Laminating equipment for laminating multilayer endless webs for the manufacture of energy cells.

Abstract

The present invention relates to a laminating apparatus for a multilayer endless web 3 for the manufacture of an energy cell, comprising at least one separator web 4, 6 and at least one electrode, wherein the laminating apparatus has a press device, which laminates the multilayer endless web 3 under the action of pressing force, and the press device has two press surfaces 24, 25, which contact different sides of the endless web 3, and the press surfaces 24, 25 are temperature-controlled at different temperatures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a laminating apparatus for laminating a multi-layer endless web for the production of energy cells, having the features of the superordinate concept of claim 1.

Background Art

[0002] An energy cell or, equally, an energy storage unit in the sense of the present invention is used, for example, in automobiles, other land vehicles, ships, airplanes or equally in installed equipment such as, for example, a photovoltaic installation, in the form of a battery cell or a fuel cell, in which a very large amount of energy needs to be stored over a relatively long time interval.

[0003] For this purpose, it is possible for such an energy cell to have a structure consisting of a plurality of segments laminated into one laminate. These segments are each formed from alternating anode sheets and cathode sheets, which are separated from each other by separator sheets, which are also manufactured as segments. The segments are pre-cut during the manufacturing process and then stacked into the laminate in a predefined order and joined to each other by lamination. In that case, the anode sheets and the cathode sheets are first cut from an endless web and then placed on top of an endless web of separator material in an individualized state with an interval. This subsequently formed "two-layered" endless web consisting of separator material with the placed anode sheet or cathode sheet is then, in a first step, again cut into segments with a cutting device, where these segments are, in this case, formed in a two-layered manner by separator sheets with the anode sheet or cathode sheet placed thereon. Wherever this is technically feasible or necessary, endless webs of separator material having anode and cathode sheets can be stacked prior to cutting, thereby forming an endless web having a first endless layer of separator material having an anode or cathode sheet placed on top of it, and a second endless layer of separator material also having an anode or cathode sheet placed on top of it. This "four-layered" endless web is then cut into segments using a cutting device, and these segments are formed in this case in four layers: a first separator sheet, an anode sheet, a second separator sheet, and a cathode sheet adjacent to the second separator sheet. The advantage of this solution is that one cut may be saved. Furthermore, the cut electrodes may similarly be placed on an endless separator web and stacked on yet another endless separator web to form a three-layer endless web, from which a three-layer segment having a separator sheet, an electrode sheet, and yet another separator sheet is then cut. In the spirit of this invention, a segment is accordingly a single-layer segment of a separator material, an anode sheet, or a cathode sheet, or similarly, a two-layer, three-layer, or four-layer segment of the above-described structure.

[0004] Furthermore, the aforementioned "two-layer" or "four-layer" endless webs can similarly be complemented into "three-layer" or "five-layer" endless webs by placing yet another separator sheet on top of the electrodes, in which case these endless webs each have a separator web on both sides.

[0005] Selectively, electrodes can exist in an endless web, i.e., uncut, in a "two-layer," "three-layer," "four-layer," or "five-layer" endless web, which are then cut into significantly longer lengths and then, for example, wound up. Selectively, the endless web can be first wound up and then cut after the winding is complete. In this case, the electrodes do not exist as spaced segments within the endless web, but rather, instead, they exist within a single segment, which extends uninterrupted within the intermediate space between the separator webs.

[0006] Furthermore, within the endless web, electrodes in the form of a copper web, copper film, or comparable support material may be provided with intermittent coverings. In this electrode, each of these covering portions forms a section-like, spaced-out rising portion within the electrode.

[0007] For laminating "two-layer," "three-layer," "four-layer," or "five-layer" endless webs, these endless webs are guided between two press devices, which apply a pressing force to the endless webs. In this case, electrodes are pressurized together with the separator web within the endless web. Essentially, the electrodes, along with the separator web, are bonded and laminated together by the action of pressing force using a press device. Additionally, lamination can be assisted by the heat generated by the pressing force. Furthermore, additional heating zones or cooling zones may be provided to regulate the temperature of the endless web during lamination. For the realization of high-quality bonding, it is desirable that the endless web be subjected to the same compressive force as much as possible along its longitudinal and transverse extensions.

[0008] The electrode and the separator web are made of materials having different coefficients of thermal expansion. Therefore, it is problematic in that case that the endless web after lamination, and / or segments cut from this endless web, may subsequently be curved and / or have a corrugated appearance. [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0009] Given this background, the fundamental problem underlying this invention is: The objective is to provide a laminating apparatus that enables lamination of an endless web and segments cut from this endless web with smaller wavy and curved surfaces. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] In accordance with the present invention, a laminating apparatus having the features of claim 1 is proposed to solve this problem.

[0011] Further advantageous configurations can be seen from the dependent claims, drawings, and descriptions to which they belong. [Effects of the Invention]

[0012] In accordance with the basic concept of the present invention, according to claim 1, It is proposed that the press device has two pressing surfaces, which contact different sides of the endless web, and that the pressing surfaces are temperature-controlled at different levels.

[0013] By controlling the temperature of these press surfaces differently, the heat input during lamination can be configured differently on both different surfaces of the endless web. This means that by intentionally heating or further cooling the endless web on the sides that have greater expansion due to temperature, the temperature-induced deformation of the endless web can be reduced to some extent. Selectively, the sides of the endless web that have less expansion due to temperature can also be intentionally heated more intensely. It is important that the endless web is laminated with a temperature gradient between both surfaces, and this temperature gradient is opposite to the different expansions on both surfaces of the endless web caused by the temperature of the endless web. Additionally or selectively, the press surfaces may be formed such that each of these press surfaces is temperature-controlled independently, i.e., having a more heated zone and a more cooled zone, so that different thermal expansions can be compensated for on the surface along the longitudinal extension of the endless web, based on the different thermal expansion coefficients of the endless web. Furthermore, the lamination of the endless web itself can be adapted along the endless web by heating zones of the endless web that require higher heat for optimal lamination more intensely than zones that can already be laminated sufficiently well at lower temperatures. Moreover, this allows zones of the endless web where excessively high heat in the lamination is detrimental to that zone to be intentionally left unheated or heated less. As a result, the endless web can be laminated with less wave formation or curvature by the solution according to the present invention. Furthermore, the lamination of the endless web can be adapted to different coefficients of thermal expansion on the surface and to different conditions for the lamination itself by individually controlling the temperature of the press surface, thereby enabling the lamination of the endless web with a remarkably uniform bond between the separator web and the electrode.

[0014] Furthermore, it is proposed that multiple electrodes are provided within the endless web, arranged regularly at intervals from one another. Due to the spaced electrodes, the endless web has different coefficients of thermal expansion in the planar direction of the endless web and, in particular, in the longitudinal direction of the endless web in the transport direction. Therefore, the problem of different thermal expansions is particularly significant here, and the advantages of the present invention are especially effective.

[0015] Furthermore, the endless web has at least two separator webs, and The electrode is formed by multiple anodes and multiple cathodes arranged in a row, and these anodes and cathodes are separated from each other by one of the separator webs. The press surface assigned to the cathode, which contacts the side of the endless web, It is proposed that the anode has a lower temperature than the press surface that contacts the side of the endless web. With the proposed further development, the endless web can be laminated with less heat input into the cathode side, thus compensating, at least partially, for greater thermal expansion of the cathode, and the cathode side of the endless web deforms due to heat in the same way as the anode side of the endless web in the ideal case.

[0016] The cathode typically has a conductive sheet made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. In contrast, the anode typically has a conductive sheet made of copper or a copper alloy. The thermal expansion coefficient of aluminum or aluminum alloys is generally higher than that of copper or copper alloys, which increases the thermal expansion of the cathode compared to the anode. In that case, it has been found to be advantageous if the press surfaces have a temperature from -40 to 150°C, preferably from 55 to 80°C, and in this case, these press surfaces preferably have a temperature difference from 20 to 60°C, preferably from 35 to 45°C. Accordingly, different thermal expansions during the use of copper and aluminum in particular can be compensated for.

[0017] Furthermore, it is proposed that within the press surface, individually temperature-adjustable heating segments or cooling segments are provided. By means of the cooling or heating segments, the temperature of the press surface can be changed individually and / or locally, and in this case, by this means, the temperature gradient between both press surfaces and / or along each press surface can be changed individually. In that case, the temperature gradient is adjusted expediently such that the different thermal expansions of the endless web are taken into account at different surfaces of this endless web and / or along each surface.

[0018] Furthermore, it is also possible for the press surfaces to have different thermal conductivities. By this means, a central or common heat source or heat sink can be used, and different temperatures of the press surface are achieved by different heat conduction due to the different thermal conductivities of the press surface. The press surface accordingly has different thermal conductivities.

[0019] Furthermore, it is possible for the press surfaces to have different heat capacities, and thus, different temperatures of the press surface are given by the introduced heat due to different storage of heat.

[0020] Furthermore, the press device comprises two press rolls having a circular cross-section, and it is proposed that the press surface is formed by the jacket surface of the press roll. By forming the press mechanism of the laminating apparatus as a press roll, the laminating apparatus can be particularly easily integrated into a drum process, which is also characterized by the particularly high production capacity and / or transport speed of endless webs.

[0021] Furthermore, it is proposed that the press rolls are arranged such that a gap is provided between the outer surfaces of these press rolls through which the endless web passes, and that this gap has a gap width, which is smaller than the thickness of the endless web. With the proposed solution, the endless web is only lightly compressed by the placement of the press rolls for lamination. The additional feed motion of the press rolls can be omitted as a result.

[0022] In that case, the press rolls are advantageously formed in a cylindrical shape, with the same diameter in the direction of the longitudinal axis of these press rolls. The press roll, in conjunction with this, The outer surfaces of these press rolls are formed in a cylindrical shape within a plane extending vertically through the axis of rotation, and are oriented parallel to the axis of rotation in the longitudinal extension of these press rolls in the direction of the axis of rotation. Consequently, both outer surfaces form a gap between them, having a constant gap width along the longitudinal extension of the gap, and this gap width does not depend on the rotational angle position of the press roll.

[0023] In that case, a particularly simple structure of the laminating apparatus is given by arranging the press rolls such that their rotational axes are aligned parallel to each other. The parallel arrangement of the rotational axes allows the press rolls to be connected particularly easily to corresponding individual drive units, which can, for example, be held within a common machine frame. Furthermore, the press roll can thus be connected, particularly easily, to a transmission mechanism in the form of a gear transmission mechanism having multiple gears arranged to each other in a single plane.

[0024] Furthermore, the press device has at least one press belt, and It is proposed that the press surface is formed by the surface of a press belt that contacts one of the surfaces of the endless web. The press force acting on the endless web can be balanced by the press belt. In this case, the press belt is advantageously of the same or greater width perpendicular to the transport direction of the endless web, so that the endless web is exposed to the press force and laminated across its entire width. The press belt can be formed such that it generates the pressing force itself, or is subjected to the pressing force via a separate pressing force generating device, such as a press roll. In the latter case, the pressing force is further transmitted by the press belt to the endless web. The press belt itself can be formed in the form of a flexible fiber-reinforced woven belt, a steel belt, or an extremely delicate link chain, or any other of the sort. In that case, the press belt can be formed as a driven endless belt, or as a fixed-position press belt with a friction-reduced surface. As long as the press belt is formed as a driven endless belt, this endless belt can additionally be used for transporting the endless web. Conversely, if the press belt is formed as a fixed-position press belt, additional equipment is required for transporting the endless web. In this case, the endless web is actively pulled out alongside the press belt.

[0025] Furthermore, it is proposed that at least two press belts are provided, each having one pressing surface. The press surface can be increased in total by using multiple press belts. As long as the press belts are arranged in a single line, this can increase the length of the press surface, while in the case of parallel arrangement of the press belts, the width of the press surface can increase. Furthermore, the spaced-out arrangement of the press belts, facing each other, can provide a gap through which the endless web can be guided for lamination. In that case, the endless web can be compressed from both sides, and thus the endless web is laminated on both surfaces of the endless web.

[0026] As long as the press device has press rolls, it is also proposed that these press rolls contact the free surface of the press belt and press the press belt against the endless web under the action of compressive force. In this case, the press roll forms the pressing force generating device of the press machine, and this pressing force generating device presses against the endless web.

[0027] Furthermore, it is proposed that the pressing surface be adjustable in width. The adjustable width of the press surface allows the laminating device to be adjusted for laminating endless webs of different widths. In this case, the width of the press surface is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the endless web within the plane of the endless web.

[0028] Furthermore, it is possible that the pressing surface may, advantageously, have a width corresponding to the width of the endless web, or a multiple of the width of this endless web. The proposed solution allows the laminating apparatus to be specifically formed for laminating an endless web of a specified width, or to laminate multiple endless webs of a specified width in a parallel arrangement. As long as the press surface is adjustable, a predetermined position of the width of the press surface is also intended for this purpose, and thus the press surface can be adjusted with little effort from a position for laminating a single endless web to a position for two or more parallel endless webs.

[0029] The present invention will be described below based on advantageous embodiments and in reference to the attached figures. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0030] [Figure 1] This is a partial diagram of a laminating apparatus according to the present invention, showing a four-layer endless web and a press device having two press rolls. [Figure 2] This is a partial diagram of a laminating apparatus according to the present invention, showing together a three-layer endless web and a pressing device having two press rolls and two press belts. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0031] In Figure 1, a portion of a laminating apparatus according to the present invention can be recognized, and in this laminating apparatus, the endless web 3 is It is formed by a "four-layered" endless web 3 having a separator web 4 on the upper surface, a separator web 6 in the middle, a plurality of anodes 5 positioned between the separator webs 4 and 6, and a plurality of cathodes 7 positioned below the intermediate separator web 6. The anode 5 is formed to be larger than the cathode 7, and therefore, when the anode 5 is arranged in a pair with the cathode 7, they have a smaller end-face gap A between them than the cathode 7. The laminating apparatus further comprises a press apparatus having two press rolls 1 and 2, which are formed as cylindrical drums having a circular cross-section. The press rolls 1 and 2 are aligned parallel to each other along their rotational axes, and are positioned such that a gap S with a constant gap width SW exists between the outer surfaces 12 and 13 of the press rolls, perpendicular to the direction of the rotational axis and therefore to the illustrated plane.

[0032] The gap width SW of the gap S is set to be smaller than the thickness D of the endless web 3, so that the endless web 3 is slightly compressed and laminated as it passes through the gap S. The thickness D2 of separator webs 4 and 6 ranges from 15 to 25 μm, while the anode 5 and cathode 7 have a thickness D1 of 150 to 400 μm. Consequently, the thickness D of the endless web 3 ranges from approximately 330 μm to 850 μm. The gap width SW is set to be 20 to 100 μm, preferably 40 to 60 μm, smaller than the thickness D of the endless web 3, so that the endless web 3 is slightly compressed when passing through the gap. The intermediate space 8 is formed by the separation between the anode 5 and the cathode 7 and has a height corresponding to the thickness D1 of the anode 5 and cathode 7, i.e., 150 to 400 μm. Furthermore, the intermediate space 8 has a length corresponding to the spacing A between the electrodes 5, which is 3 mm between the anodes and 6 mm between the cathodes in the transport direction. In this case, it is worth pursuing to make the spacing A between these electrodes 5 as small as possible in order to increase the material utilization of the endless web 3 and to increase the number of electrodes 5 within a predetermined length of the endless web 3.

[0033] The endless web 3 is supplied in the supply direction T and pulled through the gap S. The press rolls 1 and 2 can be driven by themselves, for example, by individual drive devices in the form of servo motors, to rotate in opposite directions, aligned in the direction of the arrow P, so that these press rolls actively transport the endless web 3, additionally through frictional engagement. Selectively, the press rolls 1 and 2 may be supported only rotatably, and thus these press rolls may be driven by themselves to rotate through frictional engagement with the endless web 3. In this case, the press rolls 1 and 2 simply roll passively on the surface of the endless web 3. The passive rolling motion of press rolls 1 and 2 synchronizes the movement of these press rolls with the movement of the endless web 3.

[0034] The upper press roll 2 contacts the upper surface of the separator web 4 with its outer casing surface 12, thereby forming an upper press surface 24. The lower press roll 1 contacts the upper surface of the cathode 7 with its outer casing surface 13, and therefore, this outer casing surface 13 forms a lower press surface 25 that is positioned opposite the upper press surface 24 in this case. Accordingly, the press rolls 1 and 2, with their pressing surfaces 24 and 25 formed by the outer surfaces 12 and 13, contact the free sides of the endless web 3, and as the endless web 3 passes through the gap S, a pressing force acts on the endless web 3 from both sides based on a smaller gap width SW with respect to the thickness D of the endless web 3, and this pressing force causes lamination of the endless web 3.

[0035] Selective embodiments of the present invention can be identified within Figure 2. The press device here further comprises two press belts 20 and 21 alongside both press rolls 1 and 2, which are in contact with the upper and lower surfaces of the endless web 3. The press rolls 1 and 2 here are formed and positioned identically to those in Figure 1, except that these press rolls do not directly contact the endless web 3 to be laminated, but rather contact the free surfaces of the press belts 20 and 21, which in turn contact the endless web 3. Accordingly, the press surfaces 24 and 25 are formed by the surfaces of the press belts 20 and 21, which are oriented toward the endless web 3. The gap S is formed by the intermediate space between both press surfaces 24 and 25 of the press belt, and the gap width SW corresponds to the distance between both press surfaces 24 and 25. The press belts 20 and 21 are dimensional such that the gap width SW is smaller than the thickness D of the endless web. The thickness D of the endless web 3 is 180 to 450 μm in this case. This does not correspond to the illustration in Figure 2, in which the gap width SW is depicted as larger than the thickness D of the endless web 3 for good recognition. For lamination of the endless web 3, however, the press belts 20 and 21 need to be in contact with the surface of the endless web 3 under the action of a pressing force, and therefore the gap width SW needs to be set to be smaller than the thickness D of the endless web 3. For this purpose, the press rolls 1 and 2 can additionally press the press belts 20 and 21 against the endless web 3, and consequently the pressing force acted by the press belts 20 and 21 will increase.

[0036] Furthermore, an endless web 3 to be laminated is provided, which passes through the gap S and has a thickness D. The endless web 3 is formed by a "three-layer" endless web 3 having a separator web 4 on the upper side, a separator web 6 on the lower side, and an anode 5 positioned between them. These anodes 5 are positioned at the same interval A with an intermediate space 8 and have a smaller width than the separator webs 4 and 6, so that these separator webs 4 and 6 protrude laterally beyond the anodes 5.

[0037] In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, press rolls 1 and 2, or in the embodiment shown in Figure 2, press belts 20 and 21, both press surfaces 24 and 25 are provided with a plurality of cooling or heating segments 23. These cooling or heating segments are controllable individually or in groups, and allow for different temperatures on the press surfaces 24 and 25 of the press rolls 1 and 2, or the press belts 20 and 21, relative to each other.

[0038] Therefore, it is possible for the upper press roll 2 or upper press belt 21 that contacts the anode side of the upper separator web 4, i.e., the endless web 3, which covers the anode 5, to have a temperature of 50°C at the pressing surface 24 of the upper press roll or upper press belt. In contrast, it is possible for the lower press roll 1 or lower press belt 20, which is in contact with the lower surface of the cathode 7, i.e., the cathode side of the endless web 3, to have a temperature of 20°C at the pressing surface 24 of the lower press roll or lower press belt. Accordingly, it is possible for the press surfaces 24 and 25 to have a temperature difference of 30°C, in which case the anode-side press surface 25 is intentionally made to have a higher temperature, and consequently, the endless web 3 is heated more intensely on the anode side than the press surface 24 on the cathode side of the endless web 3.

[0039] The temperature gradient between the press surface 24 and the press surface 25 can be controlled in an open-loop or closed-loop manner by open-loop or closed-loop control of the temperature of the cooling or heating segment 23, and thus can be adapted to different temperature gradients at different anodes and cathodes, and in particular to different combinations of these temperature gradients. For example, the thickness of the conductive sheet, which is typically made of copper for the anode and typically made of aluminum for the cathode, can be adapted to the overall thickness of the anode and cathode, as well as to the materials of the anode and cathode, conductive sheet, and active material. In the embodiment at issue here, it is possible that the cooling or heating segment 23 is positioned on both press surfaces 25 and 24, and therefore the temperature difference between the press surfaces 25 and 24 can be achieved by an active change in the temperature of both press surfaces 25 and 24. To achieve this temperature difference, however, it is equally possible to provide a cooling or heating segment 23 within only one of the press surfaces 24 and 25, and to heat or cool only one of the press surfaces 24 and 25 accordingly.

[0040] Furthermore, it is possible that multiple individually controllable cooling or heating segments 23 are provided within the press surfaces 24 and 25, spaced apart from each other, so that the press surfaces 24 and 25 may each have a different temperature. This allows for consideration, for example, of the different thermal expansions of the endless web 3 in the direction of its longitudinal extension on the anode and / or cathode sides. Therefore, for example, the thermal expansion of the endless web 3 within the region of the anode 5 and within the region of the intermediate space 8 provided between these anodes is different from the thermal expansion within the region of the cathode 7 and within the region of the intermediate space 8 provided between these cathodes, and this is particularly true for larger spacing A of the cathodes 7 and smaller spacing A of the anodes 5 within the intermediate space 8. The cooling or heating segment 23 causes the press surfaces 24 and 25 to For example, in the areas where these press surfaces are in contact with portions of the endless web 3 that have greater thermal expansion within the central regions of the anode 5 and cathode 7, these press surfaces may be heated less than in the areas where they are in contact within the intermediate space 8. Accordingly, for the press surfaces 24 and 25, a regular alternation of zones with different temperatures, and / or higher and lower temperatures, is provided along the longitudinal extension of these press surfaces. In this case, the length of the zone with the lower temperature depends on the length of the anode 5 and the length of the cathode 7, while the length of the zone with the higher temperature depends on the length of the intermediate space 8. Accordingly, for lamination of the endless web 3, different temperatures within the respective press surfaces 24 and 25 are given in distributions and dimensional settings adapted to the respective distributions of thermal expansion on the anode and / or cathode sides of the endless web 3.

[0041] Furthermore, the press surfaces 24 and 25 These edge portions abut the edge portions of the endless web 3 that extend in the longitudinal direction of the endless web 3, adjacent to the anode 5 and cathode 7 on the side, within the edge portions of the endless web 3. The temperature can also be controlled differently by the arrangement and control of individual cooling or heating segments 23. In general, the press surfaces 24 and 25 of the press rolls 1 and 2 and / or the press belts 20 and 21 are controlled by the arrangement of the cooling or heating segments 23. The lamination of Endless Web 3 is The temperature can be individually controlled so as to be individually harmonized with the specific distribution of thermal expansion within the endless web 3 within the press surfaces 24 and 25. In an ideal scenario, this allows for the creation of a laminated, non-curved, endless web 3 after the laminating machine has fed the material out.

[0042] Of course, similarly, press belts 20 and 21 having differently temperature-controlled press surfaces 24 and 25 can be combined with press rolls 1 and 2 having differently temperature-controlled press surfaces 24 and 25.

[0043] The cooling or heating segments 23 within the press surfaces 24 and 25 are, in that case, advantageously integrated within the press surfaces 24 and 25 such that the press surfaces 24 and 25 are formed uniformly and without steps.

[0044] Furthermore, additionally, or instead of the cooling or heating segments 23 within the press surfaces 24 and 25, zones with different thermal conductivity coefficients may be provided within the press surfaces 24 and 25. In this case, the press belts 20 and 21 and / or the press rolls 1 and 2 may be assigned a central heat source or heat sink, which, in combination with the zones with different thermal conductivity coefficients, will result in different temperature control of the press surfaces 24 and 25.

Claims

1. A laminating apparatus for a multilayer endless web (3) comprising at least one separator web (4, 6) and at least one electrode, for the manufacture of an energy cell, wherein the laminating apparatus is - It has a press device, and this press device laminates the multilayer endless web (3) under the action of pressing force. In the laminating apparatus described above, - The press device has two pressing surfaces (24, 25), and these pressing surfaces cause the press device to contact different sides of the endless web (3), and - The pressing surfaces (24, 25) are temperature-controlled differently. A laminating apparatus characterized by the following features.

2. - Within the endless web (3), multiple electrodes are provided that are regularly spaced apart from each other. The laminating apparatus according to feature 1.

3. - The endless web (3) has at least two separator webs (4, 6), and - The electrode is formed by a plurality of anodes (5) arranged in a row and a plurality of cathodes (7) arranged in a row, and these anodes and cathodes are separated from each other by one of the separator webs (4, 6). - The press surfaces (24, 25) assigned to the cathode (7) that contact the side surface of the endless web (3) are, The anode (5) has a temperature lower than the press surfaces (24, 25) that are in contact with the sides of the endless web (3). The laminating apparatus according to feature 2.

4. - The pressing surfaces (24, 25) have a temperature range of -40 to 150°C, preferably 55 to 80°C. A laminating apparatus according to any one of features 1 to 3.

5. - The pressing surfaces (24, 25) have a temperature difference of 20 to 60°C. A laminating apparatus according to any one of features 1 to 4.

6. - Within the press surfaces (24, 25), individually temperature-adjustable heating segments (23) or cooling segments are provided. A laminating apparatus according to any one of features 1 to 5.

7. - The press surfaces (24, 25) have different thermal conductivity coefficients. A laminating apparatus according to any one of features 1 to 6.

8. - The press surfaces (24, 25) have different heat capacities. A laminating apparatus according to any one of features 1 to 7.

9. - The press device is equipped with two press rolls (1, 2) having a circular cross-section, and, - The press surfaces (24, 25) are formed by the outer surfaces (12, 13) of the press rolls. A laminating apparatus according to any one of features 1 to 8.

10. - The press rolls (1, 2) are arranged such that a gap (S) is provided between the outer surfaces (12, 13) of these press rolls through which the endless web (3) passes. - The gap (S) has a gap width (SW), and this gap width is smaller than the thickness (D) of the endless web (3). The laminating apparatus according to feature 9.

11. - The press rolls (1, 2) are formed in a cylindrical shape, with the same diameter in the direction of the longitudinal axis of these press rolls. The laminating apparatus according to claim 9 or 10.

12. - The press rolls (1, 2) are arranged such that their rotational axes are aligned parallel to each other. A laminating apparatus according to any one of features 9 to 11.

13. - The press device has at least one press belt (20, 21), and - The press surfaces (24, 25) are formed by the surfaces of the press belts (20, 21) that contact one of the surfaces of the endless web (3). A laminating apparatus according to any one of features 1 to 12.

14. - At least two press belts (20, 21) are provided, each having one press surface (24, 25). The laminating apparatus according to feature 13.

15. - The press rolls (1, 2) contact the free surface of the press belts (20, 21) and press the press belts (20, 21) against the endless web (3) under the action of pressing force. A laminating apparatus according to any one of claims 9 to 12 and any one of claims 13 to 14.

16. - The pressing surfaces (24, 25) are adjustable in width. A laminating apparatus according to any one of features 1 to 15.

17. - The pressing surfaces (24, 25) have a width corresponding to the width of the endless web (3), or a multiple of the width of the endless web. A laminating apparatus according to any one of features 1 to 16.

Images