A system for producing pyrolysis oil containing large amounts of recovered carbon black and biomass components from waste tires

Abstract

The present invention provides a system for producing pyrolysis oil containing large amounts of recovered carbon black and biomass components from waste tires, which employs a consistent, continuous operation to improve the efficiency of the recovery process and achieve energy-saving effects. The system comprises a pyrolysis unit 1, a reforming unit 2, a coarse carbon black treatment unit 3, a carbon black product production unit 4, and a pyrolysis gas treatment unit 5. The pyrolysis unit pyrolyzes waste tire chips A to produce carbon black containing a large amount of organic matter, pyrolysis oil C, and pyrolysis gas D. The reforming unit 2 adjusts the physicochemical properties of the carbon black particle surface and sends the resulting gas to the coarse carbon black treatment unit 3. The steel wire and metal impurities contained in the coarse carbon black are magnetically separated and sent to the carbon black product production unit 4, yielding recovered carbon black product B at the desired temperature and moisture content. The pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas are sent to the pyrolysis gas treatment unit and used as fuel.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of a system for producing recovered carbon black from waste tires and pyrolysis oil containing large amounts of biomass components. In particular, this invention relates to a system for producing recovered carbon black from waste tires and pyrolysis oil containing large amounts of biomass components, which employs a consistent, continuous operation to effectively improve the efficiency of the recovery process, improve the quality and physicochemical properties of the recovered carbon black products and pyrolysis oil containing large amounts of biomass components, and furthermore, enables the recycling of thermal energy, thereby fully achieving energy-saving effects. [Background technology]

[0002] With the dramatic increase in automobiles, the number of used scrap tires is becoming extremely large. The rubber material in scrap tires does not naturally decompose or rot, and when burned, it produces large amounts of air pollutants and toxic gases. Therefore, when scrap tires are directly incinerated, although energy can be recovered, the reusable materials contained in the scrap tires cannot be fully recovered and utilized, resulting in a large consumption of resources. Therefore, there is an international trend to recover and reuse scrap tires by processing them to produce recycled products.

[0003] There are two main methods for collecting and processing waste tires: physical processing and chemical processing. "Physical processing" involves extracting reinforcing materials such as steel wire, nylon, and cotton thread from waste tires, then crushing them and processing them into recycled products such as floor mats, foot mats, and planting blocks for reuse. "Chemical processing" involves pyrolyzing waste tires at appropriate temperatures and in an oxygen-free environment to break down recycled raw materials such as carbon black, pyrolysis oil, and flammable gases, which are then further processed to produce recovered products with high economic benefits.

[0004] Based on research, current waste tire pyrolysis technologies are generally divided into two types: batch pyrolysis and continuous pyrolysis. Batch pyrolysis involves adding waste rubber all at once into a sealed device for pyrolysis. Once the pyrolysis reaction is complete, cooling, decompression, and other processing steps are carried out. The recovered carbon black and other products from the pyrolysis reaction are then removed and replaced with new waste rubber for pyrolysis, allowing for the next pyrolysis operation. This pyrolysis method requires repeated heating and cooling for each batch of pyrolysis, resulting in high energy consumption and significantly lower processing efficiency. Furthermore, the recovered carbon black must be removed, collected, and then further processed to produce a product that meets quality standards, making the production process complicated and inconvenient, resulting in wasted labor costs and time. Furthermore, since the batch pyrolysis method processes a relatively large amount of waste rubber at one time, the heat conduction effect is likely to be poor, which results in incomplete pyrolysis and a high surface oil content of the recovered carbon black, which affects the physicochemical properties of the product in use and makes post-processing of the recovered carbon black more difficult.

[0005] Continuous pyrolysis technology can be further divided into continuous batch pyrolysis and continuous pyrolysis. Continuous batch pyrolysis employs multiple parallel pyrolysis furnaces, each of which can be controlled independently and does not affect the others. By sequentially operating the parallel pyrolysis furnaces, continuous pyrolysis can be achieved. Once the reaction in each furnace is complete, it can be cooled independently, the pyrolysis product removed, and new feedstock can be added. While this method allows for continuous pyrolysis, it requires constant heating and cooling of each furnace, as well as the repeated removal of pyrolysis product and the addition of new feedstock. Therefore, like the batch pyrolysis described above, continuous batch pyrolysis consumes a lot of energy. The recovered carbon black requires further post-processing, which complicates the production process and results in wasted labor costs and time. In addition, this method of continuous pyrolysis using multiple pyrolysis furnaces has many inconveniences, such as the need to operate and control each pyrolysis furnace individually, which makes the operation more complicated. Furthermore, the furnace equipment is very large and heavy, which imposes various limitations on its practical application.

[0006] Therefore, in recent years, continuous pyrolysis apparatuses have been developed that do not require the parallel operation of multiple pyrolysis furnaces as described above, as disclosed, for example, in Taiwan Patent No. I401309. In this continuous pyrolysis apparatus, multiple reaction compartments are provided within the reaction chamber of the pyrolysis furnace, and the multiple reaction compartments are connected to each other, with each reaction compartment having an axial transport structure. The axial transport structure has multiple spiral and blade sections along the central axis, so that the waste rubber material to be pyrolyzed fed into the reaction compartment of the pyrolysis furnace advances along the central axis as the reaction proceeds, stirring and mixing the waste rubber material, resulting in a more uniform and complete pyrolysis. Furthermore, the energy source required for continuous pyrolysis includes a heat source generator, a combustion chamber, and a superheated steam generator. The heat source generator provides high-temperature gas, and the combustion chamber is connected to the heat source generator, allowing the pyrolysis reaction to occur using the heat provided by the heat source generator. The superheated steam generator is also connected to the combustion chamber, providing superheated steam exceeding 100°C as a carrier gas for the gaseous products of the pyrolysis reaction. A pyrolysis product processing system is also installed downstream of the pyrolysis device. The pyrolysis product processing system, consisting of a separator, a magnetic separator, and a pulverizer, separates and separates metal components from the solid product (recovered carbon black) of the pyrolysis reaction, then pulverizes the product to a desired size for recovery and reuse. However, because this continuous steam pyrolysis device uses steam as the energy source for pyrolysis, the resulting solid product (recovered carbon black) and pyrolysis oil have a high moisture content and relatively poor product properties. Furthermore, the generation of large amounts of steam condensate leads to pollution. Furthermore, post-processing is essential for the solid product to meet product specifications and quality requirements, which similarly requires complex processing steps and results in wasted labor costs and labor time. Therefore, improvements are needed. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Taiwan Patent No. I401309 Specification Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] The objective of this invention is to provide a system for producing recovered carbon black and pyrolysis oil containing large amounts of biomass components from waste tires, which uses waste tire chips as a raw material and employs a consistent, continuous process of pyrolysis, modification, recovered carbon black treatment, and pyrolysis gas treatment, thereby effectively improving the efficiency of waste tire recovery and treatment and improving the quality of the recovered carbon black product and the pyrolysis oil containing large amounts of biomass components.

[0009] Another object of the present invention is to provide a system for producing pyrolysis oil containing large amounts of recovered carbon black and biomass components from waste tires, which can be recycled and reused as an energy source by circulating the pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas produced by pyrolysis, thereby stabilizing the energy source and effectively and completely pyrolyzing waste tires, and which also has an energy-saving effect. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention comprises a pyrolysis device, a reforming device, a coarse carbon black treatment device, a carbon black product production device, and a pyrolysis gas treatment device. The pyrolysis device includes a combustion furnace and a pyrolysis furnace. The combustion furnace uses pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas produced during pyrolysis as energy sources to generate high temperatures and provide the pyrolysis furnace with energy. The pyrolysis furnace pyrolyzes pulverized waste tire chips under high-temperature, oxygen-free conditions to produce carbon black, pyrolysis oil, and pyrolysis gas containing a large amount of organic matter. The reforming device is a reforming furnace that operates in series with the pyrolysis furnace. It uses the high-temperature gas fed into the combustion furnace as an energy source to modify the physicochemical properties of the particle surface of the organic-rich carbon black produced in the pyrolysis furnace, thereby producing coarse carbon black. The coarse carbon black is sent to the coarse carbon black treatment device, and the pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas are sent to the pyrolysis gas treatment device. The coarse carbon black processing device includes a rotary screen device, a magnetic separator, a bar magnet, and a coarse carbon black temporary storage tank. The coarse carbon black processing device sieves the input coarse carbon black into particles of a certain size and magnetically separates the steel wire and metal impurities contained in the input coarse carbon black. The coarse carbon black is then stored in the coarse carbon black temporary storage tank, and once a certain amount has accumulated, it is sent to the carbon black product production device. The carbon black product production device includes a pulverizer, a pulverizer dust collector, a collection buffer tank, a granulator, and a drying oven. The carbon black product production device first pulverizes the input coarse carbon black into a fine powder and filters out dust. The pulverized carbon black is then stored in the collection buffer tank. Once a certain amount has accumulated, it is stably fed into the granulator to granulate the powdered carbon black. The granular carbon black is then dried in a drying oven to remove excess moisture from the carbon black, resulting in a recovered carbon black product with a desired temperature and moisture content. The recovered carbon black product is sent to a product storage tank, weighed, packaged and shipped.The pyrolysis gas treatment device includes a spray chiller, a condenser, a settling tank, and a filter. The pyrolysis gas treatment device first condenses the pyrolysis gas produced by the pyrolysis reaction, extracts the initial pyrolysis oil from the condensable portion, and then further sediments and filters it to produce pyrolysis oil containing a large amount of biomass components. The non-condensable pyrolysis gas is returned to the combustion furnace and used as fuel. [Effects of the Invention]

[0011] This allows the processes of waste tire pyrolysis, coarse carbon black treatment, pyrolysis gas treatment, and production of carbon black products and pyrolysis oil containing large amounts of biomass components to be carried out in a consistent, continuous manner, effectively improving the efficiency of the recovery process and enhancing the quality of the recovered carbon black.Furthermore, by circulating and utilizing thermal energy, waste tires can be efficiently and completely pyrolyzed, thereby fully demonstrating energy-saving effects. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0012] [Figure 1] 1 is a structural block diagram of a system for producing recovered carbon black from waste tires and pyrolysis oil containing a large amount of biomass components according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0013] The design and technical content used in the overall system structure of the present invention will be explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0014] Referring to Figure 1, the present invention comprises a pyrolysis device 1, a reforming device 2, a crude carbon black treatment device 3, a carbon black product production device 4, and a pyrolysis gas treatment device 5.

[0015] The pyrolysis device 1 includes a combustion furnace 11 and a pyrolysis furnace 12. The combustion furnace 11 uses pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas as fuel, and generates high-temperature gas at 700°C to 900°C through combustion, thereby carrying out a pyrolysis reaction in the pyrolysis furnace 12. The pyrolysis furnace 12 uses the high-temperature gas sent from the combustion furnace 11 as its energy source, controls the temperature inside the furnace to between 300°C and 550°C, and maintains a negative pressure state. Crushed and introduced waste tire chips A are continuously transported by a screw conveyor 121 installed inside the furnace, and a pyrolysis reaction is carried out in a high-temperature, oxygen-free environment, thereby producing coarse carbon black containing a large amount of organic matter and pyrolysis gas.

[0016] The reformer 2 is primarily a reforming furnace and is operated in series with the pyrolysis furnace 12. The reformer 2 uses high-temperature gas fed from the combustion furnace 11 as its energy source. The coarse carbon black containing a large amount of organic matter produced in the pyrolysis furnace 12 is fed into the furnace. The temperature in the furnace is between 400°C and 600°C, and the furnace is under negative pressure. The organic matter contained in the coarse carbon black is thoroughly removed, and the physicochemical properties of the surface of the coarse carbon black are adjusted. Furthermore, a belt magnetic separator attached to the outlet magnetically attracts metal materials, such as steel wire, contained in the coarse carbon black, and the coarse carbon black is then sent to the coarse carbon black processing device 3.

[0017] The coarse carbon black processing device 3 includes a rotary screen device 31, a magnetic separator 32, a bar magnet 33, and a coarse carbon black temporary storage tank 34. The coarse carbon black produced by pyrolysis and reforming is sent to the rotary screen device 31 by a bucket elevator 311. Inside the rotary screen device 31, a sieve 312 with a fixed mesh size is installed. The sieve 312 is driven to move the input coarse carbon black forward and spread it in its direction of movement. Furthermore, as the input coarse carbon black moves forward, coarse carbon black particles smaller than the mesh size of the sieve 312 pass through the sieve 312 and fall, and are then sent to the subsequent magnetic separator 32. Larger coarse carbon black particles that cannot pass through the sieve 312 are discharged from the end opening 313 as the sieve 312 moves, and can be recovered and re-introduced into the pyrolysis furnace 12 for further pyrolysis.

[0018] A rotor 321 is installed in the center of the magnetic separator 32. The rotor 321 can rotate in one direction and is equipped with a magnet inside. As a result, the coarse carbon black introduced after being separated by the rotary screen device 31 is transported in the direction of the rotor 321's rotation, and the magnet magnetically attracts the steel wires and other metallic impurities contained in the coarse carbon black. The steel wires and other metallic impurities continue to rotate in the direction of the rotor 321 until they reach a non-magnetic angle in the rotor 321, at which point they naturally fall to the outlet nozzle 322 due to their own gravity. Non-metallic materials such as coarse carbon black fall to the outlet nozzle 323 on the other side and are sent to the coarse carbon black temporary storage tank 34 via the bucket elevator 324. Before the non-metallic material is sent to the coarse carbon black temporary storage tank 34, a bar magnet 33 is used to magnetically attract any remaining metal impurities, such as steel wire, and once a certain amount of the non-metallic material has accumulated in the coarse carbon black temporary storage tank 34, it is stably fed into the carbon black product production device 4.

[0019] The carbon black product production apparatus 4 includes a pulverizer 41, a pulverizer / dust collector 42, a collection buffer tank 43, a granulator 44, and a drying furnace 45. The pulverizer 41 pulverizes the coarse carbon black delivered from the coarse carbon black temporary storage tank 34, breaking up the carbon black's inherent agglomeration and turning it into a fine powder that can be granulated. The resulting powder is then sucked up by the pulverizer / dust collector 42. A dust filter bag 421 is provided inside the pulverizer / dust collector 42, allowing the powdered carbon black delivered in a gaseous state to pass through the dust filter bag 421, thereby collecting the dust and carbon black. The collected carbon black is then transported to the collection buffer tank 43 at the rear. When a certain amount of carbon black has accumulated, it is steadily fed into the granulator 44 via an air pressure valve 431 and a transport pipe.

[0020] Spiral-shaped cylindrical rods are installed inside the granulator 44, and the carbon black is transported backward. By adding granulation water during transportation, the interaction between the cylindrical rods and the housing causes the powdered carbon black to turn into granules, making it easier to transport. The powdered carbon black is then sent to the drying oven 45. The drying oven 45 uses the excess hot air from the pyrolysis furnace 12 as its energy source to dry the input carbon black as it rotates and transports it, removing excess moisture from the carbon black. This produces recovered carbon black product B, which meets the desired temperature and moisture content standards. The recovered carbon black product B is then sent by a bucket elevator 451 to a carbon black product storage tank 46, where it is weighed, packaged, and shipped.

[0021] The quality analysis of recovered carbon black products produced by implementing the present invention as described above shows that the basic physical properties of the recovered carbon black are only slightly lower than those of ASTM N330 standard carbon black, as shown in Table 1. The results of rubber processing tests, as shown in Table 2, show the overall physical properties of the recovered carbon black (including reinforcing properties, dispersibility, and blackness), which can serve as a reference for the application and formulation of recovered carbon black in various industries, making it of great utility in industry. [Table 1] [Table 2]

[0022] The pyrolysis gas treatment device 5 is connected to the pyrolysis furnace 12 and is composed of a spray cooling device 51, a condenser 52, a settling tank 53, and a filtration device 54. The pyrolysis gas produced by the pyrolysis reaction in the pyrolysis furnace 12 is condensed by the spray cooling device 51 and the condenser 52, and the condensable portion is extracted from the bottom as initial pyrolysis oil. This is then sedimented in the settling tank 53 and sent to two filtration devices 54, where it is repeatedly filtered to produce pyrolysis oil C containing a large amount of biomass components. The non-condensable pyrolysis gas D is sent to the combustion furnace 11 and used as fuel.

[0023] The pyrolysis gas, pyrolysis oil containing a large amount of biomass, and pyrolysis oil were produced by implementing the present invention as described above. The pyrolysis gas component analysis is shown in Table 3, the biomass-rich pyrolysis oil component analysis is shown in Table 4, and the biomass component analysis of the pyrolysis oil is shown in Table 5. The products produced are generally accepted and used in the market. [Table 3] [Table 4] [Table 5]

[0024] This invention effectively improves the efficiency of waste tire recovery and processing by continuously and consistently processing waste tires through a pyrolysis device 1, a reforming device 2, a coarse carbon black treatment device 3, a carbon black product production device 4, and a pyrolysis gas treatment device 5. Furthermore, the reforming device 2 is used to adjust the surface physicochemical properties and organic matter content of the coarse carbon black produced by the pyrolysis of waste tires, and to remove harmful components contained in the coarse carbon black, thereby meeting the standards for use in the rubber and plastics industries and increasing the recycling value of recovered carbon black B. Furthermore, the carbon black particle size of the coarse carbon black recovered by this invention can be adjusted according to the purpose of recycling using the carbon black product production device 4, allowing the recovered carbon black B to be widely used in rubber processing, plastic coloring, ink, and textile dyeing. Furthermore, this invention can produce pyrolysis oil C containing a large amount of biomass components using the pyrolysis gas treatment device 5, and can circulate the pyrolysis oil C and pyrolysis gas D produced by the pyrolysis reaction as energy sources for the combustion furnace 11, thereby stabilizing the energy source and enabling efficient and complete pyrolysis of waste tires. Furthermore, by using the residual heat from pyrolysis as an energy source for drying in the drying furnace 45, the moisture in the recovered carbon black B can be removed, resulting in effective energy savings. Therefore, it is clear that this invention has great industrial value. [Explanation of symbols]

[0025] 1 Pyrolysis equipment 11 Combustion furnace 12 Pyrolysis furnace 121 Screw Conveyor 2. Reformer 3. Coarse carbon black processing equipment 31 Rotary Screen Device 311 Bucket Elevator 312 Sieve 313 Opening 32 Magnetic separator 321 Rotor 322 Exit Nozzle 323 Exit Nozzle 324 Bucket Elevator 33 Bar Magnet 34 Coarse carbon black temporary storage tank 4. Carbon black product production equipment 41 Crushing equipment 42 Crushing dust collector 421 Dust filter bag 43 Collection buffer tank 431 Pneumatic valve 44 Granulator 45 Drying oven 451 Bucket Elevator 46 Carbon black product storage tank 5. Pyrolysis gas treatment equipment 51 Spray cooling device 52 Capacitor 53 Sedimentation tank 54 Filtration equipment A. Waste tire chips B. Recycled carbon black C Pyrolysis oil D. Pyrolysis gas

Claims

1. A system for producing pyrolysis oil containing a large amount of recovered carbon black and biomass components from waste tires, comprising a pyrolysis device, a reforming device, a coarse carbon black treatment device, a carbon black product production device, and a pyrolysis gas treatment device, wherein the pyrolysis device is equipped with a combustion furnace and a pyrolysis furnace, the combustion furnace generates high-temperature gas by combustion, and the high-temperature gas is sent to the pyrolysis furnace as an energy source, and waste tire chips fed into the pyrolysis furnace are subjected to a pyrolysis reaction to generate carbon black, pyrolysis oil, and pyrolysis gas containing a large amount of organic matter, The reformer is a reforming furnace, which is connected in series with the pyrolysis furnace and operates to adjust the physicochemical properties of the surface of carbon black particles containing a large amount of organic matter using the high-temperature gas sent from the combustion furnace as an energy source, thereby producing coarse carbon black; The coarse carbon black treatment device comprises a rotary screen device, a magnetic separator, a bar magnet, and a coarse carbon black temporary storage tank, and magnetically attracts steel wires or metal impurities contained in the coarse carbon black fed thereto and sends them to the coarse carbon black temporary storage tank; The carbon black product production apparatus includes a pulverizer, a pulverizer / dust collector, a collection buffer tank, a granulator, and a drying oven. The pulverizer pulverizes the coarse carbon black particles delivered from the coarse carbon black temporary storage tank, breaking up the agglomerations inherent to the carbon black to produce a fine powder. A dust filter bag is provided inside the pulverizer / dust collector, so that the powdered carbon black delivered in a gaseous state is collected and sent to the collection buffer tank. The powdered carbon black is then stably fed into the granulator via a pneumatic valve and a transport pipe. Water is added to the powdered carbon black to granulate it, and the powdered carbon black is then heated and dried in the drying oven to produce a carbon black product that meets the desired temperature and moisture content standards. The pyrolysis gas treatment device is connected to the pyrolysis furnace, and is equipped with a spray cooling device, a condenser, a settling tank, and a filtration device. The pyrolysis gas generated by the pyrolysis reaction in the pyrolysis furnace is first condensed by the spray cooling device and the condenser, and the condensed portion is extracted as initial pyrolysis oil, which is then precipitated in the settling tank and filtered by the filtration device, thereby producing pyrolysis oil containing a large amount of biomass components.

2. The system for producing pyrolysis oil containing large amounts of recovered carbon black and biomass components from waste tires according to claim 1, wherein the combustion furnace uses pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas as fuel, and generates high-temperature gas at 700°C to 900°C through combustion, which is used as an energy source for the pyrolysis reaction in the pyrolysis furnace.

3. 2. The system for producing pyrolysis oil containing large amounts of recovered carbon black and biomass components from waste tires according to claim 1, wherein a sieve is provided inside the rotary screen device, and the sieve is driven to operate and advance and spread the input coarse carbon black in a forward direction, so that coarse carbon black particles smaller than the mesh size of the sieve pass through the sieve and fall into the magnetic separator, and coarse carbon black particles larger than the mesh size of the sieve are discharged from an opening at the end according to the operation of the sieve and are re-introduced into the pyrolysis furnace to be pyrolyzed again.

4. 2. The system for producing recovered carbon black from waste tires and pyrolysis oil containing large amounts of biomass components as set forth in claim 1, wherein a rotor is installed in the center of the magnetic separator, rotates in a certain direction, and a magnet is installed inside the rotor so that the coarse carbon black particles that fall are transported in the direction of rotation of the rotor, and the steel wires and other metal impurities contained in the coarse carbon black particles are magnetically attracted and continue to rotate in the direction of rotation of the rotor, and when the rotor reaches an angle at which it is not magnetic, the multiple metal impurities such as steel wires and non-metallic materials such as coarse carbon black fall from different outlet nozzles, respectively.

5. 2. The system for producing pyrolysis oil containing large amounts of recovered carbon black and biomass components from waste tires according to claim 1, wherein the drying furnace introduces excess hot air remaining after pyrolysis in the pyrolysis furnace to dry the input carbon black and remove excess moisture from the carbon black, thereby producing a recovered carbon black product that meets desired temperature and moisture content standards.

6. The system for producing pyrolysis oil containing large amounts of recovered carbon black and biomass components from waste tires according to claim 1, wherein the pyrolysis gas that has not been condensed in the spray cooling device and the condenser is sent to the combustion furnace and used as fuel.

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