Acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase mutant

Abstract

This disclosure provides plants and / or plant cells having one or more mutations in the acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase) gene, as well as methods for producing and using such plants. In some embodiments, the plants and / or plant cells exhibit resistance or tolerance to herbicides that target acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] Cross-reference of related applications This invention claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 493,442, filed on 31 March 2023, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

[0002] This disclosure relates to compositions and methods relating to novel plant genes and gene products, as well as plants having one or more gene mutations. In particular, this disclosure provides the acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase) gene, as well as plants and / or plant cells having one or more mutations in the ACCase gene, and methods for producing and using such plants. In some embodiments, the plants have enhanced resistance or tolerance to ACCase inhibitor herbicides containing cresodyne. [Background technology]

[0003] Acetyl-CoA carboxylase, or acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase), is a biotin-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the irreversible carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to produce malonyl-CoA through its two catalytic activities, biotin carboxylase (BC) and carboxyltransferase (CT). ACCase is a multi-subunit enzyme in most prokaryotes and in the chloroplasts of most plants and algae, but a large multi-domain enzyme in the endoplasmic reticulum. The most important function of ACCase is to provide a malonyl-CoA substrate for fatty acid biosynthesis.

[0004] ACCase inhibitors are a widely used class of herbicides that preferentially kill grasses. ACCase inhibitors specifically target plastid-localized ACCase enzymes present in grass species.

[0005] PCT application WO / 2015 / 139008 (US2015 / 020622) (which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety) discloses a method for inducing targeted changes in a DNA sequence. PCT application WO2011 / 028833 (US2013 / 0111618) (which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety) discloses herbicide-resistant plants, as well as methods for producing and treating herbicide-resistant plants. [Overview of the project]

[0006] This disclosure is at least in part based on the finding that certain mutations in plant ACCase genes may result in certain advantages or desirable properties, such as, in some embodiments, resistance to herbicides.

[0007] Accordingly, plants or plant cells having one or more mutations in the ACCase gene, and methods for producing such plants or plant cells are provided herein. In some embodiments, the plants or plant cells are non-transgenic. In certain embodiments, the plants have enhanced resistance or tolerance to herbicides, such as aryloxyphenoxypropanoate, cyclohexanedione, and / or phenylpyrazoline herbicides. In various embodiments, such plants or plant cells exhibit substantially normal growth or development of the plant body, its organs, tissues, or cells compared to the corresponding wild-type plant or cell in the presence of the herbicide.

[0008] Unless otherwise specified, the amino acid numbering in blackgrass (Alopecurus myosuroides) shown in Sequence ID No. 2 is used herein as a reference for plastid-type ACCases. Those skilled in the art can identify the corresponding similar amino acid residues in the ACCase genes of ACCase homologs, including orthologs (ACCases from different species) and paralogs (ACCases from the same species). Examples are shown below, where the ACCase protein sequences of Alopecurus myosuroides (Figure 1B and Sequence ID No. 2), Oryza sativa indica (Figure 2B and Sequence ID No. 4), and Oryza sativa japonica (Figure 3 and Sequence ID No. 6) are compared, and the identified corresponding amino acid positions are listed. [Table 1]

[0009] With regard to the various embodiments, embodiments, compositions, and methods disclosed herein, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene in which a position in the ACCase gene is changed from a plastid-type ACCase amino acid residue to a cytoplasmic-type ACCase amino acid residue.

[0010] In one embodiment, a plant or plant cell having a mutant ACCase gene is provided, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing one or more substitutions at one or more amino acid positions corresponding to one or more positions or combinations of positions selected from the group of mutations listed in Table 1, and / or a method for producing such a plant and / or plant cell. In another embodiment, a plant or plant cell having a mutant ACCase gene is provided, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing one or more substitutions at one or more amino acid positions corresponding to one or more positions or combinations of positions selected from the group of mutations listed in Table 2, and / or a method for producing such a plant and / or plant cell. In yet another embodiment, a plant or plant cell having a mutant ACCase gene is provided, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing one or more substitutions at one or more amino acid positions corresponding to one or more positions or combinations of positions selected from the group of mutations listed in Table 3, and / or a method for producing such a plant and / or plant cell.

[0011] In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, where the gene is N1460, V1529, L1543, L1555, C1575, S1605, G1605-6A*, N1607, L1649, R1672, D1681, F1683, V1715, D1725, R1734, M1738, T1739, A1752, Q1 756, I1766, K1772, N1780, I1781, G1783, S1784, A1785, A1786, S1792, I1811, L1818, Q1824, A1837, K184 0, V1864, P1870, S1922, K1930, K1938, E1946, A1957, V1966, I1967, M1974, M1975, V1992, W1999, A2004, W2027, E2039, I2041, V2049, A2059, A2067, W2074, V2075, D2078, S2079, K2080, I2081, P2083, R2085, C2 088, K2095, G2096, N2097, V2098, E2112, D2127, I2149, E2150, K2154, Q2155, L2159, E2169, A2178, A217 It encodes an ACCase protein containing substitutions at one or more amino acid positions corresponding to positions selected from the group consisting of 9, V2182, F2196, H2223, A2226, K2232, A2241, S2244, F2253, V2254, R2257, N2262, K2264, I2267, S2276, S2280, S2297, L2299, K2302, and K2317.

[0012] In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, where the gene is one of the following: N1460S, V1529M, L1543F, L1543V, L1555P, C1575S, S1605Y, G1605-6A*, N1607S, L1649M, R1672I, D1681E, D1681G, F1683L, V1715A, D1725E, R1734G, M1738L, T1739S, A1752T, Q1756P, Q1756E, I1766V, K1772E, K1772N, N1780D, I1781L, I1781T, I1781V, I1781A, G1783C, S1784G, S1784N, A1785G, A1786P, S1792L , I1811N, L1818H, L1818I, Q1824P, A1837V, K1840M, K1840R, V1864F, P1870R , S1922G, K1930N, K1938R, E1946G, E1946D, E1946V, A1957T, V1966L, I1967 V, M1974T, M1975T, V1992D, W1999C, W1999G, W1999L, W1999S, A2004V, W2027 C, W2027R, E2039D, E2039G, I2041D, I2041N, I2041V, V2049F, V2049I, V204 9L, V2049T, V2049C, V2049A, V2049S, A2059V, A2067S, W2074L, V2075M, V20 75G, V2075I, V2075L, D2078G, D2078K, D2078T, D2078V, S2079F, S2079P, K2 080E, P2083N, P2083Q, P2083S, P2083T, R2085S, C2088M, C2088N, C2088R, C2 088W, C2088F, C2088G, C2088H, C2088K, C2088S, C2088T, C2088L, C2088V, K 2095E, K2095N, G2096A, G2096S, N2097D, N2097S, N2097R, N2097K, N2097E, N 2097H, N2097A, N2097G, N2097C, N2097P, N2097L, N2097I, N2097M, N2097F, N2097W, N2097Q, N2097T, N2097Y, V2098A, V2098H, V2098P, V2098S, V2098G,It encodes an ACCase protein containing substitutions corresponding to substitutions selected from the group consisting of V2098C, E2112G, E2112V, D2127N, I2149K, I2149V, E2150K, A2151T, K2154R, Q2155L, L2159P, E2169D, A2178I, A2179T, V2182A, F2196Y, H2223R, A2226S, K2232N, A2241T, F2253I, V2254I, N2262K, K2264R, I2267V, S2276F, S2276P, S2280P, S2297C, L2299I, K2302Q, and K2317T.

[0013] In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, which encodes an ACCase protein containing substitutions corresponding to substitutions selected from the group consisting of V1529M, L1543F, L1543V, R1672I, D1681E, D1681G, S1784G, S1784N, A1785G, L1818H, L1818I, K1840M, K1840R, A1957T, M1974T, M1975T, D2078G, P2083T, N2097S, V2098G, E2112V, I2149K, A2226S, and N2262K of Sequence ID No. 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, where the gene is V1529M, L1543F, L1543V, L1555P, C1575S, S1605Y, G1605-6A*, L1649M, R1672I, D1681E, D1681G, F1683L, V1715A, D1725E, A1752T, I1766V, K1772E, S1784G, S1784N, L1818H, L1818I, K1840M, K1840R, K1930N, A1957T, V1966L, M1974T, M1975 It encodes an ACCase protein containing substitutions corresponding to substitutions selected from the group consisting of T, V1992D, A2067S, R2085S, E2112V, D2127N, I2149K, E2150K, A2151T, K2154R, Q2155L, L2159P, I2267V, E2169D, A2178I, A2179T, V2182A, F2196Y, H2223R, A2226S, K2232N, F2253I, V2254I, N2262K, S2276F, S2276P, S2280P, S2297C, L2299I, K2302Q, and K2317T.

[0014] In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to N1460S in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to V1529M in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to L1543F in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to L1543V in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to L1555P in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to C1575S in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to S1605Y in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to G1605-6A* as described herein. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to N1607S in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to L1649M in SEQ ID NO: 2.In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to R1672I in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to D1681E in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to D1681G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to F1683L in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to V1715A in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to D1725E in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to R1734G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to M1738L in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to T1739S in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to A1752T in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, which encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to Q1756P in SEQ ID NO: 2.In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to Q1756E in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to I1766V in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to K1772E in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to K1772N in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to N1780D in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to I1781L in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to I1781T in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to I1781V in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to I1781A in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to G1783C in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, which encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to S1784G of SEQ ID NO: 2.In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to S1784N in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to A1785G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to A1786P in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to S1792L in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to I1811N in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to L1818H in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to L1818I in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to Q1824P in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to A1837V in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to K1840M in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, which encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to K1840R in SEQ ID NO: 2.In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to V1864F in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to P1870R in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to S1922G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to K1930N in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to K1938R in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to E1946V in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to E1946G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to E1946D in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to A1957T in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to V1966L in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, which encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to I1967V in SEQ ID NO: 2.In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to M1974T in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to M1975T in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant. Alternatively, a plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to V1992D in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to W1999C in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to W1999G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to W1999L in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to W1999S in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to A2004V in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to W2027C in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to W2027R in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to E2039D in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to E2039G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, which encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to I2041D in SEQ ID NO: 2.In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to I2041N in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to I2041V in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to V2049I in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to V2049F in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to V2049L in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to V2049T in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to V2049C in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to V2049A in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to V2049S in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to A2059V in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, which encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to A2067S in SEQ ID NO: 2.In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to W2074L in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to V2075I in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to V2075L in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to V2075M in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to V2075G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to D2078G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to D2078K in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to D2078T in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to D2078V in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to S2079F in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, which encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to S2079P in SEQ ID NO: 2.In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to K2080E in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to P2083N in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to P2083Q in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to P2083S in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to P2083T in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to R2085S in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to C2088M in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to C2088N in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to C2088R in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to C2088W in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, which encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to C2088F in SEQ ID NO: 2.In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to C2088G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to C2088H in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to C2088K in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to C2088S in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to C2088T in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to C2088L in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to C2088V in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to K2095E in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to K2095N in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to G2096A in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, which encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to G2096S in SEQ ID NO: 2.In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, which encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to N2097D in SEQ ID NO: 2. In this embodiment, the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to N2097S in SEQ ID NO: 2. In a particular embodiment, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, where the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to N2097R in SEQ ID NO: 2. In a particular embodiment, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, where the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to N2097K in SEQ ID NO: 2. In a particular embodiment, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, where the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to N2097E in SEQ ID NO: 2. In a particular embodiment, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, where the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to N2097H in SEQ ID NO: 2. In a particular embodiment, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, where the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to N2097A in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to N2097G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to N2097C in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to N2097P in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to N2097L in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to N2097I in SEQ ID NO: 2.In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to N2097M in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to N2097F in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to N2097W in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to N2097Q in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to N2097T in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to N2097Y in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to V2098A in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to V2098G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to V2098H in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to V2098P in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, which encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to V2098S in SEQ ID NO: 2.In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to V2098C in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to E2112G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to E2112V in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to D2127N in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to I2149K in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to I2149V in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to E2150K in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to A2151T in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to K2154R in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to Q2155L in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, which encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to L2159P in SEQ ID NO: 2.In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution E2169D of SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution A2178I of SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution A2179T of SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution V2182A of SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution F2196Y of SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to H2223R in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to A2226S in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to K2232N in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to A2241T in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to F2253I in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, which encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to V2254I of SEQ ID NO: 2.In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to N2262K in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to K2264R in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to I2267V in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to S2276F in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to S2276P in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to S2280P in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to S2297C in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to L2299I in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to K2302Q in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to K2317T in SEQ ID NO: 2.

[0015] In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to N1460S in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., the substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to V1529M in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., the substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to L1543F in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., the substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to L1543V of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to L1555P of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to C1575S of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to S1605Y in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to G1605-6A* in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to N1607S in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to L1649M in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to R1672I in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to D1681E in SEQ ID NO: 2.In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to D1681G in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to F1683L in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to V1715A in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to D1725E in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to R1734G in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to M1738L in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to T1739S in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to A1752T in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to Q1756P in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to Q1756E of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to I1766V of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to K1772E of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to K1772N in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to N1780D in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to I1781L in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to I1781T in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to I1781V in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to I1781A in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to G1783C in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to S1784G in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to S1784N in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (. For example, it encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution or combination of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to A1785G in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (for example, the substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to A1786P in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (for example, the substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to S1792L in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (for example, the substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to I1811N in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., the substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to L1818I of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to Q1824P of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to A1837V of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to K1840M in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to K1840R in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to V1864F in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to P1870R in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to S1922G in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to K1930N in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to K1938R in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to E1946G in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to E1946D in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to E1946V in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to A1957T in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to V1966L in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to I1967V in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to M1974T in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to M1975T in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to V1992D in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to W1999C in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to W1999G in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to W1999L in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to W1999S in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to A2004V in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may comprise a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to W2027C in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may comprise a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to W2027R in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may comprise a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene comprises the substitution corresponding to E2039D in SEQ ID NO: 2 and the present invention. The ACCase protein includes additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may include a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene includes the substitution corresponding to E2039G of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may include a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene includes the substitution corresponding to I2041D of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to I2041N in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to I2041V in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to V2049F in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to V2049I of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to V2049L of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to V2049T of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to V2049C of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to V2049A of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to V2049S of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to A2059V in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to A2067S in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to A2074L in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to V2075G of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to V2075M of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to V2075I of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to V2075L of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to D2078G of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to D2078K of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to D2078T in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to D2078V in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to S2079F in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to S2079P in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to K2080E in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to P2083N in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to P2083Q in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to P2083S in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to P2083T in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may comprise a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to R2085S in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may comprise a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to C2088M in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may comprise a mutant ACCase gene, wherein. The gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to C2088N in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to C2088R in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to C2088W in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to C2088F in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., the substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to C2088G in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., the substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to C2088H in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., the substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to C2088K in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to C2088S in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to C2088T in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to C2088L in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to C2088V in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to K2095E in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to K2095N in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to G2096A in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to G2096S in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to N2097D in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to N2097S in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to N2097R in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to N2097K of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., the substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to N2097E of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., the substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to N2097H of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., the substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to N2097A of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to N2097G of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to N2097C of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to N2097P in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to N2097L in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to N2097I in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to N2097M in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., the substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to N2097F in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., the substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to N2097W in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., the substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to N2097Q in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., the substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, A plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to N2097Y in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., the substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to V2098A in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., the substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to V2098G in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., the substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to V2098H in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to V2098P in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to V2098S in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to V2098C in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to E2112G in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to E2112V in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to D2127N in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to I2149K in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to E2150K in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to A2151T in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to K2154R in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to Q2155L in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to L2159P in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to E2169D in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to A2178I in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to A2179T in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to V2182A in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to F2196Y in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to H2223R in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to A2226S in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to K2232N in SEQ ID NO: 2.In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to A2241T in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to F2253I in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to V2254I in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to N2262K in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to K2264R in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to I2267V in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to S2276F of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to S2276P of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene comprises... The gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to S2280P of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may comprise a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to S2297C of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may comprise a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to L2299I of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may comprise a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to K2302Q in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., the substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may comprise a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising the substitution corresponding to K2317T in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., the substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).

[0016] In certain embodiments, the plant or plant cell provided herein may include a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position corresponding to D2078 in SEQ ID NO: 2 (i.e., the encoding protein has any amino acid other than aspartic acid at the position corresponding to D2078 in SEQ ID NO: 2). In certain embodiments, the plant or plant cell may include a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a substitution corresponding to D2078G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, the plant or plant cell may include a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a substitution corresponding to D2078K in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, the plant or plant cell may include a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a substitution corresponding to D2078T in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, the plant or plant cell may include a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a substitution corresponding to D2078V in SEQ ID NO: 2. In some embodiments, the plants or plant cells provided herein may include a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising a combination of a mutation at the amino acid position corresponding to D2078 in SEQ ID NO: 2 (e.g., a substitution provided herein) and additional ACCase mutations or multiple ACCase mutations as provided herein.In some embodiments, the plants or plant cells provided herein may include a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising a combination of a mutation at the amino acid position corresponding to D2078 in SEQ ID NO: 2 (e.g., a substitution provided herein) and additional ACCase mutations or multiple ACCase mutations as listed in Table 2. In some embodiments, the plants or plant cells provided herein may include a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising a combination of a mutation at the amino acid position corresponding to D2078 in SEQ ID NO: 2 (e.g., a substitution provided herein) and additional ACCase mutations as listed in Table 3. In some embodiments, the plants or plant cells provided herein may include a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising a combination of a mutation at the amino acid position corresponding to D2078 in SEQ ID NO: 2 (e.g., a substitution provided herein) and additional ACCase mutations at the amino acid position corresponding to P2083 in SEQ ID NO: 2.

[0017] In certain embodiments, the plant or plant cell provided herein may include a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position corresponding to P2083 in SEQ ID NO: 2 (i.e., the encoding protein has any amino acid other than proline at the position corresponding to P2083 in SEQ ID NO: 2). In certain embodiments, the plant or plant cell may include a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a substitution corresponding to P2083N in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, the plant or plant cell may include a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a substitution corresponding to P2083Q in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, the plant or plant cell may include a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a substitution corresponding to P2083S in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, the plant or plant cell may include a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a substitution corresponding to P2083T in SEQ ID NO: 2. In some embodiments, the plants or plant cells provided herein may include a mutant ACCase gene, which encodes an ACCase protein comprising a combination of a mutation at the amino acid position corresponding to P2083 in SEQ ID NO: 2 (e.g., a substitution provided herein) and additional ACCase mutations or multiple ACCase mutations as provided herein.In some embodiments, the plants or plant cells provided herein may include a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising a combination of a mutation at the amino acid position corresponding to P2083 in SEQ ID NO: 2 (e.g., a substitution provided herein) and additional ACCase mutations or multiple ACCase mutations as listed in Table 2. In some embodiments, the plants or plant cells provided herein may include a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising a combination of a mutation at the amino acid position corresponding to P2083 in SEQ ID NO: 2 (e.g., a substitution provided herein) and additional ACCase mutations as listed in Table 3. In some embodiments, the plants or plant cells provided herein may include a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein comprising a combination of a mutation at the amino acid position corresponding to P2083 in SEQ ID NO: 2 (e.g., a substitution provided herein) and additional ACCase mutations at the amino acid position corresponding to D2078 in SEQ ID NO: 2.

[0018] In some embodiments, the plants or plant cells provided herein may have two or more mutations in the ACCase gene such that the mutant gene encodes a protein comprising at least two amino acid substitutions at the amino acid positions corresponding to D2078 and P2083 in SEQ ID NO: 2. In some embodiments, the substitution at the amino acid position corresponding to D2078 in SEQ ID NO: 2 is selected from the group including, but is not limited to, D2078G, D2078K, D2078T, and D2078V. In some embodiments, the substitution at the amino acid position corresponding to D2078 in SEQ ID NO: 2 is D2078G. In some embodiments, the substitution at the amino acid position corresponding to P2083 in SEQ ID NO: 2 is selected from the group including, but is not limited to, P2083T, P2083S, P2083N, and P2083Q. In some embodiments, the substitution at the amino acid position corresponding to P2083 in SEQ ID NO: 2 is P2083T. In some embodiments, the plants or plant cells provided herein may have two or more mutations in the ACCase gene such that the mutant gene encodes a protein containing at least two amino acid substitutions at amino acid positions corresponding to D2078G and P2083T in Sequence ID No. 2.

[0019] In some embodiments, the plants or plant cells provided herein may have two or more mutations in the ACCase gene such that the mutant gene encodes a protein that contains at least two amino acid substitutions at the amino acid positions corresponding to D2089 and P2094 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 954. In some embodiments, the substitution at the amino acid position corresponding to position D2089 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 954 is selected from the group consisting of, but not limited to, D2089G, D2089K, D2089T, and D2089V. In some embodiments, the substitution at the amino acid position corresponding to position D2089 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 954 is D2089G. In some embodiments, the substitution at the amino acid position corresponding to position P2094 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 954 is selected from the group consisting of, but not limited to, P2094T, P2094S, P2094N, and P2094Q. In some embodiments, the substitution at the amino acid position corresponding to position P2094 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 954 is P2094T. In some embodiments, the plants or plant cells provided herein may have two or more mutations in the ACCase gene such that the mutant gene encodes a protein that contains at least two amino acid substitutions at the amino acid positions corresponding to D2089G and P2094T of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 954.

[0020] In some embodiments, the plants or plant cells provided herein may have two or more mutations in the ACCase gene such that the mutant gene encodes a protein that includes at least two amino acid substitutions at the amino acid positions corresponding to D2076 and P2081 of SEQ ID NO: 6. In some embodiments, the substitution at the amino acid position corresponding to position D2076 of SEQ ID NO: 6 is selected from the group consisting of, but not limited to, D2076G, D2076K, D2076T, and D2076V. In some embodiments, the substitution at the amino acid position corresponding to position D2076 of SEQ ID NO: 2 is D2076G. In some embodiments, the substitution at the amino acid position corresponding to position P2081 of SEQ ID NO: 6 is selected from the group consisting of, but not limited to, P2081T, P2081S, P2081N, and P2081Q. In some embodiments, the substitution at the amino acid position corresponding to position P2081 of SEQ ID NO: 6 is P2081T. In some embodiments, the plants or plant cells provided herein may have two or more mutations in the ACCase gene such that the mutant gene encodes a protein that includes at least two amino acid substitutions at the amino acid positions corresponding to D2076G and P2081T of SEQ ID NO: 6.

[0021] The present disclosure also relates to a method for producing a plant having a mutant ACCase gene that substantially maintains the catalytic activity of the wild-type protein, regardless of the presence or absence of aryloxyphenoxypropionate, cyclohexanedione, and / or phenylpyrazoline herbicides. The method can include introducing into a plant cell an ACCase gene that produces a gene product having one or more of the amino acid changes described herein, or mutating or genetically engineering the ACCase gene such that the gene produces a gene product having one or more of the amino acid changes described herein. The method can include introducing into a plant cell an oligonucleotide having a targeted mutation(s) in the ACCase gene that results in a gene product having one or more of the amino acid changes described herein.

[0022] The present invention further includes the identification of cells, seeds, or plants having a mutant ACCase gene, methods for cultivation and regeneration to collect seed-producing plants (hereinafter referred to as "fertile plants"), and the production of seeds and further plants from such fertile plants, including offspring (progeny) plants containing the mutant ACCase gene. For example, the D2078G mutation (numbered based on Sequence ID No. 2) may exhibit normal plant growth and strong herbicide resistance, but may exhibit sterility due to poor pollen survival and inability to produce seeds due to self-pollination. The D2078G / P2083T (numbered based on Sequence ID No. 2) double mutation may exhibit normal growth rate and herbicide resistance, but may regain fertility.

[0023] In various embodiments, the Disclosure relates to members of the aryloxyphenoxypropanoate system, the cyclohexanedione system, and / or the phenylpyrazoline system, for example, alloxidium, butroxidium, cresodium, cloxoxydium, cycloxidium, prophoxidium, cethoxydium, tepraloxidium, tralcoxidium, chlorajifop, clodinafop, clohop, diclohop-methyl, phenoxaprop, phenoxaprop-P-ethyl, fentiaprop, fluadifop, fluadifop-P- This also includes novel mutations in the ACCase gene and the resulting novel gene products that confer resistance or tolerance to plants to one or more of the following herbicides: butyl, haloxyhop, haloxyhop-p-methyl, isoxapyrhop, propaxafop, quizalohop, quizalohop-p-ethyl, triphop, pinoxadene, any agronomically acceptable salts and esters of any of these herbicides, and combinations thereof, wherein the mutant ACCase has substantially the same enzymatic activity as the wild-type ACCase.

[0024] With regard to the various embodiments, embodiments, compositions, and methods disclosed herein, plants or plant cells may express mutant ACCase proteins in which one or more residues of the ACCase gene are changed from plastid amino acid residues to cytoplasmic amino acid residues.

[0025] In related embodiments, plants or plant cells expressing a mutant ACCase protein comprising one or more substitutions at one or more amino acid positions corresponding to one or more positions or combinations of positions selected from the group of mutations listed in Table 1, and / or methods for producing such plants and / or plant cells are provided. In one embodiment, the ACCase protein comprises one or more substitutions at one or more amino acid positions corresponding to one or more positions or combinations of positions selected from the group of substitutions listed in Table 2. In one embodiment, plants or plant cells expressing a mutant ACCase protein comprising one or more substitutions at one or more amino acid positions corresponding to one or more positions or combinations of positions selected from the group of substitutions listed in Table 3, and / or methods for producing such plants and / or plant cells are provided.

[0026] In certain embodiments, the plant or plant cell is N1460, V1529, L1543, L1555, C1575, S1605, G1605-6A*, N1607, L1649, R1672, D1681, F1683, V1715, D1725, R1734, M1738, T1739, A1752, Q1756, I1766, K1772, N1780 of SEQ ID NO: 2 , I1781, G1783, S1784, A1785, A1786, S1792, I1811, L1818, Q1824, A1837, K1840, V1864, P1870, S19 22, K1930, K1938, E1946, A1957, V1966, I1967, M1974, M1975, V1992, W1999, A2004, W2027, E2039, I2 041, V2049, A2059, A2067, W2074, V2075, D2078, S2079, K2080, I2081, P2083, R2085, C2088, K2095, G2096, N2097, V2098, E2112, D2127, I2149, E2150, K2154, Q2155, L2159, E2169, A2178, A2179, V218 2. Proteins can be expressed that include one or more substitutions at one or more amino acid positions corresponding to positions selected from the group consisting of F2196, H2223, A2226, K2232, A2241, S2244, F2253, V2254, R2257, N2262, K2264, I2267, S2276, S2280, S2297, L2299, K2302, and K2317.

[0027] In certain embodiments, the plant or plant cell is N1460S, V1529M, L1543F, L1543V, L1555P, C1575S, S1605Y, G1605-6A*, N1607S, L1649M, R1672I, D1681E, D1681G, F1683L, V1715A, D1725E, R1734G, M1738L, T1739S, A1752T, Q1756P, Q1756E, I1766V, K1772E, K1772N, N1780D, I1781L, I1781T, I1781V, I1781A, G1783C, S1784G, S1784N, A1785G, A1786P, S1792L, I1811N, L1818H, L1818I, Q1824P , A1837V, K1840M, K1840R, V1864F, P1870R, S1922G, K1930N, K1938R, E1946G , E1946D, E1946V, A1957T, V1966L, I1967V, M1974T, M1975T, V1992D, W1999 C, W1999G, W1999L, W1999S, A2004V, W2027C, W2027R, E2039D, E2039G, I2041 D, I2041N, I2041V, V2049F, V2049I, V2049L, V2049T, V2049C, V2049A, V204 9S, A2059V, A2067S, W2074L, V2075M, V2075G, V2075I, V2075L, D2078G, D20 78K, D2078T, D2078V, S2079F, S2079P, K2080E, P2083N, P2083Q, P2083S, P2 083T, R2085S, C2088M, C2088N, C2088R, C2088W, C2088F, C2088G, C2088H, C2 088K, C2088S, C2088T, C2088L, C2088V, K2095E, K2095N, G2096A, G2096S, N 2097D, N2097S, N2097R, N2097K, N2097E, N2097H, N2097A, N2097G, N2097C, N 2097P, N2097L, N2097I, N2097M, N2097F, N2097W, N2097Q, N2097T, N2097Y, V2098A, V2098H, V2098P, V2098S, V2098G, V2098C, E2112G, E2112V, D2127N,The system expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing substitutions at amino acid positions corresponding to positions selected from the group consisting of I2149K, I2149V, E2150K, A2151T, K2154R, Q2155L, L2159P, E2169D, A2178I, A2179T, V2182A, F2196Y, H2223R, A2226S, K2232N, A2241T, F2253I, V2254I, N2262K, K2264R, I2267V, S2276F, S2276P, S2280P, S2297C, L2299I, K2302Q, and K2317T.

[0028] In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing one or more substitutions corresponding to one or more substitutions selected from the group consisting of V1529M, L1543F, L1543V, R1672I, D1681E, D1681G, S1784G, S1784N, A1785G, L1818H, L1818I, K1840M, K1840R, A1957T, M1974T, M1975T, D2078G, P2083T, N2097S, V2098G, E2112V, I2149K, A2226S, and N2262K of SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, the plant or plant cell is V1529M, L1543F, L1543V, L1555P, C1575S, S1605Y, G1605-6A*, L1649M, R1672I, D1681E, D1681G, F1683L, V1715A, D1725E, A1752T, I1766V, K1772E, S1784G, S1784N, L1818H, L1818I, K1840M, K1840R, K1930N, A1957T, V1966L, M1974T, M1975T, V1992D, A2067S, R208 The organism expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing one or more substitutions corresponding to one or more substitutions selected from the group consisting of 5S, E2112V, D2127N, I2149K, E2150K, A2151T, K2154R, Q2155L, L2159P, I2267V, E2169D, A2178I, A2179T, V2182A, F2196Y, H2223R, A2226S, K2232N, F2253I, V2254I, N2262K, S2276F, S2276P, S2280P, S2297C, L2299I, K2302Q, and K2317T.

[0029] In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to N1460S in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to V1529M in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to L1543F in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to L1543V in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to L1555P in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to C1575S in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to S1605Y in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to G1605-6A* as described herein. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to N1607S of SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to L1649M of SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to R1672I of SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to D1681E of SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to D1681G of SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to F1683L of SEQ ID NO: 2.In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to V1715A in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to D1725E in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to R1734G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to M1738L in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to T1739S in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to A1752T in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to Q1756P in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to Q1756E in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to I1766V in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to K1772E in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to K1772N in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to N1780D in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to I1781L in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to I1781T in SEQ ID NO: 2.In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to I1781V in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to I1781A in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to G1783C in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to S1784G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to S1784N in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to A1785G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to A1786P in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to S1792L in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to I1811N in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to L1818H in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to L1818I in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to Q1824P in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to A1837V in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to K1840M in SEQ ID NO: 2.In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to K1840R in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to V1864F in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to P1870R in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to S1922G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to K1930N in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to K1938R in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to E1946V in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to E1946G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to E1946D in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to A1957T in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to V1966L in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to I1967V in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to M1974T in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to M1975T in SEQ ID NO: 2.In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to V1992D in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to W1999C in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to W1999G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to W1999L in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to W1999S in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to A2004V in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to W2027C in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to W2027R in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to E2039D in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to E2039G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to I2041D in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to I2041N in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to I2041V in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to V2049I in SEQ ID NO: 2.In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to V2049F in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to V2049L in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to V2049T in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to V2049C in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to V2049C in SEQ ID NO: 2. In one embodiment, the plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to V2049A in SEQ ID NO: 2. In a particular embodiment, the plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to V2049S in SEQ ID NO: 2. In a particular embodiment, the plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to A2059V in SEQ ID NO: 2. In a particular embodiment, the plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to A2067S in SEQ ID NO: 2. In a particular embodiment, the plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to W2074L in SEQ ID NO: 2. In a particular embodiment, the plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to V2075I in SEQ ID NO: 2. In a particular embodiment, the plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to V2075L in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to V2075M in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to V2075G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to D2078G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to D2078K in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to D2078T in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to D2078V in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to S2079F in SEQ ID NO: 2.In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to S2079P in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to K2080E in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to P2083N in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to P2083Q in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to P2083S in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to P2083T in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to R2085S in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to C2088M in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to C2088N in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to C2088R in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to C2088W in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to C2088F in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to C2088G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to C2088H in SEQ ID NO: 2.In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to C2088K in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to C2088S in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to C2088T in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to C2088L in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to C2088V in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to K2095E in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to K2095N in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to G2096A in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to G2096S in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to N2097D in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to N2097S in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to N2097R in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to N2097K in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to N2097E in SEQ ID NO: 2.In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to N2097H in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to N2097A in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to N2097G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to N2097C in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to N2097P in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to N2097L in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to N2097I in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to N2097M in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to N2097F in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to N2097W in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to N2097Q in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to N2097T in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to N2097Y in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to V2098A in SEQ ID NO: 2.In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to V2098G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to V2098H in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to V2098P in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to V2098S in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to V2098C in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to E2112G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to E2112V in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to D2127N in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to I2149K in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to I2149V in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to E2150K in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to A2151T in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to K2154R in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to Q2155L in SEQ ID NO: 2.In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to L2159P in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to E2169D in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to A2178I in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to A2179T in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant... The cells express a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to V2182A in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, the plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to F2196Y in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, the plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to H2223R in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, the plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to A2226S in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, the plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to K2232N in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, the plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to A2241T in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, the plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to F2253I in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to V2254I in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to N2262K in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to K2264R in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to I2267V in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to S2276F in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to S2276P in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution corresponding to S2280P in SEQ ID NO: 2.In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to S2297C in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to L2299I in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to K2302Q in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to K2317T in SEQ ID NO: 2.

[0030] In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to N1460S in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to V1529M in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to L1543F in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to L1543V of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to L1555P of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to C1575S of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to S1605Y of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to G1605-6A* in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to N1607S in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to L1649M in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to R1672I of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to D1681E of SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to D1681G of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to F1683L of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to V1715A in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to D1725E in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to R1734G in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to M1738L in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to T1739S in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to A1752T in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to Q1756P in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to Q1756E of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to I1766V of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to K1772E of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to K1772N in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to N1780D in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to I1781L in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to I1781T in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to I1781V of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to I1781A of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to G1783C of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to S1784G of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to S1784N of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to A1785G of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to A1786P in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to S1792L of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to I1811N of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses the amino acid substitution corresponding to L1818H of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to L1818I of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to Q1824P of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to A1837V of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to K1840M in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to K1840R in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to V1864F in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to P1870R in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to S1922G in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to K1930N in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to K1938R in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to E1946G in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to E1946D in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to E1946V in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to A1957T in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to V1966L in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to I1967V in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to M1974T in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to M1975T in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to V1992D in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to W1999C in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to W1999G of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to W1999L in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to W1999S in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to A2004V in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to W2027C in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to W2027R in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to E2039D in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to E2039G of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to I2041D of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to I2041N of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to I2041V of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to V2049F of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to V2049I of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to V2049L of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to V2049T of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to V2049C of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., the substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses the amino acid substitution corresponding to V2049A of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to V2049S of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to A2059V of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to A2067S of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to A2074L of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to V2075G of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to V2075M of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to V2075I of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to V2075L of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to D2078G of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to D2078K in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to D2078T in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to D2078V in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to S2079F in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to S2079P in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to K2080E in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to P2083N in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to P2083Q in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to P2083S in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to P2083T in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to R2085S in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to C2088M in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to C2088N in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to C2088R in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to C2088W in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to C2088F in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to C2088G in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to C2088H in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to C2088K in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to C2088S in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to C2088T in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to C2088L in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to C2088V in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to K2095E in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to K2095N in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to G2096A of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to G2096S of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses an amino acid substitution corresponding to N2097D of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions as provided herein. Alternatively, a mutant ACCase protein containing a combination of substitutions (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3) is expressed. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to N2097S in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to N2097R in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to N2097K in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to N2097E of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to N2097H of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to N2097A of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to N2097G of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to N2097C of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to N2097P of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to N2097L of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to N2097I of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to N2097M of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to N2097F in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to N2097W in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to N2097Q in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to N2097T in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to N2097Y in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to V2098A in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to V2098G in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to V2098H of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to V2098P of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to V2098S of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to V2098C of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to E2112G in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to E2112V in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to D2127N in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to I2149K of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to E2150K in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to A2151T in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to K2154R in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to Q2155L of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to L2159P of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to E2169D of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to A2178I of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to A2179T in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to V2182A in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses the amino acid substitution corresponding to F2196Y in SEQ ID NO: 2 and... In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to H2223R in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to A2226S in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to K2232N in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to A2241T in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to F2253I in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to V2254I in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to N2262K of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to K2264R in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to I2267V in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to S2276F in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to S2276P of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to S2280P of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to S2297C of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing the amino acid substitution corresponding to L2299I of SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to K2302Q in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3). In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein comprising the amino acid substitution corresponding to K2317T in SEQ ID NO: 2 and additional substitutions or combinations of substitutions as provided herein (e.g., substitutions or combinations of substitutions listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3).

[0031] In certain embodiments, the plant or plant cell provided herein expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution at the position corresponding to D2078 in SEQ ID NO: 2 (i.e., the coding protein has any amino acid other than aspartic acid at the position corresponding to D2078 in SEQ ID NO: 2). In certain embodiments, the plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution at the position corresponding to D2078G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, the plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution at the position corresponding to D2078K in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, the plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution at the position corresponding to D2078T in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, the plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution at the position corresponding to D2078V in SEQ ID NO: 2. In some embodiments, the plants or plant cells provided herein express a mutant ACCase protein comprising an amino acid substitution at the position corresponding to D2078 in SEQ ID NO: 2 (e.g., the substitution provided herein) and a combination of additional ACCase mutations or multiple ACCase mutations as provided herein. In some embodiments, the plants or plant cells provided herein express a mutant ACCase protein comprising an amino acid substitution at the position corresponding to D2078 in SEQ ID NO: 2 (e.g., the substitution provided herein) and a combination of additional ACCase mutations or multiple ACCase mutations as listed in Table 1. In some embodiments, the plants or plant cells provided herein express a mutant ACCase protein comprising an amino acid substitution at the position corresponding to D2078 in SEQ ID NO: 2 (e.g., the substitution provided herein) and a combination of additional ACCase mutations or multiple ACCase mutations as listed in Table 2.In some embodiments, the plants or plant cells provided herein express a mutant ACCase protein comprising a combination of an amino acid substitution at the position corresponding to D2078 in SEQ ID NO: 2 (e.g., the substitution provided herein) and an additional ACCase mutation as shown in Table 3.

[0032] In certain embodiments, the plant or plant cell provided herein expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing a substitution at the amino acid position corresponding to P2083 in SEQ ID NO: 2 (i.e., the coding protein has any amino acid other than proline at the position corresponding to P2083 in SEQ ID NO: 2). In certain embodiments, the plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution at the position corresponding to P2083N in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, the plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution at the position corresponding to P2083Q in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, the plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution at the position corresponding to P2083S in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, the plant or plant cell expresses a mutant ACCase protein containing an amino acid substitution at the position corresponding to P2083T in SEQ ID NO: 2. In some embodiments, the plants or plant cells provided herein express a mutant ACCase protein comprising a substitution at the amino acid position corresponding to P2083 in SEQ ID NO: 2 (e.g., the substitution provided herein) and a combination of additional ACCase mutations or multiple ACCase mutations as provided herein. In some embodiments, the plants or plant cells provided herein express a mutant ACCase protein comprising a substitution at the amino acid position corresponding to P2083 in SEQ ID NO: 2 (e.g., the substitution provided herein) and a combination of additional ACCase mutations or multiple ACCase mutations as listed in Table 1. In some embodiments, the plants or plant cells provided herein express a mutant ACCase protein comprising a substitution at the amino acid position corresponding to P2083 in SEQ ID NO: 2 (e.g., the substitution provided herein) and a combination of additional ACCase mutations or multiple ACCase mutations as listed in Table 2.In some embodiments, the plants or plant cells provided herein express a mutant ACCase protein comprising a combination of a substitution at the amino acid position corresponding to P2083 in SEQ ID NO: 2 (e.g., the substitution provided herein) and an additional ACCase mutation as shown in Table 3.

[0033] In some embodiments, the plants or plant cells provided herein express a protein comprising at least two amino acid substitutions at the amino acid positions corresponding to D2078 and P2083 in SEQ ID NO: 2. In some embodiments, the substitution at the amino acid position corresponding to D2078 in SEQ ID NO: 2 is selected from the group including, but is not limited to, D2078G, D2078K, D2078T, and D2078V. In some embodiments, the substitution at the amino acid position corresponding to D2078 in SEQ ID NO: 2 is D2078G. In some embodiments, the substitution at the amino acid position corresponding to P2083 in SEQ ID NO: 2 is selected from the group including, but is not limited to, P2083T, P2083S, P2083N, and P2083Q. In some embodiments, the substitution at the amino acid position corresponding to P2083 in SEQ ID NO: 2 is P2083T. In some embodiments, the plants or plant cells provided herein express a protein that includes at least two amino acid substitutions at the amino acid positions corresponding to D2078G and P2083T in SEQ ID NO: 2.

[0034] In some embodiments, the plants or plant cells provided herein express a protein comprising at least two amino acid substitutions at the amino acid positions corresponding to D2089 and P2094 in SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 954. In some embodiments, the substitution at the amino acid position corresponding to D2089 in SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 954 is selected from the group including, but not limited to, D2089G, D2089K, D2089T, and D2089V. In some embodiments, the substitution at the amino acid position corresponding to D2089 in SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 954 is D2089G. In some embodiments, the substitution at the amino acid position corresponding to P2094 in SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 954 is selected from the group including, but not limited to, P2094T, P2094S, P2094N, and P2094Q. In some embodiments, the substitution at the amino acid position corresponding to P2094 in SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 954 is P2094T. In some embodiments, the plants or plant cells provided herein express a protein that includes at least two amino acid substitutions at the amino acid positions corresponding to D2089G and P2094T in SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 954.

[0035] In some embodiments, the plants or plant cells provided herein express a protein comprising at least two amino acid substitutions at the amino acid positions corresponding to D2076 and P2081 in SEQ ID NO: 6. In some embodiments, the substitution at the amino acid position corresponding to D2076 in SEQ ID NO: 6 is selected from the group including, but is not limited to, D2076G, D2076K, D2076T, and D2076V. In some embodiments, the substitution at the amino acid position corresponding to D2076 in SEQ ID NO: 2 is D2076G. In some embodiments, the substitution at the amino acid position corresponding to P2081 in SEQ ID NO: 6 is selected from the group including, but is not limited to, P2081T, P2081S, P2081N, and P2081Q. In some embodiments, the substitution at the amino acid position corresponding to P2081 in SEQ ID NO: 6 is P2081T. In some embodiments, the plants or plant cells provided herein express a protein that includes at least two amino acid substitutions at the amino acid positions corresponding to D2076G and P2081T of SEQ ID NO: 6.

[0036] This disclosure also relates to a method for producing plants having a mutant ACCase gene that substantially maintains the catalytic activity of the wild-type protein, with or without the presence of aryloxyphenoxypropanoic acid, cyclohexanedione, and / or phenylpyrazoline herbicides. The method may include introducing an ACCase gene into plant cells that produces a gene product having one or more of the amino acid changes described herein, or mutating or genetically engineering an ACCase gene so that the gene produces a gene product having one or more of the amino acid changes described herein. The method may include introducing an oligonucleotide having a target mutation (may be multiple) of an ACCase gene resulting in a gene product having one or more of the amino acid changes described herein into plant cells. The method of the present invention further includes the identification of cells, seeds, or plants having a mutant ACCase gene, and methods for cultivation and regeneration for harvesting seed-producing plants (hereinafter referred to as "fertility plants"), and the production of seeds and further plants from such fertility plants, including offspring (progeny) plants containing the mutant ACCase gene.

[0037] This disclosure also relates to modified ACCase proteins as described herein, nucleic acids encoding such proteins, and methods for expressing such proteins.

[0038] In certain embodiments, the mutant plants provided herein exhibit resistance to one or more of the following: alloxidim, butroxidim, cresodim, cloproxidim, cycloxidim, prophoxidim, cethoxydim, tepraloxidim, tralcoxidim, chlorajifop, clodinahop, clohop, diclohop-methyl, phenoxaprop, phenoxaprop-P-ethyl, fentiaprop, fluazihop, fluazihop-P-butyl, haloxyhop, haloxyhop-P-methyl, isoxapyrifop, propaxifop, quizalohop, quizalohop-P-ethyl, triphop, pinoxadene, agronomically acceptable salts and esters of any of these herbicides, and combinations thereof, and in certain embodiments retain substantially the same catalytic activity compared to the corresponding wild-type ACCase protein.

[0039] This disclosure further relates to a method for selectively controlling weeds in a field. The field may include plants having the ACCase gene modification of this disclosure. The method involves applying an aryloxyphenoxypropanoate-based, cyclohexanedione-based, and / or phenylpyrazoline-based herbicide to the field, to which the plants are conditioned to resist and the weeds are controlled. Preferred herbicides may be one or more of the following: alloxidim, butroxidim, cresodim, cloproxidim, cycloxidim, prophoxidim, cethoxydim, tepraloxidim, tralcoxidim, chlorajifop, clodinafop, clohop, diclofop-methyl, phenoxaprop, phenoxaprop-P-ethyl, fentiaprop, fluazifop, fluazifop-P-butyl, haloxyfop, haloxyfop-P-methyl, isoxapyrifop, propaxifop, quizalofop, quizalofop-P-ethyl, triphop, pinoxadene, agronomically acceptable salts and esters of any of these herbicides, and combinations thereof. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0040] [Figure 1A-1]The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 1) of the plastid-type ACCase (AMY310767) of Alopecurus myosuroides is shown. [Figure 1A-2] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 1) of the plastid-type ACCase (AMY310767) of Alopecurus myosuroides is shown. [Figure 1A-3] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 1) of the plastid-type ACCase (AMY310767) of Alopecurus myosuroides is shown. [Figure 1A-4] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 1) of the plastid-type ACCase (AMY310767) of Alopecurus myosuroides is shown. [Figure 1A-5] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 1) of the plastid-type ACCase (AMY310767) of Alopecurus myosuroides is shown. [Figure 1A-6] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 1) of the plastid-type ACCase (AMY310767) of Alopecurus myosuroides is shown. [Figure 1B-1] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 2) of the plastid-type ACCase (AMY310767) of Alopecurus myosuroides is shown. [Figure 1B-2] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 2) of the plastid-type ACCase (AMY310767) of Alopecurus myosuroides is shown. [Figure 2A-1] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 3) of the plastid-type ACCase (Os05g22940) of Oryza sativa (Cyprus) is shown. [Figure 2A-2] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 3) of the plastid-type ACCase (Os05g22940) of Oryza sativa (Cyprus) is shown. [Figure 2A-3] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 3) of the plastid-type ACCase (Os05g22940) of Oryza sativa (Cyprus) is shown. [Figure 2A-4]The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 3) of the plastid-type ACCase (Os05g22940) of Oryza sativa (Cyprus) is shown. [Figure 2A-5] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 3) of the plastid-type ACCase (Os05g22940) of Oryza sativa (Cyprus) is shown. [Figure 2A-6] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 3) of the plastid-type ACCase (Os05g22940) of Oryza sativa (Cyprus) is shown. [Figure 2B-1] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 4) of the plastid-type ACCase (Os05g22940) of Oryza sativa (Cyprus) is shown. [Figure 2B-2] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 4) of the plastid-type ACCase (Os05g22940) of Oryza sativa (Cyprus) is shown. [Figure 2C-1] This shows the reverse complementary genomic DNA fragment sequence (SEQ ID NO: 5) of the plastid-type ACCase (Os05g22940) of Oryza sativa (Cyprus). [Figure 2C-2] This shows the reverse complementary genomic DNA fragment sequence (SEQ ID NO: 5) of the plastid-type ACCase (Os05g22940) of Oryza sativa (Cyprus). [Figure 2C-3] This shows the reverse complementary genomic DNA fragment sequence (SEQ ID NO: 5) of the plastid-type ACCase (Os05g22940) of Oryza sativa (Cyprus). [Figure 2C-4] This shows the reverse complementary genomic DNA fragment sequence (SEQ ID NO: 5) of the plastid-type ACCase (Os05g22940) of Oryza sativa (Cyprus). [Figure 2C-5] This shows the reverse complementary genomic DNA fragment sequence (SEQ ID NO: 5) of the plastid-type ACCase (Os05g22940) of Oryza sativa (Cyprus). [Figure 2C-6] This shows the reverse complementary genomic DNA fragment sequence (SEQ ID NO: 5) of the plastid-type ACCase (Os05g22940) of Oryza sativa (Cyprus). [Figure 2C-7] This shows the reverse complementary genomic DNA fragment sequence (SEQ ID NO: 5) of the plastid-type ACCase (Os05g22940) of Oryza sativa (Cyprus). [Figure 2C-8] This shows the reverse complementary genomic DNA fragment sequence (SEQ ID NO: 5) of the plastid-type ACCase (Os05g22940) of Oryza sativa (Cyprus). [Figure 2C-9] This shows the reverse complementary genomic DNA fragment sequence (SEQ ID NO: 5) of the plastid-type ACCase (Os05g22940) of Oryza sativa (Cyprus). [Figure 2C-10] This shows the reverse complementary genomic DNA fragment sequence (SEQ ID NO: 5) of the plastid-type ACCase (Os05g22940) of Oryza sativa (Cyprus). [Figure 3-1] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 6) of the plastid-type ACCase (Os05g22940) of Oryza sativa (Japonica) is shown. [Figure 3-2] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 6) of the plastid-type ACCase (Os05g22940) of Oryza sativa (Japonica) is shown. [Figure 4A-1] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 7) of the plastid-type ACCase (AF29895) from Triticum aestivum is shown. [Figure 4A-2] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 7) of the plastid-type ACCase (AF29895) from Triticum aestivum is shown. [Figure 4A-3] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 7) of the plastid-type ACCase (AF29895) from Triticum aestivum is shown. [Figure 4A-4] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 7) of the plastid-type ACCase (AF29895) from Triticum aestivum is shown. [Figure 4A-5] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 7) of the plastid-type ACCase (AF29895) from Triticum aestivum is shown. [Figure 4A-6] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 7) of the plastid-type ACCase (AF29895) from Triticum aestivum is shown. [Figure 4B-1] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 8) of the plastid-type ACCase AF29895 from Triticum aestivum is shown. [Figure 4B-2] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 8) of the plastid-type ACCase AF29895 from Triticum aestivum is shown. [Figure 5A-1] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 9) of Zea mays plastid-type ACCase 1a (AY312171) is shown. [Figure 5A-2] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 9) of Zea mays plastid-type ACCase 1a (AY312171) is shown. [Figure 5A-3] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 9) of Zea mays plastid-type ACCase 1a (AY312171) is shown. [Figure 5A-4] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 9) of Zea mays plastid-type ACCase 1a (AY312171) is shown. [Figure 5A-5] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 9) of Zea mays plastid-type ACCase 1a (AY312171) is shown. [Figure 5A-6] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 9) of Zea mays plastid-type ACCase 1a (AY312171) is shown. [Figure 5B-1] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 10) of Zea mays plastid-type ACCase 1a (AY312171) is shown. [Figure 5B-2] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 10) of Zea mays plastid-type ACCase 1a (AY312171) is shown. [Figure 6A-1] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 11) of Zea mays plastid-type ACCase 1b (AY312172) is shown. [Figure 6A-2]The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 11) of Zea mays plastid-type ACCase 1b (AY312172) is shown. [Figure 6A-3] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 11) of Zea mays plastid-type ACCase 1b (AY312172) is shown. [Figure 6A-4] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 11) of Zea mays plastid-type ACCase 1b (AY312172) is shown. [Figure 6A-5] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 11) of Zea mays plastid-type ACCase 1b (AY312172) is shown. [Figure 6A-6] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 11) of Zea mays plastid-type ACCase 1b (AY312172) is shown. [Figure 6B-1] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 12) of Zea mays plastid-type ACCase 1b (AY312172) is shown. [Figure 6B-2] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 12) of Zea mays plastid-type ACCase 1b (AY312172) is shown. [Figure 7A-1] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 13) of the plastid-type ACCase (ZMU19183) of Zea mays is shown. [Figure 7A-2] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 13) of the plastid-type ACCase (ZMU19183) of Zea mays is shown. [Figure 7A-3] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 13) of the plastid-type ACCase (ZMU19183) of Zea mays is shown. [Figure 7A-4] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 13) of the plastid-type ACCase (ZMU19183) of Zea mays is shown. [Figure 7A-5] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 13) of the plastid-type ACCase (ZMU19183) of Zea mays is shown. [Figure 7A-6] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 13) of the plastid-type ACCase (ZMU19183) of Zea mays is shown. [Figure 7B-1]The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 14) of Zea mays plastid-type ACCase (ZMU19183) is shown. [Figure 7B-2] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 14) of Zea mays plastid-type ACCase (ZMU19183) is shown. [Figure 8A-1] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 15) of the plastid-type ACCase (AY219174) of Setaria italica is shown. [Figure 8A-2] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 15) of the plastid-type ACCase (AY219174) of Setaria italica is shown. [Figure 8A-3] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 15) of the plastid-type ACCase (AY219174) of Setaria italica is shown. [Figure 8A-4] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 15) of the plastid-type ACCase (AY219174) of Setaria italica is shown. [Figure 8A-5] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 15) of the plastid-type ACCase (AY219174) of Setaria italica is shown. [Figure 8A-6] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 15) of the plastid-type ACCase (AY219174) of Setaria italica is shown. [Figure 8B-1] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 16) of the plastid-type ACCase (AY219174) of Setaria italica is shown. [Figure 8B-2] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 16) of the plastid-type ACCase (AY219174) of Setaria italica is shown. [Figure 9A-1] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 17) of the plastid-type ACCase (AY219175, DIM-resistant) of Setaria italica. [Figure 9A-2] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 17) of the plastid-type ACCase (AY219175, DIM-resistant) of Setaria italica. [Figure 9A-3]This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 17) of the plastid-type ACCase (AY219175, DIM-resistant) of Setaria italica. [Figure 9A-4] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 17) of the plastid-type ACCase (AY219175, DIM-resistant) of Setaria italica. [Figure 9A-5] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 17) of the plastid-type ACCase (AY219175, DIM-resistant) of Setaria italica. [Figure 9A-6] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 17) of the plastid-type ACCase (AY219175, DIM-resistant) of Setaria italica. [Figure 9B-1] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 18) of the plastid-type ACCase (AY219175, DIM-resistant) of Setaria italica is shown. [Figure 9B-2] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 18) of the plastid-type ACCase (AY219175, DIM-resistant) of Setaria italica is shown. [Figure 10A-1] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 19) of the plastid-type ACCase (AF294805) of Setaria italica is shown. [Figure 10A-2] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 19) of the plastid-type ACCase (AF294805) of Setaria italica is shown. [Figure 10A-3] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 19) of the plastid-type ACCase (AF294805) of Setaria italica is shown. [Figure 10A-4] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 19) of the plastid-type ACCase (AF294805) of Setaria italica is shown. [Figure 10A-5] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 19) of the plastid-type ACCase (AF294805) of Setaria italica is shown. [Figure 10A-6]The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 19) of the plastid-type ACCase (AF294805) of Setaria italica is shown. [Figure 10B-1] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 20) of the plastid-type ACCase (AF294805) of Setaria italica is shown. [Figure 10B-2] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 20) of the plastid-type ACCase (AF294805) of Setaria italica is shown. [Figure 11A-1] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 21) of the plastid-type ACCase (Sb06003090) of Sorghum bicolor. [Figure 11A-2] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 21) of the plastid-type ACCase (Sb06003090) of Sorghum bicolor. [Figure 11A-3] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 21) of the plastid-type ACCase (Sb06003090) of Sorghum bicolor. [Figure 11A-4] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 21) of the plastid-type ACCase (Sb06003090) of Sorghum bicolor. [Figure 11A-5] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 21) of the plastid-type ACCase (Sb06003090) of Sorghum bicolor. [Figure 11A-6] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 21) of the plastid-type ACCase (Sb06003090) of Sorghum bicolor. [Figure 11B-1] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 22) of the plastid-type ACCase (Sb06003090) of Sorghum bicolor is shown. [Figure 11B-2] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 22) of the plastid-type ACCase (Sb06003090) of Sorghum bicolor is shown. [Figure 12-1] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 23) of the plastid-type ACCase of Brachypodium distachyon (Bradi5g03860) is shown. [Figure 12-2] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 23) of the plastid-type ACCase of Brachypodium distachyon (Bradi5g03860) is shown. [Figure 13A-1] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 950) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC050105.1) of Zea mays is shown. [Figure 13A-2] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 950) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC050105.1) of Zea mays is shown. [Figure 13A-3] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 950) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC050105.1) of Zea mays is shown. [Figure 13A-4] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 950) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC050105.1) of Zea mays is shown. [Figure 13A-5] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 950) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC050105.1) of Zea mays is shown. [Figure 13A-6] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 950) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC050105.1) of Zea mays is shown. [Figure 13A-7] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 950) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC050105.1) of Zea mays is shown. [Figure 13A-8] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 950) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC050105.1) of Zea mays is shown. [Figure 13A-9] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 950) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC050105.1) of Zea mays is shown. [Figure 13A-10] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 950) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC050105.1) of Zea mays is shown. [Figure 13A-11] The cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 950) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC050105.1) of Zea mays is shown. [Figure 13B-1]The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 951) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC050105.1) of Zea mays is shown. [Figure 13B-2] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 951) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC050105.1) of Zea mays is shown. [Figure 14A-1] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 952) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC012875) of Sorghum bicolor. [Figure 14A-2] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 952) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC012875) of Sorghum bicolor. [Figure 14A-3] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 952) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC012875) of Sorghum bicolor. [Figure 14A-4] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 952) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC012875) of Sorghum bicolor. [Figure 14A-5] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 952) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC012875) of Sorghum bicolor. [Figure 14A-6] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 952) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC012875) of Sorghum bicolor. [Figure 14A-7] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 952) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC012875) of Sorghum bicolor. [Figure 14A-8] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 952) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC012875) of Sorghum bicolor. [Figure 14B-1] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 953) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC012875) of Sorghum bicolor is shown. [Figure 14B-2] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 953) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC012875) of Sorghum bicolor is shown. [Figure 15-1]The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 954) of the plastid-type ACCase (NP001407229.1) of Oryza sativa subsp. Japonica is shown. [Figure 15-2] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 954) of the plastid-type ACCase (NP001407229.1) of Oryza sativa subsp. Japonica is shown. [Figure 16A-1] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 955) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC058519.1) of Hordeum vulgare. [Figure 16A-2] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 955) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC058519.1) of Hordeum vulgare. [Figure 16A-3] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 955) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC058519.1) of Hordeum vulgare. [Figure 16A-4] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 955) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC058519.1) of Hordeum vulgare. [Figure 16A-5] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 955) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC058519.1) of Hordeum vulgare. [Figure 16A-6] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 955) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC058519.1) of Hordeum vulgare. [Figure 16A-7] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 955) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC058519.1) of Hordeum vulgare. [Figure 16B-1] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 956) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC058519.1) of Hordeum vulgare is shown. [Figure 16B-2] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 956) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC058519.1) of Hordeum vulgare is shown. [Figure 17A-1]This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 957) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC057799.1) from Triticum aestivum. [Figure 17A-2] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 957) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC057799.1) from Triticum aestivum. [Figure 17A-3] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 957) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC057799.1) from Triticum aestivum. [Figure 17A-4] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 957) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC057799.1) from Triticum aestivum. [Figure 17A-5] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 957) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC057799.1) from Triticum aestivum. [Figure 17A-6] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 957) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC057799.1) from Triticum aestivum. [Figure 17A-7] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 957) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC057799.1) from Triticum aestivum. [Figure 17B-1] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 958) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC057799.1) of Triticum aestivum is shown. [Figure 17B-2] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 958) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC057799.1) of Triticum aestivum is shown. [Figure 18A-1] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 959) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC057798.1) from Triticum aestivum. [Figure 18A-2] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 959) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC057798.1) from Triticum aestivum. [Figure 18A-3]This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 959) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC057798.1) from Triticum aestivum. [Figure 18A-4] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 959) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC057798.1) from Triticum aestivum. [Figure 18A-5] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 959) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC057798.1) from Triticum aestivum. [Figure 18A-6] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 959) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC057798.1) from Triticum aestivum. [Figure 18A-7] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 959) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC057798.1) from Triticum aestivum. [Figure 18B-1] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 960) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC057798.1) of Triticum aestivum is shown. [Figure 18B-2] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 960) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC057798.1) of Triticum aestivum is shown. [Figure 19A-1] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 961) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC057797.1) from Triticum aestivum. [Figure 19A-2] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 961) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC057797.1) from Triticum aestivum. [Figure 19A-3] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 961) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC057797.1) from Triticum aestivum. [Figure 19A-4] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 961) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC057797.1) from Triticum aestivum. [Figure 19A-5]This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 961) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC057797.1) from Triticum aestivum. [Figure 19A-6] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 961) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC057797.1) from Triticum aestivum. [Figure 19A-7] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 961) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC057797.1) from Triticum aestivum. [Figure 19B-1] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 962) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC057797.1) of Triticum aestivum is shown. [Figure 19B-2] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 962) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC057797.1) of Triticum aestivum is shown. [Figure 20A-1] This shows the cDNA sequence (sequence number 963) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC028456.1) of Setaria italica. [Figure 20A-2] This shows the cDNA sequence (sequence number 963) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC028456.1) of Setaria italica. [Figure 20A-3] This shows the cDNA sequence (sequence number 963) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC028456.1) of Setaria italica. [Figure 20A-4] This shows the cDNA sequence (sequence number 963) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC028456.1) of Setaria italica. [Figure 20A-5] This shows the cDNA sequence (sequence number 963) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC028456.1) of Setaria italica. [Figure 20A-6] This shows the cDNA sequence (sequence number 963) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC028456.1) of Setaria italica. [Figure 20A-7]This shows the cDNA sequence (sequence number 963) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC028456.1) of Setaria italica. [Figure 20A-8] This shows the cDNA sequence (sequence number 963) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC028456.1) of Setaria italica. [Figure 20B-1] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 964) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC028456.1) of Setaria italica is shown. [Figure 20B-2] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 964) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC028456.1) of Setaria italica is shown. [Figure 21A-1] This shows the cDNA sequence (sequence number 965) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC067245.1) of Lolium perenne. [Figure 21A-2] This shows the cDNA sequence (sequence number 965) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC067245.1) of Lolium perenne. [Figure 21A-3] This shows the cDNA sequence (sequence number 965) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC067245.1) of Lolium perenne. [Figure 21A-4] This shows the cDNA sequence (sequence number 965) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC067245.1) of Lolium perenne. [Figure 21A-5] This shows the cDNA sequence (sequence number 965) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC067245.1) of Lolium perenne. [Figure 21A-6] This shows the cDNA sequence (sequence number 965) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC067245.1) of Lolium perenne. [Figure 21A-7] This shows the cDNA sequence (sequence number 965) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC067245.1) of Lolium perenne. [Figure 21A-8] This shows the cDNA sequence (sequence number 965) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC067245.1) of Lolium perenne. [Figure 21B-1] The amino acid sequence (sequence number 966) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC067245.1) of Lolium perenne is shown. [Figure 21B-2] The amino acid sequence (sequence number 966) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC067245.1) of Lolium perenne is shown. [Figure 22A-1] This shows the cDNA sequence (sequence number 967) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC053142.1) from Panicum virgatum. [Figure 22A-2] This shows the cDNA sequence (sequence number 967) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC053142.1) from Panicum virgatum. [Figure 22A-3] This shows the cDNA sequence (sequence number 967) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC053142.1) from Panicum virgatum. [Figure 22A-4] This shows the cDNA sequence (sequence number 967) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC053142.1) from Panicum virgatum. [Figure 22A-5] This shows the cDNA sequence (sequence number 967) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC053142.1) from Panicum virgatum. [Figure 22A-6] This shows the cDNA sequence (sequence number 967) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC053142.1) from Panicum virgatum. [Figure 22A-7] This shows the cDNA sequence (sequence number 967) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC053142.1) from Panicum virgatum. [Figure 22A-8] This shows the cDNA sequence (sequence number 967) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC053142.1) from Panicum virgatum. [Figure 22A-9] This shows the cDNA sequence (sequence number 967) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC053142.1) from Panicum virgatum. [Figure 22A-10]This shows the cDNA sequence (sequence number 967) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC053142.1) from Panicum virgatum. [Figure 22A-11] This shows the cDNA sequence (sequence number 967) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC053142.1) from Panicum virgatum. [Figure 22A-12] This shows the cDNA sequence (sequence number 967) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC053142.1) from Panicum virgatum. [Figure 22B-1] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 968) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC053142.1) from Panicum virgatum is shown. [Figure 22B-2] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 968) of the plastid-type ACCase (NC053142.1) from Panicum virgatum is shown. [Figure 23A-1] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 969) of the plastid-type ACCase (PepsiCoV2, chr4C) of Avena sativa. [Figure 23A-2] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 969) of the plastid-type ACCase (PepsiCoV2, chr4C) of Avena sativa. [Figure 23A-3] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 969) of the plastid-type ACCase (PepsiCoV2, chr4C) of Avena sativa. [Figure 23A-4] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 969) of the plastid-type ACCase (PepsiCoV2, chr4C) of Avena sativa. [Figure 23A-5] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 969) of the plastid-type ACCase (PepsiCoV2, chr4C) of Avena sativa. [Figure 23A-6] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 969) of the plastid-type ACCase (PepsiCoV2, chr4C) of Avena sativa. [Figure 23A-7]This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 969) of the plastid-type ACCase (PepsiCoV2, chr4C) of Avena sativa. [Figure 23A-8] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 969) of the plastid-type ACCase (PepsiCoV2, chr4C) of Avena sativa. [Figure 23B-1] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 970) of the plastid-type ACCase (PepsiCoV2, chr4C) of Avena sativa is shown. [Figure 23B-2] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 970) of the plastid-type ACCase (PepsiCoV2, chr4C) of Avena sativa is shown. [Figure 24A-1] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 971) of the plastid-type ACCase (PepsiCoV2, chr5D) of Avena sativa. [Figure 24A-2] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 971) of the plastid-type ACCase (PepsiCoV2, chr5D) of Avena sativa. [Figure 24A-3] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 971) of the plastid-type ACCase (PepsiCoV2, chr5D) of Avena sativa. [Figure 24A-4] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 971) of the plastid-type ACCase (PepsiCoV2, chr5D) of Avena sativa. [Figure 24A-5] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 971) of the plastid-type ACCase (PepsiCoV2, chr5D) of Avena sativa. [Figure 24A-6] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 971) of the plastid-type ACCase (PepsiCoV2, chr5D) of Avena sativa. [Figure 24A-7] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 971) of the plastid-type ACCase (PepsiCoV2, chr5D) of Avena sativa. [Figure 24A-8]This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 971) of the plastid-type ACCase (PepsiCoV2, chr5D) of Avena sativa. [Figure 24A-9] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 971) of the plastid-type ACCase (PepsiCoV2, chr5D) of Avena sativa. [Figure 24B-1] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 972) of the plastid-type ACCase (PepsiCoV2, chr5D) of Avena sativa is shown. [Figure 24B-2] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 972) of the plastid-type ACCase (PepsiCoV2, chr5D) of Avena sativa is shown. [Figure 25A-1] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 973) of the plastid-type ACCase (PepsiCoV2, chr6A) of Avena sativa. [Figure 25A-2] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 973) of the plastid-type ACCase (PepsiCoV2, chr6A) of Avena sativa. [Figure 25A-3] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 973) of the plastid-type ACCase (PepsiCoV2, chr6A) of Avena sativa. [Figure 25A-4] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 973) of the plastid-type ACCase (PepsiCoV2, chr6A) of Avena sativa. [Figure 25A-5] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 973) of the plastid-type ACCase (PepsiCoV2, chr6A) of Avena sativa. [Figure 25A-6] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 973) of the plastid-type ACCase (PepsiCoV2, chr6A) of Avena sativa. [Figure 25A-7] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 973) of the plastid-type ACCase (PepsiCoV2, chr6A) of Avena sativa. [Figure 25A-8]This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 973) of the plastid-type ACCase (PepsiCoV2, chr6A) of Avena sativa. [Figure 25B-1] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 974) of the plastid-type ACCase (PepsiCoV2, chr6A) of Avena sativa is shown. [Figure 25B-2] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 974) of the plastid-type ACCase (PepsiCoV2, chr6A) of Avena sativa is shown. [Figure 26A-1] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 975) of the plastid-type ACCase (PepsiCoV2, chr6A) of Avena sativa is shown. [Figure 26A-2] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 975) of the plastid-type ACCase (PepsiCoV2, chr6A) of Avena sativa is shown. [Figure 26A-3] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 975) of the plastid-type ACCase (PepsiCoV2, chr6A) of Avena sativa is shown. [Figure 26A-4] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 975) of the plastid-type ACCase (PepsiCoV2, chr6A) of Avena sativa is shown. [Figure 26A-5] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 975) of the plastid-type ACCase (PepsiCoV2, chr6A) of Avena sativa is shown. [Figure 26A-6] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 975) of the plastid-type ACCase (PepsiCoV2, chr6A) of Avena sativa is shown. [Figure 26A-7] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 975) of the plastid-type ACCase (PepsiCoV2, chr6A) of Avena sativa is shown. [Figure 26A-8] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 975) of the plastid-type ACCase (PepsiCoV2, chr6A) of Avena sativa is shown. [Figure 26B-1]The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 976) of the plastid-type ACCase (CAMZMU010000063) of Poa pratensis is shown. [Figure 26B-2] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 976) of the plastid-type ACCase (CAMZMU010000063) of Poa pratensis is shown. [Figure 27A-1] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 977) of the plastid-type ACCase (CAMZMU010000098) of Poa pratensis. [Figure 27A-2] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 977) of the plastid-type ACCase (CAMZMU010000098) of Poa pratensis. [Figure 27A-3] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 977) of the plastid-type ACCase (CAMZMU010000098) of Poa pratensis. [Figure 27A-4] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 977) of the plastid-type ACCase (CAMZMU010000098) of Poa pratensis. [Figure 27A-5] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 977) of the plastid-type ACCase (CAMZMU010000098) of Poa pratensis. [Figure 27A-6] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 977) of the plastid-type ACCase (CAMZMU010000098) of Poa pratensis. [Figure 27A-7] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 977) of the plastid-type ACCase (CAMZMU010000098) of Poa pratensis. [Figure 27A-8] This shows the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO: 977) of the plastid-type ACCase (CAMZMU010000098) of Poa pratensis. [Figure 27B-1] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 978) of the plastid-type ACCase (CAMZMU010000098) of Poa pratensis is shown. [Figure 27B-2]The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 978) of the plastid-type ACCase (CAMZMU010000098) of Poa pratensis is shown. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0041] Various aspects and embodiments of this disclosure provide plants or plant cells having one or more ACCase mutations and / or combinations of ACCase mutations, methods for producing such plants or plant cells, and methods for producing plants having desired cresodyme resistance. Various aspects and embodiments of this disclosure provide plants or plant cells having one or more ACCase mutations and / or combinations of ACCase mutations, methods for producing such plants or plant cells, and methods for producing plants having desired fertility.

[0042] It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various substitutions and modifications can be made to this disclosure without departing from the scope and intent of this disclosure.

[0043] The disclosure, as appropriately illustrated herein, may be implemented without any elements, limitations, or restrictions not specifically disclosed herein. For example, in each case herein, the terms “comprising,” “consist essentially of,” and “(consist of)” may be replaced with any of the other two terms. The terms and expressions used are for illustrative purposes only, not for limitation, and the use of such terms and expressions is not intended to exclude any equivalent of the features or parts thereof shown or described, but it should be understood that various modifications are possible within the scope of the claimed disclosure. Therefore, while the disclosure is specifically disclosed by preferred embodiments and optional features, modifications and alterations of the concepts disclosed herein are left to those skilled in the art, and such modifications and alterations should be understood as being within the scope of the disclosure as defined by the appended claims.

[0044] Accordingly, while this disclosure is specifically disclosed by preferred embodiments and optional features, it should be understood that modifications, improvements, and changes to the disclosed disclosure are left to those skilled in the art, and such modifications, improvements, and changes will be deemed to be within the scope of this disclosure. The materials, methods, and examples provided herein are representative and illustrative of preferred embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure.

[0045] This disclosure is described more broadly and generally herein. Each of the narrower species and sub-concept groups within the general disclosure also forms part of this disclosure. This includes the comprehensive description of this disclosure which contains any proviso or negative limitation that excludes any subject matter from the genus, whether or not the material deleted herein is specifically mentioned.

[0046] Furthermore, if any feature or aspect of this disclosure is described in relation to the Markush Group, a person skilled in the art will understand that this disclosure also describes any individual member or subgroup of members of the Markush Group.

[0047] All publications, patent applications, patents, and other references referenced herein are expressly incorporated by reference to the same extent as each would be incorporated individually by reference. In case of any conflict, including definitions, the specification of the present invention shall prevail. Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) gene

[0048] This disclosure generally relates to plants having mutations in the acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) gene. In some embodiments, one or more mutations in the ACCase gene result in enhanced herbicide resistance or tolerance. In some embodiments, one or more mutations in the ACCase gene result in enhanced cresodim resistance or tolerance. An exemplary set of nucleic acid sequences and corresponding amino acid sequences is shown in the figure.

[0049] The plastid-type ACCase gene product of Alopecurus myosuroides and the ACCase gene product of Oryza sativa have the following sequences (SEQ ID NO: 2; Figure 1B). [Table 2] TIFF2026513788000003.tif211162TIFF2026513788000004.tif64162

[0050] [Table 3] TIFF2026513788000006.tif216162TIFF2026513788000007.tif210162TIFF2026513788000008.tif187162

[0051] Some species have two or more ACCase genes. In such cases, one or more of the genes are mutated according to this description in order to produce herbicide-resistant mutants. Various ACCase genes are known at different expression levels, and if they differ, it is preferable to mutate the ACCase gene that is more highly expressed. In a preferred embodiment, all of the ACCase genes in a crop are mutated to phenotype one or more of alloxidim, butroxidim, cresodim, cloproxidim, cycloxidim, cethoxydim, tepraloxidim, tralcoxidim, chlorajifop, clodinafop, clofop, diclofop, phenoxaprop, phenoxaprop-P, fentiaprop, fluazifop, fluazifop-P, haloxyfop, haloxyfop-P, isoxapyrifop, propaxifop, quizalofop, quizalofop-P, triphop, pinoxadene, any agronomically acceptable salts and esters of any of these herbicides, and combinations thereof.

[0052] Mutations and mutant ACCase genes that produce gene products constituting resistance to one or more herbicides can be identified, for example, using techniques known in the art. For example, in vitro screening in microbial systems may be performed to save time and resources. Growth curves of microbial colonies expressing candidate mutant ACCase genes may be generated to evaluate the mutant ACCase genes when they confer a phenotype resistant to one or more herbicides. For example, U.S. Patent No. 6,306,636 describes how Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains lacking the natural acc1 gene were transformed into mutant ACCase constructs of the genus Oryza to identify resistance assays to one or more of the following herbicides: alloxidim, butroxidim, cresodim, cloproxidim, cycloxidim, cethoxidim, tepraloxidim, tralcoxidim, chlorajifop, clodinafop, clohop, diclohop, phenoxaprop, phenoxaprop-P, fentiaprop, fluazihop, fluazihop-P, haloxyhop, haloxyhop-P, isoxapyrifop, propaxifop, quizalohop, quizalohop-P, triphop, pinoxadene, agronomically acceptable salts and esters of any of these herbicides, and combinations thereof, using a wheat cytoplasmic ACCase chimeric constructs. This document discloses ACC1 mutants of cerevisiae. It also describes a growth curve assay and the K1 of candidate mutants. i and K m The enzyme assay used to measure the values ​​is performed using well-known assay techniques.

[0053] In various aspects and embodiments of this disclosure, plants having one or more ACCase mutations and / or combinations of mutations selected from the group consisting of mutations / combinations listed in Table 1 below, and / or methods for producing such plants are provided. As shown at the bottom of Table 1, some amino acids in certain ACCase proteins (e.g., rice plastid ACCase protein) are not found in the protein sequence of blackgrass (Alopecurus myosuroides). These positions are annotated with two-number identifiers indicating their surrounding positions in the blackgrass (Alopecurus myosuroides) protein. For example, "rice G1605-6A*" refers to a glycine residue in the rice ACCase protein located between residues 1605 and 1606 of the blackgrass (Alopecurus myosuroides) ACCase sequence, which is substituted with an alanine residue.

[0054] Table 1. Exemplary mutations; position numbering is indicated relative to the position in the plastid ACCase of blackgrass (Alopecurus myosuroides) (Figure 1B; Sequence ID No. 2). As an example, the N-to-S substitution at position 1460 in Sequence ID No. 2 may be described as "N→S" or "N1460S". [Table 4] TIFF2026513788000010.tif218162TIFF2026513788000011.tif217162TIFF2026513788000012.tif218162TIFF 2026513788000013.tif217162TIFF2026513788000014.tif215162TIFF2026513788000015.tif217162TIFF20265 13788000016.tif217162TIFF2026513788000017.tif214162TIFF2026513788000018.tif214162TIFF2026513788000019.tif213162TIFF2026513788000020.tif35162*G1605-6 represents a residue found in the rice ACCase enzyme but not in the blackgrass (Alopecurus myosuroides) reference sequence. The rice G1605-6 residue is located between positions 1605 and 1606 of the blackgrass (Alopecurus myosuroides) enzyme.

[0055] Various aspects and embodiments of this disclosure provide plants having one or more ACCase mutations and / or combinations of mutations selected from the group consisting of mutations / combinations listed in Table 2 below, and / or methods for producing such plants.

[0056] [Table 5] TIFF2026513788000022.tif216162TIFF2026513788000023.tif50162

[0057] Various aspects and embodiments of this disclosure provide plants having one or more ACCase mutations and / or combinations of mutations selected from the group consisting of mutations / combinations listed in Table 3 below, and / or methods for producing such plants.

[0058] [Table 6] TIFF2026513788000025.tif92162

[0059] In some embodiments, a plant or plant cell contains a mutant ACCase gene, where the gene is L1543V / D1681E;L1543F / D1681E;L1543V / D1681G;L1543F / D1681G;A1785G / I1781L;A1785G / I1781T;A1785G / I1781V;A1785G / C2088M;A1785G / C2088N;A1785G / C2088N;A178 5G / C2088R;L1818H / S1784N;L1818H / S1784G;L1818I / S1784N;L1818I / S1784G;V1529M / L1818H;V1529M / L1818I;K1840 R / L1818H;K1840R / L1818I;K1840M / L1818H;K1840M / L1818I;N2097D / D2078G;N2097S / D2078G;N2097D / V2075L;N2097S / V2075I;N2097D / V2075I;N2097S / V2075L;N2097D / V2098A;N2097D / V2098G;N2097S / V2098A;N2097S / V2098G;R1672I / D 2078G;M1974T / D2078G;D2078G / P2083T;D2078G / C2088M;D2078G / C2088N;D2078G / C2088R;K1840R / L1818H;S1784N / L18 It encodes a protein containing mutations at one or more amino acid positions corresponding to a position or combination of positions selected from the group consisting of 18H, D1725E / I1781T / V2075L;I1781T / V2075L;I1781L / V2075I;I1781L / V2075L;I1781T / V2075I; and I1781V / V2075I;I1781V / V2075L;I1781V / V2075I; and I1781V / V2075L.

[0060] In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to L1543V / D1681E in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to L1543F / D1681E in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to L1543V / D1681G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to L1543F / D1681G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to A1785G / I1781L in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to A1785G / I1781T in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to A1785G / I1781V in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to A1785G / C2088M in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, which encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to A1785G / C2088M in Sequence ID No. 2.In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to A1785G / C2088N in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to A1785G / C2088R in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to L1818H / S1784N in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to L1818H / S1784G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to L1818I / S1784N in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to L1818I / S1784G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to V1529M / L1818H in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to V1529M / L1818I in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, which encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to K1840R / L1818H in SEQ ID NO: 2.In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to K1840R / L1818I in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to K1840M / L1818H in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to K1840M / L1818I in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to N2097S / D2078G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to N2097S / V2075L in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to N2097S / V2098A in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to N2097S / V2098G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to R1672I / D2078G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, which encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to M1974T / D2078G in Sequence ID No. 2.In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to D2078G / P2083T in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to D2078G / C2088N in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to K1840R / L1818H in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to S1784N / L1818H in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to S1784N / L1818H in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to D1725E / I1781T / V2075L in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to I1781T / V2075L in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to I1781L / V2075I in SEQ ID NO: 2.In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to I1781L / V2075L in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to I1781T / V2075I in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to I1781V / V2075I in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to I1781V / V2075L in SEQ ID NO: 2.

[0061] In some embodiments, a plant or plant cell contains a mutant ACCase gene, where the gene is D1725E / I1781T / V2075L, V2098G, A2059V / D2078G / S2280P / S2297C, E2112V / D2078G, D1681G, D2078G / R1672I / M1975T, H2223R / D2078G / N2097S / S2276F, C1575S / G 1605-6A* / V2075L, D2078G / S2276P / K2302Q, R2085S / D2078G / Q2155L, M1974T / D2078G, D2078G / I2267V / E2150K, K 1930N / A1752T / F1683L / V2075L / E2169D, I1967V / V2075L, K1772E / S1784G, K2154R / D2078G / K2232N, I2149K / D2078 G, A2179T / E1946V / D2078G / F2253I, S1605Y / V2098A, V1529M / L1818H, V1992D / V2075L / F2196Y / L2299I, V2049I / V 2075L / A2178I, V2075L / N2097S, V2098A / A2151T / V2254I, L1649M / V1715A / D2078G, L1555P / S1605Y / D20786G, I176 It encodes a protein containing mutations at one or more amino acid positions corresponding to positions or combinations of positions selected from the group consisting of 6V / D2078G / D2127N, D2078G, D2078G / P2083T, V1966L / D2078G / V2182A / K2317T, A2067S / V2075L / L2159P, V2098G / A2226S, A1957T / V2075L, and N2262K / D2078G.

[0062] In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to D1725E / I1781T / V2075L in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to V2098G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to A2059V / D2078G / S2280P / S2297C in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to E2112V / D2078G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to D1681G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to D2078G / R1672I / M1975T in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to H2223R / D2078G / N2097S / S2276F in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, which encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to C1575S / G1605-6A* / V2075L of SEQ ID NO: 2.In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to D2078G / S2276P / K2302Q in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to R2085S / D2078G / Q2155L in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to M1974T / D2078G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to D2078G / I2267V / E2150K in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to K1930N / A1752T / F1683L / V2075L / E2169D in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to I1967V / V2075L in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, which encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to K1772E / S1784G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, which encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to K2154R / D2078G / K2232N in SEQ ID NO: 2.In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to I2149K / D2078G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to A2179T / E1946V / D2078G / F2253I in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to S1605Y / V2098A in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to V1529M / L1818H in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing mutations at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to V1992D / V2075L / F2196Y / L2299I of SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing mutations at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to V2049I / V2075L / A2178I of SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing mutations at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to V2075L / N2097S of SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, which encodes an ACCase protein containing mutations at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to V2098A / A2151T / V2254I of Sequence ID No. 2.In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to L1649M / V1715A / D2078G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to L1555P / S1605Y / D20786G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to I1766V / D2078G / D2127N in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to D2078G in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to V1966L / D2078G / V2182A / K2317T in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to A2067S / V2075L / L2159P in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, wherein the gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to V2098G / A2226S in SEQ ID NO: 2. In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, which encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to A1957T / V2075L in SEQ ID NO: 2.In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell may contain a mutant ACCase gene, which encodes an ACCase protein containing a mutation at the amino acid position(s) corresponding to N2262K / D2078G in Sequence ID No. 2.

[0063] In some embodiments, plants or plant cells are provided having an ACCase gene with one or more mutations, where A1785G enhances herbicide resistance to the I1781L mutation. In some embodiments, plants or plant cells are provided having an ACCase gene with one or more mutations, where A1785G enhances herbicide resistance to the S1784G mutation. In some embodiments, plants or plant cells are provided having an ACCase gene with one or more mutations, where A1785G enhances herbicide resistance to the S1784N mutation. In some embodiments, plants or plant cells are provided having an ACCase gene with one or more mutations, where the A1785G mutation enhances herbicide resistance to the D2078G mutation. In some embodiments, plants or plant cells are provided having an ACCase gene with one or more mutations, where the A1785G mutation enhances herbicide resistance to the C2088M mutation. In some embodiments, plants or plant cells are provided having an ACCase gene with one or more mutations, where the N2097S mutation enhances the herbicide resistance of the D2078G mutation. In some embodiments, plants or plant cells are provided having an ACCase gene with one or more mutations, where the N2097S mutation enhances the herbicide resistance of the V2075L mutation. In some embodiments, plants or plant cells are provided having an ACCase gene with one or more mutations, where the N2097S mutation enhances the herbicide resistance of the V2098A mutation. In some embodiments, plants or plant cells are provided having an ACCase gene with one or more mutations, where the N2097S mutation enhances the herbicide resistance of the V2098G mutation. In some embodiments, plants or plant cells are provided having an ACCase gene with one or more mutations, where the R1672I mutation enhances the herbicide resistance of the D2078G mutation. In some embodiments, plants or plant cells are provided that have an ACCase gene with one or more mutations, where the M1974T mutation enhances herbicide resistance of the D2078G mutation.In some embodiments, plants or plant cells are provided having an ACCase gene with one or more mutations, where the P2083T mutation enhances herbicide resistance of the D2078G mutation. In some embodiments, plants or plant cells are provided having an ACCase gene with one or more mutations, where the K1840R mutation enhances herbicide resistance of the L1818H mutation. In some embodiments, plants or plant cells are provided having an ACCase gene with one or more mutations, where the I1781T mutation enhances herbicide resistance of the V2075L mutation. In all cases, the ACCase numbering is relative to Sequence ID No. 2.

[0064] In certain embodiments, a plant or plant cell contains at least two mutations in the ACCase gene such that the mutant gene encodes a protein containing a first substitution at the position corresponding to D2078 in SEQ ID NO: 2 and a second substitution at the position corresponding to P2083 in SEQ ID NO: 2. Preferably, the plant or plant cell is not transgenic with respect to the D2078 / P2083 substitution (e.g., the mutations resulting in these substitutions are introduced by gene editing). As stated herein, SEQ ID NO: 2 is used herein as a reference sequence for other homologous ACCase sequences. Thus, as used herein, the phrase "substitution corresponding to <amino acid substitution at a specific position> in SEQ ID NO: 2" refers to the same substitution at the corresponding amino acid position in a homologous ACCase protein sequence. As an example, "ACCase protein containing the substitution corresponding to D2078G in SEQ ID NO: 2" includes the D2076G substitution in SEQ ID NO: 6 (ACCase of Oryza sativa subsp. Japonica) and the D2083G substitution in SEQ ID NO: 22 (Sorghum bicolor). While not exhaustive, the following are exemplary D2078 / P2083 amino acid positions compared across species. [Table 7] TIFF2026513788000027.tif135162

[0065] Accordingly, the term “ACCase homolog” or any variation thereof refers to an ACCase gene or ACCase gene product found in the same or substantially the same species as the ACCase gene and gene product of blackgrass (Alopecurus myosuroides) disclosed herein, and whose nucleic acid sequence or polypeptide sequence (of the ACCase gene product) is said to be “identical” or at least 50% similar (also referred to as “identity percentage” or “substantially identical”) as described herein.

[0066] Method for identifying sequence similarity Two polynucleotides or polypeptides are identical if the sequences of nucleotides or amino acid residues in each of the two sequences are the same when aligned to the greatest extent possible, as described below. In the context of two or more nucleic acid or polypeptide sequences, the terms “identical” or “percent identical” refer to two or more sequences or subsequences that are identical, or identical to a certain percentage of amino acid residues or nucleotides, when compared and aligned to the greatest extent possible across a comparison window, as measured using one of the sequence comparison algorithms described below, or by manual alignment and visual inspection. For polypeptides whose sequences differ by a conservative substitution, the sequence identity percentage may be adjusted up to compensate for the conservative nature of the substitution. Means for making this adjustment are well known to those skilled in the art. Typically, this involves scoring the conservative substitution as a partial mismatch rather than a complete mismatch, thereby increasing the sequence identity percentage. Thus, for example, if identical amino acids are given a score of 1 and non-conservative substitutions are given a score of 0, then the conservative substitution will be given a score between 0 and 1. The scoring of conservative substitutions is calculated according to algorithms such as Meyers & Miller, Computer Applic. Biol. Sci. 4:11-17 (1988), as implemented in programs such as PC / GENE (Intelligenetics, Mountain View, Calif., USA).

[0067] In the context of two nucleic acids or polypeptides, the terms “substantially identical” and “percent identity” refer to sequences or subsequences that have at least 50%, favorably 60%, preferably 70%, more preferably 80%, and most preferably 90–95% nucleotide or amino acid residue identity when aligned to achieve maximum match across a comparison window, as measured using one of the following sequence comparison algorithms or by manual alignment and visual inspection. This definition also refers to the complement of a test sequence that has substantial sequence or subsequence complementarity if the test sequence has substantial identity with respect to a reference sequence.

[0068] Those skilled in the art will understand that if two polypeptides are immunologically similar, they may also be "substantially identical." Thus, while the overall protein structures may be similar, the primary structures of the two polypeptides may differ significantly. Therefore, a method for determining whether two polypeptides are substantially identical involves measuring the binding of a monoclonal or polyclonal antibody to each polypeptide. If an antibody specific to the first polypeptide binds to the second polypeptide with an affinity at least one-third of its affinity to the first polypeptide, then the two polypeptides are substantially identical. Regarding sequence comparison, typically, one sequence serves as the reference sequence compared to the test sequence. When using a sequence comparison algorithm, the test sequence and reference sequence are entered into a computer, subsequence coordinates are specified as needed, and sequence algorithm program parameters are specified. The sequence comparison algorithm then calculates the sequence identity percentage of the test sequence(s) compared to the reference sequence based on the specified program parameters.

[0069] The optimal sequence alignment for comparison can be achieved, for example, by the local homology algorithm of Smith & Waterman, Adv.Appl.Math.2:482 (1981), by the homology alignment algorithm of Needleman & Wunsch, J.Mol.Biol.48:443 (1970), by the similarity search method of Pearson & Lipman, Proc.Nat'l.Acad.Sci.USA 585:2444 (1988), by computer implementations of these algorithms (GAP, BESTFIT, FASTA, and TFASTA by Wisconsin Genetics Software Package, Genetics Computer Group, 575 Science Dr., Madison, Wis.), by alignment software such as VECTOR NTI version 11.5 by Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA, USA, and ClustalW, Thompson, JD, Higgins, DGand This can be performed by following the procedure described in Gibson, TJ (1994) CLUSTALW: improving the sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position--specific gap penalties and weight matrix choice. Nucleic Acids Research, 22:4673-4680, or by visual inspection (see Protocols in Molecular Biology, FMAusubel et al., eds., Current Protocols, a joint venture between Greene Publishing Associates, Inc. and John Wiley & Sons, Inc., (1995 Supplement) (Ausubel)).

[0070] Examples of algorithms suitable for determining sequence identity percentage and sequence similarity are the BLAST and BLAST2.0 algorithms described in Altschul et al. (1990) J.Mol.Biol.215:403-410 and Altschul et al. (1977) Nucleic Acids Res.25:33 89-3402, respectively. Software for performing BLAST analysis is available from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (http: / / www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov / ). This algorithm involves initially identifying high-scoring sequence pairs (HSPs) by identifying short words of length W in the query sequence that match when aligned with words of the same length in the database sequence, or that satisfy a certain positive threshold score T. T is referred to as the neighbor word score threshold (Altschul et al. (ibid.)). These initial neighbor word hits serve as seeds to initiate a search for longer HSPs that contain them. Word hits are then extended in both directions along each sequence as long as the cumulative alignment score can be increased. For nucleotide sequences, the cumulative score is calculated using parameters M (reward score for a pair of matching residues; always > 0) and N (penalty score for mismatched residues; always < 0). For amino acid sequences, a scoring matrix is ​​used to calculate the cumulative score. When the cumulative alignment score falls below zero due to an accumulation of residue alignments that result in one or more negative scores, or when the end of either sequence is reached, the extension of word hits in each direction is stopped. The BLAST algorithm parameters W, T, and X determine the sensitivity and speed of alignment. The BLASTN program (for nucleotide sequences) uses 11 word lengths (W), 10 expected values ​​(E), M=5, N=-4, and a comparison of both strands as defaults.For amino acid sequences, the BLASTP program uses a word length (W) of 3, an expected value (E) of 10, and a BLOSUM62 scoring matrix by default (see Henikoff & Henikoff, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89:10915 (1989)). In addition to calculating the sequence identity percentage, the BLAST algorithm also performs a statistical analysis of the similarity between two sequences (see, for example, Karlin & Altschul, Proc. Nat'l. Acad. Sci. USA 90:5873-5787 (1993)). One measure of similarity given by the BLAST algorithm is the minimum sum probability (P(N)), which gives an indicator of the probability that a match between two nucleotides or amino acid sequences occurs by chance. For example, a nucleic acid is considered similar to a reference sequence if the minimum sum probability of the test nucleic acid being similar to the reference nucleic acid is less than about 0.1, more preferably less than about 0.01, and most preferably less than about 0.001.

[0071] Nucleic acids and their delivery to cells Certain aspects of this disclosure include nucleic acids (e.g., ACCase genes) and nucleic acids having one or more mutations. Various methods exist for inducing mutations in nucleic acids as described herein. In some embodiments, one or more nucleic acids may be delivered to cells as described herein.

[0072] Oligonucleotide bases As used herein, "oligonucleotide base" is a polymer of nucleic acid bases, which can hybridize to DNA having a complementary sequence by Watson-Crick base pairing.

[0073] Nucleic acid bases include bases that may be purines, pyrimidines, or derivatives or analogs thereof. Nucleic acid bases also include peptide nucleic acid bases, peptide nucleic acid subunits, and morpholine nucleic acid bases, as well as nucleosides and nucleotides. Nucleosides are nucleic acid bases containing a pentose furanosyl moiety, such as optionally substituted ribosides or 2'-deoxyribosides. Nucleosides can be linked by one of several binding sites, which may or may not contain phosphorus. Nucleosides linked by unsubstituted phosphodiester bonds are called nucleotides.

[0074] Oligonucleotide base chains may have a single 5' and 3' end, which is the last nucleic acid base of the polymer. A particular oligonucleotide base chain may contain all types of nucleic acid bases. Oligonucleotide base compounds are compounds containing one or more complementary oligonucleotide base chains that hybridize by Watson-Crick base pairing. Nucleic acid bases are either deoxyribo or ribo. Ribo nucleic acid bases are pentose furanosyl-containing nucleic acid bases in which the 2' carbon is substituted with a hydroxyl, alkyloxy, or halogen methylene group. Deoxyribo nucleic acid bases are nucleic acid bases other than ribo nucleic acid bases and include all nucleic acid bases that do not contain a pentose furanosyl moiety.

[0075] An oligonucleotide base chain generally includes both the oligonucleotide base chain and a segment or region of the oligonucleotide base chain. An oligonucleotide base chain has a 3' end and a 5' end. If the oligonucleotide base chain occupies the same space as the chain, the 3' and 5' ends of the chain are also the 3' and 5' ends of the chain.

[0076] Oligonucleotides can be introduced into plant cells using any method commonly used in the art, including, but not limited to, microcarriers (microparticle gun delivery), microfibers (whiskers), electroporation, nucleofection, PEG-mediated delivery, direct DNA uptake, and microinjection. Examples of oligonucleotides are listed below.

[0077] This description may be carried out using oligonucleotides having the three-dimensional structure and chemical properties described in the Kmiec I and Kmiec II patents incorporated herein by reference. Kmiec I teaches a method for introducing specific genetic alterations into a target gene. The oligonucleotides in Kmiec I and / or Kmiec II contain two complementary strands, one of which contains a segment of at least one RNA-type nucleotide ("RNA segment") that forms a base pair with a DNA-type nucleotide of the other strand.

[0078] Kmiec II discloses that purine and pyrimidine base-containing nonnucleotides can be used as substitutes for nucleotides. U.S. Patents Nos. 5,756,325, 5,871,984, 5,760,012, 5,888,983, 5,795,972, 5,780,296, 5,945,339, 6,004,804, and 6,010,907; and International Patent Application No. PCT / US00 / 23457; and International Patent Publication. WO98 / 49350, WO99 / 07865, WO99 / 58723, WO99 / 58702, WO99 / 40789; U.S. Patent No. 6,870,075; and U.S. Published Patent Application No. 20030084473 (each of which is incorporated herein in whole) disclose additional molecules that may be used in this description. The term “oligonucleotide base” is used herein to refer to molecules that may be used in the methods of this disclosure and include mixed double-stranded oligonucleotides, non-nucleotide-containing molecules taught in Kmiec II, single-stranded oligodeoxynucleotides, and other molecules taught in the above patents and patent publications.

[0079] In one embodiment, the oligonucleotide is a mixed double-strand oligonucleotide in which the RNA-type nucleotide of the mixed double-strand oligonucleotide is RNase-resistant by replacing the 2'-hydroxyl with a fluoro, chloro, or bromo functional group, or by locating a substituent on the 2'-O. Preferred substituents include those taught by Kmiec II. Other substituents include those taught by U.S. Patent No. 5,334,711 (Sproat) and those taught by Japanese Patent Publications EP629387 and EP679657 (collectively, the Martin application), which are incorporated herein by reference. As used herein, a ribonucleotide having a 2'-OH substituted with a 2'-fluoro, chloro, or bromo derivative of a ribonucleotide, or a substituent described in the Martin application or Sproat, is referred to as a "2'-substituted ribonucleotide". As used herein, the term “RNA-type nucleotide” means a 2'-hydroxyl or 2'-substituted nucleotide that is linked to other nucleotides of a mixed double-strand oligonucleotide by either an unsubstituted phosphodiester bond or a non-native bond taught by Kmiec I or Kmiec II. As used herein, the term “deoxyribo-type nucleotide” means a nucleotide having 2'-H that can be linked to other nucleotides of MDON by either an unsubstituted phosphodiester bond or any non-native bond taught by Kmiec I or Kmiec II.

[0080] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the oligonucleotide or GRON is a mixed double-strand oligonucleotide linked only by unsubstituted phosphodiester bonds. In alternative embodiments, the linkage is by substituted phosphodiesters, phosphodiester derivatives, and non-phosphorus-based linkages as taught by Kmiec II. In yet another embodiment, each RNA-type nucleotide in the mixed double-strand oligonucleotide is a 2'-substituted nucleotide. Particularly preferred embodiments of the 2'-substituted ribonucleotides are 2'-fluoro, 2'-methoxy, 2'-propyloxy, 2'-allyloxy, 2'-hydroxyethyloxy, 2'-methoxyethyloxy, 2'-fluoropropyloxy, and 2'-trifluoropropyloxy substituted ribonucleotides. More preferred embodiments of the 2'-substituted ribonucleotides are 2'-fluoro, 2'-methoxy, 2'-methoxyethyloxy, and 2'-allyloxy substituted nucleotides. In another embodiment, the mixed double-strand oligonucleotide is linked by unsubstituted phosphodiester bonds.

[0081] Mixed double-stranded oligonucleotides having only one type of 2'-substituted RNA-type nucleotide are more easily synthesized, but the methods of this disclosure can be carried out using mixed double-stranded oligonucleotides having two or more types of RNA-type nucleotides. The function of the RNA segment is not likely to be affected by the interruption caused by the introduction of a deoxynucleotide between two RNA-type trinucleotides, and therefore the term RNA segment encompasses such “interrupted RNA segments”. An uninterrupted RNA segment is referred to as a continuous RNA segment. In alternative embodiments, the RNA segment may alternately contain alternating RNase-resistant nucleotides and unsubstituted 2'-OH nucleotides. The mixed double-stranded oligonucleotide preferably has fewer than 100 nucleotides, more preferably fewer than 85 nucleotides, but more than 50 nucleotides. The first and second strands form Watson-Crick base pairs. In one embodiment, the strands of the mixed double-stranded oligonucleotide are covalently linked via a linker, e.g., a single-stranded hexa, penta, or tetranucleotide, such that the first and second strands form a segment of a single oligonucleotide strand having a single 3' end and a single 5' end. The 3' and 5' ends may be protected by the addition of “hairpin caps,” thereby enabling the 3' and 5' terminal nucleotides to form Watson-crick pairs with adjacent nucleotides. Additionally, a second hairpin cap may be positioned at the junction between the first and second strands, away from the 3' and 5' ends, to stabilize the Watson-crick pair formation between the first and second strands.

[0082] The first and second strands contain two regions homologous to the two fragments of the target ACCase gene, i.e., regions having the same sequence as the target gene. The homologous regions contain nucleotides from the RNA segment, may contain one or more DNA-type nucleotides from the linking DNA segment, or may contain DNA-type nucleotides not present in the intervening DNA segment. The two homologous regions are separated by a region called a "non-homologous region," which has a sequence different from that of the target gene, and each is adjacent to it. The non-homologous region may contain one, two, or three mismatched nucleotides. The mismatched nucleotides may be contiguous or separated by one or two nucleotides homologous to the target gene. Alternatively, the non-homologous region may also contain insertions of one, two, three, or five or fewer nucleotides. Alternatively, the sequence of the mixed double-stranded oligonucleotide may differ from that of the target gene only by deletions of one, two, three, or five or fewer nucleotides from the mixed double-stranded oligonucleotide. In this case, even if no nucleotides of the mixed double-stranded oligonucleotide are present within the non-homologous region, the length and location of the non-homologous region are considered to be the length of the deletion. If a substitution or multiple substitutions are intended, the distance between the complementary target gene fragments of the two homologous regions is the same as the length of the non-homologous region. If the non-homologous region contains an insertion, this separates the homologous regions in the mixed double-stranded oligonucleotide from their complementary homologous fragments present in the gene, and vice versa if the non-homologous region encodes a deletion.

[0083] Each RNA segment of a mixed double-stranded oligonucleotide is a homologous region, i.e., a region whose sequence is identical to that of a fragment of the target gene. These segments, as a whole, preferably contain at least 13 RNA nucleotides, preferably 16 to 25 RNA nucleotides, more preferably 18 to 22 RNA nucleotides, or most preferably 20 nucleotides. In one embodiment, the RNA segments of the homologous region are separated and adjacent to each other by an intervening DNA fragment, i.e., "linked". In one embodiment, each nucleotide in the non-homologous region is a nucleotide of the intervening DNA fragment. The intervening DNA fragment containing the non-homologous region of the mixed double-stranded oligonucleotide is referred to as a "mutagenic segment".

[0084] The changes introduced into the target gene are encoded by non-homologous regions. The changes introduced into the ACCase gene may be alterations of one or more bases in the target gene sequence that replace the native amino acid at that location with a desired amino acid.

[0085] In another embodiment of this disclosure, the oligonucleotide base is a single-stranded oligodeoxynucleotide mutagenic vector or SSOMV, which is disclosed in international patent application PCT / US00 / 23457, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. The SSOMV sequence is based on the same principle as the mutant vector described in U.S. Patents 5,756,325, 5,871,984, 5,760,012, 5,888,983, 5,795,972, 5,780,296, 5,945,339, 6,004,804, and 6,010,907; and International Publications WO98 / 49350, WO99 / 07865, WO99 / 58723, WO99 / 58702, WO99 / 40789; U.S. 6,870,075; and U.S. Patent Application No. 20030084473. The SSOMV sequence contains two regions homologous to the target sequence, separated by a region containing the desired gene mutation (referred to as a mutagenic region). The mutagenic region may have the same length as the sequence separating the homologous region in the target sequence, but with a different sequence. Such a mutagenic region induces substitution.

[0086] The nucleotides of the SSOMV are deoxyribonucleotides linked by unmodified phosphodiester bonds, except for the 3' and / or 5' terminal nucleotide-to-nucleotide bonds, or the two 3' and / or 5' terminal nucleotide-to-nucleotide bonds may be phosphorothioates or phosphoramidates. As used herein, nucleotide-to-nucleotide bonds refer to the nucleotide-to-nucleotide links of the SSOMV and do not include links between the 3' or 5' terminal nucleotide and blocking substituents (see above). In certain embodiments, the length of the SSOMV is 21 to 55 deoxynucleotides, and therefore the length of the homology region should be at least 20 deoxynucleotides in total length, with at least two homology regions each having a length of at least 8 deoxynucleotides.

[0087] SSOMVs can be designed to be complementary to either the coding or non-coding strand of the target gene. If the desired mutation is a single-base substitution, it is preferable that both mutagenic nucleotides are pyrimidines. It is preferable that both the mutagenic and target nucleotides in the complementary strand are pyrimidines, to the extent that this does not conflict with achieving the desired functional outcome. Particularly preferred are SSOMVs that encode a transversion mutation, i.e., where the C or T mutagenic nucleotide is mismatched with the C or T nucleotide in the complementary strand, respectively.

[0088] In addition to oligodeoxynucleotides, SSOMVs may contain a 5' blocking substituent bonded to the 5' terminal carbon via a linker. The chemical properties of the linker are not important except for its length, which should preferably be at least 6 atoms long, and the linker should be mobile. Various non-toxic substituents, such as biotin, cholesterol, or other steroids, or non-intercalating cationic fluorescent dyes can be used. Particularly preferred reagents for producing SSOMVs are those sold by Glen Research, Sterling, VA (acquired by Maravai LifeSciences) as Cy3® and Cy5®, which, when incorporated into oligonucleotides, are blocking phosphoramidites that produce 3,3,3',3'-tetramethyl N,N'-isopropyl-substituted indomonocarbocyanine and indodicarbocyanine dyes, respectively. Cy3 is most preferred. If the indocarbocyanine is N-oxyalkyl-substituted, it can be conveniently ligated to the 5' end of the oligodeoxynucleotide as a phosphodiester with the 5' terminal phosphate. The chemical properties of the dye linker between the dye and the oligodeoxynucleotide are not important, and it is selected based on the ease of synthesis. When commercially available Cy3 phosphoramidite is used as directed, the resulting 5' modification consists of a blocking substituent and a linker, which together form N-hydroxypropyl N'-phosphatidylpropyl 3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindomonocarbocyanine.

[0089] In preferred embodiments, the indocarbocyanine dye is tetrasubstituted at the 3 and 3' positions of the indole ring. These substitutions, though not limited to theory, prevent the dye from becoming an intercalating dye. The type of substituent at these positions is not important. SSOMV may further have a 3'-blocking substituent. Again, the chemical properties of the 3'-blocking substituent are not important.

[0090] In another embodiment, the oligonucleotide may be a single-stranded oligodeoxynucleotide having a sequence comprising at least 25 deoxynucleotides and 65 or fewer deoxynucleotides, each of which is identical to at least two regions of the target chromosome gene, each region being at least 24 nucleotides in length, and the region being separated by at least one nucleotide in the sequence of the target chromosome gene, the sequence of the oligodeoxynucleotide, or both, such that the sequence of the oligodeoxynucleotide is not identical to the sequence of the target chromosome gene. See U.S. Patent No. 6,271,360 incorporated herein by reference.

[0091] The mutations described herein may also be obtained by mutagenesis (random mutagenesis, somatic mutagenesis, or directional mutagenesis), and by other DNA editing or nucleases using repair templates, including, but not limited to, zinc finger nucleases, transcriptional activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and gene targeting using clustered and regularly arranged short palindromic sequence repeats (CRISPR). These nucleases may be plasmid (DNA)-based RNA and / or proteins. Microcarriers and microfibers

[0092] The use of metal microcarriers (microspheres) for introducing large DNA fragments into plant cells with cellulose cell walls by projectile penetration is well known to those skilled in the art (hereinafter referred to as particle gun delivery). U.S. Patents 4,945,050, 5,100,792, and 5,204,253 describe general methods for selecting microcarriers and devices for launching them. U.S. Patents 5,484,956 and 5,489,520 describe the preparation of broodable transgenic corn using microprojectile bombardments of corn callus tissue. Gene gun technology is also used in the transformation of immature corn embryos.

[0093] Specific conditions for using microcarriers in the methods of this disclosure are described in International Publication WO99 / 07865. In the exemplary method, ice-cold microcarriers (60 mg / mL), mixed double-chain oligonucleotides (60 mg / mL), 2.5 M CaCl2, and 0.1 M spermidine are added in this order, the mixture is gently stirred, for example by vortexing for 10 minutes, allowed to stand at room temperature for 10 minutes, then the microcarriers are diluted in 5 volumes of ethanol, centrifuged, and resuspended in 100% ethanol. Good results can be obtained when the concentrations in the bonding solution are 8–10 μg / μL of microcarriers, 14–17 μg / mL of mixed double-chain oligonucleotides, 1.1–1.4 M CaCl2, and 18–22 mM spermidine. Optimal results were observed under conditions of 8 μg / μL microcarrier, 16.5 μg / mL mixed double-stranded oligonucleotides, 1.3 M CaCl2, and 21 mM spermidine.

[0094] For the implementation of the present invention, oligonucleotides can also be introduced into plant cells by using microfibers to penetrate the cell wall and cell membrane. U.S. Patent No. 5,302,523, belonging to Coffee et al., describes the use of 30 x 0.5 μm and 10 x 0.3 μm silicon carbide fibers to facilitate the transformation of Black Mexican Sweet maize suspension cultures. For the transformation of plant cells using microfibers, any mechanical method that can be used to introduce DNA can be used to deliver the oligonucleotides used to produce the ACCase variants of the present invention. The procedure disclosed by Coffee et al. in U.S. Patent No. 5,302,523 can be used in conjunction with renewable plant cell material to introduce the oligonucleotides of the present invention to achieve mutations in the ACCase gene.

[0095] An exemplary method for delivering oligonucleotides via microfibers is as follows: A sterile microfiber (2 μg) is suspended in 150 μL of plant culture medium containing approximately 10 μg of mixed double-stranded oligonucleotides. The suspension culture is allowed to precipitate, and an equal volume of densely packed cells and the sterile fiber / nucleotide suspension are vortexed for 10 minutes and seeded onto a plate. The selective medium is applied immediately or delayed up to approximately 120 hours, as appropriate for the specific traits.

[0096] Electroporation In alternative embodiments, oligonucleotides may be delivered to plant cells by electroporation of protoplasts derived from plant parts, according to techniques well known to those skilled in the art. See, for example, Gallois et al., 1996, Methods in Molecular Biology 55:89-107, Humana Press, Totowa, NJ, and Kipp et al., 1999, Methods in Molecular Biology 133:213-221, Humana Press, Totowa, NJ.

[0097] Oligonucleotides can also be introduced into microspores by electroporation. The release of tetramolecules causes the microspores to become mononuclear and thin-walled. The microspores begin to swell and develop germination pores before outer wall formation. Microspores at this stage are potentially more suitable for transformation using exogenous DNA than other plant cells. In addition, microspore development can be modified in vitro to produce either haploid embryos or somatic embryogenetic calluses that can be regenerated in plants (Coumans et al., Plant Cell Rep. 7:618-621, 1989; Datta et al., Plant Sci. 67:83-88, 1990; Maheshwari et al., Am.J Bot. 69:865-879, 1982; Schaeffer, Adv. In Cell Culture 7:161-182, 1989; Swanson et al., Plant Cell Rep. 6:94-97, 1987). Thus, transformed microspores can be directly regenerated in haploid plants or digenomic haploid fertile plants by chromosome doubling using standard methods. See also concurrently pending U.S. Patent Application No. 09 / 680858, entitled Compositions and Methods for Plant Genetic Modification, which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0098] Microspore electroporation is not limited to corn (Zea mays), wheat (Triticum aestivum), rice (Oryza sativa), oats (Avena sativa), barley (Hordeum vulgare), rapeseed (Brassica napus, Brassica rapa, Brassica oleracea, and Brassica juncea), cotton (Gossypium hirsuitum L.), various leguminous species (e.g., soybeans (Glycine max), peas (Pisum sativum), etc.), and grapes (Vitis). This can be carried out in any plant species capable of microspore culture, including species such as vinifera, and many other important crop plants, including plants of the families Graminae, Leguminoceae, Cruciferaceae, Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Rosaccae, Poaceae, Lilaceae, Rutaceae, and Vitaceae. Microspore embryogenesis from both anther and microspore cultures has been described in over 170 species belonging to 68 genera and 28 families of dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous plants (Raghavan, Embryogenesis in Angiosperms: A Developmental and Experimental Study, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England, 1986; Rhagav...

Claims

1. A plant or plant cell having two or more mutations in the ACCase gene such that the mutant gene encodes an ACCase protein containing a first amino acid substitution at the position corresponding to D2078 of SEQ ID NO: 2 and a second amino acid substitution at the position corresponding to P2083 of SEQ ID NO:

2.

2. The plant or plant cell according to claim 1, wherein the first substitution is selected from D2078G, D2078K, D2078T, and D2078V.

3. The plant or plant cell according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first substitution is D2078G.

4. The plant or plant cell according to any one of the prior claims, wherein the second substitution is selected from P2083T, P2083S, P2083N, and P2083Q.

5. The plant or plant cell according to any one of the prior claims, wherein the second substitution is P2083T.

6. The plant or plant cell according to any one of the prior claims, wherein the first substitution is D2078G and the second substitution is P2083T.

7. The plant or plant cell according to any one of the prior claims, wherein the plant or plant cell belongs to the genus Oryza.

8. Oryza plants or plant cells having two or more mutations in the ACCase gene such that the mutant gene encodes a protein comprising a first amino acid substitution at the position corresponding to D2089 of SEQ ID NO: 4 and a second amino acid substitution at the position corresponding to P2094 of SEQ ID NO: 4; or a first amino acid substitution at the position corresponding to D2089 of SEQ ID NO: 954 and a second amino acid substitution at the position corresponding to P2094 of SEQ ID NO:

954.

9. The Oryza plant or plant cell according to claim 8, wherein the first substitution is D2089G.

10. The Oryza plant or plant cell according to any one of the prior claims, wherein the second substitution is P2094T.

11. An Oryza plant or plant cell according to any one of the prior claims, wherein the first substitution is D2089G and the second substitution is P2094T.

12. Oryza plants or plant cells having two or more mutations in the ACCase gene such that the mutant gene encodes a protein containing a first amino acid substitution at the position corresponding to D2076 of SEQ ID NO: 6 and a second amino acid substitution at the position corresponding to P2081 of SEQ ID NO:

6.

13. The Oryza plant or plant cell according to claim 12, wherein the first substitution is D2076G.

14. The Oryza plant or plant cell according to any one of the prior claims, wherein the second substitution is P2081T.

15. An Oryza plant or plant cell according to any one of the prior claims, wherein the first substitution is D2076G and the second substitution is P2081T.

16. A plant or plant cell expressing an ACCase protein containing a first amino acid substitution at the position corresponding to D2078 of SEQ ID NO: 2 and a second amino acid substitution at the position corresponding to P2083 of SEQ ID NO:

2.

17. The plant or plant cell according to claim 16, wherein the first substitution is selected from D2078G, D2078K, D2078T, and D2078V.

18. The plant or plant cell according to claim 16 or 17, wherein the first substitution is D2078G.

19. The plant or plant cell according to any one of claims 16 to 18, wherein the second substitution is selected from P2083T, P2083S, P2083N, and P2083Q.

20. The plant or plant cell according to any one of claims 16 to 19, wherein the second substitution is P2083T.

21. The plant or plant cell according to any one of claims 16 to 20, wherein the first substitution is D2078G and the second substitution is P2083T.

22. The plant or plant cell according to any one of claims 16 to 21, wherein the plant or plant cell belongs to the genus Oryza.

23. Oryza plants or plant cells expressing a protein comprising a first amino acid substitution at the position corresponding to D2089 of SEQ ID NO: 4 and a second amino acid substitution at the position corresponding to P2094 of SEQ ID NO: 4; or a first amino acid substitution at the position corresponding to D2089 of SEQ ID NO: 954 and a second amino acid substitution at the position corresponding to P2094 of SEQ ID NO:

954.

24. The Oryza plant or plant cell according to claim 23, wherein the first substitution is D2089G.

25. The Oryza plant or plant cell according to any one of claims 23 or 24, wherein the second substitution is P2094T.

26. An Oryza plant or plant cell according to any one of claims 23 to 25, wherein the first substitution is D2089G and the second substitution is P2094T.

27. An Oryza plant or plant cell expressing a protein containing a first amino acid substitution at the position corresponding to D2076 of SEQ ID NO: 6 and a second amino acid substitution at the position corresponding to P2081 of SEQ ID NO:

6.

28. The Oryza plant or plant cell according to claim 27, wherein the first substitution is D2076G.

29. The Oryza plant or plant cell according to any one of claims 27 or 28, wherein the second substitution is P2081T.

30. An Oryza plant or plant cell according to any one of claims 27 to 29, wherein the first substitution is D2076G and the second substitution is P2081T.

31. The plant or plant cell according to any one of the prior claims, wherein such plant or plant cell exhibits resistance to one or more of the following: alloxydime, butroxidime, cresodime, cloxoxydime, cycloxidime, prophoxidime, cethoxydime, tepraloxidime, tralcoxidime, chlorajifop, clodinahop, clohop, diclohop-methyl, phenoxaprop, phenoxaprop-P-ethyl, fentiaprop, fluadifop, fluadifop-P-butyl, haloxyhop, haloxyhop-P-methyl, isoxapyrifop, propaxifop, quizalohop, quizalohop-P-ethyl, triphop, pinoxadene, or agronomically acceptable salts or esters thereof.

32. The plant or plant cell according to any one of the prior claims, wherein such plant or plant cell exhibits resistance to cresodyne.

33. The plant or plant cell according to any one of the prior claims, wherein the plant or plant cell is fertile.

34. The plant or plant cell according to any one of the prior claims, wherein the plant or plant cell is non-transgenic with respect to the ACCase protein.

35. The plant species include rapeseed, sunflower, corn, tobacco, sugar beet, cotton, wheat (but not limited to Triticum spp., Triticum aestivum, Triticum durum, Triticum timopheevii, Triticum monococcum, Triticum spelta, Triticum zhukovskyi, and Triticum urartu, and their hybrids), barley (but not limited to Hordeum vulgare L., Hordeum comosum, Hordeum depressum, Hordeum intercedens, Hordeum This includes jubatum, Hordeum marinum, Hordeum parodii, Hordeum pusillum, Hordeum secalinum, and Hordeum spontaneum), rice (but not limited to, Oryza sativa subsp. indica, Oryza sativa subsp. Japonica, Oryza sativa subsp. javanica, Oryza sativa subsp. glutinosa (glutinous rice), Oryza sativa aromatica group (e.g., Basmati rice), and Oryza (This includes sativa (floating rice group)), alfalfa, sorghum (e.g., Sorghum bicolor), millet (e.g., Setaria italica), switchgrass (e.g., Panicum virgatum), Kentucky bluegrass (e.g., Poa pratensis), tomatoes, mangoes, peaches, apples, pears, strawberries, bananas, melons, cassava, potatoes, carrots, lettuce, onions, soybeans, soybean seeds, sugarcane, peas, chickpeas, field peas, fava beans, lentils, turnips, rutabaga, Brussels sprouts, lupine, cauliflower, kale, broad beans, poplar, pine, eucalyptus, grapes, citrus fruits, rye, alfalfa, rye (not limited to, but also includes Secale sylvestre, Secale strictum, Secale cereale, SecaleThis includes vavilovii, Secale africanum, Secale ciliatoglume, Secale ancestrale, and Secale montanum), perennial ryegrass (e.g., Lolium perenne), oats (e.g., Avena sativa), and lawns (but not limited to Zoysia japonica, Agrostris palustris, Poa pratensis, Poa annua, Digitaria sanguinalis, Cyperus rotundus, Kyllinga brevifolia, Cyperus amulicus, Erigeron). A plant or plant cell as described in any one of the prior claims, selected from the group consisting of forage grasses (including turfgrasses containing canadensis, Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides, Kummerowia striata, Euphorbia humifusa, and Viola arvensis), flax, rapeseed, cotton, mustard, cucumber, morning glory, balsam, pepper, eggplant, marigold, lotus, cabbage, daisy, carnation, tulip, iris, and lily.

36. A method for producing a plant or plant cell according to any one of the prior claims, comprising modifying the ACCase gene of a plant or plant cell.

37. A method for producing a plant or plant cells as described in any one of the prior claims, comprising exposing the plant cells to a modified GRON configured to introduce one or more base pair mismatches at a DNA cutter and a genomic target site.

38. The method according to claim 37, wherein the DNA cutter is site-specific and configured to introduce a double-strand break or a single-strand nick within 2 kb of the genomic target site.

39. A method for producing a plant or plant cell according to any one of the prior claims, comprising: a) introducing gene repair oligonucleotides configured to introduce one or more target mutations into the ACCase gene into plant cells to produce plant cells having a mutant ACCase gene that expresses an ACCase protein with one or more amino acid substitutions; and b) compared with the corresponding wild-type plant cell, alloxidim, butroxidim, cresodymium, cloproxidim, cycloxidim, cethoxydim, tepraloxidim, tralcoxidim, chlorajifop, clodinahop, clohop, diclo The method comprising: a) selecting plant cells exhibiting improved resistance to hops, phenoxaprop, phenoxaprop-P, fentiaprop, fluazihop, fluazihop-P, haloxyhop, haloxyhop-P, isoxapyrifop, propaxifop, quizalohop, quizalohop-P, triphop, pinoxadene, agronomically acceptable salts and esters of any of these herbicides, and one or more combinations thereof; and c) regenerating non-transgenic herbicide-resistant plants having mutant ACCase genes from the selected plant cells.

40. A method for producing a plant or plant cell according to any one of the prior claims, comprising: a) introducing gene repair oligonucleotides having a target mutation in the ACCase gene into plant cells to produce plant cells having a mutant ACCase gene that expresses an ACCase protein with one or more amino acid substitutions; and b) compared with the corresponding wild-type plant cell, alloxidim, butroxidim, cresodim, cloproxidim, cycloxidim, cethoxidim, tepraloxidim, tralcoxidim, chlorajifop, clodinahop, clohop, diclohop, fe The method comprising: a) selecting plant cells exhibiting improved resistance to noxaprop, fenoxaprop-P, fentiaprop, fluazihop, fluazihop-P, haloxyhop, haloxyhop-P, isoxapyrifop, propaxifop, quizalohop, quizalohop-P, triphop, pinoxadene, agronomically acceptable salts and esters of any of these herbicides, and one or more combinations thereof; and c) regenerating non-transgenic herbicide-resistant plants having mutant ACCase genes from the selected plant cells.

41. The method according to claim 39 or 40, further comprising introducing a DNA cutter into the plant cells, wherein the DNA cutter is site-specific and configured to introduce a double-strand break or a single-strand nick within 2 kb of the target mutation.

42. A method for culturing and regenerating plants to obtain seed-producing plants, and further comprising the production of additional plants, the production of seeds and offspring (progeny) plants containing the mutant ACCase gene.

43. The method according to any one of the prior embodiments, wherein the plant is fertile.

44. A plant ACCase protein containing a first amino acid substitution at the position corresponding to D2078 of SEQ ID NO: 2 and a second amino acid substitution at the position corresponding to P2083 of SEQ ID NO:

2.

45. The plant ACCase protein according to claim 44, wherein the first substitution is selected from D2078G, D2078K, D2078T, and D2078V.

46. The plant ACCase protein according to claim 44 or 45, wherein the first substitution is D2078G.

47. The plant ACCase protein according to any one of claims 44 to 46, wherein the second substitution is selected from P2083T, P2083S, P2083N, and P2083Q.

48. The plant ACCase protein according to any one of claims 44 to 47, wherein the second substitution is P2083T.

49. The plant ACCase protein according to any one of claims 44 to 47, wherein the first substitution is D2078G and the second substitution is P2083T.

50. The plant ACCase protein according to any one of claims 44 to 49, wherein the plant ACCase protein belongs to the genus Oryza.

51. An ACCase protein of the genus Oryza containing a first amino acid substitution at the position corresponding to D2089 of SEQ ID NO: 4 and a second amino acid substitution at the position corresponding to P2094 of SEQ ID NO: 4; or a first amino acid substitution at the position corresponding to D2089 of SEQ ID NO: 954 and a second amino acid substitution at the position corresponding to P2094 of SEQ ID NO:

954.

52. The Oryza genus ACCase protein according to claim 48, wherein the first substitution is D2089G.

53. The Oryza ACCase protein according to any one of claims 48 or 49, wherein the second substitution is P2094T.

54. The Oryza ACCase protein according to any one of claims 48 to 50, wherein the first substitution is D2089G and the second substitution is P2094T.

55. An Oryza ACCase protein expressing a protein containing a first amino acid substitution at the position corresponding to D2076 of SEQ ID NO: 6 and a second amino acid substitution at the position corresponding to P2081 of SEQ ID NO:

6.

56. The Oryza genus ACCase protein according to claim 52, wherein the first substitution is D2076G.

57. The Oryza ACCase protein according to any one of claims 52 to 53, wherein the second substitution is P2081T.

58. The Oryza ACCase protein according to any one of claims 52 to 54, wherein the first substitution is D2076G and the second substitution is P2081T.

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