Ignition detection system and method for waste treatment facility

Abstract

To provide a fire detection system of a waste disposal facility capable of rapid and precise detection of a fire during transportation of crushed waste.SOLUTION: A fire detection system of a waste disposal facility 1A is assembled with a crusher 20 for crushing waste, a first transportation conveyor 31 for transporting crushed waste discharged from the crusher 20, and a second transportation conveyor 32 for transporting crushed waste dropped from the first transportation conveyor 31, wherein the fire detection system of the waste disposal facility 1A is assembled with an IR / visible composite camera 60 for imaging the crushed waste dropped from the first transportation conveyor 31 to the second transportation conveyor 32, and fire phenomenon determination means for determining whether or not a fire phenomenon has occurred based on an image taken with the IR / visible composite camera 60.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an ignition detection system and method for a waste treatment facility that detects ignition of crushed waste at a waste treatment facility. [Background technology]

[0002] Generally, when municipal solid waste and other waste (hereinafter simply referred to as "waste") is treated by incineration, melting, gasification, etc., the waste is crushed to a desired size using a crusher and then sorted into valuable materials, non-combustible materials, combustible materials, etc.

[0003] At this time, the waste contains a large number of containers containing flammable materials, such as gas cylinders, spray cans, organic solvent containers, gasoline containers, and kerosene containers, as well as lithium batteries that can ignite if cut (hereinafter referred to as "hazardous materials"). These hazardous materials should be separated and removed at the waste collection stage, but in reality, many hazardous materials are mixed in with the waste that is brought to waste treatment facilities.

[0004] For this reason, waste treatment facilities visually sort and remove hazardous materials from the waste they receive before feeding it into the crusher. They also take measures to prevent fires and explosions in the unlikely event that hazardous materials are accidentally fed into the facility.

[0005] Fire prevention measures at waste treatment facilities include installing heat detectors (temperature detectors) made of expendable thermocouples near the crusher exit to detect temperature rises due to ignition, and flame detectors that detect infrared and ultraviolet rays emitted from flames, located downstream on the crushed material transport conveyor in a position where they will not detect the constantly occurring sparks from crushing and will not be directly hit by the crushed material.Such fire detectors that are based on detecting temperature and flames can quickly and accurately detect the start of a fire in a narrow space such as the inside of a crusher.

[0006] However, inside the transport conveyor located downstream of the crusher, the crushed waste (crushed waste) is transported at a high speed of about 0.3 to 0.8 m / s, so the fire site passes by the installation location of the fire detector in an instant, and a temperature-sensing fire detector cannot detect the fire. Also, on this type of transport conveyor, crushed waste is transported in piles, so ignited crushed waste (fire sources) often become buried, making it even more difficult to detect a fire under such conditions.

[0007] Furthermore, the inside of the transport conveyor is always filled with a large amount of dust generated by the crushing of waste, which can cause problems such as flame-sensing fire detectors being slow to detect the occurrence of a flame, and smoke-sensing fire detectors giving false alarms.

[0008] Furthermore, conventional fire detectors, which are based on detecting temperature, flames, smoke, etc., generally have low detection sensitivity and are unable to detect a fire until it has progressed to a certain extent. This, combined with the fact that crushed waste is transported at high speeds, makes it difficult to extinguish a fire in its early stages. As a result, damage to the transport conveyor can easily become severe, and it takes time to restore the transport conveyor after the fire has been extinguished, making it impossible to restart the waste treatment facility within a short period of time.

[0009] In order to solve the above problems, it has been proposed to provide a CO detector in the casing of the crushed material transport conveyor to detect the CO concentration in the internal atmosphere (see, for example, Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0010] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-240295 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0011] However, the CO detector used in the technology disclosed in Patent Document 1 is configured to draw gas through a conduit and guide it to a sensor, which means it takes time for the gas to pass through the conduit. Furthermore, to accurately measure the CO concentration, dust and moisture contained in the gas to be drawn in must be removed in advance, necessitating the use of a filter or activated carbon as a pretreatment device.

[0012] For this reason, the device in Patent Document 1 requires time for the waste to pass through the pre-treatment device in addition to the time it takes for the waste to pass through the conduit, making it impossible to measure the CO concentration instantaneously, and there is a risk that the ignited waste will be transported to the next process on a conveyor. Also, if the inside of the device is under negative pressure to prevent odors from the waste, the capacity of the induction fan may be greater than the capacity of the pump installed in the CO detector, and the generated gas may not be sufficiently sucked in. Therefore, while the device in Patent Document 1 is effective when a large amount of CO gas is generated, there is a risk that the fire may already have spread by that point.

[0013] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide an ignition detection system and an ignition detection method for a waste treatment facility that can quickly and accurately detect ignition during the transportation of crushed waste. [Means for solving the problem]

[0014] The characteristic configuration of the fire detection system for a waste treatment facility according to the present invention for solving the above problems is as follows: A fire detection system for a waste treatment facility including a crusher for crushing waste, a first transport conveyor for transporting the crushed waste discharged from the crusher, and a second transport conveyor for transporting the crushed waste dropped from the first transport conveyor, an imaging means for imaging the crushed waste dropped from the first transport conveyor to the second transport conveyor; an ignition phenomenon determination means for determining whether or not an ignition phenomenon has occurred based on the image captured by the imaging means; The purpose is to provide the following.

[0015] In the ignition detection system for a waste treatment facility of this configuration, the imaging means captures an image of the crushed waste that falls from the first transport conveyor to the second transport conveyor and becomes scattered. As a result, even if ignited crushed waste (ignition source) is buried among the unignited crushed waste, the embers will appear when the crushed waste falls from the first transport conveyor to the second transport conveyor. The imaging means then captures an image of the crushed waste with the embers appearing, and the ignition phenomenon determination means determines whether or not an ignition phenomenon has occurred based on this captured image, making it possible to quickly and accurately detect an ignition while the crushed waste is being transported.

[0016] In the fire detection system for a waste treatment facility according to the present invention, It is preferable that the imaging means capture an image of the crushed waste that has dropped from the first transport conveyor onto the second transport conveyor and is spread out on the second transport conveyor.

[0017] According to the ignition detection system for a waste disposal facility of this configuration, the crushed waste that has fallen from the first conveying conveyor to the second conveying conveyor and is spread out on the second conveying conveyor is imaged by an imaging means, so that it is possible to determine whether an ignition has occurred based on the image of the crushed waste in a state in which the source of fire is more clearly visible, making it possible to detect ignition more quickly and accurately while the crushed waste is being transported.

[0018] In the fire detection system for a waste treatment facility according to the present invention, a conveyor control means for controlling the second transport conveyor; It is preferable that the conveyor control means reduces the conveying speed of the second conveyor when the ignition phenomenon determination means determines that an ignition phenomenon has occurred.

[0019] According to the ignition detection system for a waste treatment facility of this configuration, when the ignition phenomenon determination means determines that an ignition phenomenon has occurred, the conveying speed of the second conveyor is reduced, thereby preventing the fire seeds from being transported to the next process by the second conveyor, and allowing the fire seeds to be easily removed, for example, by a sorting robot or by manual sorting while being transported by the second conveyor.

[0020] In the fire detection system for a waste treatment facility according to the present invention, a conveyor control means for controlling the second transport conveyor; It is preferable that the conveyor control means reverses the conveying direction of the second conveyor when the ignition phenomenon determination means determines that an ignition phenomenon has occurred.

[0021] According to the ignition detection system for a waste treatment facility of this configuration, when the ignition phenomenon determination means determines that an ignition phenomenon has occurred, the conveying direction of the second conveyor is switched to the opposite direction, which not only prevents fire seeds from being transported to the next process by the second conveyor, but also enables fire seeds to be removed outside the second conveyor without the need to install special sorting means, etc.

[0022] In the fire detection system for a waste treatment facility according to the present invention, The imaging means is configured to convert analog image data of the crushed waste to be imaged into digital image data by an imaging element and output the digital image data, an image processing means for generating temperature image data by performing image processing on the digital image data; It is preferable that the ignition phenomenon determination means calculates a temperature rise rate based on the temperature image data generated by the image processing means and reference temperature image data, and determines that an ignition phenomenon has occurred when the number of pixels in the temperature image data showing the calculated temperature rise rate equal to or greater than a predetermined value is equal to or greater than a predetermined ratio of the number of effective pixels in the temperature image data generated by the image processing means.

[0023] According to the ignition detection system for waste disposal facilities of this configuration, the temperature rise rate is calculated based on the temperature image data generated by applying image processing to the digital image data from the imaging means and the reference temperature image data, and it is determined that an ignition phenomenon has occurred when the number of pixels in the image data showing the calculated temperature rise rate equal to or greater than a predetermined value is equal to or greater than a predetermined percentage of the number of effective pixels in the temperature image data generated by image processing.Therefore, it is possible to reliably detect ignition phenomena accompanied by flames by eliminating as noise relatively gradual temperature rises that do not involve flames, such as those due to chemical reactions.

[0024] Next, the characteristic configuration of the fire detection method for a waste treatment facility according to the present invention for solving the above problems is as follows: A method for detecting ignition of crushed waste in a waste treatment facility that includes a crusher that crushes waste, a first transport conveyor that transports crushed waste discharged from the crusher, and a second transport conveyor that transports crushed waste dropped from the first transport conveyor, comprising: an imaging step of imaging the crushed waste dropped from the first transport conveyor to the second transport conveyor; an ignition phenomenon determination step of determining whether or not an ignition phenomenon has occurred based on the image obtained by the imaging step; The purpose is to encompass the above.

[0025] In the fire detection method for a waste treatment facility of this configuration, the crushed waste that falls apart as it falls from the first conveyor to the second conveyor is imaged in the imaging process. As a result, even if a fire source is buried in the unignited crushed waste, the fire source will become visible as it falls from the first conveyor to the second conveyor. The crushed waste with the fire source visible is then imaged, and whether or not an ignition has occurred is determined based on the image, allowing for quick and accurate detection of fire while the crushed waste is being transported. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0026] [Figure 1]FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a waste treatment facility to which an ignition detection system according to a first embodiment of the present invention is applied. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 shows a control system of a waste treatment facility to which the ignition detection system according to the first embodiment of the present invention is applied, where (a) is a block diagram showing the hardware configuration, and (b) is a functional block diagram. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the contents of the control process of the ignition detection system for a waste treatment facility according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a waste treatment facility to which an ignition detection system according to a second embodiment of the present invention is applied. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the control process of the fire detection system for a waste treatment facility according to the second embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0027] The present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5. In the following embodiments, an ignition detection system (fire detection method) applied to a waste disposal facility where non-burnable waste and bulky waste are crushed to a desired size using a crusher and then sorted into valuables, non-burnable waste, combustible waste, etc. is described as an example. However, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the configurations shown in the following embodiments and drawings. "Non-burnable waste" includes, for example, plastic products, rubber products, small electrical appliances, metal scraps, glass scraps, ceramics, etc. "Bulky waste" refers to waste generated in daily household activities, such as waste with a maximum side or diameter exceeding 30 cm, rod-shaped waste exceeding 1 meter, and waste generated in large quantities temporarily due to household moves, general cleaning, etc. Hereinafter, "non-burnable waste" and "bulk waste" will be collectively referred to simply as "waste."

[0028] First Embodiment <Overall structure> FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a waste treatment facility to which a fire detection system according to a first embodiment of the present invention is applied. In the waste treatment facility 1A shown in FIG. 1, a first supply conveyor 11, a second supply conveyor 12, a crusher 20, a first transfer conveyor 31, a second transfer conveyor 32, and a discharge conveyor 50 are arranged in this order from upstream to downstream of the waste treatment flow. The waste treatment facility 1A also includes a control device 70 for controlling the entire system. In the following description, unless otherwise specified, "upstream" refers to the upstream side of the waste treatment flow, and "downstream" refers to the downstream side of the waste treatment flow.

[0029] [First supply conveyor] The first supply conveyor 11 is installed inside a waste receiving hopper 3 into which waste is dumped by a dumping box 2 installed on the platform. In the first supply conveyor 11, a drive motor 13 is connected to a drive wheel located at the upstream end via a power transmission mechanism.

[0030] [Second supply conveyor] The second supply conveyor 12 is configured to include a conveyor body 14 arranged continuous with the first supply conveyor 11, and a casing 15 that houses the conveyor body 14 and covers an inlet 23 (described later) of the crusher 20. The conveyor body 14 has an upstream horizontal section 14a, an intermediate inclined section 14b, and a downstream horizontal section 14c. The upstream horizontal section 14a is arranged below the downstream end of the first supply conveyor 11 with a required overlap area in a plan view. The downstream horizontal section 14c is arranged downstream of the upstream horizontal section 14a and at a height position that allows waste to be input into the inlet 23 (described later) of the crusher 20. The intermediate inclined section 14b is formed in a shape that slopes upward downstream so as to connect the upstream horizontal section 14a and the downstream horizontal section 14c. In the second supply conveyor 12, a drive motor 16 is connected via a power transmission mechanism to a drive wheel disposed at the end of the downstream horizontal section 14c. Note that there may be an embodiment in which the first supply conveyor 11 and the second supply conveyor 12 are combined into one supply conveyor.

[0031] <Crusher> The crusher 20 is configured by disposing two rotary blades 22 inside a casing 21. An inlet 23 through which waste is fed is formed in the upper part of the casing 21, and an outlet 24 through which waste that has passed between the two rotary blades 22 is discharged is formed in the lower part of the casing 21. Note that in this embodiment, an example has been shown in which a biaxial crusher that crushes waste with two rotary blades 22 is used as the crusher 20, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a hammer-type crusher that crushes waste with a hammer may also be used.

[0032] <First conveyor> The first transfer conveyor 31 includes a conveyor body 35 that receives the crushed waste discharged from the discharge outlet 24 of the shredder 20 and transports the received crushed waste downstream, and a casing 36 that houses the conveyor body 35. The conveyor body 35 has an upstream horizontal section 35a, an intermediate inclined section 35b, and a downstream horizontal section 35c. The upstream horizontal section 35a is located below the discharge outlet 24 of the shredder 20. The downstream horizontal section 35c is located downstream of the upstream horizontal section 35a and above the second transfer conveyor 32, with a required overlap area in plan view with the upstream end of the second transfer conveyor 32. The intermediate inclined section 35b is shaped to slope upward downstream so as to connect the upstream horizontal section 35a and the downstream horizontal section 35c. In the first transfer conveyor 31, a drive motor 37 is connected to a drive wheel disposed at the end of the downstream horizontal portion 35c via a power transmission mechanism.

[0033] <Second transport conveyor> The second transport conveyor 32 receives the crushed waste that drops from the downstream horizontal section 35c of the first transport conveyor 31 and transports the received crushed waste horizontally. In the second transport conveyor 32, a drive motor 40 is connected to a drive wheel located at the downstream end via a power transmission mechanism, and the transport direction of the crushed waste on the second transport conveyor 32 can be changed by switching the drive motor 40 between forward and reverse rotation.

[0034] [Magnetic separator] A magnetic separator 41 is disposed near the upstream end of the second transport conveyor 32. The magnetic separator 41 uses magnetic force to attract and collect ferromagnetic materials such as iron pieces and iron lumps mixed in with the crushed waste transported by the second transport conveyor 32. The crushed waste containing ferromagnetic materials collected by the magnetic separator 41 is further sorted into ferromagnetic materials and other non-burnable waste by passing through an air sorter or the like (not shown).

[0035] <Sorting machine> A sorter 45 is disposed midway along the transport path of the second transport conveyor 32, downstream of the magnetic separator 41. A hazardous material storage tank 46 is also installed near the sorter 45. The sorter 45 separates and removes hazardous materials, such as lithium-based batteries, which can ignite if cut. Examples of the sorter 45 include an AI-equipped arm-type sorting robot equipped with a flame detector that detects flames by infrared or ultraviolet light emitted from a flame, a visible camera, and the like, configured to grasp and remove hazardous materials with an arm simulating a human hand and dump them into the hazardous material storage tank 46, and a sorter conveyor equipped with a sorting function that sorts hazardous materials into designated locations. Instead of using an arm-type sorting robot or a sorter conveyor, hazardous materials may also be manually sorted by a human.

[0036] [Discharge conveyor] The discharge conveyor 50 receives the crushed waste that drops from the downstream end of the second transport conveyor 32 and transports the received crushed waste horizontally. In the discharge conveyor 50, a drive motor 55 is connected to a drive wheel located at the downstream end via a power transmission mechanism.

[0037] <Image capture means> Between the first conveying conveyor 31 and the second conveying conveyor 32, an infrared / visible composite camera 60, for example, is arranged as an imaging means for imaging the crushed waste that falls from the first conveying conveyor 31 to the second conveying conveyor 32.

[0038] The infrared / visible light combined camera 60 is configured to be able to use both an infrared camera and a visible light camera, making it possible to detect temperature using infrared camera images and to identify location using highly visible visible light camera images. The infrared / visible light combined camera 60 is also configured to convert analog image data of the crushed waste being imaged into digital image data using an image sensor (charge-coupled device) and output the digital image data. The visible light camera image data can also be recorded and used for investigation in the event of a fire.

[0039] The infrared / visible combined camera 60 is capable of capturing images of the crushed waste that has fallen from the downstream horizontal section 35c of the first transfer conveyor 31 onto the upstream end of the second transfer conveyor 32 and spread out, and is disposed above the upstream end of the second transfer conveyor 32 so as not to be directly hit by the falling crushed waste. That is, an opening 36a is provided in the casing 36 of the first transfer conveyor 31 so as to correspond to the upstream end of the second transfer conveyor 32 in a plan view, and the infrared / visible combined camera 60 is disposed above this opening 36a so as to be able to capture images of the crushed waste that has fallen onto the upstream end of the second transfer conveyor 32 through the opening 36a.

[0040] <Control system configuration> 2A and 2B show a control system of a waste treatment facility to which the ignition detection system according to the first embodiment of the present invention is applied, with (a) being a block diagram showing the hardware configuration and (b) being a functional block diagram. As shown in FIG. 2A, a control device 70 is configured to include a CPU 71, a memory 72, an I / O port 73, peripheral devices (not shown), etc. The control device 70 is connected to drive motors 13, 16, 37, 40, and 55, a sorter 45, an infrared / visible combined camera 60, etc., so as to be able to transmit signals. The memory 72 stores temperature image data (e.g., temperature image data showing 20°C) that serves as a reference for use in calculating the temperature rise rate in the ignition phenomenon determination process described below.

[0041] Fig. 3 is a flowchart showing the control process of the fire detection system for a waste disposal facility according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Memory 72 in control device 70 stores a predetermined program created according to the algorithm shown in the flowchart of Fig. 3, temperature image data serving as a reference for calculating the temperature rise rate (described later), and various other data. CPU 71 loads and executes the predetermined program stored in memory 72 and cooperates with peripheral devices to perform the functions of image processing means 75, fire phenomenon determination means 76, conveyor control means 77, and sorter control means 78, all of which are shown in the functional block diagram of Fig. 2(b).

[0042] The waste treatment operation of the waste treatment facility 1A configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS.

[0043] First, the conveyor control means 77 sends drive control signals to the drive motors 13, 16, 37, 40, and 55 to rotate them in the forward direction so that the conveying speed of each conveyor 11, 12, 31, 32, and 50 is in the range of 0.3 to 0.8 m / s, for example. As a result, each conveyor 11, 12, 31, 32, and 50 operates in normal mode at a conveying speed of 0.3 to 0.8 m / s.

[0044] The first supply conveyor 11 receives the garbage dropped into the garbage receiving hopper 3, and by the forward rotation of the drive motor 13, transports the received garbage from the upstream end to the downstream end, and drops the garbage from the downstream end onto the upstream horizontal section 14a of the second supply conveyor 12.

[0045] The second supply conveyor 12 transports the garbage placed on the upstream horizontal section 14a from the upstream horizontal section 14a through the intermediate inclined section 14b to the downstream horizontal section 14c by rotating the drive motor 16 in the forward direction, and then feeds the garbage from the downstream horizontal section 14c into the inlet 23 of the crusher 20.

[0046] The crusher 20 crushes the waste that has been fed into the casing 21 through the feed opening 23 by tearing it apart with two rotating blades 22. The crushed waste (crushed waste) falls through the discharge opening 24 and is placed on the upstream horizontal section 35a of the first transport conveyor 31.

[0047] By rotating the drive motor 37 in the forward direction, the first conveying conveyor 31 conveys the crushed waste placed on the upstream horizontal section 35a from the upstream horizontal section 35a through the intermediate inclined section 35b to the downstream horizontal section 35c, and then drops it from the downstream horizontal section 35c onto the upstream end of the second conveying conveyor 32.

[0048] The second transport conveyor 32 transports the crushed waste dropped onto the upstream end horizontally toward the downstream end as the drive motor 40 rotates forward, and drops it from the downstream end onto the discharge conveyor 50. Ferromagnetic materials in the crushed waste transported by the second transport conveyor 32 are collected by a magnetic separator 41.

[0049] The discharge conveyor 50 receives the crushed waste that falls from the downstream end of the second conveying conveyor 32, and transports the received crushed waste from the upstream end to the downstream end by rotating the drive motor 55 in the forward direction, and from the downstream end to equipment (not shown) where the next processing step is performed.

[0050] Next, a method for detecting ignition of crushed waste in the waste treatment facility 1A will be described. The ignition detection method in the waste treatment facility 1A is mainly implemented by the control device 70, the infrared / visible combined camera 60, etc. The processing contents of the control device 70 will be described mainly using the functional block diagram in FIG. 2(b) and the flowchart in FIG. 3. In the flowchart in FIG. 3, the symbol "S" represents a step.

[0051] <Imaging process> First, the infrared / visible combined camera 60 captures an image of the crushed waste that has been dropped from the first conveying conveyor 31 onto the second conveying conveyor 32 and placed in a spread-out state on the upstream end of the second conveying conveyor 32 (S1).

[0052] The infrared / visible combined camera 60 converts the analog image data of the captured shredded waste into digital image data using an image sensor (charge-coupled device) (S2). The digital image data of the shredded waste is sent to the image processing means 75. The image processing means 75 performs image processing on the digital image data of the shredded waste to generate temperature image data (S3).

[0053] <Ignition phenomenon determination process> The ignition phenomenon determination means 76 calculates the temperature rise rate based on the temperature image data generated by the image processing means 75 (for example, temperature image data showing 60°C) and the reference temperature image data (for example, temperature image data showing 20°C), [{(60-20) / 20}×100=200%], and determines that an ignition phenomenon has occurred when the number of pixels in the image data showing the calculated temperature rise rate equal to or greater than a predetermined value (for example, 200%) is equal to or greater than 4%, for example, of the number of effective pixels in the temperature image data generated by the image processing means 75 (S4).

[0054] If it is determined in step S4 that an ignition has occurred (YES in S4), the conveyor control means 77 sends a deceleration signal to each of the drive motors 13, 16, 37, 40, and 55 to reduce the forward rotation speed of each of the drive motors 13, 16, 37, 40, and 55 (S5). This reduces the transport speed of each of the conveyors 11, 12, 31, 32, and 50. In this way, the transport speed of the second transport conveyor 32 is reduced, thereby preventing fires from being transported from the second transport conveyor 32 to the discharge conveyor 50 and to the next process. Note that a deceleration / stop signal may also be sent to each of the drive motors 13, 16, 37, 40, and 55 to reduce the transport speed of each of the conveyors 11, 12, 31, 32, and 50 and then stop them.

[0055] Furthermore, if it is determined that an ignition phenomenon has occurred (YES in S4), the sorter control means 78 sends a command signal to the sorter 45 to execute an operation to sort and remove the fire seeds (S6). This causes the fire seeds to be sorted and removed. Because the transport speed of the second transport conveyor was previously reduced in step S5, the sorter 45 can easily remove the fire seeds while they are being transported by the second transport conveyor 32. The sorter 45 then dumps the removed fire seeds into the hazardous material storage tank 46. If cooling water is previously placed in the hazardous material storage tank 46 or a sprinkler system (not shown) is attached to the hazardous material storage tank 46 to sprinkle water inside the hazardous material storage tank 46 as needed, the fire seeds stored in the hazardous material storage tank 46 can be extinguished.

[0056] In this embodiment, the crushed waste that falls from the first conveyor 31 onto the second conveyor 32, breaks up, and then spreads out on the second conveyor 32 is imaged by the infrared / visible combined camera 60. As a result, even if ignited crushed waste (ignition source) is buried among non-ignited crushed waste, whether or not an ignition has occurred can be determined based on the image of the crushed waste in which the ignition source is more clearly visible, allowing for faster and more accurate detection of an ignition while the crushed waste is being transported. Furthermore, in this embodiment, an ignition is determined to have occurred when the temperature image data indicates a temperature rise rate of, for example, 200% or more, i.e., when the number of pixels in the temperature image data indicating a rapid temperature rise accounts for, for example, 4% or more of the effective pixels of the temperature image data generated by the image processing means 75. Therefore, a relatively gradual temperature rise not accompanied by a flame, such as due to a chemical reaction, is eliminated as noise, and an ignition accompanied by a flame can be reliably detected.

[0057] Second Embodiment Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a waste treatment facility to which a fire detection system according to a second embodiment of the present invention is applied. Fig. 5 is a flowchart showing the control process of the fire detection system according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the second embodiment, parts that are the same as or similar to those in the first embodiment are simply given the same reference numerals in the drawings, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. The following description will focus on parts unique to the second embodiment.

[0058] As shown in Figure 4, in the waste treatment facility 1B of the second embodiment, a hazardous material storage tank 46 is installed so that when the conveying direction of the second conveying conveyor 32 is switched to the opposite direction from that during normal operation by reversing the rotation of the drive motor 40, crushed waste can be discharged to the outside from the upstream end of the second conveying conveyor 32 as shown by the dotted arrow in Figure 4.

[0059] If it is determined in step S4 of FIG. 5 that an ignition has occurred (YES in S4), the conveyor control means 77 (see FIG. 2(b)) transmits a deceleration / stop signal to each of the drive motors 13, 16, 37, 40, and 55 to reduce the forward rotation speed of each of the drive motors 13, 16, 37, 40, and 55 and ultimately stop them (S5). This reduces the conveying speed of each of the conveyors 11, 12, 31, 32, and 50 and then stops them. Next, the conveyor control means 77 transmits a reverse signal to the drive motor 40 of the second transfer conveyor 32 to reverse the drive motor 40 (S6). This not only prevents fire sources from being transported to the next process by the second transfer conveyor 32, but also allows the crushed waste containing fire sources to be discharged from the upstream end of the second transfer conveyor 32 and dumped into the hazardous material storage tank 46 for disposal. The hazardous material storage tank 46 is either filled with cooling water beforehand, or is equipped with a sprinkler system (not shown) that sprinkles water inside the hazardous material storage tank 46 as needed, so that any fire that is thrown into the hazardous material storage tank 46 will be extinguished.

[0060] According to the second embodiment, it is possible to obtain the same effects as those of the first embodiment, and also possible to omit the sorting machine 45 provided in the first embodiment, thereby simplifying the system configuration. [Industrial Applicability]

[0061] The fire detection system and fire detection method for waste disposal facilities of the present invention can be used in waste disposal facilities where non-combustible waste and bulky waste are crushed to a desired size using a crusher and then sorted into valuables, non-combustible materials, combustible materials, etc., for example, to detect the ignition of hazardous materials such as lithium-based batteries that ignite when cut. [Explanation of symbols]

[0062] 1A, 1B Waste Treatment Facility 20 Crusher 31 First conveyor 32 Second conveyor 60 Infrared / visible combined camera (imaging means) 75 Image Processing Methods 76 Ignition phenomenon determination means 77 Conveyor control means

Claims

1. A fire detection system for a waste treatment facility including a crusher for crushing waste, a first transport conveyor having a conveyor body for transporting the crushed waste discharged from the crusher, and a second transport conveyor for transporting the crushed waste dropped from the conveyor body of the first transport conveyor, The first conveyor includes a casing that houses and covers the conveyor body and covers an upstream end of the second conveyor in the waste treatment flow, and has an opening that corresponds to the upstream end of the second conveyor in a plan view; an imaging means disposed above the opening so as to image, through the opening, the crushed waste that has fallen from the downstream end of the waste processing flow of the conveyor body of the first conveyor to the upstream end of the waste processing flow of the second conveyor and spread out on the upstream end of the waste processing flow of the second conveyor; an ignition phenomenon determination means for determining whether or not an ignition phenomenon has occurred based on the image captured by the imaging means; A fire detection system for a waste treatment facility.

2. a conveyor control means for controlling the second transport conveyor; 2. The ignition detection system for a waste treatment facility according to claim 1, wherein the conveyor control means reduces the conveying speed of the second conveyor when the ignition phenomenon determination means determines that an ignition phenomenon has occurred.

3. a conveyor control means for controlling the second transport conveyor; 2. The ignition detection system for a waste treatment facility according to claim 1, wherein the conveyor control means switches the conveying direction of the second conveyor to a reverse direction when the ignition phenomenon determination means determines that an ignition phenomenon has occurred.

4. The imaging means is configured to convert analog image data of the crushed waste to be imaged into digital image data by an imaging element and output the digital image data, an image processing unit that performs image processing on the digital image data to generate temperature image data; The ignition phenomenon determination means calculates a temperature rise rate based on the temperature image data generated by the image processing means and reference temperature image data, and determines that an ignition phenomenon has occurred when the number of pixels of the temperature image data showing the calculated temperature rise rate equal to or greater than a predetermined value is equal to or greater than a predetermined ratio of the number of effective pixels of the temperature image data generated by the image processing means.

5. A method for detecting ignition of crushed waste in a waste treatment facility including a crusher for crushing waste, a first transport conveyor having a conveyor body for transporting the crushed waste discharged from the crusher, and a second transport conveyor for transporting the crushed waste dropped from the conveyor body of the first transport conveyor, comprising: The first conveyor includes a casing that houses and covers the conveyor body and covers an upstream end of the second conveyor in the waste treatment flow, and has an opening that corresponds to the upstream end of the second conveyor in a plan view; an imaging step of imaging the crushed waste from above through the opening, the crushed waste being dropped from the downstream end of the waste processing flow of the conveyor body of the first conveyor to the upstream end of the waste processing flow of the second conveyor and being spread out on the upstream end of the waste processing flow of the second conveyor; an ignition phenomenon determination step of determining whether or not an ignition phenomenon has occurred based on the image obtained by the imaging step; A method for detecting fires at a waste treatment facility comprising the steps of:

Images