Rubber composition for pneumatic tires and pneumatic tires manufactured therefrom

Abstract

A rubber composition for pneumatic tires, and a pneumatic tire manufactured therefrom, wherein the rubber composition comprises a copolymer of styrene and butadiene (SBR), a plasticizer system containing a hydrocarbon resin, and a filler system containing silica.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a rubber composition for pneumatic tires, the use of the rubber composition in the manufacture of pneumatic tires, and pneumatic tires comprising or prepared from the rubber composition. Pneumatic tires are suitable for passenger cars. [Background technology]

[0002] When designing pneumatic tires for automobiles, it is necessary to ensure that the tires have characteristics that are sufficiently suitable for the intended use by the end user. It will be understood that different end uses may require different characteristics. Therefore, there may be a need to maximize certain characteristics while ensuring that other characteristics are not excessively compromised. In other words, it may be necessary to ensure a desirable balance of certain characteristics.

[0003] For specific end-use applications, pneumatic tires should be able to demonstrate strong performance across different road conditions. For example, the tire should exhibit good dry handling while also providing strong wet traction and braking, achieving high performance on both wet and dry surfaces. Therefore, a desirable balance between wet and dry performance is necessary. At the same time, the tire's wear resistance should, ideally, remain high.

[0004] The manufacture of such tires presents a particular challenge for tire designers because it is necessary to balance different properties. The components, their amounts, and relative ratios in the rubber composition used to manufacture the tire must be carefully controlled. Rubber compositions for tires are known in the art, for example, in EP2643401 B1, EP2643403 B1, EP3414284 B1, US10689507, and WO2013 / 039499. However, there is still a need in the art to provide pneumatic tires that better optimize both wet and dry handling performance while maintaining other properties such as wear resistance at desirable levels. [Overview of the Initiative]

[0005] The inventors have discovered that wet handling performance and / or dry handling performance can be optimized by controlling the amount of specific components present in the rubber composition and / or their relative ratios. Furthermore, abrasion resistance can also be maintained at a good level.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention relates to a rubber composition for pneumatic tires, and further: A copolymer of styrene and butadiene (SBR), with a glass transition temperature of less than -20°C. Tg A copolymer of styrene and butadiene (SBR) having and being optionally functionalized, A plasticizer system comprising one or more hydrocarbon resins, wherein the total amount of hydrocarbon resins in the rubber composition is at least 45 phr, A filler system, with at least 150 m 2 g -1 A filler system comprising one or more silicas, including a first silica having a CTAB surface area, and optionally one or more additional fillers, wherein the first silica is present in the rubber composition in an amount of at least 110 phr, The rubber composition in question has a ratio of at least 1.75:1 between the total amount of fillers and the total amount of plasticizers, based on parts per 100 parts (phr) of rubber in the rubber composition.

[0007] In a second aspect, the present invention relates to the use of the rubber compositions described herein in the manufacture of pneumatic tires.

[0008] In a third aspect, the present invention relates to a pneumatic tire comprising the rubber composition described herein.

[0009] In a fourth aspect, the present invention relates to a pneumatic tire prepared from the rubber compositions described herein.

[0010] Further advantageous features of the present invention are described below in the description, drawings, and dependent claims. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0011] [Figure 1] The E' (30°C) and tanδ (0~30°C) data for specific embodiments and specific comparative embodiments of the present invention are shown. The legend indicates the ratio of the total amount of filler system to the total amount of plasticizer system, based on parts per 100 parts (phr) of rubber in the rubber composition, for each data point. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0012] This invention is partly based on the inventors' discovery that the E'(30°) and / or tanδ(0~30°C) performance can be optimized by controlling the amount of silica and / or hydrocarbon resin present in the rubber composition. The inventors have also found that the balance between the E'(30°) performance and the tanδ(0~30°C) performance can be optimized by controlling the amount of fillers and plasticizers in the rubber composition on a basis of parts per 100 parts (phr), and the ratio of the total amount of the filler system to the total amount of the plasticizer system. Furthermore, good abrasion resistance can also be maintained. Therefore, the rubber composition of the present invention exhibits a highly desirable balance of properties that makes it very suitable for pneumatic tires.

[0013] In accordance with the above, in one aspect of the present invention, a rubber composition for pneumatic tires, the following: A copolymer of styrene and butadiene (SBR), wherein the glass transition temperature (T) is less than -20°C. g A copolymer of styrene and butadiene (SBR) having ) and being optionally functionalized, A plasticizer system comprising one or more hydrocarbon resins, wherein the total amount of hydrocarbon resins in the rubber composition is at least 45 phr, A filler system, with at least 150 m 2 g -1 A filler system comprising one or more silicas, including a first silica having a CTAB surface area, and optionally one or more additional fillers, wherein the first silica is present in the rubber composition in an amount of at least 110 phr, The present invention provides a rubber composition in which the ratio of the total amount of filler system to the total amount of plasticizer system, based on parts per 100 parts (phr) of rubber in the rubber composition, is at least 1.75:1.

[0014] Elastomer Rubber composition, glass transition temperature (T) below -20°C g It comprises optionally functionalized styrene-butadiene copolymers (SBR) having ).

[0015] Preferably, the copolymer of styrene and butadiene is emulsion SBR or eSBR (i.e., SBR prepared by emulsion polymerization), solution SBR or sSBR (i.e., SBR prepared by solution polymerization), or a mixture of both.

[0016] Preferably, the T of the copolymer of styrene and butadiene g is less than -30°C, preferably less than -40°C, more preferably less than -50°C. Preferably, the T of the copolymer with the copolymer of styrene and butadiene g is from -90°C to -20°C, more preferably from -75°C to -40°C, even more preferably from -60°C to -50°C. For example, the T of the copolymer of styrene and butadiene g can be -60°C, -59°C, -58°C, -57°C, -56°C, -55°C, -54°C, -53°C, -52°C, -51°C, or -50°C.

[0017] Those skilled in the art recognize how the structure of the copolymer can be changed to adjust T g to the required value.

[0018] The copolymer of styrene and butadiene (SBR) can preferably be functionalized. The copolymer of styrene and butadiene (SBR) can preferably contain one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of alcohol, epoxide, carboxyl, ester, amide, amine, imine, imide, nitrile, oxime, thiol, sulfide, sulfoxide, sulfone, sulfinic acid, sulfonic acid, sulfonic acid ester, thiocarboxylic acid, thioester, silane, alkoxysilane, aminosilane, and silanol.

[0019] Preferably, SBR is functionalized with a silicon-containing group. For example, SBR can preferably contain one or more functional groups selected from silane, silyl ether, alkoxysilane, siloxane, aminosilane, iminosilane, and silanol.

[0020] A copolymer of styrene and butadiene can be functionalized with carboxyl groups, preferably terminal carboxyl groups. These carboxyl groups may have a structure according to formula (I):

[0021] [ka] During the ceremony, R1 and R2 are the same or different, and each is independently a hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, cycloalkoxy, aryl, aryloxy, alkylaryl, alkylaryloxy, aralkyl, or aralkoxy group, which may contain one or more heteroatoms, preferably one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, N, S, and Si. R3 and R4 are the same or different, and each is independently a hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, alkaryl, or aralkyl group, which may contain one or more heteroatoms, preferably one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, N, S, and Si. A is a divalent organic group, which may be one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of an alkylene group, O, NR7, S, and SiR8R9, or an alkylene group containing one or more heteroatoms. Preferably, the heteroatoms are one or more selected from the group consisting of O, NR7, S, and SiR8R9, R7 is hydrogen or a C1-C6 linear alkyl group, and R8 and R9 are the same or different, and each is independently a C1-C6 linear alkyl group.

[0022] In equation (I), R1 and R2 are, independently, hydrogen, C1-C 12 Linear or branched alkyl, C2-C 12 Linear or branched alkenyl, C1-C 12 Linear or branched alkoxy, C3-C 12 Cycloalkyl, C2~C 12 Cycloalkoxy, C6~C 12 Aryl, C6~C 12 Aryloxy, C7~C 14Arylalkyl, C7~C 14 Alkylaryl, C6~C 24 Alkylaryloxy, C5~C 24 Aralkil, or C6~C 24 It may be an aralkoxy group. Preferably, R1 and R2 are each independently a C1-C6 linear or branched alkyl, a C2-C6 linear or branched alkenyl, a C1-C6 linear or branched alkoxy, or a C3-C 12 Cycloalkyl, C2~C 12 Cycloalkoxy, or C6-C 12 It may be an aryl group. Preferably, R1 and R2 are each independently a C1-C6 linear or branched alkyl, a C2-C6 linear or branched alkenyl, a C1-C6 linear or branched alkoxy, or a C6-C 12 They may be aryl groups. Preferably, R1 and R2 may each independently be a C1-C3 linear or branched alkyl group, a C2-C3 linear or branched alkenyl group, a C1-C3 linear or branched alkoxy group, or a C6 aryl group. For example, R1 and R2 may each independently be a methyl, tert-butyl, propa-1-enyl, ethoxy, or phenyl group. More preferably, R1 and R2 are methyl groups.

[0023] R3 and R4 are independently hydrogen, C1~C 12 Linear or branched alkyl, C3-C 12 Cycloalkyl, C6~C 12 Aryl, C5~C 24 Aralkil, or C5~C 24 It may be an alkaryl group. Preferably, R3 and R4 are each independently hydrogen, a C1-C6 linear or branched alkyl group, a C2-C6 linear or branched alkenyl group, a C1-C6 linear or branched alkoxy group, or a C6-C6 group. 12 It may be an aryl group. More preferably, R3 and R4 may each be independently a hydrogen or a methyl group. In certain embodiments, R3 / R4 and "A" together form a C6 aryl group.

[0024] "A" can independently be a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C6 linear alkyl group, one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted C1-C6 linear alkyl groups, O, NR7, S, and SiR8R9, or a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C6 linear alkyl group containing one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, NR7, S, and SiR8R9. Preferably, "A" can independently be a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C3 linear alkyl group, one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted C1-C3 linear alkyl groups, O, NR7, S, and SiR8R9, or a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C3 linear alkyl group containing one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, NR7, S, and SiR8R9. If "A" is substituted, it can be a C1-C6 linear alkyl group and a C6-C 12 It can be substituted with one or more groups selected from the group consisting of aryl groups. Preferably, "A" can be substituted with a C1-C3 linear alkyl group or a C6 aryl group. More preferably, "A" can be substituted with a C1 group. R7 can be hydrogen, a C1-C6 linear alkyl group, such as methyl or trimethylsilyl. R8 and R9 can independently be a C1-C6 linear alkyl group, such as methyl. Preferably, A is a C2 alkyl group containing a sulfur atom. The structure of "A" as a C2 alkyl group containing a sulfur atom is shown below.

[0025] [ka]

[0026] The carboxyl group can exist as a carboxylate of formula (II):

[0027] [ka] During the ceremony, R1 and R2 are as defined above for equation (I), R3 and R4 are as defined above for equation (I), A is defined above for equation (I), M is a metal or metalloid with a valency of 1 to 4, such as Li, Na, K, Mg, Ca, Zn, Fe, Co, Ni, Al, Nd, Ti, Sn, Si, Zr, V, Mo, or W. n is an integer between 1 and 4.

[0028] In the compound of formula (II), M can be Li and n can be 1.

[0029] The further definitions of R1, R2, R3, R4, R7, R8, and R9 in equation (II) are the same as the definitions given above for equation (I).

[0030] Functionalized SBR can preferably be obtained by reacting an SSBR copolymer with one or more functionalizing reagents in the form of silalactones. The silalactone may be a compound of formula (III):

[0031] [ka] During the ceremony, R1 and R2 are as defined above for equation (I), R3 and R4 are as defined above for equation (I); A is as defined above for equation (I).

[0032] Further definitions of R1, R2, R3, R4, R7, R8, and R9 in equation (III) are as described above for equation (I).

[0033] Advantageously, the silalactone of formula (III) is 2,2-dimethyl-1-oxa-2-silacyclohexane-6-one, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1-oxa-2-silacyclohexane-6-one, 2,2,5-trimethyl-1-oxa-2-silacyclohexane-6-one, 2,2,4,5-tetramethyl-1-oxa-2-silacyclohexane-6-one, 2,2-diethyl-1-oxa-2-silacyclohexane-8-one, 2,2-diethoxy-1-oxa-2-silacyclohexane-6-one, 2,2-dimethyl -1,4-dioxa-2-silacyclohexane-6-one, 2,2,5-trimethyl-1,4-dioxa-2-silacyclohexane-6-one, 2,2,3,3-tetramethyl-1,4-dioxa-2-silacyclohexane-6-one, 2,2-dimethyl-1-oxa-4-thia-2-silacyclohexane-6-one, 2,2-diethyl-1-oxa-4-thia-2-silacyclohexane-6-one, 2,2-diphenyl-1-oxa-4-thia-2-silacyclohexane-6-one, 2-methyl-2-ethyl-1-oxa S-4-thia-2-silacyclohexane-6-one, 2,2,5-trimethyl-1-oxa-4-thia-2-silacyclohexane-6-one, 2,2-dimethyl-1-oxa-4-aza-2-silacyclohexane-6-one, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1-oxa-4-aza-2-silacyclohexane-6-one, 2,4-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1-oxa-4-aza-2-silacyclohexane-6-one, 2,2-dimethyl-4-trimethylsilyl-1-oxa-4-aza-2-silacyclohexane-8-one, 2 ,2-diethoxy-4-methyl-1-oxa-4-aza-2-silacyclohexane-6-one, 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1-oxa-2,4-disilacyclohexane-8-one, 3,4-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-1H-2,3-benzoxacillin-1-one, 2,2-dimethyl-1-oxa-2-silacyclopentan-5-one, 2,2,3-trimethyl-1-oxa-2-silacyclopenten-5-one, 2,2-dimethyl-4-phenyl-1-oxa-2-silacyclopentan-5-one, 2,2,It may be one or more selected from the group consisting of 4-(tert-butyl)-1-oxa-2-silacyclopentan-5-one, 2-methyl-2-(2-propen-1-yl)-1-oxa-2-silacyclopentan-5-one, 1,1-dimethyl-2,1-benzoxasilol-3(1H)-one, and 2,2-methyl-1-oxa-2-silacyclopentan-7-one. Preferably, the silalactone of formula (III) is 2,2-dimethyl-1-oxa-4-thia-2-silacyclohexane-6-one. The structure of 2,2-dimethyl-1-oxa-4-thia-2-silacyclohexane-6-one is shown below.

[0034] [ka]

[0035] The carboxyl group may preferably be bonded to the SBR copolymer via one or more divalent structural elements of formula (V):

[0036] [ka] During the ceremony, n is an integer between 3 and 6. R5 and R6 are identical or different, and each is independently a hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, alkaryl, or aralkyl radical. This may contain one or more heteroatoms, preferably one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, N, S, or Si.

[0037] If divalent structural elements are present, the SBR copolymer is bonded at the silicon ends of the divalent structural elements as follows:

[0038] [ka]

[0039] The silane-containing carboxyl group of formula (I) or (II) is bonded to the oxygen terminus of the divalent structural element of formula (V) if a divalent structural element is present.

[0040] The divalent structural element of formula (V) can be derived from cyclosiloxanes, such as the cyclosiloxane of formula (IV):

[0041] [ka] During the ceremony, n is as defined above for equation (V), R5 and R6 are as defined above for equation (V).

[0042] R5 and R6 are independently hydrogen, C1-C 12 Linear or branched alkyl, C3-C 12 Cycloalkyl, C6~C 12 Aryl, C7~C 14 Aralkil, or C7~C 14 It may be an alkaryl group. Preferably, R5 and R6 may each be independently a C1-C6 linear or branched alkyl group, preferably a C1-C3 linear alkyl group, and more preferably a methyl group.

[0043] The divalent structural element of formula (V) can be derived from one or more selected from the group consisting of hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, and dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane. Preferably, the divalent structural element is derived from hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane.

[0044] It is particularly advantageous that the SBR copolymer is terminated with carboxyl groups derived from 2,2-dimethyl-1-oxa-4-thia-2-silacyclohexane-6-one, which are bonded to the polymer via divalent structural elements derived from hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane. In this embodiment, the carboxyl groups of formula (I) (having R1, R2, R3, and R4 as methyl groups, and "A" as a C2 alkyl group containing the above-mentioned S atom) are bonded to the copolymer by divalent structural elements according to formula (V), where R5 and R6 are methyl groups and n is 3.

[0045] SBR can be functionalized with a group having a structure according to formula (X):

[0046] [ka] During the ceremony, A is C1~C 12 Alkylene group, or C1-C 12 It is an alkenylene group, R 10 , and R 11 C1~C 12 Alkyl alkyl groups, C1-C 12 Alkenyl group, and C1-C 12 Selected independently of the alkoxy group, R 12 , and R 13 C1~C 12 Alkyl, and -SiR 14 R 15 R 16 Selected independently from the base, R 14 , R 15 , and R 16 C1~C 12 Alkyl alkyl groups, C1-C 12 Alkenyl group, C1-C 12 Independently selected from the alkoxy group, or R 12 , and the nitrogen atom to which it is bonded is branched or unbranched C3~C 12 It is a secondary imino group, and R 13 It does not exist.

[0047] Preferably, in the formula, A is a C1-C 12 alkylene group, R 10 , and R 11 is independently selected from a C1-C 12 alkyl group and a C1-C 12 alkoxy group, R 12 , and R 13 is -SiR 14 R 15 R 16 group, and R 14 R 15 R 16 is independently selected from a C1-C 12 alkyl group, a C1-C 12 alkenyl group, and a C1-C 12 alkoxy group, or R 12 , and the nitrogen atom to which it is attached is a branched or unbranched C3-C 12 secondary imino group, and R 13 is absent.

[0048] More preferably, in the formula, A is a C2-C4 alkylene group, R 10 is a C1-C4 alkoxy group, R 11 is a C1-C4 alkyl group or a C1-C4 alkoxy group, R 12 , and R 13 are each a -SiR 14 R 15 R 16 group, where R 14 R 15 and R 16 are each independently a C1-C4 alkyl group, or R 12 , and the nitrogen atom to which it is attached is a branched C3-C6 secondary imino group, and, R 13 is absent.

[0049] Even more preferably, in the formula, A is a C2-C4 alkylene group, R 10 is a C1-C4 alkoxy group, and R 11 is a C1-C4 alkyl group or a C1-C4 alkoxy group, R 12 , and R 13 are each -SiR 14 R 15 R 16 groups, where in the formula, R 14 R 15 , and R 16 are C1-C3 alkyl groups, or R 12 , and the nitrogen atom to which it is attached is a branched C6 secondary imino group, and R 13 is absent.

[0050] Preferably, the SBR copolymer can have a styrene content of 1 wt% to 40 wt% of the SBR copolymer. Preferably, the SBR copolymer can have a styrene content of 2 wt% to 20 wt%, more preferably 5 wt% to 15 wt%, even more preferably 7 to 13 wt%, for example, 9 wt%, 10 wt%, or 11 wt% of the SBR copolymer. Alternatively, the SBR copolymer can preferably have a styrene content of 5 wt% to 40 wt%, more preferably 10 wt% to 35 wt%, even more preferably 15 wt% to 30 wt%, even more preferably 20 wt% to 25 wt%, for example, 22 wt%, 23 wt%, or 24 wt% of the SBR copolymer.

[0051] The SBR copolymer may preferably have a vinyl content of 1% to 60% by weight of the SBR copolymer. Preferably, the SBR copolymer may have a vinyl content of 5% to 40% by weight, more preferably 7% to 30% by weight, even more preferably 10% to 20% by weight, even more preferably 12% to 18% by weight, for example 14%, 15% or 16% by weight of the SBR copolymer. Alternatively, the SBR copolymer may preferably have a vinyl content of 10% to 50% by weight, more preferably 20% to 45% by weight, even more preferably 30% to 40% by weight, even more preferably 35% to 40% by weight, for example 36%, 37% or 38% by weight of the SBR copolymer.

[0052] The SBR copolymer may have an average molar mass (number mean, Mn) of preferably 10,000 to 2,000,000 g / mol, and preferably 100,000 to 1,000,000 g / mol.

[0053] The SBR copolymer may preferably have a Mooney viscosity [ML 1+4 (100℃)] of 10 to 200 Mooney units, for example, 30 to 150 Mooney units, 40 to 90 Mooney units, 50 to 60 Mooney units, for example, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60 Mooney units.

[0054] The SBR copolymer may preferably be extended with an extender oil. The extender oil may be one or more selected from the group consisting of DAE (distilled aromatic extract), Tdae (treated aromatic extract), MES (mild extraction solvent), RAE (residual aromatic extract), TRAE (treated residual aromatic extract), naphthenic oil, heavy naphthenic oil, paraffinic oil, vegetable oils such as coconut oil, alkylbenzene oil, and synthetic oils such as castor oil. Preferably, the SBR copolymer is extended with an aromatic oil such as a treated distilled aromatic extract (Tdae). Preferably, the extended SBR copolymer may have an extender oil content of 1% to 50% by weight, more preferably 10% to 40% by weight, even more preferably 20% to 30% by weight, and even more preferably 25% to 30% by weight, for example, 26%, 27%, or 28% by weight of the SBR copolymer. In this specification, the extender oil is considered to form part of the plasticizer system of the rubber composition.

[0055] The synthesis of carboxyl-terminated sSBR copolymers and the compounds of formulas (I) to (V) described above is discussed in detail, for example, in International Patent Application No. International Publication No. 2014 / 173706(A1).

[0056] The aforementioned copolymer of styrene and butadiene may be described as a first elastomer in the rubber composition. In addition to this first elastomer, the rubber composition may contain one or more further elastomers, for example, one, two, three, or more further elastomers.

[0057] Any of the further elastomers may be diene elastomers. In other words, preferably the rubber composition comprises a diene elastomer. A diene elastomer is an elastomer derived at least partially (e.g., in a homopolymer or copolymer) from a diene monomer, i.e., a monomer having two carbon-carbon double bonds that may or may not be conjugated. Examples of suitable diene elastomers include polybutadiene, natural rubber, synthetic polyisoprene, butadiene copolymers, isoprene copolymers, and mixtures thereof. In a preferred embodiment, the diene elastomer is polybutadiene rubber. Preferably, the T of polybutadiene rubber g The temperature range may be -120°C to -80°C, more preferably -110°C to -90°C, for example -110°C, -100°C, -95°C, or -90°C. If present, the diene elastomer may be included in amounts of 20 to 60 phr, more preferably 40 to 55 phr, for example 40, 45, 50, or 55 phr, or any intermediate value.

[0058] Any of the further elastomers is preferably a further copolymer of styrene and butadiene, preferably with a temperature of less than -20°C. g It may be a copolymer having and being optionally functionalized. In other words, preferably the rubber composition preferably has a temperature of less than -20°C. g The rubber composition further comprises another copolymer of styrene and butadiene, which has the property of being optionally functionalized. In other words, preferably the rubber composition has at least (i) the property of being able to withstand temperatures below -20°C as described above. g (ii) a first copolymer of styrene and butadiene having, optionally functionalized, and (ii) preferably, T below -20°C g The present invention comprises at least a second copolymer of styrene and butadiene, which is optionally functionalized. With respect to the first copolymer of styrene and butadiene, any of the embodiments described herein may also be applied to any further copolymer of styrene and butadiene, for example, a second copolymer of styrene and butadiene.

[0059] Preferably, the rubber composition includes a copolymer of styrene and butadiene, as described above, and a T20°C lower than -20°C. g The second elastomer comprises (i) preferably a T below -20°C. g (ii) a second copolymer of styrene and butadiene, which is optionally functionalized and selected from (ii) butadiene rubber.

[0060] Preferably, each elastomer in the rubber composition is conditioned at temperatures below -20°C. g It holds.

[0061] Preferably, the rubber composition comprises a functionalized styrene-butadiene copolymer and an extended styrene-butadiene copolymer.

[0062] Preferably, the rubber composition comprises eSBR and preferably functionalized sSBR.

[0063] Plasticizer-based The rubber composition includes a plasticizer system. As used herein, the term "plasticizer system" refers collectively to the components in the rubber composition that are conventionally known in the art to be plasticizers.

[0064] The plasticizer system comprises at least one hydrocarbon resin. The resin is subjected to standard ambient temperature and pressure (25°C, 10°C). 5 Hydrocarbon resins are compounds that are solid or highly viscous at Pa. Hydrocarbon resins are essentially carbon and hydrogen-based, but may contain other types of atoms. They can be aliphatic, alicyclic, aromatic, hydrogenated aromatic, and aliphatic / aromatic, i.e., based on aliphatic and / or aromatic monomers. Hydrocarbon resins may also qualify as thermoplastic resins in the sense that they soften when heated and are therefore moldable.

[0065] Preferred examples of such hydrocarbon resins include cyclopentadiene homopolymers or copolymer resins (abbreviated as CPD), dicyclopentadiene homopolymers or copolymer resins (abbreviated as DCPD), terpene homopolymers or copolymer resins, rosin resins, preferably C5 homopolymers or copolymer resins that can be partially or completely hydrogenated, preferably C9 homopolymers or copolymer resins that can be partially or completely hydrogenated, α-methylstyrene homopolymers or copolymer resins, and combinations thereof, selected from the group.

[0066] Preferably, the hydrocarbon resin is heated at 0-90°C, more preferably 20-90°C, even more preferably 50-80°C, even more preferably 60-80°C, for example, 69-79°C. g It has. Alternatively, preferably the hydrocarbon resin has a temperature of 0 to 90°C, more preferably 20 to 70°C, even more preferably 40 to 55°C, for example 45 to 50°C. g It holds.

[0067] Preferably, the hydrocarbon resin is an aromatic resin. Preferably, the hydrocarbon resin is a partially or fully hydrogenated resin.

[0068] Preferably, the hydrocarbon resin may include a terpene resin (for example, it may consist of a terpene resin). The terpene resin includes a resin that is a mixture of terpene monomers (referred to herein as a heteropolymer) or a terpene homopolymer, the terpene homopolymer being an α-pinene homopolymer. These may be, for example, oligoterpene resins (i.e., resins prepared from terpenes as the sole monomer), terpene hydrocarbon resins (i.e., resins prepared from terpenes and non-terpene hydrocarbon monomers(s)), and / or terpene phenol resins (i.e., resins prepared from terpenes and phenol compounds). The basic molecular formula of a terpene is (C5H8)n, where n is the number of bonded isoprene units, and if greater than 1, it is plural. Suitable terpenes for use in terpene resins include, but are not limited to, isoprene, limonene, terpenes, α-pinene, β-pinene, δ-3-carene, β-phellandrene, and the pyrolysis products of α-pinene, β-pinene, δ-3-carene, δ-2-carene, turpentine, and combinations thereof. For example, a terpene resin may contain α-pinene, or a mixture of α-pinene and β-pinene monomers. A terpene resin may not substantially contain limonene, and the amount of limonene is less than 10% by weight, preferably less than 5% by weight, and more preferably less than 1% by weight, based on the total amount of the terpene resin. In a preferred embodiment, the terpene resin contains a mixture of α-pinene monomer and β-pinene monomer, and limonene is present in an amount of less than 10% by weight. A suitable terpene resin is Kraton Sylvatraxx 8115.

[0069] The softening point of terpene resins is preferably at least 70°C, preferably 70°C to 160°C, more preferably 100°C to 130°C, for example, 100°C, 105°C, 110°C, 115°C, 120°C, 125°C, or 130°C. The softening point of a material is the temperature at which it softens beyond a certain degree of softness, measured using a ring-ball apparatus in accordance with ISO 4625.

[0070] 1The aromaticity of the terpene resin, as measured by 1H NMR, is preferably greater than 0, preferably 0.1 to 5, and preferably 1. The aromaticity values ​​defined herein are: 1 It is measured by 1H NMR as the percentage content of aromatic protons with a chemical shift of 6.5–8.5 ppm.

[0071] Preferably, the hydrocarbon resin may include (for example, consist of) a C5 resin, more preferably a partially hydrogenated C5 resin. As used herein, the term "C5 resin" refers to a resin obtained by polymerization of a decomposed naphtha feed containing C5 monomers. C5 monomers include olefins, linear conjugated diolefins, and cyclic conjugated diolefins. Other monomers may further be present in the feed, including, but not limited to, dicyclopentadiene (DCPD).

[0072] In one embodiment, the C5 resin for use in the present invention can be obtained by copolymerization of a C5 monomer with a dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) monomer. If DCPD monomers are present, they are generally provided in small amounts. For example, the DCPD content in the feed used to produce the resin may be less than about 5% by weight, for example, less than about 2% by weight. Preferably, the C5 resin may contain monomer units derived from the C5 monomer and DCPD. Thus, a partially hydrogenated C5 resin may contain a copolymer of partially hydrogenated C5 and dicyclopentadiene DCPD, preferably with DCPD present in an amount of less than 5% by weight of the C5 and DCPD monomers. However, in another embodiment, the feed used to provide the C5 resin may be free of any DCPD monomers. These monomers can be removed from the feed stream by methods generally known in the art. Thus, in one embodiment, the C5 resin may essentially consist of monomer units derived from the C5 monomer.

[0073] As used herein, the term “partially hydrogenated” means that the resin component contains less than 100% olefin protons, and this 1 This can be determined by 1H NMR spectroscopy. Partially hydrogenated resins are well known in the art and can have different degrees of hydrogenation. In some embodiments, a partially hydrogenated resin may contain less than 95% olefin protons, more preferably less than 90% olefin protons. In some embodiments, it may contain less than 75% olefin protons, for example less than 50% olefin protons. In some embodiments, a partially hydrogenated resin may contain less than 40% olefin protons, less than 25% olefin protons, less than 15% olefin protons, or less than 10% olefin protons. For example, it may contain less than 9%, less than 8%, less than 7%, or less than 6% olefin protons. In one embodiment, a partially hydrogenated resin may contain about 5% or more olefin protons. For example, it may contain 5% to 90% olefin protons. In one embodiment, a partially hydrogenated resin may contain about 5% olefin protons, i.e., it is about 95% hydrogenated. A suitable partially hydrogenated C5 resin is Eastman Impera E1780.

[0074] The softening point of the partially hydrogenated C5 resin is preferably at least 70°C, preferably 70°C to 160°C, more preferably 110°C to 150°C, for example 110°C, 115°C, 120°C, 125°C, 130°C, 135°C, 140°C, 145°C, or 150°C. Preferably, the C5 resin is softened at 0 to 90°C, more preferably 20 to 90°C, even more preferably 50 to 80°C, even more preferably 60 to 80°C, for example 69 to 79°C. g It holds.

[0075] The aromaticity of the partially hydrogenated C5 resin, as measured by NMR, is preferably greater than 0, preferably 0.1 to 5, and preferably 2.

[0076] Preferably, the weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of the C5 resin is greater than 200 Da, more preferably greater than 400 Da, and even more preferably greater than 600 Da. Preferably, the weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of the C5 resin is 200 to 1200 Da, more preferably 350 to 1000 Da, even more preferably 500 to 900 Da, and even more preferably 600 to 800 Da, for example, 650 to 750 Da.

[0077] Preferably, the hydrocarbon resin may include a C9 resin (for example, it may consist of...). The term "C9 resin" refers to a C9 synthetic petroleum resin, such as polymers obtained by polymerization using a Friedel-Crafts type catalyst such as AlCl3 or BF3. Examples of C9 resins include copolymers containing indene, styrene, α-methylstyrene, vinyltoluene, etc. as main components. The C9 resin may preferably be at least partially hydrogenated.

[0078] Preferably, the weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of the C9 resin is greater than 1500 Da, more preferably greater than 2000 Da, and even more preferably greater than 2500 Da. Preferably, the weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of the C9 resin is 1500 to 4000 Da, more preferably 2000 to 3500 Da, even more preferably 2500 to 3000 Da, and even more preferably 2600 to 2800 Da.

[0079] Preferably, the glass transition temperature (T) of the C9 resin. g The optimal temperature is 0 to 90°C, more preferably 20 to 70°C, and even more preferably 40 to 55°C, for example, 45 to 50°C. Preferably, the C9 resin has a softening point of 100°C or higher, more preferably 110°C to 135°C.

[0080] Preferably, hydrocarbon resins may include rosin resins (for example, rosin acid). Rosin resins include resins (e.g., resin acids, or rosin acids) which are mixtures of isomerized organic acids characterized by a common structure comprising three C6 condensed rings, a double bond, and a single carboxyl group. Rosin is a solid resin material that occurs naturally in pine trees. There are three main sources of rosin: (1) gum rosin from oleoresin extrusions of green pine trees, (2) wood rosin from oleoresin contained in mature stumps, and (3) tall oil rosin, ranging from waste carboxyl groups to liquids recovered as a by-product in the kraft paper industry. The main component of rosin is typically abietic acid. Rosin resins include rosin ester resins, which may be esters of rosin with polyhydric alcohols. The polyhydric alcohol can be selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, trimethylene glycol, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, mannitol, sorbitol, and mixtures thereof. A suitable rosin resin is Kraton Sylvatraxx 2097.

[0081] The softening point of the rosin-based resin is preferably above 50°C, preferably 70°C to 130°C, more preferably 90°C to 110°C, for example, 90°C, 95°C, 100°C, or 110°C, or any intermediate value.

[0082] 1 The aromaticity of the rosin-based resin, as measured by 1H NMR, is preferably greater than 1, preferably 3.5 to 9.5, and preferably 6.5.

[0083] The hydrocarbon resin described above may be described as the first hydrocarbon resin in the plasticizer system. In addition to this first hydrocarbon resin, the plasticizer system may include one or more further hydrocarbon resins, for example, one, two, three, or more further hydrocarbon resins. With respect to the first hydrocarbon resin, any of the embodiments described above may preferably also be applied to any of the further hydrocarbon resins, for example, the second hydrocarbon resin.

[0084] Preferably, the plasticizer system comprises a first hydrocarbon resin and a second hydrocarbon resin. Preferably, the ratio of the amount of the first hydrocarbon resin in the rubber composition to the amount of the second hydrocarbon resin in the rubber composition is 0.8:1.2 to 1.2:0.8, more preferably 0.95:1.05 to 1.05:0.95, and even more preferably substantially 1:1, based on parts per 100 parts (phr) of rubber.

[0085] Preferably, the first hydrocarbon resin is preferably partially hydrogenated and / or heated to 60-80°C. g A C5 hydrocarbon resin having and / or preferably a second hydrocarbon resin preferably has a temperature of 40-55°C g It is a C9 hydrocarbon resin having [a specific characteristic].

[0086] tanδ(0~30°C) is an indicator of wet balance / handling in tires. As described in the Examples section, the inventors discovered that tanδ(0~30°C) performance increases as the amount of hydrocarbon resin present in the rubber composition increases. Therefore, tanδ(0~30°C) performance can be optimized by controlling the amount of hydrocarbon resin present in the plasticizer system of the rubber composition.

[0087] Therefore, the total amount of hydrocarbon resin in the rubber composition is at least 45 phr, preferably at least 47.5 phr, and more preferably at least 50 phr. The total amount of hydrocarbon resin in the rubber composition is calculated based on all hydrocarbon resins present in the rubber composition. Preferably, all hydrocarbon resins in the rubber composition are part of the plasticizer system. In other words, preferably, all hydrocarbon resins in the rubber composition are plasticizers.

[0088] Preferably, the total amount of hydrocarbon resin in the rubber composition is 45 phr to 80 phr, more preferably 47.5 phr to 70 phr, and even more preferably 50 phr to 65 phr.

[0089] Preferably, the plasticizer system further comprises one or more additional components. In other words, preferably, the plasticizer system of the rubber composition comprises one or more additional plasticizers. Such additional plasticizers may be selected from conventional plasticizers known in the art. For example, the plasticizer system preferably further comprises one or more oils, more preferably one or more plasticizing oils.

[0090] Preferably, the plasticizer system is at standard ambient temperature and pressure (25°C, 10°C). 5 The mixture further comprises one or more oils that are liquid at Pa. These may also be called liquid plasticizers. These oils may be one or more selected from the group consisting of, for example, liquid diene polymers, polyolefin oils, naphthenic oils, paraffin oils, DAE oils, MES (mild extraction solvent) oils, TDAE (treated aromatic extract) oils, RAE oils (residual aromatic extracts), TRAE oils (treated residual aromatic extracts), and SRAE oils (treated residual aromatic extracts), mineral oils, vegetable oils, ether plasticizers, ester plasticizers, preferably oleic acid esters such as octyl oleate or 2-ethylhexyl oleate, phosphate plasticizers, sulfonic acid plasticizers, and mixtures thereof. In a preferred embodiment, the oil may be a combination of TDAE oil and octyl oleate.

[0091] Any extender oil used to stretch the elastomer in the rubber composition is also considered to form part of the plasticizer system.

[0092] Preferably, the total amount of oil in the rubber composition is 5 to 60 phr, more preferably 10 to 50 phr, even more preferably 20 to 40 phr, and even more preferably 25 to 35 phr, for example 28 to 32 phr. The oil spread includes all plasticizer oils and all extender oils.

[0093] tanδ(0~30°C) is an indicator of wet balance / handling in tires. As described in the Examples section, the inventors found that tanδ(0~30°C) performance increases as the amount of plasticizer system present in the rubber composition increases. Therefore, tanδ(0~30°C) performance can be optimized by controlling the amount of plasticizer system present in the plasticizer system of the rubber composition. Accordingly, the plasticizer system is preferably present in the rubber composition in an amount of at least 70 phr, preferably 70~130 phr, and more preferably 71~100 phr.

[0094] In addition to the first hydrocarbon resin, preferred plasticizer systems are as follows: Optionally, a second hydrocarbon resin having a temperature of 20-90°C, preferably 30-70°C, more preferably 40-50°C. g A second hydrocarbon resin having, The rubber composition comprises (preferably consisting of) at least one oil, preferably a plasticizing oil, more preferably a RAE oil, and / or an extender oil, wherein the total amount of oil in the rubber composition is preferably 5 to 60 phr, more preferably 10 to 50 phr, even more preferably 20 to 40 phr, and even more preferably 25 to 35 phr. Preferably, the ratio of the amount of the first hydrocarbon resin in the rubber composition to the amount of the second hydrocarbon resin, if present, in the rubber composition, based on parts per 100 parts (phr), is 0.8:1.2 to 1.2:0.8, more preferably 0.95:1.05 to 1.05:0.95, and even more preferably substantially 1:1.

[0095] Filler system The rubber composition includes a filler system. As used herein, the term "filler system" refers collectively to the components in the rubber composition that are conventionally known in the art to be fillers.

[0096] The filler system is at least 150m 2 g -1 Preferably, at least 160m 2 g -1 More preferably, at least 180m 2 g -1 More preferably, at least 185m 2 g -1 More preferably, at least 200m 2 g -1 It contains a first silica which may have a CTAB surface area of ​​150 to 300 m 2 g -1 , comfortable, 160~270m 2 g -1 Even more preferable, 170-250m 2 g -1 More preferably, 180-225m 2 g -1 For example, 185-215m 2 g -1 It has a CTAB surface area. Preferably, the first silica has a high surface area.

[0097] As used herein, the term “effective surface area” in relation to silica refers to the product of the CTAB surface area and the amount of silica present in the rubber composition at phr. For example, 200 m 2 g -1The silica present in the rubber composition at an amount of 110 phr, having a CTAB surface area of ​​22,000 phr, is 22,000 phr. 2 g -1 It has an effective surface area of ​​. Preferably, the effective surface area of ​​the first silica is at least 16,500 phr m 2 g -1 , more preferably, at least 18,000 phr m 2 g -1 Preferably, the effective surface area of ​​the first silica is at least 20,000 phr m². 2 g -1 Preferably, at least 22,000 phr m 2 g -1 , more preferably, at least 23,000 phr m 2 g -1 More preferably, at least 26,000 phr m 2 g -1 That is the case.

[0098] E'(30°) is an indicator of dry balance / handling. As described in the Examples section, the inventors found that E'(30°) performance increases as the amount of silica present in the rubber composition increases. Therefore, E'(30°) performance can be optimized by controlling the amount of silica present in the filler system of the rubber composition.

[0099] Therefore, the first silica is present in the rubber composition in an amount of at least 110 phr, preferably at least 115 phr, more preferably at least 120 phr, and even more preferably at least 130 phr. Preferably, the first silica is present in the rubber composition in an amount of 110 phr to 200 phr, more preferably 115 phr to 150 phr, even more preferably 115 to 135 phr, and even more preferably 120 to 135 phr.

[0100] In addition to the first silica described above, the filler system may include one or more further silicas, for example, one, two, three, or more further silicas. Such further silicas may preferably be selected from high surface area silica, standard surface area silica, low surface area silica, and ultra-low surface area silica.

[0101] Preferably, the plasticizer system includes low-surface-area silica and / or ultra-low-surface-area silica. Preferably, such silica has a surface area of ​​40-120 m 2 g -1 Comfortable, 50-110m 2 g -1 Furthermore, more comfortable, 60-100m 2 g -1 Even more convenient, 65-95m 2 g -1 It is characterized by having a CTAB surface area. Preferably, such silica is present in the rubber composition in an amount of 0 to 50 phr, more preferably 2 to 40 phr, even more preferably 3 to 32 phr, even more preferably 5 to 15 phr, most preferably 7 to 13 phr, for example 10 phr.

[0102] In other words, preferably, the plasticizer system is 40-120m 2 g -1 Comfortable, 50-110m 2 g -1 Furthermore, more comfortable, 60-100m 2 g -1 Even more convenient, 65-95m 2 g -1 The composition contains silica having a CTAB surface area. Preferably, such silica is present in the rubber composition in an amount of 0 to 50 phr, more preferably 2 to 40 phr, even more preferably 3 to 32 phr, even more preferably 5 to 15 phr, most preferably 7 to 13 phr, for example 10 phr.

[0103] Preferably, the filler system contains two silicas, the first silica being 150m 2 g -1The silica has a CTAB surface area of ​​more than 100 phr, the first silica is present in the rubber composition in an amount of at least 110 phr, and the second silica is preferably 40 to 120 m 2 g -1 This is a low-surface-area or ultra-low-surface-area silica characterized by having a CTAB surface area.

[0104] In other words, preferably, the filler system contains two silicas, the first silica being 150m 2 g -1 The silica has a CTAB surface area of ​​the size of the first silica, which is present in the rubber composition in an amount of at least 110 phr, and the second silica is present in an amount of 40-120 m 2 g -1 This is silica having a CTAB surface area.

[0105] As used herein, the term “total effective surface area of ​​all silica in the composition” refers to the sum of the effective surface areas of all silica in the composition. For example, if the composition contains a first silica having an effective surface area of ​​x and a second silica having an effective surface area of ​​y, the total effective surface area of ​​all silica in the composition is (x + y). Preferably, the total effective surface area of ​​all silica in the rubber composition is at least 17,000 phr m 2 g -1 Preferably, at least 18,000 phr m 2 g -1 , more preferably, at least 20,800 phr m 2 g -1 More preferably, at least 23,800 phr m 2 g -1 More preferably, at least 26,800 phr m 2 g -1 That is the case.

[0106] Preferably, the filler system further comprises one or more additional components. In other words, preferably, the filler system of the rubber composition comprises one or more additional fillers. Such additional fillers may be selected from conventional fillers known in the art.

[0107] Preferably, the packing system includes one or more additional siliceous packing materials. Suitable additional siliceous packing materials include precipitated amorphous silica, wet silica (hydrated silicic acid), dry silica (anhydrous silicic acid), fumed silica, calcium silicate, aluminum silicate, magnesium silicate (e.g., Mg2SiO4, MgSiO3), calcium magnesium silicate (CaMgSiO4), and calcium aluminum silicate (e.g., Al2O3·CaO2SiO2).

[0108] Preferably, the filler system includes one or more aluminum-based mineral fillers. Preferably, the aluminum-based filler is alumina (Al2O3) or aluminum hydroxide (e.g., Al(OH)3).

[0109] Preferably, the filler system further comprises carbon black. Preferably, the carbon black is present in the rubber composition in an amount of 0.5 to 40 phr, more preferably 10 to 30 phr, even more preferably 15 to 25 phr, even more preferably 17 to 23 phr, for example, 20 phr. The carbon black may be furnace black, channel black, or lamp black. For example, the carbon black may be one or more selected from the group consisting of super abrasion-resistant furnace (SAF) black, high abrasion-resistant furnace (HAF) black, high-speed extrusion furnace (FEF) black, fine furnace (FF) black, semi-super abrasion-resistant furnace (ISAF) black, semi-reinforced furnace (SRF) black, medium-processed channel black, hard-processed channel black, and conductive channel black. Other carbon blacks that can be used include acetylene black. The carbon black may be in pelletized form or in unpelletized cotton-like masses. A specific example of the carbon black in the rubber composition of the present invention is CORAX® N234 by Orion Engineered Carbons.

[0110] E'(30°) is an indicator of dry balance / handling. As described in the Examples section, the inventors have found that E'(30°) performance increases as the amount of filler system present in the rubber composition increases. Therefore, E'(30°) performance can be optimized by controlling the amount of filler system present in the rubber composition. Accordingly, the filler system is preferably present in the rubber composition in an amount of 110 phr to 250 phr, more preferably 115 to 200 phr, even more preferably 120 to 190 phr, and even more preferably 140 to 180 phr.

[0111] At least 150m 2 g -1 A first silica having a CTAB surface area, and in addition to the first silica present in the rubber composition in an amount of at least 110 phr, a preferred filler system is as follows: Silica with a low surface area or very low surface area, preferably 50 to 110 m 2 g -1 Silica with a low or very low surface area having a CTAB surface area, A carbon black comprising (preferably consisting of) carbon black present in the rubber composition in an amount preferably 0.5 to 40 phr, more preferably 10 to 30 phr, even more preferably 15 to 25 phr, and even more preferably 18 to 22 phr, Low-surface-area or very-low-surface-area silica is preferably present in the rubber composition in an amount of 3 to 20 phr, preferably 5 to 15 phr, and more preferably 8 to 12 phr.

[0112] E'(30°) is an indicator of dry balance / handling in a tire, and tanδ(0~30°) is an indicator of wet balance / handling in a tire. As described in the Examples section, the inventors have found that the balance between E'(30°) performance and tanδ(0~30°) performance can be optimized by controlling the filler / plasticizer ratio. Therefore, the ratio of the total amount of filler system to the total amount of plasticizer system in the rubber composition, based on parts per 100 parts (phr), is at least 1.75:1, preferably at least 1.80:1, more preferably at least 1.9:1, even more preferably at least 2.0:1, and even more preferably at least 2.05:1. Preferably, the ratio of the total amount of filler system to the total amount of plasticizer system, based on parts per 100 parts (phr) of rubber in the rubber composition, is 1.75:1 to 5:1, more preferably 1.77:1 to 4:1, even more preferably 1.80:1 to 3.1:1, and even more preferably 2.0:1 to 3:1, for example, 2.05:1 to 2.5:1.

[0113] Additional ingredients In addition to the components described above, the rubber composition may include additional components that those skilled in the art would include in order to prepare a rubber composition suitable for the preparation of pneumatic tires. These include, for example, vulcanizing agents (e.g., sulfur), vulcanization accelerators, vulcanization accelerators, silane coupling agents, degradation inhibitors (e.g., antioxidants or ozone degradation inhibitors), waxes, and processing agents.

[0114] Preferred composition In a preferred embodiment, the rubber composition is as follows: A copolymer of styrene and butadiene (SBR), wherein the glass transition temperature (T) is less than -20°C. g A copolymer of styrene and butadiene (SBR) having ) and being optionally functionalized, A plasticizer system comprising one or more hydrocarbon resins, wherein the total amount of hydrocarbon resins in the rubber composition is at least 45 phr, A filler system, preferably the following: The first silica, 150m 2 g -1 More preferably 180m 2 g -1 Having a CTAB surface area, and containing a first silica present in the rubber composition in an amount of at least 110 phr, Low surface area or very low surface area silica, preferably 60 to 120 m 2 g -1 Having a CTAB surface area, low-surface-area or ultra-low-surface-area silica present in the rubber composition in an amount preferably 3 to 20 phr, preferably 5 to 15 phr, more preferably 8 to 12 phr, A filler system comprising carbon black, which is present in the rubber composition in an amount preferably 0.5 to 40 phr, more preferably 10 to 30 phr, even more preferably 15 to 25 phr, and even more preferably 18 to 22 phr, The rubber composition in question has a ratio of at least 1.75:1 between the total amount of fillers and the total amount of plasticizers, based on parts per 100 parts (phr) of rubber in the rubber composition.

[0115] In another preferred embodiment, the rubber composition is as follows: A copolymer of styrene and butadiene (SBR) of at least two different types, both having a glass transition temperature (T) below -20°C. g ) and two different copolymers, both of which are optionally functionalized, A plasticizer system comprising one or more hydrocarbon resins, wherein the total amount of hydrocarbon resins in the rubber composition is at least 45 phr, A filler system, preferably the following: The first silica, which has at least 150 m 2 g -1 Preferably, 180m 2 g -1 Having a CTAB surface area, and present in the rubber composition in an amount of at least 110 phr, a first silica and Low surface area or very low surface area silica, preferably 60 to 120 m2 g -1 Having a CTAB surface area, low-surface-area or ultra-low-surface-area silica is present in the rubber composition in an amount preferably 3 to 20 phr, preferably 5 to 15 phr, more preferably 8 to 12 phr. A filler system comprising carbon black, which is present in the rubber composition in an amount preferably 0.5 to 40 phr, more preferably 10 to 30 phr, even more preferably 15 to 25 phr, and even more preferably 18 to 22 phr, The rubber composition in question has a ratio of at least 1.75:1 between the total amount of fillers and the total amount of plasticizers, based on parts per 100 parts (phr) of rubber in the rubber composition.

[0116] In another preferred embodiment, the rubber composition is as follows: A copolymer of styrene and butadiene (SBR) of at least two different types, both having a glass transition temperature (T) below -20°C. g ) and two different copolymers, both of which are optionally functionalized, A plasticizer system, preferably the following: T 0~90℃ g A first hydrocarbon resin having, T 0~90℃ g A second hydrocarbon resin having, It consists of at least one oil, wherein the total amount of oil in the rubber composition is preferably 5 to 60 phr, more preferably 10 to 50 phr, even more preferably 20 to 40 phr, and even more preferably 25 to 35 phr. Preferably, the ratio of the amount of the first hydrocarbon resin to the amount of the second hydrocarbon resin in the rubber composition, based on parts per 100 parts (phr), is 0.8:1.2 to 1.2:0.8, preferably 0.95:1.05 to 1.05:0.95, and more preferably substantially 1:1. A plasticizer system in which the total amount of hydrocarbon resin in the rubber composition is at least 45 phr, A filler system, preferably the following: The first silica, which has at least 150 m 2 g -1 Preferably, 180m 2 g -1 Having a CTAB surface area, and present in the rubber composition in an amount of at least 110 phr, a first silica and Low surface area or very low surface area silica, preferably 60 to 120 m 2 g -1 Having a CTAB surface area, low-surface-area or ultra-low-surface-area silica is present in the rubber composition in an amount preferably 3 to 20 phr, preferably 5 to 15 phr, more preferably 8 to 12 phr. A filler system comprising carbon black, which is present in the rubber composition in an amount preferably 0.5 to 40 phr, more preferably 10 to 30 phr, even more preferably 15 to 25 phr, and even more preferably 18 to 22 phr, The rubber composition in question has a ratio of at least 1.75:1 between the total amount of fillers and the total amount of plasticizers, based on parts per 100 parts (phr) of rubber in the rubber composition.

[0117] In another preferred embodiment, the rubber composition is as follows: A copolymer of styrene and butadiene (SBR), wherein the glass transition temperature (T) is less than -20°C. g A copolymer of styrene and butadiene (SBR) having ) and being optionally functionalized, A plasticizer system comprising one or more hydrocarbon resins, wherein the total amount of hydrocarbon resins in the rubber composition is at least 47.5 phr, A filler system, with at least 150 m 2 g -1 Preferably, 180m 2 g -1 A filler system having a CTAB surface area and in which the first silica is present in the rubber composition in an amount of at least 115 phr, Optionally, comprising one or more additional fillers, The ratio of the total amount of filler system to the total amount of plasticizer system in the rubber composition, based on parts per 100 parts (phr), is at least 1.80:1.

[0118] In another preferred embodiment, the rubber composition is as follows: A copolymer of styrene and butadiene (SBR) of at least two different types, both having a glass transition temperature (T) below -20°C. g ) and two different copolymers, both of which are optionally functionalized, A plasticizer system, preferably the following: T 0~90℃ g A first hydrocarbon resin having, T 0~90℃ g A second hydrocarbon resin having, It consists of at least one oil, wherein the total amount of oil in the rubber composition is preferably 5 to 60 phr, more preferably 10 to 50 phr, even more preferably 20 to 40 phr, and even more preferably 25 to 35 phr. Preferably, the ratio of the amount of the first hydrocarbon resin to the amount of the second hydrocarbon resin, based on parts per 100 parts (phr) of rubber, is 0.8:1.2 to 1.2:0.8, preferably 0.95:1.05 to 1.05:0.95, and more preferably substantially 1:1. A plasticizer system in which the total amount of hydrocarbon resin in the rubber composition is at least 47.5 phr, A filler system, preferably the following: The first silica, which has at least 150 m 2 g -1 Preferably, 180m 2 g -1 Having a CTAB surface area, and present in the rubber composition in an amount of at least 115 phr, a first silica and Low surface area or very low surface area silica, preferably 60 to 120 m 2 g -1Having a CTAB surface area, low-surface-area or ultra-low-surface-area silica is present in the rubber composition in an amount preferably 3 to 20 phr, preferably 5 to 15 phr, more preferably 8 to 12 phr. A filler system comprising carbon black, which is present in the rubber composition in an amount preferably 0.5 to 40 phr, more preferably 10 to 30 phr, even more preferably 15 to 25 phr, and even more preferably 18 to 22 phr, The ratio of the total amount of filler system to the total amount of plasticizer system in a rubber composition, based on parts per 100 parts (phr), is at least 1.80:1.

[0119] Preparation method When preparing the rubber composition of the present invention, the method of combining each component is not limited, and any method known to those skilled in the art may be used. For example, all component materials may be mixed and kneaded at once, or they may be mixed and kneaded in multiple stages. For compounding and kneading, kneaders such as roll kneaders, internal mixers, and Banbury mixers may be used. To mold the rubber composition into any desired shape, well-known molding machines such as extruders and press molders may be used. The vulcanization conditions for curing the above rubber composition are not limited, and may be any conditions known to those skilled in the art. However, typically, vulcanization conditions of processing at 140 to 180°C for 5 to 120 minutes are employed.

[0120] Unless otherwise specified, the amounts of components in the rubber composition of the present invention are given in parts per 100 parts (phr), which means parts by weight per 100 parts of elastomer (or, if several elastomers are present, the total elastomer). The term "rubber composition" may be used interchangeably with the term "rubber compound."

[0121] pneumatic tires In a further embodiment, the present invention relates to a pneumatic tire. The pneumatic tire is not particularly limited and may be a passenger car tire, for example, for a passenger car, motorcycle, or commercial vehicle. The pneumatic tire may be suitable for any type of climate, weather, or road conditions and may be a summer tire, winter tire, snow tire, all-season tire, sports tire, or high-performance tire.

[0122] Taking the above into consideration, the present invention relates to a pneumatic tire containing the rubber composition of the present invention, and / or a pneumatic tire prepared from the rubber composition of the present invention.

[0123] In a further embodiment, the present invention relates to the use of rubber compositions in the manufacture of pneumatic tires.

[0124] There are no particular restrictions on which part of the tire the rubber composition of the present invention can be used in, and it can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. For example, the rubber composition can be used in the tread, base tread, sidewall, side reinforcement rubber, bead filler, etc., and among these, the rubber composition can be suitably used in the tread member.

[0125] Regarding the method for manufacturing tires, any method known to those skilled in the art may be used. For example, a green tire is obtained by sequentially laminating components commonly used in tire manufacturing, such as a carcass layer, a belt layer, and a tread layer, which are formed from at least one selected from the group consisting of an unvulcanized rubber composition and cords, onto a tire molding drum, and then removing the drum. The desired tire is then manufactured by heating and vulcanizing this green tire according to a conventional method. [Examples]

[0126] The present invention is described by the following non-limiting embodiments.

[0127] Measurement method The specific surface area was measured by the BET method, according to the method described in the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET, or NSA) specific surface area - Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 60, page 309, February 1938, and corresponding to standard NF ISO 5794-1, Appendix D (June 2010).

[0128] The results were measured by the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) adsorption method, according to ASTM D6845.

[0129] Glass transition temperature (T g ) Glass transition temperature (T g The values ​​were measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) in accordance with ASTM D 7426-08 (for polymers) and ASTM D6604 (for resins).

[0130] Modulus of elasticity (E') E'(30℃) is an indicator of dry balance / handling in tires. Dynamic physical tests to determine E' at 30℃ are performed according to the ISO 4664 standard.

[0131] Loss factor (tanδ) The wet tensile force is evaluated using the loss factor (tan delta, tangent δ, or tanδ) at 0–30°C. Dynamic physical tests to determine tanδ are performed according to standard ISO 4664.

[0132] Weight reduction (wear resistance) Abrasion resistance is determined according to ISO 4649 by the weight loss, or volume loss, of the vulcanized compound as a result of contact with an abrasive roller rotated under a constant load. A lower weight loss rate indicates higher abrasion resistance.

[0133] Dry H (Dry Handling) Qualitative evaluation of tire dry handling performance on an external test surface on a dry handling track. A test driver qualitatively evaluates the handling performance and therefore assigns a numerical score based on a predetermined list of criteria that are consistent across all compositions tested.

[0134] Wet braking Objective evaluation on the outer test surface of the wet braking track. Wet braking performance is evaluated as a function of braking distance, from initial speed (80 km / h) to final speed (20 km / h) on a wet surface.

[0135] Slab Test The tire compound was prepared according to the following general method. The following components were blended in the amounts listed in Table 1 below. All values ​​in Table 1 are expressed in phr. Table 2 shows the measurements of various mechanical properties performed on tread test specimens prepared using the compositions in Table 1.

[0136] For abrasion resistance testing, test specimens (obtained from composition samples by vulcanization in a pre-formed mold) are formed into cylindrical shapes having the following dimensions: - Height 6mm or more - Maximum tolerance ±0.2mm, diameter 16mm For each composition, at least three abrasion tests will be performed using a new sample each time.

[0137] Tire testing The tire data is obtained from tests on vehicles fitted with tires having tire treads manufactured using rubber compositions.

[0138] General method The following components were blended in the amounts listed in Table 1 below. All values ​​in Table 1 are given in parts per 100 parts of rubber (phr). When preparing the rubber composition of the present invention, the method of combining each component is not limited, and any method known to those skilled in the art may be used. For example, all component materials may be mixed and kneaded at once, or they may be mixed and kneaded in multiple stages. For blending and kneading, kneaders such as roll kneaders, internal mixers, and Banbury mixers may be used. To mold the rubber composition into any desired shape, well-known molding machines such as extruders and press molders may be used.

[0139] component Unless otherwise specified, all ingredients were obtained from commercially available products.

[0140] Elastomer: Europrene 1723 (Versalis) Oil-based spreadable eSBR: 23.5% styrene, 15% vinyl, Tg -52℃, 27.3% oil (TDAE) SSBR HPR520R (JSR TRADING) Mid Tg fxt-s SBR:Sty:35%;Vinyl (total):Tg;17%:-35℃;FxT:Si SSBR HPR540 (JSR TRADING) Low Tg fxt-s SBR:Sty:10%;Vinyl (total):Tg;37%:-57℃;FxT:Si silica: U9100GR (Evonik)HSA-SiO2 (high surface area) has the following characteristics: CTAB = 185~215; NSA = 215~255 Ultrasil VN3 (Evonik) STD-SiO2 (standard surface area) has the following characteristics: CTAB = 154~180; NSA = 160~200 Zeosil 1085GR (Solvay) VLSA-SiO2 (ultra-low surface area) has the following characteristics: CTAB = 65~95; NSA = 70~110 Hydrocarbon resins: Imperia E1780 (EASTMAN) C5 - Hydrocarbon resin, partially hydrogenated: Glass transition: 69-79°C, MW: 650-750 g / mol Novares TD100 (RAIN CARBON) C9 - Hydrocarbon resin: Glass transition temperature 45~50℃; MW: 2600~2800 Further additives: MARTINAL OL 111(HUBER)Hygilite Carbon Black (Corax® N234) Silane (Evonik Industries AG Si 69 (registered trademark)) RAE oil sulfur 1,3-Diphenylguanidine (DPG) Dibenzothiadyl disulfide (MBTS) Zinc oxide (ZnO) Stearic acid

[0141] [Table 1] * As stated in the components section, the oil-expandable eSBR contains 27.3% extender oil. Therefore, all compositions in Table 1 contain 55 phr of extender oil. Thus, the total amount of elastomer (oil-expandable eSBR and either medium Tg fxt-sSBR or low Tg fxt-sSBR) is 100 phr in all compositions.

[0142] Slab Test Composition comparison examples 1-5 and examples 1-3 were subjected to slab tests to determine weight loss performance, E' (30°C), and tanδ (0-30°C). The results are shown in Table 2 and Figure 1.

[0143] [Table 2]

[0144] As shown in Figure 1, the inventors have found that the balance of specific properties, including E' (30°C) and tanδ (0~30°C), can be optimized by controlling the amount and / or relative ratio of specific components present in the rubber composition. Furthermore, abrasion resistance can also be well maintained.

[0145] E'(30°) is an indicator of dry balance / handling in tires. As shown in Figure 1, E'(30°) performance increases as the amount of filler system present in the rubber composition increases. For example, the compositions, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 differ almost exclusively in the amount of filler system present in the composition, namely silica, more specifically high-surface-area silica. Comparative Example 2 shows a significant improvement in E'(30°) compared to Example 1. This trend is reproducible across the compositions tested.

[0146] tanδ(0~30°C) is an indicator of wet balance / handling in tires. As shown in Figure 1, tanδ(0~30°C) performance increases as the amount of plasticizer system present in the rubber composition increases. For example, comparative example 3 and comparative example 5 differ only in the amount of plasticizer system, i.e., hydrocarbon resin, present in the composition. Comparative example 5 shows a significant improvement in tanδ(0~30°C) compared to comparative example 3. This trend is reproducible across the tested compositions.

[0147] Therefore, the E'(30°C) and / or tanδ(0~30°C) performance can be optimized by controlling the amounts of filler system, silica, plasticizer system, and / or hydrocarbon resin present in the composition. As shown in Figure 2, the balance between E'(30°C) and tanδ(0~30°C) performance can be optimized by controlling the filler system / plasticizer system ratio.

[0148] As shown in Table 2, the level of weight loss did not differ significantly across the tested compositions, which means that the desired level of abrasion resistance was maintained across the tested compositions.

[0149] Slab and tire testing Comparative Examples 6-7 and Example 4 were subjected to slab testing to determine weight loss performance, and tire testing to determine dry H and wet braking performance. The results are shown in Table 3. Comparative Examples 7 and 4 differ mainly in the filler system, i.e., the amount of silica, more specifically high-surface-area silica, and the filler system / plasticizer system ratio. Differences in the amounts of other additives, such as zinc salts of fatty acids, were made simply to improve processability and are not thought to have any effect on the performance parameters during evaluation.

[0150] In Test 1, Comparative Example 6 was compared with Comparative Example 7. In Test 2, Comparative Example 6 was compared with Example 4. Therefore, Comparative Example 6 represents a common baseline for both tests. Tests 1 and 2 were conducted at different times, meaning that the environmental conditions during Test 1 were not the same as those during Test 2. The difference in environmental conditions explains the difference in results recorded for Comparative Example 6 between Test 1 and Test 2.

[0151] [Table 3]

[0152] The results in Table 3 confirm that the rubber composition of the present invention provides an excellent balance of properties.

[0153] In slab tests, Example 4 of the present invention showed a lower level of weight loss than Comparative Example 6 of the reference composition, while Comparative Example 7 showed a higher level of weight loss than the same Reference Comparative Example 6. This indicates that Example 4 of the present invention has excellent wear resistance.

[0154] Similarly, in tire testing, Example 4 of the present invention showed improved dry handling and wet braking performance compared to Comparative Example 6 of the reference composition. In contrast, Comparative Example 7 showed inferior performance compared to the same Reference Comparative Example 6. This indicates that Example 4 of the present invention has excellent performance in both wet and dry conditions and is ideally suited for use in tires.

Claims

1. A rubber composition for pneumatic tires, A copolymer of styrene and butadiene (SBR), wherein the glass transition temperature (T) is less than -20°C. ｇ A copolymer (SBR) of styrene and butadiene, which has been optionally functionalized, A plasticizer system comprising one or more hydrocarbon resins, wherein the total amount of the hydrocarbon resins in the rubber composition is at least 45 phr, A filler system, 150 m ２ g －１ A filler system comprising one or more silicas having a first silica having a CTAB surface area greater than or equal to 1, and optionally one or more additional fillers, wherein the first silica is present in the rubber composition in an amount of at least 110 phr, A rubber composition in which the ratio of the total amount of the filler system to the total amount of the plasticizer system, based on parts per 100 parts (phr) of rubber in the rubber composition, is at least 1.75:

1.

2. The rubber composition according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the total amount of the filler system to the total amount of the plasticizer system, based on parts per 100 parts (phr) of rubber in the rubber composition, is at least 1.80:1, more preferably at least 1.9:1, even more preferably at least 2.0:1, and even more preferably at least 2.05:

1.

3. The copolymer of styrene and butadiene is suitable for temperatures of -90 to -20°C, preferably -75 to -35°C, and more preferably -60 to -50°C. ｇ A rubber composition according to claim 1 or claim 2, having the following characteristics.

4. The copolymer of styrene and butadiene is functionalized with carboxyl groups, preferably terminal carboxyl groups, more preferably carboxyl groups of formula (I). 【Chemistry 1】 During the ceremony, R １ , and R ２ However, these are identical or different, and each is independently a hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, cycloalkoxy, aryl, aryloxy, alkylaryl, alkylaryloxy, aralkyl, or aralkoxy group, and these may contain one or more heteroatoms, preferably one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, N, S, and Si. R ３ , and R ４ However, these are identical or different, and each is independently a hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, alkaryl, or aralkyl group, and these may contain one or more heteroatoms, preferably one or more selected from the group consisting of O, N, S, and Si. A is a divalent organic group, which is an alkyl group, O, NR ７ , S, and SiR ８ R ９ and may be one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of, or an alkyl group containing one or more heteroatoms, preferably, the heteroatom is O, NR ７ , S, and SiR ８ R ９ and is one or more selected from the group consisting of, R ７ However, hydrogen, or C １ ~C ６ It is a linear alkyl group, R ８ , and R ９ However, they are the same or different, and each is independent of the others. １ ~C ６ A rubber composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the component is a linear alkyl group.

5. The copolymer of styrene and butadiene is functionalized with a silicon-containing group. Preferably, it is functionalized with one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of silanes, silyl ethers, alkoxysilanes, siloxanes, aminosilanes, and silanols. More preferably, functionalized with a group having a structure according to formula (X), 【Chemistry 2】 During the ceremony, A is C １ ~C １２ Alkylene group, or C １ ~C １２ It is an alkenylene group, R １０ , and R １１ However, C １ ~C １２ alkyl group, C １ ~C １２ Alkenyl group and C １ ~C １２ Selected independently of the alkoxy group, R １２ , and R １３ However, C １ ~C １２ Alkyl alkyl, -SiR １４ R １５ R １６ Selected independently from the base, R １４ , R １５ , and R １６ However, C １ ~C １２ alkyl group, C １ ~C １２ Alkenyl group, C １ ~C １２ Independently selected from the alkoxy group, or R １２ , and the nitrogen atom to which it is bonded is branched or unbranched C ３ ~C １２ It is a secondary imino group, and R １３ However, the rubber composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4 does not exist.

6. The rubber composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the total amount of hydrocarbon resin in the rubber composition is at least 47.5 phr, more preferably at least 50 phr.

7. The plasticizer system is suitable for temperatures of 0 to 90°C, preferably 20 to 90°C, more preferably 50 to 80°C, even more preferably 60 to 80°C, and even more preferably 69 to 79°C. ｇ A rubber composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising a hydrocarbon resin having the properties of:

8. The plasticizer system is suitable for temperatures of 20 to 70°C, preferably 40 to 55°C, and more preferably 45 to 50°C. ｇ A rubber composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising a hydrocarbon resin having the following properties.

9. The aforementioned plasticizer system is C ９ resin, C ５ A rubber composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising one or more hydrocarbon resins selected from the group consisting of resins, terpene resins, and rosin resins.

10. The plasticizer system comprises a first hydrocarbon resin and a second hydrocarbon resin, preferably C ９ resin, and C ５ A rubber composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising a resin, wherein preferably, on a basis of parts (phr) per 100 parts of the rubber, the ratio of the amount of the first hydrocarbon resin in the rubber composition to the amount of the second hydrocarbon resin in the rubber composition is 0.8:1.2 to 1.2:0.8, more preferably 0.95:1.05 to 1.05:0.95, and even more preferably substantially 1:

1.

11. The rubber composition according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the plasticizer system further comprises one or more oils, preferably one or more plasticizing oils, and preferably the total amount of oil in the rubber composition is 5 to 60 phr, more preferably 10 to 50 phr, even more preferably 20 to 40 phr, and even more preferably 25 to 35 phr.

12. The rubber composition according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the plasticizer system is present in the rubber composition in an amount of at least 70 phr, preferably 70 to 130 phr, and more preferably 71 to 100 phr.

13. The rubber composition according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the first silica is present in the rubber composition in an amount of at least 115 phr, preferably at least 120 phr, and more preferably at least 130 phr.

14. The first silica is at least 160 m ２ g －１ Preferably, at least 180 m ２ g －１ , more preferably, at least 185m ２ g －１ More preferably, at least 200 m ２ g －１ A rubber composition according to any one of claims 1 to 13, having the CTAB surface area.

15. The aforementioned filler system is preferably 40 to 120 m ２ g －１ More preferably, 50 to 110 m ２ g －１ More preferably, 60 to 100 m ２ g －１ More preferably, 65 to 95 m ２ g －１ A rubber composition according to any one of claims 1 to 14, comprising low-surface-area or ultra-low-surface-area silica having a CTAB surface area.

16. The total effective surface area of ​​all silica in the rubber composition is at least 17,000 phr m ２ g －１ Preferably, at least 20,000 phr m ２ g －１ More preferably, at least 20,800 phr m ２ g －１ More preferably, at least 23,800 phr m ２ g －１ More preferably, at least 26,800 phr m ２ g －１ The rubber composition according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

17. The rubber composition according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the filler system is present in the rubber composition in an amount of 115 phr to 250 phr, more preferably 120 to 200 phr, and even more preferably 140 to 190 phr.

18. The aforementioned filler system is as follows: The first silica, which has at least 150 m ２ g －１ Preferably, 180m ２ g －１ Having a CTAB surface area, a first silica present in the rubber composition in an amount of at least 110 phr, Low surface area, or ultra-low surface area silica, preferably having a CTAB surface area of 50 to 110 m ２ g －１ and preferably present in the rubber composition in an amount of 3 to 20 phr, preferably 5 to 15 phr, more preferably 8 to 12 phr, low surface area, or ultra-low surface area silica, and A rubber composition according to any one of claims 1 to 17, preferably comprising carbon black, which is present in the rubber composition in an amount of 0.5 to 40 phr, more preferably 10 to 30 phr, even more preferably 15 to 25 phr, and even more preferably 18 to 22 phr.

19. The aforementioned plasticizer system is as follows: T 0-90°C ｇ A first hydrocarbon resin having, T 0-90°C ｇ A second hydrocarbon resin having a second hydrocarbon resin which is different from the first hydrocarbon resin, The rubber composition comprises, preferably, at least one oil, wherein the total amount of the oil in the rubber composition is preferably 5 to 60 phr, more preferably 10 to 50 phr, even more preferably 20 to 40 phr, and even more preferably 25 to 35 phr. Preferably, the ratio of the amount of the first hydrocarbon resin in the rubber composition to the amount of the second hydrocarbon resin in the rubber composition, based on parts (phr) per 100 parts of the rubber, is 0.8:1.2 to 1.2:0.8, preferably 0.95:1.05 to 1.05:0.95, and more preferably substantially 1:

1. The rubber composition according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the total amount of the hydrocarbon resin in the rubber composition is at least 45 phr.

20. A pneumatic tire comprising the rubber composition according to any one of claims 1 to 19.

21. A pneumatic tire prepared from the rubber composition described in any one of claims 1 to 19.

22. Use of the rubber composition according to any one of claims 1 to 19 in the manufacture of a pneumatic tire.

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