Solvent-free supercritical fluid extraction system

Abstract

Provided is a solvent-free supercritical fluid extraction system for extracting composite plant material pigments. 【Solution means】A pretreatment unit 10 having a cleaning device 11 for cleaning the composite plant material raw material, a fluid storage tank 21 connected to the cleaning device and storing an extractant, and a primary extract containing various nutritional components by permeating, dissolving and extracting the composite plant material raw material with a supercritical fluid, 10 -10 A supercritical extraction reactor 22 for obtaining a composite plant material essential oil on the nano-order, a temperature adjustment device 23 connected to the supercritical extraction reactor to maintain the temperature of the supercritical fluid at 28°C to 33°C, and a pressure adjustment device 24 connected to the supercritical extraction reactor to provide and maintain the pressure of the supercritical fluid. A supercritical fluid extraction unit 20 comprising: a separation device 30 having a first circulation pump 41 and a second circulation pump 42, connected to the supercritical extraction reactor and separating the primary extract.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an extraction system for extracting pigments from composite plant materials, and more specifically to a supercritical fluid extraction system for extracting pigments from composite plant materials without using a solvent.

Background Art

[0002] Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction technology is an advanced and efficient substance separation technology that has been researched and developed in the chemical industry field for decades. The basic principle of supercritical extraction is to dissolve the target chemical components in a supercritical fluid under conditions higher than the critical temperature and critical pressure, and then by reducing the pressure of the fluid solution or increasing the temperature of the fluid solution, the solute dissolved in the supercritical fluid is precipitated due to the decrease in its density and solubility, thereby realizing the extraction of specific solutes. A supercritical fluid is a high-density fluid above the critical temperature and critical pressure. It is neither a gas nor a liquid, but has intermediate properties between a gas and a liquid, and is characterized by excellent solvent properties. When the fluid is in a supercritical state, its density is close to the liquid density, and moreover, obvious changes occur following changes in the fluid pressure and temperature, and the solubility of the solute in the supercritical fluid increases as the density of the supercritical fluid increases. Supercritical extraction technology can produce high-added-value products, can extract substances that cannot be extracted by chemical methods, has low costs, is safe, efficient, and is very suitable for industries such as the chemical industry, pharmaceuticals, and food.

[0003] Traditional methods for extracting plant essential oils generally extract the active ingredients by methods such as steam distillation, vacuum distillation, direct pressing method, and organic solvent extraction method, and then obtain the active ingredients by filtration, evaporation, or other separation means. However, since plant essential oils are non-volatile oils that cannot evaporate together with steam, the yield of kukui oil is low when extracted by the steam distillation method. Next, since the fruits of kukui are relatively hard, even if a direct pressing method such as a cold press method or a hot press method is adopted, the oil yield of kukui fruits is low. Also, when a solvent extraction method using water, ethanol, methanol, etc. is adopted, the quality of the extracted kukui fruit oil is poor, the purity is low, and there are off-odors and solvent residues.

[0004] To address the above-mentioned drawbacks, supercritical CO2 fluid technology has already been applied to the extraction of plant essential oils. The supercritical carbon dioxide extraction technology through low-temperature extraction promotes the solubility of the substances to be separated due to the change in density, and achieves the separation effect without additional pressurization. The supercritical fluid evaporates, and the amount of residual solvent is very small, or even non-existent. For example, general literature has already reported methods for extracting plant essential oils using supercritical CO2 respectively, but the extraction rate and yield of plant essential oils are still not ideal and need further improvement.

[0005] On the other hand, when extracting without using a solvent and directly putting the plant raw materials into the critical extraction system, the polysaccharides will form lumps as hard as bricks or stones in the extraction kettle, resulting in problems such as blockage of the fluid pipeline, deformation of the extraction kettle, and pressure increase up to the limit of the device. Therefore, without taking emergency measures, safety accidents are likely to occur, the equipment may be damaged even slightly, and in the worst case, casualties may occur.

[0006] Therefore, it is desired to develop a solvent-free supercritical fluid extraction system that can not only solve the problem of pipeline blockage caused by lumps of polysaccharides, but also solve the difficult problem of extracting cucurbit pigments, and can efficiently perform critical extraction without using a solvent.

Summary of the Invention

[0007] To overcome the various drawbacks and problems faced by the above-mentioned conventional technologies, the creators of the present invention have diligently studied various feasible solutions, and after countless tests and improvements, they have finally developed a solvent-free supercritical fluid extraction system. It can not only solve the problem of pipeline blockage caused by lumps of polysaccharides, but also solve the difficult problem of extracting pigments from composite plant materials. Moreover, by being able to efficiently perform critical extraction without using a solvent, composite plant material essential oils with a more environmentally friendly, health-beneficial, rich antioxidant power, and significantly improved nutrient content have been obtained, leading to the completion of the present invention.

[0008] Specifically, the present invention provides a solvent-free supercritical fluid extraction system suitable for low-temperature extraction and medium-temperature extraction and capable of extracting a wider variety of nutritional components, which is characterized by comprising a pretreatment unit, a supercritical fluid extraction unit, a separation device, and a recovery unit.

[0009] Preferably, the pretreatment unit is provided with a cleaning device that cleans the composite plant material raw materials and removes unnecessary impurities to obtain a plurality of clean composite plant material raw materials waiting for extraction.

[0010] Preferably, the supercritical fluid extraction unit is connected to the pretreatment unit and includes at least a fluid storage tank for storing the extractant, a supercritical extraction reaction tank, a temperature adjustment device, and a pressure adjustment device.

[0011] According to the present invention, first, the extractant is pressurized by a pressure pump to form a supercritical fluid. In the supercritical extraction reaction tank, the supercritical fluid penetrates, dissolves, and extracts a plurality of the composite plant material raw materials waiting for extraction, such as Siegesbeckia orientalis, Nigella sativa, Rosa multiflora var. thomsonii, Lycium barbarum, Perilla frutescens, Prunus armeniaca, flaxseed, Lithospermum erythrorhizon, Cordyceps militaris, wheat germ, etc., to obtain a primary extract containing a variety of nutritional components and a composite plant material essential oil in the nano-order. -10 Obtain a composite plant material essential oil in the nano-order.

[0012] Preferably, the temperature adjustment device is connected to the supercritical extraction reaction tank to raise and maintain the temperature of the supercritical fluid above the critical point, and the pressure adjustment device is connected to the supercritical extraction reaction tank to provide and maintain the pressure of the supercritical fluid exceeding the critical point.

[0013] Preferably, the separation device is connected to the supercritical extraction reaction tank, guides the primary extract after supercritical extraction to the separation device, and separates the composite plant material extract, the residue, and the supercritical fluid.

[0014] Preferably, the recovery unit includes at least a first circulation pump and a second circulation pump. The first circulation pump returns the supercritical fluid to the supercritical fluid extraction unit, and the second circulation pump returns the residue to the supercritical fluid extraction unit as a diluent.

[0015] Preferably, the temperature adjustment device includes a heater for providing a heating function and a cooler for providing a cooling function.

[0016] Preferably, the pressure adjustment device includes a compressor for providing a pressure increasing function and a pressure reducing valve for providing a pressure reducing function.

[0017] Preferably, the separation device includes a decompression chamber for passing the primary extract in a supercritical state through the decompression chamber, recovering gaseous carbon dioxide, and separating the composite plant material extract and the residue.

[0018] Preferably, the recovery unit further includes a storage device for storing the residue in a suitable low-temperature environment.

[0019] Preferably, further included is a control unit electrically connected to the supercritical fluid extraction unit, the temperature adjustment device, and the pressure adjustment device for controlling the temperature, pressure, and flow rate during the extraction process.

[0020] Preferably, the pretreatment unit further includes a drying device and a pulverizing device, the cleaning device is connected to the drying device, and the drying device is connected to the pulverizing device.

[0021] Preferably, the drying device dries the composite plant material raw material to reduce the moisture content.

[0022] Preferably, the pulverizing device pulverizes the dried composite plant material raw material into uniform granules, increases the extraction area, and improves the extraction efficiency.

[0023] Preferably, the nutritional components of the composite plant material include flavonoid compounds, polysaccharide compounds, vitamins, minerals, fatty acids, and carotenoids.

[0024] Therefore, according to the solvent-free supercritical fluid extraction system provided by the present invention, by using carbon dioxide as an extraction agent without using a solvent and performing critical extraction on the composite plant material in an oxygen-free state, the oxidation and denaturation effects of the extracted active ingredients can be successfully prevented. In addition to effectively separating and removing pesticides, insecticides, etc. in the raw materials, there is no solvent residue and environmental pollution, and a composite plant material essential oil that is completely non-toxic and has a significantly improved nutritional component content can be obtained.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a solvent-free supercritical fluid extraction system according to the present invention. Figure 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a solvent-free supercritical fluid extraction system according to the present invention. Figure 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a heater and a cooler according to the present invention. Hereinafter, preferred embodiments will be given according to the object and effect of the present invention, and will be described in detail in conjunction with the drawings.

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0026] Hereinafter, in order to more completely understand and easily understand the spirit and content of the present invention, different specific examples of the embodiments of the present invention will be listed and described in more detail. However, those with ordinary knowledge in the art should understand that the present invention is not naturally limited to these examples, and that the present invention can be achieved by using other similar or equivalent functions and step sequences.

[0027] In this specification, all technical and scientific terms used have the same meaning as those commonly understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains. Further, unless otherwise inconsistent in context, the singular terms used in this specification include the plural, and the plural terms include the singular.

[0028] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the solvent-free supercritical fluid extraction system 1 of the present invention is a solvent-free supercritical fluid extraction system 1 suitable for extracting a wider variety of nutritional components at low and medium temperatures, and is characterized by comprising a pretreatment unit 10, a supercritical fluid extraction unit 20, a separation device 30, a recovery unit 40, and a control unit 50.

[0029] The pretreatment unit 10 includes a cleaning device 11, a drying device 12, and a pulverizing device 13. The cleaning device 11 is used to clean the composite plant material raw material and remove unnecessary impurities to obtain a clean composite plant material raw material waiting for extraction. The cleaning device 11 is connected to the drying device 12, and the drying device 12 is connected to the pulverizing device 13. In the present invention, the plant material raw material may be at least one of sea buckthorn, nigella, rosa multiflora, schizandra chinensis, perilla, anise, flaxseed, lithospermum, cordyceps sinensis, wheat germ, and combinations thereof.

[0030] The drying device 12 is for drying the composite plant material raw material and reducing the moisture content. The pulverizing device 13 pulverizes the dried composite plant material raw material into granular powder to increase the extraction area and improve the extraction efficiency.

[0031] Also, the pulverizing means is, for example, at least one or more of crushing, mechanical crushing, vibration crushing, ultrasonic crushing, coarse pulverization, fine pulverization, and combinations thereof.

[0032] Also, the size of the granular powder is not particularly limited, but is usually controlled to be 50 mesh or more and 100 mesh or less in particle size.

[0033] In one embodiment, the supercritical fluid extraction unit 20 is connected to the pretreatment unit. The supercritical fluid extraction unit 20 includes at least a fluid storage tank 21, a supercritical extraction reaction tank 22, a temperature adjustment device 23, and a pressure adjustment device 24. Among them, the fluid storage tank 21 is used to store the extractant.

[0034] In addition, the extractant is, for example, at least one of carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide, sulfur hexafluoride, ethane, methanol, ammonia, water, or a combination thereof. The carbon dioxide (CO2) has a critical temperature (31°C) close to room temperature, a low liquefaction pressure, a moderate critical pressure (7.31 MPa), is easy to reach the supercritical state, has little volatility and destruction of bioactive substances, no residue, and is suitable for the extraction of foods, natural medicines, plants, etc. by the supercritical extraction method. Therefore, in the present invention, preferably carbon dioxide (CO2) is used as the extractant for supercritical extraction.

[0035] In one embodiment, the supercritical extraction reactor 22 pressurizes the extractant by a pressure pump 221 to form a supercritical fluid, and penetrates, dissolves, and extracts the nutrient components of the composite plant material raw material with the supercritical fluid, thereby obtaining a primary extract E0 containing various nutrient components. -10 Obtain a composite plant material essential oil in the nano-order.

[0036] In the present invention, the number of the supercritical extraction reactors 22 is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, one, two, or more. When a plurality of the supercritical extraction reactors 22 are used, the plurality of extraction reactors may be in series or in parallel. In the present invention, preferably, one extraction reactor or a plurality of extraction reactors in series are used.

[0037] In one embodiment, the temperature adjustment device 23 is connected to the supercritical extraction reactor 22 to raise and maintain the temperature of the supercritical fluid above the critical point, and the pressure adjustment device 24 is connected to the supercritical extraction reactor 22 to provide and maintain the pressure of the supercritical fluid exceeding the critical point.

[0038] In the present invention, the upper and lower limits of the temperature adjustment of the temperature adjustment device 23 are usually in the range of 190°K to 700°K and are not particularly limited. In one embodiment, the separation device 30 is connected to the supercritical extraction reactor 22, guides the primary extract after supercritical extraction to the separation device 30, and separates the composite plant material extract E f , the residue, and the supercritical fluid.

[0039] In the present invention, the separation device 30 is not particularly limited. For example, it is usually at least one of a filter, a sieve, a vacuum separator, a low-pressure separator, a medium-pressure separator, a high-pressure separator, and a gravity pressure separator.

[0040] In one embodiment, the recovery unit 40 includes at least a first circulation pump 41, a second circulation pump 42, and a storage device 43. The first circulation pump 41 returns the supercritical fluid to the supercritical fluid extraction unit 20, and the second circulation pump 42 returns the residue to the supercritical fluid extraction unit 20 as a diluent.

[0041] In the present invention, the number of the first circulation pump 41 and the second circulation pump 42 is not particularly limited. For example, it is one, two, or more. When a plurality of the first circulation pumps 41 and the second circulation pumps 42 are used, the plurality of the first circulation pumps 41 and the second circulation pumps 42 may be in series or in parallel.

[0042] In one embodiment, the storage device 43 stores the residue under an appropriate low-temperature environment. For example, it stores at a temperature of 0°C to room temperature, 28 to 33°C, or 35°C or lower. The residue is a diluent, and by extracting the composite plant material raw material in an appropriate proportion, the final finished product can be extracted without using a solvent, and the process of removing the solvent is not required.

[0043] In one embodiment, the control unit 50 is electrically connected to the supercritical fluid extraction unit 20, the temperature adjustment device 23, and the pressure adjustment device 24. The control unit 50 controls the temperature, pressure, and flow rate in the extraction process.

[0044] As shown in FIG. 2, the pressure adjustment device 24 includes a compressor 241 and a pressure reducing valve 242. The main role of the compressor 241 in the supercritical extraction reaction tank 22 is to increase the pressure of the extractant to reach or exceed the supercritical state. Therefore, the compressor 241 is the core module that ensures the possibility of performing supercritical extraction.

[0045] In the present invention, the upper and lower limits of the pressure adjustment of the pressure adjustment device 24 are usually from 30 atmospheres to 300 atmospheres and are not particularly limited.

[0046] In one embodiment, the compressor 241, as its function, raises carbon dioxide from a relatively low pressure to a high pressure (usually 7.38 MPa or more) required for the supercritical state, and circulates the extractant through the supercritical extraction reaction tank 22 and the separation device 30 to ensure a continuous flow and uniform distribution of the fluid and maintain a certain supercritical pressure, thereby optimizing the extraction efficiency and effect.

[0047] Furthermore, the pressure reducing valve 242 serves to reduce and control the pressure of the fluid so as to return it from the supercritical state to a relatively low pressure. This is important for the separation of the extracted active ingredient and the safe operation of the system.

[0048] In one embodiment, as its specific function, the pressure reducing valve 242 reduces the high-pressure extractant to a relatively low pressure, changes the extractant from the supercritical state to the subcritical or gaseous state, adjusts the valve opening degree, controls the flow rate and pressure of the extractant, thereby ensuring the stability and controllability during extraction, and when the pressure of the solvent-free supercritical fluid extraction system 1 is too high, the pressure reducing valve 242 can prevent the occurrence of system overload or dangerous situations and play a protective role.

[0049] Also, the pressure reducing valve 242 is not particularly limited. For example, any one or more of a direct-acting type, a sub-valve type, a constant-pressure load type, and a variable-pressure load type pressure reducing valve can be used.

[0050] As shown in FIG. 3, the temperature adjustment device 23 includes a heater 231 and a cooler 232. The heater 231 provides a heating function, and the cooler 232 provides a cooling function. Specifically, as its specific function, the heater 231 is used to heat the extractant to the temperature required for the supercritical state, for example, to 31.1°C, the supercritical temperature of carbon dioxide. Therefore, the heater 231 needs to ensure a temperature higher than this. During extraction, the temperature of the extractant is kept constant to ensure the stability and controllability of the extraction process. In addition, high temperature can improve the dissolution ability of the extractant and help extract the target component more efficiently.

[0051] In the present invention, the upper and lower limits of the temperature adjustment of the heater 231 are not particularly limited. Also, the heater 231 preferably used is not particularly limited. For example, any one or more of a resistance type, a coil type, an electromagnetic type, and an infrared heater can be used.

[0052] Next, as its specific function, the cooler 232 is used to cool the extractant from the supercritical state to a relatively low temperature to facilitate the precipitation or sedimentation of the active ingredient. To achieve the optimal separation effect, the temperature of the fluid is adjusted by the cooler at different stages of the system. In addition, it is included to avoid damage to other devices of the solvent-free supercritical fluid extraction system 1 caused by high temperature and extend the service life of the devices.

[0053] In the present invention, the upper and lower limits of the temperature adjustment of the cooler 232 are usually -20°C to 50°C and are not particularly limited. Also, the cooler 232 preferably used is not particularly limited. For example, any one or more of a cylindrical tube type, a plate type, an air-cooled type, a double-tube type, a vertical type, a horizontal type, an indirect type, a stationary type, and a suspended type cooler can be used.

[0054] In one embodiment, the solvent-free supercritical fluid extraction system 1 of the present invention can effectively extract various nutritional components of composite plant materials such as sea buckthorn, nigella, rosa multiflora, schizandra chinensis, perilla, apricot, flaxseed, licorice, cordyceps sinensis, wheat germ, etc., and can extract, for example, flavonoid compounds, polysaccharide compounds, vitamins, minerals, fatty acids, and carotenoids. Also, the composite plant essential oil is composed of fine molecules on the order of about 10 -10 nanometers or smaller.

[0055] The flavonoid compounds are, for example, lutein. According to literature and research reports, lutein is a powerful antioxidant, has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions, and helps protect eye health.

[0056] Next, the polysaccharide compounds mainly have various physiological activities such as immunomodulation, anti-fatigue, and anti-aging, and the specific content is affected by plant variety, growth environment, and extraction method.

[0057] Furthermore, the vitamins such as vitamin C and vitamin E help improve the immune system and antioxidant capacity and protect cell membranes from oxidative damage.

[0058] Also, the trace elements such as zinc and copper play important roles in various metabolic processes and enzyme systems of the human body and are beneficial to human health.

[0059] Also, the fatty acids are mainly polyunsaturated fatty acids such as linolenic acid and linoleic acid, which are beneficial to cardiovascular health.

[0060] Also, the main component of the carotenoid compounds is β-carotene (beta-carotene), which can be efficiently extracted with supercritical CO2. The selection of temperature and pressure usually affects the extraction efficiency and yield.

[0061] Also, in a specific embodiment, the solvent-free supercritical fluid extraction system of the present invention can simultaneously extract various different composite plant material raw materials to obtain a composite plant material essential oil containing unsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic acid and linolenic acid. The total oil content in the composite plant material essential oil is usually 3.5% to 35%. Further, in the actual extraction process, problems such as pipe blockage due to excessive polysaccharide concentration and agglomeration, and deformation of the extraction kettle have not occurred so far. Furthermore, the operation of extracting the composite plant material essential oil can be effectively carried out without using a solvent even if it is continuously performed for at least 700 working days or more.

[0062] Also, in a specific embodiment, the composite plant essential oil extracted using the system of the present invention can be further purified to improve the effect, obtaining a non-chemical solvent-type highly concentrated nutritious plant extraction oil, or it can be prepared into health care holy products according to the prescriptions for the health preservation of ancient emperors.

[0063] Therefore, according to the solvent-free supercritical fluid extraction system of the present invention, at least the following excellent effects can be achieved. 1. Since the composite plant material is extracted in a critical state, the problem that it is difficult to extract the pigment of the composite plant material can be effectively solved. 2. Since the critical extraction of the composite plant material is carried out without using a solvent, a solvent tank is not required, and solvent removal by heating is not required, so the problem of solvent residue does not occur. 3. Since the critical extraction of the composite plant material is carried out at a temperature of 35°C or lower, the activity of the composite plant material can be completely maintained. 4. Since the residue after extraction is used as a diluent, problems such as pipe blockage and deformation of the extraction kettle caused by excessive polysaccharide concentration and agglomeration do not occur.

[0064] To summarize the above, the content of the present invention has been exemplified and described in the above embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to only these embodiments. Those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. For example, the various technical contents exemplified in the above-described embodiments can be combined or changed to form a new embodiment, and such an embodiment is naturally regarded as one of the contents belonging to the present invention. Therefore, the scope to be protected by this application also includes the scope of the utility model registration claims and the defined scope thereof.

Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0065] 1 Solvent-free Supercritical Fluid Extraction System 10 Pretreatment Unit 11 Cleaning Device 12 Drying Device 13 Grinding Device 20 Supercritical Fluid Extraction Unit 21 Fluid Storage Tank 22 Supercritical Extraction Reactor 221 Pressure Pump 23 Temperature Adjustment Device 231 Heater 232 Cooler 24 Pressure Adjustment Device 30 Separation Device 31 Vacuum Chamber 40 Recovery Unit 41 First Circulation Pump 42 Second Circulation Pump 50 Control Unit E0 Primary Extract E f Composite Plant Material Extract

Claims

1. A solvent-free supercritical fluid extraction system with high nutrient extraction rate suitable for low temperature extraction, medium temperature extraction, and plant extraction, a pre-treatment unit including a washing device for washing the composite plant material raw material and removing unnecessary impurities to obtain a plurality of clean composite plant material raw materials ready for extraction; a fluid storage tank connected to the pretreatment unit for storing at least an extractant; 10. A primary extract containing various nutritional components is obtained by pressurizing the extractant with a pressure pump to form a supercritical fluid, and then permeating, dissolving and extracting the plurality of the composite plant material raw materials to be extracted with the supercritical fluid. －１０ a supercritical extraction reactor for obtaining nano-order composite plant material essential oils; a temperature control device connected to the supercritical extraction reaction vessel for increasing and maintaining the temperature of the supercritical fluid above its critical point; a pressure regulator connected to the supercritical extraction reaction vessel for providing and maintaining a pressure of the supercritical fluid above the critical point; a separation device connected to the supercritical extraction reaction vessel, for guiding the primary extract after supercritical extraction to the separation device, and for separating a composite plant material extract, a residue, and the supercritical fluid; A solventless supercritical fluid extraction system comprising at least a first circulation pump and a second circulation pump, the first circulation pump returning the supercritical fluid to the supercritical fluid extraction unit, and the second circulation pump returning the residue as a diluent to the supercritical fluid extraction unit.

2. 2. The solventless supercritical fluid extraction system according to claim 1, wherein the temperature adjustment device comprises a heater for providing a heating function and a cooler for providing a cooling function.

3. 2. The solventless supercritical fluid extraction system of claim 1, wherein the pressure regulator comprises a compressor for providing a pressure boosting function and a pressure reducing valve for providing a pressure reducing function.

4. 2. The solventless supercritical fluid extraction system of claim 1, wherein the separation device comprises a pressure reduction chamber for passing the primary extract in a supercritical state through the pressure reduction chamber to recover carbon dioxide in a gaseous state and separate a complex plant material extract and a residue.

5. 2. The solventless supercritical fluid extraction system of claim 1, wherein the recovery unit further comprises a storage device for storing the residue in a suitable cryogenic environment.

6. 2. The solventless supercritical fluid extraction system of claim 1, further comprising a control unit electrically connected to the supercritical fluid extraction unit, the temperature regulator and the pressure regulator for controlling the temperature, pressure and flow rate during the extraction process.

7. 2. The solventless supercritical fluid extraction system of claim 1, wherein the pre-treatment unit further comprises a drying device and a grinding device, the cleaning device being connected to the drying device, and the drying device being connected to the grinding device.

8. 8. The solventless supercritical fluid extraction system of claim 7, wherein the drying device dries the composite plant material feedstock to reduce its moisture content.

9. 8. The solvent-free supercritical fluid extraction system of claim 7, wherein the grinding device grinds the composite plant material raw material after drying into uniform granules, thereby increasing the extraction area and improving the extraction efficiency.

10. 10. The solvent-free supercritical fluid extraction system of claim 1, wherein the nutritional components of the complex plant material include flavonoid compounds, polysaccharide compounds, vitamins, mineral substances, fatty acids and carotenes.

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