Information processing device, information processing method, and program

Abstract

This information processing device is provided with: a travel request acquisition unit that acquires travel request information requesting that a first vehicle be permitted to travel on a specific road; a vehicle count acquisition unit that acquires a traveling vehicle count indicating the number of second vehicles traveling on the specific road; a determination unit that determines whether or not to permit the travel on the basis of the traveling vehicle count and an appropriate vehicle count indicating an appropriate number of vehicles traveling on the specific road; and a transmission unit that transmits, to the first vehicle, information indicating the result of the determination of whether or not to permit the travel.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an information processing device, an information processing method, and a program. [Background technology]

[0002] With the evolution of technology, automobiles and other forms of mobility have brought prosperity to people's lives. On the other hand, against the backdrop of changes in social structure such as a declining birthrate, an aging population, and population concentration in urban areas, there are concerns about the worsening of various social issues surrounding road traffic. Social issues surrounding road traffic include, for example, an increase in traffic accidents involving elderly people, the reduction and elimination of public transportation services due to depopulation in rural areas, an increase in people with poor mobility due to elderly people returning their driver's licenses, economic losses and environmental problems due to traffic congestion and congestion in urban areas, and a shortage of people in the logistics industry due to the increase in logistics demand accompanying the expansion of e-commerce.

[0003] Against the backdrop of these social issues, automobile manufacturers are taking the lead in conducting research and development and demonstration experiments aimed at improving connected car services and realizing multimodal MaaS (Mobility as a Service). In Japan in particular, research and development is being promoted in common areas (collaboration areas) that should be tackled jointly by industry, academia, and government. As connected cars and autonomous driving functions become more advanced, the communication networks that support these technologies are also becoming an essential part of the infrastructure.

[0004] Furthermore, in recent years, the remarkable development of ICT (Information and Communication Technology) has made it possible to collect and analyze huge amounts of IoT (Internet of Things) data. Accordingly, governments and various companies are working on research and development aimed at the practical application of information systems that highly integrate cyberspace and physical space, such as those proposed in Society 5.0. However, when integrating cyberspace and physical space, even if already-statized data or data with location or time information that is out of sync with each other is combined, the accuracy of understanding real-world phenomena and predicting the future may not necessarily improve.

[0005] To address these issues, progress is being made in building a system infrastructure that will collect various sensing data on people, objects, and events in real time, match four-dimensional information consisting of latitude, longitude, altitude, and time with a high degree of accuracy, and enable the fusion of integrated sensing data with diverse industrial infrastructure and the provision of data that will contribute to future predictions. [Prior art documents] [Non-patent literature]

[0006] [Non-Patent Document 1] “Highway Corporation Overseas Research Series Lecture Series: Road Pricing in Europe and the US”, [online], Highway Corporation Overseas Research Series No. 9, Japan Expressway Holding and Debt Repayment Agency, pp. 21-25, January 2010, [Retrieved July 30, 2021], Internet<URL:https: / / www.jehdra.go.jp / pdf / research / r079.pdf> Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] Conventionally, in response to the social issue of traffic congestion and congestion in urban areas, a toll road system has been established that provides a lane (hereinafter referred to as a "priority lane") that can be used preferentially only by those who pay a certain usage fee, in addition to the normal traffic lane (hereinafter referred to as a "general lane"), and the usage fee for the priority lane is set higher than the usage fee for the general lane, thereby aiming to alleviate traffic congestion and congestion at least in the priority lane (see Non-Patent Document 1). As a result, users who wish to arrive at their destination faster may be able to avoid traffic congestion and congestion by using the priority lane.

[0008] However, in the toll road system described in Non-Patent Document 1, anyone can use the priority lane by paying a certain usage fee. Therefore, if the number of vehicles traveling in the priority lane exceeds the appropriate upper limit, congestion and congestion will not be alleviated. This has led to a problem that users may not be able to avoid congestion and congestion even if they use the priority lane.

[0009] In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide an information processing device, an information processing method, and a program that enable a user to avoid traffic jams or congestion. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] One aspect of the present invention is an information processing device that includes a driving request acquisition unit that acquires driving request information requesting permission for a first vehicle to drive on a specific road, a vehicle number acquisition unit that acquires a number of running vehicles indicating the number of a plurality of second vehicles traveling on the specific road, a determination unit that determines whether or not driving is possible based on the number of running vehicles and an appropriate vehicle number indicating an appropriate number of vehicles traveling on the specific road, and a transmission unit that transmits information indicating the determination result of whether or not driving is possible to the first vehicle.

[0011] Another aspect of the present invention is an information processing method including a driving request acquisition step of acquiring driving request information requesting permission for a first vehicle to drive on a specific road; a vehicle number acquisition step of acquiring a number of running vehicles indicating the number of a plurality of second vehicles traveling on the specific road; a determination step of determining whether or not driving is possible based on the number of running vehicles and an appropriate vehicle number indicating an appropriate number of vehicles traveling on the specific road; and a transmission step of transmitting information indicating the determination result of whether or not driving is possible to the first vehicle.

[0012] Another aspect of the present invention is a program for causing a computer to function as the information processing device described above. Effect of the Invention

[0013] The present invention allows users to avoid congestion or jams. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0014] [Figure 1] 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a traffic lane adjustment system 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] 1 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of a traffic lane adjustment device 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 3] 2 is a diagram showing an example of a configuration of a vehicle management table T1 in the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. [Figure 4] 1 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of a vehicle 20 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 5] 4 is a flowchart showing an operation of the traffic lane adjustment device 10 in the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] 5 is a flowchart showing an operation of the traffic lane adjustment device 10 in the second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] 10 is a flowchart showing an operation of the traffic lane adjustment device 10 in the third embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0015] Hereinafter, a driving lane adjustment system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[0016] <First embodiment> DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A first embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a traffic lane adjustment system 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] The traffic lane adjustment system 1 is an information system for adjusting vehicles permitted to use the priority lane in response to requests from a plurality of users who use vehicles traveling on a road having a general lane and a priority lane. The user here refers to, for example, a passenger in the vehicle. As shown in FIG. 1, the traffic lane adjustment system 1 includes a traffic lane adjustment device 10, a plurality of vehicles 20, and a communication network 30.

[0018] The driving lane adjustment device 10 includes an information processing device such as a general-purpose computer. The driving lane adjustment device 10 is, for example, an information processing device managed by a business that provides the driving lane adjustment service by the driving lane adjustment system 1. The driving lane adjustment device 10 can transmit and receive information to and from the vehicle 20 via the communication network 30.

[0019] The driving lane adjustment device 10 acquires position information indicating the position of the vehicle 20 traveling on a road having general lanes GL and priority lanes PL from each vehicle 20. The driving lane adjustment device 10 counts the number of vehicles actually traveling (hereinafter referred to as the "actual number of traveling vehicles") for each section of the road and for each type of driving lane (i.e., for each general lane GL and priority lane PL) based on the acquired position information.

[0020] Furthermore, the driving lane adjustment device 10 acquires information indicating a user's desire to use the priority lane PL (hereinafter referred to as a "priority lane driving request") from the vehicle 20. The driving lane adjustment device 10 determines whether or not to permit driving in the priority lane PL in response to the priority lane driving request from the vehicle 20, based on a predetermined upper limit of the appropriate number of vehicles traveling in the priority lane PL (hereinafter referred to as the "appropriate maximum number of traveling vehicles") and the above-mentioned actual number of traveling vehicles. Note that the appropriate number of traveling vehicles here is, for example, a number within a range in which congestion or congestion does not occur in the priority lane PL.

[0021] The driving lane adjustment device 10 transmits to the vehicle 20 that has sent the priority lane driving request information indicating that driving in the priority lane PL is permitted (hereinafter referred to as "priority lane driving permission"), or information indicating that driving in the priority lane PL is not permitted (hereinafter referred to as "priority lane driving not permitted").

[0022] The driving lane adjustment device 10 may transmit other information to the vehicle 20. For example, the driving lane adjustment device 10 may transmit information (hereinafter referred to as a "priority lane transfer instruction") to the vehicle 20 traveling on the priority lane PL, indicating an instruction to change lanes to the general lane GL and forcibly transfer the use of the priority lane PL to another vehicle 20. For example, the driving lane adjustment device 10 may transmit information (hereinafter referred to as a "priority lane transfer inquiry") to the vehicle 20 traveling on the priority lane PL to inquire whether to change lanes to the general lane GL and transfer the use of the priority lane PL to another vehicle 20. For example, the driving lane adjustment device 10 may transmit information (hereinafter referred to as a "payment amount increase inquiry") to inquire whether to pay a larger usage fee to use the priority lane PL.

[0023] The vehicle 20 is a vehicle that travels on a road having a general lane and a priority lane. The vehicle 20 is, for example, a passenger car, a commercial vehicle (for example, a truck, a dump truck, etc.), or a passenger car (for example, a bus, a taxi, etc.).

[0024] The vehicle 20 is equipped with various information processing devices (not shown). The vehicle 20 can transmit and receive information to and from the driving lane adjustment device 10 via the information processing devices and the communication network 30. The vehicle 20 transmits information indicating its own position to the driving lane adjustment device 10. The vehicle 20 also transmits the above-mentioned priority lane driving request to the driving lane adjustment device 10. The vehicle 20 may also receive the above-mentioned priority lane driving permission, priority lane driving denial, priority lane transfer instruction, priority lane transfer inquiry, payment amount increase inquiry, etc. from the driving lane adjustment device 10.

[0025] The communication network 30 is configured with wireless and wired communication paths. For example, the communication network 30 has a wired communication path on the side of the traffic lane adjustment device 10 and a wireless communication path on the side of the vehicle 20. The communication network 30 includes, for example, the Internet.

[0026] [Configuration of the driving lane adjustment device] The configuration of the driving lane adjustment device 10 will be described below. Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing the functional configuration of the driving lane adjustment device 10 in the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 2, the driving lane adjustment device 10 includes a receiving unit 110, an appropriate vehicle number management unit 120, a map information storage unit 121, an appropriate vehicle number storage unit 122, a vehicle information management unit 130, a vehicle information storage unit 131, a determination unit 140, and a transmission unit 150.

[0027] The receiving unit 110 includes a communication interface that receives various information transmitted from the vehicle 20 via the communication network 30. For example, the receiving unit 110 receives position information of the vehicle 20, a priority lane driving request, and the like, and distributes the information to the appropriate vehicle number management unit 120 or the vehicle information management unit 130.

[0028] The appropriate vehicle number management unit 120 acquires a predetermined appropriate maximum number of traveling vehicles in the priority lane PL for each specific section of the road from the appropriate vehicle number storage unit 122. Note that the appropriate vehicle number management unit 120 may acquire map information from the map information storage unit 121, divide the road into a plurality of specific sections based on the acquired map information, and calculate the appropriate maximum number of traveling vehicles in the priority lane PL for each specific section based on a predetermined calculation condition.

[0029] The sections are set, for example, by dividing the road into sections at fixed distances. Alternatively, the sections may be set by dividing the likelihood of congestion at each location on the road into levels (for example, one of five levels) based on past congestion information, and the points where the levels change are set as points where the sections change. In this case, for example, the past congestion information is stored in an internal or external database (not shown). In this way, when the road is divided into sections based on past congestion information, the present invention can be applied intensively to sections where congestion is particularly likely to occur, thereby efficiently achieving user convenience.

[0030] The map information storage unit 121 stores map information in advance. The map information includes a map of roads including priority lanes PL. The map information storage unit 121 is configured by, for example, a storage medium such as a hard disk drive (HDD), a flash memory, an electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM), a random access read / write memory (RAM), a read only memory (ROM), or any combination of these storage media.

[0031] The appropriate vehicle number storage unit 122 stores information indicating an appropriate maximum number of traveling vehicles in the priority lane PL for each specific section of the road in advance. The appropriate vehicle number storage unit 122 is configured by, for example, a storage medium such as a HDD, a flash memory, an EEPROM, a RAM, a ROM, or any combination of these storage media.

[0032] The vehicle information management unit 130 acquires the position information for each vehicle 20 and information about the vehicle 20 received by the receiving unit 110. The information about the vehicle 20 includes a vehicle ID (identifier) ​​that identifies the vehicle 20 and information indicating the passing conditions. The vehicle information management unit 130 generates vehicle information based on the position information for each vehicle 20 and the information about the vehicle 20, and records the generated vehicle information in a vehicle management table T1 stored in the vehicle information storage unit 131.

[0033] An example of the vehicle management table T1 stored in the vehicle information storage unit 131 will be described below. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the vehicle management table T1 in the first embodiment of the present invention. The vehicle management table T1 shown in FIG. 3 represents a list of vehicle information in a specific section. As shown in FIG. 3, the vehicle management table T1 is tabular data in which the value of the "vehicle ID" item, the value of the "lane" item, and the value of the "traffic conditions" item are associated with each other.

[0034] In the vehicle management table T1, the "vehicle ID" field stores a vehicle ID indicating a vehicle 20 traveling in a specific section. The "lane" field stores information indicating the type of lane in which the vehicle 20 is traveling in a specific section. The "traffic conditions" field stores information that allows comparison of the relative merits of each vehicle 20 (i.e., the priority for traveling in the priority lane PL).

[0035] In the first embodiment, the passing condition is a desired payment amount for the toll for the priority lane PL presented by each user. However, the passing condition is not limited to an amount. For example, the passing condition may be rank information divided into a predetermined stage, such as rank A, rank B, rank C, etc. In this case, for example, the rank information may be information ranked based on the desired payment amount for the toll for the priority lane PL. Also, for example, the rank information may be information ranked based on information on the passengers, such as whether they are disabled or not, or the number of passengers in the vehicle 20. Also, for example, the rank information may be information ranked based on the type of vehicle, such as a passenger car, a commercial vehicle, a public bus (such as a bus and a taxi), or an emergency vehicle (such as a fire engine and an ambulance). Note that the rank information may be information that combines the above information.

[0036] In addition, the more the travel conditions can be set by the user, such as the above-mentioned desired payment amount that the user can arbitrarily indicate, the more flexible the adjustment of the driving lane can be to suit the user's needs.

[0037] The vehicle information management unit 130 grasps the position information of the vehicle 20 on a lane-by-lane basis, and manages the number of actually traveling vehicles, which is the number of vehicles that are actually traveling on each road section and each traveling lane.

[0038] The vehicle information storage unit 131 stores the vehicle management table T1. The vehicle information storage unit 131 is configured by, for example, a storage medium such as a HDD, a flash memory, an EEPROM, a RAM, a ROM, or an arbitrary combination of these storage media.

[0039] The determination unit 140 acquires information indicating an appropriate maximum number of traveling vehicles in a certain section from the appropriate vehicle number management unit 120. The determination unit 140 also acquires the actual number of traveling vehicles in the section from the vehicle information management unit 130. The determination unit 140 determines whether or not to permit the vehicle 20 that has transmitted the priority lane traveling request to travel in the priority lane PL based on the acquired appropriate maximum number of traveling vehicles and the actual number of traveling vehicles.

[0040] For example, the determination unit 140, the appropriate vehicle number management unit 120, and the vehicle information management unit 13 are configured using a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit).

[0041] The transmitting unit 150 includes a communication interface that transmits various types of information to the vehicle 20 via the communication network 30. The transmitting unit 150 and the receiving unit 110 may be functional units configured by a single piece of hardware as a transmitting / receiving unit.

[0042] The transmission unit 150 transmits a priority lane driving permission to the vehicle 20 that is determined by the determination unit 140 to be permitted to drive in the priority lane PL. The transmission unit 150 also transmits a priority lane driving denial to the vehicle 20 that is determined by the determination unit 140 to not be permitted to drive in the priority lane PL. Note that, if the vehicle 20 that has received the notification of priority vehicle driving permission or priority vehicle driving denial is an autonomous vehicle, the vehicle 20 changes course to the priority lane PL. If the vehicle 20 is not an autonomous vehicle, the vehicle 20 notifies the driver of the notification content via the information control unit 230.

[0043] In addition, the transmission unit 150 may transmit the above-mentioned priority lane transfer instruction, priority lane transfer inquiry, and payment amount increase inquiry to the vehicle 20 based on the result of the determination by the determination unit 140.

[0044] [Vehicle configuration] The configuration of vehicle 20 will be described below. Fig. 4 is a block diagram showing the functional configuration of vehicle 20 in the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 4, vehicle 20 includes a communication unit 210, a self-position acquisition unit 220, an information control unit 230, and a vehicle control unit 240.

[0045] The communication unit 210 includes a communication interface that transmits various types of information to the driving lane adjustment device 10 via the communication network 30 and receives various types of information transmitted from the driving lane adjustment device 10 via the communication network 30.

[0046] The self-position acquisition unit 220 acquires information indicating the self-position of the vehicle 20. The self-position acquisition unit 220 is configured to include a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) receiver such as a GPS (Global Positioning System) receiver. The self-position acquisition unit 220 may acquire information indicating the self-position measured by a positioning system other than the GNSS. For example, the self-position acquisition unit 220 may acquire information indicating the self-position measured by LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging, Laser Imaging Detection and Ranging) or a positioning method based on a positional relationship with another vehicle 20.

[0047] The self-position acquisition unit 220 transmits information indicating the self-position to the driving lane adjustment device 10 via the communication unit 210. The information indicating the self-position may be configured to be automatically transmitted to the driving lane adjustment device 10 via the communication unit 210 from a car navigation system (not shown) or the like provided in the vehicle 20.

[0048] The information control unit 230 mainly has a function of controlling communication with passengers of the vehicle 20. The information control unit 230 accepts operation inputs by passengers through a UI (User Interface) and performs various controls of the vehicle 20. The information control unit 230 also transmits various pieces of information to the driving lane adjustment device 10 via the communication unit 210. The information control unit 230 also acquires various pieces of information transmitted from the transmission unit to the driving lane adjustment device 10 via the communication unit 210, and performs various processes according to the acquired information.

[0049] The vehicle control unit 240 has a function of controlling the traveling of the vehicle 20. The vehicle control unit 240 controls the traveling of the vehicle 20 according to instructions based on operation input by a passenger, or, in the case of automatic driving, according to an automatic driving control command input from an automatic driving control system (not shown).

[0050] 4 illustrates some of the functional units of an information processing device provided in the vehicle 20, and does not include configurations related to the running of the vehicle 20 itself, such as an engine and a transmission.

[0051] [Lane adjustment device operation] Hereinafter, a description will be given of an example of the operation of the traffic lane adjustment device 10. The traffic lane adjustment device 10 in the first embodiment receives a priority lane driving request transmitted from a vehicle 20 traveling in a general lane GL, and immediately determines whether or not to permit the vehicle 20 to travel in the priority lane PL.

[0052] In this embodiment, the traffic lane adjustment device 10 determines whether or not to permit the vehicle 20 to travel in the priority lane PL based on the user's desired payment amount, but the present invention is not limited to this. The traffic lane adjustment device 10 may make a determination based on information other than the desired payment amount, as long as the information is capable of comparing the merits and demerits of the vehicles 20.

[0053] FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the operation of the traffic lane adjustment device 10 in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] The receiving unit 110 of the driving lane adjustment device 10 waits for reception of a priority lane driving request transmitted from the vehicle 20 (step S101). In the first embodiment, the priority lane driving request includes at least the vehicle ID of the vehicle 20 that transmitted the priority lane driving request, and information indicating a desired payment amount for the fee for using the priority lane PL.

[0055] When the receiving unit 110 receives a priority lane driving request (step S101: YES), the determining unit 140 obtains the appropriate maximum number of traveling vehicles corresponding to the section where the priority lane driving request was made from the appropriate vehicle number management unit 120 and the actual number of traveling vehicles corresponding to the section where the priority lane driving request was made from the vehicle information management unit 130, and compares the two values ​​(step S102). Note that the vehicle 20 that transmitted the priority lane driving request is referred to as "vehicle A."

[0056] If the result of the above comparison indicates that the appropriate maximum number of traveling vehicles is greater than the actual number of traveling vehicles (step S102: YES), the transmitter 150 transmits a priority lane travel permission to vehicle A (step S111). In this case, the operation of the traveling lane adjustment device 10 shown in the flowchart of FIG. 5 ends.

[0057] On the other hand, if the result of the above comparison shows that the actual number of vehicles traveling is equal to or greater than the appropriate maximum number of vehicles traveling (step S102: NO), the judgment unit 140 judges whether the desired payment amount of the user of vehicle A (i.e., the desired payment amount included in the priority lane driving request) is lower than the desired payment amount of the user of any vehicle 20 traveling in the section for which the priority lane driving request was made (step S103).

[0058] The desired payment amount may be a fixed standard amount determined for each road section, or may be an amount that varies depending on the time of day or the day of the week, etc. The user may also input the desired payment amount.

[0059] If the desired payment amount of the user of vehicle A is lower than the desired payment amount of the users of any of the vehicles 20 traveling in the section where the priority lane driving request has been made (step S103: YES), the transmission unit 150 transmits a payment increase inquiry to vehicle A inquiring whether to offer a higher desired payment amount to use the priority lane PL (step S104). Here, the higher desired payment amount is an amount higher than the lowest desired payment amount of the vehicles 20 traveling in the section where the priority lane driving request has been made.

[0060] If there is a response from vehicle A indicating that the desired payment amount will not be increased, or if there is no response from vehicle A to the payment amount increase inquiry (for example, if there is no response even after a predetermined time has passed) (step S105: NO), the transmitter 150 transmits a priority lane travel denial to vehicle A (step S106). In this case, the operation of the driving lane adjustment device 10 shown in the flowchart of FIG. 5 ends.

[0061] On the other hand, if vehicle A responds indicating that it will increase the desired payment amount, the determination unit 140 identifies the vehicle 20 (hereinafter referred to as "vehicle B") that has offered the lowest desired payment amount among the vehicles 20 traveling in the section where the priority lane driving request was made (step S107).

[0062] The transmitting unit 150 transmits a payment increase inquiry to vehicle B inquiring whether to offer a larger desired payment amount in order to use the priority lane PL (step S108). Here, the larger desired payment amount is an amount that is larger than the lowest desired payment amount among vehicle A and the other vehicles 20 traveling in the section for which the priority lane travel request was made.

[0063] If there is a response from vehicle B indicating that the desired payment amount will not be increased, or if there is no response from vehicle B to the payment amount increase inquiry (for example, if there is no response even after a predetermined time has passed) (step S109: NO), the transmission unit 150 transmits to vehicle B a priority lane transfer instruction indicating an instruction to change lanes of vehicle B to the general lane GL and transfer the use of the priority lane PL to vehicle A (step S110). In addition, the transmission unit 150 transmits a priority lane travel permission to vehicle A (step S111). In this case, the operation of the driving lane adjustment device 10 shown in the flowchart of FIG. 5 ends.

[0064] On the other hand, if there is a response from vehicle B indicating that the desired payment amount will be increased (step S109: YES), the transmission unit 150 transmits a priority lane travel denial to vehicle A (step S106). In this case, the transmission unit 150 may further transmit a payment increase inquiry to vehicle A to ask the user of vehicle A to increase the desired payment amount, and the priority lane use adjustment may be performed between the user of vehicle A and the user of vehicle B in an auction format. In the case of the auction format, the driving lane adjustment device 10 may end the priority lane use adjustment, for example, when a predetermined time has passed or when the upper limit of a predetermined desired payment amount has been reached. With the above, the operation of the driving lane adjustment device 10 shown in the flowchart of FIG. 5 is completed.

[0065] In the first embodiment, the traffic lane adjustment device 10 adjusts two types of traffic lanes, the general lane GL and the priority lane PL, but may adjust three or more types of traffic lanes with different priorities. In this case, for example, the tolls for the traffic lanes may be set to be different in stages, so that the higher the priority of the lane, the higher the toll. In this way, the degree of congestion and congestion in each lane can be varied, enabling flexible road management.

[0066] For example, a part of the payment amount may be refunded to the vehicle 20 that receives the priority lane transfer instruction immediately after starting to use the priority lane PL.

[0067] It is also possible to provide priority lanes PL only when congestion or congestion occurs, and to provide all lanes as general lanes GL when no congestion or congestion occurs.

[0068] As described above, when the number of vehicles 20 actually traveling in the priority lane PL is equal to or greater than the upper limit of the appropriate number of vehicles 20 in the priority lane PL, the driving lane adjustment device 10 in the first embodiment of the present invention rejects the priority lane driving request or replaces one of the vehicles 20 actually traveling in the priority lane PL with the vehicle 20 that transmitted the priority lane driving request, depending on the desired payment amount. With such a configuration, the driving lane adjustment device 10 in the first embodiment of the present invention can always keep the number of vehicles 20 traveling in the priority lane PL within an appropriate number range, thereby allowing users using the priority lane PL to avoid congestion and congestion.

[0069] <Second embodiment> Hereinafter, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the first embodiment described above, the driving lane adjustment device 10 is configured to instantly adjust the vehicles 20 that are permitted to travel in the priority lane PL among multiple vehicles 20 traveling in a specific section of a road.

[0070] On the other hand, the driving lane adjustment device 10 in the second embodiment described below is configured to adjust the vehicles 20 that are allowed to reserve driving in the priority lane PL among multiple vehicles 20 scheduled to drive on a specific section of a road.

[0071] The overall configuration of the driving lane adjustment system 1, the configuration of the driving lane adjustment device 10, and the configuration of the vehicle 20 in the second embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment described with reference to Figures 1 to 3, so their explanations are omitted.

[0072] [Lane adjustment device operation] An example of the operation of the traffic lane adjustment device 10 will be described below. Note that, in this embodiment, the traffic lane adjustment device 10 is configured to determine whether or not to permit the vehicle 20 to travel in the priority lane PL based on the user's desired payment amount, but this is not limiting. The traffic lane adjustment device 10 may make a determination based on information other than the desired payment amount, as long as the information is capable of comparing the merits and demerits of each vehicle 20.

[0073] FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the operation of the traffic lane adjustment device 10 in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0074] The receiving unit 110 of the driving lane adjustment device 10 waits to receive information indicating a reservation for use of the priority lane PL from a user (hereinafter referred to as a "priority lane driving reservation"), transmitted from the vehicle 20 (step S201). In the second embodiment, the priority lane driving reservation includes at least the vehicle ID of the vehicle 20 that transmitted the priority lane driving request, information indicating a desired payment amount for the fee for use of the priority lane PL, information indicating the section in which the priority lane PL is desired to be driven, and information indicating a time period in which the priority lane PL is desired to be driven.

[0075] Instead of the information indicating the time period during which the vehicle is desired to travel on the priority lane PL, information indicating the time at which the vehicle is desired to travel on the priority lane PL may be used. However, using information indicating the time period, such as from 6:00 p.m. to 7:00 p.m., makes it possible to more accurately simulate the future usage of the priority lane PL, and therefore has the effect of being able to more flexibly respond to uncertain future road traffic conditions and individual circumstances of passengers.

[0076] When the receiving unit 110 receives a priority lane driving reservation (step S201: YES), the determining unit 140 obtains the appropriate maximum number of traveling vehicles corresponding to the section in which the priority lane driving reservation was made from the appropriate vehicle number management unit 120, and the reserved number of traveling vehicles corresponding to the section in which the priority lane driving reservation was made from the vehicle information management unit 130, and compares the two values ​​(step S202). The reserved number of traveling vehicles here refers to the number of vehicles 20 for which reservations have been accepted to travel in the priority lane PL during a specific time period in a specific section. Note that the vehicle 20 that sent the priority lane driving reservation is referred to as "vehicle C" here.

[0077] If the result of the above comparison is that the appropriate maximum number of traveling vehicles is greater than the reserved number of traveling vehicles (step S202: YES), the transmission unit 150 transmits a priority lane travel reservation acceptance to the vehicle C (step S211). The priority lane travel reservation acceptance here is information indicating that the vehicle 20 that transmitted the priority lane travel reservation has accepted the reservation for travel in the priority lane PL. In this case, the operation of the travel lane adjustment device 10 shown in the flowchart of FIG. 6 ends.

[0078] On the other hand, if the result of the above comparison shows that the number of reserved vehicles is equal to or greater than the appropriate maximum number of vehicles (step S202: NO), the judgment unit 140 judges whether the desired payment amount of the user of vehicle C (i.e., the desired payment amount included in the priority lane driving reservation) is lower than the desired payment amount of the user of any vehicle 20 traveling in the section for which the priority lane driving reservation was made (step S203).

[0079] The desired payment amount may be a fixed standard amount determined for each road section, or may be an amount that varies depending on the time of day or the day of the week, etc. The user may also input the desired payment amount.

[0080] If the desired payment amount of the user of vehicle C is lower than the desired payment amount of the users of any of the vehicles 20 traveling in the section for which the priority lane driving request has been made (step S203: YES), the transmission unit 150 transmits a payment increase inquiry to vehicle C inquiring whether to offer a higher desired payment amount to use the priority lane PL (step S204). Here, the higher desired payment amount is an amount higher than the lowest desired payment amount among the vehicles 20 traveling in the section for which the priority lane driving reservation has been made.

[0081] If there is a response from vehicle C indicating that the desired payment amount will not be increased, or if there is no response from vehicle C to the payment amount increase inquiry (for example, if there is no response even after a predetermined time has passed) (step S205: NO), the transmitter 150 transmits a priority lane travel reservation rejection to vehicle C (step S206). The priority lane travel reservation rejection here is information indicating that the reservation for travel in the priority lane PL is rejected for the vehicle 20 that transmitted the priority lane travel reservation. In this case, the operation of the travel lane adjustment device 10 shown in the flowchart of FIG. 6 ends.

[0082] On the other hand, if vehicle C responds indicating that it will increase the desired payment amount, the determination unit 140 identifies the vehicle 20 (hereinafter referred to as "vehicle D") that has offered the lowest desired payment amount among the vehicles 20 traveling in the section where the priority lane driving request was made (step S207).

[0083] The transmitting unit 150 transmits a payment increase inquiry to vehicle D inquiring whether to offer a larger desired payment amount in order to use the priority lane PL (step S208). Here, the larger desired payment amount is an amount that is larger than the lowest desired payment amount among vehicle C and the other vehicles 20 traveling in the section for which the priority lane travel request was made.

[0084] If there is a response from vehicle D indicating that the desired payment amount will not be increased, or if there is no response from vehicle B to the payment amount increase inquiry (for example, if there is no response even after a predetermined time has passed) (step S209: NO), the transmission unit 150 transmits a priority lane reservation cancellation to vehicle D indicating that the reservation for vehicle B to use the priority lane PL of the general lane GL is to be canceled (step S210). The transmission unit 150 also transmits a priority lane travel reservation acceptance to vehicle C (step S211). In this case, the operation of the driving lane adjustment device 10 shown in the flowchart of FIG. 6 ends.

[0085] On the other hand, if there is a response from vehicle B indicating that the desired payment amount will be increased (step S209: YES), the transmission unit 150 transmits a rejection of the reservation for traveling in the priority lane to vehicle C (step S206). In this case, the transmission unit 150 may further transmit a payment increase inquiry to vehicle C to ask the user of vehicle C to increase the desired payment amount, and adjust the use of the priority lane in an auction format between the user of vehicle C and the user of vehicle D. This completes the operation of the traveling lane adjustment device 10 shown in the flowchart of FIG. 6.

[0086] As described above, when the number of vehicles 20 reserving travel in the priority lane PL is equal to or greater than the upper limit of the appropriate number of vehicles 20 in the priority lane PL, the travel lane adjustment device 10 in the second embodiment of the present invention rejects the reservation for travel in the priority lane or cancels the reservation of the vehicle 20 already reserving travel in the priority lane PL and accepts a reservation for travel in the priority lane for a new vehicle 20, depending on the desired payment amount. With such a configuration, the travel lane adjustment device 10 in the second embodiment of the present invention can control the number of vehicles 20 traveling in the priority lane PL during the reserved time period to fall within the appropriate number range, thereby enabling users using the priority lane PL to avoid congestion and congestion.

[0087] <Third embodiment> Hereinafter, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the first embodiment described above, the traffic lane adjustment device 10 controls the number of vehicles 20 traveling in the priority lane PL to always be within an appropriate number range, thereby avoiding congestion and jams in the priority lane PL.

[0088] On the other hand, the driving lane adjustment device 10 in a third embodiment described below is configured to make adjustments so that a specific vehicle 20 can preferentially use the priority lane PL by encouraging a plurality of vehicles 20 traveling in the priority lane PL to transfer use of the priority lane PL even when the priority lane PL is congested or crowded, for example. Moreover, the driving lane adjustment device 10 in the third embodiment has a mechanism for giving a reward to a vehicle 20 that transfers use of the priority lane PL in order to promote the transfer of use of the priority lane PL.

[0089] The overall configuration of the driving lane adjustment system 1, the configuration of the driving lane adjustment device 10, and the configuration of the vehicle 20 in the third embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment described with reference to Figures 1 to 3, and therefore will not be described.

[0090] [Lane adjustment device operation] The following describes an example of the operation of the driving lane adjustment device 10. Fig. 7 is a flowchart showing the operation of the driving lane adjustment device 10 in the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0091] The receiving unit 110 of the driving lane adjustment device 10 waits for reception of a priority lane driving request transmitted from the vehicle 20 (step S301). In the third embodiment, the priority lane driving request includes information indicating at least the vehicle ID of the vehicle 20 that transmitted the priority lane driving request, a desired payment amount for the fee for using the priority lane PL, and the number of vehicles 20 that wish to be given permission to drive in the priority lane PL (i.e., the number of vehicles 20 that wish to change lanes from the priority lane PL to the general lane GL).

[0092] When the receiving unit 110 receives a priority lane driving request (step S101: YES), the determining unit 140 obtains the appropriate maximum number of traveling vehicles corresponding to the section where the priority lane driving request was made from the appropriate vehicle number management unit 120 and the actual number of traveling vehicles corresponding to the section where the priority lane driving request was made from the vehicle information management unit 130, and compares the two values ​​(step S102). Note that the vehicle 20 that transmitted the priority lane driving request is referred to as "vehicle E."

[0093] The number of vehicles 20 to which the priority lane PL driving is to be transferred, which is included in the priority lane driving request, may be configured to be directly input by the passenger of the vehicle E. Alternatively, the number of vehicles 20 to which the priority lane PL driving is to be transferred may be configured to be, for example, a degree of congestion to be alleviated (e.g., strong, medium, weak) designated by the passenger of the vehicle E, and the vehicle information management unit 130 of the driving lane adjustment device 10 converts the degree into the number of vehicles 20 to be transferred based on a predetermined rule. Alternatively, the number of vehicles 20 to which the priority lane PL driving is to be transferred may be configured to be, for example, a desired time required to pass through a specific section (e.g., pass within 15 minutes, etc.) designated by the passenger of the vehicle E, and the vehicle information management unit 130 of the driving lane adjustment device 10 converts the required time into the number of vehicles 20 to be transferred based on a predetermined rule.

[0094] If the result of the above comparison is that the appropriate maximum number of traveling vehicles is greater than the actual number of traveling vehicles (step S302: YES), the operation of the driving lane adjustment device 10 shown in the flowchart of FIG. 7 ends.

[0095] On the other hand, if the result of the above comparison is that the actual number of vehicles traveling is equal to or greater than the appropriate maximum number of vehicles traveling (step S302: NO), the judgment unit 140 judges whether the desired payment amount of the user of vehicle E (i.e., the desired payment amount included in the priority lane driving request) is lower than the total desired payment amounts for the number of vehicles 20 that are traveling in the section where the priority lane driving request was made and that the user wishes to encourage to be transferred (step S303).

[0096] The desired payment amount may be a fixed standard amount determined for each road section, or may be an amount that varies depending on the time of day or the day of the week, etc. The user may also input the desired payment amount.

[0097] If the desired payment amount of the user of vehicle E is lower than the total desired payment amount for the number of vehicles 20 to be promoted for transfer (step S303: YES), the transmission unit 150 transmits a payment increase inquiry to vehicle E to inquire whether to offer a larger desired payment amount to use the priority lane PL (step S304). Here, the larger desired payment amount is an amount that is greater than the total desired payment amount for the number of vehicles 20 to be promoted for transfer that are traveling in the section where the priority lane travel request was made.

[0098] If vehicle E responds indicating that the desired payment amount will not be increased, or if vehicle A does not respond to the payment amount increase inquiry (for example, if there is no response even after a predetermined time has elapsed) (step S305: NO), the operation of the driving lane adjustment device 10 shown in the flowchart of Figure 7 ends.

[0099] On the other hand, if there is a response from vehicle E indicating that the desired payment amount will be increased, the judgment unit 140 calculates the amount that can be distributed to the user of the vehicle 20 that the user wishes to be encouraged to transfer (hereinafter referred to as the "distributable amount") from the sum of the desired payment amount of the user of vehicle E, the number of vehicles 20 that the user wishes to be encouraged to transfer, and the desired payment amount of the user of the vehicle 20 that the user wishes to be encouraged to transfer (step S306).

[0100] The transmission unit 150 transmits the priority lane transfer inquiry together with the information indicating the distributable amount to the vehicle 20 to which the transfer is to be encouraged (step S307). With this, the operation of the driving lane adjustment device 10 shown in the flowchart of FIG. 7 is completed.

[0101] A simple concrete example will be given below. For example, when a user of vehicle E wishes to encourage the transfer of three vehicles 20, the users of the vehicles 20 are not necessarily willing to transfer them, so the users of the vehicles 20 are encouraged to transfer them to the users of the ten vehicles 20. In addition, for example, if the desired payment amount of the user of vehicle E is 1,000 yen, the operator of the driving lane adjustment system 1 deducts a fixed amount, for example, 100 yen, as a distribution fee, and the remaining 900 yen is presented as the distributable amount to the ten vehicles 20. In this case, since 900 yen is distributed to the ten vehicles, the reward per user of the vehicle 20 encouraged to transfer is 90 yen.

[0102] In this embodiment, the reward is distributed equally to the users of all the vehicles 20 whose transfer is encouraged, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the reward may be distributed in proportion to the amount of payment made by each of the vehicles 20 whose transfer is encouraged to use the priority lane GL. Also, the operator of the driving lane adjustment system 1 may not deduct the distribution fee.

[0103] As described above, in the case where a user of a specific vehicle 20 encourages a plurality of other vehicles 20 traveling in the priority lane PL to change lanes to the general lane GL and then wishes to travel in the priority lane PL, the travel lane adjustment device 10 in the third embodiment of the present invention distributes an amount based on the desired payment amount of the user of the specific vehicle 20 as a reward to the plurality of other vehicles 20 traveling in the priority lane PL. This encourages the vehicle 20 to change lanes to the general lane GL. With such a configuration, the travel lane adjustment device 10 in the third embodiment of the present invention can make adjustments so that the specific vehicle 20 traveling in the priority lane PL can easily avoid congestion and congestion.

[0104] It is also possible to combine the respective configurations of the traffic lane adjustment device 10 in the above-described first to third embodiments.

[0105] According to the above-described embodiment, the information processing device includes a driving request acquisition unit, a vehicle number acquisition unit, a determination unit, and a transmission unit. For example, the information processing device is the driving lane adjustment device 10 in the embodiment, the driving request acquisition unit is the vehicle information management unit 130 in the embodiment, the vehicle number acquisition unit is the appropriate vehicle number management unit 120 in the embodiment, the determination unit is the determination unit 140 in the embodiment, and the transmission unit is the transmission unit 150 in the embodiment.

[0106] The travel request acquisition unit acquires travel request information requesting permission for the first vehicle to travel on a specific road. For example, the first vehicle is the vehicle 20 that has transmitted the priority lane travel request in the embodiment, the specific road is the priority lane PL in the embodiment, the second vehicle is the vehicle 20 traveling (or has a travel reservation) on the priority lane PL in the embodiment, and the travel request information is the priority lane travel request in the embodiment.

[0107] The vehicle number acquisition unit acquires a running vehicle number indicating the number of multiple second vehicles running on a specific road. For example, the number of running vehicles is the actual number of running vehicles or the reserved number of running vehicles in an embodiment. The determination unit determines whether or not driving is possible based on the number of running vehicles and an appropriate vehicle number indicating an appropriate number of vehicles running on the specific road. For example, the appropriate number of vehicles is an appropriate maximum number of running vehicles in an embodiment. The transmission unit transmits information indicating the determination result of whether or not driving is possible to the first vehicle. For example, the information indicating the determination result of whether or not driving is possible is permission to drive in the priority lane or not permission to drive in the priority lane in an embodiment.

[0108] In the above information processing device, the travel request information may include information indicating a travel section and a scheduled travel time period of the first vehicle on a specific road. In this case, the vehicle number acquisition unit acquires a number of vehicles scheduled to travel indicating the number of second vehicles scheduled to travel in the travel section and the scheduled travel time period. For example, the number of vehicles scheduled to travel is the number of reserved vehicles to travel in the embodiment. In this case, the determination unit determines whether or not travel is possible based on the number of vehicles scheduled to travel and the appropriate number of vehicles.

[0109] In the above information processing device, when the number of traveling vehicles is equal to or greater than the appropriate number of vehicles, the determination unit may specify the second vehicle to end traveling on the specific road or determine that the first vehicle is not allowed to travel, based on the priority set for each vehicle. For example, the priority is information that allows comparison of superiority / inferiority (i.e., priority for traveling on the priority lane PL) between each vehicle 20 in the embodiment, and ending traveling on the specific road means changing lanes from the priority lane PL to the general lane GL in the embodiment, and determining that traveling is not allowed means determining that traveling on the priority lane PL is not permitted in the embodiment. In this case, the transmission unit transmits instruction information instructing the second vehicle to end traveling on the specific road to the second vehicle specified by the determination unit, or transmits information indicating a determination result indicating that traveling is not allowed to the first vehicle. For example, the instruction information instructing the second vehicle to end traveling on the specific road is a priority lane transfer instruction in the embodiment, and the determination result indicating that traveling is not allowed is a priority lane travel not permitted in the own mode.

[0110] In the above information processing device, the priority may be set according to the payment amount for traveling on a specific road. For example, the payment amount is a desired payment amount in the embodiment.

[0111] In the above information processing device, the determination unit may transmit information inquiring whether or not to increase the payment amount to the second vehicle or the first vehicle before the transmission unit transmits the instruction information to the second vehicle or before transmitting information indicating the determination result indicating that driving is not possible to the first vehicle. For example, the information inquiring whether or not to increase the payment amount is a payment amount increase inquiry in the embodiment.

[0112] In the above information processing device, the transmitter may transmit information indicating the reward amount to be obtained when the vehicle 20 ends its travel on the specific road to the second vehicle. For example, the reward amount to be obtained when the vehicle 20 ends its travel on the specific road is a distributable amount to be given to the user of the vehicle 20 that transfers the use of the priority lane PL in the embodiment.

[0113] A part or the whole of the driving lane adjustment device 10 in each of the above-mentioned embodiments may be realized by a computer. In that case, a program for realizing this function may be recorded in a computer-readable recording medium, and the program recorded in the recording medium may be read into a computer system and executed to realize the function. The term "computer system" as used herein includes hardware such as an OS and peripheral devices. The term "computer-readable recording medium" refers to a portable medium such as a flexible disk, an optical magnetic disk, a ROM, a CD-ROM, and a storage device such as a hard disk built into a computer system. The term "computer-readable recording medium" may also include a medium that dynamically holds a program for a short period of time, such as a communication line when a program is transmitted via a network such as the Internet or a communication line such as a telephone line, and a medium that holds a program for a certain period of time, such as a volatile memory inside a computer system that is a server or client in that case. The above-mentioned program may be a program for realizing a part of the above-mentioned function, or may be a program that can realize the above-mentioned function in combination with a program already recorded in the computer system, or may be a program that is realized using a programmable logic device such as an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array).

[0114] Although an embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and designs that do not deviate from the gist of the present invention are also included. [Explanation of symbols]

[0115] 1...traffic lane adjustment system, 10...traffic lane adjustment device, 13...vehicle information management unit, 20...vehicle, 30...communication network, 110...receiving unit, 120...appropriate vehicle number management unit, 121...map information storage unit, 122...appropriate vehicle number storage unit, 130...vehicle information management unit, 131...vehicle information storage unit, 140...determination unit, 150...transmitting unit, 210...communication unit, 220...self-position acquisition unit, 230...information control unit, 240...vehicle control unit

Claims

1. a travel request acquisition unit that acquires travel request information that requests permission for the first vehicle to travel on a specific road; a vehicle number acquisition unit that acquires a number of traveling vehicles indicating the number of a plurality of second vehicles traveling on the specific road; a determination unit that determines whether or not travel is possible for each section of the specific road based on the number of traveling vehicles and an appropriate vehicle number that indicates an appropriate number of vehicles traveling on the specific road; A transmission unit that transmits information indicating the determination result of whether or not the vehicle can travel to the first vehicle; Equipped with The section is a section divided at a point where the level of likelihood of congestion occurring changes, which is classified based on past congestion information. Information processing device.

2. the travel request information includes information indicating a travel section and a planned travel time period of the first vehicle on the specific road, the vehicle number acquisition unit acquires a number of vehicles scheduled to travel indicating a number of the second vehicles scheduled to travel in the travel section and in the planned travel time zone; The determination unit determines whether or not the vehicle can travel based on the number of vehicles scheduled to travel and the appropriate number of vehicles. The information processing device according to claim 1 .

3. When the number of traveling vehicles is equal to or greater than the appropriate number of vehicles, the determination unit identifies the second vehicle that is to end traveling on the specific road based on a priority set for each vehicle, or determines that the first vehicle is not allowed to travel; The transmission unit transmits instruction information instructing the second vehicle specified by the determination unit to end traveling on the specific road, or transmits information indicating the determination result indicating that traveling is not possible to the first vehicle.

3. The information processing device according to claim 1 or 2.

4. The priority is set according to the amount of payment for traveling on the particular road. The information processing device according to claim 3 .

5. A driving request acquisition unit that acquires driving request information requesting permission for a first vehicle to drive on a specific road; a vehicle number acquisition unit that acquires a number of traveling vehicles indicating the number of a plurality of second vehicles traveling on the specific road; a determination unit that determines whether or not the second vehicle is permitted to travel on the specific road based on the number of traveling vehicles and an appropriate number of vehicles indicating an appropriate number of vehicles traveling on the specific road, and if the number of traveling vehicles is equal to or greater than the appropriate number of vehicles, identifies the second vehicle to end travel on the specific road or determines that the first vehicle is not permitted to travel on the specific road based on a priority set for each vehicle, the priority being set according to an amount of payment for travel on the specific road; a transmission unit that transmits information indicating the determination result of whether or not the vehicle can travel to the first vehicle, and, if the number of traveling vehicles is equal to or greater than the appropriate number of vehicles, transmits instruction information to the second vehicle specified by the determination unit to instruct the second vehicle to end traveling on the specific road, or transmits information indicating the determination result indicating that the vehicle cannot travel to the first vehicle; Equipped with The transmission unit transmits information to the second vehicle or the first vehicle, before transmitting the instruction information to the second vehicle or before transmitting the information indicating the determination result indicating that the vehicle cannot travel, to the first vehicle. Information processing device.

6. The transmitting unit transmits, to the second vehicle, information indicating an amount of reward to be obtained when the second vehicle finishes traveling on the specific road. The information processing device according to claim 1 .

7. A driving request acquisition step in which a computer acquires driving request information requesting permission for a first vehicle to drive on a specific road; a vehicle number acquisition step in which the computer acquires a traveling vehicle number indicating the number of a plurality of second vehicles traveling on the specific road; a determination step in which the computer determines whether or not travel is possible for each section of the specific road based on the number of traveling vehicles and an appropriate number of vehicles indicating an appropriate number of vehicles traveling on the specific road; a transmission step of transmitting information indicating the determination result of whether or not the vehicle can travel to the first vehicle by the computer; having The section is a section divided at a point where the level of likelihood of congestion occurring changes, which is classified based on past congestion information. Information processing methods.

8. A program for causing a computer to function as the information processing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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