Privacy glass

Abstract

The present invention relates to privacy glass and a method for manufacturing the same. Specifically, the present invention relates to privacy glass manufactured by a float process for use in vehicle windows and various other applications, including (but not limited to) architectural applications.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] Cross-reference of related applications This application claims priority to U.S. Patent Application No. 18 / 624,718 (filed April 2, 2024), which claims the interests of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 457,274 (filed April 5, 2023) and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 594,720 (filed October 31, 2023), the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. [Background technology]

[0002] Field of Invention The present invention relates to privacy glass and a method for manufacturing the same. Specifically, the present invention relates to privacy glass manufactured by a float process for use in vehicle windows and various other applications, including (but not limited to) architectural applications.

[0003] Description of related technology fields Various types of privacy glass are known in the art. While various glass color profiles and light transmittance characteristics are available, to date no one has been able to realize a glass composition that has both a very low level of light transmittance and a desired color profile. [Overview of the project]

[0004] This invention relates to the wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm, LA According to CIE Ilum "A", the visible light transmission (visible light transmission) of a 3.85 mm glass thickness is greater than 0 percent and less than or equal to 8 percent. LA 」), a in the range of -8 to 4.5 * , and b in the range of -12.5 to 15.5 * Regarding glass having [a certain characteristic].

[0005] The present invention further relates, in particular, to T over a wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm.LA Visible light transmittance (「T LA 」) by CIE Ilum“A” is more than 1 percent and not more than 7 percent, further more than 2 percent and not more than 6 percent, further more than 3 percent and not more than 5 percent, or further more than 2 percent and not more than 4 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm, and a * is in the range of -6 to 4, -5 to 1, or further in the range of -4.5 to 0.5, and b * is in the range of -5.5 to 12.5, -2 to 6, or further in the range of 0 to 5, relates to a method of making glass by providing a glass batch.

[0006] <00,00226>Further non-limiting embodiments or aspects are set forth and described in the following clauses.

[0007] Clause 1: A glass containing 64 to 75 wt% of SiO2; 10 to 20 wt% of Na2O; 5 to 15 wt% of CaO; 0 to 5 wt% of MgO; 0 to 3 wt% of Al2O3; 0 to 3 wt% of K2O; 0 to 1 wt% of SO3 (or further 0.1 to 0.35 wt% of SO3); and 1.65 to 3 wt% of total iron, preferably 1.7 to 2.4 wt% of total iron, or more preferably more than 2.0 to 2.15 wt% of total iron, and having a visible light transmittance (「T LA 」) by CIE Ilum“A” of more than 0 percent and not more than 8 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm over a wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm (preferably, a visible light transmittance (「T LA 」) by CIE Ilum“A” of more than 1 percent and not more than 7 percent, or further more than 2 percent and not more than 6 percent, or further more than 3 percent and not more than 5 percent, or further more than 2 percent and not more than 4 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm over a wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm), a in the range of -8 to 4.5 LA and b in the range of -10 to 7.5. LA is in the range of -10 to 7.5. *(Preferably a in the range of -6 to 4) * , or a in the range of -5 to 1 * , or even a in the range of -4.5 to 0.5 * ), and b in the range of -12.5 to 15.5 * (Preferably b in the range of -5.5 to 12.5) * , or b in the range of -2 to 6 * , or even b in the range of 0 to 5 * Glass having )

[0008] Item 2: The glass described in Item 1, comprising a redox ratio of at least 0.12 and at most 0.32.

[0009] Item 3: The glass according to either Item 1 or 2, comprising a redox ratio of at least 0.16 and at most 0.26, or further comprising a redox of at least 0.17 and at most 0.25.

[0010] Item 4: Glass as described in any of items 1 to 3, further containing 0.044 to 0.059 weight percent of CoO.

[0011] Item 5: Glass as described in any of items 1 to 3, further containing 0.0465 to 0.0565 weight percent of CoO.

[0012] Item 6: Glass as described in any of items 1 to 3, further containing 0.049 to 0.054 weight percent of CoO.

[0013] Item 7: The glass according to any one of items 1 to 6, further comprising 0.004 to 0.02 weight percent of selenium, preferably 0.005 to 0.018 weight percent of selenium, or even more preferably 0.006 to 0.008 weight percent of selenium.

[0014] Item 8: The glass according to any one of items 1 to 7, further comprising 0.0005 to 0.07 weight percent of Cr2O3, preferably 0.0009 to 0.06 weight percent of Cr2O3, or more preferably 0.001 to 0.05 weight percent of Cr2O3, or even more preferably 0.038 to 0.044 weight percent of Cr2O3. In another example, the glass contains 0.01 to 0.04 weight percent of Cr2O3.

[0015] Item 9: The glass according to any one of items 1 to 8, further comprising 0.0005 to 0.03 weight percent of CuO, preferably 0.0015 to 0.025 weight percent of CuO, or even more preferably 0.002 to 0.02 weight percent of CuO.

[0016] Item 10: The glass according to any one of items 1 to 9, further comprising 0.01 to 0.5 weight percent of TiO2, preferably 0.02 to 0.25 weight percent of TiO2, or even more preferably 0.03 to 0.1 weight percent of TiO2.

[0017] Item 11: Glass according to any of items 1 to 10, having an intermediate color that can be determined by the naked eye.

[0018] Item 12: Less than 8 percent in a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. UV Having, or preferably having less than 6 percent T in a glass thickness of 3.85 mm UV Having, or more preferably, T having less than 4 percent in a glass thickness of 3.85 mm UV Glass having any of the characteristics described in items 1 to 11.

[0019] Item 13: Visible light transmittance of less than 5 percent in a glass thickness of 3.85 mm ("T LA It has a visible light transmittance (T) of less than 4.5 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm, or preferably less than 4.5 percent. LAHaving a visible light transmittance ("T") of less than 4 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm, or more preferably, having a visible light transmittance of less than 4 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. LA Glass according to any one of items 1 to 12, having the following characteristics:

[0020] Item 14: A glass according to any one of items 1 to 13, having a solar direct transmittance (Te) of less than 12 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm, or preferably having a solar direct transmittance (Te) of less than 11 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm, or more preferably having a solar direct transmittance (Te) of less than 10 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm.

[0021] Item 15: Glass as described in any of items 1 to 14, used in one or more building or vehicle transparent materials.

[0022] Item 16: Glass as described in any of Items 1 to 14, used in one or more architectural or automotive transparent materials, wherein the architectural or automotive transparent material comprises one or more low-e (low emissivity) coatings, one or more anti-reflective coatings, one or more solar control coatings, one or more low-UV coatings and / or IRC coatings, or any combination of two or more thereof.

[0023] Item 17: A method for producing glass using a conventional float non-vacuum glass process, comprising: melting a glass batch to give a pool of molten glass; flowing the pool of molten glass onto a molten tin bath; controlling and cooling the molten glass to give glass of a desired thickness, moving the molten glass on the surface of the molten tin bath while applying force to the molten glass; and removing the glass from the molten tin bath, wherein the glass is 64-75% by weight of SiO2; 10- The glass comprises 20 wt percent Na2O; 5 to 15 wt percent CaO; 0 to 5 wt percent MgO; 0 to 3 wt percent Al2O3; 0 to 3 wt percent K2O; 0 to 1 wt percent SO3 (or even 0.1 to 0.35 wt percent SO3); and 1.65 to 3 wt percent total iron, preferably 1.7 to 2.4 wt percent total iron, or more preferably greater than 2.0 to 2.15 wt percent total iron, expressed as Fe2O3, and the glass has a wavelength of 380 nm to 780 nm, T LA According to CIE Ilum "A", the visible light transmittance is greater than 0 percent and less than 8 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm ("T LA ) (preferably, over a wavelength of 380 nm to 780 nm, T LA According to CIE Ilum "A", the visible light transmittance ("T") at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm is greater than 1 percent and 7 percent or less, or more than 2 percent and 6 percent or less, or more than 3 percent and 5 percent or less, or more than 2 percent and 4 percent or less. LA 」)), a in the range of -8 to 4.5 * (Preferably a in the range of -6 to 4) * , or a in the range of -5 to 1 * , or even a in the range of -4.5 to 0.5 * ), and b in the range of -12.5 to 15.5 * (Preferably b in the range of -5.5 to 12.5) * , or b in the range of -2 to 6 *, or even b in the range of 0 to 5 * A method having ).

[0024] Item 18: The method according to Item 17, wherein the glass has a redox ratio of at least 0.12 and at most 0.32.

[0025] Item 19: The method according to either item 17 or 18, wherein the glass includes a redox ratio of at least 0.16 and a maximum of 0.26, or further including a redox ratio of at least 0.17 and a maximum of 0.25.

[0026] Item 20: The method according to any one of items 17 to 19, wherein the glass further comprises 0.044 to 0.059 weight percent of CoO.

[0027] Item 21: The method according to any one of items 17 to 19, wherein the glass further comprises 0.0465 to 0.565 weight percent of CoO.

[0028] Item 22: The method according to any one of items 17 to 19, wherein the glass further comprises 0.049 to 0.054 weight percent of CoO.

[0029] Item 23: The method according to any one of items 17 to 22, wherein the glass further comprises 0.004 to 0.02 weight percent of selenium, preferably 0.005 to 0.018 weight percent of selenium, or even more preferably 0.006 to 0.008 weight percent of selenium.

[0030] Item 24: The method according to any one of items 17 to 23, wherein the glass further comprises 0.0005 to 0.07 weight percent of Cr2O3, preferably 0.0009 to 0.06 weight percent of Cr2O3, or even more preferably 0.001 to 0.05 weight percent of Cr2O3, or even more preferably 0.038 to 0.044 weight percent of Cr2O3. In another example, the glass comprises 0.01 to 0.04 weight percent of Cr2O3.

[0031] Item 25: The method according to any one of items 17 to 24, wherein the glass further comprises 0.0005 to 0.03 weight percent of CuO, preferably 0.0015 to 0.025 weight percent of CuO, or even more preferably 0.002 to 0.02 weight percent of CuO.

[0032] Item 26: The method according to any one of items 17 to 25, wherein the glass further comprises 0.01 to 0.5 weight percent of TiO2, preferably 0.02 to 0.25 weight percent of TiO2, or even more preferably 0.03 to 0.1 weight percent of TiO2.

[0033] Item 27: The method according to any one of items 17 to 26, wherein the glass has an intermediate color that can be determined by the naked eye.

[0034] Item 28: The glass is less than 8 percent of a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. UV Having, or preferably, the glass having less than 6 percent of a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. UV Having, or more preferably, the glass having less than 4 percent of a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. UV The method according to any one of items 17 to 27, wherein the method is the same as the method described in item 17 to 27.

[0035] Item 29: The glass has a visible light transmittance of less than 5 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm ("T LA The glass has a visible light transmittance (T) of less than 4.5 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. LA The glass has a visible light transmittance (T) of less than 4 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. LA The method according to any one of items 17 to 28, having the following characteristics:

[0036] Item 30: The method according to any one of items 17 to 29, wherein the glass has a direct solar transmittance (Te) of less than 12 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm, or preferably the glass has a direct solar transmittance (Te) of less than 11 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm, or more preferably the glass has a direct solar transmittance (Te) of less than 10 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm.

[0037] Item 31: A laminate comprising: a first layer including a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, wherein the first surface constitutes the outer surface of the laminate; a second layer including a third surface adjacent to the second surface and a fourth surface opposite to the third surface, wherein the fourth surface constitutes the inner surface of the laminate; and an intermediate layer disposed between the first layer and the second layer, wherein at least one of the first layer or the second layer is 64-75 weight percent SiO2; 10-20 weight percent Na2O The glass is formed from a glass containing 5-15 wt percent CaO; 0-5 wt percent MgO; 0-3 wt percent Al2O3; 0-3 wt percent K2O; 0-1 wt percent SO3 (or even 0.1-0.35 wt percent SO3); and 1.65-3 wt percent total iron, preferably 1.7-2.4 wt percent total iron, or more preferably greater than 2.0-2.15 wt percent total iron, expressed as Fe2O3, and the glass is formed from a glass containing T over a wavelength of 380 nm to 780 nm. LA According to CIE Ilum "A", the visible light transmittance is greater than 0 percent and less than 8 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm ("T LA ) (preferably, over a wavelength of 380 nm to 780 nm, T LA According to CIE Ilum "A", the visible light transmittance ("T") at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm is greater than 1 percent and 7 percent or less, or more than 2 percent and 6 percent or less, or more than 3 percent and 5 percent or less, or more than 2 percent and 4 percent or less. LA」)), a in the range of -8 to 4.5 * (Preferably a in the range of -6 to 4) * , or a in the range of -5 to 1 * , or even a in the range of -4.5 to 0.5 * ), and b in the range of -12.5 to 15.5 * (Preferably b in the range of -5.5 to 12.5) * , or b in the range of -2 to 6 * , or even b in the range of 0 to 5 * A laminate having ).

[0038] Item 32: The laminate according to Item 31, wherein the glass has a redox ratio of at least 0.12 and at most 0.32.

[0039] Item 33: The laminate according to either item 31 or 32, wherein the glass comprises a redox ratio of at least 0.16 and a maximum of 0.26, or further a redox ratio of at least 0.17 and a maximum of 0.25.

[0040] Item 34: The laminate according to any one of items 31 to 33, wherein the glass further comprises 0.044 to 0.059 weight percent of CoO.

[0041] Item 35: The laminate according to any one of items 31 to 33, wherein the glass further comprises 0.0465 to 0.565 weight percent of CoO.

[0042] Item 36: The laminate according to any one of items 31 to 33, wherein the glass further comprises 0.049 to 0.054 weight percent of CoO.

[0043] Item 37: The laminate according to any one of items 31 to 36, wherein the glass further comprises 0.004 to 0.02 weight percent of selenium, preferably 0.005 to 0.018 weight percent of selenium, or even more preferably 0.006 to 0.008 weight percent of selenium.

[0044] Item 38: The laminate according to any one of items 31 to 37, wherein the glass further comprises 0.0005 to 0.07 weight percent of Cr2O3, preferably 0.0009 to 0.06 weight percent of Cr2O3, or even more preferably 0.001 to 0.05 weight percent of Cr2O3, or even more preferably 0.038 to 0.044 weight percent of Cr2O3. In another example, the glass comprises 0.01 to 0.04 weight percent of Cr2O3.

[0045] Item 39: The laminate according to any one of items 31 to 38, wherein the glass further comprises 0.0005 to 0.03 weight percent of CuO, preferably 0.0015 to 0.025 weight percent of CuO, or even more preferably 0.002 to 0.02 weight percent of CuO.

[0046] Item 40: The laminate according to any one of items 31 to 39, wherein the glass further comprises 0.01 to 0.5 weight percent of TiO2, preferably 0.02 to 0.25 weight percent of TiO2, or even more preferably 0.03 to 0.1 weight percent of TiO2.

[0047] Item 41: The laminate according to any one of items 31 to 40, wherein the glass has an intermediate color that can be determined by the naked eye.

[0048] Item 42: The glass is less than 8 percent of a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. UV Having, or preferably, the glass having less than 6 percent of a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. UV Having, or more preferably, the glass having less than 4 percent of a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. UV A laminate according to any one of items 31 to 41, having the following characteristics.

[0049] Item 43: The glass has a visible light transmittance of less than 5 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm ("T LAThe glass has a visible light transmittance (T) of less than 4.5 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. LA The glass has a visible light transmittance (T) of less than 4 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. LA A laminate according to any one of items 31 to 42, having the following characteristics:

[0050] Item 44: The laminate according to any one of items 31 to 43, wherein the glass has a direct solar transmittance (Te) of less than 12 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm, preferably the glass has a direct solar transmittance (Te) of less than 11 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm, or more preferably the glass has a direct solar transmittance (Te) of less than 10 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm.

[0051] Item 45: The laminate according to any one of items 31 to 44, wherein both the first layer and the second layer are formed from glass having the composition described in any one of items 31 to 44.

[0052] Item 46: The laminate according to any one of items 31 to 45, wherein the intermediate layer comprises at least one layer of polyvinyl butyral (PVB).

[0053] Item 47: A laminate according to any one of items 31 to 46, used in one or more building or vehicle transparent materials.

[0054] Item 48: A laminate according to any one of items 31 to 46, used in one or more architectural or automotive transparent materials, wherein the architectural or automotive transparent material comprises one or more low-e (low emissivity) coatings, one or more anti-reflective coatings, one or more solar radiation control coatings, one or more low-UV coatings and / or IRC coatings, or any two or more combination thereof.

[0055] Item 49: A method for reducing the visible light transmittance of a glass plate, comprising: melting a glass batch to provide a pool of molten glass; and cooling the molten glass batch to provide molten glass, wherein the glass comprises 1.65 to 3 weight percent of total iron, preferably 1.7 to 2.4 weight percent of total iron, or more preferably more than 2.0 to 2.15 weight percent of total iron, expressed as Fe2O3, and the glass has a visible light transmittance over a wavelength of 380 nm to 780 nm. LA According to CIE Ilum "A", the visible light transmittance is greater than 0 percent and less than 8 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm ("T LA ) (preferably, over a wavelength of 380 nm to 780 nm, T LA According to CIE Ilum "A", the visible light transmittance ("T") at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm is greater than 1 percent and 7 percent or less, or more than 2 percent and 6 percent or less, or more than 3 percent and 5 percent or less, or more than 2 percent and 4 percent or less. LA 」)), a in the range of -8 to 4.5 * (Preferably a in the range of -6 to 4) * , or a in the range of -5 to 1 * , or even a in the range of -4.5 to 0.5 * ), and b in the range of -12.5 to 15.5 * (Preferably b in the range of -5.5 to 12.5) * , or b in the range of -2 to 6 * , or even b in the range of 0 to 5 * A method comprising: having; flowing the pool of molten glass onto a molten tin bath; controlling and cooling the molten glass to give it a desired thickness, moving the molten glass on the surface of the molten tin bath while applying force to the molten glass; and removing the glass from the molten tin bath.

[0056] Item 50: The method according to Item 49, wherein the glass has a redox ratio of at least 0.12 and at most 0.32.

[0057] Item 51: The method according to Item 49, wherein the glass comprises a redox ratio of at least 0.16 and a maximum of 0.26, or further a redox ratio of at least 0.17 and a maximum of 0.25.

[0058] Item 52: The method according to any one of items 49 to 51, wherein the glass further comprises 0.044 to 0.059 weight percent of CoO.

[0059] Item 53: The method according to any one of items 49 to 51, wherein the glass further comprises 0.0465 to 0.0565 weight percent of CoO.

[0060] Item 54: The method according to any one of items 49 to 51, wherein the glass further comprises 0.049 to 0.054 weight percent of CoO.

[0061] Item 55: The method according to any one of items 49 to 54, wherein the glass further comprises 0.004 to 0.02 weight percent of selenium, preferably 0.005 to 0.018 weight percent of selenium, or more preferably 0.006 to 0.008 weight percent of selenium.

[0062] Item 56: The method according to any one of items 49 to 55, wherein the glass further comprises 0.0005 to 0.07 weight percent of Cr2O3, preferably 0.0009 to 0.06 weight percent of Cr2O3, or more preferably 0.001 to 0.05 weight percent of Cr2O3, or even more preferably 0.038 to 0.044 weight percent of Cr2O3. In another example, the glass comprises 0.01 to 0.04 weight percent of Cr2O3.

[0063] Item 57: The method according to any one of items 49 to 56, wherein the glass further comprises 0.0005 to 0.03 weight percent of CuO, preferably 0.0015 to 0.025 weight percent of CuO, or even more preferably 0.002 to 0.02 weight percent of CuO.

[0064] Item 58: The method according to any one of items 49 to 57, wherein the glass further comprises 0.01 to 0.5 weight percent of TiO2, preferably 0.02 to 0.25 weight percent of TiO2, or even more preferably 0.03 to 0.1 weight percent of TiO2.

[0065] Item 59: The method according to any one of items 49 to 58, wherein the glass has an intermediate color that can be determined by the naked eye.

[0066] Item 60: The glass is less than 8 percent of a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. UV Having, or preferably, the glass having less than 6 percent of a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. UV Having, or more preferably, the glass having less than 4 percent of a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. UV The method described in any of paragraphs 49 to 59, wherein the method is the same as the method described in any of paragraphs 49 to 59.

[0067] Item 61: The glass has a visible light transmittance of less than 5 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm ("T LA The glass has a visible light transmittance (T) of less than 4.5 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. LA The glass has a visible light transmittance (T) of less than 4 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. LA The method according to any one of items 49 to 60, having the following characteristics:

[0068] Item 62: The method according to any one of items 49 to 61, wherein the glass has a direct solar transmittance (Te) of less than 12 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm, preferably the glass has a direct solar transmittance (Te) of less than 11 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm, or more preferably the glass has a direct solar transmittance (Te) of less than 10 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm.

[0069] Item 63: The glass has a visible light transmittance (denoted as "T") that exceeds 0 percent and is 8 percent or less, preferably exceeding 1 percent and being 7 percent or less, according to CIE Illum"A" at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm over a wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm, an "a" in the range of -6 to 4, and a "b" in the range of -5.5 to 12.5, as described in any of Items 40 to 62. LA CIE Ilum“A” at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm over a wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm and is greater than 0 percent and 8 percent or less (denoted as "T LA "), preferably, over a wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm, T LA CIE Ilum“A” at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm and is greater than 1 percent and 7 percent or less (denoted as "T LA "), an "a" in the range of -6 to 4 * and a "b" in the range of -5.5 to 12.5 * for the method according to any of Items 40 to 62.

[0070] Item 64: The glass has an "a" in the range of -5 to 1, or further an "a" in the range of -4.5 to 0.5, and a "b" in the range of -2 to 6, or further a "b" in the range of 0 to 5, for the method according to any of Items 49 to 63. * or further an "a" in the range of -4.5 to 0.5 * and a "b" in the range of -2 to 6 * or further a "b" in the range of 0 to 5 * for the method according to any of Items 49 to 63.

[0071] Item 65: The glass has L * in the range of 10 to 35, preferably in the range of 13 to 28, or more preferably in the range of 15 to 26, or even more preferably in the range of 15.5 to 25.5, for the method according to any of Items 49 to 64.

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0072] Unless otherwise indicated, all numbers representing sizes, physical properties, amounts of components, reaction conditions, and others used in this specification and the claims include starting and ending range values and encompass any and all sub-ranges included within those range values. For example, a specified range of "1 to 10" is considered to include any and all sub-ranges (including the minimum value of 1 and the maximum value of 10) between 1 and 10.

[0073] Any reference to compositional amounts, unless otherwise specified, is in "weight percentages" based on the total weight of the final glass composition. The "total iron" content of the glass compositions disclosed herein is expressed in Fe2O3 in accordance with standard analytical practice, regardless of the form in which it actually exists. Similarly, the amount of iron in the ferrous state is reported as FeO, even if the iron in the ferrous state is not actually present in the glass as FeO. The terms "redox," "redox ratio," or "iron redox ratio" mean the amount of iron in the ferrous state (expressed as FeO) divided by the amount of total iron (expressed as Fe2O3). The "sulfur" content of the glass compositions disclosed herein is expressed in SO3 in accordance with standard analytical practice, regardless of the form in which it actually exists.

[0074] Where used herein, the "visible transmittance" value is determined using the conventional CIE Illuminant A and a 2-degree observer angle. Those skilled in the art will understand that even if the actual thickness of the measured glass sample differs from the reference thickness, properties such as visible transmittance can be calculated using an equivalent reference thickness, for example, 3.85 millimeters (mm).

[0075] All documents referenced herein, such as, but not limited to, issued patents and patent applications, shall be deemed to be incorporated in their entirety by reference.

[0076] Iron can be found in glass in two different oxidation states: namely, iron in the divalent iron state (Fe 2+ , represented as ferrous oxide (FeO), and iron in the trivalent iron state (Fe 3+ (It is represented as ferric oxide (Fe2O3)).

number

[0077] The term "redox ratio" means the amount of iron in the divalent iron state (represented as FeO) divided by the amount of total iron (represented as Fe2O3).

[0078] As can be understood by those skilled in the art, controlling the redox of a glass composition is achieved by controlling the conditions under which the glass is made. Many such factors can affect the redox. The concentration of a reducing agent (e.g., carbon, etc.) and the concentration of an oxidizing agent (e.g., sodium sulfate, etc.) can each affect the redox. For example, sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) may be added as a raw material to a glass batch for bubble removal, high-temperature purification, promotion of mass transport, dissolution of free silica on the glass surface, and reduction in the number of solid inclusions. However, Na2SO4 has oxidizing properties, and as a result, a small amount of carbon is usually added to the mixture to counteract undesirable oxidation. Further, Na2SO4 is converted to SO3 during the glass manufacturing process, and in this case, SO3 has an inverse correlation with the redox, while sulfur has a direct correlation with the redox. Finally, melting conditions, such as changing the oxygen excess during combustion in a furnace or adjusting the flame direction, etc., may further affect the redox.

[0079] In one aspect of the present invention, the present invention has a visible light transmittance ( "T" LA greater than 0 percent and less than or equal to 8 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm according to CIE Ilum"A" over a wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm ( "T" LA "), (preferably, greater than 1 percent and less than or equal to 7 percent, or further greater than 2 percent and less than or equal to 6 percent, or further greater than 3 percent and less than or equal to 5 percent, or further greater than 2 percent and less than or equal to 4 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm according to CIE Ilum"A" over a wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm, a visible light transmittance ( "T" LA "), and an a in the range of -8 to 4.5 LA "), *(Preferably a in the range of -6 to 4) * , or a in the range of -5 to 1 * , or even a in the range of -4.5 to 0.5 * ), and b in the range of -12.5 to 15.5 * (Preferably b in the range of -5.5 to 12.5) * , or b in the range of -2 to 6 * , or even b in the range of 0 to 5 * Includes glass having ). The glass is L * It may have a range of 10 to 35, preferably 13 to 28, more preferably 15 to 26, or even more preferably 15.5 to 25.5.

[0080] In another embodiment, the present invention further comprises 0.044 to 0.059 weight percent of CoO, or 0.0465 to 0.0565 weight percent of CoO, or even 0.049 to 0.054 weight percent of CoO. The addition of CoO contributes to neutralizing the color of the glass, while simultaneously providing a luminescence over a wavelength of 380 nm to 780 nm. LA With CIE Ilum "A", a glass thickness of 3.85 mm achieves a T of over 0 percent to 10 percent. LA It also contributes to achieving a range, or a range greater than 0 percent but less than 9 percent, or a range of 0.5 percent but less than 8 percent, or a range of 1 percent but less than 7 percent, or even a range of 2 percent but less than 6 percent, or even a range of 3 percent but 5 percent or less, or even a range of 2 percent but 4 percent or less.

[0081] With respect to the weight percentages of various compounds added to the glass compositions disclosed herein, such additives can be viewed as any weight percentage described for any of the desired additives, and such weight percentages are calculated based on 100 parts by weight of the base glass composition.

[0082] According to the present invention, the following performance characteristics are measured as described below: Ultraviolet Transmittance (T UV ) is measured over the wavelength range of 300nm to 400nm using the ISO 13837 standard. In addition, if applicable, visible light transmittance (T LA ) is measured using the CIE standard illuminant (light source) "A" over the wavelength range of 380nm to 780nm; direct sunlight transmittance (Te) is measured over the wavelength range of 300nm to 2500nm using the ISO 13837 standard; infrared transmittance (T) IR ) is measured over the wavelength range of 800nm ​​to 2500nm using the ISO 13837 standard; total solar energy transmittance (T ts ) is measured using the ISO 13837 standard. If applicable, T UV , T IR and T ts The transmittance data is calculated using Parry Moon air mass 1.5 direct solar irradiance data, as is known in the art, and integrated using the trapezoidal rule.

[0083] In addition, the color variables (L) of the color system CIELAB 1976 * a * and b * One or more of these are also calculated using tristimulus values.

[0084] Glass may be melted and refined in continuous, large-scale commercial glass melting operations. Glass can also be formed into flat glass sheets of various thicknesses by the float method, in which the molten glass is supported on a pool of molten metal, usually tin, as the molten glass is cooled in a ribbon-like shape in a manner widely known in the art.

[0085] It should be noted that in any of the methods disclosed herein, coal may be used in batch chemistry to form the various glasses disclosed herein. In another example, coal in batch chemistry can be replaced in a 1:1 ratio with any other suitable alternative carbon source, including (but not limited to) graphite. If this modification is made, no other modifications are required for batch chemistry in any of the embodiments described above. In addition, if an electric furnace is used to process the batch chemistry, the amount of coal or other carbon source must be varied accordingly, in light of the fact that the processing environment present in the electric furnace differs from that of a gas furnace. In one example that is not limited, since coal or other carbon source is considered a reducing agent, the amount of carbon used must be varied based on the atmospheric composition and / or environmental properties present in the furnace used to process a desired batch of glass according to any embodiment of the present invention.

[0086] As is known in the art, glass recycling is an integral part of various types of glass manufacturing. As such, in some cases, the present invention may utilize one or more sources of glass cullet (i.e., recycled glass material). As is known, there are two types of cullet: internal and external. Internal cullet consists of defective products detected and rejected by quality control processes during the industrial process of glass manufacturing, transitional products for product changes (e.g., changes in thickness and color), and production scraps, while external cullet is waste glass collected or reprocessed for recycling. External cullet may be classified as waste because it may be before or after reaching the consumer. In some embodiments, the present invention may utilize any suitable type of cullet, whether internal or external. If a large amount of external cullet is added to any of the batch chemistry detailed above, the amount of Fe2S additive should be adjusted accordingly if such external cullet consists of more than 50 weight percent of visually clear glass, as opposed to glass that appears either green or blue-green.

[0087] As should be understood, the present invention is not limited to glass compositions, but rather relates to glass compositions that can be used to form various glass-containing articles in which one or more layers of glass are desirable, according to any of the embodiments disclosed herein. Such glass-containing articles may include, but are not limited to, display screens, architectural materials, transparent materials, and automotive transparent materials.

[0088] In another example, the glass compositions of the present invention can be used to form a transparent material that can be used in any desired building or vehicle application, in which case such a transparent material may be monolithic (i.e., one-layer), multilayer, or even multilayer laminated (e.g., laminated vehicle transparent material). It should be noted that any suitable layered or even non-layered structure may be formed to contain at least one glass layer of the present invention. Since various such structures are known to those skilled in the art, a detailed discussion herein is omitted for brevity.

[0089] In yet another embodiment, the glass of the present invention may be coated with one or more coatings known to those skilled in the art. Such coatings include, but are not limited to, one or more low-e (low emissivity) coatings, one or more anti-reflective coatings, one or more solar radiation-modulating coatings (e.g., those capable of modifying the amount of transmitted, reflected, and absorbed solar radiation in the solar radiation range between 300 and 2500 nm), one or more low-UV coatings and / or IRC (near-IR) coatings, or any combination of two or more thereof. Some unspecified examples of suitable coatings are contained in U.S. Patent No. 11,479,502 and International Publication WO2014 / 058290, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

[0090] Therefore, in light of the above, in one embodiment of the present invention, the glass comprises 64-75 wt percent SiO2; 10-20 wt percent Na2O; 5-15 wt percent CaO; 0-5 wt percent MgO; 0-3 wt percent Al2O3; 0-3 wt percent K2O; 0-1 wt percent SO3 (or even 0.1-0.35 wt percent SO3); and 1.65-3 wt percent total iron, provided that the glass has a wavelength of 380 nm to 780 nm, T LAAccording to CIE Ilum "A", the visible light transmittance is greater than 0 percent and less than 8 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm ("T LA ) (preferably, over a wavelength of 380 nm to 780 nm, T LA According to CIE Ilum "A", the visible light transmittance ("T") at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm is greater than 1 percent and 7 percent or less, or more than 2 percent and 6 percent or less, or more than 3 percent and 5 percent or less, or more than 2 percent and 4 percent or less. LA 」)), a in the range of -8 to 4.5 * (Preferably a in the range of -6 to 4) * , or a in the range of -5 to 1 * , or even a in the range of -4.5 to 0.5 * ), and b in the range of -12.5 to 15.5 * (Preferably b in the range of -5.5 to 12.5) * , or b in the range of -2 to 6 * , or even b in the range of 0 to 5 * ) has. The glass is L * The redox ratio may be in the range of 10 to 35, preferably in the range of 13 to 28, more preferably in the range of 15 to 26, or even more preferably in the range of 15.5 to 25.5. In another example, the glass further comprises a redox ratio of at least 0.12 and at most 0.32, or even more preferably at least 0.13 and at most 0.31. In yet another example, the glass further comprises one or more of 0.044 to 0.059 weight percent of CoO, 0.004 to 0.02 weight percent of selenium, 0.0005 to 0.07 weight percent of Cr2O3, 0.0005 to 0.03 weight percent of CuO, and / or 0.01 to 0.5 weight percent of TiO2.

[0091] In one embodiment, the glass contains 1.7 to 2.6 weight percent of total iron, or 1.8 to 2.4 weight percent of total iron, or 1.9 to 2.3 weight percent of total iron, or even more than 2.0 to 2.15 weight percent of total iron.

[0092] In yet another example, the glass contains 0.044–0.059 weight percent of CoO. In yet another example, the glass contains 0.0465–0.0565 weight percent of CoO. In yet another example, the glass contains 0.049–0.054 weight percent of CoO.

[0093] In yet another example, the glass has intermediate colors that can be judged by the naked eye. In yet another example, the glass has less than 8 percent T in a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. UV The glass has, or preferably, less than 6 percent of a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. UV The glass has, or more preferably, less than 4 percent of a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. UV It holds.

[0094] In yet another example, glass has a visible light transmittance of less than 5 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm ("T LA The glass has a visible light transmittance (T) of less than 4.5 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. LA The glass has a visible light transmittance (T) of less than 4 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. LA It has ''.

[0095] In yet another example, the glass has a solar direct transmittance (Te) of less than 12 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm, or preferably the glass has a solar direct transmittance (Te) of less than 11 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm, or even more preferably the glass has a solar direct transmittance (Te) of less than 10 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm.

[0096] In yet another example, glass has a thickness of 3.85 mm and is 2 percent to 21 percent T IR The glass has, or preferably, a thickness of 3.85 mm, with a glass thickness of 3 percent to 20 percent. IR The glass has, or more preferably, 4 percent to 18 percent T in a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. IR or, more preferably, 5 percent to 13 percent of T in a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. IR It holds.

[0097] In yet another example, the glass has Te in a thickness of 3.85 mm that is 2 to 14 percent, or preferably the glass has Te in a thickness of 3.85 mm that is 3 to 13 percent, or more preferably the glass has Te in a thickness of 3.85 mm that is 4 to 10 percent, or even more preferably the glass has Te in a thickness of 3.85 mm that is 5 to 9 percent.

[0098] In yet another example, glass has a thickness of 3.85 mm and is 26 to 38 percent T ts The glass has, or preferably, a thickness of 3.85 mm, with a percentage of 28 to 36 percent. tsThe glass has, or more preferably, a thickness of 3.85 mm in which 29 to 33 percent of the glass is T ts It holds.

[0099] In yet another example, any of the glass of the above embodiments may be used in one or more architectural or automotive transparent materials. In yet another example, any of the glass of the above embodiments may be used in one or more architectural or automotive transparent materials, such architectural and / or automotive transparent materials may include one or more low-e (low emissivity) coatings, one or more anti-reflective coatings, one or more solar radiation control coatings, one or more low-UV coatings and / or IRC coatings, or any two or more combination thereof.

[0100] Therefore, in light of the above, in another embodiment of the present invention, a method for producing glass using a conventional float non-vacuum glass process comprises: melting a glass batch to give a pool of molten glass; flowing the pool of molten glass onto a molten tin bath; controlling and cooling the molten glass to give glass of a desired thickness, moving the molten glass on the surface of the molten tin bath while applying force to the molten glass; and removing the glass from the molten tin bath, wherein the glass contains 64-75 wt percent SiO2; 10-20 wt percent Na2O; 5-15 wt percent CaO; 0-5 wt percent MgO; 0-3 wt percent Al2O3; 0-3 wt percent K2O; 0-1 wt percent SO3 (or even 0.1-0.35 wt percent SO3); and 1.65-3 wt percent total iron expressed as Fe2O3, and the glass is volatile over wavelengths of 380 nm to 780 nm. LA According to CIE Ilum "A", the visible light transmittance is greater than 0 percent and less than 8 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm ("T LA ) (preferably, over a wavelength of 380 nm to 780 nm, T LAAccording to CIE Ilum "A", the visible light transmittance ("T") at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm is greater than 1 percent and 7 percent or less, or more than 2 percent and 6 percent or less, or more than 3 percent and 5 percent or less, or more than 2 percent and 4 percent or less. LA 」)), a in the range of -8 to 4.5 * (Preferably a in the range of -6 to 4) * , or a in the range of -5 to 1 * , or even a in the range of -4.5 to 0.5 * ), and b in the range of -12.5 to 15.5 * (Preferably b in the range of -5.5 to 12.5) * , or b in the range of -2 to 6 * , or even b in the range of 0 to 5 * ) has. The glass is L * The redox ratio may be in the range of 10 to 35, preferably in the range of 13 to 28, more preferably in the range of 15 to 26, or even more preferably in the range of 15.5 to 25.5. In another example, the glass further comprises a redox ratio of at least 0.12 and at most 0.32, or even more preferably at least 0.13 and at most 0.31. In yet another example, the glass further comprises one or more of 0.044 to 0.059 weight percent of CoO, 0.004 to 0.02 weight percent of selenium, 0.0005 to 0.07 weight percent of Cr2O3, 0.0005 to 0.03 weight percent of CuO, and / or 0.01 to 0.5 weight percent of TiO2.

[0101] In yet another example, the glass of this method has intermediate colors that can be determined by the naked eye. In yet another example, the glass of this method has less than 8 percent T in a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. UV The glass has, or preferably, less than 6 percent of a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. UVThe glass has, or more preferably, less than 4 percent of a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. UV It holds.

[0102] In yet another example, the glass of this method has a visible light transmittance of less than 5 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm ("T LA The glass has, or more preferably, a visible light transmittance (T) of less than 4.5 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. LA Glass having, or more preferably, a visible light transmittance (T) of less than 4 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. LA It has ''.

[0103] In yet another example, the glass of this method has a direct sunlight transmittance (Te) of less than 12 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm, or preferably the glass has a direct sunlight transmittance (Te) of less than 11 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm, or even more preferably the glass has a direct sunlight transmittance (Te) of less than 10 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm.

[0104] In yet another example, the glass of this method has a thickness of 3.85 mm and is 2 percent to 21 percent T IR The glass has, or preferably, a thickness of 3.85 mm, with a T of 3 to 20 percent. IR The glass has, or more preferably, 4 percent to 18 percent T in a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. IR or, more preferably, 5 percent to 13 percent of T in a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. IR It holds.

[0105] In yet another example, the glass of this method has Te at a thickness of 3.85 mm, preferably 2 to 14 percent, or preferably 3 to 13 percent, or more preferably 4 to 10 percent, or even more preferably 5 to 9 percent, or even more preferably 5 to 9 percent, or even more preferably 3.85 mm, Te.

[0106] In yet another example, the glass of this method has a thickness of 3.85 mm and is 26 to 38 percent T ts The glass has, or preferably, 28 percent to 36 percent T in a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. ts The glass has, or more preferably, a thickness of 3.85 mm in which 29 to 33 percent of the glass is T ts It holds.

[0107] In yet another example, any of the glass of the above method may be used in one or more architectural or automotive transparent materials. In yet another example, any of the glass of the above method may be used in one or more architectural or automotive transparent materials, such architectural and / or automotive transparent materials may include one or more low-e (low emissivity) coatings, one or more anti-reflective coatings, one or more solar radiation control coatings, one or more low-UV coatings and / or IRC coatings, or any two or more of these.

[0108] Accordingly, in light of the foregoing, in another embodiment of the present invention, the laminate includes: a first layer comprising a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, wherein the first surface constitutes the outer surface of the laminate; a second layer comprising a third surface adjacent to the second surface and a fourth surface opposite to the third surface, wherein the fourth surface constitutes the inner surface of the laminate; and an intermediate layer disposed between the first layer and the second layer, wherein at least the first layer or the second layer One side is formed from a glass containing 64-75 wt percent SiO2; 10-20 wt percent Na2O; 5-15 wt percent CaO; 0-5 wt percent MgO; 0-3 wt percent Al2O3; 0-3 wt percent K2O; 0-1 wt percent SO3 (or even 0.1-0.35 wt percent SO3); and 1.65-3 wt percent total iron expressed as Fe2O3, and the glass ionized over wavelengths of 380 nm to 780 nm. LA According to CIE Ilum "A", the visible light transmittance is greater than 0 percent and less than 8 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm ("T LA ) (preferably, over a wavelength of 380 nm to 780 nm, T LA According to CIE Ilum "A", the visible light transmittance ("T") at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm is greater than 1 percent and 7 percent or less, or more than 2 percent and 6 percent or less, or more than 3 percent and 5 percent or less, or more than 2 percent and 4 percent or less. LA 」)), a in the range of -8 to 4.5 * (Preferably a in the range of -6 to 4) * , or a in the range of -5 to 1 * , or even a in the range of -4.5 to 0.5 * ), and b in the range of -12.5 to 15.5 * (Preferably b in the range of -5.5 to 12.5) * , or b in the range of -2 to 6 * , or even b in the range of 0 to 5 * ) has. The glass is L *The redox ratio may be in the range of 10 to 35, preferably in the range of 13 to 28, more preferably in the range of 15 to 26, or even more preferably in the range of 15.5 to 25.5. In another example, the glass further comprises a redox ratio of at least 0.12 and at most 0.32, or even more preferably at least 0.13 and at most 0.31. In yet another example, the glass further comprises one or more of 0.044 to 0.059 weight percent of CoO, 0.004 to 0.02 weight percent of selenium, 0.0005 to 0.07 weight percent of Cr2O3, 0.0005 to 0.03 weight percent of CuO, and / or 0.01 to 0.5 weight percent of TiO2.

[0109] In yet another example, at least one glass layer of the laminate has an intermediate color that is discernible to the naked eye. In yet another example, at least one glass layer of the laminate has a glass thickness of 3.85 mm and is less than 8 percent T UV The glass has, or preferably, less than 6 percent of a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. UV The glass has, or more preferably, less than 4 percent of a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. UV It holds.

[0110] In yet another example, at least one glass layer of this laminate has a visible light transmittance of less than 5 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm ("T"). LA The glass has a visible light transmittance (T) of less than 4.5 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. LA The glass has a visible light transmittance (T) of less than 4 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. LA It has ''.

[0111] In yet another example, at least one glass layer of the laminate has a direct sunlight transmittance (Te) of less than 12 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm, or preferably the glass has a direct sunlight transmittance (Te) of less than 11 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm, or even more preferably the glass has a direct sunlight transmittance (Te) of less than 10 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm.

[0112] In yet another example, at least one glass layer of this laminate is 2 percent to 21 percent T with a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. IR The glass has, or preferably, a thickness of 3.85 mm, with a glass thickness of 3 percent to 20 percent. IR Having, or more preferably, the glass is 4 percent to 18 percent in a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. IR or, more preferably, 5 percent to 13 percent of T in a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. IR It holds.

[0113] In yet another example, at least one glass layer of the laminate has Te at a rate of 2 to 14 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm, or preferably the glass has Te at a rate of 3 to 13 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm, or more preferably the glass has Te at a rate of 4 to 10 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm, or even more preferably 5 to 9 percent at a glass thickness of 3.85 mm.

[0114] In yet another example, at least one glass layer of this laminate is 26 to 38 percent T with a glass thickness of 3.85 mm. ts The glass has, or preferably, a thickness of 3.85 mm, with a percentage of 28 to 36 percent. tsThe glass has, or more preferably, a thickness of 3.85 mm in which 29 to 33 percent of the glass is T ts It holds.

[0115] In yet another example, any of the laminates of the above embodiments can be used in one or more architectural or automotive transparent materials. In yet another example, any of the laminates of the above embodiments can be used in one or more architectural or automotive transparent materials, such architectural and / or automotive transparent materials include one or more low-e (low emissivity) coatings, one or more anti-reflective coatings, one or more solar radiation control coatings, one or more low-UV coatings and / or IRC coatings, or any two or more combination thereof.

[0116] With respect to any numerical values ​​disclosed herein (including one or more numerical values ​​in any one or more examples in the tables contained herein), whether the individual values ​​are values ​​in one or more examples or values ​​that are part of one or more numerical ranges, any of these individual numerical values ​​can be combined with other numerical values ​​of a similar nature to form a new and / or undisclosed range. That is, any individual redox numerical value can be combined with other different redox numerical values ​​to produce a new undisclosed redox numerical value. Furthermore, any individual numerical value of a given composition component, a given batch component, a given solar radiation characteristic, or even a given color characteristic can be combined with other different individual numerical values ​​of a given composition component, a given batch component, a given solar radiation characteristic, or even further given color characteristics to produce a new undisclosed numerical range for one or more of the given composition components, a given batch component, a given solar radiation characteristic, or even further given color characteristics.

[0117] As shown in the table below, the following colorant formulations represent non-limited embodiments for use in connection with any of the glass batch formulations described herein. [Table 1] [Table 2] [Table 3] [Table 4] [Table 5] [Table 6] [Table 7] [Table 8] [Table 9] [Table 10] [Table 11] [Table 12]

[0118] Regarding the various solar radiation characteristics in Tables 1 to 12 above, the following T UVThe value is determined by ISO13837, air mass 1.5, wavelength range 300nm~400nm, and the Te value is determined by ISO13837, air mass 1.5, wavelength range 300nm~2500nm, T IR The value is determined by ISO13837, air mass 1.5, and wavelength range of 800nm ​​to 2500nm. ts The value was determined by ISO13837, v=4m / seg, T LA Please note that the value is determined by CIE Ilum "A" and the wavelength range of 380nm to 780nm.

[0119] Once the proposed properties for the glass composition are achieved in accordance with the scope of the present invention, various other modifications may be applied without departing from those described in the following patent claims. Therefore, the specific embodiments described in detail herein are illustrative and do not limit the scope of the invention; rather, the scope of the invention is given to the entire scope of the appended patent claims and all their equivalents.

Claims

1. SiO ２ 64-75% by weight; Na ２ 10-20% by weight of O; CaO at 5-15 weight percent; MgO 0-5 weight percent; Al ２ O ３ 0-3% by weight; K ２ O to 0-3 weight percent; SO ３ 0 to 1 weight percent; Fe ２ O ３ Total iron as a percentage of 1.65 to 3 by weight, CoO at 0.044-0.059 weight percent, Cr ２ O ３ is 0.0005 to 0.07 weight percent, CuO at 0.0005 to 0.03 weight percent, A redox ratio of at least 0.12 and at most 0.

32. Glass containing glass.

2. Over a wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm, T ＬＡ According to CIE Ilum "A", visible light transmittance of more than 0 percent and 8 percent or less in a glass thickness of 3.85 mm ("T ＬＡ The glass according to claim 1, having the following characteristics:

3. a in the range of -8 to 4.5 ＊ , and b in the range of -12.5 to 15.5 ＊ The glass according to claim 1 or 2, having the following characteristics.

4. The glass according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising 0.004 to 0.02 weight percent of selenium.

5. The glass according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising 0.044 to 0.059 weight percent of CoO.

6. 0.01–0.5 weight percent of TiO ２ The glass according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising:

7. The glass according to any one of claims 1 to 6, used in one or more transparent materials for buildings or vehicles.

8. The glass according to any one of claims 1 to 7, used in one or more transparent building materials or transparent vehicle materials, wherein the transparent building material or transparent vehicle material includes one or more low-e coatings, one or more anti-reflective coatings, one or more solar radiation control coatings, one or more low-UV coatings and / or IRC coatings, or a combination of two or more of these.

9. The glass according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the redox ratio is at least 0.16 and at most 0.

32.

10. The glass according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the redox ratio is at least 0.17 and at most 0.

25.

11. The glass according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the CoO is in the range of 0.0465 to 0.0565 weight percent.

12. The glass according to claim 4, wherein the selenium is in the range of 0.005 to 0.018 weight percent.

13. The aforementioned Cr ２ O ３ The glass according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the weight is in the range of 0.001 to 0.05 percent.

14. The aforementioned Cr ２ O ３ The glass according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the weight is in the range of 0.01 to 0.04 percent.

15. The glass according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the CuO is in the range of 0.0015 to 0.025 weight percent.

16. The TiO ２ The glass according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the weight is in the range of 0.02 to 0.025 percent.

17. The glass according to any one of claims 1 to 16, further comprising a coating selected from the group consisting of low emissivity coatings, anti-reflective coatings, solar radiation control coatings, low UV coatings, IRC coatings, and combinations thereof.

18. A method for producing glass using a conventional float non-vacuum glassmaking process, To melt a batch of glass to give it a pool of molten glass; Pouring the pool of molten glass onto a molten tin bath; Cooling the molten glass while controlling it to give it a glass of a desired thickness, and moving the molten glass on the surface of the molten tin bath while applying force to the molten glass; and Removing the glass from the molten tin bath. Includes, The aforementioned glass is SiO ２ 64-75% by weight; Na ２ 10-20% by weight of O; CaO at 5-15 weight percent; MgO 0-5 weight percent; Al ２ O ３ 0-3% by weight; K ２ O to 0-3 weight percent; SO ３ 0 to 1 weight percent; Fe ２ O ３ Total iron as a percentage of 1.65 to 3 by weight, CoO at 0.044-0.059 weight percent, Cr ２ O ３ to 0.0005 to 0.07 weight percent, CuO at 0.0005 to 0.03 weight percent, A redox ratio of at least 0.12 and at most 0.

32. Methods that include...

19. It is a laminate, A first layer comprising a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, wherein the first surface constitutes the outer surface of the laminate; A second layer comprising a third surface adjacent to the second surface and a fourth surface opposite to the third surface, wherein the fourth surface constitutes the inner surface of the laminate; and Intermediate layer disposed between the first layer and the second layer Includes, At least one of the first layer or the second layer is SiO ２ 64-75% by weight; Na ２ 10-20% by weight of O; CaO at 5-15 weight percent; MgO 0-5 weight percent; Al ２ O ３ 0-3% by weight; K ２ O to 0-3 weight percent; SO ３ 0 to 1 weight percent; Fe ２ O ３ Total iron as a percentage of 1.65 to 3 by weight, CoO at 0.044-0.059 weight percent, Cr ２ O ３ to 0.0005 to 0.07 weight percent, CuO at 0.0005 to 0.03 weight percent, A redox ratio of at least 0.12 and at most 0.

32. A laminate formed from glass containing [a certain substance].

20. The laminate according to claim 19, wherein the second surface of the first layer or the third surface of the second layer includes a coating selected from the group consisting of a low emissivity coating, an anti-reflective coating, a solar radiation control coating, a low UV coating, an IRC coating, and a combination thereof.

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