Exterior wall panels

Abstract

To provide an exterior wall panel which can be easily produced without increasing a plate thickness of lightweight cellular concrete and has excellent fire resistance.SOLUTION: An exterior wall panel 1 comprises: a plate-shaped concrete panel 2; a hat-shaped steel 3 embedded in the concrete panel 2 and having a bottom plate 31 of a groove protruding from a back surface 2a of the concrete panel 2 to an indoor side; a flexible fiber-based coating material 7 for covering the back surface 2a of the concrete panel 2 and a portion of the hat-shaped steel 3 exposed to the indoor side; and a fixing metal fittings 8 for fixing the fiber-based covering material 7 to the bottom plate 31 from the indoor side.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an exterior wall panel having a fiber-based covering material fixed to a plate-shaped concrete panel. [Background technology]

[0002] In general, exterior wall panels with fire resistance made of lightweight aerated concrete panels are often made by increasing the thickness of the lightweight aerated concrete to increase the amount of reinforcing wire mesh or reinforcing bars embedded inside, or by fixing reinforcing frame materials to the back side of the exterior wall panel. However, these methods have low production efficiency because the arrangement of the wire mesh or reinforcing bars is complicated and fixing the reinforcing frame materials is time-consuming. Furthermore, the weight of the exterior wall panel itself increases, which reduces workability and has a detrimental effect on the structural calculations of the building itself. Therefore, inventions have been proposed that improve the fire resistance of exterior wall panels without changing the thickness or internal structure of the lightweight aerated concrete (for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).

[0003] The invention in Patent Document 1 describes a fire-resistant wall structure using lightweight aerated concrete panels as exterior wall materials, in which a felt-like heat insulating material is installed on the back side of the exterior wall material, and a similarly felt-like fire-resistant covering material is fixed to a pair of pillar materials located on the indoor side of the exterior wall material and connected to each other by a lattice material. In this invention, the heat insulating material is abutted against the exterior wall material, and the fire-resistant covering material is stud-welded to each pillar material using a welding pin, thereby improving the fire resistance of the exterior wall material.

[0004] The invention in Patent Document 2 discloses that a paint containing a component that absorbs or reflects radiant heat is applied to the surface of a lightweight aerated concrete panel used as an exterior wall material. The coating film formed by this paint can reduce the heat transmitted to the back side of the lightweight aerated concrete when the surface of the lightweight aerated concrete is heated. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] JP 2019-31807 A [Patent Document 2] JP 2016-27238 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] However, in the structure described in Patent Document 1, the fireproof coating material is stud-welded only to the steel pillar material, and the insulation material is simply attached to the exterior wall material, which is lightweight aerated concrete. In addition, a specific method for fixing the insulation material is not described, and there is a possibility that it will easily peel off if the exterior wall material moves due to vibration. And while the lightweight aerated concrete described in Patent Document 2 has a simple structure, it is complicated to manage the amount of coating and the thickness of the coating, and there is a risk that the fireproof performance will easily decrease if the coating surface is damaged due to deterioration over time when used as an exterior wall material.

[0007] Therefore, the present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide an exterior wall panel using lightweight aerated concrete, which can be easily produced without increasing the thickness of the lightweight aerated concrete plate, and which has excellent fire resistance. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] The first exterior wall panel of the present invention is characterized by comprising a plate-shaped concrete panel, a hat-shaped steel embedded in the concrete panel with a groove bottom plate protruding from the back surface of the concrete panel to the indoor side, a flexible fiber-based covering material covering the back surface of the concrete panel and the exposed part of the hat-shaped steel to the indoor side, and fixing metal fittings for fixing the fiber-based covering material to the bottom plate from the indoor side.

[0009] The second exterior wall panel of the present invention is characterized in that the bottom plate of the hat-shaped steel is spaced from the back surface of the concrete panel, and the fixing metal fittings include a clamping metal fitting that presses the fiber-based coating material from the indoor side, and a fastener that is driven from the indoor side of the clamping metal fitting toward the bottom plate to fix the fiber-based coating material to the bottom plate.

[0010] The third exterior wall panel of the present invention is characterized in that it comprises an insert nut that is arranged between a pair of side panels of the groove and embedded in the concrete panel, with one axial end protruding from the back surface of the concrete panel to the indoor side, and a bolt that passes through the bottom plate from the outdoor side of the fiber-based covering material and from the indoor side of the bottom plate and is screwed into the insert nut.

[0011] A fourth exterior wall panel of the present invention is characterized in that the hat-shaped steel is installed at each of both horizontal ends of the concrete panel and extends vertically.

[0012] The fifth exterior wall panel of the present invention is equipped with a locking fitting having a plate-shaped fixing portion fixed to the indoor surface of the bottom plate and to the upper or lower end of the bottom plate, and a locking portion that engages with a receiving fitting fixed to a steel beam material supporting the upper or lower end of the concrete panel, the insert nut being positioned at least at the upper and lower ends of the concrete panel, and the fixing portion being inserted by the bolt that is screwed into the insert nut located at the upper or lower end of the concrete panel, and fixed to the bottom plate. Effect of the Invention

[0013] According to the first exterior wall panel of the present invention, the bottom plate of the hat-shaped steel protrudes from the back surface of the concrete panel toward the indoor side, and the fiber-based covering material covering the back surface of the concrete panel and the exposed portion of the hat-shaped steel toward the indoor side is fixed to the bottom plate from the indoor side by a fixing metal fitting. Therefore, by covering the back surface of the concrete panel with a fiber-based covering material such as rock wool, which has excellent fire resistance, the fire resistance of the exterior wall panel can be improved without increasing the thickness of the concrete panel, and the production efficiency of the exterior wall panel can be improved. Furthermore, since the fiber-based covering material is not only abutted against the concrete panel but also fixed to the bottom plate by a fixing metal fitting, it is possible to prevent the fiber-based covering material from peeling off due to vibration of the concrete panel.

[0014] According to the second exterior wall panel of the present invention, the bottom plate is spaced from the rear surface of the concrete panel, and the fiber-based covering material is fixed to the bottom plate by a fastener driven from the indoor side toward the bottom plate. Therefore, there is no need to use special dedicated tools such as welding pins or welding machines to fix the fiber-based covering material to the bottom plate, and the production efficiency of the exterior wall panel can be improved.

[0015] According to the third exterior wall panel of the present invention, an insert nut is disposed between a pair of side plates of the groove and embedded in the concrete panel, one end in the axial direction of the insert nut protrudes from the rear surface of the concrete panel toward the indoor side, and a bolt is inserted through the bottom plate from the outdoor side of the fiber-based covering material and the indoor side of the bottom plate and screwed into the insert nut. Therefore, it is possible to effectively prevent the bending and behavior of the bottom plate, and to stably fix the fiber-based covering material to the bottom plate.

[0016] According to a fourth exterior wall panel of the present invention, hat-shaped steel is installed at each of both horizontal ends of the concrete panel and extends vertically, thereby effectively reinforcing the strength of the concrete panel and providing an exterior wall panel with excellent wind resistance.

[0017] According to the fifth exterior wall panel of the present invention, the locking portion of the locking metal fitting is locked to a receiving metal fitting fixed to a steel beam supporting the upper or lower end of the concrete panel, so that the concrete panel can be installed on the steel beam. The fixing portion is inserted by a bolt screwed into an insert nut located at the upper or lower end of the concrete panel, and is fixed to the bottom plate. Therefore, the insert nut can be used not only to prevent the bottom plate from bending, but also when installing the exterior wall panel on the steel beam, improving convenience. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0018] [Figure 1] A cross-sectional view showing the exterior wall panel installed on the steel beams. [Diagram 2] A rear view of the exterior wall panel with some parts omitted. [Diagram 3] FIG. [Figure 4] Cross-sectional view of the AA line in Figure 2. [Diagram 5] 3 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 2 taken along line BB. [Figure 6] Cross-sectional view of line CC in Figure 2. [Figure 7] 4A and 4B are side and front views showing a locking fitting. [Figure 8] FIG. [Figure 9] Enlarged view of part D in Figure 1. [Figure 10] A cross-sectional view showing the state in which fire-resistant covering material is fixed to a steel beam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0019] The best embodiment of the exterior wall panel of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The exterior wall panel of the present application is a curtain wall used mainly in buildings with steel frame rigid frame structures, and is used when high fire resistance is required. The "fixing device" in the present invention corresponds to the "screw 82" in this embodiment.

[0020] The exterior wall panel 1 shown in Figures 1 to 4 is an exterior wall material installed on steel beam material X that constitutes the building body S, and includes a plate-shaped concrete panel 2, a hat-shaped steel 3 embedded in the concrete panel 2 with a bottom plate 31 of a groove 3a protruding from the back surface 2a of the concrete panel 2 toward the indoor side, an insert nut 4 embedded in the concrete panel 2 and placed in the groove 3a of the hat-shaped steel 3, a locking metal fitting 5 fixed to the hat-shaped steel 3 and locking the exterior wall panel 1 to the steel beam material X, a bolt 6 screwed into the insert nut 4, a fiber-based covering material 7 that covers the back surface 2a of the concrete panel 2 and the portion of the hat-shaped steel 3 exposed toward the indoor side, and a fixing metal fitting 8 that fixes the fiber-based covering material 7 to the hat-shaped steel 3.

[0021] As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the concrete panel 2 has a main body 21 made of lightweight aerated concrete molded to a uniform thickness, and a welded wire mesh 22 embedded inside the main body 21 to reinforce the strength of the main body 21. The main body 21 is a part that constitutes the exterior wall surface of the building, and a decorative finish is applied to the surface 2b. The welded wire mesh 22 is made by welding a plurality of vertical and horizontal wires made of iron wire into a lattice shape, and is located approximately in the horizontal center of the main body 21 and extends in the in-plane direction of the main body 21.

[0022] The dimensions of the concrete panel 2 are determined by the floor height and plan shape of the building body S on which the exterior wall panel 1 is installed, but for example, it can be formed with a width of about 100mm to 1200mm, a height of about 2000mm to 3500mm, and a plate thickness of about 45mm. On the other hand, the welded wire mesh 22 is a wire mesh with both vertical and horizontal meshes of about 50mm, and the covering thickness from the upper and lower edges or each horizontal edge of the main body 21 is about 15mm to 30mm.

[0023] The hat-shaped steel 3 shown in Fig. 2 to Fig. 4 is a shaped steel embedded in the main body 21 of the concrete panel 2 and extending in the vertical direction, and has a bottom plate 31 forming a groove 3a, a pair of side plates 32, and a pair of slats 33 extending from the outdoor-side edges of the pair of side plates 32 in a direction perpendicular to the pair of side plates 32 and in a direction opposite to the groove 3a. As shown in the figures, the hat-shaped steel 3 is disposed on the indoor side of the welded wire mesh 22, and is integrated with the concrete panel 2 by welding and fixing the pair of slats 33 to the welded wire mesh 22. The bottom plate 31 protrudes from the back surface 2a of the concrete panel 2 toward the indoor side and is spaced from the back surface 2a, and has a bolt hole 31a through which the bolt 6 is inserted at a position that coincides with the axis of the insert nut 4.

[0024] The dimensions of the hat steel 3 are not particularly limited, but for example, it is preferable that the width of the bottom plate 31 is about 65 mm, the width of each side plate 32 is about 40 mm, and the width of each slat 33 is about 20 mm, and the distance L1 from the back surface 2a to the indoor surface 31b of the bottom plate 31 is preferably about 15 mm to 18 mm or less. As shown in the figure, the hat steel 3 is disposed at each of both horizontal ends 2c of one concrete panel 2, and the distance from each horizontal edge of the concrete panel 2 to the horizontal center of each hat steel 3 is about 100 mm to 150 mm. By disposing the hat steel 3 in this way, the strength of the concrete panel 2 can be reinforced, and the exterior wall panel 1 can be made excellent in wind resistance.

[0025] The insert nut 4 shown in Figures 3 and 4 is a member screwed onto a bolt 6 that passes through the bottom plate 31 of the hat steel 3, and is embedded in the main body 21 with its axial direction facing outward from the surface of the concrete panel 2, with one end 4a in the axial direction protruding from the back surface 2a of the concrete panel 2 to the indoor side. The insert nut 4 is also disposed between a pair of side plates 32 of the hat steel 3, with the tip of the one end 4a abutting against the bottom plate 31 of the hat steel 3. Plate-shaped spring steel 9 is welded between the insert nut 4 and each side plate 32 to hold the insert nut 4 from falling before the lightweight aerated concrete of the main body 21 is poured.

[0026] As shown in FIG. 3, the insert nuts 4 are arranged at the upper end 2d, the lower end 2e, and the approximate center in the height direction of the concrete panel 2, and by screwing the bolts 6 into each insert nut 4, it is possible to prevent the hat-shaped steel 3 from being displaced due to its deflection or behavior. The insert nuts 4 located at the upper end 2d and the lower end 2e are installed at positions determined by the steel beam material X shown in FIG. 9, and the distance L2 from the axis of the insert nut 4 located at the upper end 2d to the lower end Xa of the steel beam material X can be set to about 50 mm to 150 mm, and the distance L3 from the axis of the insert nut 4 located at the lower end 2e to the upper end Xb of the steel beam material X can be set to about 50 mm to 150 mm. The concrete panel 2 is formed by pouring lightweight aerated concrete with the hat-shaped steel 3 and the insert nuts 4 arranged in predetermined positions.

[0027] The locking fitting 5 shown in Figures 6, 7, and 9 is a member formed by bending a plate material, and is fixed to the bottom plate 31 by a bolt 6 screwed into an insert nut 4 located at the upper end 2d or the lower end 2e of the concrete panel 2. The locking fitting 5 has a plate-shaped fixing part 51 fixed to the indoor surface 31b of the bottom plate 31 and to the upper end 31c or the lower end 31d of the bottom plate 31, and a locking part 52 formed by bending one end of the fixing part 51 in the vertical direction into a groove shape and locking with a receiving fitting Y fixed to a steel beam X. The fixing part 51 has a long hole 51a extending vertically formed in approximately the center in the width direction, and the bolt 6 can be inserted into this long hole 51a. In addition, the locking fitting 5 arranged at the upper end 31c of the bottom plate 31 is fixed to the bottom plate 31 with the locking portion 52 facing upward, and conversely, the locking fitting 5 arranged at the lower end 31d of the bottom plate 31 is fixed to the bottom plate 31 with the locking portion 52 facing downward.

[0028] The bolts 6 shown in Figs. 4 and 6 are inserted through the bottom plate 31 or the fixing portion 51 of the locking fitting 5 and the bottom plate 31 from the indoor side before the fiber-based covering material 7 is installed on the bottom plate 31, and are screwed into each insert nut 4. On the other hand, the fiber-based covering material 7 is a member fixed to the bottom plate 31 after the bolts 6 and the locking fitting 5 are installed, and covers the entire exposed indoor side of the back surface 2a of the concrete panel 2 and the hat steel 3, except for a part of the upper end and lower end of the exterior wall panel 1, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The material of the fiber-based covering material 7 is felt-like rock wool, which is mainly composed of silicon dioxide and calcium oxide and has high fire resistance, or glass wool made of glass fiber, which has excellent heat insulation performance, and is used depending on the performance required for the exterior wall panel 1, but in any case, it has flexibility that allows it to be easily bent and can be closely attached to the member to be installed. The thickness of the fiber-based coating material 7 will vary depending on the required performance and the area where it is used; for example, if an exterior wall panel 1 is to have a fire resistance of one hour, a fiber-based coating material 7 using rock wool 20 mm thick can be used for a concrete panel 2 with a plate thickness of 55 mm.

[0029] The fixing metal fitting 8 shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 8 is a metal fitting for fixing the fiber-based covering material 7 to the bottom plate 31 from the indoor side, and includes a pressing metal fitting 81 for pressing the fiber-based covering material 7 from the indoor side, and a screw 82 that is driven from the indoor side of the pressing metal fitting 81 toward the bottom plate 31 to fix the fiber-based covering material 7 to the bottom plate 31. As shown in the figures, the pressing metal fitting 81 is composed of a slightly elongated plate-like plate portion 81a and a plurality of pressing portions 81c that protrude from the longitudinal ends of both end edges 81b in the short direction of the plate portion 81a in a direction perpendicular to the plate portion 81a and press the fiber-based covering material 7. The plate portion 81a has a screw hole 81d formed in the center of the plate surface through which the screw 82 is inserted, and four openings 81e formed around the screw hole 81d, and the provision of these openings 81e can reduce heat generated by the pressing metal fitting 81 in the event of a fire. The distance L4 between adjacent clamping fittings 81c in the longitudinal direction is set to a distance that allows the hat steel 3 exposed to the indoor side to be covered with a fiber-based covering material 7 and the covered portion to be spanned.

[0030] When fixing the fiber-based covering material 7 with the fixing bracket 8, after the fiber-based covering material 7 is placed in a predetermined position, the plate portion 81a and the pressing portion 81c of the pressing bracket 81 are brought into contact with the fiber-based covering material 7 covering the bottom plate 31, and the screw 82 is driven into the screw hole 81d from the indoor side to penetrate and fix the fiber-based covering material 7 to the bottom plate 31. In this way, the fiber-based covering material 7 can be fixed to the bottom plate 31 simply by fixing with a screw without using a special construction method or dedicated tool, thereby improving the production efficiency of the exterior wall panel. Note that, although the screw 82 is used to fix the fiber-based covering material 7 in this embodiment, for example, a cutout may be formed in the bottom plate 31 in advance, and a metal fitting that fits into the cutout may be driven in from the outdoor side to fix the fiber-based covering material 7.

[0031] The exterior wall panel 1 thus formed is installed at its upper and lower ends on the steel beam X constituting the building body S, as shown in Figs. 1 and 9. The long steel beam X made of H-shaped steel has brackets Y fixed to the upper surface X1a of the upper flange X1 and the lower surface X2a of the lower flange X2, respectively, to receive the upper and lower ends of the exterior wall panel 1. The brackets Y are made of a flat steel plate Y1 and a C-shaped steel Y2 that is installed near the edge of the steel plate Y1 on the outdoor side and extends along the longitudinal direction of the steel beam X, and the steel plate Y1 and the C-shaped steel Y2 are fixed to each other by welding. The C-shaped steel Y2 has a length substantially equal to the width of the exterior wall panel 1, and one side plate Y2b constituting the groove Y2a of the C-shaped steel is welded to the steel plate Y1 with the opening facing the indoor side. The other side plate Y2c is formed shorter in length than the one side plate Y2b, so that the locking portion 52 of the locking fitting 5 described above can be hooked thereon.

[0032] On the other hand, the steel plate Y1 is disposed at both longitudinal ends of the C-shaped steel Y2, and is fixed to the upper flange X1 or the lower flange X2 with bolts Z1 and nuts Z2. The steel plate Y1 fixed to the upper flange X1 has one end on the outdoor side protruding slightly toward the outdoor side beyond the back surface 2a of the concrete panel 2 so as to receive the lower end 2f of the concrete panel 2. The steel plate Y1 fixed to the lower flange X2 has one end on the outdoor side located indoors beyond the back surface 2a of the concrete panel 2.

[0033] When installing the exterior wall panel 1 on the steel beam X, as shown in Fig. 9, it is sufficient to hook the locking portion 52 of the locking fitting 5 located at the upper end 31c of the bottom plate 31 to the other side plate Y2c of the C-shaped steel Y2 located at the lower flange X2, and to hook the locking portion 52 of the locking fitting 5 located at the lower end 31d of the bottom plate 31 to the other side plate Y2c of the C-shaped steel Y2 located at the upper flange X1. As shown in Fig. 10, the part of the steel beam X exposed to the indoor side and the exposed part between the lower flange X2 and the fiber-based coating material 7 are covered with a fire-resistant coating material 10 made of rock wool, and the gap between the floor slab F and the exterior wall panel 1 is filled with the fire-resistant coating material 10 and mortar material F1.

[0034] In this way, the exterior wall panel 1 of the present application can improve the fire resistance performance with a simple construction method while suppressing the plate thickness and weight of the concrete panel, so that the production efficiency of the exterior wall panel 1 can be improved. In addition, the exterior wall panel 1 can improve its fire resistance performance by the type of fiber-based covering material 7 combined with it, and can improve its wind resistance performance by the hat-shaped steel 3, so that it can be used in fire prevention areas and semi-fire prevention areas under the Building Standards Act, and on the third floor or higher. In addition, the fiber-based covering material 7 is not only abutted against the concrete panel 2, but is also fixed to the bottom plate 31 by the fixing bracket 8 with a screw, so that it can be prevented from peeling off due to the behavior of the concrete panel 2. Furthermore, the insert nut 4 not only prevents the hat-shaped steel 3 from bending, but can also be used when hanging the exterior wall panel 1 to the steel beam material X, so that convenience can be improved.

[0035] The embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be modified as appropriate without departing from the scope of the concept of the present invention. [Industrial Applicability]

[0036] The truss structure according to the present invention can be suitably used when forming a hipped roof of a wooden building. [Explanation of symbols]

[0037] 1. Exterior wall panels 2. Concrete Panel 2b Back side of concrete panel 2c Both ends of the concrete panel in the width direction 2d Top edge of concrete panel 2e Bottom edge of concrete panel 3 Hat section steel 3a Hat-shaped steel groove 31 Bottom plate 31b Indoor surface of bottom plate 31c Upper end of bottom plate 31d Bottom end of the base plate 32 Side Panel 4 Insert Nut 4a One end of the insert nut in the axial direction 5 Locking fitting 51 Fixed part 52 Locking part 6 Volts 7. Fiber-based covering materials 8 Fixing bracket 81 Clasp 82 Screw (fixing device) X Steel beam Y bracket

Claims

1. A concrete panel and a hat-shaped steel embedded in the concrete panel, the bottom plate of the groove protruding from the back surface of the concrete panel to the indoor side; a flexible fiber-based covering material that covers the rear surface of the concrete panel and the portion of the hat steel that is exposed to the indoor side; and a fastening metal fitting for fastening the fiber-based covering material to the bottom plate from the indoor side.

2. The hat-shaped steel has a bottom plate spaced apart from the rear surface of the concrete panel, The exterior wall panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixing metal fittings include a clamping metal fitting that presses the fiber-based covering material from the indoor side, and a fastener that is driven from the indoor side of the clamping metal fitting toward the bottom plate to fix the fiber-based covering material to the bottom plate.

3. an insert nut disposed between a pair of side plates of the groove and embedded in the concrete panel, with one end in an axial direction protruding from a rear surface of the concrete panel toward the indoor side; 3. The exterior wall panel according to claim 1, further comprising: a bolt that is inserted through the bottom plate from the outdoor side relative to the fiber-based covering material and the indoor side relative to the bottom plate and is screwed into the insert nut.

4. 4. The exterior wall panel according to claim 1, wherein the hat-shaped steel is installed at each of both horizontal ends of the concrete panel and extends vertically.

5. The hat-shaped steel is installed at both ends of the concrete panel in the horizontal direction and extends vertically, The concrete panel is then fitted with a support bracket, which has a plate-shaped fixing portion fixed to the indoor surface of the bottom plate and to the upper end or lower end of the bottom plate, and a locking portion which is engaged with a receiving bracket fixed to a steel beam material supporting the upper end or lower end of the concrete panel; The insert nuts are disposed at least at the upper end and the lower end of the concrete panel; The exterior wall panel according to claim 3, characterized in that the fixing portion is inserted by the bolt that is screwed into the insert nut located at the upper end or lower end of the concrete panel, and is fixed to the bottom plate.

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