Planting base

Abstract

To prevent rainwater from flowing out of the site as surface drainage.SOLUTION: A planting base 100 includes a soil 10 on which plants can be placed, a storage area 20 provided in a part of the soil 10 and capable of storing rainwater flowing on the surface of the soil 10, and an infiltration area 30 located around the storage area 20 in a plan view of the soil 10 where rainwater overflowing from the storage area 20 flows in to allow the incoming rainwater to infiltrate into the soil 10.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a planting base. [Background technology]

[0002] In recent years, in cities, due to concrete paving and frequent heavy rainfall, rainwater flows out of the site as surface drainage, exceeding the capacity of drainage channels such as rivers or sewers, and there are concerns that this could lead to river pollution and flooding due to sewage flowing into the river. In response to this, a configuration in which an infiltration drainage section that allows rainwater to infiltrate into the ground is placed in the ground is known as a technology that can prevent rainwater from flowing out of the site (for example, see Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2018-150777 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In the technology described in Patent Document 1, there is a possibility that the infiltration drainage section may become clogged due to suspended solids contained in the rainwater flowing through the ground. In this case, it becomes difficult for the rainwater to infiltrate sufficiently into the ground, and the rainwater may flow out of the site as surface drainage.

[0005] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above, and has an object to prevent rainwater from flowing outside the site as surface drainage. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The planting base of the present invention comprises soil in which plants can be placed, a storage area provided in a part of the soil and capable of storing rainwater flowing over the surface of the soil, and an infiltration area located in the soil around the storage area in a plan view at a position into which rainwater overflowing from the storage area flows, allowing the inflowing rainwater to infiltrate into the soil. Effect of the Invention

[0007] The planting base of the present invention has the effect of preventing rainwater from flowing out of the site as surface drainage. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an example of a planting base according to this embodiment. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a planting base. [Diagram 3] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of a planting base. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a cross-sectional configuration of the permeation region. [Diagram 5] FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another example of the cross-sectional configuration of the permeation region. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a diagram showing another example of the cross-sectional configuration of the permeation region. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a diagram showing another example of the cross-sectional configuration of the permeation region. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a diagram showing how rainwater flows through a planting base. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a planting base according to a modified example. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a planting base according to a modified example. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a configuration along the cross section BB of FIG. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a planting base according to a modified example. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a planting base according to a modified example. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0009] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the planting base according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. In addition, the components in the following embodiments include those that are replaceable and easy for a person skilled in the art, or those that are substantially the same.

[0010] Fig. 1 is a plan view showing an example of a planting base 100 according to this embodiment. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the planting base 100. Fig. 2 shows a configuration along the AA cross section in Fig. 1.

[0011] 1 and 2, the planting base 100 has soil 10, a storage area 20, and a permeation area 30. The planting base 100 can be installed in facilities such as office buildings, commercial facilities, and educational facilities in cities.

[0012] Plants can be placed in the soil 10. Examples of soil constituting the soil 10 include decomposed granite soil, sand, Kanuma soil, and Kanto loam. The soil 10 is provided in a predetermined area on the site of the facility. The soil 10 is partitioned into, for example, a circular shape in a plan view. Note that the shape of the soil 10 in a plan view is not limited to a circular shape, and may be another shape.

[0013] The storage area 20 is provided in a part of the soil 10, and is capable of storing rainwater flowing over the surface of the soil 10. The storage area 20 may have a configuration in which, for example, a recess is formed in the soil 10, and a water infiltration suppression layer such as a waterproof sheet or clay is formed at the bottom of the recess. The storage area 20 is disposed at a lower position in the soil 10 than the infiltration area 30. More specifically, the bottom 20a of the storage area 20 is disposed at a lower position than the surface 30a of the infiltration area 30. This configuration makes it easier for rainwater flowing over the surface of the soil 10 to collect in the storage area 20.

[0014] The infiltration area 30 is disposed around the storage area 20 in the soil 10 in a plan view, at a position where rainwater overflowing from the storage area 20 flows in. The infiltration area 30 infiltrates the inflowing rainwater into the soil 10. The infiltration area 30 is provided in a ring shape (for example, a circular ring shape) centered on the storage area 20 in a plan view. In FIG. 1, the infiltration area 30 is configured to be separated in the circumferential direction, but is not limited to this, and may be configured to be continuous in the circumferential direction. In addition, the infiltration area 30 is not limited to a circular ring shape, and may be a polygonal ring shape such as a rectangle or a triangle, an elliptical ring, or a combination of these. In addition, the infiltration area 30 may be provided in multiple stages toward the outside in the radial direction centered on the storage area 20.

[0015] In this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, the soil 10 is formed so that its height gradually decreases from the outer peripheral region 13 outside the infiltration region 30 toward the storage region 20. With this configuration, rainwater on the surface of the soil 10 flows toward the storage region 20 located at a lower position of the soil 10, making it easy for the rainwater to accumulate in the storage region 20. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the soil 10 has a shape in which the outer peripheral region 13 slopes downward toward the infiltration region 30. With this shape, momentum is created in the flow of the rainwater, so that suspended matter contained in the rainwater is prevented from falling into the infiltration region 30, and the suspended matter is easily carried to the storage region 20 by the flow of the rainwater.

[0016] In the soil 10 shown in Fig. 2, the inner perimeter region 14 inside the infiltration region 30 is formed horizontally or nearly horizontally, but is not limited to this. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the planting base 100. As shown in Fig. 3, the soil 10 may have a shape in which the inner perimeter region 14 is inclined downward toward the storage region 20. This configuration allows rainwater to flow more easily into the storage region 20.

[0017] Fig. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a cross-sectional configuration of the permeation area 30. As shown in Fig. 4, the permeation area 30 is configured of multiple layers having, for example, a planting soil layer 31, a promotion layer 32, a drainage layer 33, and a permeation layer 34. The planting soil layer 31, the promotion layer 32, and the drainage layer 33 are stacked one on top of the other to form a multi-layer structure 36.

[0018] The planting soil layer 31 is the uppermost layer of the multi-layer structure 36, and its surface is continuous with the surface of the soil 10. The surface of the planting soil layer 31 faces the atmosphere. Plants 35 are planted in the planting soil layer 31. The plants 35 planted in the planting soil layer 31 are not particularly limited as long as they are plant species that live in a variety of growing environments (from wetlands to drylands).

[0019] The plants 35 may be ground cover plants, shrubs, medium-sized trees, tall trees, etc., taking into consideration the amount, shape, and depth of the roots. The depth of the planting soil layer 31 is adjusted depending on the plants 35 to be planted. The planting soil layer 31 may contain fertilizer components so as to provide a soil environment for the growth of the plants 35.

[0020] For example, plants 35 having leaves growing from the base of the plant may be arranged in the boundary portion of the planted soil layer 31 with the soil 10. The plants 35 can dam suspended solids that attempt to flow into the infiltration area 30. Examples of such plants 35 include irises and Japanese irises.

[0021] The planting soil layer 31 is formed of a material different from the soil 10. The planting soil layer 31 includes, for example, black soil and silt. The planting soil layer 31 may be formed, for example, mainly of black soil, Akadama soil, Kanuma soil, Masa soil, leaf mold, compost, peat moss, vermiculite, smoked charcoal, perlite, coco peat, zeolite, bark, artificial culture soil, by-product materials, recycled materials, etc. In this embodiment, the planting soil layer 31 is formed so that the particle size of the main soil particles is non-uniform, that is, a so-called granular structure. As a result, since clumps of soil particles with non-uniform particle sizes are mixed together, multiple gaps are generated between the clumps. As a result, the planting soil layer 31 has improved breathability and drainage, and is easy for microorganisms to grow, allowing the plant 35 to grow appropriately. The planting soil layer 31 may contain 20 g / kg or more of humus.

[0022] The promotion layer 32 is disposed between the planting soil layer 31 and the soil 10. That is, the promotion layer 32 is disposed below the planting soil layer 31 and above the soil 10. The promotion layer 32 is a layer for promoting drainage from the planting soil layer 31 to the soil 10. The promotion layer 32 is formed of a material different from the soil 10 and the planting soil layer 31. The promotion layer 32 is formed mainly of fine sand, for example. The promotion layer 32 may be formed mainly of black soil, akadama soil, Kanuma soil, Masa soil, leaf mold, compost, peat moss, vermiculite, smoked charcoal, perlite, coco peat, zeolite, bark, artificial culture soil, by-product materials, recycled materials, etc.

[0023] The drainage layer 33 is disposed between the promotion layer 32 and the soil 10. That is, the drainage layer 33 is disposed below the promotion layer 32 and above the soil 10. Therefore, in the multi-layer structure 36, the drainage layer 33 is laminated on the soil 10, the promotion layer 32 is laminated on the drainage layer 33, and the planting soil layer 31 is laminated on the promotion layer 32. The drainage layer 33 is a layer for further promoting drainage from the planting soil layer 31 and the promotion layer 32 to the soil 10. The drainage layer 33 is formed of a material different from the soil 10, the planting soil layer 31, and the promotion layer 32. The drainage layer 33 is formed, for example, mainly of gravel. The drainage layer 33 may be formed, for example, mainly of sand, gravel, crushed stone, clinker, lightweight aerated concrete, stabilized roadbed material, moldings, fired products, etc.

[0024] The permeation layer 34 forms a side wall surrounding the multi-layer structure 36. As shown in FIG. 3, the permeation layer 34 covers the sides of the planting soil layer 31, the promotion layer 32, and the drainage layer 33, and supports the planting soil layer 31, the promotion layer 32, and the drainage layer 33 from the sides. The permeation layer 34 may cover the bottom surface of the drainage layer 33. The permeation layer 34 is mainly formed of fine sand, for example. The permeation layer 34 may be mainly formed of black soil, Akadama soil, Kanuma soil, Masa soil, leaf mold, compost, peat moss, vermiculite, smoked charcoal, perlite, coco peat, zeolite, bark, highly water-absorbent resin, artificial culture soil, by-product materials, recycled materials, etc. In this embodiment, the permeation layer 34 is preferably formed so that the particle size of the main soil particles is uniform, at least compared to the planting soil layer 31, similar to the promotion layer 32.

[0025] The permeation layer 34 is covered with a water-permeable member. The water-permeable member is, for example, a water-permeable sheet such as a nonwoven fabric. The permeation layer 34 may be formed by stacking a plurality of sandbags filled with soil particles such as fine sand inside the water-permeable member. This makes it possible to easily form the permeation layer 34. In addition, the shape of the permeation layer 34 can be stably maintained, and thus the planting soil layer 31, the promotion layer 32, and the drainage layer 33 can be stably supported.

[0026] The permeation area 30 is not limited to the above-mentioned configuration. Fig. 5 to Fig. 7 are diagrams showing other examples of the cross-sectional configuration of the permeation area 30. As shown in Fig. 5, the permeation area 30 may be configured without the drainage layer 33. In other words, the permeation area 30 may be configured such that the multi-layer structure 36 is formed from the planting soil layer 31 and the promotion layer 32. In this case, plants 35 can be placed in the planting soil layer 31 in the same manner as above.

[0027] 6, the permeation area 30 may be configured without the planting soil layer 31. In other words, the permeation area 30 may be configured with a multi-layer structure 36 formed from a promotion layer 32 and a drainage layer 33. In this case, no plants are placed on the surface of the permeation area 30.

[0028] 7, the permeation area 30 may have a multi-layer structure 36 in which the planting soil layer 31, the drainage layer 33, and the promotion layer 32 are arranged in this order from the top. In other words, the permeation area 30 may have the promotion layer 32 and the drainage layer 33 arranged in the up-down reversed order. In this case, plants 35 can be arranged in the planting soil layer 31 in the same manner as above.

[0029] In addition, the permeation region 30 shown in FIG. 4 or the permeation region 30 shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 may have a configuration in which the permeation layer 34 is not provided.

[0030] FIG. 8 is a diagram showing how rainwater flows in the planting base 100. In the planting base 100 configured as described above, when it rains, for example, rainwater Q flows on the surface of the soil 10 as shown in FIG. 8. This rainwater Q flows over the surface of the soil 10 while containing suspended solids such as fine particles on the surface of the soil 10, and flows into the storage area 20 (FIG. 8: ST1). The rainwater Q that flows into the storage area 20 is stored in the storage area 20 together with the suspended solids. In the storage area 20, the water level of the rainwater Q rises over time, and the suspended solids R contained in the rainwater Q settle (FIG. 8: ST2).

[0031] When the water level of the rainwater Q exceeds the storage area 20, the rainwater Q overflows from the storage area 20. The rainwater Q overflowing from the storage area 20 flows into the infiltration area 30 arranged around the storage area 20 (FIG. 8: ST3). The rainwater Q flowing into the infiltration area 30 infiltrates into the soil 10 via the infiltration area 30. The rainwater Q overflowing from the storage area 20 and flowing into the infiltration area 30 contains a small amount of suspended solids and is in a supernatant state, so to speak. Therefore, clogging due to suspended solids is suppressed in the infiltration area 30, and the rainwater Q is allowed to infiltrate sufficiently into the soil 10.

[0032] As described above, the planting base 100 of this embodiment comprises soil 10 in which plants can be placed, a storage area 20 provided in a part of the soil 10 and capable of storing rainwater flowing over the surface of the soil 10, and an infiltration area 30 located around the storage area 20 in a planar view of the soil 10 at a position where rainwater overflowing from the storage area 20 flows in, and which allows the inflowing rainwater to infiltrate into the soil 10.

[0033] With this configuration, rainwater flowing on the surface of soil 10 is stored in storage area 20 together with suspended solids, and the suspended solids settle in storage area 20. Therefore, when rainwater overflowing from storage area 20 flows into infiltration area 30, suspended solids can be prevented from flowing into infiltration area 30. Therefore, clogging of infiltration area 30 with suspended solids can be prevented, and rainwater can be sufficiently infiltrated into soil 10. This makes it possible to prevent rainwater from flowing out of the site as surface drainage.

[0034] In the planting base 100 according to this embodiment, the infiltration area 30 is provided in a ring shape centered on the storage area 20 in a plan view. With this configuration, rainwater overflowing from the storage area 20 can be efficiently directed into the infiltration area 30.

[0035] In the planting base 100 according to this embodiment, the soil 10 is formed so that its height gradually decreases from the area outside the infiltration area 30 toward the storage area 20. With this configuration, rainwater flowing over the surface of the soil 10 can be efficiently directed into the storage area 20.

[0036] In the planting base 100 according to this embodiment, the storage area 20 is disposed at a lower position than the infiltration area 30. With this configuration, the suspended solids contained in the soil 10 can be stored at a lower position, and the inflow of the suspended solids into the infiltration area 30 can be efficiently prevented.

[0037] In the planting base 100 according to this embodiment, plants 35 having leaves growing from the base are arranged in the permeation area 30 at the boundary with the soil 10. With this configuration, suspended solids attempting to flow into the permeation area 30 can be blocked by the leaves of the plants 35. This makes it possible to prevent suspended solids from flowing into the permeation area 30.

[0038] The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and appropriate modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0039] Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a planting base 100A according to a modified example. In the planting base 100A shown in Fig. 9, the soil 10A has a bank portion 11. The bank portion 11 is disposed between the storage area 20 and the infiltration area 30, and is configured to protrude upward from the surface 30a of the infiltration area 30. In the example shown in Fig. 9, the bottom portion 20a of the storage area 20 is disposed at a position lower than the surface 30a of the infiltration area 30.

[0040] By providing the bank portion 11 in the soil 10A, a larger amount of rainwater can be stored in the storage area 20 compared to a configuration without the bank portion 11. Therefore, a larger amount of suspended solids contained in the rainwater can be allowed to settle in the storage area 20. This makes it possible to more reliably prevent suspended solids from flowing into the infiltration area 30.

[0041] Fig. 10 is a plan view showing a planting base 100B according to a modified example. Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing the planting base 100B according to a modified example, showing the configuration along the cross section BB in Fig. 10. In the planting base 100B shown in Figs. 10 and 11, the soil 10B has a water conduit 12. The water conduit 12 is formed, for example, in the shape of a groove on the surface of the soil 10B. The water conduit 12 guides rainwater flowing on the surface of the soil 10B to the storage area 20.

[0042] As shown in FIG. 10, the water conduit 12 is formed in a radial direction with the storage area 20 as the center in a plan view, for example. The water conduit 12 is provided so as to cross the infiltration area 30. With this configuration, rainwater flowing on the surface of the soil 10B can be efficiently made to flow into the storage area 20. Also, as shown in FIG. 11, the water conduit 12 is disposed at a position lower than the infiltration area 30, for example. With this configuration, it is possible to prevent rainwater flowing on the surface of the soil 10B from directly flowing into the infiltration area 30. In addition, in order to prevent rainwater from directly flowing into the infiltration area 30, for example, a prevention layer that prevents infiltration of rainwater may be formed on at least one of the outer side and the lateral side of the infiltration area 30 in the radial direction with the storage area 20 of FIG. 10 as the center.

[0043] In this way, by providing the water conduit 12 in the soil 10B, it is possible to efficiently guide the rainwater Q flowing on the surface of the soil 10 to the storage area 20 while preventing the rainwater Q from infiltrating into the infiltration area 30. In addition, by locating the water conduit 12 at a position lower than the infiltration area 30, it is possible to more reliably prevent the rainwater flowing on the surface of the soil 10 from flowing into the infiltration area 30.

[0044] In the above embodiment, the soil 10 is formed so that its height gradually decreases from the outer region of the permeation region 30 toward the storage region 20, but the present invention is not limited to this. ... addition, in the above embodiment, the soil 10 is formed so that its height gradually decreases from the outer region of the permeation region 30 toward the storage region 20, but the present invention is not limited to this.

[0045] FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a planting base 100C according to a modified example. As shown in FIG. 12, the soil 10C may be configured so that its height decreases from the storage area 20 side toward the permeation area 30 side. That is, the storage area 20 may be disposed at a higher position than the permeation area 30. In other words, the permeation area 30 may be disposed at a lower position than the storage area 20. In the example shown in FIG. 12, the surface 30a of the permeation area 30 is disposed at a lower position than the bottom 20a of the storage area 20. This configuration allows rainwater overflowing from the storage area 20 to flow efficiently into the permeation area 30.

[0046] Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a planting base 100D according to a modified example. As shown in Fig. 13, in a configuration in which the height of the soil 10D decreases from the storage area 20 side to the permeation area 30 side, the area of ​​the permeation area 30 may be made larger than that of the storage area 20. In the example shown in Fig. 13, the surface 30a of the permeation area 30 is located at a position lower than the bottom 20a of the storage area 20. With this configuration, the amount of rainwater that permeates the permeation area 30 per unit time can be increased. Therefore, the ability of the permeation area 30 to permeate rainwater into the soil can be fully utilized.

[0047] The configurations of the planting bases 100A to 100D according to the modified examples shown in Fig. 9 to Fig. 13 can be appropriately combined. For example, the configuration of the water channel 12 of the planting base 100B shown in Fig. 10 and Fig. 11 can be combined with the configuration of the bank 11 provided in the planting base 100A shown in Fig. 9, the planting base 100C shown in Fig. 12, or the planting base 100D shown in Fig. 13. [Explanation of symbols]

[0048] 10, 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D Soil 11 Bank 12 Waterway 13 Outer area 14 Inner Circumference 20 Storage Area 20a bottom 30 penetration area 30a surface 31 Planting soil layer 32 Facilitation layer 33 Drainage layer 34 Penetration layer 35 plants 36 Multilayer structure part 100, 100A, 100B, 100C, 100D Planting base Q Rainwater R Suspension

Claims

1. soil into which plants can be placed; A storage area provided in a part of the soil and capable of storing rainwater flowing on the surface of the soil; an infiltration area that is disposed in the soil around the storage area in a plan view at a position where rainwater overflowing from the storage area flows in, and that allows the rainwater overflowing and flowing in from the storage area to infiltrate into the soil; A planting base equipped with.

2. The soil has a bank portion between the storage area and the infiltration area that protrudes above an upper surface of the infiltration area.

2. The planting base according to claim 1.

3. The soil has a water channel that guides rainwater flowing on the surface of the soil to the storage area. The planting base according to claim 1 or 2.

4. The water conduit is disposed at a position lower than the infiltration area. The planting base according to claim 3.

5. The permeation region is provided in a ring shape with the storage region as a center in a plan view. The planting base according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. The soil is formed so that the height gradually decreases from the area outside the infiltration area toward the retention area.

6. The planting base according to claim 5.

7. The bottom of the storage area is located lower than the surface of the permeation area. The planting base according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The bottom of the storage area is positioned higher than the surface of the permeation area. The planting base according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. The infiltration area is a region in which plants having leaves growing from the base are arranged at the boundary with the soil. A planting base according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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