Alkaline fermentation treatment method for seaweed-derived waste, fermented liquid fertilizer, and fermented liquid feed

Abstract

To effectively utilize a marine algae-derived waste which has been disposed by low-cost fermentation treatment in a short period to obtain a fermentation liquid fertilizer or a fermentation liquid animal feed.SOLUTION: An alkaline fermentation treatment method of a marine algae-derived waste includes putting a marine algae-derived waste in a dilution water of a thermophilic bacterial group, followed by fermentation decomposition by a standing method in an alkaline area of pH 7-9 by using a strong alkaline material. Also, a fermentation liquid fertilizer or a fermentation liquid animal feed is obtained by the alkaline fermentation treatment method.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an alkaline fermentation treatment method for seaweed-derived waste, a fermented liquid fertilizer, and a fermented liquid. Regarding body feed. [Background technology]

[0002] The thermophilic bacteria group is a symbiotically mixed culture of the thermophilic actinomycete Thermoactinomyces SK053sp.nov. (Agency of the National Institute of Bioscience and Human-Technology, Agency of Industrial Science and Technology, Accession No. FERM P-13598) and the thermophilic cellulose-decomposing bacterium Clostridium thermocellum SK522 (Biotechnology and Life Sciences Research Institute, Accession No. 3459), which have a wide growth pH range and are highly active even in the alkaline range. Here, the thermophilic actinomycete Thermoactinomyces SK 053sp.nov. belongs to the genus Thermoactinomyces, and is a thermophilic actinomycete capable of growing in a temperature range of 10 to 85°C and a wide pH range of 5.3 to 10.8, and having lignin solubilizing ability and cellulose decomposition ability. The thermophilic cellulose-decomposing bacterium, Clostridium thermocellum SK522, belongs to the genus Clostridium, grows in the temperature range of 40 to 80°C and at pH 6 to 9.5, has lignin-solubilizing ability, and is a thermophilic cellulose-decomposing bacterium that actively decomposes cellulose.

[0003] Seaweed-derived waste is rich in minerals, amino acids, vitamins, etc., and there has been hope for its effective use as high-quality feed, fertilizer, etc. However, most seaweed-derived waste has not been effectively utilized to this day due to the fact that it contains more than 87% water, spoils quickly, and is harvested at the same time of year.

[0004] If it is dried and crushed, it can be used as animal feed, but since it contains a lot of moisture, a dedicated plant is required for drying and crushing, and the energy required for the heat source is also a running cost, making it an expensive animal feed, so this has not yet been realized.

[0005] In the past, waste was disposed of by incineration, but because it contains a lot of water and is saltwater, it can damage the furnaces at incineration facilities, so this method has become unpopular. It is also disposed of by landfilling, but either method is very expensive. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Published Patent Publication 2005-74423 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] Effective use of seaweed waste such as wakame and kombu has been considered for some time, but due to their high water content and rapid decomposition, such as putrefaction, at the beginning of processing, there has been no easy way to effectively use them.

[0008] In addition, most seaweeds have limited harvesting seasons, which means that large amounts of seaweed-derived waste are generated in a short period of time and cannot be easily disposed of. This has led to illegal dumping and other social problems.

[0009] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to ferment seaweed-derived waste in a short period of time at low cost, and to effectively utilize the waste by making it into a fermented liquid fertilizer or fermented liquid feed. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] The present inventors have succeeded in making effective use of seaweed-derived waste by fermentation, a technique that has previously been considered difficult, by producing a culture by the alkaline fermentation method described below, and then utilizing the culture as fermented liquid fertilizer or fermented liquid feed.

[0011] The first method of treating seaweed-derived waste is to immerse the seaweed-derived waste in a dilution solution of thermophilic bacteria. Then, using a strong alkaline substance, the pH is adjusted to 7-9. A method for producing seaweed-derived waste, comprising the steps of: Alkali fermentation process.

[0012] The second method for treating seaweed-derived waste is to put the seaweed-derived waste into a dilution water of a thermophilic bacteria group, and furthermore, to produce a seed culture by fermentation decomposition by a static method using a strong alkaline substance in an alkaline region of pH 7 to 9. The alkaline fermentation treatment method for seaweed-derived waste is characterized in that the seaweed-derived waste is put into a dilution water of the seed culture and the thermophilic bacteria group mixture, and furthermore, to produce a culture by fermentation decomposition by a static method using a strong alkaline substance in an alkaline region of pH 7 to 9.

[0013] According to the method for alkaline fermentation of seaweed-derived waste according to claim 1 or 2, A fermented liquid fertilizer made from a culture obtained by fermenting seaweed-derived waste.

[0014] According to the method for alkaline fermentation of seaweed-derived waste according to claim 1 or 2, Fermented liquid feed consisting of a culture made by fermenting seaweed-derived waste. Effect of the Invention

[0015] The present invention can be effectively used for fermented liquid fertilizer or fermented liquid feed.

[0016] Effective use of seaweed-derived waste such as wakame seaweed and kombu kelp has been considered for some time, but due to the high water content, rapid decomposition from harvest to rotting, and the fact that most seaweed has a limited harvesting season, large amounts of seaweed-derived waste are generated in a short period of time, making it difficult to dispose of, and therefore large amounts of seaweed-derived waste have been disposed of as waste in large quantities up until now. However, the present invention makes it possible to effectively use seaweed-derived waste as fermented liquid fertilizer or fermented liquid feed. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0017] [Figure 1] This is a diagram showing the addition of wakame waste (cut roots). [Diagram 2]This is a diagram showing stirring with a paddle and pH adjustment with sodium hydroxide. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0018] One embodiment of the invention is an alkaline fermentation treatment method for seaweed-derived waste, which is characterized in that seaweed-derived waste is placed in a 50-fold diluted solution of thermophilic bacteria, and then fermented and decomposed by a static method in the alkaline range of pH 7 to 9 using sodium hydroxide, a strong alkaline substance.

[0019] The second embodiment of the invention is a method for alkaline fermentation treatment of seaweed-derived waste, which is characterized in that seaweed-derived waste is placed in 50-fold diluted water containing thermophilic bacteria, and then a strong alkaline substance is used to carry out fermentation decomposition by static method in the alkaline range of pH 7 to 9 to obtain a culture. The seaweed-derived waste is placed in 50-fold diluted water using this culture as a seed culture, and then a strong alkaline substance is used to carry out fermentation decomposition by static method in the alkaline range of pH 7 to 9 to obtain a culture.

[0020] The third embodiment of the present invention is to remove foreign matter, sediment, etc. from a culture produced by fermenting seaweed-derived waste using any of the alkaline fermentation methods described in the first and second embodiments, and to effectively utilize the culture as a fermented liquid fertilizer or a fermented liquid feed.

[0021] The composition of wakame waste is (per 100g): 89.0g water, 0.2g protein, 0.2g fat, 5.6g carbohydrate, 3.3g ash (breakdown: 1.8g salt, 450mg sodium, 570mg potassium, 1.2g calcium). The levels were 220 mg of calcium, 78 mg of magnesium, and 23 mg of iron. (From the Standard Tables of Food Analysis)

[0022] When the enzyme activity of the culture produced by the alkaline fermentation treatment method of the present invention from wakame waste was measured using Apizyme, enzyme activity of protease, cellulase, etc. was confirmed, and the success of decomposition of fiber in the wakame waste was confirmed.

[0023] The seed culture produced by the second seaweed-derived waste treatment method of the present invention has a greater number of bacteria than the thermophilic bacteria, but they form a different flora, so efficient fermentation and decomposition can be achieved by simultaneously adding 25-50% by weight of the thermophilic bacteria to the seed culture. (Hereinafter, the mixture of the thermophilic bacteria and the culture is referred to as alkaliphilic microorganisms.) The seed culture is stored in a cool, dark place at pH 8.5-9.5 in a sealed plastic container or the like (storage period is within one year).

[0024] An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figures 1, 2, and Graph 1, taking as an example the use of wakame waste d. Wakame waste d is a by-product generated during the harvesting of wakame, and consists of leaves that look bad and cannot be marketed, and hard core and root parts that cannot be turned into food. First, put an aqueous solution obtained by diluting alkalophilic microorganism c 50 times the weight of wakame waste d into fermentation tank a, and then add wakame waste d to soak it. Next, add sodium hydroxide aqueous solution e while stirring well using paddle b to adjust the pH to 9. After that, measure the pH after stirring once a day, and if it is below pH 7, add sodium hydroxide aqueous solution e to adjust it to pH 9. This process is repeated until the pH no longer decreases. At this time, the progress of fermentation can be easily seen by the reduction in solid matter such as wakame waste and the decrease in pH. When fermentation is complete, the pH no longer decreases, so this is used as a guide for the end of fermentation decomposition using the alkaline fermentation treatment method.

[0025] Graph 1 shows the pH transition of wakame waste fermentation, which began on March 17, 2021. Wakame waste d was prepared in the fermentation tank shown in Figure 1 according to the alkaline fermentation treatment by the static method of the present invention, and after stirring once a day, the pH was measured and, if it was below pH 7, an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution e was added to adjust it to pH 9. This procedure was repeated, and it was confirmed that the pH had stopped decreasing from April 21, and fermentation was completed on May 3. It is desirable to end the fermentation 10 days or more after confirming that the pH has stopped decreasing. (As shown in the table, the pH hardly decreased at all after April 21.) The degree to which the pH drops varies depending on the temperature of the liquid, so the progress of fermentation is judged based on the pH and the degree to which the wakame root residue has been reduced. At the end of fermentation, only a small amount of wakame residue can be seen, and sediment, which is seen in liquid fermentation, has been produced.

[0026] [Table 1]

[0027] If the alkaline fermentation treatment method of the present invention is attempted to carry out fermentation at a pH of 7 or less, mold, bacteria, yeast and other microorganisms will grow excessively, making the food prone to spoilage. At this time, care must be taken because if the food spoils during the fermentation process, the pH will drop rapidly to about 4. However, under the conditions of this alkaline fermentation process, If the pH is kept between 7 and 9, spoilage will not occur unless conditions worsen more than expected. Furthermore, if fermentation is carried out at a pH level of 9 or higher, the fiber in the wakame waste d will be decomposed by the alkali, and useful substances such as amino acids and minerals produced by the decomposition of the cultured matter by microorganisms will decrease, reducing its effectiveness as fertilizer and feed.

[0028] When using it as fermented liquid fertilizer or fermented liquid feed, the sediment that is generated during liquid fermentation is said to be a mass of microorganisms, but it is filtered through a mesh screen in case it contains foreign matter or other insoluble matter. Since the sediment is made up of very fine particles, it often clogs the mesh, so if the filtration area is made large and the process is performed within the liquid so that water pressure is less likely to be applied to the mesh, filtration can be performed relatively smoothly. For fermented liquid fertilizer, it is best to remove the sediment to prevent clogging of the fine details of the pipes and equipment used for spraying, but for fermented liquid feed, it is considered better to leave the sediment.

[0029] Fermentation decomposition by the static method is to stir once a day with a paddle b etc. without aeration, then let it stand and ferment. For example, add diluted water of thermophilic bacteria group c to the wakame waste d used in this study in a fermentation tank and leave it to soak. Next, add sodium hydroxide aqueous solution e while stirring well with paddle b to adjust the pH to 9, and let the fermentation liquid in the fermentation tank stand. After that, stir once a day with paddle b and measure the pH, and if it is below pH 7, add sodium hydroxide aqueous solution e to adjust it to pH 9. If it is above pH 7, leave it stand without stirring the fermentation liquid with paddle b. This operation is repeated until the pH does not decrease, and fermentation proceeds. In this way, the fermentation liquid is temporarily stirred to mix sodium hydroxide with the fermentation liquid and to make the pH of the fermentation liquid uniform, and then left to stand to proceed with fermentation decomposition, which is called the static fermentation decomposition method.

[0030] When carrying out alkaline fermentation treatment of seaweed-derived waste, doubling the amount of alkaliphilic microorganisms inoculated into the wakame waste d and fermenting the liquid at a temperature of 60°C at the beginning of preparation can suppress the proliferation of harmful, toxic fungi and bacteria, and produce more expensive fermented liquid fertilizer or fermented liquid feed.

[0031] The fermented liquid fertilizer produced by the present invention can be used to improve the vigor of crops, fruit trees, and ornamental plants in fields and greenhouses by diluting the culture produced by the alkaline fermentation treatment with water 100 to 500 times and applying it to the leaves or watering them. This can mitigate damage caused by continuous cropping and promote root growth.

[0032] Similarly, when fermented liquid feed is used, diluted water made from cultures produced by alkaline fermentation is added to livestock feed and drinking water, and it is expected that this will restore the balance of intestinal bacteria and boost immunity, just like live bacteria preparations. [Industrial Applicability]

[0033] If a method for treating wakame waste can be established, it will be possible to effectively reuse materials that would otherwise be discarded, which is expected to have a significant economic effect. In addition to wakame waste, it will also be possible to effectively reuse unused seaweed waste such as kelp. [Explanation of symbols]

[0034] A Fermentation tank b. Paddle c. Alkaliphilic microorganism dilution water d. Seaweed waste e Sodium hydroxide solution

Claims

1. This method for alkaline fermentation treatment of seaweed-derived waste comprises placing seaweed-derived waste in diluted water containing a thermophilic bacteria group, and then using a strong alkaline substance to produce a culture by static fermentation decomposition in an alkaline range of pH 7 to 9, thereby obtaining a culture product.

2. A method for alkaline fermentation treatment of seaweed-derived waste, comprising: placing seaweed-derived waste in a dilution water of a thermophilic bacteria group; further using a strong alkaline substance to produce a seed culture by static fermentation decomposition in an alkaline range of pH 7 to 9; placing seaweed-derived waste in a dilution water of the seed culture and the thermophilic bacteria group mixture; and further using a strong alkaline substance to produce a culture by static fermentation decomposition in an alkaline range of pH 7 to 9.

Images