CONTROLLER, CONTROL PROGRAM, CONTROL METHOD, AND POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM

Abstract

To stabilize a power generator which is apt to vary, such as photovoltaic generation or wind power generation, and to concurrently satisfy both suppression of the output of a large-capacity type storage battery and suppression of the battery capacity of a high-output type storage battery.SOLUTION: A controller is the controller which controls charge and discharge of a first storage battery and a second storage battery to suppress a change speed of exchange power between a power generator, the first storage battery and the second storage battery connected with the power generator and a power network. The first storage battery has a battery capacity larger than that of the second storage battery. The charge and discharge control includes charging and discharging of the first storage battery and the second storage battery so that the maximum charge and discharge power of the first storage battery becomes smaller than that of the second storage battery.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a controller, a control program, a control method, and a power supply system. [Background technology]

[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses a method for smoothing the power of a natural energy power generation device using two types of storage batteries. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2011-234563 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] It is possible to use a large-capacity storage battery and a high-output storage battery in combination. By using a large-capacity storage battery, the battery capacity of the high-output storage battery can be reduced. On the other hand, it is difficult for a large-capacity storage battery to obtain a large charge / discharge power (output) like a high-output storage battery. It is also necessary to reduce the output of the large-capacity storage battery.

[0005] The present invention aims to stabilize fluctuating power generation devices such as solar power generation and wind power generation, and also aims to simultaneously suppress the output of large-capacity storage batteries and the battery capacity of high-output storage batteries. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] A controller according to one aspect controls the charging and discharging of a first storage battery and a second storage battery based on the power generated by the power generation device, so as to suppress the rate of change in power exchanged between the power generation device, a first storage battery and a second storage battery connected to the power generation device, and a power grid, wherein the first storage battery has a battery capacity larger than the battery capacity of the second storage battery, and the charging and discharging control includes charging and discharging the first storage battery and the second storage battery so that the maximum charging and discharging power of the first storage battery is smaller than the maximum charging and discharging power of the second storage battery.

[0007] A control program according to one aspect is a control program that executes a process to control the charging and discharging of a first storage battery and a second storage battery so as to suppress the rate of change in power exchanged between the power generation device, a first storage battery and a second storage battery connected to the power generation device, and a power grid based on the power generated by the power generation device, wherein the second storage battery has a battery capacity smaller than the battery capacity of the first storage battery, and the charging and discharging control includes charging and discharging the first storage battery and the second storage battery so that the maximum charging and discharging power of the first storage battery is smaller than the maximum charging and discharging power of the second storage battery.

[0008] A control method according to one aspect is a control method for controlling the charging and discharging of a first storage battery and a second storage battery so as to suppress the rate of change of power exchanged between the power generation device, a first storage battery and a second storage battery connected to the power generation device, and a power grid based on the power generated by the power generation device, wherein the second storage battery has a battery capacity smaller than the battery capacity of the first storage battery, and the charging and discharging control includes charging and discharging the first storage battery and the second storage battery so that the maximum charging and discharging power of the first storage battery is smaller than the maximum charging and discharging power of the second storage battery.

[0009] A power supply system according to one aspect includes a power generation device, a first storage battery connected to the power generation device, a second storage battery connected to the power generation device, and a controller that controls charging and discharging of the first storage battery and the second storage battery based on the power generated by the power generation device so as to suppress the rate of change of power exchanged between the power generation device, the first storage battery, and the second storage battery, and a power grid, wherein the second storage battery has a battery capacity smaller than that of the first storage battery, and the charging and discharging control includes charging and discharging the first storage battery and the second storage battery so that the maximum charging and discharging power of the first storage battery is smaller than the maximum charging and discharging power of the second storage battery. Effect of the Invention

[0010] According to the present invention, it is possible to stabilize a power generation device that is prone to fluctuations, such as a solar power generation device or a wind power generation device. In addition, it is possible to simultaneously suppress the output of a large-capacity storage battery and the battery capacity of a high-output storage battery. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0011] [Figure 1] 1 is a diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a power supply system 100 in which a controller 4 according to a first embodiment is used. [Diagram 2] 11 is a diagram showing an example of power PG of a power generation device G. FIG. [Diagram 3] 11 is a diagram showing an example of a target value of power P1 of a storage battery 11. FIG. [Figure 4] 11 is a diagram showing an example of the total power of the power PG of the power generation device G and the target value of the power P1 of the storage battery 11. FIG. [Diagram 5] 13 is a diagram showing an example of a target value of power P2 of the storage battery 21. FIG. [Figure 6] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of power P3 at coordination point 3. [Figure 7] 1 is a diagram showing an example of power P1 of a storage battery 11 and an example of a charge / discharge power amount. [Figure 8] 11 is a diagram showing an example of power P2 of the storage battery 21 and an example of the amount of charged and discharged power. FIG. [Figure 9] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a comparative example. [Figure 10]FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of power P3E in a comparative example. [Figure 11] 11 is a diagram showing an example of electric power P2E and the charge / discharge electric energy of a storage battery 21E of the comparative example. FIG. [Figure 12] 11 is a diagram showing an example of a target value of power P1 of a storage battery 11. FIG. [Figure 13] 11 is a diagram showing an example of the total power of the power PG of the power generation device G and the target value of the power P1 of the storage battery 11. FIG. [Figure 14] 13 is a diagram showing an example of a target value of power P2 of the storage battery 21. FIG. [Figure 15] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of power P3 at coordination point 3. [Figure 16] 1 is a diagram showing an example of power P1 of a storage battery 11 and an example of a charge / discharge power amount. [Figure 17] 11 is a diagram showing an example of power P2 of the storage battery 21 and an example of the amount of charged and discharged power. FIG. [Figure 18] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of calculation of a target value of power P1 based on averaged power PG. [Figure 19] 11 is a diagram showing an example of the total power of the power PG of the power generation device G and the target value of the power P1 of the storage battery 11. FIG. [Figure 20] 13 is a diagram showing an example of a target value of power P2 of the storage battery 21. FIG. [Figure 21] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of power P3 at coordination point 3. [Figure 22] 1 is a diagram showing an example of power P1 of a storage battery 11 and an example of a charge / discharge power amount. [Figure 23] 11 is a diagram showing an example of power P2 of the storage battery 21 and an example of the amount of charged and discharged power. FIG. [Figure 24] 11 is a diagram showing an example of a shift in power P1 of the storage battery 11. FIG. [Diagram 25] 11 is a diagram showing an example of a shift in power P1 of the storage battery 11. FIG. [Figure 26] 11 is a diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a power supply system 100A in which a controller 4A according to a second embodiment is used. FIG. [Figure 27] 11 is a diagram showing an example of a plan for a target value of power P1 of a storage battery 11. FIG. [Figure 28] FIG. 13 illustrates an example of a load. [Figure 29] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a controller 4B according to a modified example. [Diagram 30] FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a hardware configuration of a controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0012] Hereinafter, an embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. The same elements, functions, processes, etc. will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and duplicated descriptions will be omitted as appropriate.

[0013] First Embodiment 1 is a diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a power supply system 100 in which a controller 4 according to the first embodiment is used. The power supply system 100 includes a power generation device G, a storage battery system 1, a storage battery system 2, a coordination point 3, a controller 4, and a power line W.

[0014] First, the power line W and the connection point 3 will be described. The power line W connects the power generation device G, the storage battery system 1, and the storage battery system 2 to the connection point 3. Unless otherwise specified, the power line W is assumed to be an AC power line. AC power refers to active power.

[0015] The connection point 3 is a connection point between the power line W and the power grid 9. Electric power is exchanged between the power generation device G, the storage battery system 1, the storage battery system 2, and the power grid 9 via the connection point 3. The exchanged electric power is referred to as electric power P3 and illustrated. In the electric power P3, the electric power going toward the power grid 9 is positive. An example of the power grid 9 is a commercial power grid (commercial system), and in that case, the power supply system 100 may operate in cooperation with the power grid 9.

[0016] Power generation by the power generation device G includes power generation using natural energy. Examples of natural energy are wind energy, solar energy, etc., and in that case, the power generation device G is configured to include a wind power generation device, a solar power generation device, etc. The power generated by the power generation device G, more specifically, the power flowing from the power generation device G to the power line W is referred to as power PG and illustrated.

[0017] Fig. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the electric power PG of the power generation device G. The horizontal axis of the graph indicates time t, and the vertical axis of the graph indicates electric power (kW). The graph shows an example of the change in the electric power PG over time in a certain time period. As shown in Fig. 2, the generated electric power PG changes every moment.

[0018] The rate of change is used as an index to express the change in power over time. The rate of change indicates the rate of change in power value per unit period, and is expressed as the ratio (%) of the change in power value to the rated power (rated output) of the power generating device G, for example. The unit period for the short-cycle stability target is generally 1 minute, and the rate of change is % / min.

[0019] When only the power PG of the power generation device G is supplied to the power line W, the large rate of change of the power PG appears as the rate of change of the power P3 at the connection point 3. From the viewpoint of the stability of the power grid 9, it is necessary to suppress the rate of change of the power P3 at the connection point 3. Suppressing this rate of change, in other words, stabilizing the power generation device, is one of the purposes of the storage battery system 1 and the storage battery system 2.

[0020] The storage battery system 1 includes a storage battery 11, a PCS 12, a terminal 13, and a battery controller 14. The storage battery 11 charges and discharges between the storage battery 11 and a power line W via the PCS 12. The PCS 12 is a bidirectional power conversion device that converts power from the storage battery 11 into AC power and supplies it to the power line W, and converts AC power from the power line W into DC power and supplies it to the storage battery 11. The PCS 12 is also called a power conditioning system, power converter, etc. The charging and discharging power of the storage battery 11 via the PCS 12 is called power P1 and illustrated. In the power P1, the discharged power is assumed to be positive.

[0021] The terminal 13 is an output terminal of the storage battery system 1, and provides a connection between the PCS 12 and the power line W. The battery controller 14 controls the charging and discharging of the storage battery 11 by controlling the PCS 12. For example, the battery controller 14 provides an output command value to the PCS 12. The output command value specifies, for example, the magnitude and direction (charging or discharging) of the power P1. In addition, the battery controller 14 monitors the power P1 at the terminal 13, and monitors the SOC (State Of Charge) and remaining capacity of the storage battery 11. The battery controller 14 is configured to be able to communicate with the controller 4. An example of the unit of the SOC is %, and an example of the unit of the remaining capacity is Ah, Wh, etc. Hereinafter, within a range without contradiction, the SOC and remaining capacity may be interpreted as appropriate interchangeably, and one of the SOC and remaining capacity may be interpreted as including the other.

[0022] The storage battery system 2 includes a storage battery 21, a PCS 22, a terminal 23, and a battery controller 24. These elements are similar to the corresponding parts of the storage battery system 1, and detailed description will be omitted. The charging and discharging power of the storage battery 21 is referred to as power P2 and illustrated. It is assumed that the discharging power of the power P2 is also positive.

[0023] The storage battery 11 and the storage battery 21 are a first storage battery and a second storage battery having different characteristics. The storage battery 11 is a large-capacity storage battery, and the storage battery 21 is a high-output storage battery. The large-capacity storage battery is characterized in that it is easy to obtain a large amount of charge / discharge power (battery capacity) but it is difficult to obtain a large amount of charge / discharge power (output) compared to a high-output storage battery. The high-output storage battery is characterized in that it is easy to obtain a large amount of charge / discharge power but it is difficult to obtain a large amount of charge / discharge power compared to a large-capacity storage battery. Since it is publicly known that there are storage batteries with these different characteristics, further detailed explanation will be omitted.

[0024] In this embodiment, the storage battery 11 has a battery capacity larger than that of the storage battery 21. The controller 4 controls the charging and discharging of the storage battery 11 and the storage battery 21 so that the maximum charging and discharging power (maximum output) of the storage battery 11 is smaller than the maximum charging and discharging power of the storage battery 21. Note that the maximum charging and discharging power of the storage battery 11 here indicates the maximum absolute value of power P1. The maximum charging and discharging power of the storage battery 21 indicates the maximum absolute value of power P2.

[0025] The controller 4 controls the storage battery system 1 and the storage battery system 2. The controller 4 includes an acquisition unit 41, a calculation unit 42, a charge / discharge control unit 43, and a storage unit 44.

[0026] The acquisition unit 41 acquires information necessary for controlling the storage battery system 1 and the storage battery system 2. For example, the acquisition unit 41 acquires power information. An example of the power information is a power value, etc., which is measured, monitored, etc. by a power measuring device (not shown). Examples of power are the power PG of the power generation device G, the power P1 of the storage battery 11, the power P2 of the storage battery 21, and the power P3 of the coordination point 3. For example, the information on the power PG is transmitted from the power generation device G to the controller 4 and acquired by the acquisition unit 41. The information on the power P1 and the power P2 is transmitted from the battery controller 14 and the battery controller 24 to the controller 4 and acquired by the acquisition unit 41. The information on the power P3 is transmitted from the coordination point 3 to the controller 4 and acquired by the acquisition unit 41. The acquisition unit 41 also acquires storage battery information. Examples of the storage battery information are the SOC of the storage battery 11 and the SOC of the storage battery 21. For example, the SOC of the storage battery 11 and the SOC of the storage battery 21 are transmitted from the battery controller 14 and the battery controller 24 to the controller 4 and are acquired by the acquisition unit 41.

[0027] The calculation unit 42 calculates a target value of the power P1 of the storage battery 11 and a target value of the power P2 of the storage battery 21 based on the information acquired by the acquisition unit 41. Details will be described later.

[0028] The charge / discharge control unit 43 controls the charge / discharge of the storage battery 11 and the storage battery 21 based on the target value of the power P1 and the target value of the power P2 calculated by the calculation unit 42. For example, the charge / discharge control unit 43 transmits an output command value of the PCS 12 corresponding to the target value of the power P1 to the battery controller 14. The battery controller 14 provides the received output command value to the PCS 12. The PCS 12 charges and discharges the storage battery 11 according to the provided output command value. The power P1 of the storage battery 11 approaches the target value. In addition, the charge / discharge control unit 43 transmits an output command value of the PCS 22 corresponding to the target value of the power P2 to the battery controller 24. The battery controller 24 provides the received output command value to the PCS 22. The PCS 22 charges and discharges the storage battery 21 according to the provided output command value. The power P2 of the storage battery 21 approaches the target value.

[0029] The charge / discharge control by the charge / discharge control unit 43 is performed at intervals equal to or shorter than the unit period (such as one minute) of the rate of change described above. Examples of the intervals of the charge / discharge control are several seconds, tens of seconds, several tens of seconds, one minute, etc. The intervals of calculation by the calculation unit 42 may also be the same as the intervals of the charge / discharge control.

[0030] The storage unit 44 stores various information necessary for control in the controller 4. An example of the information stored in the storage unit 44 is a control program 441. The control program 441 is a program that causes a computer to execute control (processing) executed in the controller 4. In addition, the storage unit 44 stores power information, storage battery information, etc. acquired by the acquisition unit 41, and stores information necessary for calculation in the calculation unit 42.

[0031] The calculation unit 42 will be described in detail. The calculation unit 42 includes a first calculation unit 421 and a second calculation unit 422. The first calculation unit 421 calculates a target value of power P1. The second calculation unit 422 calculates a target value of power P2. The first calculation unit 421 and the second calculation unit 422 calculate the target value of power P1 and the target value of power P2 so as to suppress the rate of change of the power P3 of the coordination point 3. In the following, it is assumed that the rate of change is suppressed to 1% / min or less.

[0032] The first calculation unit 421 calculates a target value for the power P1 so as to suppress the rate of change of the power P3 of the coordination point 3 within a range in which the magnitude of the power P1 does not exceed the set value. The set value is set to a value smaller than the maximum charge / discharge power of the storage battery 21. When the magnitude of the target value of the power P1 exceeds the set value in the calculation, the first calculation unit 421 calculates a power of the same magnitude as the set value as the target value of the power P1. As a result, the target value of the power P1 is limited (fixed) to the set value. In the following, an example in which the set value is 400 kW will be described.

[0033] 3 is a diagram showing an example of a target value of power P1 of the storage battery 11. The target value of power P1 is calculated so as to suppress the rate of change of power P3 within a range in which the magnitude of power P1 does not exceed 400 kW, i.e., within a range of power P1 of ±400 kW. If the calculated power P1 exceeds +400 kW, +400 kW is calculated as the target value of power P1. If the calculated power P1 falls below -400 kW, -400 kW is calculated as the target value of power P1.

[0034] 1, the second calculation unit 422 calculates the total power of the power PG and the target value of the power P1 calculated by the first calculation unit 421. This total power is the power P3 after the rate of change is suppressed by the power P1, and corresponds to the power P3 when it is assumed that the power P2 of the storage battery 21 does not exist.

[0035] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the total power (target value of PG+P1) of the power PG of the power generation device G and the target value of the power P1 of the storage battery 11. Compared to the original power PG (FIG. 2), the rate of change is significantly suppressed. However, during the period in which the target value of the power P1 is limited to the set value, the rate of change is not sufficiently suppressed. In other words, the rate of change is not suppressed to 1% / min or less.

[0036] Returning to FIG. 1, the second calculation unit 422 calculates the target value of power P2 so as to further suppress the rate of change of the total power of power PG and the target value of power P1, i.e., the rate of change of power P3 after it has been suppressed by power P1.

[0037] Fig. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a target value of the power P2 of the storage battery 21. The target value of the power P2 of the storage battery 21 is calculated so as to further suppress the rate of change in the period in which the rate of change was not sufficiently suppressed in Fig. 4 described above.

[0038] Returning to FIG. 1, the charge / discharge control unit 43 controls the charge / discharge of the storage battery 11 and the storage battery 21 based on the target value of power P1 and the target value of power P2 calculated by the calculation unit 42. That is, the charge / discharge control unit 43 charges and discharges the storage battery 11 and the storage battery 21 so that the maximum charge / discharge power of the storage battery 11 is smaller than the maximum charge / discharge power of the storage battery 21. More specifically, the charge / discharge control unit 43 charges and discharges the storage battery 11 so as to suppress the rate of change of the power P3 within a range in which the magnitude of the power P1 does not exceed a set value (a value smaller than the maximum charge / discharge power of the storage battery 21). Then, the charge / discharge control unit 43 charges and discharges the storage battery 21 so as to further suppress the rate of change of the power P3 after it has been suppressed by the storage battery 11.

[0039] 6 is a diagram showing an example of power P3 at the coordination point 3. The change rates of power P3 at any time t are all suppressed by power P1 and power P2. In other words, the change rates are suppressed to 1% / min or less.

[0040] The maximum charge / discharge power and the battery capacity of each of the storage batteries 11 and 21 that are subjected to the charge / discharge control as described above will be described with reference to FIGS.

[0041] 7 is a diagram showing an example of the power P1 and the charge / discharge power amount of the storage battery 11. The maximum charge / discharge power of the storage battery 11 is 400 kW because the power P1 is limited within a range of ±400 kW. The battery capacity required by the storage battery 11 is about 1500 kWh because the charge / discharge power amount varies between about +70 kWh and about -1430 kWh.

[0042] 8 is a diagram showing an example of the power P2 and the charge / discharge power amount of the storage battery 21. The maximum charge / discharge power of the storage battery 21 is about 930 kW because the power P2 varies between about +480 kW and about -930 kW. The battery capacity required by the storage battery 21 is about 270 kWh because the charge / discharge power amount varies between about +0 kWh and about -270 kWh.

[0043] The maximum charge / discharge power of 400 kW of the storage battery 11 is smaller than the maximum charge / discharge power of approximately 930 kW of the storage battery 21. Furthermore, the battery capacity of approximately 270 kWh required by the storage battery 21 is smaller than the battery capacity of approximately 1500 kWh required by the storage battery 11. Therefore, the battery capacity (amount of charge / discharge power) of the storage battery 21 can be suppressed while suppressing the output (maximum charge / discharge power) of the storage battery 11. This effect will be further described using a comparative example.

[0044] Fig. 9 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a comparative example. A power supply system 100E according to the comparative example differs from the power supply system 100 (Fig. 1) described above in particular in that it does not include a storage battery system 1. An "E" is added to the reference numerals of some elements in the power supply system 100E. In the power supply system 100E, the rate of change of the power P3E at the coordination point 3E is suppressed only by the power P2E of the storage battery 21E of the storage battery system 2E.

[0045] 10 is a diagram showing an example of power P3E in a comparative example. The charging and discharging of the storage battery 21E is controlled by power P2E that suppresses the rate of change of the power P3E.

[0046] Fig. 11 is a diagram showing an example of the power P2E and the charge / discharge power amount of the storage battery 21E of the comparative example. The maximum charge / discharge power of the storage battery 21E is about 1270kW because the power P2E varies between about +820kW and about -1270kW. The battery capacity required by the storage battery 21E is about 600kWh because the charge / discharge power amount varies between about +0kWh and about -600kWh. The battery capacity of about 600kWh required by the storage battery 21E of the comparative example is significantly larger than the battery capacity of about 270kWh required by the storage battery 21 described above with reference to Fig. 8.

[0047] 10 and 11, the cause of the increase in the charge / discharge power amount (required battery capacity) of the storage battery 21E will be considered. For example, from time t1 to time t2, the time change of the power PG becomes considerably large, and a gradient state in which the difference between the power PG and the power P3E of the link point 3E becomes large continues. The continuation of the gradient state here means that the gradient difference (positive difference or negative difference) with the same sign continues. As a result of such a difference continuing, the state in which the power P2E is in the same direction (charging direction in this example) continues, and the battery capacity required by the storage battery 21E becomes large. In the power supply system 100 according to the embodiment, the storage battery 11 bears the capacity for suppressing the gradient. The battery capacity required by the storage battery 21 is suppressed accordingly. Therefore, as described above, it is possible to suppress not only the output of the storage battery 11 but also the battery capacity of the storage battery 21.

[0048] <Temporary stop of storage battery 11> 10 and 11, even if the charging / discharging of the storage battery 11 is stopped when the gradient state does not continue for a long time, the effect of suppressing the battery capacity of the storage battery 21 can be obtained. Such a charging / discharging control may be performed by the charging / discharging control unit 43.

[0049] For example, when the first calculation unit 421 of the calculation unit 42 determines that a state in which the gradient state does not continue for a long time (non-gradient state) has continued for a certain period of time, it calculates the target value of the power P1 of the storage battery 11 as zero. A threshold judgment may be used to determine whether the non-gradient state continues. For example, when a state in which the rate of change of the power PG of the power generation device G is less than a threshold continues for a certain period of time, the first calculation unit 421 determines that the non-gradient state continues. For example, when the average gradient for 10 minutes is 10% or less, the charging and discharging of the storage battery 11 may be temporarily halted. The magnitude of the threshold and the length of the certain period may be set arbitrarily.

[0050] As described above, as a result of the first calculation unit 421 calculating the target value of the power P1 as zero, the charge / discharge control unit 43 controls the charge / discharge of the storage battery 11 so that the power P1 becomes zero. During this time, the charge / discharge of the storage battery 11 is temporarily stopped. That is, the charge / discharge control unit 43 temporarily stops the charge / discharge of the storage battery 11 in response to the fact that the rate of change of the power P3 has remained below the threshold for a certain period of time.

[0051] After the vehicle starts to stop, when a certain period of time (the length may be set arbitrarily) has elapsed or when the gradient state starts to continue again, the first calculation unit 421 calculates the target value of the power P1 so as to suppress the rate of change of the power P3, as before. The charge / discharge control unit 43 charges and discharges the storage battery 11. A specific example will be described with reference to Figs. 12 to 17.

[0052] FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of a target value of power P1 of the storage battery 11. Time t3 is a time later than time t2 in FIG. 10 described above. The non-gradient state continues for a certain period of time, and time t3 is reached. At time t3, the target value of power P1 is calculated as zero. This calculation is repeated until time t4. At time t4, the target value of power P1 is calculated again within the range of ±400 kW.

[0053] 13 is a diagram showing an example of the total power (target value of PG+P1) of the power PG of the power generation device G and the target value of the power P1 of the storage battery 11. In a period in which the target value of the power P1 is limited to a set value or calculated as zero, the rate of change is not sufficiently suppressed.

[0054] The second calculation unit 422 is the same as above. The second calculation unit 422 calculates a target value for the power P2 so as to further suppress the rate of change of the power P3 after it has been suppressed by the power P1.

[0055] Fig. 14 is a diagram showing an example of a target value of the power P2 of the storage battery 21. The target value of the power P2 of the storage battery 21 is calculated so as to further suppress the rate of change in the period in which the rate of change was not sufficiently suppressed in Fig. 13 described above.

[0056] 15 is a diagram showing an example of power P3 at the coordination point 3. The rate of change of power P3 at any time t is suppressed by power P1 and power P2.

[0057] 16 is a diagram showing an example of the power P1 and the charge / discharge power amount of the storage battery 11. The maximum charge / discharge power of the storage battery 11 is 400 kW because the power P1 is limited within a range of ±400 kW. The battery capacity required by the storage battery 11 is about 530 kWh because the charge / discharge power amount varies between about +110 kWh and about -420 kWh.

[0058] 17 is a diagram showing an example of the power P2 and the charge / discharge power amount of the storage battery 21. The maximum charge / discharge power of the storage battery 21 is 930 kW because the power P2 varies between about +480 kW and about -930 kW. The battery capacity required by the storage battery 21 is about 330 kWh because the charge / discharge power amount varies between about +0 kWh and about -330 kWh.

[0059] The battery capacity of approximately 330 kWh required by the storage battery 21 is smaller than the battery capacity of approximately 530 kWh required by the storage battery 11. In this way, even if the charging and discharging of the storage battery 11 is temporarily suspended in a non-gradient state, the battery capacity of the storage battery 21 can still be suppressed.

[0060] <Battery 11 as a long-period battery cancels the gradient> Returning to Fig. 1 again, the charging and discharging of storage battery 11, which is a large-capacity storage battery, may be used for smoothing over a relatively long period (long cycle), and the charging and discharging of storage battery 21, which is a high-output storage battery, may be used for smoothing over a relatively short period (short cycle). In this case, it can be said that storage battery 11 is a long-cycle storage battery, and storage battery 21 is a short-cycle storage battery. It can be said that storage battery system 1 is a long-cycle storage battery system, and storage battery system 2 is a short-cycle storage battery system.

[0061] For example, the first calculation unit 421 calculates the target value of the power P1 based on the power PG of the power generation device G for each predetermined period. The predetermined period is a period longer than the unit period (such as one minute) of the rate of change described above, and is, for example, a period of several minutes, several tens of minutes, several hours, etc.

[0062] In one embodiment, the first calculation unit 421 may calculate the target value of the power P1 based on the averaged power PG of the power generation device G. The period for obtaining one average value corresponds to the predetermined period. The averaging method is not particularly limited, and for example, exponential averaging, interval averaging, moving averaging, etc. may be used. The exponential averaging requires less memory capacity than other averaging methods and is characterized by being easy to follow sudden changes. The interval averaging is characterized by being easy to show the trend when the same change continues for a long time, and by having a small data processing load after averaging. The moving average is typically used when the same change continues for a long time. The first calculation unit 421 calculates the averaged power PG.

[0063] 18 is a diagram showing an example of calculation of the target value of power P1 based on the averaged power PG. The first calculation unit 421 calculates the target value of power P1 calculated to suppress the fluctuation of the averaged power PG as power P1c. Power P1c can also be said to be a candidate value for the target value of power P1. In the following, an example will be described in which the set value is 400 kW.

[0064] The power P1c varies over a wide range from about 1140 kW to about -510 kW. As described above, for example, when the set value is 400 kW, the first calculation unit 421 calculates the target value of the power P1 within a range of ±400 kW (within the set value range). When the magnitude of the power P1c exceeds 400 kW, the target value of the power P1 may be fixed to the set value. When the non-gradient state continues for a certain period of time, the target value of the power P1 may be calculated as zero. Calculation methods other than these are also possible. In the embodiment exemplified here, when the magnitude of the power P1c exceeds 400 kW, the first calculation unit 421 shifts the magnitude of the target value of the power P1. A specific description will be given below.

[0065] In one embodiment, the first calculation unit 421 shifts the magnitude of the target value of the power P1 so that the magnitude of the target value of the power P1 does not exceed a set value while continuing the time change of the target value of the power P1 similar to the time change of the power P1c. In this example, the time change corresponds to the time change of the averaged power PG. For example, the first calculation unit 421 shifts the magnitude of the power by providing an offset equivalent to the shift amount at the timing when the magnitude of the power exceeds 400 kW. If the magnitude of the power after the shift exceeds 400 kW again, the first calculation unit 421 provides a further offset at that timing. For example, the value of the power obtained in this manner is calculated as the target value of the power P1 of the storage battery 11.

[0066] In the example shown in Fig. 18, the magnitude of the target value of power P1 shifts to zero at each of times t11 to t15. Specifically, at times t14 and t15, the target value of power P1 shifts from near +400 kW to zero. For example, an offset of -400 kW is provided at each of those times. From time t11 to time t13, the target value of power P1 shifts from near -400 kW to zero. For example, an offset of +400 kW is provided at each of those times.

[0067] 19 is a diagram showing an example of the total power (target value of PG+P1) of the power PG of the power generation device G and the target value of the power P1 of the storage battery 11. Large fluctuations for each predetermined period are smoothed out, but the rate of change for a unit period shorter than the predetermined period is not yet suppressed.

[0068] 20 is a diagram showing an example of a target value of the power P2 of the storage battery 21. The target value of the power P2 of the storage battery 21 is calculated so as to suppress the rate of change of the power P3.

[0069] The charge / discharge control unit 43 may control the charge / discharge of the storage battery 11 and the storage battery 21 based on the target value of power P1 and the target value of power P2 calculated as described above. For example, the charge / discharge control unit 43 controls the charge / discharge of the storage battery 11 based on the power PG for each predetermined period that is longer than the unit period of the rate of change of the power P3. The charge / discharge control unit 43 then controls the charge / discharge of the storage battery 21 based on the power PG for each unit period. In this case, the charge / discharge control unit 43 shifts the magnitude of the power P1 so that the magnitude does not exceed a set value while continuing the time change of the power P1 of the storage battery 11.

[0070] 21 is a diagram showing an example of power P3 at the coordination point 3. The rate of change of power P3 at any time t is suppressed by power P1 and power P2.

[0071] 22 is a diagram showing an example of the power P1 and the charge / discharge power amount of the storage battery 11. The maximum charge / discharge power of the storage battery 11 is 400 kW because the power P1 is limited within a range of ±400 kW. The battery capacity required by the storage battery 11 is about 800 kWh because the charge / discharge power amount varies between about +280 kWh and about -520 kWh.

[0072] 23 is a diagram showing an example of the power P2 and the charge / discharge power amount of the storage battery 21. The maximum charge / discharge power of the storage battery 21 is about 1120 kW because the power P2 varies between about +960 kW and about -1120 kW. The battery capacity required by the storage battery 21 is about 380 kWh because the charge / discharge power amount varies between about +0 kWh and about -380 kWh.

[0073] Therefore, even if the storage battery 11 is used as a long-cycle storage battery or the magnitude of the power P1 is shifted within the range of the limit value, it is possible to suppress the output of the storage battery 11 while suppressing the battery capacity of the storage battery 21. Note that the reason why the battery capacity of the storage battery 21 is suppressed even by shifting the power P1 is that the storage battery 11 is controlled to charge and discharge so as to continue the time change according to the time change of the power PG of the power generation device G, and thus bears the capacity for suppressing the gradient.

[0074] In the above, an example has been described in which the magnitude of the power P1 of the storage battery 11 is shifted to zero. In addition to this, various other shifts are possible. For example, the magnitude of the power P1 may be shifted to a magnitude at which the charging and discharging of the storage battery 11 are reversed. This point will also be described with reference to Figs. 24 and 25.

[0075] 24 and 25 are diagrams showing an example of a shift in the power P1 of the storage battery 11. UL and lower limit power P1 LL The upper limit power P1 UL specifies the upper limit of power P1. LL defines the lower limit of power P1.

[0076] In the example shown in Fig. 24, the power P1 of the storage battery 11 changes over time to form a gradient from negative to positive. UL When the power P1 exceeds the power P1 U This makes it possible to suppress the amount of charge / discharge power required to shift the storage battery 21 from negative to positive.

[0077] In the example shown in Fig. 25, the power P1 changes over time to create a gradient from positive to negative. LL When the power P1 falls below the power P1 L This makes it possible to suppress the charge / discharge capacity required to shift the storage battery 21 from positive to negative.

[0078] It's the gradient that matters, not the magnitude. P1 LL and P1 UL If the value of is in the charging direction, the amount of charging power of the storage battery 11 can be increased, and P1 LL and P1 UL If the value of is in the discharging direction, it is possible to increase the amount of discharged power of the storage battery 11. This also makes it possible to control and restrict the storage capacity of the storage battery 11.

[0079] Upper limit power P1 ULand lower limit power P1 LL The magnitude (absolute value) of the shifted power P1 shown in FIG. U is the upper limit power P1 UL Any value smaller than the power P1 U may be less than or equal to zero. U When is smaller than zero, the magnitude of the power P1 shifts to a magnitude where the charging and discharging of the storage battery 11 are reversed. L is the lower limit power P1 LL Any value greater than the power P1 L may be greater than or equal to zero. L is greater than zero, the magnitude of the power P1 shifts to a magnitude where the charging and discharging of the storage battery 11 are reversed.

[0080] <Second embodiment> In the second embodiment, the charge and discharge of the storage battery 11 is controlled systematically based on prediction.

[0081] 26 is a diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a power supply system 100A in which a controller 4A according to the second embodiment is used. The controller 4A differs from the controller 4 (FIG. 1) in that it includes an acquisition unit 41A, a calculation unit 42A, and a storage unit 44A instead of the acquisition unit 41, the calculation unit 42, and the storage unit 44, and in that it further includes a planner 45.

[0082] The acquisition unit 41A acquires, in addition to the power information and storage battery information described above, information necessary for predicting the power PG of the power generation device G. An example of such information is meteorological information, such as information indicating wind power, solar radiation, temperature, etc. for each time and time period. The meteorological information is acquired, for example, via an external network (not shown).

[0083] The planner 45 plans a target value for the power P2 of the storage battery 21. For example, the planner 45 predicts the future power PG of the power generation device G based on meteorological information acquired by the above-mentioned acquisition device 41A. More specifically, the planner 45 calculates a predicted value of the power PG of the power generation device G for each future time and time period. Various known methods for predicting power generation may be used.

[0084] The planner 45 plans a target value of power P1 that suppresses fluctuations in the calculated predicted value of power PG of the power generating device G. For example, the planner 45 plans a target value of power P1 for each planned time slot based on the predicted value of power PG for each planned time slot. The planned time slot may correspond to the predetermined period in the first embodiment described above. The length of each planned time slot does not have to be the same. For example, the target value of power P1 for each planned time slot of 15 minutes, 30 minutes, etc. is planned up to 24 hours ahead, 48 hours ahead, etc.

[0085] 27 is a diagram showing an example of a plan of a target value of power P1 of the storage battery 11. Time t21 to time t22, time t22 to time t23, time t23 to time t24, time t24 to time t25, time t25 to time t26, time t26 to time t27, time t27 to time t28, and time t28 to time t29 correspond to a planned time slot. Based on the predicted value of power PG for each planned time slot, a target value of power P1 that suppresses fluctuations in power PG is planned.

[0086] In this example, the target value of power P1 is planned to change with a constant gradient over time or to have a constant magnitude for each planned time period. From time t23 to time t24 and from time t27 to time t28, the target value of power P1 is planned to change with a positive gradient. From time t21 to time t22 and from time t25 to time t26, the target value of power P1 is planned to change with a negative gradient. From time t22 to time t23, from time t24 to time t25, from time t26 to time t27, and from time t28 to time t29, the target value of power P1 is planned to have a constant magnitude.

[0087] The planner 45 shifts the magnitude of the target value of the electric power P1 while continuing the time change thereof so that the magnitude does not exceed a set value. The shifting method may be the same as that used by the first calculator 421 of the calculator 42 in the first embodiment described above. For example, from time t21 to time t22, the target value of the electric power P1 is shifted so as not to fall below -400 kW while continuing the negative slope. From time t23 to time t24, the target value of the electric power P1 is shifted so as not to exceed +400 kW while continuing the positive slope.

[0088] Of course, there may be planned time periods during which the target value of power P1 does not shift, such as from time t25 to time t26 and from time t27 to time t28. Also, from time t22 to time t23, from time t24 to time t25, from time t26 to time t27, and from time t28 to time t29, the target value of power P1 is constant, so the target value of power P1 does not shift.

[0089] 26, calculation unit 42A differs from calculation unit 42 (FIG. 1) in that it includes a first calculation unit 421A instead of the first calculation unit 421. For example, first calculation unit 421A calculates the target value of power P1 planned by planner 45 as the target value of power P1 as is. The first calculation unit 421A may not be present, in which case the planner 45 also has the function of the first calculation unit 421A.

[0090] The second calculation unit 422 calculates a target value of the power P2 that suppresses the rate of change of the power P3 of the coordination point 3. The charge / discharge control unit 43 controls the charge / discharge of the storage battery 11 and the storage battery 21 based on the calculation result of the calculation unit 42A. The details are the same as those of the first embodiment, and therefore the description will not be repeated.

[0091] The storage unit 44A stores various information necessary for control in the controller 4A. An example of the information stored in the storage unit 44A is a control program 441A. The control program 441A is a program that causes a computer to execute control (processing) executed in the controller 4A. In addition, the storage unit 44A stores power information, storage battery information, weather information, and the like acquired by the acquisition unit 41A, and stores information necessary for planning in the planning unit 45 and calculation in the calculation unit 42.

[0092] In the power supply system 100A, the power P1 of the storage battery 11 continues to change over time, but is shifted so that its magnitude does not exceed a set value. This makes it possible to simultaneously suppress the output of the storage battery 11 and the battery capacity of the storage battery 21.

[0093] In the power supply system 100A, it is only necessary to plan the target value of the power P1 to change with a certain gradient or to have a certain magnitude for each planned time period. This has the effect of, for example, avoiding complicated control. This effect can be obtained even if there is no shift in the power P1, and in this sense, a form in which the power P1 is not shifted can also be one of the forms of the power supply system 100A.

[0094] In one embodiment, control may be performed taking into account the SOC of the storage battery. For example, the planner 45 may plan a target value of the power P1 of the storage battery 11 so that the SOC of the storage battery 21 at the end of the planned time period is close to a target SOC (target value of remaining capacity). This can also be said to be a plan to supply the power of the storage battery 21 with the storage battery 11. The end of the planned time period may be several seconds, several tens of seconds, or several minutes before the end time of the planned time period. An example of the target SOC is about 50%. The possibility of maximizing the battery capacity of the storage battery 21 is increased. For example, a lithium ion battery has a characteristic that deterioration progresses if it is left near full charge, so by increasing the frequency of charging and discharging near SOC 50%, the possibility of suppressing the progress of deterioration of the storage battery is increased.

[0095] The planner 45 may re-plan the target value of the power P2 for the next planning time slot based on the actual SOC of the storage battery 21 at the end of the planning time slot. The SOC of the storage battery 21 at the end of the next planning time slot is more likely to be close to the target SOC. Re-planning the target value of the power P2 for the next planning time slot may include re-planning the target value of the power P1 for 24 hours, 48 ​​hours, etc. from that time slot.

[0096] In one embodiment, the charge and discharge of the storage battery 21 may be controlled so as to reduce the power P2 of the storage battery 21 as much as possible within an allowable range. For example, a charge and discharge control may be adopted in which the rate of change of the power P3, which is smaller than ±1% / min, is intentionally brought closer to +1% / min or -1% / min, and the power P2 of the storage battery 21 is reduced accordingly. Since the magnitude of the power P2 is reduced, the battery capacity required by the storage battery 21 can be further reduced. Furthermore, by suppressing the charge and discharge of the storage battery 21, the progress of deterioration can be suppressed.

[0097] <Modification> The disclosed technology is not limited to the above embodiment. Some modified examples will be described. In one embodiment, a load (demand) that consumes power may be included in the power supply system. This will be described with reference to FIG. 28.

[0098] Fig. 28 is a diagram showing an example of a load. A load that is connected to a power line W and consumes power from the power line W is referred to as load L and illustrated. Examples of the load L are a house, a factory, etc. The power consumed by the load L is referred to as power consumption PL and illustrated. Information on the power consumption PL is also transmitted from the load L to the controller and acquired, for example.

[0099] At least a portion of the power PG of the power generation device G is consumed by the load L. The remaining power (PG-PL) is power that can be supplied to the power grid 9 via the connection point 3. By treating this power in the same way as the power PG described above, the rate of change in the power P3 of the connection point 3 can be suppressed. To the extent that there is no contradiction, the power PG of the power generation device G may be interpreted as the power obtained by subtracting the power PL of the load L from the power PG of the power generation device G.

[0100] In the above embodiment, an example has been described in which the power supply system includes one storage battery system 1 and one storage battery system 2. However, the power supply system may include a plurality of storage battery systems 1, or may include a plurality of storage battery systems 2. The controller may individually control charging and discharging of the plurality of storage battery systems 1, and may also individually control charging and discharging of the plurality of storage battery systems 2. The individual control may include unit number control. In the unit number control, the number of storage batteries to be charged and discharged is also controlled.

[0101] In one embodiment, a trained model may be used to calculate the target values ​​of power P1 and power P2. This will be described with reference to FIG.

[0102] 29 is a diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a controller 4B according to a modified example. The controller 4B differs from the controller 4 (FIG. 1) in that it includes a calculation unit 42B and a storage unit 44B instead of the calculation unit 42 and the storage unit 44, and further includes a learning unit 46.

[0103] Examples of information stored in the storage unit 44B include a control program 441B, a trained model 442, and training data 443. The control program 441B is a program that causes a computer to execute control (processing) executed in the controller 4B. When data (input data) corresponding to information acquired by the acquisition unit 41 is input, the trained model 442 outputs data (output data) corresponding to the target values ​​of power P1 and power P2, for example. The target values ​​of power P1 and power P2 corresponding to the output data are similar to the target values ​​of power P1 and power P2 calculated by the calculation unit 42 (FIG. 1) described above.

[0104] The trained model 442 is generated by training (machine learning, etc.) using training data 443 so as to output output data when input data is input. An example of the training data 443 is a data set combining input data and output data. The data set may be prepared using data of past charge / discharge control of the storage batteries 11 and 21 performed in the power supply system, experimental data, simulation data, etc.

[0105] The calculation unit 42B calculates the target values ​​of power P1 and power P2 using the trained model 442. The calculation unit 42B acquires output data obtained by inputting input data to the trained model 442 as the target values ​​of power P1 and power P2.

[0106] The charge / discharge control unit 43 controls the charge / discharge of the storage battery 11 and the storage battery 21 based on the target values ​​of the power P1 and the power P2 calculated (acquired) by the calculation unit 42B.

[0107] The learning unit 46 learns the trained model 442 by using the training data 443 stored in the storage unit 44B. This makes it possible to generate the trained model 442 and to update the trained model 442 based on the latest training data 443. The learning unit 46 and the training data 443 may be provided outside the controller 4B (for example, an information processing device such as a server device not shown). In this case, the trained trained model 442 generated outside the controller 4B is provided to and used by the controller 4B.

[0108] Although not shown, the learned model may also be used in planning the target value of the power P1 by the planner 45 of the controller 4A (FIG. 26).

[0109] In one embodiment, the function of the battery controller 14 of the storage battery system 1 may be incorporated into the controller 4. This enables the configuration of the storage battery system 1 to be simplified, etc. The function of the battery controller 24 of the storage battery system 2 may be incorporated into the controller 4. This enables the configuration of the storage battery system 2 to be simplified, etc.

[0110] 30 is a diagram showing an example of a hardware configuration of a controller. A computer or the like equipped with the illustrated hardware configuration functions as the controller 4, controller 4A, or controller 4B described above. Here, the controller 4 will be taken as an example for explanation. The illustrated controller 4 includes, as its hardware configuration, a communication device 4a, a display device 4b, an HDD (Hard Disk Drive) 4c, a memory 4d, and a processor 4e, which are interconnected by a bus or the like.

[0111] The communication device 4a is a network interface card or the like, and enables communication with other devices. The display device 4b is, for example, a touch panel or a display. The HDD 4c functions as a storage unit 44, and stores, for example, a control program 441.

[0112] The processor 4e reads the control program 441 from the HDD 4c or the like and loads it in the memory 4d, thereby causing the computer to function as the controller 4. The functions of the controller 4 include the functions of the acquisition unit 41, the calculation unit 42, and the charge / discharge control unit 43, as described above.

[0113] The control program 441 can be distributed via a network such as the Internet. The control program 441 can be recorded on a computer-readable recording medium such as a hard disk, a flexible disk (FD), a CD-ROM, a magneto-optical disk (MO), or a digital versatile disk (DVD), and can be executed by being read out from the recording medium by a computer.

[0114] The techniques described above are specified, for example, as follows. One of the techniques disclosed is a controller. As described with reference to Figs. 1 to 8 and the like, the controller 4 controls the charging and discharging of the storage battery 11 and the storage battery 21 based on the power PG (generated power) of the power generation device G so as to suppress the rate of change (rate of change in power value per unit period) of the power P3 (transmitted and received power) at the connection point 3 between the power generation device G, the storage battery 11 (first storage battery) and the storage battery 21 (second storage battery) connected to the power generation device G, and the power grid 9. The storage battery 11 has a battery capacity larger than that of the storage battery 21. The charging and discharging control includes charging and discharging the storage battery 11 and the storage battery 21 so that the maximum charging and discharging power of the storage battery 11 is smaller than the maximum charging and discharging power of the storage battery 21.

[0115] In the above controller 4, the two types of storage batteries, the storage battery 11 and the storage battery 21, are controlled to charge and discharge so as to suppress the rate of change of the power P3 at the coordination point 3. The power generation device can be stabilized. The storage battery 11 has a larger battery capacity than the storage battery 21. The storage battery 11 is controlled to charge and discharge so that the maximum charge and discharge power of the storage battery 11 is smaller than the maximum charge and discharge power of the storage battery 21. The storage battery 11 used in this manner is a large-capacity storage battery. The storage battery 21 is a high-output storage battery. As described with reference to Figs. 7 to 11, the battery capacity (amount of charge and discharge power) of the storage battery 21 can be suppressed more than when the storage battery 11 is not used, while suppressing the output (maximum charge and discharge power) of the storage battery 11. It is possible to achieve both suppression of the output of the storage battery 11 (large-capacity storage battery) and suppression of the battery capacity of the storage battery 21 (high-output storage battery).

[0116] The charge / discharge control by the controller 4 may include charging / discharging the storage battery 11 so as to suppress the rate of change of the power P3 within a range (for example, within a range of ±400 kW) in which the magnitude of the power P1 of the storage battery 11 does not exceed a set value that is set to a value smaller than the maximum charge / discharge power of the storage battery 21, and charging / discharging the storage battery 21 so as to further suppress the rate of change of the power P3 after it has been suppressed by the charging / discharging of the storage battery 11. For example, in this manner, the rate of change of the power P3 can be suppressed while suppressing the output of the storage battery 11.

[0117] As described with reference to Figs. 12 to 17, etc., the charge / discharge control by the controller 4 may include temporarily suspending the charge / discharge of the storage battery 11 in response to the state in which the rate of change of the power P3 is less than the threshold value for a certain period of time. As described with reference to Figs. 10 and 11, etc., the continuation of a gradient state caused by an increase in the rate of change of the power PG may be a factor in increasing the battery capacity of the storage battery 21. In a non-gradient state other than this, that is, in a state in which the rate of change of the power P3 is less than the threshold value (is somewhat small), even if the charge / discharge of the storage battery 11 is stopped, the required battery capacity of the storage battery 21 does not become so large. Therefore, even if the charge / discharge of the storage battery 11 is temporarily suspend, it is still possible to suppress both the output of the storage battery 11 and the battery capacity of the storage battery 21.

[0118] 18 to 25, the charge / discharge control by the controller 4 may include controlling the charge / discharge of the storage battery 11 based on the power PG of the power generation device G for each predetermined period longer than the unit period (a period serving as a reference for the rate of change), and controlling the charge / discharge of the storage battery 21 based on the power PG of the power generation device G for each unit period. In this way, the storage battery 11 can be used as a long-cycle storage battery, and the storage battery 21 can be used as a short-cycle storage battery.

[0119] As described with reference to Fig. 18, Fig. 24, Fig. 25, etc., the discharge control by the controller 4 may include shifting the magnitude of the power P1 of the storage battery 11 so that the magnitude of the power P1 of the storage battery 11 does not exceed the above-mentioned set value while continuing the time change of the power P1 of the storage battery 11 (time t11 to time t15). In this case, the shift of the magnitude of the power P1 may include shifting the magnitude of the power P1 of the storage battery 11 to zero or to a magnitude at which charging and discharging are reversed. For example, the power P1 of the storage battery 11 can be shifted in such various ways, and this also makes it possible to suppress the battery capacity of the storage battery 11.

[0120] 18 and the like, the change over time of the power P1 of the storage battery 11 may be a change over time corresponding to the change over time of the averaged power PG of the power generation device G. For example, in this manner, the actual change over time of the power PG of the power generation device G can be reflected in the change over time of the power P1 of the storage battery 11.

[0121] 26 and 27, the change in power P1 of the storage battery 11 over time is a change in time corresponding to the predicted change in power PG of the power generation device G over time, and may be a change in time that changes with a constant slope over at least one predetermined period (planned time period) (time t21 to time t22, time t23 to time t24, time t25 to time t26, time t27 to time t28, time t29 to time t30). By setting such a simple change in time as the change in power P1 of the storage battery 11 over time, for example, complicated control can be avoided.

[0122] As described with reference to Fig. 1 etc., power generation by the power generation device G may include power generation using natural energy. The rate of change in the power PG of such a power generation device G can be suppressed by the storage batteries 11 and 21, and the power can be supplied to the power grid 9.

[0123] The control program 441 described with reference to FIG. 1 and the like is also one of the disclosed techniques. The control program 441 causes a computer to execute control (processing) by the controller 4. The power supply system 100 is also one of the disclosed techniques. The power supply system 100 includes a power generation device G, a storage battery 11, a storage battery 21, and a controller 4. As described above, the control program 441 and the power supply system 100 can also stabilize the power generation device and achieve both suppression of the output of the storage battery 11 and suppression of the battery capacity of the storage battery 21.

[0124] The control process executed by the controller 4, i.e., the control method, is also one of the techniques disclosed. The control method controls the charging and discharging of the storage battery 11 and the storage battery 21 based on the power PG of the power generation device G so as to suppress the rate of change of the power P3 (transmitted and received power) at the connection point 3 between the power generation device G, the storage battery 11 and the storage battery 21 connected to the power generation device G, and the power grid 9. The storage battery 21 has a battery capacity smaller than the battery capacity of the storage battery 11. The charge and discharge control includes charging and discharging the storage battery 11 and the storage battery 21 so that the maximum charge and discharge power of the storage battery 11 is smaller than the maximum charge and discharge power of the storage battery 21. This control method also stabilizes the power generation device as described above, and makes it possible to simultaneously suppress the output of the storage battery 11 and the battery capacity of the storage battery 21. [Explanation of symbols]

[0125] 1. Battery storage system 11 Storage battery 12PCS 13 Terminals 14 Battery Controller 2. Battery storage system 21 Storage battery 22 PCS 23 Terminal 24 Battery Controller 3. Linkage points 4. Controller 41 Acquisition Department 42 Calculation section 421 First Calculation Section 422 Second Calculation Section 43 Charge / discharge control unit 44 Storage section 441 Control Program 442 trained models 443 Training Data 45 Planning Department 46 Learning Department G. Power generating equipment P1 Power P2 power P3 power PG power PL power consumption

Claims

1. controlling charging and discharging of the first storage battery and the second storage battery so as to suppress a rate of change in power exchanged between the power generation device, the first storage battery and the second storage battery connected to the power generation device, and a power grid, based on power generated by the power generation device; A controller, the first storage battery has a battery capacity greater than a battery capacity of the second storage battery; the charge / discharge control includes charging / discharging the first storage battery and the second storage battery such that a maximum charge / discharge power of the first storage battery is smaller than a maximum charge / discharge power of the second storage battery; The charging and discharging includes shifting the magnitude of the charge / discharge power of the first storage battery while continuing the time change of the charge / discharge power of the first storage battery so that the magnitude of the charge / discharge power of the first storage battery does not exceed a set value that is set to a value smaller than the maximum charge / discharge power of the second storage battery; The shifting includes shifting a magnitude of charging / discharging power of the first storage battery to zero or a magnitude at which charging / discharging is reversed. controller.

2. The charge / discharge control is Charging and discharging the first storage battery so as to suppress the rate of change within a range in which the magnitude of the charge / discharge power of the first storage battery does not exceed a set value that is set to a value smaller than the maximum charge / discharge power of the second storage battery; Charging and discharging the second storage battery so as to further suppress the rate of change after being suppressed by the charging and discharging of the first storage battery; Including, The controller of claim 1 .

3. The charge / discharge control includes temporarily suspending charging / discharging of the first storage battery in response to a state in which the rate of change is less than a threshold value continuing for a certain period of time.

3. A controller according to claim 1 or 2.

4. The rate of change indicates a rate of change in the power value per unit period, The charge / discharge control is controlling charging and discharging of the first storage battery based on the power generated by the power generation device for each predetermined period that is longer than the unit period; controlling charging and discharging of the second storage battery based on the power generated by the power generation device for each unit period; Including, The controller of claim 1 .

5. The time change in the charge / discharge power of the first storage battery corresponds to the time change in the averaged power generation of the power generation device. The controller of claim 1 .

6. The time change in the charge / discharge power of the first storage battery is a time change corresponding to a predicted time change in the power generation power of the power generation device, and is a time change that changes with a constant slope over at least one of the predetermined periods. The controller of claim 4.

7. The power generation by the power generation device includes power generation using natural energy. The controller according to any one of claims 1, 2, and 4 to 6.

8. On the computer, controlling charging and discharging of the first storage battery and the second storage battery so as to suppress a rate of change in power exchanged between the power generation device, the first storage battery and the second storage battery connected to the power generation device, and a power grid, based on power generated by the power generation device; A control program for executing a process, the second storage battery has a battery capacity smaller than a battery capacity of the first storage battery; the charge / discharge control includes charging / discharging the first storage battery and the second storage battery such that a maximum charge / discharge power of the first storage battery is smaller than a maximum charge / discharge power of the second storage battery; The charging and discharging includes shifting the magnitude of the charge / discharge power of the first storage battery while continuing the time change of the charge / discharge power of the first storage battery so that the magnitude of the charge / discharge power of the first storage battery does not exceed a set value that is set to a value smaller than the maximum charge / discharge power of the second storage battery; The shifting includes shifting a magnitude of charging / discharging power of the first storage battery to zero or a magnitude at which charging / discharging is reversed. Control program.

9. controlling charging and discharging of the first storage battery and the second storage battery so as to suppress a rate of change in power exchanged between the power generation device, the first storage battery and the second storage battery connected to the power generation device, and a power grid, based on power generated by the power generation device; 1. A control method comprising: the second storage battery has a battery capacity smaller than a battery capacity of the first storage battery; the charge / discharge control includes charging / discharging the first storage battery and the second storage battery such that a maximum charge / discharge power of the first storage battery is smaller than a maximum charge / discharge power of the second storage battery; The charging and discharging includes shifting the magnitude of the charge / discharge power of the first storage battery while continuing the time change of the charge / discharge power of the first storage battery so that the magnitude of the charge / discharge power of the first storage battery does not exceed a set value that is set to a value smaller than the maximum charge / discharge power of the second storage battery; The shifting includes shifting a magnitude of charging / discharging power of the first storage battery to zero or a magnitude at which charging / discharging is reversed. Control methods.

10. A power generation device; A first storage battery connected to the power generation device; A second storage battery connected to the power generation device; a controller that controls charging and discharging of the first storage battery and the second storage battery so as to suppress a rate of change in power exchanged between the power generation device, the first storage battery, the second storage battery, and a power grid based on power generated by the power generation device; Equipped with the second storage battery has a battery capacity smaller than a battery capacity of the first storage battery; the charge / discharge control includes charging / discharging the first storage battery and the second storage battery such that a maximum charge / discharge power of the first storage battery is smaller than a maximum charge / discharge power of the second storage battery; The charging and discharging includes shifting the magnitude of the charge / discharge power of the first storage battery while continuing the time change of the charge / discharge power of the first storage battery so that the magnitude of the charge / discharge power of the first storage battery does not exceed a set value that is set to a value smaller than the maximum charge / discharge power of the second storage battery; The shifting includes shifting a magnitude of charging / discharging power of the first storage battery to zero or a magnitude at which charging / discharging is reversed. Power supply system.

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