked flask equipped with a thermocouple, condenser, nitrogen purge adapter, and mechanical stirrer, 100 g of the amber-colored viscous product obtained from reaction B4 and 9.42 g (1.5 molar equivalents) of glycerin were mixed and heated to 90°C, where the mixture was held for 4 hours. The amber-colored viscous product was obtained in a yield of over 96% by a one-pot reaction without catalyst or solvent, and NMR and LC revealed that the residual maleic anhydride content was less than 0.05%.

[0285] Experimental Example C4:

[0286] In a 1-liter, four-necked flask equipped with a thermocouple, condenser, nitrogen purge adapter, and mechanical stirrer, 100 g of the amber-colored viscous product obtained from reaction B9 and 511 g (1 molar equivalent) of glycerin were mixed and heated to 90°C, where the mixture was held for 4-6 hours. The amber-colored viscous product was obtained in a yield of over 96% by a one-pot reaction without catalyst or solvent, and NMR and LC revealed that the residual maleic anhydride content was less than 0.05%.

[0287] Experimental Example C5:

[0288] In a 1-liter, four-necked flask equipped with a thermocouple, condenser, nitrogen purge adapter, and mechanical stirrer, 100 g of the amber-colored viscous product obtained from reaction B10 and 11 g (1 molar equivalent) of glycerin were mixed and heated to 90°C, where the mixture was held for 4-6 hours. The amber-colored viscous product was obtained in a yield of over 96% by a one-pot reaction without catalyst or solvent, and NMR and LC revealed that the residual maleic anhydride content was less than 0.05%.

[0289] Experimental Example C6:

[0290] In a 1-liter, four-necked flask equipped with a thermocouple, condenser, nitrogen purge adapter, and mechanical stirrer, 100 g of the amber-colored viscous product obtained from reaction B11 and 11 g (1 molar equivalent) of glycerin were mixed and heated to 90°C, where the mixture was held for 4-6 hours. The amber-colored viscous product was obtained in a yield of over 96% by a one-pot reaction without catalyst or solvent, and NMR and LC revealed that the residual maleic anhydride content was less than 0.05%.

[0291] Experimental Example C7:

[0292] In a 1-liter, four-necked flask equipped with a thermocouple, condenser, nitrogen purge adapter, and mechanical stirrer, 100 g of the amber-colored viscous product obtained from reaction B12 and 11 g (1 molar equivalent) of glycerin were mixed and heated to 90°C, where the mixture was held for 4-6 hours. The amber-colored viscous product was obtained in a yield of over 96% by a one-pot reaction without catalyst or solvent, and NMR and LC revealed that the residual maleic anhydride content was less than 0.05%.

[0293] Experimental Example C8:

[0294] In a 1-liter, four-necked flask equipped with a thermocouple, condenser, nitrogen purge adapter, and mechanical stirrer, 152 g of the amber-colored viscous product obtained from reaction B4 and 4.74 g (1 molar equivalent) of ethanol were mixed and heated to 90°C, where the mixture was held for 8 hours. This one-pot reaction, without the use of a catalyst or solvent, yielded an amber-colored product in a yield of over 96%, and NMR and LC revealed that the residual maleic anhydride content was less than 0.05%. [ka]

[0295] Experimental Example C9:

[0296] In a 1-liter, four-necked flask equipped with a thermocouple, condenser, nitrogen purge adapter, and mechanical stirrer, 152 g of the amber-colored viscous product obtained from reaction B4 and 9.74 g (2 molar equivalents) of ethanol were mixed and heated to 90°C, where it was held for 8 hours. The amber-colored product was obtained in a yield of over 96% by a one-pot reaction without catalyst or solvent, and NMR and LC revealed that the residual maleic anhydride content was less than 0.05%.

[0297] Experimental Example D: Grafting of hydrophilic alcohols (β-cyclodextrin, glycerin) onto maleic anhydride on natural oils.

[0298] Experimental Example D1:

[0299] In a 1-liter, four-necked flask equipped with a thermocouple, condenser, nitrogen purge adapter, and mechanical stirrer, 68.43 g of the amber-colored viscous product obtained from reaction B6 and 23.73 g (0.50 molar equivalent) of β-cyclodextrin were mixed and heated to 90°C, where the mixture was held for 6 hours. A one-pot reaction without catalyst or solvent yielded a yellow product in a yield of over 96%, and IR and LC revealed that the residual maleic anhydride content was less than 0.05%. [ka]

[0300] Experimental Example D2:

[0301] In a 1-liter, four-necked flask equipped with a thermocouple, condenser, nitrogen purge adapter, and mechanical stirrer, 68.43 g of the amber-colored viscous product obtained from reaction B6, 23.73 g (0.50 molar equivalent) of β-cyclodextrin, and 3.85 g (1 molar equivalent) of glycerin were mixed and heated to 90°C, where it was held for 4 hours. A one-pot reaction without catalyst or solvent yielded a yellow product in a yield of over 96%, and IR and LC revealed that the residual maleic anhydride content was less than 0.05%. [ka]

[0302] Experimental Example D3:

[0303] In a 1-liter, four-necked flask equipped with a thermocouple, condenser, nitrogen purge adapter, and mechanical stirrer, 68.43 g of the amber-colored viscous product obtained from reaction B6, 23.73 g (0.50 molar equivalent) of β-cyclodextrin, and 1.93 g (0.50 molar equivalent) of glycerin were mixed and heated to 90°C, where the mixture was held for 4 hours. A one-pot reaction without catalyst or solvent yielded a yellow product in a yield of over 96%, and IR and LC revealed that the residual maleic acid content was less than 0.05%.

[0304] Experimental Example E: Maleination reaction with water

[0305] Experimental Example E1:

[0306] In a 1-liter, four-necked flask equipped with a thermocouple, condenser, nitrogen purge adapter, and mechanical stirrer, 100 g of the amber-colored viscous product obtained from maleation reaction A3 and 6.10 g (3 molar equivalents) of water were mixed and heated to 90°C, where the mixture was held for 20 hours. A one-pot reaction without catalyst or solvent yielded a yellow product in a yield of over 90%, and NMR, IR, and LC revealed that the residual maleic acid content was less than 0.05%. [ka]

[0307] Experimental Example F: Grafting of hydrophilic glycerin onto maleic anhydride on soybean oil

[0308] Experimental example F1:

[0309] In a 1-liter, four-necked flask equipped with a thermocouple, condenser, nitrogen purge adapter, and mechanical stirrer, 176 g of the amber-colored viscous product obtained from maleation reaction A3 and 6.87 g (0.5 molar equivalent) of glycerin were mixed and heated to 90°C, where the mixture was held for 2 hours. A one-pot reaction without catalyst or solvent yielded a yellow product in a yield of over 96%, and IR and LC revealed that the residual maleic anhydride content was less than 0.05%. [ka]

[0310] Experimental example F2:

[0311] In a 1-liter, four-necked flask equipped with a thermocouple, condenser, nitrogen purge adapter, and mechanical stirrer, 176 g of the amber-colored viscous product obtained from maleation reaction A3 and 13.74 g (1 molar equivalent) of glycerin were mixed and heated to 90°C, where the mixture was held for 4 hours. A one-pot reaction without catalyst or solvent yielded a yellow product in a yield of over 96%, and IR and LC revealed that the residual maleic anhydride content was less than 0.05%.

[0312] Experimental Example G:

[0313] Experimental Example G1: Maleated soybean oil containing 2-octyldodecanol and 1%, 3%, and 5% glycerin, zinc oxide, and titanium dioxide (10% w / w) containing zinc oxide - Table 1:

[0314] [Table 1]

[0315] Experimental Example G2: Maleated soybean oil, zinc oxide, and titanium dioxide (10% w / w) reacting with 2-octyldodecanol and 1%, 3%, and 5% glycerin - Table 2:

[0316] [Table 2]

[0317] Experimental Example G3: Sodium salt of maleized soybean oil containing 2-octyldodecanol and 1%, 3%, and 5% glycerin, and zinc oxide (10% w / w) - Table 3:

[0318] [Table 3]

[0319] Experimental Example G4: Sodium salts of maleated soybean oil having hydrophobic 2-octyldodecanol and 1%, 3%, and 5% hydrophilic glycerin, and titanium dioxide (10% w / w) - Table 4:

[0320] [Table 4]

[0321] Experimental Example G5: Sodium salts of 1% and 3% maleated soybean oil and zinc oxide (10% w / w) - Table 5:

[0322] [Table 5]

[0323] Experimental Example G6: Sodium salts of 1% and 3% maleated soybean oil and titanium dioxide (10% w / w) - Table 6:

[0324] [Table 6]

[0325] (Dispersant composition)

[0326] (Experimental Example 1: Use of Kaolin)

[0327] Two dispersant compositions were prepared, one containing soybean oil ester and the other without, and their viscosities were analyzed. Kaolin was used as a particulate component.

[0328] [Table 7]

[0329] (Experimental Example 2: Use of Silica)

[0330] Two dispersant compositions were prepared, one containing soybean oil ester and the other without, and their viscosities were analyzed. Silica was used as a particulate component.

[0331] [Table 8]

[0332] (Experimental Example 3: Use of Zinc Oxide)

[0333] Two dispersant compositions were prepared, one containing soybean oil ester and one without, and their viscosities were analyzed. Zinc oxide was used as a particulate component.

[0334] [Table 9]

[0335] (Experimental Example 4: Use of Titanium Dioxide)

[0336] Two dispersant compositions were prepared, one containing soybean oil ester and one without, and their viscosities were analyzed. Titanium dioxide was used as a particulate component. The prepared samples were compared with competing products.

[0337] [Table 10]

[0338] (Experimental Example 5: Use of Titanium Dioxide)

[0339] Two dispersant compositions were prepared, one containing soybean oil ester and one without, and their viscosities were analyzed. Titanium dioxide was used as the particulate component, and castor oil was used as the liquid component of the dispersant composition.

[0340] [Table 11]

[0341] (Experimental Example 6: Use of Titanium Dioxide and Esters)

[0342] Two dispersant compositions were prepared, one containing soybean oil ester and one without, and their viscosities were analyzed. Titanium dioxide was used as the particulate component. Isodecyl neopentanoate and tridecyl neopentanoate were used as the liquid components of the dispersant compositions.

[0343] [Table 12]

[0344] (Experimental Example 7: Use of Titanium Dioxide and Esters)

[0345] Two dispersant compositions containing soybean oil ester at different weight percentages were prepared, and their viscosities were analyzed. Titanium dioxide was used as the particulate component. Tridecyl neopentanoate ester was used as the liquid component of the dispersant composition.

[0346] [Table 13]

[0347] (Experimental Example 8: Use of Titanium Dioxide and Esters)

[0348] Three dispersant compositions were prepared, one without soybean oil ester and the other containing it at different weight percentages, and their viscosities were analyzed. Titanium dioxide was used as a particulate component. Tridecyl neopentanoate and octyldodecyl stearoyl stearate were used as liquid components in one of the dispersant compositions.

[0349] [Table 14]

[0350] (Experimental Example 9: Use of Titanium Dioxide and Esters)

[0351] Four dispersant compositions were prepared, some containing soybean oil esters and others containing them (at different weight percentages), and their viscosities were analyzed. Titanium dioxide was used as the particulate component. Mineral oil and octyldodecyl stearoyl stearate were used as liquid components in one of the dispersant compositions.

[0352] [Table 15]

[0353] (Experimental Example 10: Use of Titanium Oxide-ITT and Esters)

[0354] Three dispersant compositions were prepared, some containing soybean oil esters and others containing them (at different weight percentages), and their viscosities were analyzed. Titanium dioxide or titanium dioxide-triisostearic acid was used as the particulate component. Mineral oil was used as the liquid component in one of the dispersant compositions.

[0355] [Table 16]

[0356] (Combination example)

[0357] (Experimental Example 11: SPF Fluid Shake)

[0358] Four skincare SPF fluid shake dispersions were prepared, some containing soybean oil esters and others containing them in different weight percentages. The ingredients are shown in the table below.

[0359] [Table 17]

[0360] (Experiment Example 12: Eyeshadow)

[0361] Four cosmetic eyeshadow samples were prepared, some containing soybean oil esters and others containing them in different weight percentages. The ingredients are shown in the table below.

[0362] [Table 18]

[0363] (Experiment Example 13: Lip Gloss)

[0364] Four lip gloss cosmetic samples were prepared, some containing soybean oil esters and others containing them in different weight percentages. The ingredients are shown in the table below.

[0365] [Table 19]

[0366] (Experimental Example 14: Brush)

[0367] Four cosmetic brush samples were prepared, some containing soybean oil esters and others containing them in different weight percentages. The ingredients are shown in the table below.

[0368] [Table 20]

[0369] (Experimental Example 15: Pressed Powder)

[0370] Four cosmetic samples for pressed powder were prepared, some containing soybean oil esters and others containing them in different weight percentages. The ingredients are shown in the table below.

[0371] [Table 21]

[0372] (Experiment Example 16: Carbon Black Mascara)

[0373] Four cosmetic samples for carbon black mascara were prepared, some containing soybean oil esters and others containing them in different weight percentages. The components are shown in the table below.

[0374] [Table 22]

[0375] (Experiment Example 17: Volume Curl Mascara)

[0376] Four cosmetic samples for volume curl mascara were prepared, some containing soybean oil esters and others containing them in different weight percentages. The ingredients are shown in the table below.

[0377] [Table 23]

[0378] (Experimental Example 18: Clay Mask)

[0379] Four cosmetic samples for clay masks were prepared, some containing soybean oil esters and others containing them in different weight percentages. The ingredients are shown in the table below.

[0380] [Table 24]

[0381] (Experimental Example 19: Long-Wear Intense Lipstick)

[0382] Four cosmetic samples for long-wearing intense lipstick were prepared, some containing soybean oil esters and others containing them in different weight percentages. The ingredients are shown in the table below.

[0383] [Table 25]

[0384] (Experimental Example 20: W / O Liquid Foundation)

[0385] Four W / O liquid foundation cosmetic samples were prepared, some containing soybean oil esters and others containing them in different weight percentages. The ingredients are shown in the table below.

[0386] [Table 26]

[0387] Although the present invention has been described in relation to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention to the forms described, but rather to include alternatives, modifications, and equivalents that may fall within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A dispersant composition comprising (a) a maleated natural oil having a maleated functional group, and (b) at least one dispersant having a reaction product of a hydrophobic moiety, a hydrophilic moiety, and a combination thereof selected from the group.

2. The dispersant composition according to claim 1, wherein the maleinated natural oil is selected from the group consisting of maleinated avocado oil, maleinated almond oil, maleinated coconut oil, maleinated corn oil, maleinated canola oil, maleinated cottonseed oil, maleinated linseed oil, maleinated grapeseed oil, maleinated jojoba oil, maleinated linseed oil, maleinated nut oil, maleinated olive oil, maleinated palm oil, maleinated raisin oil, maleinated palm oil, maleinated palm kernel oil, maleinated peanut oil, maleinated rapeseed oil, maleinated safflower oil, maleinated sesame oil, maleinated soybean oil, maleinated pumpkin oil, maleinated sunflower oil, maleinated walnut oil, and mixtures thereof.

3. The dispersant composition according to claim 1, wherein the maleized natural oil is maleized soybean oil.

4. (a) The hydrophobic portion is a portion selected from the group consisting of unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, aryl alcohols containing about C6 to about C36 atoms, which may or may not have heteroatoms, unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, arylamine, silicon compounds, and combinations thereof, which may or may not have heteroatoms, and (b) The dispersant composition according to claim 1, wherein the hydrophilic portion is a portion selected from the group consisting of unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, or aryl alcohols that may or may not have heteroatoms containing about C1 to about C5 atoms, unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, or arylamines that may or may not have heteroatoms containing about C1 to about C5 atoms, unsubstituted or substituted polyols, silanes that may or may not have heteroatoms containing about C2 to about C36 atoms, and combinations thereof.

5. (i) The hydrophobic alcohol is selected from the group consisting of heptanol, nonanol, decanol, dodecanol, phenol, ethylbenzyl alcohol, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 1-octanol, 2-octanol, 2-octyl-1-dodecyl alcohol, 2-tetradecanol, 2-hexadecanol, 3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol, 2-propyl-1-pentanol, 4-methyl-1-pentanol, and mixtures thereof, and (ii) The dispersant composition according to claim 4(a), wherein the hydrophobic amine is selected from the group consisting of benzylamine, cyclohexylamine, hexylamine, methylhexylamine, phenethylamine, octylamine, oleylamine, decylamine, dodecylamine, octadecylamine, undecylamine, pentadecylamine, 2-methylbutylamine, dimethylamine, and mixtures thereof.

6. (i) Hydrophilic alcohols are selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, dibutylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, methoxypolyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, hexylene glycol, sorbitol, neopentyl glycol, erythritol, mannitol, xylitol, sreitol, pentaerythritol, β-cyclodextrin, L-ribose, 2-deoxy-D-galactose, and mixtures thereof, and (ii) The dispersant composition according to claim 4(b), wherein the hydrophilic amine is selected from the group consisting of 2-methylpentane-1,5-diamine, diethanolamine, diisopropanolamine, selinol hydrochloride, 2-amino-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol, N-methyl-D-glucosamine, D-galactosamine hydrochloride, D-glucosamine hydrochloride, D-mannosamine hydrochloride, and mixtures thereof.

7. The dispersant composition according to claim 1, wherein the dispersant is present in an amount of 0.1 to 90% by weight of the entire dispersant composition.

8. The dispersant composition according to claim 1, further comprising at least one particulate component.

9. The dispersant composition according to claim 8, wherein the particulate component is selected from the group consisting of pigments for personal care, building and industrial coatings, fillers and extenders for paints and plastic materials, fluorescent whitening agents for paper, fiber additives for solvent dye baths and inks, particulate ceramic materials, magnetic particles for magnetic recording media, organic solid biocides for pesticides and pharmaceuticals, solid particles for food and preservatives, and solid polymer surfactants for household use.

10. The dispersant composition according to claim 9, wherein the particulate component is selected from the group consisting of graphite, barium sulfate, metal oxides, carbon black, calcium silicate, calcium carbonate, clay, hydrated aluminum oxide, indigo, kaolin, silica, talc, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide-isopropyl titanium triisostearate, zinc phthalocyanine, and mixtures thereof.

11. The composition according to claim 8, wherein the particle component is present in an amount of 0.1 to 70% by weight of the entire dispersant composition.

12. The dispersant composition according to claim 8, wherein the particulate component further optionally comprises at least one liquid component selected from oil, ester, alcohol, and glycol.

13. The dispersant composition according to claim 13, wherein the liquid component is selected from the group consisting of isodecyl neopentanoate, tridecyl neopentanoate, octyldodecyl stearoyl stearate, castor oil, polyhydroxystearic acid, and C12-15 alkyl benzoate.

14. The composition according to claim 12, wherein the liquid component is present in an amount of about 2% to about 90% by weight of the total dispersant.

15. The dispersant has the following structural formula: 【Chemistry 1】 A dispersant composition according to claim 1, selected from the group of structures represented by

16. The dispersant composition according to claim 1, wherein the dispersant composition is a personal care composition, a coating composition, a food coating composition, and a pharmaceutical coating composition.

17. The dispersant composition according to claim 1, further comprising at least one functional component selected from personal care agents, coating agents, food coating agents, pharmaceutical tablet coating agents, and dispersant coating agents.

18. (i) about 0.1 to about 10% by weight of the dispersant composition according to claim 1, and (ii) At least one solid particulate component in an amount of approximately 0.1 to approximately 70% by weight A coating dispersant composition comprising the following features.

19. The coating dispersant composition according to claim 18, further optionally comprising at least one liquid component selected from oils, esters, alcohols, and glycols.

20. The coating dispersant composition according to claim 18, wherein the solid particles are selected from the group consisting of graphite, barium sulfate, metal oxides, carbon black, calcium silicate, calcium carbonate, clay, hydrated aluminum oxide, indigo, kaolin, silica, talc, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide-isopropyl titanium triisostearate, zinc phthalocyanine, and mixtures thereof.

21. The dispersant composition according to claim 18, wherein the dispersant composition is used to prepare a coating composition selected from the group consisting of building coatings, metal coatings, marine coatings, paints, decorative paints, interior paints, exterior paints, nonwoven fabric coatings, ceramic coatings, anticorrosion coatings, flame retardant coatings, protective coatings, powder coatings, wood coatings, industrial coatings, antifouling coatings, antibacterial coatings, heat insulating coatings, water-based coatings, and solvent-based coatings.

22. The coating composition according to claim 18, wherein the dispersant composition is used for lacquer coatings, primer coatings, inkjet printing, top coatings, varnish coatings, architectural coatings, wood coatings, printing inks, or metal or non-metal coatings.

23. The coating composition according to claim 18, wherein the dispersant composition is coated onto a substrate selected from the group consisting of porous and non-porous substrates, paper, nonwoven materials, fibers, leather, wood, concrete, stone, metals, nonmetals, house wrap, building materials, glass fibers, polymer products, face masks, medical drapes and gowns, carpets, upholstery, tents, awnings, airbags, fabrics, ceramics, yarns and blends, woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, natural, synthetic and recycled substrates.

24. The coating dispersant composition according to claim 18, wherein the dispersant is a reaction product of (i) maleized soybean oil, (ii) octyldodecyl alcohol, and (iii) glycerol.

25. (i) about 0.1 to about 10% by weight of the dispersant composition according to claim 1, and (ii) At least one solid particulate component in an amount of approximately 0.1 to approximately 70% by weight A dispersant composition for personal care, comprising the following features.

26. The personal care dispersant composition according to claim 25, wherein the solid particles are graphite, barium sulfate, metal oxides, carbon black, calcium silicate, calcium carbonate, clay, hydrated aluminum oxide, indigo, kaolin, silica, talc, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide-isopropyl titanium triisostearate, zinc phthalocyanine, and mixtures thereof.

27. The personal care dispersant composition according to claim 25, wherein the personal care composition is a skin care composition, a hair care composition, and a nail care composition.

28. The personal care dispersant composition according to claim 25, wherein the personal care composition is a cosmetic composition selected from the group consisting of an eyeliner composition, a foundation composition, a long-wear intense lipstick composition, a clay mask composition, a volume curl mascara composition, a carbon black mascara composition, a pressed powder composition, a blush composition, a lip gloss composition, an eyeshadow composition, and an SPF composition.

29. The dispersant composition according to claim 25, which is used to prepare a personal care composition selected from the group comprising foundation, long-wear intense lipstick, clay mask, volume curl mascara, carbon black mascara, pressed powder, blush, lip gloss, eyeshadow, and SPF fluid shake.

30. The personal care dispersant composition according to claim 25, wherein the composition is an emulsion selected from oil-in-water emulsions and water-in-oil emulsions.

31. The personal care dispersant composition according to claim 25, further optionally comprising at least one liquid component selected from oils, esters, alcohols, and glycols.

32. The personal care dispersant composition according to claim 25, wherein the dispersant is a product of (i) maleized soybean oil, (ii) octyldodecyl alcohol, and (iii) glycerol.

33. (i) about 0.1 to about 10% by weight of the dispersant composition according to claim 1, and (ii) At least one solid particulate component in an amount of approximately 0.1 to approximately 70% by weight A dispersant composition for color cosmetics comprising the following features.

34. The dispersant composition for color cosmetics according to claim 33, wherein the solid particles are graphite, barium sulfate, metal oxides, carbon black, calcium silicate, calcium carbonate, clay, hydrated aluminum oxide, indigo, kaolin, silica, talc, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide-isopropyl titanium triisostearate, zinc phthalocyanine, and mixtures thereof.

35. The dispersant composition for color cosmetics according to claim 33, wherein the color cosmetics are selected from the group comprising cleansing foam cream, massage cream, pack, skin lotion, milky lotion, sunscreen, foundation, white powder, eyeshadow, blush, eyeliner, mascara, eyebrow products, concealer, lipstick, and lip gloss.

36. The dispersant composition for color cosmetics according to claim 33, wherein the dispersant is a product of (i) maleized soybean oil, (ii) octyldodecyl alcohol, and (iii) glycerol.

37. (A) Maleated natural oil comprising a natural oil having a maleating functional group (B) base, and (C) A functionalized or non-functionalized portion selected from the group consisting of hydrophobic portions, hydrophilic portions, and combinations thereof, A dispersant composition comprising, The maleated functional group is partially reacted with the base, and The maleated functional group is partially reacted with the functionalized or non-functionalized moiety. Dispersant composition.

38. The dispersant composition according to claim 37, wherein the maleinated natural oil is selected from the group consisting of maleinated avocado oil, maleinated coconut oil, maleinated corn oil, maleinated cottonseed oil, maleinated jojoba oil, maleinated linseed oil, maleinated nut oil, maleinated olive oil, maleinated palm oil, maleinated raisin oil, maleinated rapeseed oil, maleinated safflower oil, maleinated sesame oil, maleinated soybean oil, maleinated pumpkin oil, maleinated sunflower oil, maleinated almond oil, maleinated canola oil, maleinated linseed oil, maleinated grapeseed oil, maleinated palm oil, maleinated palm kernel oil, maleinated peanut oil, maleinated walnut oil, and mixtures thereof.

39. The dispersant composition according to claim 37, wherein the maleized natural oil is maleized soybean oil.

40. The dispersant composition according to claim 37, wherein the base is selected from the group consisting of inorganic bases, organic bases, and mixtures thereof.

41. The dispersant composition according to claim 37, wherein the inorganic base is selected from the group consisting of oxides of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, hydroxides of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, carbonates of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, bicarbonates of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, oxides of transition metals, hydroxides of transition metals, carbonates of transition metals, bicarbonates of transition metals, and combinations thereof.

42. The dispersant composition according to claim 37, wherein the inorganic base is selected from the group consisting of sodium, calcium oxides, hydroxides, carbonates, and bicarbonates, and combinations thereof.

43. The dispersant composition according to claim 41, wherein the alkali metal is selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, francium, and mixtures thereof.

44. The dispersant composition according to claim 41, wherein the alkaline earth metal is selected from the group consisting of beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, radium, and mixtures thereof.

45. The dispersant composition according to claim 41, wherein the transition metal is selected from the group consisting of scandium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, yttrium, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, technetium, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, cadmium, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, rhenium, osmium, iridium, platinum, gold, mercury, rutherfordium, dubnium, seaborgium, bohrium, hassium, meitnerium, dermstadtium, roentgenium, and mixtures thereof.

46. The dispersant composition according to claim 40, wherein the organic base is selected from the group consisting of ammonia, primary amines, secondary amines, pyridine, imidazole, benzimidazole, histidine, guanidine, and mixtures thereof.

47. The dispersant composition according to claim 37, wherein the hydrophobic portion is a portion selected from the group consisting of unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl and aryl alcohols and amines, silicon compounds and combinations thereof, which contain about 6 to about 36 carbon atoms and may contain heteroatoms.

48. The dispersant composition according to claim 37, wherein the hydrophilic portion is a portion selected from the group consisting of unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl and aryl alcohols and amines containing about 1 to about 5 carbon atoms and potentially containing heteroatoms, unsubstituted or substituted polyols and silanes containing about 2 to about 36 carbon atoms and potentially containing heteroatoms, and combinations thereof.

49. The dispersant composition according to claim 48, wherein the silane is functionalized with an alcohol, an amine, or a combination thereof.

50. The dispersant composition according to claim 47, wherein the hydrophobic portion is an alcohol portion selected from the group consisting of heptanol, nonanol, decanol, dodecanol, phenol, ethylbenzyl alcohol, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 1-octanol, 2-octanol, 2-octyl-1-dodecyl alcohol, 2-tetradecanol, 2-hexadecanol, 3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol, 2-propyl-1-pentanol, 4-methyl-1-pentanol, and mixtures thereof.

51. The dispersant composition according to claim 47, wherein the hydrophilic portion is an alcohol portion selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, dibutylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, methoxypolyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, hexylene glycol, sorbitol, neopentyl glycol, erythritol, mannitol, xylitol, sreitol, pentaerythritol, β-cyclodextrin, ribose, 2-deoxy-D-galactose, and mixtures thereof.

52. The dispersant composition according to claim 47, wherein the hydrophobic portion is an amine portion selected from the group consisting of benzylamine, cyclohexylamine, hexylamine, methylhexylamine, phenethylamine, octylamine, oleylamine, decylamine, dodecylamine, octadecylamine, undecylamine, pentadecylamine, 2-methylbutylamine, dimethylamine, and mixtures thereof.

53. The aforementioned hydrophilic portion is (i) at least one amine selected from the group consisting of 2-methylpentane-1,5-diamine, diethanolamine, diisopropanolamine, selinol, 2-amino-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol, N-methyl-D-glucosamine, D-galactosamine, D-glucosamine, D-mannosamine and their hydrochlorides, (ii) at least one amine selected from the group consisting of 2-methylpentane-1,5-diamine, diethanolamine, diisopropanolamine, selinol, 2-amino-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol, N-methyl-D-glucosamine, D-galactosamine, D-glucosamine, D-mannosamine, and ammonium salts thereof, according to claim 47.

54. The dispersant composition according to claim 47, wherein the silicon-based compound is a hydrophobic compound selected from the group consisting of aminopropylmethylsiloxane-dimethylsiloxane, N-ethylaminoisobutyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, poly(1,1-dimethylsilazane) telomer, aminopropyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, monoaminopropyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, (tetramethylpiperidinyloxy)propylmethylsiloxane-dimethylsiloxane copolymer, polydimethylsiloxane, carbinol(hydroxyl)-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, monocarbinol-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, monocarbinol-terminated functionalized polydimethylsiloxane, [bis(hydroxyethyl)amine]-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, silanol-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, silanol-terminated polydiphenylsiloxane, dodecylmethylsiloxane-hydroxypolyalkyleneoxypropylmethylsiloxane, and mixtures thereof.

55. The dispersant composition according to claim 48, wherein the silane is a hydrophilic compound selected from the group consisting of 3-aminopropylsilanetriol, N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropylsilanetriol, and mixtures thereof.

56. The reaction product has the following structure 【Chemistry 2-1】 【Chemistry 2-2】 [Chemistry 2-3] A dispersant composition according to claim 37, selected from the group of structures represented by and mixtures thereof.

57. The dispersant composition according to claim 37, wherein the dispersant composition is a personal care composition, a coating composition, a food coating composition, and a pharmaceutical coating composition.

58. The dispersant composition according to claim 37, further comprising at least one functional component selected from personal care agents, coating agents, food coating agents, pharmaceutical tablet coating agents, and dispersant coating agents.

59. (i) a dispersant composition according to claim 37 in an amount of about 0.1% by weight to about 10% by weight, and (ii) At least one solid particulate component in an amount of approximately 0.1% to approximately 70% by weight A coating dispersant composition comprising the following features.

60. The coating dispersant composition according to claim 59, further optionally comprising at least one liquid component selected from oils, esters, alcohols, and glycols.

61. The coating dispersant composition according to claim 59, wherein the solid particles are selected from the group consisting of graphite, barium sulfate, metal oxides, carbon black, calcium silicate, calcium carbonate, clay, hydrated aluminum oxide, indigo, kaolin, silica, talc, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide-isopropyl titanium triisostearate, zinc phthalocyanine, and mixtures thereof.

62. The dispersant composition according to claim 59, which is used in the preparation of a coating composition selected from building coatings, metal coatings, marine coatings, paints, decorative paints, interior paints, exterior paints, nonwoven fabric coatings, ceramic coatings, corrosion-resistant coatings, flame-retardant coatings, protective coatings, powder coatings, wood coatings, industrial coatings, antifouling coatings, antibacterial coatings, heat insulating coatings, water-based coatings, and solvent-based coatings.

63. The coating composition according to claim 59, wherein the dispersant composition is used for lacquer coatings, primer coatings, inkjet printing, top coatings, varnish coatings, architectural coatings, wood coatings, printing inks, or metal or non-metal coatings.

64. The coating composition according to claim 59, wherein the dispersant composition is coated onto a substrate selected from the group consisting of porous and non-porous substrates, paper, nonwoven materials, fibers, leather, wood, concrete, stone, metals, nonmetals, house wrap, building materials, glass fibers, polymer products, face masks, medical drapes and gowns, carpets, upholstery, tents, awnings, airbags, fabrics, ceramics, yarns and blends, woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, natural, synthetic and recycled substrates.

65. The coating dispersant composition according to claim 59, wherein the dispersant is a reaction product of (a) a maleized natural oil comprising a natural oil having a maleated functional group, (b) a base selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide and mixtures thereof, and (c) 2-octyldodecyl alcohol, glycerol or a combination thereof, wherein the maleated functional group partially reacts with the base, and the maleated functional group partially reacts with 2-octyldodecyl alcohol or glycerol.

66. (i) a dispersant composition according to claim 37 in an amount of about 0.1% by weight to about 10% by weight, and (ii) At least one solid particulate component in an amount of approximately 0.1% to approximately 70% by weight A dispersant composition for personal care, comprising the following features.

67. The personal care dispersant composition according to claim 66, wherein the solid particles are graphite, barium sulfate, metal oxides, carbon black, calcium silicate, calcium carbonate, clay, hydrated aluminum oxide, indigo, kaolin, silica, talc, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide-isopropyl titanium triisostearate, zinc phthalocyanine, and mixtures thereof.

68. The personal care dispersant composition according to claim 66, wherein the personal care composition is a skin care composition, a hair care composition, and a nail care composition.

69. The personal care dispersant composition according to claim 66, wherein the personal care composition is a cosmetic composition selected from the group consisting of an eyeliner composition, a foundation composition, a long-wear intense lipstick composition, a clay mask composition, a volume curl mascara composition, a carbon black mascara composition, a pressed powder composition, a blush composition, a lip gloss composition, an eyeshadow composition, and an SPF composition.

70. The dispersant composition according to claim 66, which is used in the preparation of a personal care composition selected from the group comprising foundation, long-wear intense lipstick, clay mask, volume curl mascara, carbon black mascara, pressed powder, blush, lip gloss, eyeshadow, and SPF fluid shake.

71. The personal care dispersant composition according to claim 66, wherein the composition is an emulsion selected from oil-in-water emulsions and water-in-oil emulsions.

72. The personal care dispersant composition according to claim 66, further optionally comprising at least one liquid component selected from oils, esters, alcohols, and glycols.

73. The personal care dispersant composition according to claim 66, wherein the dispersant is a reaction product of (a) a maleized natural oil comprising a maleated functional group, (b) a base selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide and mixtures thereof, and (c) 2-octyldodecyl alcohol, glycerol or a combination thereof, wherein the maleated functional group partially reacts with the base, and the maleated functional group partially reacts with 2-octyldodecyl alcohol or glycerol.

74. (i) a dispersant composition according to claim 37 in an amount of about 0.1 to about 10% by weight, and (ii) At least one solid particulate component in an amount of approximately 0.1 to approximately 70% by weight A dispersant composition for color cosmetics comprising the following features.

75. The dispersant composition for color cosmetics according to claim 74, wherein the solid particles are graphite, barium sulfate, metal oxides, carbon black, calcium silicate, calcium carbonate, clay, hydrated aluminum oxide, indigo, kaolin, silica, talc, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide-isopropyl titanium triisostearate, zinc phthalocyanine, and mixtures thereof.

76. The dispersant composition for color cosmetics according to claim 74, wherein the color cosmetics are selected from the group comprising cleansing foam cream, massage cream, pack, skin lotion, milky lotion, sunscreen, foundation, white powder, eyeshadow, blush, eyeliner, mascara, eyebrow products, concealer, lipstick, and lip gloss.

77. The dispersant composition for personal care according to claim 74, wherein the dispersant is a reaction product of (a) a maleized natural oil comprising a natural oil having a maleated functional group, (b) a base selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide and mixtures thereof, and (c) 2-octyldodecyl alcohol, glycerol or a combination thereof, wherein the maleated functional group partially reacts with the base, and the maleated functional group partially reacts with 2-octyldodecyl alcohol or glycerol.

78. (A) Maleated natural oil comprising a natural oil having a maleating functional group, and (B) A functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety selected from the group consisting of hydrophobic moieties, hydrophilic moieties, and combinations thereof, wherein the maleated functional group is partially reacted with the functionalized or unfunctionalized moiety, and (C) A dispersant composition comprising a reaction product with a base.

79. The reaction product has the following structural formula: 【Transformation 3】 It is represented as, R is one or more hydrophilic or hydrophobic moieties selected from the group consisting of unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, aryl, and alkaryl moieties containing about 1 to about 36 carbon atoms. Each Q is independently selected from the group consisting of H, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr, 1 / 2Mg, 1 / 2Ca, 1 / 2Co, 1 / 2Cu, 1 / 2Zn, ammonium, alkylammonium, dialkylammonium, trialkylammonium, and tetraalkylammonium. The dispersant composition according to claim 78.

80. The reaction product has the following structure: 【Chemistry 4】 It is a polymer represented by, n is greater than 1, R is one or more hydrophilic or hydrophobic moieties selected from the group consisting of unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, aryl, and alkaryl groups containing about 1 to about 36 carbon atoms. Each Q is independently selected from the group consisting of H, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr, 1 / 2Mg, 1 / 2Ca, 1 / 2Co, 1 / 2Cu, 1 / 2Zn, ammonium, alkylammonium, dialkylammonium, trialkylammonium, and tetraalkylammonium. The dispersant composition according to claim 78.

81. The reaction product has the following structure: 【Transformation 5】 A dispersant composition according to claim 79, selected from the group of structures represented by the following.

82. The reaction product has the following structure: 【Transformation 6】 A polymer selected from the group of structures represented by the following: 1 < n < 30, The dispersant composition according to claim 80.

83. The dispersant composition according to claim 80, wherein the reaction product is a polymer having a weight-average molecular weight of about 3,000 daltons to about 20,000 daltons and a weight-average degree of polymerization n of about 3 to about 20.

84. The dispersant composition according to claim 80, wherein the reaction product is a polymer having a viscosity in the range of about 100 to 10,000 cps as measured by a Brookfield viscometer at 25°C.

85. The dispersant composition according to claim 78, which is a dispersant composition, a personal care composition, a coating composition, a food coating composition, and a pharmaceutical coating composition.

86. The dispersant composition according to claim 78, further comprising at least one functional component selected from personal care agents, coating agents, food coating agents, pharmaceutical tablet coating agents, and dispersant coating agents.

87. (i) a dispersant composition according to claim 78 in an amount of about 0.1 to about 10% by weight, and (ii) At least one solid particulate component in an amount of approximately 0.1 to approximately 70% by weight A coating dispersant composition comprising the following features.

88. The coating dispersant composition according to claim 87, further optionally comprising at least one liquid component selected from oils, esters, alcohols, and glycols.

89. The coating dispersant composition according to claim 87, wherein the solid particles are selected from the group consisting of graphite, barium sulfate, metal oxides, carbon black, calcium silicate, calcium carbonate, clay, hydrated aluminum oxide, indigo, kaolin, silica, talc, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide-isopropyl titanium triisostearate, zinc phthalocyanine, and mixtures thereof.

90. The dispersant composition according to claim 87, wherein the dispersant composition is used to prepare a coating composition selected from the group consisting of building coatings, metal coatings, marine coatings, paints, decorative paints, interior paints, exterior paints, nonwoven fabric coatings, ceramic coatings, corrosion-resistant coatings, flame-retardant coatings, protective coatings, powder coatings, wood coatings, industrial coatings, antifouling coatings, antibacterial coatings, heat insulating coatings, water-based coatings, and solvent-based coatings.

91. The coating composition according to claim 87, wherein the dispersant composition is used for lacquer coatings, primer coatings, inkjet printing, top coatings, varnish coatings, architectural coatings, wood coatings, printing inks, or metal or non-metal coatings.

92. The coating composition according to claim 87, wherein the dispersant composition is coated onto a substrate selected from the group consisting of porous and non-porous substrates, paper, nonwoven materials, fibers, leather, wood, concrete, stone, metals, nonmetals, house wrap, building materials, glass fibers, polymer products, face masks, medical drapes and gowns, carpets, upholstery, tents, awnings, airbags, fabrics, ceramics, yarns and blends, woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, natural, synthetic and recycled substrates.

93. (i) a dispersant composition according to claim 78 in an amount of about 0.1 to about 10% by weight, and (ii) At least one solid particulate component in an amount of approximately 0.1 to approximately 70% by weight A dispersant composition for personal care, comprising the following features.

94. The personal care dispersant composition according to claim 93, wherein the solid particles are graphite, barium sulfate, metal oxides, carbon black, calcium silicate, calcium carbonate, clay, hydrated aluminum oxide, indigo, kaolin, silica, talc, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide-isopropyl titanium triisostearate, zinc phthalocyanine, and mixtures thereof.

95. The personal care dispersant composition according to claim 93, wherein the personal care composition is a skin care composition, a hair care composition, and a nail care composition.

96. The personal care dispersant composition according to claim 93, wherein the personal care composition is a cosmetic composition selected from the group consisting of an eyeliner composition, a foundation composition, a long-wear intense lipstick composition, a clay mask composition, a volume curl mascara composition, a carbon black mascara composition, a pressed powder composition, a blush composition, a lip gloss composition, an eyeshadow composition, and an SPF composition.

97. The dispersant composition according to claim 93, which is used in the preparation of a personal care composition selected from the group comprising foundation, long-wear intense lipstick, clay mask, volume curl mascara, carbon black mascara, pressed powder, blush, lip gloss, eyeshadow, and SPF fluid shake.

98. The personal care dispersant composition according to claim 93, wherein the composition is an emulsion selected from oil-in-water emulsions and water-in-oil emulsions.

99. The personal care dispersant composition according to claim 93, further optionally comprising at least one liquid component selected from oils, esters, alcohols, and glycols.

100. (i) a dispersant composition according to claim 78 in an amount of about 0.1 to about 10% by weight, and (ii) At least one solid particulate component in an amount of approximately 0.1 to approximately 70% by weight A dispersant composition for color cosmetics comprising the following features.

101. The dispersant composition according to claim 100, wherein the solid particles are graphite, barium sulfate, metal oxides, carbon black, calcium silicate, calcium carbonate, clay, hydrated aluminum oxide, indigo, kaolin, silica, talc, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide-isopropyl titanium triisostearate, zinc phthalocyanine, and mixtures thereof.

102. The dispersant composition for color cosmetics according to claim 100, wherein the color cosmetics are selected from the group comprising cleansing foam cream, massage cream, pack, skin lotion, milky lotion, sunscreen, foundation, white powder, eyeshadow, blush, eyeliner, mascara, eyebrow products, concealer, lipstick, and lip gloss.

103. (a) Maleated natural oils comprising natural oils having maleating functional groups, and (b) base A dispersant composition comprising at least one dispersant, which contains the reaction product of the following:

104. The dispersant composition according to claim 103, wherein the reaction product comprises the maleated functional group that has reacted completely or partially with the base.

105. The dispersant composition according to claim 103, wherein the base is selected from the group consisting of inorganic bases, organic bases, and mixtures thereof.

106. The dispersant composition according to claim 105, wherein the inorganic base is selected from the group consisting of oxides of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, hydroxides of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, carbonates of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, bicarbonates of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, oxides of transition metals, and combinations thereof.

107. The dispersant composition according to claim 105, wherein the organic base is selected from the group consisting of ammonia, primary amines, secondary amines, pyridine, imidazole, benzimidazole, histidine, guanidine, and mixtures thereof.

108. The dispersant composition according to claim 106, wherein the alkali metal is selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, francium, and mixtures thereof.

109. The dispersant composition according to claim 106, wherein the alkaline earth metal is selected from the group consisting of beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, radium, and mixtures thereof.

110. The dispersant composition according to claim 106, wherein the transition metal is selected from the group consisting of scandium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, yttrium, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, technetium, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, cadmium, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, rhenium, osmium, iridium, platinum, gold, mercury, rutherfordium, dubnium, seaborgium, bohrium, hassium, meitnerium, dermstadtium, roentgenium, and oxides, hydroxides, carbonates or bicarbonates of mixtures thereof.

111. The dispersant composition according to claim 106, wherein the inorganic base is selected from the group consisting of sodium, calcium oxides, hydroxides, carbonates, and bicarbonates, and combinations thereof.

112. The dispersant composition according to claim 102, wherein the maleinated natural oil is selected from the group consisting of maleinated avocado oil, maleinated coconut oil, maleinated corn oil, maleinated cottonseed oil, maleinated jojoba oil, maleinated linseed oil, maleinated nut oil, maleinated olive oil, maleinated palm oil, maleinated raisin oil, maleinated rapeseed oil, maleinated safflower oil, maleinated sesame oil, maleinated soybean oil, maleinated pumpkin oil, maleinated sunflower oil, maleinated almond oil, maleinated canola oil, maleinated linseed oil, maleinated grapeseed oil, maleinated palm oil, maleinated palm kernel oil, maleinated peanut oil, maleinated walnut oil, and mixtures thereof.

113. The dispersant composition according to claim 103, wherein the maleized natural oil is maleized soybean oil and the base is sodium hydroxide.

114. The reaction product comprises a maleated functional group that has reacted completely or partially with the base, and has the following structure: 【Chemistry 7-1】 【Chemistry 7-2】 and a dispersant composition according to claim 103, selected from the group of structures comprising mixtures thereof.

115. The dispersant composition according to claim 103, wherein the dispersant composition is a personal care composition, a coating composition, a food coating composition, and a pharmaceutical coating composition.

116. The dispersant composition according to claim 103, further comprising at least one functional component selected from personal care agents, coating agents, food coating agents, pharmaceutical tablet coating agents, and dispersant coating agents.

117. (i) a dispersant composition according to claim 103 in an amount of about 0.1 to about 10% by weight, and (ii) At least one solid particulate component in an amount of approximately 0.1 to approximately 70% by weight A coating dispersant composition comprising the following features.

118. The coating dispersant composition according to claim 117, further optionally comprising at least one liquid component selected from oils, esters, alcohols, and glycols.

119. The coating dispersant composition according to claim 117, wherein the solid particles are selected from the group consisting of graphite, barium sulfate, metal oxides, carbon black, calcium silicate, calcium carbonate, clay, hydrated aluminum oxide, indigo, kaolin, silica, talc, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide-isopropyl titanium triisostearate, zinc phthalocyanine, and mixtures thereof.

120. The dispersant composition according to claim 117, which is used to prepare a coating composition selected from the group consisting of building coatings, metal coatings, marine coatings, paints, decorative paints, interior paints, exterior paints, nonwoven fabric coatings, ceramic coatings, corrosion-resistant coatings, flame-retardant coatings, protective coatings, powder coatings, wood coatings, industrial coatings, antifouling coatings, antibacterial coatings, heat insulating coatings, water-based coatings, and solvent-based coatings.

121. The coating composition according to claim 117, wherein the dispersant composition is used for lacquer coatings, primer coatings, inkjet printing, top coatings, varnish coatings, architectural coatings, wood coatings, printing inks, or metal or non-metal coatings.

122. The coating composition according to claim 117, wherein the dispersant composition is coated onto a substrate selected from the group consisting of porous and non-porous substrates, paper, nonwoven materials, fibers, leather, wood, concrete, stone, metals, nonmetals, house wrap, building materials, glass fibers, polymer products, face masks, medical drapes and gowns, carpets, upholstery, tents, awnings, airbags, fabrics, ceramics, yarns and blends, woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, natural, synthetic and recycled substrates.

123. The coating dispersant composition according to claim 117, wherein the dispersant is a reaction product of (b) a maleized soybean oil comprising soybean oil having a maleating functional group, and a base selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide, and a mixture thereof.

124. (i) a dispersant composition according to claim 103 in an amount of about 0.1 to about 10% by weight, and (ii) At least one solid particulate component in an amount of approximately 0.1 to approximately 70% by weight A dispersant composition for personal care, comprising the following features.

125. The personal care dispersant composition according to claim 124, wherein the solid particles are graphite, barium sulfate, metal oxides, carbon black, calcium silicate, calcium carbonate, clay, hydrated aluminum oxide, indigo, kaolin, silica, talc, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide-isopropyl titanium triisostearate, zinc phthalocyanine, and mixtures thereof.

126. The personal care dispersant composition according to claim 124, wherein the personal care composition is a skin care composition, a hair care composition, and a nail care composition.

127. The personal care dispersant composition according to claim 124, wherein the personal care composition is a cosmetic composition selected from the group consisting of an eyeliner composition, a foundation composition, a long-wear intense lipstick composition, a clay mask composition, a volume curl mascara composition, a carbon black mascara composition, a pressed powder composition, a blush composition, a lip gloss composition, an eyeshadow composition, and an SPF composition.

128. The dispersant composition according to claim 124, wherein the dispersant composition is used in the preparation of a personal care composition selected from the group comprising foundation, long-wear intense lipstick, clay mask, volume curl mascara, carbon black mascara, pressed powder, blush, lip gloss, eyeshadow, and SPF fluid shake.

129. The personal care dispersant composition according to claim 124, wherein the composition is an emulsion selected from oil-in-water emulsions and water-in-oil emulsions.

130. The personal care dispersant composition according to claim 124, further optionally comprising at least one liquid component selected from oils, esters, alcohols, and glycols.

131. The coating dispersant composition according to claim 124, wherein the dispersant is a reaction product of (b) a maleized soybean oil comprising soybean oil having a maleating functional group, and a base selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide, and a mixture thereof.

132. (i) a dispersant composition according to claim 103 in an amount of about 0.1 to about 10% by weight, and (ii) At least one solid particulate component in an amount of approximately 0.1 to approximately 70% by weight A dispersant composition for color cosmetics comprising the following features.

133. The dispersant composition for color cosmetics according to claim 132, wherein the solid particles are graphite, barium sulfate, metal oxides, carbon black, calcium silicate, calcium carbonate, clay, hydrated aluminum oxide, indigo, kaolin, silica, talc, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide-isopropyl titanium triisostearate, zinc phthalocyanine, and mixtures thereof.

134. The dispersant composition for color cosmetics according to claim 132, wherein the color cosmetics are selected from the group comprising cleansing foam cream, massage cream, pack, skin lotion, milky lotion, sunscreen, foundation, white powder, eyeshadow, blush, eyeliner, mascara, eyebrow products, concealer, lipstick, and lip gloss.

135. The coating dispersant composition according to claim 132, wherein the dispersant is a reaction product of (b) a maleized soybean oil comprising soybean oil having a maleating functional group, and a base selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide, and a mixture thereof.

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